Procrastinate

Pro*cras"ti*nate, v. i. To delay; to be dilatory.
I procrastinate more than I did twenty years ago. Swift.

Procrastination

Pro*cras`ti*na"tion (?), n. [L. procrastinatio: cf. F. procrastination.] The act or habit of procrastinating, or putting off to a future time; delay; dilatoriness.
Procrastination is the thief of time. Young.

Procrastinator

Pro*cras"ti*na`tor (?) n. One who procrastinates, or defers the performance of anything.

Procrastinatory

Pro*cras"ti*na*to*ry (?) a. Of or pertaining to procrastination; dilatory.

Procrastine

Pro*cras"tine (?) v. t. To procrastinate. [Obs.]

Procreant

Pro"cre*ant (?), a. [L. procreans, p. pr. of procreare. See Procreate.] Generating; producing; productive; fruitful; assisting in procreation. [R.] "His pendent bed and procreant cradle." Shak.

Procreant

Pro"cre*ant, n. One who, or that which, procreates.

Procreate

Pro"cre*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Procreated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Procreating.] [L. procreatus, p. p. of procreare; pro forward, forth + create to create.] To generate and produce; to beget; to engender.

Procreation

Pro`cre*a"tion (?) n. [F. procr\'82ation, L, procreatio.] The act of begetting; generation and production of young. South.

Procreative

Pro"cre*a`tive (?), a. Having the power to beget; generative. Sir M. Hale.

Procreativeness

Pro"cre*a`tive*ness, n. The power of generating.

Procreator

Pro"cre*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who begets; a father or sire; a generator.

Procris

Pro"cris (?) n. [L., the wife of Cephalus, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of small moths of the genus Procris. The larv\'91 of some species injure the grapevine by feeding in groups upon the leaves.

Procrustean

Pro*crus"te*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Procrustes, or the mode of torture practiced by him; producing conformity by violent means; as, the Procrustean treatment; a Procrustean limit. See Procrustes.

Procrusteanize

Pro*crus"te*an*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Procrusteanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Procrusteanizing (?).] To stretch or contract according to some rule or standard.

Procrustes

Pro*crus"tes (?) n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A celebrated legendary highwayman of Attica, who tied his victims upon an iron bed, and, as the case required, either stretched or cut of their legs to adapt them to its length; -- whence the metaphorical phrase, the bed of Procrustes.

Procrustesian

Pro`crus*te"si*an (?), a. See Procrustean.

Proctitis

Proc*ti"tis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the rectum.

Proctocele

Proc"to*cele (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Inversion and prolapse of the mucous coat of the rectum, from relaxation of the sphincter, with more or less swelling; prolapsus ani. Dunglison.

Proctod\'91um

Proc`to*d\'91"um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) See Mesenteron.

Proctor

Proc"tor (?), n. [OE. proketour, contr. fr. procurator. See Procurator.] One who is employed to manage to affairs of another. Specifically: (a) A person appointed to collect alms for those who could not go out to beg for themselves, as lepers, the bedridden, etc.; hence a beggar. [Obs.] Nares. (b) (Eng. Law) An officer employed in admiralty and ecclesiastical causes. He answers to an attorney at common law, or to a solicitor in equity. Wharton. (c) (Ch. of Eng.) A representative of the clergy in convocation. (d) An officer in a university or college whose duty it is to enforce obedience to the laws of the institution. <-- hall proctor. a proctor(d) who maintains order within the hallways of a school, esp. during a shange of class. THe post is often occupied by a student -->

Proctor

Proc"tor, v. t. To act as a proctor toward; to manage as an attorney or agent. Bp. Warburton.

Proctorage

Proc"tor*age (?) n. Management by a proctor, or as by a proctor; hence, control; superintendence; -- in contempt. "The fogging proctorage of money." Milton.

Proctorial

Proc*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a proctor, esp. an academic proctor; magisterial.

Proctorical

Proc*tor"ic*al (?), a. Proctorial. [R.]

Proctorship

Proc"tor*ship (?) n. The office or dignity of a proctor; also, the term of his office. Clarendon.

Proctotomy

Proc*tot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) An incision into the rectum, as for the division of a stricture.

Proctucha

Proc"tu*cha (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A division of Turbellaria including those that have an intestine terminating posteriorly. (b) The Nemertina.

Procumbent

Pro*cum"bent (?), a. [L. procumbens, -entis, p. pr. of procumbere to fall, bend, or lean forward; pro forward + cumbere (in comp.), akin to cubare to lie down: cf. F. procombant. Cf. Incumbent.]

1. Lying down, or on the face; prone. " Procumbent each obeyed." Cowper.

2. (Bot.) Lying on the ground, but without putting forth roots; trailing; prostrate; as, a procumbent stem.

Procurable

Pro*cur"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being procured; obtainable. Boyle.

Procuracy

Proc"u*ra*cy (?), n.; pl. Procuracies (#). [LL. procuratia: cf. F. procuratie. See Procuration, and cf,. Proxy.]

1. The office or act of a proctor or procurator; management for another.

2. Authority to act for another; a proxy. [Obs.]

Procuration

Proc`u*ra"tion (?) n. [L. procuratio: cf. F. procuration. See Procure.]

1. The act of procuring; procurement.

2. The management of another's affairs.

3. The instrument by which a person is empowered to transact the affairs of another; a proxy.

4. (Ch. of Eng.) A sum of money paid formerly to the bishop or archdeacon, now to the ecclesiastical commissioners, by an incumbent, as a commutation for entertainment at the time of visitation; -- called also proxy. Procuration money (Law), money paid for procuring a loan. Blackstone.

Procurator

Proc"u*ra`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. procurateur. See Procure, and cf. Proctor. ]

1. (Law) One who manages another's affairs, either generally or in a special matter; an agent; a proctor. Chaucer. Shak.

2. (Rom. Antiq.) A governor of a province under the emperors; also, one who had charge of the imperial revenues in a province; as, the procurator of Judea. Procurator fiscal (Scots Law), public prosecutor, or district attorney.

Procuratorial

Proc`u*ra*to"ri*al (, a. Of or pertaining to a procurator, or proctor; made by a proctor. Ayliffe.

Procuratorship

Proc"u*ra`tor*ship (?), n. The office or term of a procurator. Bp. Pearson.

Procuratory

Pro*cu"ra*to*ry (?), a. [L. procuratorius.] Tending to, or authorizing, procuration.

Procure

Pro*cure" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Procured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Procuring.] [F. procurer, L. procurare, procuratum, to take care of; pro for + curare to take care, fr. cura care. See Cure, and cf. Proctor, Proxy.]

1. To bring into possession; to cause to accrue to, or to come into possession of; to acquire or provide for one's self or for another; to gain; to get; to obtain by any means, as by purchase or loan.

If we procure not to ourselves more woe. Milton.

2. To contrive; to bring about; to effect; to cause.

By all means possible they procure to have gold and silver among them in reproach. Robynson (More's Utopia) .
Proceed, Solinus, to procure my fall. Shak.

3. To solicit; to entreat. [Obs.]

The famous Briton prince and faery knight, . . . Of the fair Alma greatly were procured To make there longer sojourn and abode. Spenser.

Page 1143

4. To cause to come; to bring; to attract. [Obs.]

What unaccustomed cause procures her hither? Shak.

5. To obtain for illicit intercourse or prostitution. Syn. -- See Attain.

Procure

Pro*cure" (?), v. i.

1. To pimp. Shak.

2. To manage business for another in court. [Scot.]

Procurement

Pro*cure"ment (?), n.

1. The act of procuring or obtaining; obtainment; attainment.

2. Efficient contrivance; management; agency.

They think it done By her procurement. Dryden.

Procurer

Pro*cur"er (?), n. [Cf. F. procureur.]

1. One who procures, or obtains; one who, or that which, brings on, or causes to be done, esp. by corrupt means.

2. One who procures the gratification of lust for another; a pimp; a pander. South.

Procuress

Pro*cur"ess, n. A female procurer, or pander.

Procyon

Pro"cy*on (?), n. [L., a constellation which rises before the Dog Star, Gr.

1. (Astron.) a star of the first magnitude in the constellation Canis Minor, or the Little Dog.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of mammals including the raccoon.

Prod

Prod (?), n. [Cf. Gael. & Ir. brod goad, prickle, sting, and E. brad, also W. procio to poke, thrust.]

1. A pointed instrument for pricking or puncturing, as a goad, an awl, a skewer, etc.

2. A prick or stab which a pointed instrument.

3. A light kind of crossbow; -- in the sense, often spelled prodd. Fairholt.

Prod

Prod, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prodded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prodding.] To thrust some pointed instrument into; to prick with something sharp; as, to prod a soldier with a bayonet; to prod oxen; hence, to goad, to incite, to worry; as, to prod a student. H. Taylor.

Prodd

Prodd (?), n. A crossbow. See Prod, 3.

Prodigal

Prod"i*gal (?), a. [L. prodigus, from prodigere to drive forth, to squander away; pro forward, forth + agere to drive; cf. F. prodigue. See Agent. ] Given to extravagant expenditure; expending money or other things without necessity; recklessly or viciously profuse; lavish; wasteful; not frugal or economical; as, a prodigal man; the prodigal son; prodigal giving; prodigal expenses.
In fighting fields [patriots] were prodigal of blood. Dryden.
Syn. -- Profuse; lavish; extravagant; squandering; wasteful. See Profuse.

Prodigal

Prod"i*gal, n. One who expends money extravagantly, viciously, or without necessity; one that is profuse or lavish in any expenditure; a waster; a spendthrift. "Noble prodigals of life." Trench.

Prodigality

Prod`i*gal"i*ty (?), n. [F. prodigalit\'82, L. prodigalitas. See Prodigal.] Extravagance in expenditure, particularly of money; excessive liberality; profusion; waste; -- opposed to frugality, economy, and parsimony."The prodigality of his wit." Dryden.

Prodigalize

Prod"i*gal*ize (?), v. i. To act as a prodigal; to spend liberally. Sherwood.

Prodigalize

Prod"i*gal*ize, v. t. To expend lavishly. Ld. Lytton.

Prodigally

Prod"i*gal*ly, adv. In a prodigal manner; with profusion of expense; extravagantly; wasteful; profusely; lavishly; as, an estate prodigally dissipated.
Nature not bounteous now, but lavish grows; Our paths with flowers she prodigally strows. Dryden.

Prodigate

Prod"i*gate (?), v. t. To squander. Thackeray.

Prodigence

Prod"i*gence (?), n. [L. prodigentia, fr. prodigens, p. pr. of prodigere. See Prodigal. ] Waste; profusion; prodigality. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Prodigious

Pro*di"gious (?), a. [L. prodigiosus, fr. prodigium a prodigy; cf. F. prodigieux. See Prodigy.]

1. Of the nature of a prodigy; marvelous; wonderful; portentous. [Obs. or R.] Spenser.

It is prodigious to have thunder in a clear sky. Sir T. Browne.

2. Extraordinary in bulk, extent, quantity, or degree; very great; vast; huge; immense; as, a prodigious mountain; a prodigious creature; a prodigious blunder. "Prodigious might." Milton. Syn. -- Huge; enormous; monstrous; portentous; marvelous; amazing; astonishing; extraordinary.

Prodigiously

Pro*di"gious*ly, adv.

1. Enormously; wonderfully; astonishingly; as, prodigiously great.

2. Very much; extremely; as, he was prodigiously pleased. [Colloq.] Pope.

Prodigiousness

Pro*di"gious*ness, n. The quality or state of being prodigious; the state of having qualities that excite wonder or astonishment; enormousness; vastness.

Prodigy

Prod"i*gy (?), n.; pl. Prodigies (#). [ L. prodigium; pro before + (perh.) a word appearing in adagium adage: cf. F. prodige. Cf. Adage. ]

1. Something extraordinary, or out of the usual course of nature, from which omens are drawn; a portent; as, eclipses and meteors were anciently deemed prodigies.

So many terrors, voices, prodigies, May warn thee, as a sure foregoing sign. Milton.

2. Anything so extraordinary as to excite wonder or astonishment; a marvel; as, a prodigy of learning.

3. A production out of ordinary course of nature; an abnormal development; a monster. B. Jonson. Syn. -- Wonder; miracle; portent; marvel; monster.

Prodition

Pro*di"tion (?), n. [L. proditio, from prodere to give forth, betray: cf. OF. prodition.] Disclosure; treachery; treason. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

Proitor

Pro"i*tor (?), n. [L.] A traitor. [Obs.]

Proditorious

Prod`i*to"ri*ous (?), a. [Cf. OF. proditoire.]

1. Treacherous; perfidious; traitorous. [Obs.] Daniel.

2. Apt to make unexpected revelations. [Obs.] "Nature is proditorious." Sir H. Wotton.

Proditory

Prod"i*to*ry (?), a. Treacherous. [Obs.]

Prodromal

Prod"ro*mal (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to prodromes; as, the prodromal stage of a disease.

Prodrome

Pro"drome (?), n. [Gr. prodrome.] A forerunner; a precursor.

Prodromous

Prod"ro*mous (?), a. Precursory. [R.]

Prodromus

Prod"ro*mus (?), n. [NL.]

1. A prodrome.

2. A preliminary course or publication; -- used esp. in the titles of elementary works.

Produce

Pro*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Produced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Producing (?).] [L. producere, productum, to bring forward, beget, produce; pro forward, forth + ducere to lead. See Duke.]

1. To bring forward; to lead forth; to offer to view or notice; to exhibit; to show; as, to produce a witness or evidence in court.

Produce your cause, saith the Lord. Isa. xli. 21.
Your parents did not produce you much into the world. Swift.

2. To bring forth, as young, or as a natural product or growth; to give birth to; to bear; to generate; to propagate; to yield; to furnish; as, the earth produces grass; trees produce fruit; the clouds produce rain.

This soil produces all sorts of palm trees. Sandys.
[They] produce prodigious births of body or mind. Milton.
The greatest jurist his country had produced. Macaulay.

3. To cause to be or to happen; to originate, as an effect or result; to bring about; as, disease produces pain; vice produces misery.

4. To give being or form to; to manufacture; to make; as, a manufacturer produces excellent wares.

5. To yield or furnish; to gain; as, money at interest produces an income; capital produces profit.

6. To draw out; to extend; to lengthen; to prolong; as, to produce a man's life to threescore. Sir T. Browne.

7. (Geom.) To extend; -- applied to a line, surface, or solid; as, to produce a side of a triangle.

Produce

Pro*duce", v. i. To yield or furnish appropriate offspring, crops, effects, consequences, or results.

Produce

Prod"uce (?; 277), n. That which is produced, brought forth, or yielded; product; yield; proceeds; result of labor, especially of agricultural labors; hence, specifically, agricultural products.

Producement

Pro*duce"ment (?), n. Production. [Obs.]

Producent

Pro*du"cent (?), n. [L. producens, p. pr.] One who produces, or offers to notice. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

Producer

Pro*du"cer (?), n.

1. One who produces, brings forth, or generates.

2. One who grows agricultural products, or manufactures crude materials into articles of use.

3. (Iron & Steel Manuf.) A furnace for producing combustible gas which is used for fuel.

Producibility

Pro*du`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being producible. Barrow.

Producible

Pro*du"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of being produced, brought forward, brought forth, generated, made, or extended. -- Pro*du"ci*ble*ness, n.

Product

Prod"uct (?), n. [L. productus, p. pr. of producere. See Produce.]

1. Anything that is produced, whether as the result of generation, growth, labor, or thought, or by the operation of involuntary causes; as, the products of the season, or of the farm; the products of manufactures; the products of the brain.

There are the product Of those ill-mated marriages. Milton.
These institutions are the products of enthusiasm. Burke.

2. (Math.) The number or sum obtained by adding one number or quantity to itself as many times as there are units in another number; the number resulting from the multiplication of two or more numbers; as, the product of the multiplication of 7 by 5 is 35. In general, the result of any kind of multiplication. See the Note under Multiplication. Syn. -- Produce; production; fruit; result; effect; consequence; outcome; work; performance.

Product

Pro*duct" (?), v. t.

1. To produce; to bring forward. "Producted to . . . examination." [Obs.] Foxe.

2. To lengthen out; to extend. [Obs.]

He that doth much . . . products his mortality. Hackett.

3. To produce; to make. [Obs.] Holinshed.

Productibility

Pro*duct`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state of being productible; producibility. Ruskin.

Productible

Pro*duct"i*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. productible.] Capable of being produced; producible.

Productile

Pro*duc"tile (?), a. [L. productilis, fr. producere to stretch out.] Capable of being extended or prolonged; extensible; ductile.

Production

Pro*duc"tion (?), n. [L. productio a lengthening, prolonging: cf. F. production. See Produce. ]

1. The act or process or producing, bringing forth, or exhibiting to view; as, the production of commodities, of a witness.

2. That which is produced, yielded, or made, whether naturally, or by the application of intelligence and labor; as, the productions of the earth; the productions of handicraft; the productions of intellect or genius.

3. The act of lengthening out or prolonging. Syn. -- Product; produce; fruit; work; performance; composition.

Productive

Pro*duc"tive (?), a. [F. productif, L. productivus fit for prolongation.]

1. Having the quality or power of producing; yielding or furnishing results; as, productive soil; productive enterprises; productive labor, that which increases the number or amount of products.

2. Bringing into being; causing to exist; producing; originative; as, an age productive of great men; a spirit productive of heroic achievements.

And kindle with thy own productive fire. Dryden.
This is turning nobility into a principle of virtue, and making it productive of merit. Spectator.

3. Producing, or able to produce, in large measure; fertile; profitable. -- Pro*duc"tive*ly, adv. -- Pro*duc"tive*ness, n.

Productivity

Pro`duc*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being productive; productiveness. Emerson.
Not indeed as the product, but as the producing power, the productivity. Coleridge.

Productress

Pro*duc"tress (?), n. A female producer.

Productus

Pro*duc"tus (?), n. [NL. See Product.] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of brachiopods, very characteristic of the Carboniferous rocks.

Proeguminal

Pro`e*gu"mi*nal (?), a. [Gr. pro\'82gum\'8ane.] (Med.) Serving to predispose; predisposing; as, a proeguminal cause of disease.

Proem

Pro"em (?), n. [L. prooemium, Gr. pro\'8ame.] Preface; introduction; preliminary observations; prelude.
Thus much may serve by way of proem. Swift.

Proem

Pro"em, v. t. To preface. [Obs.] South.

Proembryo

Pro*em"bry*o (?), n. [Pref. pro- + embryo. ] (Bot.) (a) The series of cells formed in the ovule of a flowering plant after fertilization, but before the formation of the embryo. (b) The primary growth from the spore in certain cryptogamous plants; as, the proembryo, or protonema, of mosses.

Proemial

Pro*e"mi*al (?), a. Introductory; prefatory; preliminary. [R.] Hammond.

Proemptosis

Pro`emp*to"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Chron.) The addition of a day to the lunar calendar. [R.] See Metemptosis.

Proface

Pro"face (?), interj. [OF. prou face, prou fasse; prou profit + faire to make, do.] Much good may it do you! -- a familiar salutation or welcome. [Obs.]
Master page, good master page, sit. Proface! Shak.

Profanate

Prof"a*nate (?), v. t. To profane. [Obs.]

Profanation

Prof`a*na"tion (?), n. [L. profanatio: cf. F. profanation. See Profane, v. t.]

1. The act of violating sacred things, or of treating them with contempt or irreverence; irreverent or too familiar treatment or use of what is sacred; desecration; as, the profanation of the Sabbath; the profanation of a sanctuary; the profanation of the name of God.

2. The act of treating with abuse or disrespect, or with undue publicity, or lack of delicacy.

'T were profanation of our joys To tell the laity our love. Donne.

Profane

Pro*fane" (?), a. [F., fr. L. profanus, properly, before the temple, i. e., without the temple, unholy; pro before + fanum temple. See 1st Fane.]

1. Not sacred or holy; not possessing peculiar sanctity; unconsecrated; hence, relating to matters other than sacred; secular; -- opposed to sacred, religious, or inspired; as, a profane place. "Profane authors." I. Disraeli.

The profane wreath was suspended before the shrine. Gibbon.

2. Unclean; impure; polluted; unholy.

Nothing is profane that serveth to holy things. Sir W. Raleigh.

3. Treating sacred things with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity; irreverent; impious. Hence, specifically; Irreverent in language; taking the name of God in vain; given to swearing; blasphemous; as, a profane person, word, oath, or tongue. 1 Tim. i. 9. Syn. -- Secular; temporal; worldly; unsanctified; unhallowed; unholy; irreligious; irreverent; ungodly; wicked; godless; impious. See Impious.

Profane

Pro*fane", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Profaned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Profaning.] [L. profanare: cf. F. profaner. See Profane, a.]

1. To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate; to pollute; as, to profane the name of God; to profane the Scriptures, or the ordinance of God.

The priests in the temple profane the sabbath. Matt. xii. 5.

2. To put to a wrong or unworthy use; to make a base employment of; to debase; to abuse; to defile.

So idly to profane the precious time. Shak.

Profanely

Pro*fane"ly, adv. In a profane manner.
The character of God profanely impeached. Dr. T. Dwight.

Profaneness

Pro*fane"ness, n. The quality or state of being profane; especially, the use of profane language.

Profaner

Pro*fan"er (?), n. One who treats sacred things with irreverence, or defiles what is holy; one who uses profane language. Hooker.

Profanity

Pro*fan"i*ty (?), n. [L. profanitas.]

1. The quality or state of being profane; profaneness; irreverence; esp., the use of profane language; blasphemy.

2. That which is profane; profane language or acts.

The brisk interchange of profanity and folly. Buckminster.

Profection

Pro*fec"tion (?), n. [See Proficient.] A setting out; a going forward; advance; progression. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Profectitious

Pro`fec*ti"tious (?), a. [L. profectitius, fr. proficisci to set out, proceed.] Proceeding from, as from a parent; derived, as from an ancestor. [R.]
The threefold distinction of profectitious, adventitious, and professional was ascertained. Gibbon.

Profert

Pro"fert (?), n. [L., he brings forward, 3d pers. pr. of proferre. See Proffer. ] (Law) The exhibition or production of a record or paper in open court, or an allegation that it is in court.

Profess

Pro*fess" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Professed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Professing.] [F. prof\'8as, masc., professe, fem., professed (monk or nun), L. professus, p. p. of profiteri to profess; pro before, forward + fateri to confess, own. See Confess.]

1. To make open declaration of, as of one's knowledge, belief, action, etc.; to avow or acknowledge; to confess publicly; to own or admit freely. "Hear me profess sincerely." Shak.

The best and wisest of them all professed To know this only, that he nothing knew. Milton.

Page 1144

2. To set up a claim to; to make presence to; hence, to put on or present an appearance of.

I do profess to be no less than I seem. Shak.

3. To present to knowledge of, to proclaim one's self versed in; to make one's self a teacher or practitioner of, to set up as an authority respecting; to declare (one's self to be such); as, he professes surgery; to profess one's self a physician.

Profess

Pro*fess" (?), v. i.

1. To take a profession upon one's self by a public declaration; to confess. Drayton.

2. To declare friendship. [Obs.] Shak.

Provessel

Pro*vessel" (?), a. Openly declared, avowed, acknowledged, or claimed; as, a professed foe; a professed tyrant; a professed Christian. The professed (R. C. Ch.) , a certain class among the Jesuits bound by a special vow. See the note under Jesuit.

Professedly

Pro*fess"ed*ly (?), adv. By profession.

Profession

Pro*fes"sion (?), n. [F., fr. L. professio. See Profess, v.]

1. The act of professing or claiming; open declaration; public avowal or acknowledgment; as, professions of friendship; a profession of faith.

A solemn vow, promise, and profession. Bk. of Com. Prayer.

2. That which one professed; a declaration; an avowal; a claim; as, his professions are insincere.

The Indians quickly perceive the coincidence or the contradiction between professions and conduct. J. Morse.

3. That of which one professed knowledge; the occupation, if not mechanical, agricultural, or the like, to which one devotes one's self; the business which one professes to understand, and to follow for subsistence; calling; vocation; employment; as, the profession of arms; the profession of a clergyman, lawyer, or physician; the profession of lecturer on chemistry.

Hi tried five or six professions in turn. Macaulay.
&hand; The three professions, or learned professions, are, especially, theology, law, and medicine.

4. The collective body of persons engaged in a calling; as, the profession distrust him.

5. (Eccl. Law.) The act of entering, or becoming a member of, a religious order.

Professional

Pro*fes"sion*al (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to a profession, or calling; conforming to the rules or standards of a profession; following a profession; as, professional knowledge; professional conduct. "Pride, not personal, but professional." Macaulay. "A professional sneerer." De Quincey.

2. Engaged in by professionals; as, a professional race; -- opposed to amateur.

Professional

Pro*fes"sion*al, n. A person who prosecutes anything professionally, or for a livelihood, and not in the character of an amateur; a professional worker.

Professionalism

Pro*fes"sion*al*ism (?), n. The following of a profession, sport, etc., as an occupation; -- opposed to amateurism.

Professionalist

Pro*fes"sion*al*ist, n. professional person. [R.]

Professionally

Pro*fes"sion*al*ly, adv. In a professional manner or capacity; by profession or calling; in the exercise of one's profession; one employed professionally.

Professor

Pro*fess"or (?), n. [L., a teacher, a public teacher: cf. F. professeur. See Profess.]

1. One who professed, or makes open declaration of, his sentiments or opinions; especially, one who makes a public avowal of his belief in the Scriptures and his faith in Christ, and thus unites himself to the visible church. "Professors of religion." Bacon.

2. One who professed, or publicly teaches, any science or branch of learning; especially, an officer in a university, college, or other seminary, whose business it is to read lectures, or instruct students, in a particular branch of learning; as a professor of theology, of botany, of mathematics, or of political economy.

Professorial

Pro`fes*so"ri*al (?), a. [L. professorius: cf. F. professorial.] Of or pertaining to a professor; as, the professional chair; professional interest.

Professorialism

Pro`fes*so"ri*al*ism (?), n. The character, manners, or habits of a professor. [R.]

Professoriat

Pro`fes*so"ri*at (?), n. See Professoriate.

Professoriate

Pro`fes*so"ri*ate (?), n.

1. The body of professors, or the professorial staff, in a university or college.

2. A professorship.

Professorship

Pro*fess"or*ship (?), n. The office or position of a professor, or public teacher. Walton.

Professory

Pro*fes"so*ry (?), a. [L. professorius.] Of or pertaining to a professor; professorial. [R.] Bacon.

Proffer

Prof"fer (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proffered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proffering.] [OE. profren, proferen, F. prof\'82rer, fr. L. proferre to bring forth or forward, to offer; pro forward + ferre to bring. See Bear to produce.]

1. To offer for acceptance; to propose to give; to make a tender of; as, to proffer a gift; to proffer services; to proffer friendship. Shak.

I reck not what wrong that thou me profre. Chaucer.

2. To essay or attempt of one's own accord; to undertake, or propose to undertake. [R.] Milton.

Proffer

Prof"fer, n.

1. An offer made; something proposed for acceptance by another; a tender; as, proffers of peace or friendship.

He made a proffer to lay down his commission. Clarendon.

2. Essay; attempt. [R.] Bacon.

Profferer

Prof"fer*er (?), n. One who proffers something.

Proficience, Proficiency

Pro*fi"cience (?), Pro*fi"cien*cy (?), n. The quality of state of being proficient; advance in the acquisition of any art, science, or knowledge; progression in knowledge; improvement; adeptness; as, to acquire proficiency in music.

Proficient

Pro*fi"cient (?), n. [L. proficiens, -entis, p. pr. of proficere to go forward, make progress; pro forward + facere to make. See Fact, and cf. Profit, ( One who has made considerable advances in any business, art, science, or branch of learning; an expert; an adept; as, proficient in a trade; a proficient in mathematics, music, etc.

Proficient

Pro*fi"cient (?), a. Well advanced in any branch of knowledge or skill; possessed of considerable acquirements; well-skilled; versed; adept,

Proficiently

Pro*fi"cient*ly, adv. In a proficient manner.

Proficuous

Pro*fic"u*ous (?), a. [L. proficuus.] Profitable; advantageous; useful. [Obs.] Harvey.

Profile

Pro"file (?), n. [It. profilo, fr. L. pro before + filum a thread, an outline, shape: cf. F. profil. See File arow, and cf. Purfle, Purl, a fringe.]

1. An outline, or contour; as, the profile of an apple.

2. (Paint & Sculp.) A human head represented sidewise, or in a side view; the side face or half face.

3. (a) (Arch.) A section of any member, made at right angles with its main lines, showing the exact shape of moldings and the like. (b) (Civil Engin.) A drawing exhibiting a vertical section of the ground along a surveyed line, or graded work, as of a railway, showing elevations, depressions, grades, etc. <-- 4. a short biography. 5. [NW10] a set of data, often in graphical form, describing some significant features of something (e.g. a person, corporation); esp. a graph showing the results of tests ot some attribute of a person. 6. public notice, used esp. in the phrase "(keep/maintain) a low profile", i.e. avoid public notice, avoid publicity. --> Profile paper (Civil Engin.), paper ruled with vertical and horizontal lines forming small oblong rectangles, adapted for drawing profiles.<-- = graph paper? -->

Profile

Pro"file, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Profiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Profiling] [Cf. F. profiler, It. profilare. See Profile, n.]

1. to draw the outline of; to draw in profile, as an architectural member.

2. (Mech.) To shape the outline of an object by passing a cutter around it. Profiling machine, a jigging machine.

Profiling

Pro"fil*ing, n. (Fort.) In the construction of fieldworks, the erection at proper intervals of wooden profiles, to show to the workmen the sectional form of the parapets at those points.

Profilist

Pro"fil*ist, n. One who takes profiles.

Profit

Pro"fit (?), n. [F., fr. L. profectus advance, progress, profit, fr. profectum. See Proficient.]

1. Acquisition beyond expenditure; excess of value received for producing, keeping, or selling, over cost; hence, pecuniary gain in any transaction or occupation; emolument; as, a profit on the sale of goods.

Let no man anticipate uncertain profits. Rambler.

2. Accession of good; valuable results; useful consequences; benefit; avail; gain; as, an office of profit,

This I speak for your own profit. 1 Cor. vii. 35.
If you dare do yourself a profit and a right. Shak.
Syn. -- Benefit; avail; service; improvement; advancement; gain; emolument.

Profit

Prof"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Profited; p. pr. & vb. n. Profiting.] [F. profiter. See Profit, n.] To be of service to; to be good to; to help on; to benefit; to advantage; to avail; to aid; as, truth profits all men.
The word preached did not profit them. Heb. iv. 2.
It is a great means of profiting yourself, to copy diligently excellent pieces and beautiful designs. Dryden.

Profit

Prof"it, v. i.

1. To gain advantage; to make improvement; to improve; to gain; to advance.

I profit not by thy talk. Shak.

2. To be of use or advantage; to do or bring good.

Riches profit not in the day of wrath. Prov. xi. 4.

Profitable

Prof"it*a*ble (?), a. [F. profitable.] Yielding or bringing profit or gain; gainful; lucrative; useful; helpful; advantageous; beneficial; as, a profitable trade; profitable business; a profitable study or profession.
What was so profitable to the empire became fatal to the emperor. Arbuthnot.
-- Prof"it*a*ble*ness, n. -- Prof"it*a*bly, adv.

Profiting

Prof"it*ing, n. Gain; advantage; profit.
That thy profiting may appear to all. 1 Tim. iv. 15.

Profitless

Prof"it*less, a. Without profit; unprofitable. Shak.

Profligacy

Prof"li*ga*cy (?), n. [See Profligate, a.] The quality of state of being profligate; a profligate or very vicious course of life; a state of being abandoned in moral principle and in vice; dissoluteness.

Profligate

Prof"li*gate (?), a. [L. profligatus, p. p. of profligare to strike or dash to the ground, to destroy; pro before + a word akin to fligere to strike. See Afflict.]

1. Overthrown; beaten; conquered. [Obs.]

The foe is profligate, and run. Hudibras.

2. Broken down in respect of rectitude, principle, virtue, or decency; openly and shamelessly immoral or vicious; dissolute; as, profligate man or wretch.

A race more profligate than we. Roscommon.
Made prostitute and profligate muse. Dryden.
Syn. -- Abandoned; corrupt; dissolute; vitiated; depraved; vicious; wicked. See Abandoned.

Profligate

Prof"li*gate, n. An abandoned person; one openly and shamelessly vicious; a dissolute person. "Such a profligate as Antony." Swift.

Profligate

Prof"li*gate (?), v. t. To drive away; to overcome. [A Latinism] [Obs.] Harvey.

Profligately

Prof"li*gate*ly (?), adv. In a profligate manner.

Profligateness

Prof"li*gate*ness, n. The quality of being profligate; an abandoned course of life; profligacy.

Profligation

Prof`li*ga"tion (?), n. [L. profligatio.] Defeat; rout; overthrow. [Obs.] Bacon.

Profluence

Prof"lu*ence (?), n. [L. profluentia.] Quality of being profluent; course. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.

Profluent

Prof"lu*ent (?), a. [L. profluens, p. pr. of profluere; pro forward + fluere to flow.] Flowing forward, [R.] "In the profluent stream." Milton.

Profound

Pro*found", a. [F. profond, L. profundus; pro before, forward + fundus the bottom. See Found to establish, Bottom lowest part.]

1. Descending far below the surface; opening or reaching to a great depth; deep. "A gulf profound." Milton.

2. Intellectually deep; entering far into subjects; reaching to the bottom of a matter, or of a branch of learning; thorough; as, a profound investigation or treatise; a profound scholar; profound wisdom.

3. Characterized by intensity; deeply felt; pervading; overmastering; far-reaching; strongly impressed; as, a profound sleep. "Profound sciatica." Shak.

Of the profound corruption of this class there can be no doubt. Milman.

4. Bending low, exhibiting or expressing deep humility; lowly; submissive; as, a profound bow.

What humble gestures! What profound reverence! Dupp

Profound

Pro*found" (?), n.

1. The deep; the sea; the ocean.

God in the fathomless profound Hath all this choice commanders drowned. Sandys.

2. An abyss. Milton.

Profound

Pro*found", v. t. To cause to sink deeply; to cause to dive or penetrate far down. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Profound

Pro*found", v. i. To dive deeply; to penetrate. [Obs.]

Profoundly

Pro*found"ly, adv. In a profound manner.
Why sigh you so profoundly? Shak.

Profoundness

Pro*found"ness, n. The quality or state of being profound; profundity; depth. Hooker.

Profulgent

Pro*ful"gent (?), a. [Pref. pro- + L. fulgere to shine.] Shining forth; brilliant; effulgent. [Obs.] "Profulgent in preciousness." Chaucer.

Profundity

Pro*fun"di*ty (?), n.; pl. -ties (#). [L. profunditas: cf. F. profondite. See Profound.] The quality or state of being profound; depth of place, knowledge, feeling, etc. "The vast profundity obscure." Milton.

Profuse

Pro*fuse" (?), a. [L. profusus, p. p. of profundere to pour forth or out; pro forward, forth + fundere to pour: cf. F. profus. See Fuse to melt.]

1. Pouring forth with fullness or exuberance; bountiful; exceedingly liberal; giving without stint; as, a profuse government; profuse hospitality.

A green, shady bank, profuse of flowers. Milton.

2. Superabundant; excessive; prodigal; lavish; as, profuse expenditure. "Profuse ornament." Kames. Syn. -- Lavish; exuberant; bountiful; prodigal; extravagant. -- Profuse, Lavish, Prodigal. Profuse denotes pouring out (as money, etc.) with great fullness or freeness; as, profuse in his expenditures, thanks, promises, etc. Lavish is stronger, implying unnecessary or wasteful excess; as, lavish of his bounties, favors, praises, etc. Prodigal is stronger still, denoting unmeasured or reckless profusion; as, prodigal of one's strength, life, or blood, to secure some object. Dryden.

Profuse

Pro*fuse" (?), v. t. To pour out; to give or spend liberally; to lavish; to squander. [Obs.] Chapman.

Profusely

Pro*fuse"ly (?), adv. In a profuse manner.

Profuseness

Pro*fuse"ness, n. Extravagance; profusion.
Hospitality sometimes degenerates into profuseness. Atterbury.

Profusion

Pro*fu"sion (?), n. [L. profusio: cf. F. profusion.]

1. The act of one who is profuse; a lavishing or pouring out without sting.

Thy vast profusion to the factious nobles? Rowe.

2. Abundance; exuberant plenty; lavish supply; as, a profusion of commodities. Addison.

Profusive

Pro*fu"sive (?), a. Profuse; lavish; prodigal.[Obs.]

Prog

Prog (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Progged (. p. pr. & vb. n. Progging.] [Cf. D. prachen, G. prachern, Dan. prakke, Sw. pracka, to beg, L. procare, procari, to ask, demand, and E. prowl.]

1. To wander about and beg; to seek food or other supplies by low arts; to seek for advantage by mean shift or tricks. [Low]

A perfect artist in progging for money. Fuller.
I have been endeavoring to prog for you. Burke.

2. To steal; to rob; to filch. [Low] Johnson.

3. To prick; to goad; to progue. [Scot.]

Prog

Prog, n.

1. Victuals got by begging, or vagrancy; victuals of any kind; food; supplies. [Slang] Swift.

So long as he picked from the filth his prog. R. Browning.

2. A vagrant beggar; a tramp. [Slang]

3. A goal; progue. [Scot.]

Progenerate

Pro*gen"er*ate (?), v. t. [L. progeneratus, p. p. of progenerare to beget; pro forth, forward + generare to generate.] To beget; to generate; to produce; to procreate; as, to progenerate a race. [R.] Landor.

Progeneration

Pro*gen`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. progeneratio.] The act of begetting; propagation. [R.]

Progenitor

Pro*gen"i*tor (?), n. [OF. progeniteur, L. progenitor, fr. progignere, progenitum, to bring forth, to beget; pro forth + gignere to beget. See Gender kind.] An ancestor in the direct line; a forefather.
And reverence thee their great progenitor. Milton.

Progenitorship

Pro*gen"i*tor*ship, n. The state of being a progenitor.

Progenitress

Pro*gen"i*tress (?), n. A female progenitor.

Progeniture

Pro*gen"i*ture (?), n. [F. prog\'82niture.] A begetting, or birth. [R.]

Progeny

Prog"e*ny (?), n. [OE. progenie, F. prog\'82nie, fr. L. progenies, fr. progignere. See Progenitor.] Descendants of the human kind, or offspring of other animals; children; offspring; race, lineage. " Issued from the progeny of kings." Shak.

Proglottid

Pro*glot"tid (?), n. (Zo\'94l) Proglottis.

Proglottis

Pro*glot"tis (?), n.; pl. Proglottides (#). [NL. fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l) One of the free, or nearly free, segments of a tapeworm. It contains both male and female reproductive organs, and is capable of a brief independent existence.

Prognathi

Prog"na*thi (?), n. pl. [NL. See Prognathous.] (Zo\'94l) A comprehensive group of mankind, including those that have prognathous jaws.

Prognathic

Prog*nath"ic, a. (Anat.) Prognathous.

Prognathism

Prog"na*thism (?), n. (Anat.) Projection of the jaws. -- Prog"na*thy (#), n. <-- why not a dual-headword here? -->

Prognathous

Prog"na*thous (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Having the jaws projecting beyond the upper part of the face; -- opposed to orthognathous. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic.
Their countenances had the true prognathous character. Kane.

Page 1145

Progne

Prog"ne (?), n. [L., a swallow, traditionally said to be fr. Progne (The sister of Philomela), who was changed into a swallow, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A swallow. (b) A genus of swallows including the purple martin. See Martin. (c) An American butterfly (Polygonia, ∨ Vanessa, Progne). It is orange and black above, grayish beneath, with an L-shaped silver mark on the hind wings. Called also gray comma.

Prognosis

Prog*no"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Know.] (Med.) The act or art of foretelling the course and termination of a disease; also, the outlook afforded by this act of judgment; as, the prognosis of hydrophobia is bad.

Prosnostic

Pros*nos"tic (?), a. [Gr. Prognosis.] Indicating something future by signs or symptoms; foreshowing; aiding in prognosis; as, the prognostic symptoms of a disease; prognostic signs.

Prognostic

Prog*nos"tic, n. [L. prognosticum, Gr. pronostic, prognostic. See Prognostic, a.]

1. That which prognosticates; a sign by which a future event may be known or foretold; an indication; a sign or omen; hence, a foretelling; a prediction.

That choice would inevitably be considered by the country as a prognostic of the highest import. Macaulay.

2. (Med.) A sign or symptom indicating the course and termination of a disease. Parr. Syn. -- Sign; omen; presage; token; indication.

Prognostic

Prog*nos"tic, v. t. To prognosticate. [Obs.]

Prognosticable

Prog*nos"tic*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being prognosticated or foretold. Sir T. Browne.

Prognosticate

Prog*nos"ti*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prognosticated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prognosticating.] [See Prognostic.] To indicate as future; to foretell from signs or symptoms; to prophesy; to foreshow; to predict; as, to prognosticate evil. Burke.
I neither will nor can prognosticate To the young gaping heir his father's fate. Dryden.
Syn. -- To foreshow; foretoken; betoken; forebode; presage; predict; prophesy.

Prognostication

Prog*nos`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. prognostication.]

1. The act of foreshowing or foretelling something future by present signs; prediction.

2. That which foreshows; a foretoken. Shak.

Prognosticator

Prog*nos"ti*ca`tor (?), n. One who prognosticates; a foreknower or foreteller of a future course or event by present signs. Isa. xlvii. 13.

Program

Pro"gram (?), n. Same as Programme.

Programma

Pro*gram"ma (?), n.; pl. Programmata (#). [ L. See Programme.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.) Any law, which, after it had passed the Athenian senate, was fixed on a tablet for public inspection previously to its being proposed to the general assembly of the people.

2. An edict published for public information; an official bulletin; a public proclamation.

3. See Programme.

4. A preface. [Obs.] T. Warton.

Programme

Pro"gramme (?), n. [L. programma a public proclamation, manifesto, Gr. programme. See Graphic.] That which is written or printed as a public notice or advertisement; a scheme; a prospectus; especially, a brief outline or explanation of the order to be pursued, or the subjects embraced, in any public exercise, performance, or entertainment; a preliminary sketch. Programme music (Mus.), descriptive instrumental music which requires an argument or programme to explain the meaning of its several movements.

Progress

Prog"ress (?; 277), n. [L. progressus, from progredi, p. p. progressus, to go forth or forward; pro forward + gradi to step, go: cf. F. progr\'8as. See Grade.] <-- each subdefinition implicitly begins with "a moving forward . . . " -->

1. A moving or going forward; a proceeding onward; an advance; specifically: (a) In actual space, as the progress of a ship, carriage, etc. (b) In the growth of an animal or plant; increase. (c) In business of any kind; as, the progress of a negotiation; the progress of art. (d) In knowledge; in proficiency; as, the progress of a child at school. (e) Toward ideal completeness or perfection in respect of quality or condition; -- applied to individuals, communities, or the race; as, social, moral, religious, or political progress.

2. A journey of state; a circuit; especially, one made by a sovereign through parts of his own dominions.

The king being returned from his progresse. Evelyn.
<-- sic. -->

Progress

Pro*gress" (?; formerly pronounced like Progress, n.), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Progressed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Progressing.]

1. To make progress; to move forward in space; to continue onward in course; to proceed; to advance; to go on; as, railroads are progressing. "As his recovery progressed." Thackeray.

Let me wipe off this honorable dew, That silverly doth progress on thy checks. Shak.
They progress in that style in proportion as their pieces are treated with contempt. Washington.
The war had progressed for some time. Marshall.

2. To make improvement; to advance. Bayard.

If man progresses, art must progress too. Caird.

Progress

Prog"ress (?; see Progress, v. i.), v. t. To make progress in; to pass through. [Obs.] Milton.

Progression

Pro*gres"sion (?), n. [L. progressio: cf. F. progression.]

1. The act of moving forward; a proceeding in a course; motion onward.

2. Course; passage; lapse or process of time.

I hope, in a short progression, you will be wholly immerged in the delices and joys of religion. Evelyn.

3. (Math.) Regular or proportional advance in increase or decrease of numbers; continued proportion, arithmetical, geometrical, or harmonic.

4. (Mus.) A regular succession of tones or chords; the movement of the parts in harmony; the order of the modulations in a piece from key to key. Arithmetical progression, a progression in which the terms increase or decrease by equal differences, as the numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 1010, 8, 6, 4, 2 -- Geometrical progression, a progression in which the terms increase or decrease by equal ratios, as the numbers 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 6464, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 -- Harmonic progression, a progression in which the terms are the reciprocals of quantities in arithmetical progression, as

Progressional

Pro*gres"sion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to progression; tending to, or capable of, progress.

Progressionist

Pro*gres"sion*ist, n.

1. One who holds to a belief in the progression of society toward perfection.

2. One who maintains the doctrine of progression in organic forms; -- opposed to uniformitarian. H. Spencer.

Progressist

Prog"ress*ist (?), n. One who makes, or holds to, progress; a progressionist.

Progressive

Pro*gress"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. progressif.]

1. Moving forward; proceeding onward; advancing; evincing progress; increasing; as, progressive motion or course; -- opposed to retrograde.

2. Improving; as, art is in a progressive state. Progressive euchre ∨ whist, a way of playing at card parties, by which after every game, the losers at the first table go to the last table, and the winners at all the tables, except the first, move up to the next table. -- Progressive muscular atrophy (Med.), a nervous disorder characterized by continuous atrophy of the muscles. -- Pro*gress"ive*ly, adv. -- Pro*gress"ive*ness, n.

Progue

Progue (?), v. i. To prog. [Obs.] P. Fletcher.

Progue

Progue, n. A sharp point; a goad. [ Scot. & Local, U. S.] -- v. t. To prick; to goad. [ Scot. & Local, U. S.].

Proheme

Pro"heme (?), n. Proem. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Prohibit

Pro*hib"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prohibited; p. pr. & vb. n. Prohibiting.] [L. prohibitus, p. p. of prohibere to prohibit; pro before, forth + habere to have, hold. See Habit.]

1. To forbid by authority; to interdict; as, God prohibited Adam from eating of the fruit of a certain tree; we prohibit a person from doing a thing, and also the doing of the thing; as, the law prohibits men from stealing, or it prohibits stealing. &hand; Prohibit was formerly followed by to with the infinitive, but is now commonly followed by from with the verbal noun in -ing.

2. To hinder; to debar; to prevent; to preclude.

Gates of burning adamant, Barred over us, prohibit all egress. Milton.
Syn. -- To forbid; interdict; debar; prevent; hinder. -- Prohibit, Forbid. To forbid is Anglo-Saxon, and is more familiar; to prohibit is Latin, and is more formal or official. A parent forbids his child to be out late at night; he prohibits his intercourse with the profane and vicious.

Prohibiter

Pro*hib"it*er (?), n. One who prohibits or forbids; a forbidder; an interdicter.

Prohibition

Pro`hi*bi"tion (?), n. [L. prohibitio: cf. F. prohibition.]

1. The act of prohibiting; a declaration or injunction forbidding some action; interdict.

The law of God, in the ten commandments, consists mostly of prohibitions. Tillotson.

2. Specifically, the forbidding by law of the sale of alcoholic liquors as beverages. Writ of prohibition (Law), a writ issued by a superior tribunal, directed to an inferior court, commanding the latter to cease from the prosecution of a suit depending before it. Blackstone. &hand; By ellipsis, prohibition is used for the writ itself.

Prohibitionist

Pro`hi*bi"tion*ist, n.

1. One who favors prohibitory duties on foreign goods in commerce; a protectionist.

2. One who favors the prohibition of the sale (or of the sale and manufacture) of alcoholic liquors as beverages.

Prohibitive

Pro*hib"it*ive, a. [Cf. F. prohibitif.] That prohibits; prohibitory; as, a tax whose effect is prohibitive.

Prohibitory

Pro*hib"it*o*ry (?), a. [L. prohibitorius.] Tending to prohibit, forbid, or exclude; implying prohibition; forbidding; as, a prohibitory law; a prohibitory price. <-- in the latter sense (price or cost) usu. prohibitive. --> Prohibitory index. (R. C. Ch.) See under Index.

Proin

Proin (proin), v. t. [See Prune to trim.] To lop; to trim; to prune; to adorn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
The sprigs that did about it grow He proined from the leafy arms. Chapman.

Proin

Proin, v. i. To employed in pruning. [Obs.]

Project

Proj"ect (?; 277), n. [OF. project, F. projet, fr. L. projectus, p. p. of projicere to project; pro forward + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth, and cf. Projet.]

1. The place from which a thing projects, or starts forth. [Obs.] Holland.

2. That which is projected or designed; something intended or devised; a scheme; a design; a plan.

Vented much policy, and projects deep. Milton.
Projects of happiness devised by human reason. Rogers.
He entered into the project with his customary ardor. Prescott.

3. An idle scheme; an impracticable design; as, a man given to projects. Syn. -- Design; scheme; plan; purpose. -- Project, Design. A project is something of a practical nature thrown out for consideration as to its being done. A design is a project when matured and settled, as a thing to be accomplished. An ingenious man has many projects, but, if governed by sound sense, will be slow in forming them into designs. See also Scheme.

Project

Pro*ject" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Projected; p. pr. & vb. n. Projecting.] [Cf. OF. projecter, F. projeter.]

1. To throw or cast forward; to shoot forth.

Before his feet herself she did project. Spenser.
Behold! th' ascending villas on my side Project long shadows o'er the crystal tide. Pope.

2. To cast forward or revolve in the mind; to contrive; to devise; to scheme; as, to project a plan.

What sit then projecting peace and war? Milton.

3. (Persp.) To draw or exhibit, as the form of anything; to delineate; as, to project a sphere, a map, an ellipse, and the like; -- sometimes with on, upon, into, etc.; as, to project a line or point upon a plane. See Projection, 4.

Project

Pro*ject" (?), v. i.

1. To shoot forward; to extend beyond something else; to be prominent; to jut; as, the cornice projects; branches project from the tree.

2. To form a project; to scheme. [R.] Fuller.

Projectile

Pro*ject"ile (?), a. [Cf. F. projectile.]

1. Projecting or impelling forward; as, a projectile force.

2. Caused or imparted by impulse or projection; impelled forward; as, projectile motion. Arbuthnot.

Projectile

Pro*ject"ile, n. [Cf. F. projectile.]

1. A body projected, or impelled forward, by force; especially, a missile adapted to be shot from a firearm.

2. pl. (Mech.) A part of mechanics which treats of the motion, range, time of flight, etc., of bodies thrown or driven through the air by an impelling force.<-- = ballistics? --> <-- projectile vomiting, vomiting with such force as to expel the vomitus over a distance. -->

Projection

Pro*jec"tion (?), n. [L. projectio: cf. F. projection.]

1. The act of throwing or shooting forward.

2. A jutting out; also, a part jutting out, as of a building; an extension beyond something else.

3. The act of scheming or planning; also, that which is planned; contrivance; design; plan. Davenant.

4. (Persp.) The representation of something; delineation; plan; especially, the representation of any object on a perspective plane, or such a delineation as would result were the chief points of the object thrown forward upon the plane, each in the direction of a line drawn through it from a given point of sight, or central point; as, the projection of a sphere. The several kinds of projection differ according to the assumed point of sight and plane of projection in each.

5. (Geog.) Any method of representing the surface of the earth upon a plane. Conical projection, a mode of representing the sphere, the spherical surface being projected upon the surface of a cone tangent to the sphere, the point of sight being at the center of the sphere. -- Cylindric projection, a mode of representing the sphere, the spherical surface being projected upon the surface of a cylinder touching the sphere, the point of sight being at the center of the sphere. -- Globular, Gnomonic, Orthographic, projection,etc. See under Globular, Gnomonic, etc. -- Mercator's projection, a mode of representing the sphere in which the meridians are drawn parallel to each other, and the parallels of latitude are straight lines whose distance from each other increases with their distance from the equator, so that at all places the degrees of latitude and longitude have to each other the same ratio as on the sphere itself. -- Oblique projection, a projection made by parallel lines drawn from every point of a figure and meeting the plane of projection obliquely. -- Polar projection, a projection of the sphere in which the point of sight is at the center, and the plane of projection passes through one of the polar circles. -- Powder of projection (Alchemy.), a certain powder cast into a crucible or other vessel containing prepared metal or other matter which is to be thereby transmuted into gold. -- Projection of a point on a plane (Descriptive Geom.), the foot of a perpendicular to the plane drawn through the point. -- Projection of a straight line of a plane, the straight line of the plane connecting the feet of the perpendiculars let fall from the extremities of the given line. Syn. -- See Protuberance. <-- projectionist. one who operates a projector[2]; esp. one who is employed to operate a movie projector in a movie theater -->

Projectment

Pro*ject"ment (?), n. Design; contrivance; projection. [Obs.] Clarendon.

Projector

Pro*ject"or (?), n. [Cf. F. projeteur.] One who projects a scheme or design; hence, one who forms fanciful or chimerical schemes. L'Estrange. <-- an optical instrument which projects an image from a transparency onto a projection screen or other surface, using an intense light and one or more lenses to focus the image. Slide projector; movie projector. Overhead projector. -->

Projecture

Pro*jec"ture (?), n. [L. projectura: cf. F. projecture.] A jutting out beyond a surface.

Projet

Pro`jet" (?), n. [F. See Project, n.] A plan proposed; a draft of a proposed measure; a project.

Proke

Proke (?), v. i. To poke; to thrust. [Obs.] Holland.

Prolapse

Pro*lapse" (?), n. [L. prolapsus, fr. prolapsus, p. p. of prolabi to fall forward; pro forward + labi to glide, fall.] (Med.) The falling down of a part through the orifice with which it is naturally connected, especially of the uterus or the rectum. Dunglison.

Prolapse

Pro*lapse", v. i. To fall down or out; to protrude.

Prolapsion

Pro*lap"sion (?), n. [L. prolapsio.] (Med.) Prolapse. [ Written also prolaption.] [Obs.]

Prolapsus

Pro*lap"sus (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Prolapse.

Prolate

Pro"late (?), a. [L. prolatus, used as p. p. of proferre to bring forth, to extend; pro + latus, p. p. See Pro-, and Tolerate. ] Stretched out; extended; especially, elongated in the direction of a line joining the poles; as, a prolate spheroid; -- opposed to oblate. Prolate cycloid. See the Note under Cycloid. -- Prolate ellipsoid ∨ spheroid (Geom.), a figure generated by the revolution of an ellipse about its major axis. See Ellipsoid of revolution, under Ellipsoid.

Prolate

Pro*late" (?), v. t. To utter; to pronounce. [Obs.] "Foun-der-ed; prolate it right." B. Jonson.

Prolation

Pro*la"tion (?), n. [L. prolatio: cf. F. prolation.]

1. The act of prolating or pronouncing; utterance; pronunciation. [Obs.] Ray.

2. The act of deferring; delay. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

3. (Mus.) A medi\'91val method of determining of the proportionate duration of semibreves and minims. Busby.

Prolatum

Pro*la"tum (?), n.; pl. Prolata (#). [ NL. See Prolate.] (Geom.) A prolate spheroid. See Ellipsoid of revolution, under Ellipsoid.

Proleg

Pro"leg (?), n. [Pref. pro- for, in place of + leg.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the fleshy legs found on the abdominal segments of the larv\'91 of Lepidoptera, sawflies, and some other insects. Those of Lepidoptera have a circle of hooks. Called also proped, propleg, and falseleg.

Prolegate

Pro"leg`ate (?; 48), n. [L. prolegatus; pro for + legatus legate.] (Rom. Hist.) The deputy or substitute for a legate.
Page 1146

Prolegomenary

Prol`e*gom"e*na*ry (?), a. Of the nature of a prolegomenon; preliminary; introductory; prefatory.

Prolegomenon

Prol`e*gom"e*non (?), n.; pl. Prolegomena (#). [ NL., fr. Gr. A preliminary remark or observation; an introductory discourse prefixed to a book or treatise. D. Stokes (1659). Sir W. Scott.

Prolepsis

Pro*lep"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Rhet.) (a) A figure by which objections are anticipated or prevented. Abp. Bramhall. (b) A necessary truth or assumption; a first or assumed principle.

2. (Chron.) An error in chronology, consisting in an event being dated before the actual time.

3. (Gram.) The application of an adjective to a noun in anticipation, or to denote the result, of the action of the verb; as, to strike one dumb.

Proleptic, Proleptical

Pro*lep"tic (?), Pro*lep"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. proleptique.]

1. Of or pertaining to prolepsis; anticipative. "A far-seeing or proleptic wisdom." De Quincey.

2. Previous; antecedent. Glanvill.

3. (Med.) Anticipating the usual time; -- applied to a periodical disease whose paroxysms return at an earlier hour at every repetition.

Proleptically

Pro*lep"tic*al*ly, adv. In a proleptical manner.

Proleptics

Pro*lep"tics (?), n. (Med.) The art and science of predicting in medicine. Laycock.

Prol\'82taire

Pro`l\'82`taire" (?), n. [F. See Proletary.] One of the common people; a low person; also, the common people as a class or estate in a country.

Proletaneous

Prol`e*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [L. proletaneus.] Having a numerous offspring. [R.]

Proletarian

Prol`e*ta"ri*an (?), a. [L. proletarius. See Proletary.] Of or pertaining to the proletaries; belonging to the commonalty; hence, mean; vile; vulgar. "Every citizen, if he were not a proletarian animal kept at the public cost." De Quincey. -- n. A proletary.

Proletariat

Prol`e*ta"ri*at (?), n. [F.] The indigent class in the State; the body of proletarians.

Proletariate

Prol`e*ta"ri*ate (?), n. The lower classes; beggars. "The Italian proletariate." J. A. Symonds.

Proletary

Prol"e*ta*ry (?), n.; pl. Proletaries (#). [ L. proletarius, fr. proles offspring. Cf. Prol\'82taire.] (Rom. Antiq.) A citizen of the lowest class, who served the state, not with property, but only by having children; hence, a common person.

Prolicide

Prol"i*cide (?), n. [L. proles offspring + caedere to kill.] The crime of destroying one's offspring, either in the womb or after birth. Bouvier.

Proliferate

Pro*lif"er*ate (?), v. t. [L. proles offspring + ferre to bear.]

1. (Biol.) To produce or form cells; especially, to produce cells rapidly.

2. (Zo\'94l.) To produce zooids by budding.

Proliferation

Pro*lif`er*a"tion (?), n.

1. (Biol.) The continuous development of cells in tissue formation; cell formation. Virchow.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The production of numerous zooids by budding, especially when buds arise from other buds in succession.

Proliferous

Pro*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. proles offspring + -ferous.]

1. (Bot.) Bearing offspring; -- applied to a flower from within which another is produced, or to a branch or frond from which another rises, or to a plant which is reproduced by buds or gemm\'91.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Producing young by budding. (b) Producing sexual zooids by budding; -- said of the blastostyle of a hydroid. (c) Producing a cluster of branchlets from a larger branch; -- said of corals. Proliferous cyst (Med.), a cyst that produces highly-organized or even vascular structures. Paget. -- Pro*lif"er*ous*ly, adv.

Prolific

Pro*lif"ic (?), a. [F. prolifique, fr. L. proles offspring (from pro for, forward + the root of alere to nourish) + facere to make. See Adult, Old, and Fact.]

1. Having the quality of generating; producing young or fruit; generative; fruitful; productive; -- applied to plants producing fruit, animals producing young, etc.; -- usually with the implied idea of frequent or numerous production; as, a prolific tree, female, and the like.

2. Serving to produce; fruitful of results; active; as, a prolific brain; a controversy prolific of evil.

3. (Bot.) Proliferous.

Prolificacy

Pro*lif"ic*a*cy (?), n. Prolificness. [R.]

Prolifical

Pro*lif"ic*al (?), a. Producing young or fruit abundantly; fruitful; prolific. -- Pro*lif"ic*al*ly, adv.

Prolificate

Pro*lif"ic*ate (?), v. t. [See Prolific.] To make prolific; to fertilize; to impregnate. Sir T. Browne.

Prolification

Pro*lif`i*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. prolification, LL. prolificatio.]

1. The generation of young.

2. (Bot.) Reproduction by the growth of a plant, or part of a plant, directly from an older one, or by gemm\'91.

Prolificness

Pro*lif"ic*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being prolific; fruitfulness; prolificacy.

Prolix

Pro*lix" (?; 277), a. [L. prolixus extended, long, prolix, probably fr. pro before, forward + liqui to flow, akin to liquidus liquid; cf. OL. lixa water: cf. F. prolixe. See Liquid.]

1. Extending to a great length; unnecessarily long; minute in narration or argument; excessively particular in detail; -- rarely used except with reference to discourse written or spoken; as, a prolix oration; a prolix poem; a prolix sermon.

With wig prolix, down flowing to his waist. Cowper.

2. Indulging in protracted discourse; tedious; wearisome; -- applied to a speaker or writer. Syn. -- Long; diffuse; prolonged; protracted; tedious; tiresome; wearisome. -- Prolix, Diffuse. A prolix writer delights in circumlocution, extended detail, and trifling particulars. A diffuse writer is fond of amplifying, and abounds in epithets, figures, and illustrations. Diffuseness often arises from an exuberance of imagination; prolixity is generally connected with a want of it.

Prolixious

Pro*lix"ious (?), a. Dilatory; tedious; superfluous. [Obs.] "Lay by all nicety, and prolixious blushes." Shak.

Prolixity

Pro*lix"i*ty (?), n. [L. prolixitas: cf. F. prolixit\'82.] The quality or state of being prolix; great length; minute detail; as, prolixity in discourses and writings. "For fulsomeness of his prolixitee." Chaucer.
Idly running on with vain prolixity. Drayton.

Prolixly

Pro*lix"ly, adv. In a prolix manner. Dryden.

Prolixness

Pro*lix"ness, n. Prolixity. Adam Smith.

Proll

Proll (?), v. t. [See Prowl.] [imp. & p. p. Prolled (; p. pr. & vb. n. Prolling.] To search or prowl after; to rob; to plunder. [Obs.] Barrow.

Proll

Proll, v. i. To prowl about; to rob. [Obs.] South.
Though ye prolle aye, ye shall it never find. Chaucer.

Proller

Proll"er (?), n. Prowler; thief. [Obs.] Chapman.

Prolocutor

Prol`o*cu"tor (?), n. [L., from proloqui, p. p. prolocutus, to speak out; pro for + loqui to speak.]

1. One who speaks for another. Jeffrey.

2. The presiding officer of a convocation. Macaulay.

Proocutorship

Pro`o*cu"tor*ship, n. The office of a prolocutor.

Prolog

Pro"log (?), n. & v. Prologue.

Prologize

Pro"lo*gize (?), v. i. [Gr. Prologue.] To deliver a Prologue. [R.] Whewell.

Prologizer

Pro"lo*gi`zer (?), n. One who prologizes. [R.]

Prologue

Pro"logue (?), n. [F., fr. L. prologus, fr. Gr. Logic.]

1. The preface or introduction to a discourse, poem, or performance; as, the prologue of Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales;" esp., a discourse or poem spoken before a dramatic performance

2. One who delivers a prologue. [R.] Shak.

Prologue

Pro"logue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prologued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prologuing.] To introduce with a formal preface, or prologue. [R.] Shak.

Prolong

Pro*long" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prolonged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prolonging.] [F. prolonger, L. prolongare; pro before, forth + longus long. See Long, a., and cf. Prolongate, Purloin. ]

1. To extend in space or length; as, to prolong a line.

2. To lengthen in time; to extend the duration of; to draw out; to continue; as, to prolong one's days.

Prolong awhile the traitor's life. Shak.
The unhappy queen with talk prolonged the night. Dryden.

3. To put off to a distant time; to postpone. Shak.

Prolongable

Pro*long"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being prolonged; as, life is prolongable by care.
Each syllable being a prolongable quantity. Rush.

Prolongate

Pro*lon"gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prolongated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prolongating.] [L. prolongatus, p. p. of prolongare. See Prolong.] To prolong; to extend in space or in time. [R.]

Prolongation

Pro`lon*ga"tion (?), n. [F. prolongation.]

1. The act of lengthening in space or in time; extension; protraction. Bacon.

2. That which forms an additional length.

Prolonge

Pro*longe" (?), n. [F. See Prolong.] (Field Artillery) A rope with a hook and a toggle, sometimes used to drag a gun carriage or to lash it to the limber, and for various other purposes.

Prolonger

Pro*long"er (?), n. One who, or that which, causes an extension in time or space.

Prolongment

Pro*long"ment (?), n. Prolongation.

Prolusion

Pro*lu"sion (?), n. [L. prolusio, fr. proludere to prelude; pro before + ludere to play: cf. F. prolusion, It. prolusione.] A trial before the principal performance; a prelude; hence, an introductory essay or exercise. "Domestic prolusions." Thackeray.
Her presence was in some measure a restraint on the worthy divine, whose prolusion lasted. Sir W. Scott.

Promanation

Prom`a*na"tion (?), n. [Pref. pro- + L. manatio a flowing, fr. manare to flow.] The act of flowing forth; emanation; efflux. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Promenade

Prom`e*nade" (?), n. [F. (with a foreign suffix), from promener to lead, take for a walk, se promener to walk, from L. prominare to drive forward or along; pro forward + minare to drive animals. See Amenable, Menace.]

1. A walk for pleasure, display, or exercise. Burke.

2. A place for walking; a public walk. Bp. Montagu.

Promenade

Prom`e*nade", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Promenaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Promenading.] To walk for pleasure, display, or exercise.

Promenader

Prom`e*nad"er (?), n. One who promenades.

Promerit

Pro*mer"it (?), v. t. [L. promeritus, p. p. of promerere to deserve; pro before + merere to merit.]

1. To oblige; to confer a favor on. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

2. To deserve; to procure by merit. [Obs.] Davenant.

Promerops

Prom"e*rops (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of very brilliant birds belonging to Promerops, Epimarchus, and allied genera, closely related to the paradise birds, and mostly native of New Guinea. They have a long curved beak and a long graduated tail.

Promethea

Pro*me"the*a (?), n. [NL. See Prometheus.] (Zo\'94l.) A large American bombycid moth (Callosamia promethea). Its larva feeds on the sassafras, wild cherry, and other trees, and suspends its cocoon from a branch by a silken band.

Promethean

Pro*me"the*an (?), a. [L. Promethus: cf. F. prom\'82th\'82en.]

1. Of or pertaining to Prometheus. See Prometheus. "Promethean fire." Shak.

2. Having a life-giving quality; inspiring.

Promethean

Pro*me"the*an (?), n. (Old Chem.) (a) An apparatus for automatic ignition. (b) A kind of lucifer match.

Prometheus

Pro*me"the*us (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) The son of Iapetus (one of the Titans) and Clymene, fabled by the poets to have surpassed all mankind in knowledge, and to have formed men of clay to whom he gave life by means of fire stolen from heaven. Jupiter, being angry at this, sent Mercury to bind Prometheus to Mount Caucasus, where a vulture preyed upon his liver.

Prominence, Prominency

Prom"i*nence (?), Prom"i*nen*cy (?), n. [L. prominentia: cf. F. prominence. See Prominent. ]

1. The quality or state of being prominent; a standing out from something; conspicuousness.

2. That which is prominent; a protuberance. Solar prominences. (Astron.) See Solar Protuberances, under Protuberance.

Prominent

Prom"i*nent (?), a. [L. prominens, -entis, p. pr. of prominere to jut out, to project; pro before, forward + minere (in comp.) to jut, project: cf. F. prominent. See Imminent, Eminent.]

1. Standing out, or projecting, beyond the line surface of something; jutting; protuberant; in high relief; as, a prominent figure on a vase.

2. Hence; Distinctly manifest; likely to attract attention from its size or position; conspicuous; as, a prominent feature of the face; a prominent building.

3. Eminent; distinguished above others; as, a prominent character. Prominent' moth (Zo\'94l.), any moth of the family Notodontid\'91; a notodontian; -- so called because the larva has a hump or prominence on its back. Several of the species are injurious to fruit trees.

Prominently

Prom"i*nent*ly, adv. In a prominent manner.

Promiscuity

Pro`mis*cu"i*ty (?), n. Promiscuousness; confusion. H. Spencer.

Promiscuous

Pro*mis"cu*ous (?), a. [L. promiscuus; pro before, in place of, for + miscere to mix. See Mix. ]

1. Consisting of individuals united in a body or mass without order; mingled; confused; undistinguished; as, a promiscuous crowd or mass.

A wild, where weeds and flowers promiscuous shoot. Pope.

2. Distributed or applied without order or discrimination; not restricted to an individual; common; indiscriminate; as, promiscuous love or intercourse.

Promiscuously

Pro*mis"cu*ous*ly, adv. In a promiscuous manner.

Promiscuousness

Pro*mis"cu*ous*ness, n. The quality or state of being promiscuous.

Promise

Prom"ise (?), a. [F. promesse, L. promissum, fr. promittere, promissum, to put forth, foretell, promise; pro forward, for + mittere to send. See Mission. ]

1. In general, a declaration, written or verbal, made by one person to another, which binds the person who makes it to do, or to forbear to do, a specified act; a declaration which gives to the person to whom it is made a right to expect or to claim the performance or forbearance of a specified act.

For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise. Gal. iii. 18.

2. (Law) An engagement by one person to another, either in words or in writing, but properly not under seal, for the performance or nonperformance of some particular thing. The word promise is used to denote the mere engagement of a person, without regard to the consideration for it, or the corresponding duty of the party to whom it is made. Chitty. Parsons. Burrill.

3. That which causes hope, expectation, or assurance; especially, that which affords expectation of future distinction; as, a youth of great promise. Shak.

My native country was full of youthful promise. W. Irving.

4. Bestowal, fulfillment, or grant of what is promised.

He . . . commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father. Acts i. 4.

Promise

Prom"ise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Promising.]

1. To engage to do, give, make, or to refrain from doing, giving, or making, or the like; to covenant; to engage; as, to promise a visit; to promise a cessation of hostilities; to promise the payment of money. "To promise aid." Shak.

2. To afford reason to expect; to cause hope or assurance of; as, the clouds promise rain. Milton.

3. To make declaration of or give assurance of, as some benefit to be conferred; to pledge or engage to bestow; as, the proprietors promised large tracts of land; the city promised a reward. Promised land. See Land of promise, under Land. -- To promise one's self. (a) To resolve; to determine; to vow. (b) To be assured; to have strong confidence.

I dare promise myself you will attest the truth of all I have advanced. Rambler.

Promise

Prom"ise, v. i.

1. To give assurance by a promise, or binding declaration.

2. To afford hopes or expectation; to give ground to expect good; rarely, to give reason to expect evil.

Will not the ladies be afeard of the lion? I fear it, I promise you. Shak.

Promisee

Prom`is*ee" (?), n. (Law) The person to whom a promise is made.

Promiser

Prom"is*er (?), n. One who promises.

Promising

Prom"is*ing, a. Making a promise or promises; affording hope or assurance; as, promising person; a promising day. -- Prom"is*ing*ly, adv.

Promisor

Prom"is*or (?), n. (Law) One who engages or undertakes; a promiser. Burrill.

Promissive

Pro*mis"sive (?), a. Making a promise; implying a promise; promising. [R.]
Page 1147

Promissorily

Prom"is*so*ri*ly (?), adv. In a promissory manner. Sir T. Browne.

Promissory

Prom"is*so*ry (?), a. Containing a promise or binding declaration of something to be done or forborne. Promissory note (Law), a written promise to pay to some person named, and at a time specified therein, or on demand, or at sight, a certain sum of money, absolutely and at all events; -- frequently called a note of hand. Kent. Byles. Story.

Promont

Prom"ont (?), n. Promontory. [R.] Drayton.

Promontory

Prom"on*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Promontories (#). [ L. promonturium, promunturium; pro before + mons, montis, mountain: cf. F. promontoire. See Mount, n.]

1. (Phys. Geog.) A high point of land or rock projecting into the sea beyond the line of coast; a headland; a high cape.

Like one that stands upon a promontory. Shak.

2. (Anat.) A projecting part. Especially: (a) The projecting angle of the ventral side of the sacrum where it joins the last lumbar vertebra. (b) A prominence on the inner wall of the tympanum of the ear.

Promerphological

Pro*mer`pho*log"ic*al (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to promorphology; as, a promorphological conception.

Promorphologist

Pro`mor*phol"o*gist (?), n. (Biol.) One versed in the science of promorphology.

Promorphology

Pro`mor*phol"o*gy (?), n. [Pref. pro- + morphology.] (Biol.) Crystallography of organic forms; -- a division of morphology created by Haeckel. It is essentially stereometric, and relates to a mathematical conception of organic forms. See Tectology.

Promote

Pro*mote" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Promoting.] [L. promotus, p. p. of promovere to move forward, to promote; pro forward + movere to move. See Move.]

1. To contribute to the growth, enlargement, or prosperity of (any process or thing that is in course); to forward; to further; to encourage; to advance; to excite; as, to promote learning; to promote disorder; to promote a business venture. "Born to promote all truth." Milton.

2. To exalt in station, rank, or honor; to elevate; to raise; to prefer; to advance; as, to promote an officer.

I will promote thee unto very great honor. Num. xxii. 17.
Exalt her, and she shall promote thee. Prov. iv. 18.
Syn. -- To forward; advance; further; patronize; help; exalt; prefer; elevate; dignify.

Promote

Pro*mote", v. i. To urge on or incite another, as to strife; also, to inform against a person. [Obs.]

Promoter

Pro*mot"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, forwards, advances, or promotes; an encourager; as, a promoter of charity or philosophy. Boyle.

2. Specifically, one who sets on foot, and takes the preliminary steps in, a scheme for the organization of a corporation, a joint-stock company, or the like.

3. One who excites; as, a promoter of sedition.

4. An informer; a makebate. [Obs.] Tusser.

Promottion

Pro*mot"tion (?), n. [L. promotio: cf. F. promotion.] The act of promoting, advancing, or encouraging; the act of exalting in rank or honor; also, the condition of being advanced, encouraged, or exalted in honor; preferment. Milton.
Promotion cometh neither from the east, nor from the west, nor from the south. Ps. lxxv. 6.

Promotive

Pro*mo"tive (?), a. Tending to advance, promote, or encourage. Hume.

Promove

Pro*move" (?), v. t. [See Promote.] To move forward; to advance; to promote. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.

Promover

Pro*mov"er (?), n. A promoter. [Obs.]

Promt

Promt (?; 215), a. [Compar. Prompter (?); superl. Promptest.] [F. prompt, L. promptus, properly, brought forth (to light or view), hence, visible, evident, at hand, ready, quick, -- p. p. of promere to take or bring forth; pro forth + emere to take. See Redeem. ]

1. Ready and quick to act as occasion demands; meeting requirements readily; not slow, dilatory, or hesitating in decision or action; responding on the instant; immediate; as, prompt in obedience or compliance; -- said of persons.

Very discerning and prompt in giving orders. Clarendon.
Tell him I am prompt To lay my crown at's feet. Shak.
Any you, perhaps, too prompt in your replies. Dryden.

2. Done or rendered quickly, readily, or immediately; given without delay or hesitation; -- said of conduct; as, prompt assistance.

When Washington heard the voice of his country in distress, his obedience was prompt. Ames.

3. Easy; unobstructed. [Obs.]

The reception of the light into the body of the building was very prompt. Sir H. Wotton.
Syn. -- Ready; expeditious; quick; agile; alert; brisk; nimble. -- Prompt, Ready, Expeditious. One who is ready is prepared to act at the moment. One who is prompt acts at the moment. One who is expeditious carries through an undertaking with constant promptness.

Prompt

Prompt, n. (Com.) A limit of time given for payment of an account for produce purchased, this limit varying with different goods. See Prompt-note.
To cover any probable difference of price which might arise before the expiration of the prompt, which for this article [tea] is three months. J. S. Mill.

Prompt

Prompt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prompted; p. pr. & vb. n. Prompting.]

1. To assist or induce the action of; to move to action; to instigate; to incite.

God first . . . prompted on the infirmities of the infant world by temporal prosperity. Jer. Taylor.

2. To suggest; to dictate.

And whispering angles prompt her golden dreams. Pope.

3. To remind, as an actor or an orator, of words or topics forgotten.

Prompt-book

Prompt"-book` (, n. The book used by a prompter of a theater.

Prompter

Prompt"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, prompts; one who admonishes or incites to action.

2. One who reminds another, as an actor or an orator, of the words to be spoken next; specifically, one employed for this purpose in a theater.

Promptitude

Prompt"i*tude (?), n. [F., fr. L. promptitudo. See Prompt, a.] The quality of being prompt; quickness of decision and action when occasion demands; alacrity; as, promptitude in obedience.
Men of action, of promptitude, and of courage. I. Taylor.

Promptly

Prompt"ly, adv. In a prompt manner.

Promptness

Prompt"ness, n.

1. Promptitude; readiness; quickness of decision or action.

2. Cheerful willingness; alacrity.

Prompt-note

Prompt"-note` (?), n. (Com.) A memorandum of a sale, and time when payment is due, given to the purchaser at a sale of goods.

Promptuary

Promp"tu*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to preparation. [R.] Bacon.

Promptuary

Promp"tu*a*ry, n. [L. promptuarium, fr. promptuarius belonging to distribution, distributing: cf, F. promptuaire. See Prompt, a.] That from which supplies are drawn; a storehouse; a magazine; a repository. Woodward.

Prompture

Promp"ture (?; 135), n. [See Prompt, a.] Suggestion; incitement; prompting. [R.] Shak. Coleridge.

Promulgate

Pro*mul"gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promulgated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Promulgating.] [L. promulgatus, p. p. of promulgare to promulgate; of unknown origin. Cf. Promulge.] To make known by open declaration, as laws, decrees, or tidings; to publish; as, to promulgate the secrets of a council. Syn. -- To publish; declare; proclaim. See Announce.

Promulgation

Pro`mul*ga"tion (?), n. [L. promulgatio: cf. F. promulgation.] The act of promulgating; publication; open declaration; as, the promulgation of the gospel. South.

Promulgator

Pro"mul*ga`tor (?), n. [L.] One who promulgates or publishes. Dr. H. More.

Promulge

Pro*mulge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promulged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Promulging (?).] [Cf. F. promulguer. See Promulgate.] To promulgate; to publish or teach. Blackstone.
Extraordinary doctrines these for the age in which they were promulged. Prescott.

Promulger

Pro*mul"ger (?), n. One who promulges or publishes what was before unknown. Atterbury.

Promuscis

Pro*mus"cis (?), n. [L., corruption of proboscis.] (Zo\'94l.) The proboscis of hemipterous insects. See Illust. under Hemiptera.

Pronaos

Pro*na"os (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Arch.) The porch or vestibule of a temple.

Pronate

Pro"nate (?), a. [L. pronatus, p. p. of pronare to bend forward. See Prone.] Somewhat prone; inclined; as, pronate trees. Kane.

Pronation

Pro*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. pronation.] (Physiol.) (a) The act of turning the palm or palmar surface of the forefoot downward. (b) That motion of the forearm whereby the palm or palmar, surface is turned downward. (c) The position of the limb resulting from the act of pronation. Opposed to supination.

Pronator

Pro*na"tor (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) A muscle which produces pronation.

Prone

Prone (?), a. [L. pronus, akin to Gr. pravana sloping, inclined, and also to L. pro forward, for. See Pro-.]

1. Bending forward; inclined; not erect.

Towards him they bend With awful reverence prone. Milton.

2. Prostrate; flat; esp., lying with the face down; -- opposed to supine.

Which, as the wind, Blew where it listed, laying all things prone. Byron.

3. Headlong; running downward or headlong. "Down thither prone in flight." Milton.

4. Sloping, with reference to a line or surface; declivous; inclined; not level.

Since the floods demand, For their descent, a prone and sinking land. Blackmore.

5. Inclined; propense; disposed; -- applied to the mind or affections, usually in an ill sense. Followed by to. "Prone to mischief." Shak.

Poets are nearly all prone to melancholy. Landor.

Pronely

Prone"ly, adv. In a prone manner or position.

Proneness

Prone"ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being prone, or of bending downward; as, the proneness of beasts is opposed to the erectness of man.

2. The state of lying with the face down; -- opposed to supineness.

3. Descent; declivity; as, the proneness of a hill.

4. Inclination of mind, heart, or temper; propension; disposition; as, proneness to self-gratification.

Pronephric

Pro*neph"ric (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pronephros.

Pronephros, Pronephron

Pro*neph"ros (?), Pro*neph"ron (
, n. [ NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The head kidney. See under Head.

Prong

Prong (?), n. [Cf. D. prangen to pinch, press, LG. prange a stick, or W. procio to thrust, E. prowl, pang.]

1. A sharp-pointed instrument.

Prick it on a prong of iron. Sandys.

2. The tine of a fork, or of a similar instrument; as, a fork of two or three prongs.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sharp projection, as of an antler. (b) The fang of a tooth.

Prongbuck

Prong"buck` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The springbuck. (b) The pronghorn.

Pronged

Pronged (?), a. Having prongs or projections like the tines of a fork; as, a three-pronged fork.

Prong-hoe

Prong"-hoe` (?), n. A hoe with prongs to break the earth.

Pronghorn

Prong"horn` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An American antelope (Antilocapra Americana), native of the plain near the Rocky Mountains. The upper parts are mostly yellowish brown; the under parts, the sides of the head and throat, and the buttocks, are white. The horny sheath of the horns is shed annually. Called also cabr\'82e, cabut, prongbuck, and pronghorned antelope.

Pronity

Pro"ni*ty (?), n. [L. pronitas.] Proneness; propensity. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Pronominal

Pro*nom"i*nal (?), a. [L. pronominalis: cf. F. pronominal. See Pronoun.] Belonging to, or partaking of the nature of, a pronoun.

Pronominalize

Pro*nom"i*nal*ize (?), v. t. To give the effect of a pronoun to; as, to pronominalize the substantives person, people, etc. Early.

Pronominally

Pro*nom"i*nal*ly, adv. In a pronominal manner

Prononc\'82

Pro`non`c\'82" (?), a. [F. See Pronounce.] Strongly marked; decided, as in manners, etc.

Pronotary

Pro*no"ta*ry (?), n. See Prothonotary.

Pronotum

Pro*no"tum (?), n.; pl. Pronota (#). [NL. See Pro-, and Notum.] (Zo\'94l.) The dorsal plate of the prothorax in insects. See Illust. of Coleoptera.

Pronoun

Pro"noun (?), n. [Pref. pro- + noun: cf. F. pronom, L. pronomen. See Noun.] (Gram.) A word used instead of a noun or name, to avoid the repetition of it. The personal pronouns in English are I, thou or you, he, she, it, we, ye, and they.<-- accusatives? me, them, us -->

Pronounce

Pro*nounce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pronounced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pronounging (?).] [F. prononcer, L. pronunciare; pro before, forth + nunciare, nuntiare, to announce. See Announce.]

1. To utter articulately; to speak out or distinctly; to utter, as words or syllables; to speak with the proper sound and accent as, adults rarely learn to pronounce a foreign language correctly.

2. To utter officially or solemnly; to deliver, as a decree or sentence; as, to pronounce sentence of death.

Sternly he pronounced The rigid interdiction. Milton.

3. To speak or utter rhetorically; to deliver; to recite; as, to pronounce an oration.

Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you. Shak.

4. To declare or affirm; as, he pronounced the book to be a libel; he pronounced the act to be a fraud.

The God who hallowed thee and blessed, Pronouncing thee all good. Keble.
Syn. -- To deliver; utter; speak. See Deliver.

Pronounce

Pro*nounce", v. i.

1. To give a pronunciation; to articulate; as, to pronounce faultlessly. Earle.

2. To make declaration; to utter on opinion; to speak with confidence. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Pronounce

Pro*nounce", n. Pronouncement; declaration; pronunciation. [Obs.] Milton.

Pronounceable

Pro*nounce"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. L. pronunciabilis declarative.] Capable of being pronounced.

Pronounced

Pro*nounced" (?), a. [F. prononc\'82.] Strongly marked; unequivocal; decided. [A Gallicism]
[His] views became every day more pronounced. Thackeray.

Pronouncement

Pro*nounce"ment (?), n. The act of pronouncing; a declaration; a formal announcement.

Pronouncer

Pro*noun"cer (?), n. One who pronounces, utters, or declares; also, a pronouncing book.

Pronouncing

Pro*noun"cing (?), a. Pertaining to, or indicating, pronunciation; as, a pronouncing dictionary.

Pronubial

Pro*nu"bi*al (?), a. [L. pronuba bridesmaid; pro before + nubere to marry.] Presiding over marriage. [R.]

Pronucleus

Pro*nu"cle*us (?), n.; pl. Pronuclei (-&imac;). [NL. See Pro-, and Nucleus.] (Biol.) One of the two bodies or nuclei (called male and female pronuclei) which unite to form the first segmentation nucleus of an impregnated ovum. &hand; In the maturing of the ovum preparatory to impregnation, a part of the germinal vesicle (see Polar body, under Polar) becomes converted into a number of small vesicles, which aggregate themselves into a single clear nucleus. which travels towards the center of the egg and is called the female pronucleus. In impregnation, the spermatozo\'94n which enters the egg soon loses its tail, while the head forms a nucleus, called the male pronucleus, which gradually travels towards the female pronucleus and eventually fuses with it, forming the first segmentation nucleus.

Pronuncial

Pro*nun"cial (?), a. Of or pertaining to pronunciation; pronunciative.

Pronunciamento

Pro*nun`ci*a*men"to (?), n. A proclamation or manifesto; a formal announcement or declaration.

Pronunciamiento

Pro*nun`ci*a`mi"en"to (?), n. [Sp. See Pronounce.] See Pronunciamento.

Pronunciation

Pro*nun`ci*a"tion (?; 277), n. [F. pronunciation, L. pronunciatio. See Pronounce.]

1. The act of uttering with articulation; the act of giving the proper sound and accent; utterance; as, the pronunciation of syllables of words; distinct or indistinct pronunciation.

2. The mode of uttering words or sentences.

3. (Rhet.) The art of manner of uttering a discourse publicly with propriety and gracefulness; -- now called delivery. J. Q. Adams.

Pronunciative

Pro*nun"ci*a*tive (?), a. [L. pronunciativus.]

1. Of or pertaining to pronunciation.

2. Uttering confidently; dogmatical. [Obs.] Bacon.

Pronunciator

Pro*nun"ci*a`tor (?), n. [L., a reciter.] One who pronounces; a pronouncer.
Page 1148

Pronunciatory

Pro*nun"ci*a*to*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to pronunciation; that pronounces.

Proof

Proof (?), n. [OF. prove, proeve, F. preuve, fr. L. proba, fr. probare to prove. See Prove.]

1. Any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.

For whatsoever mother wit or art Could work, he put in proof. Spenser.
You shall have many proofs to show your skill. Ford.
Formerly, a very rude mode of ascertaining the strength of spirits was practiced, called the proof. Ure.

2. That degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments that induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.

I'll have some proof. Shak.
It is no proof of a man's understanding to be able to confirm whatever he pleases. Emerson.
&hand; Properly speaking, proof is the effect or result of evidence, evidence is the medium of proof. Cf. Demonstration, 1.

3. The quality or state of having been proved or tried; firmness or hardness that resists impression, or does not yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.

4. Firmness of mind; stability not to be shaken.

5. (Print.) A trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination; -- called also proof sheet.

6. (Math.) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Cf. Prove, v. t., 5.

7. Armor of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armor of proof. [Obs.] Shak. Artist's proof, a very early proof impression of an engraving, or the like; -- often distinguished by the artist's signature. -- Proof reader, one who reads, and marks correction in, proofs. See def. 5, above. Syn. -- Testimony; evidence; reason; argument; trial; demonstration. See Testimony.

Proof

Proof, a.

1. Used in proving or testing; as, a proof load, or proof charge.

2. Firm or successful in resisting; as, proof against harm; waterproof; bombproof.

I . . . have found thee Proof against all temptation. Milton.
This was a good, stout proof article of faith. Burke.

3. Being of a certain standard as to strength; -- said of alcoholic liquors.<-- in the United States, "proof" is a measure of alcohol concentration expressed as percent of the concentration of "proof spirit" defined below, i.e. a beverage of 100 proof is 50% alcohol by volume. --> Proof charge (Firearms), a charge of powder and ball, greater than the service charge, fired in an arm, as a gun or cannon, to test its strength. -- Proof impression. See under Impression. -- Proof load (Engin.), the greatest load than can be applied to a piece, as a beam, column, etc., without straining the piece beyond the elastic limit. -- Proof sheet. See Proof, n., 5. -- Proof spirit (Chem.), a strong distilled liquor, or mixture of alcohol and water, containing not less than a standard amount of alcohol. In the United States "proof spirit is defined by law to be that mixture of alcohol and water which contains one half of its volume of alcohol, the alcohol when at a temperature of 60° Fahrenheit being of specific gravity 0.7939 referred to water at its maximum density as unity. Proof spirit has at 60° Fahrenheit a specific gravity of 0.93353, 100 parts by volume of the same consisting of 50 parts of absolute alcohol and 53.71 parts of water," the apparent excess of water being due to contraction of the liquids on mixture. In England proof spirit is defined by Act 58, George III., to be such as shall at a temperature of 51° Fahrenheit weigh exactly the second, third, and fourth proof spirits respectively. -- Proof staff, a straight-edge used by millers to test the flatness of a stone. -- Proof stick (Sugar Manuf.), a rod in the side of a vacuum pan, for testing the consistency of the sirup. -- Proof text, a passage of Scripture used to prove a doctrine. <-- proof coin or proof, a coin which has been specially struck, to produce the finest specimen of its type. Usually such coins are double-struck from polished dies, and the raised features are sometimes frosted. They thus have sharper features and more mirror-like fields than production coins (i.e. those coins struck for circulation); they are considered by coin collectors as the most desirable specimens of each coin, and usually sell at a premium to their corresponding production coins. -->

Proof-arm

Proof`-arm" (?), v. t. To arm with proof armor; to arm securely; as, to proof-arm herself. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

Proofless

Proof"less, a. Wanting sufficient evidence to induce belief; not proved. Boyle. -- Proof"less*ly, adv.

Proof-proof

Proof"-proof`, a. Proof against proofs; obstinate in the wrong. "That might have shown to any one who was not proof-proof." Whateley.

Pro\'94stracum

Pro*\'94s"tra*cum (?), n.; pl. Pro\'94straca (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The anterior prolongation of the guard of the phragmocone of belemnites and allied fossil cephalopods, whether horny or calcareous. See Illust. of Phragmocone.

Pro\'94tic

Pro*\'94"tic (?), a. [Pref. pro- + Gr. (Anat.) In front of the auditory capsule; -- applied especially to a bone, or center of ossification, in the periotic capsule. -- n. A pro\'94tic bone.

Prop

Prop (?), n. A shell, used as a die. See Props.

Prop

Prop (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Propping.] [Akin to LG. & D. proppen to cram, stuff, thrust into, stop, G. pfropfen, Dan. proppe, Sw. proppa; of uncertain origin, cf. G. pfropfen to graft, fr. L. propago set, layer of a plant, slip, shoot. Cf. 3d. Prop, Propagate.] To support, or prevent from falling, by placing something under or against; as, to prop up a fence or an old building; (Fig.) to sustain; to maintain; as, to prop a declining state. Shak.
Till the bright mountains prop the incumbent sky. Pope.
For being not propp'd by ancestry. Shak.
I prop myself upon those few supports that are left me. Pope.

Prop

Prop, n. [Akin to LG., D., & Dan. prop stopple, stopper, cork, Sw. propp, G. pfropf. See Prop, v.] That which sustains an incumbent weight; that on which anything rests or leans for support; a support; a stay; as, a prop for a building. "Two props of virtue." Shak.

Prop\'91deutic, Prop\'91deutical

Pro`p\'91*deu"tic (?), Pro`p\'91*deu"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Of, pertaining to, or conveying, preliminary instruction; introductory to any art or science; instructing beforehand.

Prop\'91deutics

Pro`p\'91*deu"tics (?), n. The preliminary learning connected with any art or science; preparatory instruction.

Propagable

Prop"a*ga*ble (?), a. [See Propagate.]

1. Capable of being propagated, or of being continued or multiplied by natural generation or production.

2. Capable of being spread or extended by any means; -- said of tenets, doctrines, or principles.

Propaganda

Prop`a*gan"da (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. L. de propaganda fide: cf. F. propagande. See Propagate.]

1. (R. C. Ch.) (a) A congregation of cardinals, established in 1622, charged with the management of missions. (b) The college of the Propaganda, instituted by Urban VIII. (1623-1644) to educate priests for missions in all parts of the world.

2. Hence, any organization or plan for spreading a particular doctrine or a system of principles.

Propagandism

Prop`a*gan"dism (?), n. [Cf. F. propagandisme.] The art or practice of propagating tenets or principles; zeal in propagating one's opinions.

Propagandist

Prop`a*gan"dist (?), n. [Cf. F. propagandiste.] A person who devotes himself to the spread of any system of principles. "Political propagandists." Walsh. <-- propagandize. To spread one's beliefs. Often used in a negative sense, meaning to deliberately make misleading or false statements so as to convert others to one's beliefs, or to convince others to vote for a particular political candidate. -->

Propagate

Prop"a*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propagated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Propagating.] [L. propagatus, p. p. of propagare to propagate, akin to propages, propago, a layer of a plant, slip, shoot. See Pro-, and cf. Pact, Prop, Prune, v. t.]

1. To cause to continue or multiply by generation, or successive production; -- applied to animals and plants; as, to propagate a breed of horses or sheep; to propagate a species of fruit tree.

2. To cause to spread to extend; to impel or continue forward in space; as, to propagate sound or light.

3. To spread from person to person; to extend the knowledge of; to originate and spread; to carry from place to place; to disseminate; as, to propagate a story or report; to propagate the Christian religion.

The infection was propagated insensibly. De Foe.

4. To multiply; to increase. [Obs.]

Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast, Which thou wilt propagate. Shak.

5. To generate; to produce.

Motion propagated motion, and life threw off life. De Quincey.
Syn. -- To multiply; continue; increase; spread; diffuse; disseminate; promote.

Propagate

Prop"a*gate, v. i. To have young or issue; to be produced or multiplied by generation, or by new shoots or plants; as, rabbits propagate rapidly.
No need that thou Should'st propagate, already infinite. Milton.

Propagation

Prop`a*ga"tion (?), n. [L. propagatio: cf. F. propagation.]

1. The act of propagating; continuance or multiplication of the kind by generation or successive production; as, the propagation of animals or plants.

There is not in nature any spontaneous generation, but all come by propagation. Ray.

2. The spreading abroad, or extension, of anything; diffusion; dissemination; as, the propagation of sound; the propagation of the gospel. Bacon.

Propagative

Prop"a*ga*tive (?), a. Producing by propagation, or by a process of growth.

Propagator

Prop"a*ga`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. propagateur.] One who propagates; one who continues or multiplies.

Propagulum

Pro*pag"u*lum (?), n.; pl. Propagula (#). [NL. See Propagate.] (Bot.) A runner terminated by a germinating bud.

Propane

Pro"pane (?), n. [Propyl + methane.] (Chem.) A heavy gaseous hydrocarbon, C3H8, of the paraffin series, occurring naturally dissolved in crude petroleum, and also made artificially; -- called also propyl hydride.

Propargyl

Pro*par"gyl (?), n. [Propinyl + Gr. -yl. So called because one hydrogen atom may be replaced by silver.] (Chem.) Same as Propinyl.

Proparoxytone

Pro`par*ox"y*tone (?), n. [Gr. Pro-, and Paroxytone.] (Gr. Gram.) A word which has the acute accent on the antepenult.

Proped

Pro"ped (?), n. [Pref. pro- + L. pes, pedis, foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Proleg.

Propel

Pro*pel" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Propelling.] [L. propellere, propulsum; pro forward + pellere to drive. See Pulse a beating.] To drive forward; to urge or press onward by force; to move, or cause to move; as, the wind or steam propels ships; balls are propelled by gunpowder.

Propeller

Pro*pel"ler (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, propels.

2. A contrivance for propelling a steam vessel, usually consisting of a screw placed in the stern under water, and made to revolve by an engine; a propeller wheel. <-- (b) an analogous device, rotated by an engine at high speed to provide the forward thrust which propels an airplane through the atmosphere. On each engine is a propeller consisting of a set of at least two elongated blades attached symmetrically to a central rotor. -->

3. A steamboat thus propelled; a screw steamer. Propeller wheel,the screw, usually having two or more blades, used in propelling a vessel.<-- propeller blade, the elongated part of an airplane propeller -->

Propend

Pro*pend" (?), v. i. [L. propendere, propensum; pro forward, forth + pendere to hang. See Pendent.] To lean toward a thing; to be favorably inclined or disposed; to incline; to tend. [R.] Shak.
We shall propend to it, as a stone falleth down. Barrow.

Propendency

Pro*pend"en*cy (?), n.

1. Propensity. [R.]

2. Attentive deliberation. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

Propendent

Pro*pend"ent (?), a. [L. propendens, p. pr.] Inclining forward or toward. South.

Propene

Pro"pene (?), n. [Propyl + ethylene.] (Chem.) Same as Propylene.

Propense

Pro*pense" (?) a. [L. propensus, p. p. See Propend.] Leaning toward, in a moral sense; inclined; disposed; prone; as, women propense to holiness. Hooker. -- Pro*pense"ly, adv. -- Pro*pense"ness, n.

Propension

Pro*pen"sion (?), n. [L. propensio: cf. F. propension. See Propend, Propense.] The quality or state of being propense; propensity. M. Arnold.
Your full consent Gave wings to my propension. Shak.

Propensity

Pro*pen"si*ty (?), n.; pl. Propensities (. The quality or state of being propense; natural inclination; disposition to do good or evil; bias; bent; tendency. "A propensity to utter blasphemy." Macaulay. Syn. -- Disposition; bias; inclination; proclivity; proneness; bent; tendency.

Propenyl

Pro"pe*nyl (?), n. [Propene + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical hydrocarbon radical, C3H5, isomeric with allyl and glyceryl, and regarded as the essential residue of glycerin. Cf. Allyl, and Glyceryl.

Propepsin

Pro*pep"sin (?), n. [Pref. pro- + pepsin.] (Physiol. Chem.) See Persinogen.

Propeptone

Pro*pep"tone (?), n. [Pref. pro- + peptone.] (Physiol. Chem.) A product of gastric digestion intermediate between albumin and peptone, identical with hemialbumose.

Proper

Prop"er (?), a. [OE. propre, F. propre, fr. L. proprius. Cf. Appropriate.]

1. Belonging to one; one's own; individual. "His proper good" [i. e., his own possessions]. Chaucer. "My proper son." Shak.

Now learn the difference, at your proper cost, Betwixt true valor and an empty boast. Dryden.

2. Belonging to the natural or essential constitution; peculiar; not common; particular; as, every animal has his proper instincts and appetites.

Those high and peculiar attributes . . . which constitute our proper humanity. Coleridge.

3. Befitting one's nature, qualities, etc.; suitable in all respect; appropriate; right; fit; decent; as, water is the proper element for fish; a proper dress.

The proper study of mankind is man. Pope.
In Athens all was pleasure, mirth, and play, All proper to the spring, and sprightly May. Dryden.

4. Becoming in appearance; well formed; handsome. [Archaic] "Thou art a proper man." Chaucer.

Moses . . . was hid three months of his parents, because they saw he was a proper child. Heb. xi. 23.

5. Pertaining to one of a species, but not common to the whole; not appellative; -- opposed to common; as, a proper name; Dublin is the proper name of a city.

6. Rightly so called; strictly considered; as, Greece proper; the garden proper.

7. (Her.) Represented in its natural color; -- said of any object used as a charge. In proper, individually; privately. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. -- Proper flower ∨ corolla (Bot.), one of the single florets, or corollets, in an aggregate or compound flower. -- Proper fraction (Arith.) a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator. -- Proper nectary (Bot.), a nectary separate from the petals and other parts of the flower. -- Proper noun (Gram.), a name belonging to an individual, by which it is distinguished from others of the same class; -- opposed to common noun; as, John, Boston, America. -- Proper perianth ∨ involucre (Bot.), that which incloses only a single flower. -- Proper receptacle (Bot.), a receptacle which supports only a single flower or fructification.

Proper

Prop"er, adv. Properly; hence, to a great degree; very; as, proper good. [Colloq & Vulgar]

Properate

Prop"er*ate (?), v. t. & i. [L. properatus, p. p. of properare to hasten.] To hasten, or press forward. [Obs.]

Properation

Prop`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. properatio.] The act of hastening; haste. [Obs.] T. Adams.

Properispome

Pro*per"i*spome (?), n. (Gr. Gram.) Properispomenon.

Properispomenon

Pro*per`i*spom"e*non (?), n.; pl. Properispomena (#). [NL., fr. Gr. Perispomenon.] (Gr. Gram.) A word which has the circumflex accent on the penult.

Properly

Prop"er*ly (?), adv.

1. In a proper manner; suitably; fitly; strictly; rightly; as, a word properly applied; a dress properly adjusted. Milton.

2. Individually; after one's own manner. [Obs.]

Now, harkeneth, how I bare me properly. Chaucer.

Properness

Prop"er*ness, n.

1. The quality of being proper.

2. Tallness; comeliness. [Obs.] Udall.

Propertied

Prop"er*tied (?), a. Possessing property; holding real estate, or other investments of money. "The propertied and satisfied classes." M. Arnold.

Property

Prop"er*ty (?), n.; pl. Properties (#). [OE. proprete, OF. propret\'82 property, F. propret\'82 neatness, cleanliness, propri\'82t\'82 property, fr. L. proprietas. See Proper, a., and cf. Propriety.]

1. That which is proper to anything; a peculiar quality of a thing; that which is inherent in a subject, or naturally essential to it; an attribute; as, sweetness is a property of sugar.

Property is correctly a synonym for peculiar quality; but it is frequently used as coextensive with quality in general. Sir W. Hamilton.
&hand; In physical science, the properties of matter are distinguished to the three following classes: 1. Physical properties, or those which result from the relations of bodies to the physical agents, light, heat, electricity, gravitation, cohesion, adhesion, etc., and which are exhibited without a change in the composition or kind of matter acted on. They are color, luster, opacity, transparency, hardness, sonorousness, density, crystalline form, solubility, capability of osmotic diffusion, vaporization, boiling, fusion, etc. 2. Chemical properties, or those which are conditioned by affinity and composition; thus, combustion, explosion, and certain solutions are reactions occasioned by chemical properties. Chemical properties are identical when there is identity of composition and structure, and change according as the composition changes. 3. Organoleptic properties, or those forming a class which can not be included in either of the other two divisions. They manifest themselves in the contact of substances with the organs of taste, touch, and smell, or otherwise affect the living organism, as in the manner of medicines and poisons.

2. An acquired or artificial quality; that which is given by art, or bestowed by man; as, the poem has the properties which constitute excellence.

3. The exclusive right of possessing, enjoying, and disposing of a thing; ownership; title.

Here I disclaim all my paternal care, Propinquity and property of blood. Shak.
Shall man assume a property in man? Wordsworth.

Page 1149

4. That to which a person has a legal title, whether in his possession or not; thing owned; an estate, whether in lands, goods, or money; as, a man of large property, or small property.

5. pl. All the adjuncts of a play except the scenery and the dresses of the actors; stage requisites.

I will draw a bill of properties. Shak.

6. Propriety; correctness. [Obs.] Camden. Literary property. (Law) See under Literary. -- Property man<-- or prop man -->, one who has charge of the "properties" of a theater.

Property

Prop"er*ty (?), v. t.

1. To invest which properties, or qualities. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To make a property of; to appropriate. [Obs.]

They have here propertied me. Shak.

Prophane

Pro*phane" (?), a. & v. t. See Profane. [Obs.]

Prophasis

Proph"a*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Pro-, and Phasis.] (Med.) Foreknowledge of a disease; prognosis.

Prophecy

Proph"e*cy (?), n.; pl. Prophecies (#), [OE. prophecie, OF. profecie, F. proph\'82tie, L. prophetia, fr. Gr. , fr. Prophet.]

1. A declaration of something to come; a foretelling; a prediction; esp., an inspired foretelling.

He hearkens after prophecies and dreams. Shak.
Prophecy came not in old time by the will of man. 2. Pet. i. 21.

2. (Script.) A book of prophecies; a history; as, the prophecy of Ahijah. 2 Chron. ix. 29.

3. Public interpretation of Scripture; preaching; exhortation or instruction.

Prophesier

Proph"e*si`er (?), n. A prophet. Shak.

Prophesy

Proph"e*sy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prophesied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prophesying (?).] [See Prophecy.]

1. To foretell; to predict; to prognosticate.

He doth not prophesy good concerning me. 1 Kings xxii. 8.
Then I perceive that will be verified Henry the Fifth did sometime prophesy. Shak.

2. To foreshow; to herald; to prefigure.

Methought thy very gait did prophesy A royal nobleness; I must embrace thee. Shak.

Prophesy

Proph"e*sy, v. i.

1. To utter predictions; to make declaration of events to come. Matt. xv. 7.

2. To give instruction in religious matters; to interpret or explain Scripture or religious subjects; to preach; to exhort; to expound. Ezek. xxxvii. 7.

Prophet

Proph"et (?), n. [F. proph\'8ate, L. propheta, fr. Gr. Fame. ]

1. One who prophesies, or foretells events; a predicter; a foreteller.

2. One inspired or instructed by God to speak in his name, or announce future events, as, Moses, Elijah, etc.

3. An interpreter; a spokesman. [R.] Ex. vii. 1.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A mantis. School of the prophets (Anc. Jewish Hist.), a school or college in which young men were educated and trained for public teachers or members of the prophetic order. These students were called sons of the prophets.

Prophetess

Proph"et*ess, n. [Cf. F. proph\'82tesse, L. prophetissa.] A female prophet.

Prophetic, Prophetical

Pro*phet"ic (?), Pro*phet"ic*al (?), a. [L. propheticus, Gr. proph\'82tique.] Containing, or pertaining to, prophecy; foretelling events; as, prophetic writings; prophetic dreams; -- used with of before the thing foretold.
And fears are oft prophetic of the event. Dryden.

Propheticality

Pro*phet`ic*al"i*ty (?), n. Propheticalness.

Prophetically

Pro*phet"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In a prophetical manner; by way of prediction.

Propheticalness

Pro*phet"ic*al*ness, n. The quality or state of being prophetical; power or capacity to foretell.

Prophetize

Proph"et*ize (?), v. i. [L. prophetizare, Gr. proph\'82tiser. Cf. Prophesy.] To give predictions; to foreshow events; to prophesy. [R.] "Prophetizing dreams." Daniel.

Prophoric

Pro*phor"ic (?), a. [Gr. Enunciative. [R.]

Prophragma

Pro*phrag"ma (?), n.; pl. Prophragmata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An internal dorsal chitinous process between the first two divisions of the thorax of insects.

Prophylactic

Proph`y*lac"tic (?), n. [Cf. F. prophylactique.] (Med.) A medicine which preserves or defends against disease; a preventive.

Prophylactic, Prophylactical

Proph`y*lac"tic (?), Proph`y*lac"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. prophylactique.] (Med.) Defending or preserving from disease; preventive. Coxe.

Prophylaxis

Proph`y*lax"is (?), n. [NL. See Prophylactic.] (Med.) The art of preserving from, or of preventing, disease; the observance of the rules necessary for the preservation of health; preservative or preventive treatment.

Propice

Pro*pice" (?), a. [OE., fr. F. propice, See Propitious.] Fit; propitious. [Obs.] E. Hall.

Propidene

Pro"pi*dene (?), n. [Propyl + ethylidene.] (Chem.) The unsymmetrical hypothetical hydrocarbon radical, CH3.CH2.CH, analogous to ethylidene, and regarded as the type of certain derivatives of propane; -- called also propylidene.

Propination

Prop`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. propinatio. See Propine.] The act of pledging, or drinking first, and then offering the cup to another. [Obs.] Abp. Potter.

Propine

Pro*pine" (?), v. t. [L. propinare, Gr.

1. To pledge; to offer as a toast or a health in the manner of drinking, that is, by drinking first and passing the cup. [Obs.]

The lovely sorceress mixed, and to the prince Health, peace, and joy propined. C. Smart.

2. Hence, to give in token of friendship. [Obs.]

3. To give, or deliver; to subject. [Obs.] Fotherby.

Propine

Pro*pine" (?), n.

1. A pledge. [Obs. or Scot.]

2. A gift; esp., drink money. [Obs or Scot.]

Propine

Pro"pine (?), n. [Propyl + ethine.] (Chem.) Same as Allylene.

Propinquity

Pro*pin"qui*ty (?), n. [L. propinquitas, from propinquus near, neighboring, from prope near.]

1. Nearness in place; neighborhood; proximity.

2. Nearness in time. Sir T. Browne.

3. Nearness of blood; kindred; affinity. Shak.

Propinyl

Pro"pi*nyl (?), n. [Propine + -yl.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon radical regarded as an essential residue of propine and allied compounds.

Propiolate

Pro"pi*o*late (?), n. A salt of propiolic acid.

Propiolic

Pro`pi*ol"ic (?), a. [Propionic + tetrolic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid (called also propargylic acid) of the acetylene or tetrolic series, analogous to propionic acid, and obtained as a white crystalline substance.<-- also called 2-propynoic acid, and acetylenecarboxylic acid. C3H2O2, CH.C.COOH -->

Propionate

Pro"pi*o*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of propionic acid.

Propione

Pro"pi*one (?), n. (Chem.) The ketone of propionic acid, obtained as a colorless fragrant liquid.

Propionic

Pro`pi*on"ic (?), a. [Proto- + Gr. pi`wn fat.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an organic acid which is produced in the distillation of wood, in the fermentation of various organic substances, as glycerin, calcium lactate, etc., and is obtained as a colorless liquid having a sharp, pungent odor. Propionic acid is so called because it is the first or lowest member of the fatty acid series whose salts have a fatty feel.

Propionyl

Pro"pi*o*nyl (?), n. (Chem.) The hypothetical radical C3H5O, regarded as the essential residue of propionic acid and certain related compounds.

Propithecus

Prop`i*the"cus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus including the long-tailed, or diadem, indris. See Indris.

Propitiable

Pro*pi"ti*a*ble (?), a. [L. propitiabilis.] Capable of being propitiated.

Propitiate

Pro*pi"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propitiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Propitiating.] [L. propitiatus, p. p. of propitiare to propitiate, fr. propitius favorable. See Propitious.] To appease to render favorable; to make propitious; to conciliate.
Let fierce Achilles, dreadful in his rage, The god propitiate, and the pest assuage. Pope.

Propitiate

Pro*pi"ti*ate, v. i. To make propitiation; to atone.

Propitiation

Pro*pi`ti*a"tion (?), n. [L. propitiatio: cf. F. propitiation.]

1. The act of appeasing the wrath and conciliating the favor of an offended person; the act of making propitious.

2. (Theol.) That which propitiates; atonement or atoning sacrifice; specifically, the influence or effects of the death of Christ in appeasing the divine justice, and conciliating the divine favor.

He [Jesus Christ] is the propitiation for our sins. 1 John ii. 2.

Propitiator

Pro*pi"ti*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who propitiates or appeases.

Propitiatorily

Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ri*ly (?), adv. By way of propitiation.

Propitiatory

Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ry (?), a. [L. propitiatorius: cf. F. propitiatoire.] Having the power to make propitious; pertaining to, or employed in, propitiation; expiatory; as, a propitiatory sacrifice. Sharp.

Propitiatory

Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ry, n. [L. propitiatorium.] (Jewish Antiq.) The mercy seat; -- so called because a symbol of the propitiated Jehovah. Bp. Pearson.

Propitious

Pro*pi"tious (?), a. [L. propitius, perhaps originally a term of augury meaning, flying forward (pro) or well; cf. Skr. pat to fly, E. petition, feather.]

1. Convenient; auspicious; favorable; kind; as, a propitious season; a propitious breeze.

2. Hence, kind; gracious; merciful; helpful; -- said of a person or a divinity. Milton.

And now t' assuage the force of this new flame, And make thee [Love] more propitious in my need. Spenser.
Syn. -- Auspicious; favorable; kind. -- Propitious, Auspicious. Auspicious (from the ancient idea of auspices, or omens) denotes "indicative of success," or "favored by incidental occurrences;" as, an auspicious opening; an auspicious event. Propitious denotes that which efficaciously protect us in some undertaking, speeds our exertions, and decides our success; as, propitious gales; propitious influences. -- Pro*pi"tious*ly, adv. -- Pro*pi"tious*ness, n.

Proplasm

Pro"plasm (?), n. [L. proplasma, Gr. A mold; a matrix. [R.] Woodward.

Proplastic

Pro*plas"tic (?), a. Forming a mold.

Proplastics

Pro*plas"tics (?), n. The art of making molds for castings. [R.]

Propleg

Prop"leg` (?), n. [So called because it props up or supports the body.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Proleg.

Propodial

Pro*po"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the propodialia, or the parts of the limbs to which they belong.

Propodiale

Pro*po`di*a"le (?), n.; pl. Propodialia. (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The bone of either the upper arm or the thing, the propodialia being the humerus and femur.

Propodite

Prop"o*dite (?), n. [Pref. pro- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The sixth joint of a typical leg of a crustacean; usually, the penultimate joint.

Propodium

Pro*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Propodia (#). [NL. See Propodiale.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The anterior portion of the foot of a mollusk. (b) The segment which forms the posterior part of the thorax of a hymenopterous insect. [Written also propodeum.]

Propolis

Pro"po*lis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Same as Bee glue, under Bee.

Propone

Pro*pone" (?), v. t. [L. proponere to propose. See Propound.] To propose; to bring forward.

Proponent

Pro*po"nent (?), a. [L. proponens, p. pr.] Making proposals; proposing.

Proponent

Pro*po"nent, n.

1. One who makes a proposal, or lays down a proposition. Dryden.

2. (Law) The propounder of a thing.

Proportion

Pro*por"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. proportio; pro before + portio part or share. See Portion.]

1. The relation or adaptation of one portion to another, or to the whole, as respect magnitude, quantity, or degree; comparative relation; ratio; as, the proportion of the parts of a building, or of the body.

The image of Christ, made after his own proportion. Ridley.
Formed in the best proportions of her sex. Sir W. Scott.
Documents are authentic and facts are true precisely in proportion to the support which they afford to his theory. Macaulay.

2. Harmonic relation between parts, or between different things of the same kind; symmetrical arrangement or adjustment; symmetry; as, to be out of proportion. "Let us prophesy according to the proportion of faith." Rom. xii. 6.

3. The portion one receives when a whole is distributed by a rule or principle; equal or proper share; lot.

Let the women . . . do the same things in their proportions and capacities. Jer. Taylor.

4. A part considered comparatively; a share.

5. (Math.) (a) The equality or similarity of ratios, especially of geometrical ratios; or a relation among quantities such that the quotient of the first divided by the second is equal to that of the third divided by the fourth; -- called also geometrical proportion, in distinction from arithmetical proportion, or that in which the difference of the first and second is equal to the difference of the third and fourth. &hand; Proportion in the mathematical sense differs from ratio. Ratio is the relation of two quantities of the same kind, as the ratio of 5 to 10, or the ratio of 8 to 16. Proportion is the sameness or likeness of two such relations. Thus, 5 to 10 as 8 to 16; that is, 5 bears the same relation to 10 as 8 does to 16. Hence, such numbers are said to be in proportion. Proportion is expressed by symbols thus: a:b::c:d, or a:b = c:d, or a/b = c/d. (b) The rule of three, in arithmetic, in which the three given terms, together with the one sought, are proportional. Continued proportion, Inverse proportion, etc. See under Continued, Inverse, etc. -- Harmonical, ∨ Musical, proportion, a relation of three or four quantities, such that the first is to the last as the difference between the first two is to the difference between the last two; thus, 2, 3, 6, are in harmonical proportion; for 2 is to 6 as 1 to 3. Thus, 24, 16, 12, 9, are harmonical, for 24:9::8:3. -- In proportion, according as; to the degree that. "In proportion as they are metaphysically true, they are morally and politically false." Burke.

Proportion

Pro*por"tion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proportioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proportioning.] [Cf. F. proportionner. Cf. Proportionate, v.]

1. To adjust in a suitable proportion, as one thing or one part to another; as, to proportion the size of a building to its height; to proportion our expenditures to our income.

In the loss of an object we do not proportion our grief to the real value . . . but to the value our fancies set upon it. Addison.

2. To form with symmetry or suitableness, as the parts of the body.

Nature had proportioned her without any fault. Sir P. Sidney.

3. To divide into equal or just shares; to apportion.

Proportionable

Pro*por"tion*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being proportioned, or made proportional; also, proportional; proportionate. -- Pro*por"tion*a*ble*ness, n.
But eloquence may exist without a proportionable degree of wisdom. Burke.
Proportionable, which is no longer much favored, was of our [i. e., English writers'] own coining. Fitzed. Hall.

Proportionably

Pro*por"tion*a*bly, adv. Proportionally. Locke.

Proportional

Pro*por"tion*al (?), a. [L. proportionalis: cf. F. proportionnel.]

1. Having a due proportion, or comparative relation; being in suitable proportion or degree; as, the parts of an edifice are proportional. Milton.

2. Relating to, or securing, proportion. Hutton. 3. (Math.) Constituting a proportion; having the same, or a constant, ratio; as, proportional quantities; momentum is proportional to quantity of matter. Proportional logarithms, logistic logarithms. See under Logistic. -- Proportional scale, a scale on which are marked parts proportional to the logarithms of the natural numbers; a logarithmic scale. -- Proportional scales, compasses, dividers, etc. (Draughting), instruments used in making copies of drawings, or drawings of objects, on an enlarged or reduced scale.

Proportional

Pro*por"tion*al, n.

1. (Math.) Any number or quantity in a proportion; as, a mean proportional.

2. (Chem.) The combining weight or equivalent of an element. [Obs.]

Proportionality

Pro*por`tion*al"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. proportionnalit\'82.] The state of being in proportion. Coleridge.

Proportionally

Pro*por"tion*al*ly (?), adv. In proportion; in due degree; adapted relatively; as, all parts of the building are proportionally large. Sir I. Newton.

Proportionate

Pro*por"tion*ate (?), a. [L. proportionatus. See Proportion.] Adjusted to something else according to a proportion; proportional. Longfellow.
What is proportionate to his transgression. Locke.

Proportionate

Pro*por"tion*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proportionated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proportionating.] [Cf. Proportion, v.] To make proportional; to adjust according to a settled rate, or to due comparative relation; to proportion; as, to proportionate punishment to crimes.

Proportionately

Pro*por"tion*ate*ly (, adv. In a proportionate manner; with due proportion; proportionally.

Proportionateness

Pro*por"tion*ate*ness, n. The quality or state of being proportionate. Sir M. Hale.
Page 1150

Proportionless

Pro*por"tion*less (?), a. Without proportion; unsymmetrical.

Proportionment

Pro*por"tion*ment (?), n. The act or process of dividing out proportionally.

Proposal

Pro*pos"al (?), n. [From Propose.]

1. That which is proposed, or propounded for consideration or acceptance; a scheme or design; terms or conditions proposed; offer; as, to make proposals for a treaty of peace; to offer proposals for erecting a building; to make proposals of marriage. "To put forth proposals for a book." Macaulay.

2. (Law) The offer by a party of what he has in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with acceptance, constitutes a contract. Syn. -- Proffer; tender; overture. See Proposition.

Propose

Pro*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proposing.] [F. proposer; pref. pro- (L. pro for, forward) + poser to place. See Pose, v.]

1. To set forth. [Obs.]

That being proposed brimfull of wine, one scarce could lift it up. Chapman.

2. To offer for consideration, discussion, acceptance, or adoption; as, to propose terms of peace; to propose a question for discussion; to propose an alliance; to propose a person for office.

3. To set before one's self or others as a purpose formed; hence, to purpose; to intend.

I propose to relate, in several volumes, the history of the people of New England. Palfrey. To propose to one's self, to intend; to design.

Propose

Pro*pose", v. i.

1. To speak; to converse. [Obs.]

There shalt thou find my cousin Beatrice, Proposing with the prince and Claudio. Shak.

2. To form or declare a purpose or intention; to lay a scheme; to design; as, man proposes, but God disposes.

3. To offer one's self in marriage.

Propose

Pro*pose", n. [F. propos, L. propositum. See Propound, Purpose, n.] Talk; discourse. [Obs.] Shak.

Proposer

Pro*pos"er (?), n.

1. One who proposes or offers anything for consideration or adoption.

2. A speaker; an orator. [Obs.] Shak.

Proposition

Prop`o*si"tion (?), n. [L. propositio: cf. F. proposition. See Propound.]

1. The act of setting or placing before; the act of offering. "Oblations for the altar of proposition." Jer. Taylor.

2. That which is proposed; that which is offered, as for consideration, acceptance, or adoption; a proposal; as, the enemy made propositions of peace; his proposition was not accepted.

3. A statement of religious doctrine; an article of faith; creed; as, the propositions of Wyclif and Huss.

Some persons . . . change their propositions according as their temporal necessities or advantages do turn. Jer. Taylor.

4. (Gram. & Logic) A complete sentence, or part of a sentence consisting of a subject and predicate united by a copula; a thought expressed or propounded in language; a from of speech in which a predicate is affirmed or denied of a subject; as, snow is white.

5. (Math.) A statement in terms of a truth to be demonstrated, or of an operation to be performed. &hand; It is called a theorem when it is something to be proved, and a problem when it is something to be done.

6. (Rhet.) That which is offered or affirmed as the subject of the discourse; anything stated or affirmed for discussion or illustration.

7. (Poetry) The part of a poem in which the author states the subject or matter of it. Leaves of proposition (Jewish Antiq.), the showbread. Wyclif (Luke vi. 4). Syn. -- Proposal; offer; statement; declaration. -- Proposition, Proposal. These words are both from the Latin verb proponere, to set forth, and as here compared they mark different forms or stages of a negotiation. A proposition is something presented for discussion or consideration; as, propositions of peace. A proposal is some definite thing offered by one party to be accepted or rejected by the other. If the proposition is favorably received, it is usually followed by proposals which complete the arrangement.

Propositional

Prop`o*si"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or in the nature of, a proposition; considered as a proposition; as, a propositional sense. I. Watts.

Propound

Pro*pound" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Propounding.] [From earlier propone, L. proponere, propositum, to set forth, propose, propound; pro for, before + ponere to put. See Position, and cf. Provost.]

1. To offer for consideration; to exhibit; to propose; as, to propound a question; to propound an argument. Shak.

And darest thou to the Son of God propound To worship thee, accursed? Milton.
It is strange folly to set ourselves no mark, to propound no end, in the hearing of the gospel. Coleridge.

2. (Eccl.) To propose or name as a candidate for admission to communion with a church.

Propounder

Pro*pound"er (?), n. One who propounds, proposes, or offers for consideration. Chillingworth.

Propretor

Pro*pre"tor (?), n. [L. propraetor; pro for, before + praetor a pretor.] (Rom. Antiq.) A magistrate who, having been pretor at home, was appointed to the government of a province. [Written also propr\'91tor.]

Proprietary

Pro*pri"e*ta*ry (?), n.; pl. Proprietaries (#). [L. proprietarius: cf. F. propri\'82taire. See Propriety, and cf. Proprietor.]

1. A proprietor or owner; one who has exclusive title to a thing; one who possesses, or holds the title to, a thing in his own right. Fuller.

2. A body proprietors, taken collectively.

3. (Eccl.) A monk who had reserved goods and effects to himself, notwithstanding his renunciation of all at the time of profession.

Proprietary

Pro*pri"e*ta*ry, a. [L. proprietarius.] Belonging, or pertaining, to a proprietor; considered as property; owned; as, proprietary medicine. Proprietary articles, manufactured articles which some person or persons have exclusive right to make and sell. U. S. Statutes.

Proprietor

Pro*pri"e*tor (?), n. [For older proprietary: cf. F. propri\'82tarie.] One who has the legal right or exclusive title to anything, whether in possession or not; an owner; as, the proprietor of farm or of a mill.

Proprietorial

Pro*pri`e*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to ownership; proprietary; as, proprietorial rights.

Proprietorship

Pro*pri"e*tor*ship (?), n. The state of being proprietor; ownership.

Proprietress

Pro*pri"e*tress (?), n. A female proprietor.

Propriety

Pro*pri"e*ty (?), n.; pl. Proprieties (#). [F. propri\'82t\'82, L. proprietas, fr. proprius one's own, proper. See Property, Proper.]

1. Individual right to hold property; ownership by personal title; property. [Obs.] "Onles this propriety be exiled." Robynson (More's Utopia).

So are the proprieties of a wife to be disposed of by her lord, and yet all are for her provisions, it being a part of his need to refresh and supply hers. Jer. Taylor.

2. That which is proper or peculiar; an inherent property or quality; peculiarity. [Obs.] Bacon.

We find no mention hereof in ancient zo\'94graphers, . . . who seldom forget proprieties of such a nature. Sir T. Browne.

3. The quality or state of being proper; suitableness to an acknowledged or correct standard or rule; consonance with established principles, rules, or customs; fitness; appropriateness; as, propriety of behavior, language, manners, etc. "The rule of propriety," Locke.

Proproctor

Pro*proc"tor (?), n. [Pref. pro- + proctor.] [Eng. Univ.] A assistant proctor. Hook.

Props

Props (?), n. pl. A game of chance, in which four sea shells, each called a prop, are used instead of dice.

Propterygium

Prop`te*ryg"i*um (?), n; pl. Propterygia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The anterior of three principal cartilages in the fins of some fishes. -- Prop`ter*yg"i*al (#), a.

Propugn

Pro*pugn" (?), v. t. [L. propugnare; pro for + pugnare to fight.] To contend for; to defend; to vindicate. [Obs.] Hammond.

Propugnacle

Pro*pug"na*cle (?), n. [L. propugnaculum.] A fortress. [Obs.] Howell.

Propugnation

Pro`pug*na"tion (?), n. [L. propugnatio.] Means of defense; defense. [Obs.] Shak.

Propugner

Pro*pugn"er (?), n. A defender; a vindicator. "Zealous propugners." Gov. of Tongue.

Propulsation

Pro`pul*sa"tion (?), n. [L. propulsatio. See Propulse.] The act of driving away or repelling; a keeping at a distance. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Propulse

Pro*pulse" (?), v. t. [L. propulsare, v. intens. from propellere to propel. See Propel.] To repel; to drive off or away. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

Propulsion

Pro*pul"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. propulsion. See Propel.]

1. The act driving forward or away; the act or process of propelling; as, steam propulsion.

2. An impelling act or movement.

God works in all things; all obey His first propulsion. Whittier.

Propulsive

Pro*pul"sive (?), a. Tending, or having power, to propel; driving on; urging. "[The] propulsive movement of the verse." Coleridge.

Propulsory

Pro*pul"so*ry (?), a. Propulsive.

Propyl

Pro"pyl (?), n. [Propionic + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical C3H7, regarded as the essential residue of propane and related compounds.

Propyl\'91um

Prop`y*l\'91"um (?), n.; pl. Propyl\'91a (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Anc. Classical Arch.) Any court or vestibule before a building or leading into any inclosure.

Propylene

Pro"pyl*ene (?), n. [Cf. F. propyl\'8ane.] (Chem.) A colorless gaseous hydrocarbon (C3H6) of the ethylene series, having a garlic odor. It occurs in coal gas, and is produced artificially in various ways. Called also propene.

Propylic

Pro*pyl"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, propyl; as, propylic alcohol.

Propylidene

Pro*pyl"i*dene (?), n. (Chem.) See Propidene.

Propylon

Prop"y*lon, n.; pl. Propyla (#). [NL., from Gr. (Anc. Arch.) The porch, vestibule, or entrance of an edifice.

Pro rata

Pro` ra"ta (?). [L.] In proportion; proportionately; according to the share, interest, or liability of each.

Proratable

Pro*rat"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being prorated, or divided proportionately. [U.S.]

Prorate

Pro*rate" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prorated; p. pr. & vb. n. Prorating.] [From L. pro rata (sc. parte) according to a certain part, in proportion.] To divide or distribute proportionally; to assess pro rata. [U.S.]

Prore

Prore (?), n. [L. prora, Gr. prora. See Prow, n.] The prow or fore part of a ship. [Poetic] "Galleys with vermilion prores." Pope.

Prorector

Pro*rec"tor (?), n. [NL. See Pro-, and Rector.] An officer who presides over the academic senate of a German university. Heyse.

Prorectorate

Pro*rec"tor*ate (?), n. The office of prorector.

Prorenal

Pro*re"nal (?), a. [Pref. pro- + renal.] (Anat.) Pronephric.

Proreption

Pro*rep"tion (?), n. [L. prorepere, proreptum, to creep forth; pro + repere.] A creeping on.

Prorhinal

Pro*rhi"nal (?), a. [Pref. pro- + rhinal.] (Anat.) Situated in front of the nasal chambers.

Prorogate

Pro"ro*gate (?), v. t. To prorogue. [R.]

Prorogation

Pro`ro*ga"tion (?), n. [L. prorogatio: cf. F. prorogation.]

1. The act of counting in duration; prolongation. [Obs.] South.

2. The act of proroguing; the ending of the session of Parliament, and postponing of its business, by the command of the sovereign. [Eng.] &hand; After an adjournment all things continue as they were at the adjournment; whereas, after a prorogation, bill introduced and nut passed are as if they had never been begun at all. Mozley & W.

Prorogue

Pro*rogue" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prorogued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proroguing (?).] [F. proroger, L. prorogare, prorogatum; pro forward + rogare to ask, to ask one for his opinion or vote, or about a law. See Rogation.]

1. To protract; to prolong; to extend. [Obs.]

He prorogued his government. Dryden.

2. To defer; to delay; to postpone; as, to proroguedeath; to prorogue a marriage. Shak.

3. To end the session of a parliament by an order of the sovereign, thus deferring its business.

Parliament was prorogued to [meet at] Westminster. Bp. Hall.
The Parliament was again prorogued to a distant day. Macaulay.
Syn. -- To adjourn; postpone; defer. See Adjourn.

Proruption

Pro*rup"tion (?), n. [L. proruptio, fr. prorumpere, proruptum, to break forth; pro forth + rumpere to break.] The act or state of bursting forth; a bursting out. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Prosaic, Prosaical

Pro*sa"ic (?), Pro*sa"ic*al (?), a. [L. prosaius, from prosa prose: cf. F,. prosa\'8bque. See Prose.]

1. Of or pertaining to prose; resembling prose; in the form of prose; unpoetical; writing or using prose; as, a prosaic composition. Cudworth.

2. Dull; uninteresting; commonplace; unimaginative; prosy; as, a prosaic person. Ed. Rev. -- Pro*sa"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Pro*sa"ic*al*ness, n.

Prosaicism

Pro*sa"i*cism (?), n. The quality or state of being prosaic; a prosaic manner or style. [R.] Poe.

Prosaism

Pro"sa*ism (?), n. That which is in the form of prose writing; a prosaic manner. Coleridge.

Prosaist

Pro"sa*ist (?; 277), n. A writer of prose; an unpoetical writer. "An estimable prosaist." I. Taylor.

Prosal

Pro"sal (?), a Of or pertaining to prose; prosaic. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Proscenium

Pro*sce"ni*um (?), n.; pl. Proscenia (#). [L., fr. Gr. Scene.]

1. (Anc. Theater) The part where the actors performed; the stage.

2. (Modern Theater) The part of the stage in front of the curtain; sometimes, the curtain and its framework. <-- proscenium arch, the framework around the front of the stage. -->

Proscolex

Pro*sco"lex (?), n.; pl. Proscolices (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An early larval form of a trematode worm; a redia. See Redia.

Proscribe

Pro*scribe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proscribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proscribing.] [L. proscribere, proscriptum, to write before, to publish, proscribe; pro before + scribere to write. See Scribe. The sense of this word originated in the Roman practice of writing the names of persons doomed to death, and posting the list in public.]

1. To doom to destruction; to put out of the protection of law; to outlaw; to exile; as, Sylla and Marius proscribed each other's adherents.

Robert Vere, Earl of Oxford, . . . was banished the realm, and proscribed. Spenser.

2. To denounce and condemn; to interdict; to prohibit; as, the Puritans proscribed theaters.

The Arian doctrines were proscribed and anathematized in the famous Council of Nice. Waterland.

Proscriber

Pro*scrib"er (?), n. One who, or that which, proscribes, denounces, or prohibits.

Proscript

Pro"script (?), n. [See Proscribe.]

1. A proscription; a prohibition; an interdict. [R.]

2. One who is proscribed. [R.]

Proscription

Pro*scrip"tion (?), n. [L. proscriptio: cf. F. proscription.]

1. The act of proscribing; a dooming to death or exile; outlawry; specifically, among the ancient Romans, the public offer of a reward for the head of a political enemy; as, under the triumvirate, many of the best Roman citizens fell by proscription.

Every victory by either party had been followed by a sanguinary proscription. Macaulay.

2. The state of being proscribed; denunciation; interdiction; prohibition. Macaulay.

Proscriptional

Pro*scrip"tion*al (?), a. Proscriptive.

Proscriptionist

Pro*scrip"tion*ist, n. One who proscribes.

Proscriptive

Pro*scrip"tive (?), a. Of or pertaining to proscription; consisting in, or of the nature of, proscription; proscribing. Burke. -- Pro*scrip"tive*ly, adv.

Prose

Prose (?), n. [F. prose, L. prosa, fr. prorsus, prosus, straight forward, straight on, for proversus; pro forward + versus, p. p. of vertere to turn. See Verse.]

1. The ordinary language of men in speaking or writing; language not cast in poetical measure or rhythm; -- contradistinguished from verse, or metrical composition.

I speak in prose, and let him rymes make. Chaucer.
Things unattempted yet in prose or rhyme. Milton.
I wish our clever young poets would remember my homely definitions of prose and poetry, that is; prose -- words in their best order; poetry -- the best order. Coleridge.

2. Hence, language which evinces little imagination or animation; dull and commonplace discourse.

3. (R. C. Ch.) A hymn with no regular meter, sometimes introduced into the Mass. See Sequence.

Prose

Prose, a.

1. Pertaining to, or composed of, prose; not in verse; as, prose composition.

2. Possessing or exhibiting unpoetical characteristics; plain; dull; prosaic; as, the prose duties of life.

Prose

Prose, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prosed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prosing.]

1. To write in prose.

2. To write or repeat in a dull, tedious, or prosy way.

Prose

Prose, v. i.

1. To write prose.

Prosing or versing, but chiefly this latter. Milton.

Prosector

Pro*sec"tor (?), n. [L., an anatomist, from prosecare to cut up; pro before + secare to cut.] One who makes dissections for anatomical illustration; usually, the assistant of a professional anatomist.

Prosecutable

Pros"e*cu`ta*ble (?), a. Capable of being prosecuted; liable to prosecution.
Page 1151

Prosecute

Pros"e*cute (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prosecuted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prosecuting.] [L. prosecutus, p. p. of prosequi to follow, pursue. See Pursue.]

1. To follow or pursue with a view to reach, execute, or accomplish; to endeavor to obtain or complete; to carry on; to continue; as, to prosecute a scheme, hope, or claim.

I am beloved Hermia; Why should not I, then, prosecute my right ? Shak.

2. To seek to obtain by legal process; as, to prosecute a right or a claim in a court of law.

3. (Law) To pursue with the intention of punishing; to accuse of some crime or breach of law, or to pursue for redress or punishment, before a legal tribunal; to proceed against judicially; as, to prosecute a man for trespass, or for a riot.

To acquit themselves and prosecute their foes. Milton.

Prosecute

Pros"e*cute, v. i.

1. To follow after. [Obs.] Latimer.

2. (Law) To institute and carry on a legal prosecution; as, to prosecute for public offenses. Blackstone.

Prosecution

Pros`e*cu"tion (?), n. [L. prosecutio a following.]

1. The act or process of prosecuting, or of endeavoring to gain or accomplish something; pursuit by efforts of body or mind; as, the prosecution of a scheme, plan, design, or undertaking; the prosecution of war.

Keeping a sharp eye on her domestics . . . in prosecution of their various duties. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Law) (a) The institution and carrying on of a suit in a court of law or equity, to obtain some right, or to redress and punish some wrong; the carrying on of a judicial proceeding in behalf of a complaining party, as distinguished from defense. (b) The institution, or commencement, and continuance of a criminal suit; the process of exhibiting formal charges against an offender before a legal tribunal, and pursuing them to final judgment on behalf of the state or government, as by indictment or information. (c) The party by whom criminal proceedings are instituted. Blackstone. Burrill. Mozley & W.

Prosecutor

Pros"e*cu`tor (?), n. [Cf. L.prosecutor an attendant.]

1. One who prosecutes or carries on any purpose, plan, or business.

2. (Law) The person who institutes and carries on a criminal suit against another in the name of the government. Blackstone.

Prosecutrix

Pros"e*cu`trix (?), n. [NL.] A female prosecutor.

Proselyte

Pros"e*lyte (?), n. [OE. proselite, OF. proselite, F. proselytus, Gr. A new convert especially a convert to some religion or religious sect, or to some particular opinion, system, or party; thus, a Gentile converted to Judaism, or a pagan converted to Christianity, is a proselyte.
Ye [Scribes and Pharisees] compass sea and land to make one proselyte. Matt. xxiii. 15.
Fresh confidence the speculatist takes From every harebrained proselyte he makes. Cowper.
Syn. -- See Convert.

Proselyte

Pros"e*lyte, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proselyted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proselyting.] To convert to some religion, opinion, or system; to bring over.<-- se proselytize --> Dr. H. More.

Proselytism

Pros"e*ly*tism (?), n. [Cf. F. pros\'82lytisme.]

1. The act or practice of proselyting; the making of converts to a religion or a religious sect, or to any opinion, system, or party.

They were possessed of a spirit of proselytism in the most fanatical degree. Burke.

2. Conversion to a religion, system, or party.

Proselytize

Pros"e*ly*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. proselytized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proselytizing (?).] To convert to some religion, system, opinion, or the like; to bring, or cause to come, over; to proselyte.
One of those whom they endeavor to proselytize. Burke.

Proselytize

Pros"e*ly*tize, v. i. To make converts or proselytes.

Proselytizer

Pros"e*ly*ti`zer, n. One who proselytes.

Proseman

Prose"man (?), n. A writer of prose. [R.]

Proseminary

Pro*sem"i*na*ry (?), n. A seminary which prepares pupils for a higher institution. T. Warton.

Prosemination

Pro*sem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. proseminare, proseminatum, to disseminate.] Propagation by seed. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Prosencephalic

Pros*en`ce*phal"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the prosencephalon.

Prosencephalon

Pros`en*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. encephalon.] [Sometimes abbreviated to proen.] (Anat.) (a) The anterior segment of the brain, including the cerebrum and olfactory lobes; the forebrain. (b) The cerebrum. Huxley.

Prosenchyma

Pros*en"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -enchyma, as in parenchyma.] (Bot.) A general term applied to the tissues formed of elongated cells, especially those with pointed or oblique extremities, as the principal cells of ordinary wood.

Proser

Pros"er (?), n.

1. A writer of prose. [Obs.]

2. One who talks or writes tediously. Sir W. Scott.

Prosiliency

Pro*sil"i*en*cy (?), n. [L. prosilere to leap forth.] The act of leaping forth or forward; projection. "Such prosiliency of relief." Coleridge.

Prosily

Pros"i*ly (?), adv. In a prosy manner.

Prosimetrical

Pros`i*met"ric*al (?), a. [Prose + metrical.] Consisting both of prose and verse. Clarke.

Prosimi\'91

Pro*sim"i*\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pro-. and Simia.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Lemuroidea.

Prosiness

Pros"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being prosy; tediousness; tiresomeness.

Prosing

Pros"ing, n. Writing prose; speaking or writing in a tedious or prosy manner. Sir W. Scott.

Prosingly

Pros"ing*ly, adv. Prosily.

Prosiphon

Pro*si"phon (?), n. [Pref. pro- for + siphon.] (Zo\'94l.) A minute tube found in the protocon

Proslavery

Pro*slav"er*y (?), a. [Pref. pro- + slavery.] Favoring slavery. -- n. Advocacy of slavery.

Prosobranch

Pros"o*branch (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Prosobranchiata.

Prosobranchiata

Pros`o*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The highest division, or subclass, of gastropod mollusks, including those that have the gills situated anteriorly, or forward of the heart, and the sexes separate.

Prosoc\'d2le

Pros"o*c\'d2le (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) The entire cavity of the prosencephalon. B. G. Wilder.

Prosoc\'d2lia

Pros`o*c\'d2"li*a (?), n.; pl. Prosoc\'d2lle (#), [NL.] (Anat.) Same as Prosoc\'d2le.

Prosodiacal

Pros`o*di"a*cal (?), a. Prosodical.

Prosodiacally

Pros`o*di"a*cal*ly, adv. Prosodically.

Prosodial

Pro*so"di*al (?), a. Prosodical.

Prosodian

Pro*so"di*an (?), n. A prosodist. Rush.

Prosodical

Pro*sod"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. prosodique, L. prosodiacus.] Of or pertaining to prosody; according to the rules of prosody. -- Pro*sod"ic*al*ly, adv.

Prosdist

Pros"dist (?), n. One skilled in prosody.

Prosody

Pros"o*dy (?), n. [L. prosodia the tone or accent of a syllable, Gr. prosodie. See Ode.] That part of grammar which treats of the quantity of syllables, of accent, and of the laws of versification or metrical composition.

Prosoma

Pro*so"ma (?), n.; pl. Prosomata. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The anterior of the body of an animal, as of a cephalopod; the thorax of an arthropod.

Prosopalgia

Pros`o*pal"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Facial neuralgia.

Prosopocephala

Pros`o*po*ceph`a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scaphopoda.

Prosopolepsy

Pros`o*po*lep"sy (?), n. [Gr. Respect of persons; especially, a premature opinion or prejudice against a person, formed from his external appearance. [R.] Addison.

Prosopop Pros`o*po*p (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by which things are represented as persons, or by which things inanimate are spoken of as animated beings; also, a figure by which an absent person is introduced as speaking, or a deceased person is represented as alive and present. It includes personification, but is more extensive in its signification.

Prosopulmonata

Pros`o*pul`mo*na"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. pulmo a lung.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of pulmonate mollusks having the breathing organ situated on the neck, as in the common snail.

Prospect

Pros"pect (?), n. [L. prospectus, fr. prospicere, prospectum, to look forward; pro before, forward + specere, spicere, look, to see: cf. OF. prospect. See Spy, v., and cf. Prospectus.]

1. That which is embraced by eye in vision; the region which the eye overlooks at one time; view; scene; outlook.

His eye discovers unaware The goodly prospect of some foreign land. Milton.

2. Especially, a picturesque or widely extended view; a landscape; hence, a sketch of a landscape.

I went to Putney . . . to take prospects in crayon. Evelyn.

3. A position affording a fine view; a lookout. [R.]

Him God beholding from his prospect high. Milton.

4. Relative position of the front of a building or other structure; face; relative aspect.

And their prospect was toward the south. Ezek. xl. 44.

5. The act of looking forward; foresight; anticipation; as, a prospect of the future state. Locke.

Is he a prudent man as to his temporal estate, that lays designs only for a day, without any prospect to, or provision for, the remaining part of life ? Tillotson.

6. That which is hoped for; ground for hope or expectation; expectation; probable result; as, the prospect of success. "To brighter prospects born." Cowper.

These swell their prospectsd exalt their pride, When offers are disdain'd, and love deny'd. Pope.

Prospect

Pros"pect, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prospected; p. pr. & vb. n. Prospecting.] To look over; to explore or examine for something; as, to prospect a district for gold.

Prospect

Pros"pect, v. i. To make a search; to seek; to explore, as for mines or the like; as, to prospect for gold.

Prospection

Pro*spec"tion (?), n. The act of looking forward, or of providing for future wants; foresight.

Prospective

Pro*spec"tive (?), a. [L. prospectivus: cf. F. prospectif. See Prospect, n.]

1. Of or pertaining to a prospect; furnishing a prospect; perspective. [Obs.]

Time's long and dark prospective glass. Milton.

2. Looking forward in time; acting with foresight; -- opposed to retrospective.

The French king of Sweden are circumspect, industrious, and prospective, too, in this affair. Sir J. Child.

3. Being within view or consideration, as a future event or contingency; relating to the future: expected; as, a prospective benefit.

Points on which the promises, at the time of ordination, had no prospective bearing. W. Jay.

Prospective

Pro*spec"tive (?), n.

1. The scene before or around, in time or in space; view; prospect. Sir H. Wotton.

2. A perspective glass. [Obs.] Chaucer. Beau. & Fl.

Prospectively

Pro*spec"tive*ly, adv. In a prospective manner.

Prospectiveness

Pro*spec"tive*ness, n. Quality of being prospective.

Prospectless

Pros"pect*less (?), a. Having no prospect.

Prospector

Pros"pect*or (?), n. [L., one who looks out.] One who prospects; especially, one who explores a region for minerals and precious metals.

Prospectus

Pro*spec"tus (?), n. [L., a prospect, sight, view: cf. F. prospectus. See Prospect.] A summary, plan, or scheme of something proposed, affording a prospect of its nature; especially, an exposition of the scheme of an unpublished literary work.

Prosper

Pros"per (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prospered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prospering.] [F. prosp\'82rer v. i., or L. prosperare, v. i., or L. prosperare, v. t., fr. prosper or prosperus. See Prosperous.] To favor; to render successful. "Prosper thou our handiwork." Bk. of Common Prayer.
All things concur toprosper our design. Dryden.

Prosper

Pros"per, v. i.

1. To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to thrive; to make gain.

They, in their earthly Canaan placed, Long time shall dwell and prosper. Milton.

2. To grow; to increase. [Obs.]

Black cherry trees prosper even to considerable timber. Evelyn.

Prosperity

Pros*per"i*ty (?), n. [F. prosp\'82rit\'82, L. prosperitas. See Prosperous.] The state of being prosperous; advance or gain in anything good or desirable; successful progress in any business or enterprise; attainment of the object desired; good fortune; success; as, commercial prosperity; national prosperity.
Now prosperity begins to mellow. Shak.
Syn. -- Fortunate; successful; flourishing; thriving; favorable; auspicious; lucky. See Fortunate. -- Pros"per*ous*ly, adv. -- Pros"per*ous*ness, n.

Prosphysis

Pros"phy*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A growing together of parts; specifically, a morbid adhesion of the eyelids to each other or to the eyeball. Dunglison.

Prospicience

Pro*spi"cience (?), n. [L. prospicientia, fr. prospiciens, p. pr. of prospicere. See Prospect.] The act of looking forward.

Prostate

Pros"tate (?), a.[Gr. prostate.] (Anat.) Standing before; -- applied to a gland which is found in the males of most mammals, and is situated at the neck of the bladder where this joins the urethra. -- n. The prostate gland.

Prostatic

Pro*stat"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the prostate gland. Prostatic catheter. (Med.) See under Catheter.

Prostatitis

Pros`ta*ti"tis (?), n. [NL. See Prostate, and -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the prostate.

Prosternation

Pros`ter*na"tion (?), n. [F. See Prostration.] Dejection; depression. [Obs.] Wiseman.

Prosternum

Pro*ster"num (?), n. [NL. See Pro- and Sternum.] (Zo\'94l.) The ventral plate of the prothorax of an insect.

Prosthesis

Pros"the*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Surg.) The addition to the human body of some artificial part, to replace one that is wanting, as a log or an eye; -- called also prothesis.

2. (Gram.) The prefixing of one or more letters to the beginning of a word, as in beloved.

Prosthetic

Pros*thet"ic (?), a. [Cf. Gr. Of or pertaining to prosthesis; prefixed, as a letter or letters to a word.

Prostibulous

Pros*tib"u*lous (?), a. [L. prostibulum prostitute.] Of or pertaining to prostitutes or prostitution; meretricious. [Obs.] Bale.

Prostitute

Pros"ti*tute (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prostituted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prostituting.] [L. prostitutus, p. p. of prostituere to prostitute; pro before, forth + statuere to put, place. See Statute.]

1. To offer, as a woman, to a lewd use; to give up to lewdness for hire. "Do not prostitute thy daughter." Lev. xix. 29.

2. To devote to base or unworthy purposes; to give up to low or indiscriminate use; as, to prostitute talents; to prostitute official powers. Milton.

Prostitute

Pros"ti*tute, a. [L. prostitutus, p. p.] Openly given up to lewdness; devoted to base or infamous purposes.
Made bold by want, and prostitute for bread. Prior

Prostitute

Pros"ti*tute, n. [L. prostituta.]

1. A woman giver to indiscriminate lewdness; a strumpet; a harlot.

2. A base hireling; a mercenary; one who offers himself to infamous employments for hire.

No hireling she, no prostitute to praise. Pope.

Prostitution

Pros`ti*tu"tion (?), n. [L. prostitutio: cf. F. prostitution.]

1. The act or practice of prostituting or offering the body to an indiscriminate intercourse with men; common lewdness of a woman.

2. The act of setting one's self to sale, or of devoting to infamous purposes what is in one's power; as, the prostitution of abilities; the prostitution of the press. "Mental prostitution." Byron.


Page 1152

Prostitutor

Pros"ti*tu`tor (?), n. [L.] One who prostitutes; one who submits himself, of or offers another, to vile purposes. Bp. Hurd.

Prostomium

Pro*sto"mi*um (?), n.; pl. Prostomia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) That portion of the head of an annelid situated in front of the mouth. -- Pro*sto"mi*al (#), a.

Prostrate

Pros"trate (?), a. [L. prostratus, p. p. of prosternere to prostrate; pro before, forward + sternere to spread out, throw down. See Stratum.]

1. Lying at length, or with the body extended on the ground or other surface; stretched out; as, to sleep prostrate Elyot.

Groveling and prostrate on yon lake of fire. Milton.

2. Lying at mercy, as a supplicant. Dryden.

3. Lying in a humble, lowly, or suppliant posture.

Prostrate fall Before him reverent, and there confess Humbly our faults. Milton.

4. (Bot.) Trailing on the ground; procumbent.

Prostrate

Pros"trate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prostrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prostrating.]

1. To lay fiat; to throw down; to level; to fell; as, to prostrate the body; to prostrate trees or plants. Evelyn.

2. to overthrow; to demolish; to destroy; to deprive of efficiency; to ruin; as, to prostrate a village; to prostrate a government; to prostrate law or justice.

3. To throw down, or cause to fall in humility or adoration; to cause to bow in humble reverence; used reflexively; as, he prostrated himself. Milman.

4. To cause to sink totally; to deprive of strength; to reduce; as, a person prostrated by fever.

Prostration

Pros*tra"tion (?), n. [L. prostratio: cf. F. prostration.]

1. The act of prostrating, throwing down, or laying fiat; as, the prostration of the body.

2. The act of falling down, or of bowing in humility or adoration; primarily, the act of falling on the face, but usually applied to kneeling or bowing in reverence and worship.

A greater prostration of reason than of body. Shak.

3. The condition of being prostrate; great depression; lowness; dejection; as, a postration of spirits. "A sudden prostration of strength." Arbuthnot.

4. (Med.) A latent, not an exhausted, state of the vital energies; great oppression of natural strength and vigor. &hand; Prostration, in its medical use, is analogous to the state of a spring lying under such a weight that it is incapable of action; while exhaustion is analogous to the state of a spring deprived of its elastic powers. The word, however, is often used to denote any great depression of the vital powers.

Prostyle

Pro"style (?), a. [L. prostylus, Gr. prostyle.] (Arch.) Having columns in front. -- n. A prostyle portico or building.

Prosy

Pros"y (?), a. [Compar. Prosier (?); superl. Prosiest.]

1. Of or pertaining to prose; like prose.

2. Dull and tedious in discourse or writing; prosaic.

Prosylogism

Pro*sy"lo*gism (?), n. [Pref. pro- + syllogism.] (Logic) A syllogism preliminary or logically essential to another syllogism; the conclusion of such a syllogism, which becomes a premise of the following syllogism.

Protactic

Pro*tac"tic (?), a. [Gr. Giving a previous narrative or explanation, as of the plot or personages of a play; introductory. <-- Protactinium. A radioactive chemical element. Atomic symbol Pa; at. no. 91; at. wt. of longest-lived isotope, 231 (T = 32,500 yrs.) Also called brevium, Uranium X2 and UX2. -->

Protagon

Pro"ta*gon (?), n. [Proto- + Gr. Protagonist. So called because it was the first definitely ascertained principle of the brain.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous phosphorized principle found in brain tissue. By decomposition it yields neurine, fatty acids, and other bodies.

Protagonist

Pro*tag"o*nist (?), n. [Gr. One who takes the leading part in a drama; hence, one who takes lead in some great scene, enterprise, conflict, or the like.
Shakespeare, the protagonist on the great of modern poetry. De Quincey.

Protamin

Pro"ta*min (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) An amorphous nitrogenous substance found in the spermatic fluid of salmon. It is soluble in water, which an alkaline reaction, and unites with acids and metallic bases.

Protandric

Pro*tan"dric (?), a. [Proto- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having male sexual organs while young, and female organs later in life. -- Pro*tan"trism (#), n.

Protandrous

Pro*tan"drous (?), a. (Bot.) Proterandrous.

Protasis

Prot"a*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. A proposition; a maxim. Johnson.

2. (Gram.) The introductory or subordinate member of a sentence, generally of a conditional sentence; -- opposed to apodosis. See Apodosis.

3. The first part of a drama, of a poem, or the like; the introduction; opposed to epitasis. B. Jonson.

Protatic

Pro*tat"ic (?), a. [Gr. protaticus, F. protatique.] Of or pertaining to the protasis of an ancient play; introductory.

Proteaceous

Pro`te*a"ceous (?), a. [From Proteus.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Proteace\'91, an order of apetalous evergreen shrubs, mostly natives of the Cape of Good Hope or of Australia.

Protean

Pro"te*an (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to Proteus; characteristic of Proteus. " Protean transformations." Cudworth.

2. Exceedingly variable; readily assuming different shapes or forms; as, an am\'d2ba is a protean animalcule. <-- 3. displaying great variety or versatility. -->

Proteanly

Pro"te*an*ly, adv. In a protean manner. Cudworth.

Protect

Pro*tect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protected; p. pr. & vb. n. Protecting.] [L. protectus, p. p. of protegere, literally, to cover in front; pro before + tegere to cover. See Tegument.] To cover or shield from danger or injury; to defend; to guard; to preserve in safety; as, a father protects his children.
The gods of Greece protect you! Shak.
Syn. -- To guard; shield; preserve. See Defend.

Protectingly

Pro*tect"ing*ly (?), adv. By way of protection; in a protective manner.

Protection

Pro*tec"tion (?), n. [L. protectio: cf. F. protection.]

1. The act of protecting, or the state of being protected; preservation from loss, injury, or annoyance; defense; shelter; as, the weak need protection.

To your protection I commend me, gods. Shak.

2. That which protects or preserves from injury; a defense; a shield; a refuge.

Let them rise up . . . and be your protection. Deut. xxxii. 38.

3. A writing that protects or secures from molestation or arrest; a pass; a safe-conduct; a passport.

He . . . gave them protections under his hand. Macaulay.

4. (Polit. Econ.) A theory, or a policy, of protecting the producers in a country from foreign competition in the home market by the imposition of such discriminating duties on goods of foreign production as will restrict or prevent their importation; -- opposed to free trade. Writ of protection. (Law) (a) A writ by which the king formerly exempted a person from arrest; -- now disused. [Eng.] Blackstone. (b) A judicial writ issued to a person required to attend court, as party, juror, etc., intended to secure him from arrest in coming, staying, and returning. Syn. -- Preservation; defense; guard; shelter; refuge; security; safety.

Protectionism

Pro*tec"tion*ism (?), n. (Polit. Econ.) The doctrine or policy of protectionists. See Protection, 4.

Protectionist

Pro*tec"tion*ist, n. (Polit. Econ.) One who favors protection. See Protection, 4.

Protective

Pro*tect"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. protectif.] Affording protection; sheltering; defensive. " The favor of a protective Providence." Feltham. Protective coloring (Zo\'94l.), coloring which serves for the concealment and preservation of a living organism. Cf. Mimicry. Wallace. -- Protective tariff (Polit. Econ.), a tariff designed to secure protection (see Protection, 4.), as distinguished from a tariff designed to raise revenue. See Tariff, and Protection, 4.

Protectiveness

Pro*tect"ive*ness, n. The quality or state of being protective. W. Pater.

Protector

Pro*tect"or (?), n. [L.: cf. F. protecteur.]

1. One who, or that which, defends or shields from injury, evil, oppression, etc.; a defender; a guardian; a patron.

For the world's protector shall be known. Waller.

2. (Eng. Hist.) One having the care of the kingdom during the king's minority; a regent.

Is it concluded he shall be protector ! Shak.

3. (R. C. Ch.) A cardinal, from one of the more considerable Roman Catholic nations, who looks after the interests of his people at Rome; also, a cardinal who has the same relation to a college, religious order, etc. Lord Protector (Eng. Hist.), the title of Oliver Cromwell as supreme governor of the British Commonwealth (1653-1658).

Protectoral

Pro*tect"or*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a protector; protectorial; as, protectoral power.

Protectorate

Pro*tect"or*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. protectorat.]

1. Government by a protector; -- applied especially to the government of England by Oliver Cromwell.

2. The authority assumed by a superior power over an inferior or a dependent one, whereby the former protects the latter from invasion and shares in the management of its affairs.

Protectorial

Pro`tec*to"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. L. protectorius.] Same as Protectoral.

Protectorless

Pro*tect"or*less (?), a. Having no protector; unprotected.

Protectorship

Pro*tect"or*ship, The office of a protector or regent; protectorate.

Protectress, Protectrix

Pro*tect"ress (?), Pro*tect"rix (?), n. [NL. protectrix.] A woman who protects.

Prot\'82g\'82, n. m. Prot\'82g\'82e

Pro`t\'82`g\'82" (?), n. m. Pro`t\'82`g\'82e" (?), n. f. [F., p. p. of prot\'82ger. See Protect.] One under the care and protection of another.

Proteid

Pro"te*id (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) One of a class of amorphous nitrogenous principles, containing, as a rule, a small amount of sulphur; an albuminoid, as blood fibrin, casein of milk, etc. Proteids are present in nearly all animal fluids and make up the greater part of animal tissues and organs. They are also important constituents of vegetable tissues. See 2d Note under Food. -- Pro"te*id, a.<-- older term for protein. -->

Proteidea

Pro`te*id"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Proteus, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of aquatic amphibians having prominent external gills and four legs. It includes Proteus and Menobranchus (Necturus). Called also Proteoidea, and Proteida.

Proteiform

Pro*te"i*form (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Changeable in form; resembling a Proteus, or an am\'d2ba.

Protein

Pro"te*in (?), n. [Gr. prw^tos first: cf. prwtei^on the first place.] (Physiol. Chem.) A body now known as alkali albumin, but originally considered to be the basis of all albuminous substances, whence its name.<-- This definition is no longer used. Proetin is now defined as any polymer of an amino acid joined by peptide (amide) bonds. Most natural proteins have alpha-amino acids as the monomeric constituents. All classical enzymes are composed of protein, and control most of the biochemical transformations carrie dout in living cells. They may be soluble, as casein, albumins, and other globular proteins, or insoluble (e. g. "structural proteins"), as collagen or keratin. "albumin", an older term for protein, is now used primarily to refer to certain specific soluble globular proteins found in eggs or blood serum, e.g. Bovine serum albumin, used as an enzymatically inert protein in biochemical research. --> Protein crystal. (Bot.) See Crystalloid, n., 2.

Proteinaceous

Pro`te*i*na"*ceous (?), a. (Physiol. Chem.) Of or related to protein; albuminous; proteid.

Proteinous

Pro*te"i*nous (?), a. Proteinaceuos.

Proteles

Pro"te*les (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A South Africa genus of Carnivora, allied to the hyenas, but smaller and having weaker jaws and teeth. It includes the aard-wolf.

Protend

Pro*tend" (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protended; p. pr. & vb. n. Protending.] [L. protendere, protensum; pro before, forth + tendere to stretch.] To hold out; to stretch forth. [Obs.]
With his protended lance he makes defence. Dryden
.

Protense

Pro*tense" (?), n. [See Protend.] Extension.[Obs.] " By due degrees and long protense." Spenser.

Protension

Pro*ten"sion (?), n. [L. protensio.] A drawing out; extension. [R.] Sir W. Hamilton.

Protensive

Pro*ten"sive (?), a. Drawn out; extended. [R.]
Time is a protensive quantity. Sir W. Hamilton.

Proteolysis

Pro`te*ol"y*sis (?), n. [NL. See Proteolytic.] (Physiol. Chem.) The digestion or dissolving of proteid matter by proteolytic ferments.

Proteolytic

Pro`te*o*lyt"ic (?), a. [Proteid + Gr. (Physiol.) Converting proteid or albuminous matter into soluble and diffusible products, as peptones. " The proteolytic ferment of the pancreas." Foster.

Proterandrous

Pro`ter*an"drous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having the stamens come to maturity before the pistil; -- opposed to proterogynous.

Proterandry

Pro`ter*an"dry (?), n. (Bot.) The condition of being proterandrous.

Proteranthous

Pro`ter*an"thous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having flowers appearing before the leaves; -- said of certain plants. Gray.

Proteroglypha

Pro`te*rog"ly*pha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of serpents including those that have permanently erect grooved poison fangs, with ordinary teeth behind them in the jaws. It includes the cobras, the asps, and the sea snakes. Called also Proteroglyphia.

Proterogynous

Pro`ter*og"y*nous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having the pistil come to maturity before the stamens; protogynous; -- opposed to proterandrous.

Proterosaurus

Pro`te*ro*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of reptiles of the Permian period. Called also Protosaurus.

Protervity

Pro*ter"vi*ty (?), n. [L. protervitas, from protervus violent.] Peevishness; petulance. [Obs.] Fuller.

Protest

Pro*test" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Protested; p. pr. & vb. n. Protesting.] [F. protester, L. protestari, pro before + testari to be a witness, testis a witness. See Testify.]

1. To affirm in a public or formal manner; to bear witness; to declare solemnly; to avow.

He protest that his measures are pacific. Landor.
The lady doth protest too much, methinks. Shak.

2. To make a solemn declaration (often a written one) expressive of opposition; -- with against; as, he protest against your votes. Denham.

The conscience has power . . . to protest againts the exorbitancies of the passions. Shak.
Syn. -- To affirm; asseverate; assert; aver; attest; testify; declare; profess. See Affirm.

Protest

Pro*test", v. t.

1. To make a solemn declaration or affirmation of; to proclaim; to display; as, to protest one's loyalty.

I will protest your cowardice. Shak.

2. To call as a witness in affirming or denying, or to prove an affirmation; to appeal to.

Fiercely [they] opposed My journey strange, with clamorous uproar Protesting fate supreme. Milton.
To protest a bill ∨ note (Law), to make a solemn written declaration, in due form, on behalf of the holder, against all parties liable for any loss or damage to be sustained by the nonacceptance or the nonpayment of the bill or note, as the case may be. This should be made by a notary public, whose seal it is the usual practice to affix. Kent. Story.

Protest

Pro"test (?), n. [Cf. F. prot\'88t, It. protesto. See Protest, v.]

1. A solemn declaration of opinion, commonly a formal objection against some act; especially, a formal and solemn declaration, in writing, of dissent from the proceedings of a legislative body; as, the protest of lords in Parliament.

2. (Law) (a) A solemn declaration in writing, in due form, made by a notary public, usually under his notarial seal, on behalf of the holder of a bill or note, protesting against all parties liable for any loss or damage by the nonacceptance or nonpayment of the bill, or by the nonpayment of the note, as the case may be. (b) A declaration made by the master of a vessel before a notary, consul, or other authorized officer, upon his arrival in port after a disaster, stating the particulars of it, and showing that any damage or loss sustained was not owing to the fault of the vessel, her officers or crew, but to the perils of the sea, etc., ads the case may be, and protesting against them. (c) A declaration made by a party, before or while paying a tax, duty, or the like, demanded of him, which he deems illegal, denying the justice of the demand, and asserting his rights and claims, in order to show that the payment was not voluntary. Story. Kent.

Protestancy

Prot"es*tan*cy (?), n. Protestantism. [R.]

Protestant

Prot"es*tant (?), n. [F. protestant, fr. L. protestans, -antis, p. pr. of protestare. See Protest, v.] One who protests; -- originally applied to those who adhered to Luther, and protested against, or made a solemn declaration of dissent from, a decree of the Emperor Charles V. and the Diet of Spires, in 1529, against the Reformers, and appealed to a general council; -- now used in a popular sense to designate any Christian who does not belong to the Roman Catholic or the Greek Church.
Page 1153

Protestant

Prot"es*tant (?), a. [Cf. F. protestant.]

1. Making a protest; protesting.

2. Of or pertaining to the faith and practice of those Christians who reject the authority of the Roman Catholic Church; as, Protestant writers.

Protestantical

Prot`es*tant"ic*al (?), a. Protestant. [Obs.]

Protestantism

Prot"es*tant*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. protestantisme.] The quality or state of being protestant, especially against the Roman Catholic Church; the principles or religion of the Protestants.

Protestantly

Prot"es*tant*ly, adv. Like a Protestant; in conformity with Protestantism. [R.] Milton.

Protestation

Prot`es*ta"tion (?), n. [L. protestatio: cf. F. protestation. See Protest.]

1. The act of making a protest; a public avowal; a solemn declaration, especially of dissent. " The protestation of our faith." Latimer.

2. (Law) Formerly, a declaration in common-law pleading, by which the party interposes an oblique allegation or denial of some fact, protesting that it does or does not exist, and at the same time avoiding a direct affirmation or denial.

Protestator

Prot"es*ta`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. protestateur.] One who makes protestation; a protester.

Protester

Pro*test"er (?), n.

1. One who protests; one who utters a solemn declaration. Shak.

2. (Law) One who protests a bill of exchange, or note.

Protestingly

Pro*test"ing*ly, adv. By way of protesting.

Proteus

Pro"te*us (?), n. [L., Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.) A sea god in the service of Neptune who assumed different shapes at will. Hence, one who easily changes his appearance or principles.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A genus of aquatic eel-shaped amphibians found in caves in Austria. They have permanent external gills as well as lungs. The eyes are small and the legs are weak. (b) A changeable protozoan; an am\'d2ba. <-- 3. a genus of gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, including some species pathogenic in man. -->

Prothalamion, Prothalamium

Pro`tha*la"mi*on (?), Pro`tha*la"mi*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A song in celebration of a marriage. Drayton.

Prothallium

Pro*thal"li*um (?), n.; pl. Prothallia (#). [NL.] (Bot.) Same as Prothallus.

Prothallus

Pro*thal"lus (?), n.; pl. Prothalli (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The minute primary growth from the spore of ferns and other Pteridophyta, which bears the true sexual organs; the o\'94phoric generation of ferns, etc.

Prothesis

Proth"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Eccl.) A credence table; -- so called by the Eastern or Greek Church.

2. (Med.) See Prosthesis. Dunglison.

Prothetic

Pro*thet"ic (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to prothesis; as, a prothetic apparatus.

Prothonotary, ∨ Protonotary

Pro*thon"o*ta*ry (?), ∨ Pro*ton"o*ta*ry (?), n.; pl> -ries (#). [LL. protonotarius, fr. Gr. prw^tos first + L. notarius a shorthand writer, a scribe: cf. F. protonotaire.]

1. A chief notary or clerk. " My private prothonotary." Herrick.

2. Formerly, a chief clerk in the Court of King's Bench and in the Court of Common Pleas, now superseded by the master. [Eng.] Wharton. Burrill.

3. A register or chief clerk of a court in certain States of the United States.

4. (R. C. Ch.) Formerly, one who had the charge of writing the acts of the martyrs, and the circumstances of their death; now, one of twelve persons, constituting a college in the Roman Curia, whose office is to register pontifical acts and to make and preserve the official record of beatifications.

5. (Gr. Ch.) The chief secretary of the patriarch of Constantinople. Prothonotary warbler (Zo\'94l.), a small American warbler (Protonotaria citrea). The general color is golden yellow, the back is olivaceous, the rump and tail are ash-color, several outer tail feathers are partly white.

Prothonotaryship

Pro*thon"o*ta*ry*ship, n. Office of a prothonotary.

Prothoracic

Pro`tho*rac"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the prothorax.

Prothorax

Pro*tho"rax (?), n. [Pref. pro- + thorax.] (Zo\'94l.) The first or anterior segment of the thorax in insects. See Illusts. of Butterfly and Coleoptera.

Pro thyalosoma

Pro* thy`a*lo*so"ma (?), n.; pl. Prothyalosomata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The investing portion, or spherical envelope, surrounding the eccentric germinal spot of the germinal vesicle.

Prothyalosome

Pro*thy"a*lo*some (?), n. (Biol.) Same as Prothyalosoma.

Protist

Pro"tist (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Protista.

Protista

Pro*tis"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. prw`tistos first.] (Zo\'94l.) A provisional group in which are placed a number of low microscopic organisms of doubtful nature. Some are probably plants, others animals.

Protiston

Pro*tis"ton (?), n.; pl. Protista (#). [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Protista.

Proto-

Pro"to- (?). [Gr. prw^tos first, a superl. fr. Pro-.]

1. A combining form prefix signifying first, primary, primordial; as, protomartyr, the first martyr; protomorphic, primitive in form; protoplast, a primordial organism; prototype, protozoan.

2. (Chem.) (a) Denoting the first or lowest of a series, or the one having the smallest amount of the element to the name of which it is prefixed; as protoxide, protochloride, etc. (b) Sometimes used as equivalent to mono-, as indicating that the compound has but one atom of the element to the name of which it is prefixed. Also used adjectively.

Protocanonical

Pro`to*ca*non"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the first canon, or that which contains the authorized collection of the books of Scripture; -- opposed to deutero-canonical.

Protocatechuic

Pro`to*cat`e*chu"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an organic acid which is obtained as a white crystalline substance from catechin, asafetida, oil of cloves, etc., and by distillation itself yields pyrocatechin.

Protocercal

Pro`to*cer"cal (?), a. [Proto- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having a caudal fin extending around the end of the vertebral column, like that which is first formed in the embryo of fishes; diphycercal.

Protococcus

Pro`to*coc"cus (?), n. [NL. See Proto-, and Coccus.] (Bot.) A genus of minute unicellular alg\'91 including the red snow plant (Protococcus nivalis).

Protocol

Pro"to*col (?), n. [F. protocole, LL. protocollum, fr. Gr. prw^tos the first (see Proto-) +

1. The original copy of any writing, as of a deed, treaty, dispatch, or other instrument. Burrill.

2. The minutes, or rough draught, of an instrument or transaction.

3. (Diplomacy) (a) A preliminary document upon the basis of which negotiations are carried on. (b) A convention not formally ratified. (c) An agreement of diplomatists indicating the results reached by them at a particular stage of a negotiation. <-- 4. A strict code of etiquette for conduct of behavior among diplomatic or military personnel. 5. A detailed plan for conduct of a scientific or medical experiment or procedure. A term used especially in conduct of medical research requiring approval of a regulatory agency. -->

Protocol

Pro"to*col, v. t. To make a protocol of.

Protocol

Pro"to*col, v. i. To make or write protocols, or first draughts; to issue protocols. Carlyle.

Protocolist

Pro"to*col`ist, n. One who draughts protocols.

Protoconch

Pro"to*conch (?), n. [Proto- + conch.] (Zo\'94l.) The embryonic shell, or first chamber, of ammonites and other cephalopods.

Proto-Doric

Pro`to-Dor*ic (?), a. [Proto- + Doric.] (Arch.) Pertaining to, or designating, architecture, in which the beginnings of the Doric style are supposed to be found.

Protogine

Pro"to*gine (?), n. [Proto- + root of Gr. protogyne.] (Min.) A kind of granite or gneiss containing a silvery talcose mineral.

Protogynous

Pro*tog"y*nous (?), a. [Proto + Gr. gynh` a woman.] (Bot.) Same as Proterogynous.

Protohippus

Pro`to*hip"pus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of fossil horses from the Lower Pliocene. They had three toes on each foot, the lateral ones being small.

Protomartyr

Pro"to*mar`tyr (?), n. [LL., fr. Gr. protomartyr. See Proto-, and Martyr.] The first martyr; the first who suffers, or is sacrificed, in any cause; -- applied esp. to Stephen, the first Christian martyr.

Protomerite

Pro`to*mer"ite (?), n. [Proto- + -mere + -ite.] (Zo\'94l.) The second segment of one of the Gregarin\'91.

Protomorphic

Pro`to*mor"phic (?), a. [Proto- + Gr. (Biol.) Having the most primitive character; in the earliest form; as, a protomorphic layer of tissue. H. Spencer.

Protonema

Pro`to*ne"ma (?), n.; pl. Protonemata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The primary growth from the spore of a moss, usually consisting of branching confervoid filaments, on any part of which stem and leaf buds may be developed.

Protonotary

Pro*ton"o*ta*ry (?), n. Same as Prothonotary.

Proto\'94rganism

Pro`to*\'94r"gan*ism (?), n. [Proto- + organism.] (Biol.) An organism whose nature is so difficult to determine that it might be referred to either the animal or the vegetable kingdom.

Protopapas

Pro`to*pap"as (, n. [NL., from Gr. (Gr. Ch.) A protopope.

Protophyte

Pro"to*phyte (?), n. [Proto- + Gr. (Bot.) Any unicellular plant, or plant forming only a plasmodium, having reproduction only by fission, gemmation, or cell division. &hand; The protophytes (Protophyta) are by some botanists considered an independent branch or class of the vegetable kingdom, and made to include the lowest forms of both fungi and alg\'91, as slime molds, Bacteria, the nostocs, etc. Cf. Carpophyte, and O\'94phyte.

Protophytology

Pro`to*phy*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Proto- + phytology.] Paleobotany.

Protopine

Pro"to*pine (?), n. [Proto- + opium.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found in opium in small quantities, and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

Protoplasm

Pro"to*plasm (?), n. [Proto- + Gr. (Biol.) The viscid and more or less granular material of vegetable and animal cells, possessed of vital properties by which the processes of nutrition, secretion, and growth go forward; the so-called " physical basis of life;" the original cell substance, cytoplasm, cytoblastema, bioplasm sarcode, etc. &hand; The lowest forms of animal and vegetable life (unicellular organisms) consist of simple or unaltered protoplasm; the tissues of the higher organisms, of differentiated protoplasm.

Protoplasmatic

Pro`to*plas*mat"ic (?), a. Protoplasmic.

Protoplasmic

Pro`to*plas"mic (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to the first formation of living bodies.

2. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to protoplasm; consisting of, or resembling, protoplasm.

Protoplast

Pro"to*plast (?), n. [L. protoplastus the first man, Gr.

1. The thing first formed; that of which there are subsequent copies or reproductions; the original.

2. (Biol.) A first-formed organized body; the first individual, or pair of individuals, of a species.

A species is a class of individuals, each of which is hypothetically considered to be the descendant of the same protoplast, or of the same pair of protoplasts. Latham.
<-- 3. a plant or bacterial cell which has lost its cell wall. As a consequence, protoplasts typically assume a spherical shape, and are unable to resist rupture in a liquid of low osmolarity; but they may live and in some cases divide, provided that the osmotic pressure of the medium is sufficient to prevent expansion to the point of rupture. -->

Protoplasta

Pro`to*plas"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of fresh-water rhizopods including those that have a soft body and delicate branched pseudopodia. The genus Gromia is one of the best-known.

Protoplastic

Pro`to*plas"tic (?), a. First-formed. Howell.

Protopodite

Pro*top"o*dite (?), n. [Proto- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The basal portion, or two proximal and more or less consolidated segments, of an appendage of a crustacean.

Protopope

Pro"to*pope (?), n. [Proto- + pope: cf. F. protopope, Russ. protopop'.] (Gr. Ch.) One of the clergy of first rank in the lower order of secular clergy; an archpriest; -- called also protopapas.

Protopterus

Pro*top"te*rus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) See Komtok.

Protosalt

Pro"to*salt (?), n. [Proto- + salt.] (Chem.) A salt derived from a protoxide base. [Obs.]

Protosilicate

Pro`to*sil"i*cate (?), n. [Proto- + silicate.] (Chem.) A silicate formed with the lowest proportion of silicic acid, or having but one atom of silicon in the molecule.

Protosomite

Pro`to*so"mite (?), n. [Proto- + somite.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the primitive segments, or metameres, of an animal.

Protosulphide

Pro`to*sul"phide (?), n. [Proto- + sulphide.] (Chem.) That one of a series of sulphides of any element which has the lowest proportion of sulphur; a sulphide with but one atom of sulphur in the molecule.

Protosulphuret

Pro`to*sul"phu*ret (?), n. [Proto- + sulphuret.] (Chem.) A protosulphide. [Obs.]

Prototheria

Pro`to*the"ri*a (?) n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Monotremata.

Prototracheata

Pro`to*tra`che*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Proto-, and Trachea.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Malacopoda.

Prototype

Pro"to*type (?), n. [F., from L. prototypus original, primitive, Gr. Proto-, and Type] An original or model after which anything is copied; the pattern of anything to be engraved, or otherwise copied, cast, or the like; a primary form; exemplar; archetype.
They will turn their backs on it, like their great precursor and prototype. Burke.

Protovertebra

Pro`to*ver"te*bra (?), n.; pl. Protovertebr\'91 . [Proto- + vertebra.] (Anat.) One of the primitive masses, or segments, into which the mesoblast of the vertebrate embryo breaks up on either side of the anterior part of the notochord; a mesoblastic, or protovertebral, somite. See Illust. of Ectoderm. &hand; The protovertebr\'91 were long regarded as rudiments of the permanent vertebr\'91, but they are now known to give rise to the dorsal muscles and other structures as well as the vertebral column. See Myotome.

Protovertebral

Pro`to*ver"te*bral (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the protovertebr\'91.

Protoxide

Pro*tox"ide (?), n. [Proto- + oxide: cf. F. protoxide.] (Chem.) That one of a series of oxides having the lowest proportion of oxygen. See Proto-, 2 (b). protoxide of nitrogen, laughing gas, now called hyponitrous oxide<--, used as an anaesthetic in dentistry; now (1950-1996) called nitrous oxide, NO -->. See under Laughing.

Protoxidize

Pro*tox"i*dize (?), v. t. (Chem.) To combine with oxygen, as any elementary substance, in such proportion as to form a protoxide.

Protozoa

Pro`to*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The lowest of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom. &hand; The entire animal consists of a single cell which is variously modified; but in many species a number of these simple zooids are united together so as to form a compound body or organism, as in the Foraminifera and Vorticell\'91. The reproduction takes place by fission, or by the breaking up of the contents of the body after encystment, each portion becoming a distinct animal, or in other ways, but never by true eggs. The principal divisions are Rhizopoda, Gregarin\'91, and Infusoria. See also Foraminifera, Heliozoa, Protoplasta, Radiolaria, Flagellata, Ciliata.

Protozoan

Pro`to*zo"an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Protozoa. -- n. One of the Protozoa.

Protozoic

Pro`to*zo"ic (?), a.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Protozoa.

2. (Geol.) Containing remains of the earliest discovered life of the globe, which included mollusks, radiates and protozoans.

Protozo\'94n

Pro`to*zo"\'94n (-&ocr;n), n.; pl. Protozoa (#). [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the Protozoa. (b) A single zooid of a compound protozoan.

Protozo\'94nite

Pro`to*zo"\'94*nite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the primary, or first-formed, segments of an embryonic arthropod.

Protracheata

Pro*tra`che*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pro-, and Trachea.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Malacopoda.
Page 1154

Protract

Pro*tract" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protracted; p. pr. vb. n. Protracting.] [L. protractus, p. p. of protrahere to forth, protract; pro forward + trahere to draw. See Portrait, Portray.]

1. To draw out or lengthen in time or (rarely) in space; to continue; to prolong; as, to protract an argument; to protract a war.

2. To put off to a distant time; to delay; to defer; as, to protract a decision or duty. Shak.

3. (Surv.) To draw to a scale; to lay down the lines and angles of, with scale and protractor; to plot.

4. (Zo\'94l.) To extend; to protrude; as, the cat can protract its claws; -- opposed to retract.

Protract

Pro*tract", n. [L. protractus.] Tedious continuance or delay. [Obs.] Spenser.

Protracted

Pro*tract`ed (?), a. Prolonged; continued. Protracted meeting,a religious meeting continued for many successive days. [U. S.] -- Pro*tract"ed*ly, adv. -- Pro*tract"ed*ness, n.

Protracter

Pro*tract"er (?), n. A protractor.

Protractile

Pro*tract"ile (?), a. Capable of being protracted, or protruded; protrusile.

Protraction

Pro*trac"tion (?), n. [L. protractio.]

1. A drawing out, or continuing; the act of delaying the termination of a thing; prolongation; continuance; delay; as, the protraction of a debate.

A protraction only of what is worst in life. Mallock.

2. (Surv.) (a) The act or process of making a plot on paper. (b) A plot on paper.

Protractive

Pro*tract"ive (?), a. Drawing out or lengthening in time; prolonging; continuing; delaying.
He suffered their protractive arts. Dryden.

Protractor

Pro*tract"or (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, protracts, or causes protraction.

2. A mathematical instrument for laying down and measuring angles on paper, used in drawing or in plotting. It is of various forms, semicircular, rectangular, or circular.

3. (Surg.) An instrument formerly used in extracting foreign or offensive matter from a wound.

4. (Anat.) A muscle which extends an organ or part; -- opposed to retractor.

5. An adjustable pattern used by tailors. Knight.

Protreptical

Pro*trep"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Adapted to persuade; hortatory; persuasive. [Obs.] Bp. Ward.

Protrudable

Pro*trud"a*ble (?), a. That may be protruded; protrusile. Darwin.

Protrude

Pro*trude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protruded; p. pr. & vb. n. Protruding.] [L. protrudere, protrusum; pro forward + trudere to thrust. See Threat.]

1. To thrust forward; to drive or force along. Locke.

2. To thrust out, as through a narrow orifice or from confinement; to cause to come forth.

When . . . Spring protrudes the bursting gems. Thomson.

Protrude

Pro*trude", v. i. To shoot out or forth; to be thrust forward; to extend beyond a limit; to project.
The parts protrude beyond the skin. Bacon.

Protrusile

Pro*tru"sile (?), a. Capable of being protruded or thrust out; protractile; protrusive.

Protrusion

Pro*tru"sion (?), n.

1. The act of protruding or thrusting forward, or beyond the usual limit.

2. The state of being protruded, or thrust forward.

Protrusive

Pro*tru"sive (?), a.

1. Thrusting or impelling forward; as, protrusive motion. E. Darwin.

2. Capable of being protruded; protrusile.

Protrusively

Pro*tru"sive*ly, adv. In a protrusive manner.

Protuberance

Pro*tu"ber*ance (?), n. [Cf. F. protub\'82rance. See Protuberant.] That which is protuberant swelled or pushed beyond the surrounding or adjacent surface; a swelling or tumor on the body; a prominence; a bunch or knob; an elevation. Solar protuberances (Astron.), certain rose-colored masses on the limb of the sun which are seen to extend beyond the edge of the moon at the time of a solar eclipse. They may be discovered with the spectroscope on any clear day. Called also solar prominences. See Illust. in Append. Syn. -- Projection, Protuberance. protuberance differs from projection, being applied to parts that rise from the surface with a gradual ascent or small angle; whereas a projection may be at a right angle with the surface.

Protuberancy

Pro*tu"ber*an*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being protuberant; protuberance; prominence.

Protuberant

Pro*tu"ber*ant (?), a. [L. protuberans, -antis, p. pr. of protuberare. See Protuberate.] Prominent, or excessively prominent; bulging beyond the surrounding or adjacent surface; swelling; as, a protuberant joint; a protuberant eye. -- Pro*tu"ber*ant*ly, adv.

Protuberate

Pro*tu"ber*ate (?), v. i. [L. protuberare; pro forward + tuber a hump, protuberance. See Tuber.] To swell, or be prominent, beyond the adjacent surface; to bulge out. S. Sharp.

Protuberation

Pro*tu`ber*a"tion (?), n. The act of swelling beyond the surrounding surface. Cooke (1615).

Protuberous

Pro*tu"ber*ous (?), a. Protuberant. [R.]

Protureter

Pro`tu*re"ter (?), n. [NL. See Proto-, Ureter.] (Anat.) The duct of a pronephros. Haeckel.

Protyle

Pro"tyle (?), n. [Proto- + Gr. (Chem. & Astron.) The hypothetical homogeneous cosmic material of the original universe, supposed to have been differentiated into what are recognized as distinct chemical elements.

Proud

Proud (?), a. [Compar. Prouder (?); superl. Proudest.] [OE. proud, prout, prud, prut, AS. pr&umac;t; akin to Icel. pr&umac;&edh;r stately, handsome, Dan. prud handsome. Cf. Pride.]

1. Feeling or manifesting pride, in a good or bad sense; as: (a) Possessing or showing too great self-esteem; overrating one's excellences; hence, arrogant; haughty; lordly; presumptuous.

Nor much expect A foe so proud will first the weaker seek. Milton.
O death, made proud with pure and princely beauty ! Shak.
And shades impervious to the proud world's glare. Keble.
(b) Having a feeling of high self-respect or self-esteem; exulting (in); elated; -- often with of; as, proud of one's country. "Proud to be checked and soothed." Keble.
Are we proud men proud of being proud ? Thackeray.

2. Giving reason or occasion for pride or self-gratulation; worthy of admiration; grand; splendid; magnificent; admirable; ostentatious. "Of shadow proud." Chapman. "Proud titles." Shak. " The proud temple's height." Dryden.

Till tower, and dome, and bridge-way proud Are mantled with a golden cloud. Keble.

3. Excited by sexual desire; -- applied particularly to the females of some animals. Sir T. Browne. &hand; Proud is often used with participles in the formation of compounds which, for the most part, are self-explaining; as, proud-crested, proud-minded, proud-swelling. Proud flesh (Med.), a fungous growth or excrescence of granulations resembling flesh, in a wound or ulcer.

Proudish

Proud"ish (?), a. Somewhat proud. Ash.

Proudling

Proud"ling, n. A proud or haughty person. Sylvester.

Proudly

Proud"ly, adv. In a proud manner; with lofty airs or mien; haughtily; arrogantly; boastfully.
Proudly he marches on, and void of fear. Addison.

Proudness

Proud"ness, n. The quality of being proud; pride.
Set aside all arrogancy and proudness. Latimer.

Proustite

Proust"ite (?), n. [From the French chemist, J. L. Proust.] (Min.) A sulphide of arsenic and silver of a beautiful cochineal-red color, occurring in rhombohedral crystals, and also massive; ruby silver.

Provable

Prov"a*ble (?), a. [See Prove, and cf. Probable.] Capable of being proved; demonstrable. -- Prov"a*ble*ness, n. -- Prov"a*bly, adv.

Provand, Proant

Prov"and (?), Pro"ant (?), n. [See Provender.] Provender or food. [Obs.]
One pease was a soldier's provant a whole day. Beau. & Fl.

Provant

Pro*vant" (?), v. t. To supply with provender or provisions; to provide for. [Obs.] Nash.

Provant

Prov"ant (?), a. Provided for common or general use, as in an army; hence, common in quality; inferior. "A poor provant rapier." B. Jonson.

Prove

Prove (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Proving.] [OE. prover, F. prouver, fr. L. probare to try, approve, prove, fr. probus good, proper. Cf. Probable, Proof, Probe.]

1. To try or to ascertain by an experiment, or by a test or standard; to test; as, to prove the strength of gunpowder or of ordnance; to prove the contents of a vessel by a standard measure.

Thou hast proved mine heart. Ps. xvii. 3.

2. To evince, establish, or ascertain, as truth, reality, or fact, by argument, testimony, or other evidence.

They have inferred much from slender premises, and conjectured when they could not prove. J. H. Newman.

3. To ascertain or establish the genuineness or validity of; to verify; as, to prove a will.

4. To gain experience of the good or evil of; to know by trial; to experience; to suffer.

Where she, captived long, great woes did prove. Spenser.

5. (Arith.) To test, evince, ascertain, or verify, as the correctness of any operation or result; thus, in subtraction, if the difference between two numbers, added to the lesser number, makes a sum equal to the greater, the correctness of the subtraction is proved.

6. (Printing) To take a trial impression of; to take a proof of; as, to prove a page. Syn. -- To try; verify; justify; confirm; establish; evince; manifest; show; demonstrate.

Prove

Prove, v. i.

1. To make trial; to essay.

2. To be found by experience, trial, or result; to turn out to be; as, a medicine proves salutary; the report proves false. "The case proves mortal." Arbuthnot.

So life a winter's morn may prove. Keble.

3. To succeed; to turn out as expected. [Obs.] "The experiment proved not." Bacon.

Provect

Pro*vect" (?), a. [L. provectus, p. p. of provehere to carry forward.] Carried forward; advanced. [Obs.] "Provect in years." Sir T. Flyot.

Provection

Pro*vec"tion (?), n. [L. provectio an advancement.] (Philol.) A carrying forward, as of a final letter, to a following word; as, for example, a nickname for an ekename.

Proveditor

Pro*ved"i*tor (?), n. [It. proveditore, provveditore, fr. provedere, L. providere. See Provide, and cf. Purveyor, Provedore.] One employed to procure supplies, as for an army, a steamer, etc.; a purveyor; one who provides for another. Jer. Taylor.

Provedore

Prov"e*dore (?), n. [Cf. Sp. proveedor. See Proveditor.] A proveditor; a purveyor.
Busied with the duties of a provedore. W. Irving.

Proven

Prov"en (?), p. p. ∨ a. Proved. "Accusations firmly proven in his mind." Thackeray.
Of this which was the principal charge, and was generally believed to beproven, he was acquitted. Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Not proven (Scots Law), a verdict of a jury that the guilt of the accused is not made out, though not disproved. Mozley & W.

Proven&cced;al

Pro`ven`&cced;al" (?), a. [F., fr. Provence, fr. L. provincia province. See Provincial.] Of or pertaining to Provence or its inhabitants.

Proven&cced;al

Pro`ven`&cced;al", n. [F.]

1. A native or inhabitant of Provence in France.

2. The Provencal language. See Langue d'oc.

Provence rose

Prov"ence rose` (?). [Provence the place + rose.] (a) The cabbage rose (Rosa centifolia). (b) A name of many kinds of roses which are hybrids of Rosa centifolia and R. Gallica.

Provencial

Pro*ven"cial (?), a. [See Proven&cced;al.] Of or pertaining to Provence in France.

Provend

Prov"end (?), n. See Provand. [Obs.]

Provender

Prov"en*der (?), n. [OE. provende, F. provende, provisions, provender, fr. LL. praebenda (prae and pro being confused), a daily allowance of provisions, a prebend. See Prebend.]

1. Dry food for domestic animals, as hay, straw, corn, oats, or a mixture of ground grain; feed. "Hay or other provender." Mortimer.

Good provender laboring horses would have. Tusser.

2. Food or provisions. [R or Obs.]

Provent

Prov"ent (?), n. See Provand. [Obs.]

Proventricle

Pro*ven"tri*cle (?), n. (Anat.) Proventriculus.

Proventriulus

Pro`ven*tri"u*lus (?), n. [NL. See Pro-, and Ventricle.] (Anat.) The glandular stomach of birds, situated just above the crop.

Prover

Prov"er (?), n. One who, or that which, proves.

Proverb

Prov"erb (?), n. [OE. proverbe, F. proverbe, from L. proverbium; pro before, for + verbum a word. See Verb.]

1. An old and common saying; a phrase which is often repeated; especially, a sentence which briefly and forcibly expresses some practical truth, or the result of experience and observation; a maxim; a saw; an adage. Chaucer. Bacon.

2. A striking or paradoxical assertion; an obscure saying; an enigma; a parable.

His disciples said unto him, Lo, now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no proverb. John xvi. 29.

3. A familiar illustration; a subject of contemptuous reference.

Thou shalt become an astonishment, a proverb, and a by word, among all nations. Deut. xxviii. 37.

4. A drama exemplifying a proverb. Book of Proverbs, a canonical book of the Old Testament, containing a great variety of wise maxims. Syn. -- Maxim; aphorism; apothegm; adage; saw.

Proverb

Prov"erb, v. t.

1. To name in, or as, a proverb. [R.]

Am I not sung and proverbed for a fool ? Milton.

2. To provide with a proverb. [R.]

I am proverbed with a grandsire phrase. Shak.

Proverb

Prov"erb, v. i. To write or utter proverbs. [R.]

Proverbial

Pro*ver"bi*al (?), a. [L. proverbialis: cf. F. proverbial.]

1. Mentioned or comprised in a proverb; used as a proverb; hence, commonly known; as, a proverbial expression; his meanness was proverbial.

In case of excesses, I take the German proverbial cure, by a hair of the same beast, to be the worst. Sir W. Temple.

2. Of or pertaining to proverbs; resembling a proverb. "A proverbial obscurity." Sir T. Browne.

Proverbialism

Pro*ver"bi*al*ism (?), n. A proverbial phrase.

Proverbialist

Pro*ver"bi*al*ist, n. One who makes much use of proverbs in speech or writing; one who composes, collects, or studies proverbs.

Proverbialize

Pro*ver"bi*al*ize (?), v. t. & i. [Cf. F. proverbialiser.] To turn into a proverb; to speak in proverbs.

Proverbially

Pro*ver"bi*al*ly, adv. In a proverbial manner; by way of proverb; hence, commonly; universally; as, it is proverbially said; the bee is proverbially busy.

Provexity

Pro*vex"i*ty (?), n. [L. provehere to advance. Cf. Provect.] Great advance in age. [Obs.]

Provide

Pro*vide" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provided; p. pr. & vb. n. Providing.] [L. providere, provisum; pro before + videre to see. See Vision, and cf. Prudent, Purvey.]

1. To look out for in advance; to procure beforehand; to get, collect, or make ready for future use; to prepare. "Provide us all things necessary." Shak.

2. To supply; to afford; to contribute.

Bring me berries, or such cooling fruit As the kind, hospitable woods provide. Milton.

3. To furnish; to supply; -- formerly followed by of, now by with. "And yet provided him of but one." Jer. Taylor. "Rome . . . was well provided with corn." Arbuthnot.

4. To establish as a previous condition; to stipulate; as, the contract provides that the work be well done.

5. To foresee. [A Latinism] [Obs.] B. Jonson.

6. To appoint to an ecclesiastical benefice before it is vacant. See Provisor. Prescott.

Provide

Pro*vide", v. i.

1. To procure supplies or means in advance; to take measures beforehand in view of an expected or a possible future need, especially a danger or an evil; -- followed by against or for; as, to provide against the inclemency of the weather; to provide for the education of a child.

Government is a contrivance of human wisdom to provide for human wants. Burke.

2. To stipulate previously; to condition; as, the agreement provides for an early completion of the work.

Provided

Pro*vid"ed (?), conj. On condition; by stipulation; with the understanding; if; -- usually followed by that; as, provided that nothing in this act shall prejudice the rights of any person whatever.
Provided the deductions are logical, they seem almost indifferent to their truth. G. H. Lewes.
&hand; This word is strictly a participle, and the word being is understood, the participle provided agreeing with the whole sentence absolute, and being equivalent to this condition being previously stipulated or established.

Providence

Prov"i*dence (?), n. [L. providentia: cf. F. providence. See Provident, and cf. Prudence.]

1. The act of providing or preparing for future use or application; a making ready; preparation.

Providence for war is the best prevention of it. Bacon.

2. Foresight; care; especially, the foresight and care which God manifests for his creatures; hence, God himself, regarded as exercising a constant wise prescience.

The world was all before them, where to choose Their place of rest, and Providence their guide. Milton.

3. (Theol.) A manifestation of the care and superintendence which God exercises over his creatures; an event ordained by divine direction.

He that hath a numerous family, and many to provide for, needs a greater providence of God. Jer. Taylor.

Page 1155

4. Prudence in the management of one's concerns; economy; frugality.

It is a high point of providence in a prince to cast an eye rather upon actions than persons. Quarles.

Provident

Prov"i*dent (?), a. [L. providens, -entis, p. pr. of providere: cf. F. provident. See Provide, and cf. Prudent.] Foreseeing wants and making provision to supply them; prudent in preparing for future exigencies; cautious; economical; -- sometimes followed by of; as, aprovident man; an animal provident of the future.
And of our good and of our dignity, How provident he is. Milton.
Syn. -- Forecasting; cautious; careful; prudent; frugal; economical.

Providential

Prov`i*den"tial (?), a. [Cf. F. providentiel.] Effected by, or referable to, divine direction or superintendence; as, the providential contrivance of thing; a providential escape. -- Prov"i*den"tial*ly, adv.

Providently

Prov"i*dent*ly (?), adv. In a provident manner.

Providentness

Prov"i*dent*ness, n. The quality or state of being provident; carefulness; prudence; economy.

Provider

Pro*vid"er (?), n. One who provides, furnishes, or supplies; one who procures what is wanted.

Providore

Prov"i*dore (?), n. [See Provedore.] One who makes provision; a purveyor. [R.] De Foe.

Province

Prov"ince (?), n. [F., fr. L. provincia; prob. fr. pro before, for + the root of vincere to conquer. See Victor.]

1. (Roman Hist.) A country or region, more or less remote from the city of Rome, brought under the Roman government; a conquered country beyond the limits of Italy. Wyclif (Acts xiii. 34). Milton.

2. A country or region dependent on a distant authority; a portion of an empire or state, esp. one remote from the capital. "Kingdoms and provinces." Shak.

3. A region of country; a tract; a district.

Over many a tract of heaven they marched, and many a province wide. Milton.
Other provinces of the intellectual world. I. Watts.

4. A region under the supervision or direction of any special person; the district or division of a country, especially an ecclesiastical division, over which one has jurisdiction; as, the province of Canterbury, or that in which the archbishop of Canterbury exercises ecclesiastical authority.

5. The proper or appropriate business or duty of a person or body; office; charge; jurisdiction; sphere.

The woman'sprovince is to be careful in her economy, and chaste in her affection. Tattler.

6. Specif.: Any political division of the Dominion of Canada, having a governor, a local legislature, and representation in the Dominion parliament. Hence, colloquially, The Provinces, the Dominion of Canada.

Provincial

Pro*vin"cial (?), a. [L. provincialis: cf. F. provincial. See Province, and cf. Provencal.]

1. Of or pertaining to province; constituting a province; as, a provincial government; a provincial dialect.

2. Exhibiting the ways or manners of a province; characteristic of the inhabitants of a province; not cosmopolitan; countrified; not polished; rude; hence, narrow; illiberal. "Provincial airs and graces." Macaulay.

3. Of or pertaining to an ecclesiastical province, or to the jurisdiction of an archbishop; not ecumenical; as, a provincial synod. Ayliffe.

4. Of or pertaining to Provence; Provencal. [Obs.]

With two Provincial roses on my razed shoes. Shak.

Provincial

Pro*vin"cial, n.

1. A person belonging to a province; one who is provincial.

2. (R. C. Ch.) A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a province of the order.

Provincialism

Pro*vin"cial*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. provincialisme.] A word, or a manner of speaking, peculiar to a province or a district remote from the mother country or from the metropolis; a provincial characteristic; hence, narrowness; illiberality. M. Arnold.

Provincialist

Pro*vin"cial*ist, n. One who lives in a province; a provincial.

Provinciality

Pro*vin`ci*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being provincial; peculiarity of language characteristic of a province. T. Warton.

Provincialize

Pro*vin"cial*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provincialized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Provincializing (?).] To render provincial. M. Arnold.

Provincially

Pro*vin"cial*ly, adv. In a provincial manner.

Provinciate

Pro*vin"ci*ate (?), v. t. To convert into a province or provinces. [Obs.] Howell.

Provine

Pro*vine" (?), v. i. [F. provingner, fr. provin a set, layer of a plant, OF. provain, from L. propago, -aginis, akin to propagare to propagate. See Propagate, Prune, v. t.] To lay a stock or branch of a vine in the ground for propagation. [Obs.] Johnson.

Provision

Pro*vi"sion (?), n. [L. provisio: cf. F. provision. See Provide.]

1. The act of providing, or making previous preparation. Shak.

2. That which is provided or prepared; that which is brought together or arranged in advance; measures taken beforehand; preparation.

Making provision for the relief of strangers. Bacon.

3. Especially, a stock of food; any kind of eatables collected or stored; -- often in the plural.

And of provisions laid in large, For man and beast. Milton.

4. That which is stipulated in advance; a condition; a previous agreement; a proviso; as, the provisions of a contract; the statute has many provisions.

5. (R. C. Ch.) A canonical term for regular induction into a benefice, comprehending nomination, collation, and installation.

6. (Eng. Hist.) A nomination by the pope to a benefice before it became vacant, depriving the patron of his right of presentation. Blackstone.

Provision

Pro*vi"sion (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provisioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Provisioning.] To supply with food; to victual; as, to provision a garrison.
They were provisioned for a journey. Palfrey.

Provisional

Pro*vi"sion*al (?), a. [Cf. F. provisionnel.] Of the nature of a provision; serving as a provision for the time being; -- used of partial or temporary arrangements; as, a provisional government; a provisional treaty.

Provisionally

Pro*vi"sion*al*ly, adv. By way of provision for the time being; temporarily. Locke.

Provisionary

Pro*vi"sion*a*ry (?), a. Provisional. Burke.

Proviso

Pro*vi"so (?), n.; pl. Provisos (#). [L., (it) being provided, abl. of provisus, p. p. of providere. See Provide, and cf. Purview.] An article or clause in any statute, agreement, contract, grant, or other writing, by which a condition is introduced, usually beginning with the word provided; a conditional stipulation that affects an agreement, contract, law, grant, or the like; as, the contract was impaired by its proviso.
He doth deny his prisoners, But with proviso and exception. Shak.

Provisor

Pro*vi"sor (?), n. [L., fr. providere: cf. F. proviseur. See Provide.]

1. One who provides; a purveyor. [Obs.] "The chief provisor of our horse." Ford.

2. (R. C. Ch.) (a) The purveyor, steward, or treasurer of a religious house. Cowell. (b) One who is regularly inducted into a benefice. See Provision, 5. P. Plowman.

3. (Eng. Hist.) One who procures or receives a papal provision. See Provision, 6.

Provisorily

Pro*vi"so*ri*ly (?), adv. In a provisory manner; conditionally; subject to a proviso; as, to admit a doctrine provisorily. Sir W. Hamilton.

Provisorship

Pro*vi"sor*ship (?), n. The office or position of a provisor. [R.] J. Webster.

Provisory

Pro*vi"so*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. provisoire.]

1. Of the nature of a proviso; containing a proviso or condition; conditional; as, a provisory clause.

2. Making temporary provision; provisional.

Provocation

Prov`o*ca"tion (?), n. [F. provocation, L. provocatio. See Provoke.]

1. The act of provoking, or causing vexation or, anger. Fabyan.

2. That which provokes, or excites anger; the cause of resentment; as, to give provocation. Paley.

3. Incitement; stimulus; as, provocation to mirth.

4. (Law) Such prior insult or injury as may be supposed, under the circumstances, to create hot blood, and to excuse an assault made in retort or redress.

5. An appeal to a court. [A Latinism] [Obs.] Ayliffe.

Provocative

Pro*vo"ca*tive (?), a. [L. provocativus: cf. OF. provocatif.] Serving or tending to provoke, excite, or stimulate; exciting.

Provocative

Pro*vo"ca*tive, n. Anything that is provocative; a stimulant; as, a provocative of appetite.

Provocativeness

Pro*vo"ca*tive*ness, n. Quality of being provocative.

Provocatory

Pro*vo"ca*to*ry (?), a. Provocative.

Provokable

Pro*vok"a*ble (?), a. That may be provoked.

Provoke

Pro*voke" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provoked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Provoking.] [F. provoquer, L. provocare to call forth; pro forth + vocare to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice, cry, call. See Voice.] To call forth; to call into being or action; esp., to incense to action, a faculty or passion, as love, hate, or ambition; hence, commonly, to incite, as a person, to action by a challenge, by taunts, or by defiance; to exasperate; to irritate; to offend intolerably; to cause to retaliate.
Obey his voice, provoke him not. Ex. xxiii. 21.
Ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath. Eph. vi. 4.
Such acts Of contumacy will provoke the Highest To make death in us live. Milton.
Can honor's voice provoke the silent dust? Gray.
To the poet the meaning is what he pleases to make it, what it provokes in his own soul. J. Burroughs.
Syn. -- To irritate; arouse; stir up; awake; excite; incite; anger. See Irritate.

Provoke

Pro*voke", v. i.

1. To cause provocation or anger.

2. To appeal. [A Latinism] [Obs.] Dryden.

Provokement

Pro*voke"ment (?), n. The act that which, provokes; one who excites anger or other passion, or incites to action; as, a provoker of sedition.
Drink, sir, is a great provoker of three things. Shak.

Provoking

Pro*vok"ing, a. Having the power or quality of exciting resentment; tending to awaken passion or vexation; as, provoking words or treatment. -- Pro*vok"ing*ly, adv.

Provost

Prov"ost (?), n. [OF. provost (L. prae and pro being confused), F. prev\'93t, fr. L. praepositus placed before, a chief, fr. praeponere to place before: cf. AS. pr\'befost, pr&omac;fast. See Preposition, and cf. Propound.]

1. A person who is appointed to superintend, or preside over, something; the chief magistrate in some cities and towns; as, the provost of Edinburgh or of Glasgow, answering to the mayor of other cities; the provost of a college, answering to president; the provost or head of certain collegiate churches.

2. The keeper of a prison. [Obs.] Shak. &hand; In France, formerly, a provost was an inferior judge who had cognizance of civil causes. The grand provost of France, or of the household, had jurisdiction in the king's house, and over its officers. Provost marshal (often pronounced . (a) (Mil.) An officer appointed in every army, in the field, to secure the prisoners confined on charges of a general nature. He also performs such other duties pertaining to police and discipline as the regulations of the service or the commander's orders impose upon him. (b) (Nav.) An officer who has charge of prisoners on trial by court-martial, serves notices to witnesses, etc.

Provostship

Prov"ost*ship, n. The office of a provost.

Prow

Prow (?), n. [F. proue (cf. Sp. & Pg. proa, It. prua), L. prora, Gr. Pro-, and cf. Prore.] The fore part of a vessel; the bow; the stem; hence, the vessel itself. Wordsworth.
The floating vessel swum Uplifted, and secure with beaked prow rode tilting o'er the waves. Milton.

Prow

Prow (?), n. See Proa.

Prow

Prow, a. [Compar. Prower (?); superl. Prowest.] [OF.prou, preu, F. preux, fr. L. pro, prod, in prodesse to be useful. See Pro-, and cf. Prude.] Valiant; brave; gallant; courageous. [Archaic] Tennyson.
The prowest knight that ever field did fight. Spenser.

Prow

Prow, n. [OE. & OF. prou. See Prow, a.] Benefit; profit; good; advantage. [Obs.]
That shall be for your hele and for your prow. Chaucer.

Prowess

Prow"ess (?), n. [OF. proece, proesce, F. prouesse. See Prow, a.] Distinguished bravery; valor; especially, military bravery and skill; gallantry; intrepidity; fearlessness. Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney.
He by his prowess conquered all France. Shak.

Prowl

Prowl (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prowled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prowling.] [OE. prollen to search about; of uncertain origin, perh. for proglen, a dim. of prog to beg, or proke to poke. Cf. Proke.]

1. To rove over, through, or about in a stealthy manner; esp., to search in, as for prey or booty.

He prowls each place, still in new colors decked. Sir P. Sidney.

2. To collect by plunder; as, to prowl money. [Obs.]

Prowl

Prowl, v. i. To rove or wander stealthily, esp. for prey, as a wild beast; hence, to prey; to plunder.

Prowl

Prowl, n. The act of prowling. [Colloq.] Smart.

Prowler

Prowl"er (?), n. One that prowls. Thomson.

Prowling

Prowl"ing, a. Accustomed to prowl, or engaged in roving stealthily, as for prey. "A prowling wolf." Milton. -- Prowl"ing*ly, adv.

Prox

Prox (?), n. [Cf. Proxy.] "The ticket or list of candidates at elections, presented to the people for their votes." [Rhode Island] Bartlett.

Proxene

Prox"ene (?), n. [Cf. prox\'8ane.] (Gr. Antiq.) An officer who had the charge of showing hospitality to those who came from a friendly city or state.

Proxenet

Prox"e*net (?), n. [L. proxeneta, Gr. A negotiator; a factor. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Proximad

Prox"i*mad (?), adv. [Proximal + L. ad to.] (Anat.) Toward a proximal part; on the proximal side of; proximally.

Proximal

Prox"i*mal (?), a.

1. Toward or nearest, as to a body, or center of motion of dependence; proximate.

2. (Biol.) (a) Situated near the point of attachment or origin; as, the proximal part of a limb. (b) Of or pertaining to that which is proximal; as, the proximal bones of a limb. Opposed to distal.

Proximally

Prox"i*mal*ly, adv. (Anat.) On or toward a proximal part; proximad.

Proximate

Prox"i*mate (?), a. [L. proximatus, p. p. of proximare to come near, to approach, fr. proximus the nearest, nest, superl. of propior nearer, and prope, adv., near.] Nearest; next immediately preceding or following. "Proximate ancestors." J. S. Harford.
The proximate natural causes of it [the deluge]. T. Burnet.
Proximate analysis (Chem.), an analysis which determines the proximate principles of any substance, as contrasted with an ultimate analysis. -- Proximate cause. (a) A cause which immediately precedes and produces the effect, as distinguished from the remote, mediate, or predisposing cause. I. Watts. (b) That which in ordinary natural sequence produces a specific result, no independent disturbing agencies intervening. -- Proximate principle (Physiol. Chem.), one of a class of bodies existing ready formed in animal and vegetable tissues, and separable by chemical analysis, as albumin, sugar, collagen, fat, etc. Syn. -- Nearest; next; closest; immediate; direct.

Proximately

Prox"i*mate*ly, adv. In a proximate manner, position, or degree; immediately.

Proxime

Prox"ime (?), a. [L. proximus. See Proximate.] Next; immediately preceding or following. [Obs.]

Proximious

Prox*im"i*ous (?), a. Proximate. [Obs.]

Proximity

Prox*im"i*ty (?), n. [L. proximitas: cf. F. proximit\'82 See Proximate, and cf. Propinquity, Approach.] The quality or state of being next in time, place, causation, influence, etc.; immediate nearness, either in place, blood, or alliance.
If he plead proximity of blood That empty title is with ease withstood. Dryden.

Proximo

Prox"i*mo (?). [L., on the next, abl. of proximus next.] In the next month after the present; -- often contracted to prox.; as, on the 3d proximo.

Proxy

Prox"y (?), n.; pl. Proxies (#). [Contr. from procuracy. Cf. Proctor.]

1. The agency for another who acts through the agent; authority to act for another, esp. to vote in a legislative or corporate capacity.

I have no man's proxy: I speak only for myself. Burke.

2. The person who is substituted or deputed to act or vote for another.

Every peer . . . may make another lord of parliament his proxy, to vote for him in his absence. Blackstone.

3. A writing by which one person authorizes another to vote in his stead, as in a corporation meeting.

4. (Eng. Law) The written appointment of a proctor in suits in the ecclesiastical courts. Burrill.

5. (Eccl.) See Procuration. [Obs.]

Proxy

Prox"y, v. i. To act or vote by proxy; to do anything by the agency of another. [R.]

Proxyship

Prox"y*ship, n. The office or agency of a proxy.

Pruce

Pruce (?), n. [OE. for Prussia: cf. F. Prusse.] Prussian leather. [Obs.] Dryden.
Page 1156

Prude

Prude (?), n. [F., prudish, originally, discreet, modest; shortened from OF. prudefeme, preudefeme, a discreet or excellent woman; OF. preu, prou, excellent, brave + de of + fete woman. See Prow, a., Prowess.] A woman of affected modesty, reserve, or coyness; one who is overscrupulous or sensitive; one who affects extraordinary prudence in conduct and speech.
Less modest than the speech of prudes. Swift.

Prudence

Pru"dence (?), n. [F., fr. L. prudentia, contr. from providentia. See Prudent, and cf. Providence.] The quality or state of being prudent; wisdom in the way of caution and provision; discretion; carefulness; hence, also, economy; frugality.
Prudence is principally in reference to actions to be done, and due means, order, seasons, and method of doing or not doing. Sir M. Hale.
Prudence supposes the value of the end to be assumed, and refers only to the adaptation of the means. It is the relation of right means for given ends. Whewell.
Syn. -- Wisdom; forecast; providence; considerateness; judiciousness; discretion; caution; circumspection; judgment. See Wisdom.

Prudency

Pru"den*cy (?), n. Prudence. [Obs.] Hakluyt.

Prudent

Pru"dent (?), a. [L. prudens, -entis, contr. from providens: cf. F. prudent. See Provident.]

1. Sagacious in adapting means to ends; circumspect in action, or in determining any line of conduct; practically wise; judicious; careful; discreet; sensible; -- opposed to rash; as, a prudent man; dictated or directed by prudence or wise forethought; evincing prudence; as, prudent behavior.

Moses established a grave and prudent law. Milton.

2. Frugal; economical; not extravagant; as, a prudent woman; prudent expenditure of money. Syn. -- Cautious; wary; circumspect; considerate; discreet; judicious; provident; economical; frugal. <-- note sensible and careful in def. above. Why not here??? -->

Prudential

Pru*den"tial (?), a.

1. Proceeding from, or dictated or characterized by, prudence; prudent; discreet; sometimes, selfish or pecuniary as distinguished from higher motives or influences; as, prudential motives. " A prudential line of conduct." Sir W. Scott.

2. Exercising prudence; discretionary; advisory; superintending or executive; as, a prudential committee.

Prudential

Pru*den"tial, n. That which relates to or demands the exercise of, discretion or prudence; -- usually in the pl.
Many stanzas, in poetic measures, contain rules relating to common prudentials as well as to religion. I. Watts.

Prudentialist

Pru*den"tial*ist, n. One who is governed by, or acts from, prudential motives. [R.] Coleridge.

Prudentiality

Pru*den`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being prudential. Sir T. Browne.

Prudentially

Pru*den"tial*ly (?), adv. In a prudential manner; prudently. South.

Prudently

Pru"dent*ly (?), adv. In a prudent manner.

Prudery

Prud"er*y (?), n.; pl. Pruderies (#). [F. pruderie. See Prude.] The quality or state of being prudish; excessive or affected scrupulousness in speech or conduct; stiffness; coyness. Cowper.

Prudhomme

Prud*homme" (?), n. [F. prud'homme. cf. Prude.] A trustworthy citizen; a skilled workman. See Citation under 3d Commune, 1.

Prudish

Prud"ish (?), a. Like a prude; very formal, precise, or reserved; affectedly severe in virtue; as, a prudish woman; prudish manners.
A formal lecture, spoke with prudish face. Garrick.

Prudishly

Prud"ish*ly, adv. In a prudish manner.

Pruinate

Pru"i*nate (?), a. Same as Pruinose.

Pruinose

Pru"i*nose` (?), a. [L. pruinosus, fr. pruina hoarfrost.] Frosty; covered with fine scales, hairs, dust, bloom, or the like, so as to give the appearance of frost.

Pruinous

Pru"i*nous (?), a. Frosty; pruinose.

Prune

Prune (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pruned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pruning.] [OE. proine, probably fr. F. provigner to lay down vine stocks for propagation; hence, probably, the meaning, to cut away superfluous shoots. See Provine.]

1. To lop or cut off the superfluous parts, branches, or shoots of; to clear of useless material; to shape or smooth by trimming; to trim: as, to prune trees; to prune an essay. Thackeray.

Taking into consideration how they [laws] are to be pruned and reformed. Bacon.
Our delightful task To prune these growing plants, and tend these flowers. Milton.

2. To cut off or cut out, as useless parts.

Horace will our superfluous branches prune. Waller.

3. To preen; to prepare; to dress. Spenser.

His royal bird Prunes the immortal wing and cloys his beak. Shak.

Prune

Prune, v. i. To dress; to prink; -used humorously or in contempt. Dryden.

Prune

Prune, n. [F. prune, from L. prunum a plum. See Plum.] A plum; esp., a dried plum, used in cookery; as, French or Turkish prunes; California prunes. German prune (Bot.), a large dark purple plum, of oval shape, often one-sided. It is much used for preserving, either dried or in sirup. Prune tree. (Bot.) (a) A tree of the genus Prunus (P. domestica), which produces prunes. (b) The West Indian tree, Prunus occidentalis. -- South African prune (Bot.), the edible fruit of a sapindaceous tree (Pappea Capensis).

Prunella

Pru*nel"la (?), n. [NL., perhaps from G. br\'91une quinsy, croup.] (Med.) (a) Angina, or angina pectoris. (b) Thrush. Prunella salt (Old Chem.), niter fused and cast into little balls.

Prunella, Prunello

Pru*nel"la, Pru*nel"lo, n. [F. prunelle, probably so called from its color resembling that of prunes. See Prune, n.] A smooth woolen stuff, generally black, used for making shoes; a kind of lasting; -- formerly used also for clergymen's gowns.

Prunelle

Pru*nelle" (?), n. [F., dim. of prune. See Prune, n.] A kind of small and very acid French plum; -- applied especially to the stoned and dried fruit.

Prunello

Pru*nel"lo (?), n. [F. prunelle, dim. of prune. See Prune a plum.] A species of dried plum; prunelle.

Pruner

Prun"er (?), n.

1. One who prunes, or removes, what is superfluous.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of beetles whose larv\'91 gnaw the branches of trees so as to cause them to fall, especially the American oak pruner (Asemum m\'d2stum), whose larva eats the pith of oak branches, and when mature gnaws a circular furrow on the inside nearly to the bark. When the branches fall each contains a pupa.

Pruniferous

Pru*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. prunum a plum + -ferous.] Bearing plums.

Pruning

Prun"ing (?), n.

1. The act of trimming, or removing what is superfluous.

2. (Falconry) That which is cast off by bird in pruning her feathers; leavings. Beau. & Fl. Pruning hook, ∨ Pruning knife, cutting instrument used in pruning trees, etc. -- Pruning shears, shears for pruning trees, vines, etc.

Prunus

Pru"nus (?), n. [L., a plum tree.] (Bot.) A genus of trees with perigynous rosaceous flowers, and a single two-ovuled carpel which usually becomes a drupe in ripening. &hand; Originally, this genus was limited to the plums, then, by Linn\'91us, was made to include the cherries and the apricot. Later botanists separated these into several genera, as Prunus, Cerasus, and Armeniaca, but now, by Bentham and Hooker, the plums, cherries, cherry laurels, peach, almond, and nectarine are all placed in Prunus.

Prurience, Pruriency

Pru"ri*ence (?), Pru"ri*en*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being prurient.
The pruriency of curious ears. Burke.
There is a prurience in the speech of some. Cowper.

Prurient

Pru"ri*ent (?), a. [L. pruries, -entis, p. pr. of prurire to itch. Cf. Freeze.] Uneasy with desire; itching; especially, having a lascivious curiosity or propensity; lustful. -- Pru"ri*ent*ly, adv.
The eye of the vain and prurient is darting from object to object of illicit attraction. I. Taylor.

Pruriginous

Pru*rig"i*nous (?), a. [L. pruriginosus: cf. F. prurigineux.] (Med.) Tending to, or caused by, prurigo; affected by, or of the nature of, prurigo.

Prurigo

Pru*ri"go (?), n. [L., an itching, the itch, fr. prurire to itch.] (Med.) A papular disease of the skin, of which intense itching is the chief symptom, the eruption scarcely differing from the healthy cuticle in color.

Pruritus

Pru*ri"tus (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Itching.

Prussian

Prus"sian (?), a. [From Prussia, the country: cf. F. prussien.] Of or pertaining to Prussia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Prussia. Prussian blue (Chem.), any one of several complex double cyanides of ferrous and ferric iron; specifically, a dark blue amorphous substance having a coppery luster, obtained by adding a solution of potassium ferrocyanide (yellow prussiate of potash) to a ferric salt. It is used in dyeing, in ink, etc. Called also Williamson's blue, insoluble Prussian blue, Berlin blue, etc. -- Prussian carp (Zo\'94l.) See Gibel. -- Prussian green. (Chem.) Same as Berlin green, under Berlin.

Prussiate

Prus"si*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. prussiate.] (Chem.) A salt of prussic acid; a cyanide. Red prussiate of potash. See Potassium ferricyanide, under Ferricyanide. Yellow prussiate of potash. See Potassium ferrocyanide, under Ferrocyanide.

Prussic

Prus"sic (?), a. [Cf. F. prussique.] (Old Chem.) designating the acid now called hydrocyanic acid, but formerly called prussic acid, because Prussian blue is derived from it or its compounds. See Hydrocyanic.

Prutenic

Pru*ten"ic (?), a. (Astron.) Prussian; -- applied to certain astronomical tables published in the sixteenth century, founded on the principles of Copernicus, a Prussian.

Pry

Pry (?), n. [Corrupted fr. prize a lever. See Prize, n.] A lever; also, leverage. [Local, U. S. & Eng.] Pry pole, the pole which forms the prop of a hoisting gin, and stands facing the windlass.

Pry

Pry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Prying.] To raise or move, or attempt to raise or move, with a pry or lever; to prize. [Local, U. S. & Eng.]

Pry

Pry, v. i. [OE. prien. Cf. Peer to peep.] To peep narrowly; to gaze; to inspect closely; to attempt to discover something by a scrutinizing curiosity; -- often implying reproach. " To pry upon the stars." Chaucer.
Watch thou and wake when others be asleep, To pry into the secrets of the state. Shak.

Pry

Pry, n. Curious inspection; impertinent peeping.

Pryan

Pry"an (?), n. (Mining) See Prian.

Prying

Pry"ing, a. Inspecting closely or impertinently. Syn. -- Inquisitive; curious. See Inquisitive.

Pryingly

Pry"ing*ly, adv. In a prying manner.

Prytaneum

Pryt`a*ne"um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A public building in certain Greek cities; especially, a public hall in Athens regarded as the home of the community, in which official hospitality was extended to distinguished citizens and strangers.

Prytanis

Pryt"a*nis (?), n.; pl. Prytanes (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A member of one of the ten sections into which the Athenian senate of five hundred was divided, and to each of which belonged the presidency of the senate for about one tenth of the year.

Prytany

Pryt"a*ny (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) The period during which the presidency of the senate belonged to the prytanes of the section.

Prythee

Pryth"ee (?), interj. See Prithee.

Psalm

Psalm (?), n. [OE. psalm, salm, AS. sealm, L. psalmus, psalma, fr. Gr. psalme, salme, F. psaume.]

1. A sacred song; a poetical composition for use in the praise or worship of God.

Humus devout and holy psalms Singing everlastingly. Milton.

2. Especially, one of the hymns by David and others, collected into one book of the Old Testament, or a modern metrical version of such a hymn for public worship.

Psalm

Psalm, v. t. To extol in psalms; to sing; as, psalming his praises. Sylvester.

Psalmist

Psalm"ist (?), n. [L. psalmista, Gr. psalmiste. See Psalm.]

1. A writer or composer of sacred songs; -- a title particularly applied to David and the other authors of the Scriptural psalms.

2. (R. C. Ch.) A clerk, precentor, singer, or leader of music, in the church.

Psalmistry

Psalm"ist*ry (?), n. The use of psalms in devotion; psalmody.

Psalmodic, Psalmodical

Psal*mod"ic (?), Psal*mod"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. psalmodique.] Relating to psalmody.

Psalmodist

Psal"mo*dist (?), n. One who sings sacred songs; a psalmist.

Psalmodize

Psal"mo*dize (?), v. i. To practice psalmody. " The psalmodizing art." J. G. Cooper.

Psalmody

Psal"mo*dy (?), n. [Gr. psalmodie, LL. psalmodia. See Psalm, and Ode.] The act, practice, or art of singing psalms or sacred songs; also, psalms collectively, or a collection of psalms.

Psalmograph

Psal"mo*graph (?), n. [See Psalmographer.] A writer of psalms; a psalmographer.

Psalmographer, Psalmographist

Psal*mog"ra*pher (?), Psal*mog"ra*phist (?), n. [L. psalmographus, Gr. A writer of psalms, or sacred songs and hymns.

Psalmography

Psal*mog"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. psalmographie.] The act or practice of writing psalms, or sacred songs.

Psalter

Psal"ter (?), n. [OE. psauter, sauter, OF. sautier, psaltier, F. psautier, from L. psalterium. See Psaltery.]

1. The Book of Psalms; -- often applied to a book containing the Psalms separately printed.

2. Specifically, the Book of Psalms as printed in the Book of Common Prayer; among the Roman Catholics, the part of the Breviary which contains the Psalms arranged for each day of the week.

3. (R. C. Ch.) A rosary, consisting of a hundred and fifty beads, corresponding to the number of the psalms.

Psalterial

Psal*te"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the psalterium.

Psalterium

Psal*te"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Psalteria (#). [L., a psaltery.] (Anat.) (a) The third stomach of ruminants. See Manyplies. (b) The lyra of the brain.

Psaltery

Psal"ter*y (?), n.; pl. Psalteries (#). [OE. sautrie, OF. psalterie, F. psalt\'82rion, L. psalterium psaltery, psalter, from Gr. Psalm, Psalter.] A stringed instrument of music used by the Hebrews, the form of which is not known.
Praise the Lord with harp; sing unto him with the psaltery and an instrument of ten strings. Ps. xxxiii. 2.

Psammite

Psam"mite (?), n. [Gr. psammite.] (Min.) A species of micaceous sandstone. -- Psam*mit"ic (#), a.

Psarolite

Psar"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Paleon.) A silicified stem of tree fern, found in abundance in the Triassic sandstone.

Psellism

Psel"lism (?), n. [Gr. Indistinct pronunciation; stammering.

Psephism

Pse"phism (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A proposition adopted by a majority of votes; especially, one adopted by vote of the Athenian people; a statute. J. P. Mahaffy.

Pseud\'91sthesia

Pseu`d\'91s*the"si*a (?), n. [NL. See Pseudo-, and \'92sthesia.] (Physiol.) False or imaginary feeling or sense perception such as occurs in hypochondriasis, or such as is referred to an organ that has been removed, as an amputated foot.<-- a phenom also called phantom limbs -->

Pseudembryo

Pseu*dem"bry*o (?), n. [Pseudo- + embryo.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A false embryo. (b) An asexual form from which the true embryo is produced by budding.

Pseudepigraphic, Pseudepigraphic

Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic (?), Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to pseudepigraphy.

Pseudepigraphous

Pseu`de*pig"ra*phous (?), a. [Gr. Pseudo-, and Epigraphy.] Inscribed with a false name. Cudworth.

Pseudepigraphy

Pseu`de*pig"ra*phy (?), n. The ascription of false names of authors to works.

Pseudh\'91mal

Pseud*h\'91"mal (?), a. [Pseudo- + h\'91mal.] (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the vascular system of annelids. Pseudh\'91mal fluid, the circulatory fluid, or blood, of annelids, analogous to the blood of vertebrates. It is often red, but is sometimes green or colorless. -- Pseudh\'91mal vessels, the blood vessels of annelids.

Pseudo-

Pseu"do- (?). [Gr. A combining form or prefix signifying false, counterfeit, pretended, spurious; as, pseudo-apostle, a false apostle; pseudo-clergy, false or spurious clergy; pseudo-episcopacy, pseudo-form, pseudo-martyr, pseudo-philosopher. Also used adjectively.

Pseudobacteria

Pseu`do*bac*te"ri*a (?), n. pl. [Pseudo- + bacteria.] (Biol.) Microscopic organic particles, molecular granules, powdered inorganic substances, etc., which in form, size, and grouping resemble bacteria. The globules which divide and develop in form of chains are organized beings; when this does not occur, we are dealing with pseudobacteria. Sternberg.
Page 1157

Pseudoblepsis

Pseu`do*blep"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) False or depraved sight; imaginary vision of objects. Forsyth.

Pseudobranch

Pseu"do*branch (?), n. (Anat.) Same as Pseudobranchia.

Pseudobranchia

Pseu`do*bran"chi*a (?), n.; pl. Pseudobranchi\'91 (#). [NL. See Pseudo-, and Branchia.] (Anat.) A rudimentary branchia, or gill. -- Pseu`do*bran"chi*al (#), a.

Pseudo-bulb

Pseu"do-bulb` (?), n. [Pseudo- + bulb.] (Bot.) An a\'89rial corm, or thickened stem, as of some epiphytic orchidaceous plants.

Pseudocarp

Pseu"do*carp (?), n. [Pseudo- + Gr. (Bot.) That portion of an anthocarpous fruit which is not derived from the ovary, as the soft part of a strawberry or of a fig.

Pseudo-china

Pseu`do-chi"na (?), n. [Pseudo- + china.] (Bot.) The false china root, a plant of the genus Smilax (S. Pseudo-china), found in America.

Pseudoc\'d2le

Pseu"do*c\'d2le (?), n. Same as Pseudoc\'d2lia.

Pseudoc\'d2lia

Pseu`do*c\'d2"li*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The fifth ventricle in the mammalian brain. See Ventricle. B. G. Wilder.

Pseudo-cone

Pseu"do-cone` (?), n. [Pseudo- + cone.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the soft gelatinous cones found in the compound eyes of certain insects, taking the place of the crystalline cones of others.

Pseudo-cumene

Pseu`do-cu"mene (?), n. [Pseudo- + cumene.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon of the aromatic series, metameric with mesitylene and cumene, found in coal tar, and obtained as a colorless liquid.

Pseudo-dipteral

Pseu`do-dip"ter*al (?), a. [Pseudo- + dipteral: cf. F. pseudodipt\'8are.] (Arch.) Falsely or imperfectly dipteral, as a temple with the inner range of columns surrounding the cella omitted, so that the space between the cella wall and the columns is very great, being equal to two intercolumns and one column. -- n. A pseudo-dipteral temple.

Pseudodox

Pseu"do*dox (?), a. [Gr. Not true in opinion or doctrine; false. -- n. A false opinion or doctrine. "To maintain the atheistical pseudodox which judgeth evil good, and darkness light." T. Adams.

Pseudofilaria

Pseu`do*fi*la"ri*a (?), n.; pl. Pseudofilari (#). [NL. See Pseudo-, and Filaria.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the two elongated vibratile young formed by fission of the embryo during the development of certain Gregarin\'91.

Pseudo-galena

Pseu`do-ga*le"na (?), n. [Pseudo- + galena.] (Min.) False galena, or blende. See Blende (a).

Pseudograph

Pseu"do*graph (?), n. [See Pseudography.] A false writing; a spurious document; a forgery.

Pseudography

Pseu*dog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. False writing; forgery.

Pseudohalter

Pseu`do*hal"ter (?), n.; pl. Pseudohalteres (#). [NL. See Pseudo-, and Halteres.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the rudimentary front wings of certain insects (Stylops). They resemble the halteres, or rudimentary hind wings, of Diptera.

Pseudo-heart

Pseu"do-heart` (?), n. [Pseudo- + heart.] (Zo\'94l.) Any contractile vessel of invertebrates which is not of the nature of a real heart, especially one of those pertaining to the excretory system.

Pseudo-hyperthophic

Pseu`do-hy`per*thoph"ic (?), a. [Pseudo- + hypertrophic.] (Med.) Falsely hypertrophic; as, pseudo-hypertrophic paralysis, a variety of paralysis in which the muscles are apparently enlarged, but are really degenerated and replaced by fat.

Pseudologist

Pseu*dol"o*gist (?), n. [Gr. One who utters falsehoods; a liar.

Pseudology

Pseu*dol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. pseudologie.] Falsehood of speech. Arbuthnot.

Pseudo-metallic

Pseu`do-me*tal"lic (?), a. [Pseudo- + metallic.] Falsely or imperfectly metallic; -- said of a kind of luster, as in minerals.

Pseudo-monocotyledonous

Pseu`do-mon`o*cot`y*led"on*ous (?), a. [Pseudo- + monocotyledonous.] (Bot.) Having two coalescent cotyledons, as the live oak and the horse-chestnut.

Pseudomorph

Pseu"do*morph (?), n. [See Pseudomorphous.]

1. An irregular or deceptive form.

2. (Crystallog.) A pseudomorphous crystal, as a crystal consisting of quartz, but having the cubic form of fluor spar, the fluor crystal having been changed to quartz by a process of substitution.

Pseudomorphism

Pseu`do*mor"phism (?), n. (Crystallog.) The state of having, or the property of taking, a crystalline form unlike that which belongs to the species.

Pseudomorphous

Pseu`do*mor"phous (?), a. [Gr. pseudomorphe.] Not having the true form. Pseudomorphous crystal, one which has a form that does not result from its own powers of crystallization.

Pseudonavicella

Pseu`do*nav`i*cel"la (?), n.; pl. Pseudonavicull\'91 (#). [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pseudonavicula.

Pseudonavicula

Pseu`do*na*vic"u*la (?), n.; pl. Pseudonavicul\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. navicula, a genus of diatoms. See Navicular.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the minute spindle-shaped embryos of Gregarin\'91 and some other Protozoa.

Pseudoneuroptera

Pseu`do*neu*rop"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pseudo-, and Neuroptera.] (Zo\'94l.) division of insects (Zo\'94l.) reticulated wings, as in the Neuroptera, but having an active pupa state. It includes the dragon flies, May flies, white ants, etc. By some zo\'94logists they are classed with the Orthoptera; by others, with the Neuroptera.

Pseudoneuropterous

Pseu`do*neu*rop"ter*ous (?), a. (Zool.) Of or pertaining to the Pseudoneuroptera.

Pseudonym

Pseu"do*nym (?), n. [Cf. F. pseudonyme. See Pseudonymous.] A fictitious name assumed for the time, as by an author; a pen name. [Written also pseudonyme.]

Pseudonumity

Pseu`do*num"i*ty (?), n. The using of fictitious names, as by authors.

Pseudonymous

Pseu*don"y*mous (?), a. [Gr. pseudonyme. See Pseudo-, and Name.] Bearing a false or fictitious name; as, a pseudonymous work. -- Pseu*don"y*mous*ly, adv. -- Pseu*don"y*mous*ness, n.

Pseuso-peripteral

Pseu`so-pe*rip"ter*al (?), a. [Pseudo- + peripteral: cf. F. pseudop\'82ript\'8are.] (Arch.) Falsely or imperfectly peripteral, as a temple having the columns at the sides attached to the walls, and an ambulatory only at the ends or only at one end. -- n. A pseudo-peripteral temple. Oxf. Gloss.

Pseudopod

Pseu"do*pod (?), n. [Pseudo- + -pod.]

1. (Biol.) Any protoplasmic filament or irregular process projecting from any unicellular organism, or from any animal or plant call.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A rhizopod.

Pseudopodial

Pseu`do*po"di*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a pseudopod, or to pseudopodia. See Illust. of Heliozoa.

Pseudopodium

Pseu`do*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Pseudopodia (. [NL.] Same as Pseudopod.

Pseudopupa

Pseu`do*pu"pa (?), n.; pl. L. Pseudopup\'91 (#), E. Pseudopupas (#). [NL. See Pseudo-, and Pupa.] (Zo\'94l.) A stage intermediate between the larva and pupa of bees and certain other hymenopterous insects.

Pseudorhabdite

Pseu`do*rhab"dite (?), n. [Pseudo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the peculiar rodlike corpuscles found in the integument of certain Turbellaria. They are filled with a soft granular substance.

Pseudo-romantic

Pseu`do-ro*man"tic (?), a. Pseudo- + romantic.]Falsely romantic.
The false taste, the pseudo-romantic rage. De Quincey.

Pseudoscope

Pseu"do*scope (?), n. [Pseudo- + -scope.] (Opt.) An instrument which exhibits objects with their proper relief reversed; -- an effect opposite to that produced by the stereoscope. Wheatstone.

Pseudoscopic

Pseu`do*scop"ic (?), a. (Opt.) Of, pertaining to, or formed by, a pseudoscope; having its parts appearing with the relief reversed; as, a pseudoscopic image.

Pseudoscorpiones

Pseu`do*scor`pi*o"nes (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pseudo-, and Scorpion.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Arachnoidea having the palpi terminated by large claws, as in the scorpions, but destitute of a caudal sting; the false scorpions. Called also Pseudoscorpii, and Pseudoscorpionina. See Illust. of Book scorpion, under Book.

Pseudosphere

Pseu"do*sphere` (?), n. [Pseudo- + sphere.] (Geom.) The surface of constant negative curvature generated by the revolution of a tractrix. This surface corresponds in non-Euclidian space to the sphere in ordinary space. An important property of the surface is that any figure drawn upon it can be displaced in any way without tearing it or altering in size any of its elements.

Pseudospore

Pseu"do*spore` (?), n. [Pseudo- + spore.] (Bot.)A peculiar reproductive cell found in some fungi.

Pseudostella

Pseu`do*stel"la (?), n.; pl. -l\'91. [NL., fr. Gr. stella star.] (Astron.) Any starlike meteor or phenomenon. [R.]

Pseudostoma

Pseu*dos"to*ma (?), n.; pl. Pseudostomata (#). [NL. See Pseudo-, and Stoma.] (Anat.) A group of cells resembling a stoma, but without any true aperture among them.

Pseudo-symmetric

Pseu`do-sym*met"ric (?), a. (Crystallog.) Exhibiting pseudo-symmetry.

Pseudo-symmetry

Pseu`do-sym"me*try (?), n. [Pseudo- + symmetry.] (Crystallog.) A kind of symmetry characteristic of certain crystals which from twinning, or other causes, come to resemble forms of a system other than that to which they belong, as the apparently hexagonal prisms of aragonite.

Pseudotetramera

Pseu`do*te*tram"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pseudo-, and Tetramerous.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of beetles having the fifth tarsal joint minute and obscure, so that there appear to be but four joints. -- Pseu`do*te*tram"er*al (#), a.

Pseudotinea

Pseu`do*tin"e*a (, n.; pl. Pseudotine\'91 (#). [NL. See Pseudo-, and Tinea.] (Zo\'94l.) The bee moth, or wax moth (Galleria).

Pseudoturbinal

Pseu`do*tur"bi*nal (?), a. [Pseudo- + turbinal.] (Anat.) See under Turbinal.

Pseudovary

Pseu*do"va*ry (?), n.; pl. Pseudovaries (#). [Pseudo- + ovary.] (Zo\'94l.) The organ in which pseudova are produced; -- called also pseudovarium.

Pseudovum

Pseu*do"vum (?), n.; pl. Pseudova (#). [NL. See Pseudo-, and Ovum.] (Zo\'94l.) An egglike germ produced by the agamic females of some insects and other animals, and by the larv\'91 of certain insects. It is capable of development without fertilization. See Illust. of P\'91dogenesis.

Pshaw

Pshaw (?), interj. [Of imitative origin.] Pish! pooch! -- an exclamation used as an expression of contempt, disdain, dislike, etc. [Written also psha.]

Pshaw

Pshaw (?), v. i. To express disgust or contemptuous disapprobation, as by the exclamation " Pshaw!"
The goodman used regularly to frown and pshaw wherever this topic was touched upon. Sir W. Scott.

Psilanthropic

Psi`lan*throp"ic (?), a. [see Psilanthropist.] Pertaining to, or embodying, psilanthropy. "A psilanthropic explanation." Coleridge.

Psilanthropism

Psi*lan"thro*pism (?), n. Psilanthropy.

Psilanthropist

Psi*lan"thro*pist (?), n. [Gr. One who believes that Christ was a mere man. Smart.

Psilanthropy

Psi*lan"thro*py (?), n. The doctrine of the merely human existence of Christ.

Psilology

Psi*lol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr -logy.] Love of empty of empty talk or noise. Coleridge.

Psilomelane

Psi*lom"e*lane (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A hydrous oxide of manganese, occurring in smooth, botryoidal forms, and massive, and having an iron-black or steel-gray color.

Psilop\'91des

Psi`lo*p\'91"des (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) birds whose young at first have down on the pteryl\'91 only; -- called also Gymnop\'91des.

Psilop\'91dic

Psi`lo*p\'91d"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having down upon the pteryl\'91 only; -- said of the young of certain birds.

Psilosopher

Psi*los"o*pher, n. [Gr. A superficial or narrow pretender to philosophy; a sham philosopher.

Psittaceous, Psittacid

Psit*ta"ceous (?), Psit"ta*cid (?), a. [L. psittacus a parrot, Gr. psittacide.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the parrots, or the Psittaci. -- n. One of the Psittaci.

Psittaci

Psit"ta*ci (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The order of birds which comprises the parrots.

Psitta-co-fulvine

Psit`ta-co-ful"*vine (?), n. [Gr. fulvus yellow.] A yellow pigment found in the feathers of certain parrots.

Psoas

Pso"as (?), n. [Gr. psoas.] (Anat.) An internal muscle arising from the lumbar vertebr\'91 and inserted into the femur. In man there are usually two on each side, and the larger one, or great psoas, forms a part of the iliopsoas.

Psora

Pso"ra (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) A cutaneous disease; especially, the itch.

Psoriasis

Pso*ri"a*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) The state of being affected with psora. [Obs.] (b) A cutaneous disease, characterized by imbricated silvery scales, affecting only the superficial layers of the skin.

Psoric

Pso"ric (?), a. [L. psoricus, Gr. psorique.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to psora.

Psorosperm

Pso"ro*sperm (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A minute parasite, usually the young of Gregarin\'91, in the pseudonavicula stage.

Psychagogic

Psy`cha*gog"ic (?), a. [Gr. Psychagogue.] Attractive; persuasive. J. Morley.

Psychagogue

Psy"cha*gogue (?), n. [Gr. A necromancer. [R.]

Psychal

Psy"chal (?), a. [See Psychical.] Of or pertaining to the soul; psychical. Bayne.

Psyche

Psy"che (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class Myth.) A lovely maiden, daughter of a king and mistress of Eros, or Cupid. She is regarded as the personification of the soul.

2. The soul; the vital principle; the mind.

3. [F. psych\'82.] A cheval glass.

Psychian

Psy"chi*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any small moth of the genus Psyche and allied genera (family Psychid\'91). The larv\'91 are called basket worms. See Basket worm, under Basket.

Psychiatria, Psychiatry

Psy*chi`a*tri"a (?), Psy*chi"a*try (?), n. [NL. psychiatria, fr. Gr. (Med.) The application of the healing art to mental diseases. Dunglison.

Psychiatric

Psy`chi*at"ric (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to psychiatria.

Psychic, Psychical

Psy"chic (?), Psy"chic*al (?), a. [L. psychicus, Gr. psychique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the human soul, or to the living principle in man. &hand; This term was formerly used to express the same idea as psychological. Recent metaphysicians, however, have employed it to mark the difference between psychh` the living principle in man, and pney^ma the rational or spiritual part of his nature. In this use, the word describes the human soul in its relation to sense, appetite, and the outer visible world, as distinguished from spiritual or rational faculties, which have to do with the supersensible world. Heyse.

2. Of or pertaining to the mind, or its functions and diseases; mental; -- contrasted with physical. Psychical blindness, Psychical deafness (Med.), forms of nervous disease in which, while the senses of sight and hearing remain unimpaired, the mind fails to appreciate the significance of the sounds heard or the images seen. -- Psychical contagion, the transference of disease, especially of a functional nervous disease, by mere force of example. -- Psychical medicine, that department of medicine which treats of mental diseases.<-- psychiatry? -->

Psychics

Psy"chics (?), n. Psychology.

Psychism

Psy"chism (?), n. [Cf. F. psychisme.] (Philos.) The doctrine of Quesne, that there is a fluid universally diffused, end equally animating all living beings, the difference in their actions being due to the difference of the individual organizations. Fleming.
Page 1158

Psycho-

Psy"cho- (?). A combining form from Gr. the soul
, the mind, the understanding; as, psychology.

Psychogenesis

Psy`cho*gen"e*sis (?), n. Genesis through an internal force, as opposed to natural selection.

Psychography

Psy*chog"ra*phy (?), n. [Psycho- + -graphy.]

1. A description of the phenomena of mind.

2. (Spiritualism) Spirit writing.

Psychologic, Psychological

Psy`cho*log"ic (?), Psy`cho*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. psychologique.] Of or pertaining to psychology. See Note under Psychic. -- Psy`cho*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

Psychologist

Psy*chol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. psychologiste.] One who is versed in, devoted to, psychology.

Psychologue

Psy"cho*logue (?), n. A psychologist.

Psychology

Psy*chol"o*gy (?), n. pl. Psychologies (. [Psycho- + -logy: cf. F. psychologie. See Psychical.] The science of the human soul; specifically, the systematic or scientific knowledge of the powers and functions of the human soul, so far as they are known by consciousness; a treatise on the human soul.
Psychology, the science conversant about the phenomena of the mind, or conscious subject, or self. Sir W. Hamilton.

Psychomachy

Psy*chom"a*chy (?), n. [L. psychomachia, fr. Gr. A conflict of the soul with the body.

Psychomancy

Psy"cho*man`cy (?), n. [Psycho- + -mancy: cf. F. psychomancie.] Necromancy.

Psychometry

Psy*chom"e*try (?), n. [Psycho- + -metry.] (Physiol.) The art of measuring the duration of mental processes, or of determining the time relations of mental phenomena. -- Psy`cho*met"ric (#), a.

Psycho-motor

Psy`cho-mo"tor (?), a. [Psycho- + motor.] Of or pertaining to movement produced by action of the mind or will.

Psychopannychism

Psy"cho*pan"ny*chism (?), n. [Psycho- + Gr. (Theol.) The doctrine that the soul falls asleep at death, and does not wake until the resurrection of the body. -- Psy`cho*pan"ny*chism (#), n.

Psychopathy

Psy*chop"a*thy (?), n. [Psycho- + Gr. (Med.) Mental disease. See Psychosis, 2. -- Psy`cho*path"ic, a. -- Psy*chop"a*thist, n.

Psychophysical

Psy`cho*phys"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to psychophysics; involving the action or mutual relations of the psychical and physical in man. Psychophysical time (Physiol.), the time required for the mind to transform a sensory impression into a motor impulse. It is an important part of physiological or reaction time. See under Reaction.

Psychophysics

Psy`cho*phys"ics (?), n. [Psycho- + physics.] The science of the connection between nerve action and consciousness; the science which treats of the relations of the psychical and physical in their conjoint operation in man; the doctrine of the relation of function or dependence between body and soul.

Psychopomp

Psy"cho*pomp (?), n. [Gr. psychopompe.] (Myth.) A leader or guide of souls . J. Fiske.

Psychosis

Psy*cho"sis (?), n. [NL. See Psycho-.]

1. Any vital action or activity. Mivart.

2. (Med.) A disease of the mind; especially, a functional mental disorder, that is, one unattended with evident organic changes.

Psychozoic

Psy`cho*zo"ic (?), a. [Psycho- + Gr. (Geol.)Designating, or applied to the Era of man; as, the psychozoic era.

Psychrometer

Psy*chrom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. psychro`s cold + -meter: cf. F. psychrom\'8atre.] An instrument for measuring the tension of the aqueous vapor in the atmosphere, being essentially a wet and dry bulb hygrometer.

Psychrometrical

Psy`chro*met"ric*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the psychrometer or psychrometry.

Psychrometry

Psy*chrom"e*try (?), n. Hygrometry.

Psylla

Psyl"la (?), n.; pl. Psyll\'91 (#). [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any leaping plant louse of the genus Psylla, or family Psyllid\'91.

Ptarmigan

Ptar"mi*gan (?), n. [Gael. tarmachan; cf. Ir. tarmochan, tarmonach.] (Zo\'94l.) Any grouse of the genus Lagopus, of which numerous species are known. The feet are completely feathered. Most of the species are brown in summer, but turn white, or nearly white, in winter. &hand; They chiefly inhabit the northern countries and high mountains of Europe, Asia, and America. The common European species is Lagopus mutus. The Scotch grouse, red grouse, or moor fowl (L. Scoticus), is reddish brown, and does not turn white in winter. The white, or willow, ptarmigan (L. albus) is found in both Europe and America.

Ptenoglossa

Pte`no*glos"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of gastropod mollusks having the teeth of the radula arranged in long transverse rows, somewhat like the barbs of a feather.

Ptenoglossate

Pte`no*glos"sate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Ptenoglossa.

Pteranodon

Pte*ran"o*don (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of American Cretaceous pterodactyls destitute of teeth. Several species are known, some of which had an expanse of wings of twenty feet or more.

Pteranodontia

Pte*ran`o*don"ti*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Paleon.) A group of pterodactyls destitute of teeth, as in the genus Pteranodon.

Pterichthys

Pte*rich"thys (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of Devonian fossil fishes with winglike appendages. The head and most of the body were covered with large bony plates. See Placodermi.

Pteridologist

Pter`i*dol"o*gist (?), n. One who is versed in pteridology.

Pteridology

Pter`i*dol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] That department of botany which treats of ferns.

Pteridomania

Pter`i*do*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Gr. mania.] A madness, craze, or strong fancy, for ferns. [R.] C. Kingsley.

Pteridophyta

Pter`i*doph"y*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A class of flowerless plants, embracing ferns, horsetails, club mosses, quillworts, and other like plants. See the Note under Cryptogamia. -- Pter"i*do*phyte` (#), n. &hand; This is a modern term, devised to replace the older ones acrogens and vascular Cryptogamia.

Pterobranchia

Pter`o*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of marine Bryozoa, having a bilobed lophophore and an axial cord. The genus Rhabdopleura is the type. Called also Podostomata. See Rhabdopleura.

Pteroceras

Pte*roc"e*ras (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large marine gastropods having the outer border of the lip divided into lobes; -- called also scorpion shell.

Pterocletes

Pter`o*cle"tes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr Pterocles, the typical genus, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of birds including the sand grouse. They are in some respects intermediate between the pigeons and true grouse. Called also Pteroclomorph\'91.

Pterodactyl

Pter`o*dac"tyl (?), n. [Gr. pt\'82rodactyle.] (Paleon.) An extinct flying reptile; one of the Pterosauria. See Illustration in Appendix.

Pterodactyli

Pter`o*dac"ty*li (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Paleon.) Same as Pterosauria.

Pteroglossal

Pter`o*glos"sal (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the tongue finely notched along the sides, so as to have a featherlike appearance, as the toucans.

Pteron

Pte"ron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The region of the skull, in the temporal fossa back of the orbit, where the great wing of the sphenoid, the temporal, the parietal, and the frontal hones approach each other.

Pteropappi

Pter`o*pap"pi (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zool.) Same as Odontotorm\'91.

Pterophore

Pter"o*phore (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any moth of the genus Pterophorus and allied genera; a plume moth. See Plume moth, under Plume.

Pteropod

Pter"o*pod (?), n. [Gr. pt\'82ropode.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Pteropoda.

Pteropoda

Pte*rop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A class of Mollusca in which the anterior lobes of the foot are developed in the form of broad, thin, winglike organs, with which they swim at near the surface of the sea. &hand; The Pteropoda are divided into two orders: Cymnosomata, which have the body entirely naked and the head distinct from the wings; and Thecosomata, which have a delicate transparent shell of various forms, and the head not distinct from the wings.

Pteropodous

Pte*rop"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Pteropoda.

Pterosaur

Pter"o*saur (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) A pterodactyl.

Pterosauria

Pter`o*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Paleon.) An extinct order of flying reptiles of the Mesozoic age; the pterodactyls; -- called also Pterodactyli, and Ornithosauria. &hand; The wings were formed, like those of bats, by a leathery expansion of the skin, principally supported by the greatly enlarged outer or " little" fingers of the hands. The American Cretaceous pterodactyls had no teeth. See Pteranodontia, and Pterodactyl.

Pterosaurian

Pter`o*sau"ri*an (?), a. (Paleon.) Of or pertaining to the Pterosauria.

Pterostigma

Pter`o*stig"ma (?), n.; pl. Pterostigmata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A thickened opaque spot on the wings of certain insects.

Pterotic

Pte*ro"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to, or designating, a bone between the pro\'94tic and epiotic in the dorsal and outer part of the periotic capsule of many fishes. -- n. The pterotic bone. &hand; The pterotic bone is so called because fancied in some cases to resemble in form a bird's wing

Pterygium

Pte*ryg"i*um (?), n.; pl. E. Pterygiums (#), L. Pterygia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A superficial growth of vascular tissue radiating in a fanlike manner from the cornea over the surface of the eye.

Pterygoid

Pter"y*goid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Anat.) (a) Like a bird's wing in form; as, a pterygoid bone. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pterygoid bones, pterygoid processes, or the whole sphenoid bone. -- n. A pterygoid bone. Pterygoid bone (Anat.), a bone which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the human skull, but which, in all vertebrates below mammals, is not connected with the posterior nares, but serves to connect the palatine bones with the point of suspension of the lower jaw. -- Pterygoid process (Anat.), a process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in man divided into two plates, an inner and an outer. The posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes.

Pterygomaxillary

Pter`y*go*max"il*la*ry (?), a. [Pterygoid + maxillary.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the inner pterygoid plate, or pterygoid bone, and the lower jaw.

Pterygopalatine

Pter`y*go*pal"a*tine (?), a. [Pterygoid + palatine.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pterygoid processes and the palatine bones.

Pterygopodium

Pter`y*go*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Pterygopodia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A specially modified part of the ventral fin in male elasmobranchs, which serves as a copulatory organ, or clasper.

Pterygoquadrate

Pter`y*go*quad"rate (?), a. [Pterygoid + quadrate.] (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or representing the pterygoid and quadrate bones or cartilages.

Pteryla

Pte*ry"la (?), n.; pl. Pteryl\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the definite areas of the skin of a bird on which feathers grow; -- contrasted with apteria.

Pterylography

Pter`y*log"ra*phy (?), n. [Pteryla + -graphy.] (Zo\'94l.) The study or description of the arrangement of feathers, or of the pteryl\'91, of birds.

Pterylosis

Pter`y*lo"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. NL. & E. pteryla.] (Zo\'94l.) The arrangement of feathers in definite areas.

Ptilocerque

Ptil"o*cerque (?), n. [Gr. (Zool.) The pentail.

Ptilop\'91des

Ptil`o*p\'91"des (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Dasyp\'91des.

Ptilop\'91dic

Ptil`o*p\'91d"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having nearly the whole surface of the skin covered with down; dasyp\'91dic; -- said of the young of certain birds.

Ptilopteri

Pti*lop"te*ri (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of birds including only the penguins.

Ptilosis

Pti*lo"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pterylosis.

Ptisan

Ptis"an (?), n. [L. ptisana peeled barley, barley water, Gr. ptisane, tisane.]

1. A decoction of barley with other ingredients; a farinaceous drink.

2. (Med.) An aqueous medicine, containing little, if any, medicinal agent; a tea or tisane.

Ptolemaic

Ptol`e*ma"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Ptolemy, the geographer and astronomer. Ptolemaic system (Astron.), the system maintained by Ptolemy, who supposed the earth to be fixed in the center of the universe, with the sun and stars revolving around it. This theory was received for ages, until superseded by the Copernican system.

Ptolemaist

Ptol"e*ma`ist (?), n. One who accepts the astronomical system of Ptolemy.

Ptomaine

Pto"ma*ine (?), n. [From Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) One of a class of animal bases or alkaloids formed in the putrefaction of various kinds of albuminous matter, and closely related to the vegetable alkaloids; a cadaveric poison. The ptomaines, as a class, have their origin in dead matter, by which they are to be distinguished from the leucomaines.

Ptosis

Pto"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Drooping of the upper eyelid, produced by paralysis of its levator muscle.
Page 1159

Ptyalin

Pty"a*lin (?), n. [Gr. Ptyalism.] (Physiol. Chem.) An unorganized amylolytic ferment, on enzyme, present in human mixed saliva and in the saliva of some animals.

Ptyalism

Pty"a*lism (?), n. [Gr. ptyalisme.] Salivation, or an excessive flow of saliva. Quain.

Ptyalogogue

Pty*al"o*gogue (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A ptysmagogue.

Ptysmagogue

Ptys"ma*gogue (?), n. [Gr. ptysmagogue.] (Med.) A medicine that promotes the discharge of saliva.

Ptyxis

Ptyx"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The way in which a leaf is sometimes folded in the bud.

Pubble

Pub"ble (?), a. [Perhaps fr. bubble.] Puffed out, pursy; pudgy; fat. [Obs.] Drant.

Puberal

Pu"ber*al (?), a. [From L. puber, pubes, grown up, adult.] Of or pertaining to puberty.

Puberty

Pu"ber*ty (?), n. [L. pubertas, fr. puber, pubes, adult: cf. F. pubert\'82.]

1. The earliest age at which persons are capable of begetting or bearing children, usually considered, in temperate climates, to be about fourteen years in males and twelve in females.

2. (Bot.) The period when a plant first bears flowers.

Puberulent

Pu*ber"u*lent (?), a. [See Pubis.] (Bot.) Very minutely downy.

Pubes

Pu"bes (?), n. [L., the hair which appears on the body at puberty, from pubes adult.]

1. (Anat.) (a) The hair which appears upon the lower part of the hypogastric region at the age of puberty. (b) Hence (as more commonly used), the lower part of the hypogastric region; the pubic region.

2. (Bot.) The down of plants; a downy or villous substance which grows on plants; pubescence.

Pubescence

Pu*bes"cence (?), n. [Cf. F. pubescence.]

1. The quality or state of being pubescent, or of having arrived at puberty. Sir T. Browne.

2. A covering of soft short hairs, or down, as one some plants and insects; also, the state of being so covered.

Pubescency

Pu*bes"cen*cy (?), n. Pubescence.

Pubescent

Pu*bes"cent (?), a. [L. pubescens, -entis, p. pr. of pubescere to reach puberty, to grow hairy or mossy, fr. pubes pubes: cf. F. pubescent.]

1. Arrived at puberty.

That . . . the men (are) pubescent at the age of twice seven, is accounted a punctual truth. Sir T. Browne.

2. Covered with pubescence, or fine short hairs, as certain insects, and the leaves of some plants.

Pubic

Pu"bic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pubes; in the region of the pubes; as, the pubic bone; the pubic region, or the lower part of the hypogastric region. See Pubes. (b) Of or pertaining to the pubis.

Pubis

Pu"bis (?), n. [NL. See Pubes.] (Anat.) The ventral and anterior of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis; sharebone; pubic bone.

Public

Pub"lic (?), a. [L. publicus, poblicus, fr. populus people: cf. F. public. See People.]

1. Of or pertaining to the people; belonging to the people; relating to, or affecting, a nation, state, or community; -- opposed to private; as, the public treasury.

To the public good Private respects must yield. Milton.
He [Alexander Hamilton] touched the dead corpse of the public credit, and it sprung upon its feet. D. Webster.

2. Open to the knowledge or view of all; general; common; notorious; as, public report; public scandal.

Joseph, . . . not willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her away privily. Matt. i. 19.

3. Open to common or general use; as, a public road; a public house. "The public street." Shak. Public act ∨ statute (Law), an act or statute affecting matters of public concern. Of such statutes the courts take judicial notice. -- Public credit. See under Credit. -- Public funds. See Fund, 3. -- Public house, an inn, or house of entertainment. -- Public law. (a) See International law, under International. (b) A public act or statute. -- Public nuisance. (Law) See under Nuisance. -- Public orator. (Eng. Universities) See Orator, 3. -- Public stores, military and naval stores, equipments, etc. -- Public works, all fixed works built by civil engineers for public use, as railways, docks, canals, etc.; but strictly, military and civil engineering works constructed at the public cost.

Public

Pub"lic, n.

1. The general body of mankind, or of a nation, state, or community; the people, indefinitely; as, the American public; also, a particular body or aggregation of people; as, an author's public.

The public is more disposed to censure than to praise. Addison.

2. A public house; an inn. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott. In public, openly; before an audience or the people at large; not in private or secrecy. "We are to speak in public." Shak.

Publican

Pub"li*can (?), n. [L. publicanus: cf. F. publicain. See Public.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) A farmer of the taxes and public revenues; hence, a collector of toll or tribute. The inferior officers of this class were often oppressive in their exactions, and were regarded with great detestation.

As Jesus at meat . . . many publicans and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples. Matt. 1x. 10.
How like a fawning publican he looks! Shak.

2. The keeper of an inn or public house; one licensed to retail beer, spirits, or wine.

Publication

Pub`li*ca"tion (?), n. [L. publicatio confiscation: cf. F. publication. See Publish.]

1. The act of publishing or making known; notification to the people at large, either by words, writing, or printing; proclamation; divulgation; promulgation; as, the publication of the law at Mount Sinai; the publication of the gospel; the publication of statutes or edicts.

2. The act of offering a book, pamphlet, engraving, etc., to the public by sale or by gratuitous distribution.

The publication of these papers was not owing to our folly, but that of others. Swift.

3. That which is published or made known; especially, any book, pamphlet, etc., offered for sale or to public notice; as, a daily or monthly publication.

4. An act done in public. [R. & Obs.]

His jealousy . . . attends the business, the recreations, the publications, and retirements of every man. Jer. Taylor.
Publication of a libel (Law), such an exhibition of a libel as brings it to the notice of at least one person other than the person libeled. -- Publication of a will (Law), the delivery of a will, as his own, by a testator to witnesses who attest it.

Public-hearted

Pub"lic-heart`ed (?), a. Public-spirited. [R.]

Publicist

Pub"li*cist (?), n. [Cf. F. publiciste.] A writer on the laws of nature and nations; one who is versed in the science of public right, the principles of government, etc.
The Whig leaders, however, were much more desirous to get rid of Episcopacy than to prove themselves consummate publicists and logicians. Macaulay.
<-- 2. One who publicizes, esp. a press agent. -->

Publicity

Pub*lic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. publicit\'82.] The quality or state of being public, or open to the knowledge of a community; notoriety; publicness.

Publicly

Pub"lic*ly (?), adv.

1. With exposure to popular view or notice; without concealment; openly; as, property publicly offered for sale; an opinion publicly avowed; a declaration publicly made.

2. In the name of the community. Addison.

Public-minded

Pub"lic-mind`ed (?), a. Public-spirited. -- Pub"lic-mind`ed*ness, n.

Publicness

Pub"lic*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being public, or open to the view or notice of people at large; publicity; notoriety; as, the publicness of a sale.

2. The quality or state of belonging to the community; as, the publicness of property. Boyle.

Public-spirited

Pub"lic-spir`it*ed (?), a.

1. Having, or exercising, a disposition to advance the interest of the community or public; as, public-spirited men.

2. Dictated by a regard to public good; as, a public-spirited project or measure. Addison. -- Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ly, adv. -- Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ness, n.

Publish

Pub"lish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Published (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Publishing.] [F. publier, L. publicare, publicatum. See Public, and -ish.]

1. To make public; to make known to mankind, or to people in general; to divulge, as a private transaction; to promulgate or proclaim, as a law or an edict.

Published was the bounty of her name. Chaucer.
The unwearied sun, from day to day, Does his Creator's power display, And publishes to every land The work of an almighty hand. Addison.

2. To make known by posting, or by reading in a church; as, to publish banns of marriage.

3. To send forth, as a book, newspaper, musical piece, or other printed work, either for sale or for general distribution; to print, and issue from the press.

4. To utter, or put into circulation; as, to publish counterfeit paper. [U.S.] To publish a will (Law), to acknowledge it before the witnesses as the testator's last will and testament. Syn. -- To announce; proclaim; advertise; declare; promulgate; disclose; divulge; reveal. See Announce.

Publishable

Pub"lish*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being published; suitable for publication.

Publisher

Pub"lish*er (?), n. One who publishes; as, a publisher of a book or magazine.
For love of you, not hate unto my friend, Hath made me publisher of this pretense. Shak.

Publishment

Pub"lish*ment (?), n.

1. The act or process of making publicly known; publication.

2. A public notice of intended marriage, required by the laws of some States. [U.S.]

Puccoon

Puc*coon" (?), n. [From the American Indian name.] (Bot.) Any one of several plants yielding a red pigment which is used by the North American Indians, as the bloodroot and two species of Lithospermum (L. hirtum, and L. canescens); also, the pigment itself.

Puce

Puce (?), a. [F., fr. puce a flea, L. pulex, pulicis.] Of a dark brown or brownish purple color.<-- MW10: dark red -->

Pucel

Pu"cel (?), n. See Pucelle. [Obs.]

Pucelage

Pu"cel*age (?; 48), n. [F.] Virginity. [R.]

Pucelle

Pu*celle" (?), n. [F., fr. LL. pulicella, fr. L. pullus a young animal. See Pullet.] A maid; a virgin. [Written also pucel.] [Obs.]
Lady or pucelle, that wears mask or fan. B. Jonson.
La Pucelle, the Maid of Orleans, Joan of Arc.

Puceron

Pu"ce*ron (?), n. [F., from puce a flea. See Puce.] (Zo\'94l.) Any plant louse, or aphis.

Pucherite

Pu"cher*ite (?), n. [So named from the Pucher Mine, in Saxony.] (Min.) Vanadate of bismuth, occurring in minute reddish brown crystals.

Puck

Puck (?), n. [OE. pouke; cf. OSw. puke, Icel. p&umac;ki an evil demon, W. pwca a hobgoblin. Cf. Poker a bugbear, Pug.]

1. (Medi\'91val Myth.) A celebrated fairy, "the merry wanderer of the night;" -- called also Robin Goodfellow, Friar Rush, Pug, etc. Shak.

He meeteth Puck, whom most men call Hobgoblin, and on him doth fall. Drayton.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The goatsucker. [Prov. Eng.]

Puckball

Puck"ball` (?), n. [Puck + ball.] A puffball.

Pucker

Puck"er (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Puckered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puckering.] [From Poke a pocket, small bag.] To gather into small folds or wrinkles; to contract into ridges and furrows; to corrugate; -- often with up; as, to pucker up the mouth. "His skin [was] puckered up in wrinkles." Spectator.

Pucker

Puck"er, n.

1. A fold; a wrinkle; a collection of folds.

2. A state of perplexity or anxiety; confusion; bother; agitation. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]

Puckerer

Puck"er*er, n. One who, or that which, puckers.

Puckery

Puck"er*y (?), a.

1. Producing, or tending to produce, a pucker; as, a puckery taste. Lowell.

2. Inclined to become puckered or wrinkled; full of puckers or wrinkles.

Puckfist

Puck"fist` (?), n. A puffball.

Puckish

Puck"ish, a. [From Puck.] Resembling Puck; merry; mischievous. "Puckish freaks." J. R. Green.

Pucras

Pu"cras (?), n. [From a native name in India.] (Zo\'94l.) See Koklass.

Pud

Pud (?), n. Same as Pood.

Pud

Pud (?), n. The hand; the first. [Colloq.] Lamb.

Puddening

Pud"den*ing (?), n. [Probably fr. pudden, for pudding, in allusion to its softness.] (Naut.) (a) A quantity of rope-yarn, or the like, placed, as a fender, on the bow of a boat. (b) A bunch of soft material to prevent chafing between spars, or the like.

Pudder

Pud"der (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puddered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puddering.] [Cf. Pother.] To make a tumult or bustle; to splash; to make a pother or fuss; to potter; to meddle.
Puddering in the designs or doings of others. Barrow.
Others pudder into their food with their broad nebs. Holland.

Pudder

Pud"der, v. t. To perplex; to embarrass; to confuse; to bother; as, to pudder a man. Locke.

Pudder

Pud"der, n. A pother; a tumult; a confused noise; turmoil; bustle. "All in a pudder." Milton.

Pudding

Pud"ding (?), n. [Cf. F. boudin black pudding, sausage, L. botulus, botellus, a sausage, G. & Sw. pudding pudding, Dan. podding, pudding, LG. puddig thick, stumpy, W. poten, potten, also E. pod, pout, v.]

1. A species of food of a soft or moderately hard consistence, variously made, but often a compound of flour or meal, with milk and eggs, etc.

And solid pudding against empty praise. Pope.

2. Anything resembling, or of the softness and consistency of, pudding.

3. An intestine; especially, an intestine stuffed with meat, etc.; a sausage. Shak.

4. Any food or victuals.

Eat your pudding, slave, and hold your tongue. Prior.

5. (Naut.) Same as Puddening. Pudding grass (Bot.), the true pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium), formerly used to flavor stuffing for roast meat. Dr. Prior. -- Pudding pie, a pudding with meat baked in it. Taylor (1630). -- Pudding pipe (Bot.), the long, cylindrical pod of the leguminous tree Cassia Fistula. The seeds are separately imbedded in a sweetish pulp. See Cassia. -- Pudding sleeve, a full sleeve like that of the English clerical gown. Swift. -- Pudding stone. (Min.) See Conglomerate, n., 2. -- Pudding time. (a) The time of dinner, pudding being formerly the dish first eaten. [Obs.] Johnson. (b) The nick of time; critical time. [Obs.]

Mars, that still protects the stout, In pudding time came to his aid. Hudibras.

Pudding-headed

Pud"ding-head`ed (?), a. Stupid. [Colloq.]

Puddle

Pud"dle (?), n. [OE. podel; cf. LG. pudel, Ir. & Gael. plod pool.]

1. A small quantity of dirty standing water; a muddy plash; a small pool. Spenser.

2. Clay, or a mixture of clay and sand, kneaded or worked, when wet, to render it impervious to water. Puddle poet, a low or worthless poet. [R.] Fuller.

Puddle

Pud"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Puddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puddling (?).]

1. To make foul or muddy; to pollute with dirt; to mix dirt with (water).

Some unhatched practice . . . Hath puddled his clear spirit. Shak.

2. (a) To make dense or close, as clay or loam, by working when wet, so as to render impervious to water. (b) To make impervious to liquids by means of puddle; to apply puddle to.

3. To subject to the process of puddling, as iron, so as to convert it from the condition of cast iron to that of wrought iron. Ure. Puddled steel, steel made directly from cast iron by a modification of the puddling process.

Puddle

Pud"dle, v. i. To make a dirty stir. [Obs.] R. Junius.

Puddle-ball

Pud"dle-ball` (?), n. The lump of pasty wrought iron as taken from the puddling furnace to be hammered or rolled.

Puddle-bar

Pud"dle-bar" (?), n. An iron bar made at a single heat from a puddle-ball hammering and rolling.

Puddler

Pud"dler (?), n. One who converts cast iron into wrought iron by the process of puddling.

Puddling

Pud"dling (?), n.

1. (Hydraul. Engin.) (a) The process of working clay, loam, pulverized ore, etc., with water, to render it compact, or impervious to liquids; also, the process of rendering anything impervious to liquids by means of puddled material. (b) Puddle. See Puddle, n., 2.

2. (Metal.) The art or process of converting cast iron into wrought iron or steel by subjecting it to intense heat and frequent stirring in a reverberatory furnace in the presence of oxidizing substances, by which it is freed from a portion of its carbon and other impurities. Puddling furnace, a reverberatory furnace in which cast iron is converted into wrought iron or into steel by puddling.

Puddly

Pud"dly (?), a. Consisting of, or resembling, puddles; muddy; foul. "Thick puddly water." Carew.

Puddock

Pud"dock (?), n. [For paddock, or parrock, a park.] A small inclosure. [Written also purrock.] [Prov. Eng.]

Pudency

Pu"den*cy (?), n. [L. pudens, p. pr. of pudere to be ashamed.] Modesty; shamefacedness. "A pudency so rosy." Shak.

Pudenda

Pu*den"da (?), n. pl. [L., from pudendus that of which one ought to be ashamed, fr. pudere to be ashamed.] (Anat.) The external organs of generation.

Pudendal

Pu*den"dal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pudenda, or pudendum.

Pudendum

Pu*den"dum (?), n. [NL. See Pudenda.] (Anat.) The external organs of generation, especially of the female; the vulva.
Page 1160

Pudgy

Pudg"y (?), a. Short and fat or sturdy; dumpy; podgy; as, a short, pudgy little man; a pudgy little hand. Thackeray.

Pudic

Pu"dic (?), a. [L.pudicus modest, fr. pudere to be ashamed: cf. F. pudique.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the external organs of generation.

Pudical

Pu"dic*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pudic.

Pudicity

Pu*dic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. pudicit\'82, L. pudicitia.] Modesty; chastity. Howell.

Pudu

Pu"du (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A very small deer (Pudua humilis), native of the Chilian Andes. It has simple spikelike antlers, only two or three inches long.

Pue

Pue (?) v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puing.] To make a low whistling sound; to chirp, as birds. Halliwell.

Pueblo

Pueb"lo (?), n. [Sp., a village, L. populus people. See People.] A communistic building erected by certain Indian tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. It is often of large size and several stories high, and is usually built either of stone or adobe. The term is also applied to any Indian village in the same region. Pueblo Indians (Ethnol.), any tribe or community of Indians living in pueblos. The principal Pueblo tribes are the Moqui, the Zu\'a4i, the Keran, and the Tewan.

Puefellow

Pue"fel`low (?), n. A pewfellow. [Obs.]

Puer

Pu"er (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] The dung of dogs, used as an alkaline steep in tanning. Simmonds.

Puerco

Pu*er"co (?), n. [Sp.] A hog. Puerco beds (Geol.), a name given to certain strata belonging to the earliest Eocene. They are developed in Northwestern New Mexico, along the Rio Puerco, and are characterized by their mammalian remains.

Puerile

Pu"er*ile (?), a. [L. puerilis, fr. puer a child, a boy: cf. F. pu\'82ril.] Boyish; childish; trifling; silly.
The French have been notorious through generations for their puerile affectation of Roman forms, models, and historic precedents. De Quincey.
Syn. -- Youthful; boyish; juvenile; childish; trifling; weak. See Youthful.

Puerilely

Pu"er*ile*ly, adv. In a puerile manner; childishly.

Puerileness

Pu"er*ile*ness, n. The quality of being puerile; puerility.

Puerility

Pu`er*il"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Puerilities (#). [L. puerilitas: cf. F. pu\'82rilit\'82.]

1. The quality of being puerile; childishness; puerileness. Sir T. Browne.

2. That which is puerile or childish; especially, an expression which is flat, insipid, or silly.

Puerperal

Pu*er"per*al (?), a. [L. puerpera a lying-in woman; puer child + parere to bear: cf. F. puerp\'82ral.] Of or pertaining to childbirth; as, a puerperal fever.

Puerperous

Pu*er"per*ous (?), a. Bearing children. [R.]

Puet

Pu"et (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The pewit.

Puff

Puff (?), n. [Akin to G. & Sw. puff a blow, Dan. puf, D. pof; of imitative origin. Cf. Buffet.]

1. A sudden and single emission of breath from the mouth; hence, any sudden or short blast of wind; a slight gust; a whiff. " To every puff of wind a slave." Flatman.

2. Anything light and filled with air. Specifically: (a) A puffball. (b) kind of light pastry. (c) A utensil of the toilet for dusting the skin or hair with powder.

3. An exaggerated or empty expression of praise, especially one in a public journal. Puff adder. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any South African viper belonging to Clotho and allied genera. They are exceedingly venomous, and have the power of greatly distending their bodies when irritated. The common puff adder (Vipera, ∨ Clotho, arietans) is the largest species, becoming over four feet long. The plumed puff adder (C. cornuta) has a plumelike appendage over each eye. (b) A North American harmless snake (Heterodon platyrrhinos) which has the power of puffing up its body. Called also hog-nose snake, flathead, spreading adder, and blowing adder. Puff bird (Zo\'94l.), any bird of the genus Bucco, or family Bucconid\'91. They are small birds, usually with dull-colored and loose plumage, and have twelve tail feathers. See Barbet (b).

Puff

Puff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puffing.] [Akin to G. puffen to pop, buffet, puff, D. poffen to pop, puffen to blow, Sw. puffa to push, to cuff, Dan. puffe to pop, thump. See Puff, n.]

1. To blow in puffs, or with short and sudden whiffs.

2. To blow, as an expression of scorn; -- with at.

It is really to defy Heaven to puff at damnation. South.

3. To breathe quick and hard, or with puffs, as after violent exertion.

The ass comes back again, puffing and blowing, from the chase. L' Estrange.

4. To swell with air; to be dilated or inflated. Boyle.

5. To breathe in a swelling, inflated, or pompous manner; hence, to assume importance.

Then came brave Glory puffing by. Herbert.

Puff

Puff, v. t.

1. To drive with a puff, or with puffs.

The clearing north will puff the clouds away. Dryden.

2. To repel with words; to blow at contemptuously.

I puff the prostitute away. Dryden.

3. To cause to swell or dilate; to inflate; to ruffle with puffs; -- often with up; as a bladder puffed with air.

The sea puffed up with winds. Shak.

4. To inflate with pride, flattery, self-esteem, or the like; -- often with up.

Puffed up with military success. Jowett (Thucyd. )

5. To praise with exaggeration; to flatter; to call public attention to by praises; to praise unduly. " Puffed with wonderful skill." Macaulay.

Puff

Puff, a. Puffed up; vain. [R.] Fanshawe.

Puffball

Puff"ball` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of ball-shaped fungus (Lycoperdon giganteum, and other species of the same genus) full of dustlike spores when ripe; -- called also bullfist, bullfice, puckfist, puff, and puffin.

Puffer

Puff"er (?), n.

1. One who puffs; one who praises with noisy or extravagant commendation.

2. One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at suction to bid up the price; a by-bidder. Bouvier.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any plectognath fish which inflates its body, as the species of Tetrodon and Diodon; -- called also blower, puff-fish, swellfish, and globefish.<-- (of the Tetraodontidae) They are highly poisonous due to the presence of glands containing a potent toxin, tetrodotoxin. Nevertheless they are eaten as a delicacy in Japan, being prepared by specially licensed chefs who remove the poison glands. --> (b) The common, or harbor, porpoise.

4. (Dyeing) A kier.

Puffery

Puff"er*y (?), n. The act of puffing; bestowment of extravagant commendation.

Puffin

Puf"fin (?), n. [Akin to puff.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) An arctic sea bird Fratercula arctica) allied to the auks, and having a short, thick, swollen beak, whence the name; -- called also bottle nose, cockandy, coulterneb, marrot, mormon, pope, and sea parrot. &hand; The name is also applied to other related species, as the horned puffin (F. corniculata), the tufted puffin (Lunda cirrhata), and the razorbill. Manx puffin, the Manx shearwater. See under Manx.

2. (Bot.) The puffball.

3. A sort of apple. [Obs.] Rider's Dict. (1640).

Puffiness

Puff"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being puffy.

Puffing

Puff"ing, a. & n. from Puff, v. i. & t. Puffing adder. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Puff adder (b), under Puff. -- Puffing pig (Zo\'94l.), the common porpoise.

Puffingly

Puff"ing*ly, adv. In a puffing manner; with vehement breathing or shortness of breath; with exaggerated praise.

Puff-leg

Puff"-leg` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of beautiful humming birds of the genus Eriocnemis having large tufts of downy feathers on the legs.

Puff-legged

Puff"-legged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a conspicuous tuft of feathers on the legs.

Puffy

Puff"y (?), a.

1. Swelled with air, or any soft matter; tumid with a soft substance; bloated; fleshy; as, a puffy tumor. " A very stout, puffy man." Thackeray.

2. Hence, inflated; bombastic; as, a puffy style.

Pug

Pug (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pugging.] [Cf. G. pucken to thump. beat.]

1. To mix and stir when wet, as clay for bricks, pottery, etc.

2. To fill or stop with clay by tamping; to fill in or spread with mortar, as a floor or partition, for the purpose of deadening sound. See Pugging, 2.

Pug

Pug, n.

1. Tempered clay; clay moistened and worked so as to be plastic.

2. A pug mill. Pug mill, a kind of mill for grinding and mixing clay, either for brickmaking or the fine arts; a clay mill. It consists essentially of an upright shaft armed with projecting knives, which is caused to revolve in a hollow cylinder, tub, or vat, in which the clay is placed.

Pug

Pug, n. [Corrupted fr. puck. See Puck.]

1. An elf, or a hobgoblin; also same as Puck. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. A name for a monkey. [Colloq.] Addison.

3. A name for a fox. [Prov. Eng.] C. Kingsley.

4. An intimate; a crony; a dear one. [Obs.] Lyly.

5. pl. Chaff; the refuse of grain. [Obs.] Holland.

6. A prostitute. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

7. (Zo\'94l.) One of a small breed of pet dogs having a short nose and head; a pug dog.

8. (Zo\'94l.) Any geometrid moth of the genus Eupithecia.

Pug-faced

Pug"-faced` (?), a. Having a face like a monkey or a pug; monkey-faced.

Pugger

Pug"ger (?), v. t. To pucker. [Obs.]

Puggered

Pug"gered (?), a. Puckered. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Pugging

Pug"ging (?), n. [See Pug, v. t.]

1. The act or process of working and tempering clay to make it plastic and of uniform consistency, as for bricks, for pottery, etc.

2. (Arch.) Mortar or the like, laid between the joists under the boards of a floor, or within a partition, to deaden sound; -- in the United States usually called deafening.

Pugging

Pug"ging, a. Thieving. [Obs.] Shak.

Pugh

Pugh (?), interj. Pshaw! pish! -- a word used in contempt or disdain.

Pugil

Pu"gil (?), n. [L. pugillus, pugillum, a handful, akin to pugnus the fist.] As much as is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers. [Obs.] Bacon.

Pugilism

Pu"gil*ism (?), n. [L. pugil a pugilist, boxer, akin to pugnus the fist. Cf. Pugnacious, Fist.] The practice of boxing, or fighting with the fist.

Pugilist

Pu"gil*ist, n. [L. pugil.] One who fights with his fists; esp., a professional prize fighter; a boxer.

Pugilistic

Pu`gil*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to pugillism.

Pugnacious

Pug*na"cious (?), a. [L. pugnax, -acis, fr. pugnare to fight. Cf. Pugilism, Fist.] Disposed to fight; inclined to fighting; quarrelsome; fighting. --Pug*na"cious*ly, adv. -- Pug*na"cious*ness, n.

Pugnacity

Pug*nac"i*ty (?), n. [L. pugnacitas: cf. F. pugnacit\'82.] Inclination or readiness to fight; quarrelsomeness. " A national pugnacity of character." Motley.

Pug nose

Pug" nose` (?). A short, thick nose; a snubnose. -- Pug"-nosed` (#), a. Pug-nose eel (Zo\'94l.), a deep-water marine eel (Simenchelys parasiticus) which sometimes burrows into the flesh of the halibut.

Puh

Puh (?), interj. The same as Pugh.

Puisne

Puis"ne (p&umac;"n&ycr;), a. [See Puny.]

1. Later in age, time, etc.; subsequent. [Obs.] " A puisne date to eternity." Sir M. Hale.

2. Puny; petty; unskilled. [Obs.]

3. (Law) Younger or inferior in rank; junior; associate; as, a chief justice and three puisne justices of the Court of Common Pleas; the puisne barons of the Court of Exchequer. Blackstone.

Puisne

Puis"ne, n. One who is younger, or of inferior rank; a junior; esp., a judge of inferior rank.
It were not a work for puisnes and novices. Bp. Hall.

Puisny

Puis"ny (?), a. Puisne; younger; inferior; petty; unskilled. [R.]
A puisny tilter, that spurs his horse but on one side. Shak.

Puissance

Pu"is*sance, n. [F., fr.puissant. See Puissant, and cf. Potency, Potance, Potence.] Power; strength; might; force; potency. " Youths of puissance." Tennyson.
The power and puissance of the king. Shak.
&hand; In Spenser, Shakespeare, and Milton, puissance and puissant are usually dissyllables.

Puissant

Pu"is*sant (?), a. [F., originally, a p. pr. formed fr. L. posse to be able: cf. L. potens powerful. See Potent.] Powerful; strong; mighty; forcible; as, a puissant prince or empire. " Puissant deeds." Milton.
Of puissant nations which the world possessed. Spenser.
And worldlings in it are less merciful, And more puissant. Mrs. Browning.

Puissantly

Pu"is*sant*ly, adv. In a puissant manner; powerfully; with great strength.

Puissantness

Pu"is*sant*ness, n. The state or quality of being puissant; puissance; power.

Puit

Puit (?), n. [F. puits, from L. puteus well.] A well; a small stream; a fountain; a spring. [Obs.]
The puits flowing from the fountain of life. Jer. Taylor.

Puke

Puke (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puking.] [Cf. G. spucken to spit, and E. spew.] To eject the contests of the stomach; to vomit; to spew.
The infant Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms. Shak.

Puke

Puke, v. t. To eject from the stomach; to vomit up.

Puke

Puke, n. A medicine that causes vomiting; an emetic; a vomit.

Puke

Puke, a. [Etymol. uncertain.] Of a color supposed to be between black and russet. Shak. &hand; This color has by some been regarded as the same with puce; but Nares questions the identity.

Puker

Puk"er (?), n.

1. One who pukes, vomits.

2. That which causes vomiting. Garth .

Pulas

Pu"las (?), n. [Skr. pal\'be&cced;a.] (Bot.) The East Indian leguminous tree Butea frondosa. See Gum Butea, under Gum. [Written also pales and palasa.]

Pulchritude

Pul"chri*tude (?), n. [L. pulchritudo, fr. pulcher beautiful.]

1. That quality of appearance which pleases the eye; beauty; comeliness; grace; loveliness.

Piercing our heartes with thy pulchritude. Court of Love.

2. Attractive moral excellence; moral beauty.

By the pulchritude of their souls make up what is wanting in the beauty of their bodies. Ray.

Pule

Pule (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puling.] [F. piauler; cf. L. pipilare, pipire, to peep, pip, chirp, and E. peep to chirp.]

1. To cry like a chicken. Bacon.

2. To whimper; to whine, as a complaining child.

It becometh not such a gallant to whine and pule. Barrow.

Puler

Pul"er (?), n. One who pules; one who whines or complains; a weak person.

Pulex

Pu"lex (?), n. [L., a flea.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of parasitic insects including the fleas. See Flea.

Pulicene

Pu"li*cene (?), a. [From L. pulex, pulicis, a flea.] Pertaining to, or abounding in, fleas; pulicose.

Pulicose, Pulicous

Pu"li*cose` (?), Pu"li*cous (?), a. [L. pulicosus, from pulex, a flea.] Abounding with fleas.

Puling

Pul"ing (?), n. A cry, as of a chicken,; a whining or whimpering.
Leave this faint puling and lament as I do. Shak.

Puling

Pul"ing, a. Whimpering; whining; childish.

Pulingly

Pul"ing*ly, adv. With whining or complaint.

Pulkha

Pulk"ha (?), n. A Laplander's traveling sledge. See Sledge.

Pull

Pull (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pulled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pulling.] [AS. pullian; cf. LG. pulen, and Gael. peall, piol, spiol.]

1. To draw, or attempt to draw, toward one; to draw forcibly.

Ne'er pull your hat upon your brows. Shak.
He put forth his hand . . . and pulled her in. Gen. viii. 9.

2. To draw apart; to tear; to rend.

He hath turned aside my ways, and pulled me in pieces; he hath made me desolate. Lam. iii. 11.

3. To gather with the hand, or by drawing toward one; to pluck; as, to pull fruit; to pull flax; to pull a finch.

4. To move or operate by the motion of drawing towards one; as, to pull a bell; to pull an oar.

5. (Horse Racing) To hold back, and so prevent from winning; as, the favorite was pulled.

6. (Print.) To take or make, as a proof or impression; -- hand presses being worked by pulling a lever.

7. (Cricket) To strike the ball in a particular manner. See Pull, n., 8.

Never pull a straight fast ball to leg. R. H. Lyttelton.
To pull and haul, to draw hither and thither. " Both are equally pulled and hauled to do that which they are unable to do. " South. -- To pull down, to demolish; to destroy; to degrade; as, to pull down a house. " In political affairs, as well as mechanical, it is easier to pull down than build up." Howell. " To raise the wretched, and pull down the proud." Roscommon. To pull a finch. See under Finch. To pull off, take or draw off.<-- (b) to perform (something illegal or unethical); as, to pull off a heist [robbery]. (c) to accomplish, against the odds.-->
Page 1161

Pull

Pull (?), v. i. To exert one's self in an act or motion of drawing or hauling; to tug; as, to pull at a rope. To pull apart, to become separated by pulling; as, a rope will pull apart. -- To pull up, to draw the reins; to stop; to halt. To pull through, to come successfully to the end of a difficult undertaking, a dangerous sickness, or the like.

Pull

Pull, n.

1. The act of pulling or drawing with force; an effort to move something by drawing toward one.

I awakened with a violent pull upon the ring which was fastened at the top of my box. Swift.

2. A contest; a struggle; as, a wrestling pull. Carew.

3. A pluck; loss or violence suffered. [Poetic]

Two pulls at once; His lady banished, and a limb lopped off. Shak.

4. A knob, handle, or lever, etc., by which anything is pulled; as, a drawer pull; a bell pull.

5. The act of rowing; as, a pull on the river. [Colloq.]

6. The act of drinking; as, to take a pull at the beer, or the mug. [Slang] Dickens.

7. Something in one's favor in a comparison or a contest; an advantage; means of influencing; as, in weights the favorite had the pull. [Slang]

8. (Cricket) A kind of stroke by which a leg ball is sent to the off side, or an off ball to the side.

The pull is not a legitimate stroke, but bad cricket. R. A. Proctor.

Pullail

Pul"lail (?), n. [F. poulaille.] Poultry. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Pullback

Pull"back` (?), n.

1. That which holds back, or causes to recede; a drawback; a hindrance.

2. (Arch) The iron hook fixed to a casement to pull it shut, or to hold it party open at a fixed point.

Pulled

Pulled (?) a. Plucked; pilled; moulting. " A pulled hen." Chaucer.

Pullen

Pul"len (?), n. [Cf. L. pullinus belonging to young animals. See Pullet.] Poultry. [Obs.]

Puller

Pull"er (?), n. One who, or that which, pulls.
Proud setter up and puller down of kings. Shak.

Pullet

Pul"let (?), n. [OE. polete, OF. polete, F. poulette, dim. of poule a hen, fr. L. pullus a young animal, a young fowl. See Foal, and cf. Poult, Poultry, Pool stake.] A young hen, or female of the domestic fowl. Pullet sperm, the treadle of an egg. [Obs.] Shak.

Pulley

Pul"ley (?), n.; pl. Pulleys (#). [F. poulie, perhaps of Teutonic origin (cf. Poll, b. t.); but cf. OE. poleine, polive, pulley, LL. polanus, and F. poulain, properly, a colt, fr. L. pullus young animal, foal (cf. Pullet, Foal). For the change of sense, cf. F. poutre beam, originally, a filly, and E. easel.] (Mach.) A wheel with a broad rim, or grooved rim, for transmitting power from, or imparting power to, the different parts of machinery, or for changing the direction of motion, by means of a belt, cord, rope, or chain. &hand; The pulley, as one of the mechanical powers, consists, in its simplest form, of a grooved wheel, called a sheave, turning within a movable frame or block, by means of a cord or rope attached at one end to a fixed point. The force, acting on the free end of the rope, is thus doubled, but can move the load through only half the space traversed by itself. The rope may also pass over a sheave in another block that is fixed. The end of the rope may be fastened to the movable block, instead of a fixed point, with an additional gain of power, and using either one or two sheaves in the fixed block. Other sheaves may be added, and the power multiplied accordingly. Such an apparatus is called by workmen a block and tackle, or a fall and tackle. See Block. A single fixed pulley gives no increase of power, but serves simply for changing the direction of motion. Band pulley, ∨ Belt pulley, a pulley with a broad face for transmitting power between revolving shafts by means of a belt, or for guiding a belt. -- Cone pulley. See Cone pulley. -- Conical pulley, one of a pair of belt pulleys, each in the shape of a truncated cone, for varying velocities. -- Fast pulley, a pulley firmly attached upon a shaft. -- Loose pulley, a pulley loose on a shaft, to interrupt the transmission of motion in machinery. See Fast and loose pulleys, under Fast. Parting pulley, a belt pulley made in semicircular halves, which can be bolted together, to facilitate application to, or removal from, a shaft. -- Pulley block. Same as Block, n. 6. -- Pulley stile (Arch.), the upright of the window frame into which a pulley is fixed and along which the sash slides. Split pulley, a parting pulley.

Pulley

Pul"ley, b. t. To raise or lift by means of a pulley. [R.] Howell.

Pullicate

Pul"li*cate (?), n. A kind of checked cotton or silk handkerchief.

Pullman car

Pull"man car` (?). [Named after Mr. Pullman, who introduced them.] A kind of sleeping car; also, a palace car; -- often shortened to Pullman.

Pullulate

Pul"lu*late (?) v. i. [L. pullulatus, p. p. of pullulare to sprout, from pullulus a young animal, a sprout, dim. of pullus. See pullet.] To germinate; to bud; to multiply abundantly. Warburton.

Pullulation

Pul`lu*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. pullulation.] A germinating, or budding. Dr. H. More.

Pullus

Pul"lus (?), n.; pl. Pulli (#). [L.] (Zo\'94l.) A chick; a young bird in the downy stage.

Pulmobranchiata, n. pl. [NL.], Pulmobranchiate

Pul`mo*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.], Pul`mo*bran"chi*ate. (, a. & n.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Pulmonibranchiata, -ate.

Pulmocutaneous

Pul`mo*cu*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [L. pulmo a lung + E. cutaneous.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the lungs and the akin; as, the pulmocutaneous arteries of the frog.

Pulmogasteropoda

Pul`mo*gas`te*rop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. & E. Gasteropoda.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pulmonata.

Pulmograde

Pul"mo*grade (?), a. [L. pulmo a lung + gradi to walk.] (Zo\'94l.) Swimming by the expansion and contraction, or lunglike movement, of the body, or of the disk, as do the medus\'91.

Pulmometer

Pul*mom"e*ter (?), n. [L. pulmo a lung + -meter.] (Physiol.) A spirometer.

Pulmonarian

Pul"mo*na"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any arachnid that breathes by lunglike organs, as the spiders and scorpions. Also used adjectively.

Pulmonary

Pul"mo*na*ry (?), a. [L. pulmonarius, from pulmo, -onis, a lung; of uncertain origin, perh. named from its lightness, and akin to E. float: cf. F. pulmonaire. Cf. Pneumonia.] Of or pertaining to the lungs; affecting the lungs; pulmonic. Pulmonary artery. See the Note under Artery.

Pulmonary

Pul"mo*na*ry, n. [Cf. F. pulmonaire. See Pulmonary, a. ] (Bot.) Lungwort. Ainsworth.

Pulmonata

Pul`mo*na"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. pulmo, -onis, a lung.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive division, or sub-class, of hermaphrodite gastropods, in which the mantle cavity is modified into an air-breathing organ, as in Helix, or land snails, Limax, or garden slugs, and many pond snails, as Limn\'91a and Planorbis.

Pulmonate

Pul"mo*nate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having breathing organs that act as lungs. (b) Pertaining to the Pulmonata. -- n. One of the Pulmonata.

Pulmonated

Pul"mo*na`ted (?), a. same as Pulmonate (a).

Pulmonibranchiata

Pul`mo*ni*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. pulmo, -onis, a lung + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pulmonata.

Pulmonibranchiate

Pul`mo*ni*bran"chi*ate (?), a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pulmonate.

Pulmonic

Pul*mon"ic (?), a. [L. pulmo, -onis, a lung: cf. F. pulmonique.] Relating to, or affecting the lungs; pulmonary. -- n. A pulmonic medicine.

Pulmonifera

Pul`mo*nif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pulmoniferous.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pulmonata.

Pulmoniferous

Pul`mo*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. pulmo, -onis, a lung + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.) Having lungs; pulmonate.

Pulp

Pulp (?), n. [L. pulpa flesh, pith, pulp of fruit: cf. F. pulpe.] A moist, slightly cohering mass, consisting of soft, undissolved animal or vegetable matter. Specifically: (a) (Anat.) A tissue or part resembling pulp; especially, the soft, highly vascular and sensitive tissue which fills the central cavity, called the pulp cavity, of teeth. (b) (Bot.) The soft, succulent part of fruit; as, the pulp of a grape. (c) The exterior part of a coffee berry. B. Edwards. (d) The material of which paper is made when ground up and suspended in water.

Pulp

Pulp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pulped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pulping.]

1. To reduce to pulp.

2. To deprive of the pulp, or integument.

The other mode is to pulp the coffee immediately as it comes from the tree. By a simple machine a man will pulp a bushel in a minute. B. Edwards.

Pulpatoon

Pul`pa*toon" (?), n. [F. poulpeton, poupeton, a sort of ragout.] A kind of delicate confectionery or cake, perhaps made from the pulp of fruit. [Obs.] Nares.

Pulpiness

Pulp"i*ness (?), n. the quality or state of being pulpy.

Pulpit

Pul"pit (?), n. [L. pulpitum: cf. OF. pulpite, F. pulpitre.]

1. An elevated place, or inclosed stage, in a church, in which the clergyman stands while preaching.

I stand like a clerk in my pulpit. Chaucer.

2. The whole body of the clergy; preachers as a class; also, preaching.

I say the pulpit (in the sober use Of its legitimate, peculiar powers) Must stand acknowledged, while the world shall stand, The most important and effectual guard, Support, and ornament of virtue's cause. Cowper.

3. A desk, or platform, for an orator or public speaker. <-- 4. (Fig.) An office or condition of public prominence in which a person can gain wide public attention, thereby permitting him to exhort the public on moral or political matters. "The presidency is a bully pulpit." -->

Pulpit

Pul"pit, a. Of or pertaining to the pulpit, or preaching; as, a pulpit orator; pulpit eloquence.

Pulpited

Pul"pit*ed (?), a. Placed in a pulpit. [R.]
Sit . . . at the feet of a pulpited divine. Milton.

Pulpiteer

Pul*pit*eer" (?), n. One who speaks in a pulpit; a preacher; -- so called in contempt. Howell.
We never can think it sinful that Burns should have been humorous on such a pulpiteer. Prof. Wilson.

Pulpiter

Pul"pit*er (?), n. A preacher. [Obs.]

Pulpitical

Pul*pit"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the pulpit; suited to the pulpit. [R.] -- Pul*pit"ic*al*ly, adv. [R.] Chesterfield.

Pulpitish

Pul"pit*ish (?), a. Of or pertaining to the pulpit; like preaching. Chalmers.

Pulpitry

Pul"pit*ry (?), n. The teaching of the pulpit; preaching. [R. & Obs.] " Mere pulpitry." Milton.

Pulpous

Pulp"ous (?), a. [L. pulposus: cf. F. pulpeux. See Pulp.] Containing pulp; pulpy. " Pulpous fruit." J. Philips. -- Pulp"ous*ness, n.

Pulpy

Pulp"y (?), n. Like pulp; consisting of pulp; soft; fleshy; succulent; as, the pulpy covering of a nut; the pulpy substance of a peach or a cherry.

Pulque

Pul"que (?), n. [Sp.] An intoxicating Mexican drink. See Agave.

Pulsate

Pul"sate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pulsated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pulsating.] [L. pulsatus, p. p. of pulsare to beat, strike, v. intens. fr. pellere to beat, strike, drive. See Pulse a beating, and cf. Pulse, v.] To throb, as a pulse; to beat, as the heart.
The heart of a viper or frog will continue to pulsate long after it is taken from the body. E. Darwin.

Pulsatile

Pul"sa*tile (?), a. [Cf. It. pulsatile, Sp. pulsatil.]

1. Capable of being struck or beaten; played by beating or by percussion; as, a tambourine is a pulsatile musical instrument.

2. Pulsating; throbbing, as a tumor.

Pulsatilla

Pul`sa*til"la (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of ranunculaceous herbs including the pasque flower. This genus is now merged in Anemone. Some species, as Anemone Pulsatilla, Anemone pratensis, and Anemone patens, are used medicinally.

Pulsation

Pul*sa"tion (?), n. [L. pulsatio a beating or striking: cf. F. pulsation.]

1. (Physiol.) A beating or throbbing, especially of the heart or of an artery, or in an inflamed part; a beat of the pulse.

2. A single beat or throb of a series.

3. A stroke or impulse by which some medium is affected, as in the propagation of sounds.

4. (Law) Any touching of another's body willfully or in anger. This constitutes battery.

By the Cornelian law, pulsation as well as verberation is prohibited. Blackstone.

Pulsative

Pul"sa*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. pulsatif.] Beating; throbbing.

Pulsator

Pul*sa"tor (?), n. [L.]

1. A beater; a striker.

2. (Mech.) That which beats or throbs in working.

Pulsatory

Pul"sa*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. pulsatoire.] Capable of pulsating; throbbing. Sir H. Wotton. .

Pulse

Pulse (?), n. [OE. puls, L. puls, pultis, a thick pap or pottage made of meal, pulse, etc. See Poultice, and cf. Pousse.] Leguminous plants, or their seeds, as beans, pease, etc.
If all the world Should, in a pet of temperance, feed on pulse. Milton.

Pulse

Pulse, n. [OE. pous, OF. pous, F. pouls, fr. L. pulsus (sc. venarum), the beating of the pulse, the pulse, from pellere, pulsum, to beat, strike; cf. Gr. Appeal, Compel, Impel, Push.]

1. (Physiol.) The beating or throbbing of the heart or blood vessels, especially of the arteries. &hand; In an artery the pulse is due to the expansion and contraction of the elastic walls of the artery by the action of the heart upon the column of blood in the arterial system. On the commencement of the diastole of the ventricle, the semilunar valves are closed, and the aorta recoils by its elasticity so as to force part of its contents into the vessels farther onwards. These, in turn, as they already contain a certain quantity of blood, expand, recover by an elastic recoil, and transmit the movement with diminished intensity. Thus a series of movements, gradually diminishing in intensity, pass along the arterial system (see the Note under Heart). For the sake of convenience, the radial artery at the wrist is generally chosen to detect the precise character of the pulse. The pulse rate varies with age, position, sex, stature, physical and psychical influences, etc.

2. Any measured or regular beat; any short, quick motion, regularly repeated, as of a medium in the transmission of light, sound, etc.; oscillation; vibration; pulsation; impulse; beat; movement.

The measured pulse of racing oars. Tennyson.
When the ear receives any simple sound, it is struck by a single pulse of the air, which makes the eardrum and the other membranous parts vibrate according to the nature and species of the stroke. Burke.
Pulse glass, an instrument consisting to a glass tube with terminal bulbs, and containing ether or alcohol, which the heat of the hand causes to boil; -- so called from the pulsating motion of the liquid when thus warmed. Pulse wave (Physiol.), the wave of increased pressure started by the ventricular systole, radiating from the semilunar valves over the arterial system, and gradually disappearing in the smaller branches.
the pulse wave travels over the arterial system at the rate of about 29.5 feet in a second. H. N. Martin.
-- To feel one's pulse. (a) To ascertain, by the sense of feeling, the condition of the arterial pulse. (b) Hence, to sound one's opinion; to try to discover one's mind.
<-- = to take the pulse of -->

Pulse

Pulse, v. i. To beat, as the arteries; to move in pulses or beats; to pulsate; to throb. Ray.

Pulse

Pulse, v. t. [See Pulsate, Pulse a beating.] To drive by a pulsation; to cause to pulsate. [R.]

Pulseless

Pulse"less, a. Having no pulsation; lifeless.

Pulselessness

Pulse"less*ness, n. The state of being pulseless.

Pulsific

Pul*sif"ic (?), a. [Pulse + L. facere to make.] Exciting the pulse; causing pulsation.

Pulsimeter

Pul*sim"e*ter (?), n. [Pulse + -meter.] (Physiol.) A sphygmograph.

Pulsion

Pul"sion (?), n. [L. pulsio, fr. pellere, pulsum, to drive: cf. F. pulsion.] The act of driving forward; propulsion; -- opposed to suction or traction. [R.]
Page 1162

Pulsive

Pul"sive (?), a. Tending to compel; compulsory. [R.] "The pulsive strain of conscience." Marston.

Pulsometer

Pul*som"e*ter (?), n. [Pulse + -meter.]

1. A device, with valves, for raising water by steam, partly by atmospheric pressure, and partly by the direct action of the steam on the water, without the intervention of a piston; -- also called vacuum pump.<-- sounds like a steam aspirator, perhaps with other attachments. No figure. "vacuum pump" is usu. reserved for a mechanical device to create a vacuum, nothing to do with raising water. -->

2. A pulsimeter.

Pult

Pult (?), v. t. To put. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Pultaceous

Pul*ta"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. pultac\'82. See 1st Pulse.] Macerated; softened; nearly fluid.

Pultesse, Pultise

Pul"tesse (?), Pul"tise (?), n. Poultry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Pulu

Pu"lu (?), n. A vegetable substance consisting of soft, elastic, yellowish brown chaff, gathered in the Hawaiian Islands from the young fronds of free ferns of the genus Cibotium, chiefly C. Menziesii; -- used for stuffing mattresses, cushions, etc., and as an absorbent.

Purverable

Pur"ver*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being reduced to fine powder. Boyle.

Pulveraceous

Pul`ver*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Having a finely powdered surface; pulverulent.

Pulverate

Pul"ver*ate (?), v. t. [L. pulveratus, p. p. of pulverare to pulverize. See Pulverize.] To beat or reduce to powder or dust; to pulverize. [R.]

Pulverine

Pul"ver*ine (?), n. [L. pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder; cf. F. pulv\'82rin.] Ashes of barilla. Ure.

Pulverizable

Pul"ver*i`za*ble (?), a. Admitting of being pulverized; pulverable. Barton.

Pulverization

Pul`ver*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. pulv\'82risation.] The action of reducing to dust or powder.

Pulverize

Pul"ver*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pulverized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pulverizing (?).] [F. pulv\'82riser, L. pulverizare, fr. pulvis dust, powder. See Powder.] To reduce of fine powder or dust, as by beating, grinding, or the like; as, friable substances may be pulverized by grinding or beating, but to pulverize malleable bodies other methods must be pursued.

Pulverize

Pul"ver*ize, v. i. To become reduced to powder; to fall to dust; as, the stone pulverizes easily.

Pulverizer

Pul"ver*i`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, pulverizes.

Pulverous

Pul"ver*ous (?), a. [Cf. L. pulvereus, from pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder.] Consisting of dust or powder; like powder.

Pulverulence

Pul*ver"u*lence (?), n. The state of being pulverulent; abundance of dust or powder; dustiness.

Pulverulent

Pul*ver"u*lent (?), a. [L. pulverulentus, fr. pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder: cf. F. pulv\'82rulent.] Consisting of, or reducible to, fine powder; covered with dust or powder; powdery; dusty.

Pulvil

Pul"vil (?), n. [It. polviglio, fr. L. pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder: cf. Sp. polvillo.] A sweet-scented powder; pulvillio. [Written also pulville.] [Obs.] Gay.

Pulvil

Pul"vil, v. t. To apply pulvil to. [Obs.] Congreve.

Pulvillio, Pulvillo

Pul*vil"li*o (?), Pul*vil"lo (?), n. [See Pulvil.] A kind of perfume in the form of a powder, formerly much used, -- often in little bags.
Smells of incense, ambergris, and pulvillios. Addison.

Pulvillus

Pul*vil"lus (?), n.; pl. Pulvilli (#). [L., a little cushion.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the minute cushions on the feet of certain insects.

Pulvinar

Pul*vi"nar (?), n. [L., a cushion.] (Anat.) A prominence on the posterior part of the thalamus of the human brain.

Pulvinate, Pulvinated

Pul"vi*nate (?), Pul"vi*na`ted (?), a. [L. pulvinatus, fr. pulvinus a cushion, an elevation.]

1. (Arch.) Curved convexly or swelled; as, a pulvinated frieze. Brande & C.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the form of a cushion.

Pulvinic

Pul*vin"ic (?), a. [From Vulpinic, by transposition of the letters.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the decomposition of vulpinic acid, as a white crystalline substance.

Pulvinulus

Pul*vin"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Pulvinuli (#). [L., a little mound.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pulvillus.

Puma

Pu"ma (?), n. [Peruv. puma.] (Zo\'94l.) A large American carnivore (Felis concolor), found from Canada to Patagonia, especially among the mountains. Its color is tawny, or brownish yellow, without spots or stripes. Called also catamount, cougar, American lion, mountain lion, and panther or painter.

Pume

Pume (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A stint.

Pumicate

Pu"mi*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pumicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pumicating.] [L. pumicatus, p. p. of pumicare to pumicate, fr. pumex. See Pumice.] To make smooth with pumice. [R.]

Pumice

Pum"ice (?), n. [L. pumex, pumicis, prob. akin to spuma foam: cf. AS. pumic-st\'ben. Cf. Pounce a powder, Spume.] (Min.) A very light porous volcanic scoria, usually of a gray color, the pores of which are capillary and parallel, giving it a fibrous structure. It is supposed to be produced by the disengagement of watery vapor without liquid or plastic lava. It is much used, esp. in the form of powder, for smoothing and polishing. Called also pumice stone.

Pumiced

Pum"iced (?), a. (Far.) Affected with a kind of chronic laminitis in which there is a growth of soft spongy horn between the coffin bone and the hoof wall. The disease is called pumiced foot, or pumice foot.

Pumiceous

Pu*mi`ceous (?), a. [L. pumiceus.] Of or pertaining to pumice; resembling pumice.

Pumice stone

Pum"ice stone` (?). Same as Pumice.

Pumiciform

Pu*mic"i*form (?), a. [Pumice + -form.] Resembling, or having the structure of, pumice.

Pummace

Pum"mace (?), n. Same as Pomace.

Pummel

Pum"mel (?), n. & v. t. Same as Pommel.

Pump

Pump (p&ucr;mp), n. [Probably so called as being worn for pomp or ornament. See Pomp.] A low shoe with a thin sole.<-- MW10 says "close-fitting shoe with moderate to high heel". Usage changed? --> Swift.

Pump

Pump, n. [Akin to D. pomp, G. pumpe, F. pompe; of unknown origin.] An hydraulic machine, variously constructed, for raising or transferring fluids, consisting essentially of a moving piece or piston working in a hollow cylinder or other cavity, with valves properly placed for admitting or retaining the fluid as it is drawn or driven through them by the action of the piston. <-- this definition is for a mechanical pump. A peristaltic pump would not fit this def. MW10: "a device that raises, transfers, or compresses fluids . . . by suction or pressure or both." --> &hand; for various kinds of pumps, see Air pump, Chain pump, and Force pump; also, under Lifting, Plunger, Rotary, etc. Circulating pump (Steam Engine), a pump for driving the condensing water through the casing, or tubes, of a surface condenser. -- Pump brake. See Pump handle, below. -- Pump dale. See Dale. -- Pump gear, the apparatus belonging to a pump. Totten. -- Pump handle, the lever, worked by hand, by which motion is given to the bucket of a pump. -- Pump hood, a semicylindrical appendage covering the upper wheel of a chain pump. -- Pump rod, the rod to which the bucket of a pump is fastened, and which is attached to the brake or handle; the piston rod. -- Pump room, a place or room at a mineral spring where the waters are drawn and drunk. [Eng.] -- Pump spear. Same as Pump rod, above. -- Pump stock, the stationary part, body, or barrel of a pump. -- Pump well. (Naut.) See Well.<-- vacuum pump, a pump which creates a vacuum by removing gas (usually air) from a container. Mechanical vacuum pump, a vacuum pump operating by the motion of a piston or rotary blade in a chamber, as contrasted with an aspirator. Persistaltic pump, a pump transferring fluids by peristaltic action on a flexible tube. Such pumps are used where a gentle pumping action is desired, or the transferred fluid may be harmed in a mechanical pump; as in the infusion of fluids into blood vessels of the body, or the pumping of explosive or easily decomposed fluids. -->

Pump

Pump, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pumped (p&ucr;mt; 215); p. pr. & vb. n. pumping.]

1. To raise with a pump, as water or other liquid.

2. To draw water, or the like, from; to from water by means of a pump; as, they pumped the well dry; to pump a ship.

3. Figuratively, to draw out or obtain, as secrets or money, by persistent questioning or plying; to question or ply persistently in order to elicit something, as information, money, etc.

But pump not me for politics. Otway.

Pump

Pump, v. i. To work, or raise water, a pump.

Pumpage

Pump"age (?), n. That which is raised by pumps, or the work done by pumps.
The pumpage last year amounted to . . . gallons. Sci. Amer.

Pumper

Pump"er (?), n. One who pumps; the instrument or machine used in pumping. Boyle.

Pumpernickel

Pump"er*nick`el (?), n. [G.] A sort of bread, made of unbolted rye, which forms the chief food of the Westphalian peasants. It is acid but nourishing.

Pumpet

Pum"pet (?), n. A pompet. Pumpet ball (Print.), a ball for inking types; a pompet.

Pumping

Pump"ing, a. & n. from pump. Pumping engine, a steam engine and pump combined for raising water. See Steam engine.

Pumpion

Pump"ion (?), n. (Bot.) See Pumpkin.

Pumpkin

Pump"kin (?), n. [For older pompion, pompon, OF. pompon, L. pepo, peponis, Gr. Cook, n.] (Bot.) A well-known trailing plant (Cucurbita pepo) and its fruit, -- used for cooking and for feeding stock; a pompion. Pumpkin seed. (a) The flattish oval seed of the pumpkin. (b) (Zo\'94l.) The common pondfish.

Pumy

Pu"my (?), a. [Cf. Prov. E. pummer big, large, and E. pomey pommel.] Large and rounded. [Obs.]
A gentle stream, whose murmuring wave did play Amongst the pumy stones. Spenser.

Pun

Pun (?), v. t. [See Pound to beat.] To pound. [Obs.]
He would pun thee into shivers with his fist. Shak.

Pun

Pun, n. [Cf. Pun to pound, Pound to beat.] A play on words which have the same sound but different meanings; an expression in which two different applications of a word present an odd or ludicrous idea; a kind of quibble or equivocation. Addison.
A better put on this word was made on the Beggar's Opera, which, it was said, made Gay rich, and Rich gay. Walpole.

Pun

Pun, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Punned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Punning.] To make puns, or a pun; to use a word in a double sense, especially when the contrast of ideas is ludicrous; to play upon words; to quibble. Dryden.

Pun

Pun, v. t. To persuade or affect by a pun. Addison.

Punch

Punch (?), n. [Hind. p\'bench five, Skr. pacan. So called because composed of five ingredients, viz., sugar, arrack, spice, water, and lemon juice. See Five.] A beverage composed of wine or distilled liquor, water (or milk), sugar, and the juice of lemon, with spice or mint; -- specifically named from the kind of spirit used; as rum punch, claret punch, champagne punch, etc.<-- (b) a nonalcoholic beverage, usually composed of a mixture of fruit juices --> Milk punch, a sort of punch made with spirit, milk, sugar, spice, etc. -- Punch bowl, a large bowl in which punch is made, or from which it is served. -- Roman punch, a punch frozen and served as an ice.

Punch

Punch, n. [Abbrev, fr. punchinello.] The buffoon or harlequin of a puppet show. Punch and Judy, a puppet show in which a comical little hunchbacked Punch, with a large nose, engages in altercation with his wife Judy.

Punch

Punch (?), n. [Prov. E. Cf. Punchy.]

1. A short, fat fellow; anything short and thick.

I . . . did hear them call their fat child punch, which pleased me mightily, that word being become a word of common use for all that is thick and short. Pepys.

2. One of a breed of large, heavy draught horses; as, the Suffolk punch.

Punch

Punch, v. t. [OE. punchen, perhaps the same word as E. punish: or cf. E. bunch.] To thrust against; to poke; as, to punch one with the end of a stick or the elbow.

Punch

Punch, n. A thrust or blow. [Colloq.]

Punch

Punch, n. [Abbrev. fr. puncheon.]

1. A tool, usually of steel, variously shaped at one end for different uses, and either solid, for stamping or for perforating holes in metallic plates and other substances, or hollow and sharpedged, for cutting out blanks, as for buttons, steel pens, jewelry, and the like; a die.

2. (Pile Driving) An extension piece applied to the top of a pile; a dolly.

3. A prop, as for the roof of a mine. Bell punch. See under Bell. -- Belt punch (Mach.), a punch, or punch pliers, for making holes for lacings in the ends of driving belts. -- Punch press. See Punching machine, under Punch, v. i. -- Punch pliers, pliers having a tubular, sharp-edged steel punch attached to one of the jaws, for perforating leather, paper, and the like.

Punch

Punch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Punching.] [From Punch, n., a tool; cf. F. poin&cced;onner.] To perforate or stamp with an instrument by pressure, or a blow; as, to punch a hole; to punch ticket. Punching machine, ∨ Punching press, a machine tool for punching holes in metal or other material; -- called also punch press.

Puncheon

Punch"eon (?), n. [F. poin&cced;on awl, bodkin, crown, king-post, fr. L. punctio a pricking, fr. pungere to prick. See Pungent, and cf. Punch a tool, Punction.]

1. A figured stamp, die, or punch, used by goldsmiths, cutlers, etc.

2. (Carp.) A short, upright piece of timber in framing; a short post; an intermediate stud. Oxf. Gloss.

3. A split log or heavy slab with the face smoothed; as, a floor made of puncheons. [U.S.] Bartlett.

4. [F. poin&cced;on, perh. the same as poin&cced;on an awl.] A cask containing, sometimes 84, sometimes 120, gallons.

Puncher

Punch"er (?), n. One who, or that which, punches.

Punchin

Pun"chin (?), n. See Puncheon.

Punchinello

Pun`chi*nel"lo (?), n. [It. pulcinella, probably originally a word of endearment, dim. of pulcina, pulcino, a chicken, from L. pullicenus, pullus. See Pullet.] A punch; a buffoon; originally, in a puppet show, a character represented as fat, short, and humpbacked. Spectator.

Punchy

Punch"y (?), a. [Perhaps for paunchy, from paunch. See 3d Punch.] Short and thick, or fat.

Punctated, Punctated

Punc"ta*ted (?), Punc"ta*ted (?), a. [From L. punctum point. See Point .]

1. Pointed; ending in a point or points.

2. (Nat. Hist.) Dotted with small spots of color, or with minute depressions or pits.

Punctator

Punc*ta"tor (?), n. One who marks with points. specifically, one who writes Hebrew with points; -- applied to a Masorite. E. Robinson.

Puncticular

Punc*tic"u*lar (?), a. Comprised in, or like, a point; exact. [Obs. & R.] Sir T. Browne.

Punctiform

Punc"ti*form (?), a. [L. punctum point + -form.] Having the form of a point.

Punctilio

Punc*til"io (?), n.; pl. Punctilios (#). [It. puntiglio, or Sp. puntillo, dim. fr. L. punctum point. See Point, n.] A nice point of exactness in conduct, ceremony, or proceeding; particularity or exactness in forms; as, the punctilios of a public ceremony.
They will not part with the least punctilio in their opinions and practices. Fuller
.

Punctillous

Punc*til"lous (?), a. [Cf. It. puntiglioso, Sp. puntilloso.] Attentive to punctilio; very nice or exact in the forms of behavior, etiquette, or mutual intercourse; precise; exact in the smallest particulars. "A punctilious observance of divine laws." Rogers. "Very punctilious copies of any letters. The Nation.
Punctilious in the simple and intelligible instances of common life. I. Taylor.
-- Punc*til"ious*ly, adv. -- Punc*til"ious*ness, n.

Punction

Punc"tion (?), n. [L. punctio, fr. pungere, punctum, to prick: cf. F. ponction. Cf. Puncheon.] A puncturing, or pricking; a puncture.

Punctist

Punc"tist (?), n. A punctator. E. Henderson.

Puncto

Punc"to (?), n. [See Punto.]

1. A nice point of form or ceremony. Bacon.

2. A term applied to the point in fencing. Farrow.

Punctual

Punc"tu*al (?), a. [F. ponctuel (cf. Sp.puntual, It. puntuale), from L. punctum point. See Point.]

1. Consisting in a point; limited to a point; unextended. [R.] "This punctual spot." Milton.

The theory of the punctual existence of the soul. Krauth.

2. Observant of nice points; punctilious; precise.

Punctual to tediousness in all that he relates. Bp. Burnet.
So much on punctual niceties they stand. C. Pitt.

3. Appearing or done at, or adhering exactly to, a regular or an appointed time; precise; prompt; as, a punctual man; a punctual payment. "The race of the undeviating and punctual sun." Cowper.

These sharp strokes [of a pendulum], with their inexorably steady intersections, so agree with our successive thoughts that they seem like the punctual stops counting off our very souls into the past. J. Martineau.

Page 1163

Punctualist

Punc"tu*al*ist (?), n. One who is very exact in observing forms and ceremonies. Milton.

Punctuality

Punc`tu*al"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. ponctualit\'82.] The quality or state of being punctual; especially, adherence to the exact time of an engagement; exactness.

Punctually

Punc"tu*al*ly (?), adv. In a punctual manner; promptly; exactly.

Punctualness

Punc"tu*al*ness, n. Punctuality; exactness.

Punctuate

Punc"tu*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punctuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Punctuating.] [Cf. F. ponctuer. See Punctual.] To mark with points; to separate into sentences, clauses, etc., by points or stops which mark the proper pauses in expressing the meaning.

Punctuation

Punc`tu*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. ponctuation.] (Gram.) The act or art of punctuating or pointing a writing or discourse; the art or mode of dividing literary composition into sentences, and members of a sentence, by means of points, so as to elucidate the author's meaning. &hand; Punctuation, as the term is usually understood, is chiefly performed with four points: the period [.], the colon [:], the semicolon [;], and the comma [,]. Other points used in writing and printing, partly rhetorical and partly grammatical, are the note of interrogation [?], the note of exclamation [!], the parentheses [()], the dash [--], and brackets []. It was not until the 16th century that an approach was made to the present system of punctuation by the Manutii of Venice. With Caxton, oblique strokes took the place of commas and periods.

Punctuative

Punc"tu*a*tive (?), a. Of or belonging to points of division; relating to punctuation.
The punctuative intonation of feeble cadence. Rush.

Punctuator

Punc"tu*a`tor (?), n. One who punctuates, as in writing; specifically, a punctator.

Punctuist

Punc"tu*ist, n. A punctator.

Punctulate, Punctulated

Punc"tu*late (?), Punc"tu*la`ted (?), a. [L. punctulum, dim. of punctum point.] Marked with small spots.
The studs have their surface punctulated, as if set all over with other studs infinitely lesser. Woodward.

Punctum

Punc"tum (?), n. [L., a point.] A point. Punctum c\'91cum. [L., blind point.] (Anat.) Same as Blind spot, under Blind. -- Punctum proximum, near point. See under Point. -- Punctum remotum, far point. See under Point. -- Punctum vegetationis [L., point of vegetation] (Bot.), the terminal cell of a stem, or of a leaf bud, from which new growth originates.

Puncturation

Punc`tu*ra"tion (?), n. The act or process of puncturing. See Acupuncture.

Puncture

Punc"ture (?), n. [L. punctura, fr. pungere, punctum, to prick. See Pungent.]

1. The act of puncturing; perforating with something pointed.

2. A small hole made by a point; a slight wound, bite, or sting; as, the puncture of a nail, needle, or pin.

A lion may perish by the puncture of an asp. Rambler.

Puncture

Punc"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punctured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puncturing.] To pierce with a small, pointed instrument, or the like; to prick; to make a puncture in; as, to puncture the skin.

Punctured

Punc"tured (?), a.

1. Having the surface covered with minute indentations or dots.

2. (Med.) Produced by puncture; having the characteristics of a puncture; as, a punctured wound.

Pundit

Pun"dit (?), n. [Hind. pandit, Skr. pandita a learned man.] A learned man; a teacher; esp., a Brahman versed in the Sanskrit language, and in the science, laws, and religion of the Hindoos; in Cashmere, any clerk or native official. [Written also pandit.] [India]

Pundle

Pun"dle (?), n. [Cf. Bundle.] A short and fat woman; a squab. [Obs.]

Punese

Pu"nese (?), n. [F. punaise, fr. punais stinking, fr. L. putere.] (Zo\'94l.) A bedbug. [R or Obs.]

Pung

Pung (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A kind of plain sleigh drawn by one horse; originally, a rude oblong box on runners. [U.S.]
Sledges or pungs, coarsely framed of split saplings, and surmounted with a large crockery crate. Judd.
They did not take out the pungs to-day. E. E. Hale.

Pungence

Pun"gence (?), n. [See Pungent.] Pungency.

Pungency

Pun"gen*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being pungent or piercing; keenness; sharpness; piquancy; as, the pungency of ammonia. "The pungency of menaces." Hammond.

Pungent

Pun"gent (?), a. [L. pungens, -entis, p. pr. of pungere, punctum, to prick. Cf. Compunction, Expunge, Poignant, Point, n., Puncheon, Punctilio, Punt, v. t.]

1. Causing a sharp sensation, as of the taste, smell, or feelings; pricking; biting; acrid; as, a pungent spice.

Pungent radish biting infant's tongue. Shenstone.
The pungent grains of titillating dust. Pope.

2. Sharply painful; penetrating; poignant; severe; caustic; stinging.

With pungent pains on every side. Swift.
His pungent pen played its part in rousing the nation. J. R. Green.

3. (Bot.) Prickly-pointed; hard and sharp. Syn. -- Acrid; piercing; sharp; penetrating; acute; keen; acrimonious; biting; stinging.

Pungently

Pun"gent*ly, adv. In a pungent manner; sharply.

Pungled

Pun"gled (?), a. [Etymol. uncertain.] Shriveled or shrunken; -- said especially of grain which has lost its juices from the ravages of insects, such as the wheat midge, or Trips (Thrips cerealium).

Pungy

Pung"y (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A small sloop or shallop, or a large boat with sails.

Punic

Pu"nic (?), a. [L. Punicus pertaining to Carthage, or its inhabitants, fr. Poeni the Carthaginians.]

1. Of or pertaining to the ancient Carthaginians.

2. Characteristic of the ancient Carthaginians; faithless; treacherous; as, Punic faith.

Yes, yes, his faith attesting nations own; 'T is Punic all, and to a proverb known. H. Brooke.

Punice

Pu"nice (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Punese. [Obs. or R.]

Punice

Pu"nice, v. t. To punish. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Puniceous, Punicial

Pu*ni"ceous (?), Pu*ni"cial (?), a. [L. puniceus, fr. Punicus Punic.] Of a bright red or purple color. [R.]

Puniness

Pu"ni*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being puny; littleness; pettiness; feebleness.

Punish

Pun"ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Punishing.] [OE. punischen, F. punir, from L. punire, punitum, akin to poena punishment, penalty. See Pain, and -ish.]

1. To impose a penalty upon; to afflict with pain, loss, or suffering for a crime or fault, either with or without a view to the offender's amendment; to cause to suffer in retribution; to chasten; as, to punish traitors with death; a father punishes his child for willful disobedience.

A greater power Now ruled him, punished in the shape he sinned. Milton.

2. To inflict a penalty for (an offense) upon the offender; to repay, as a fault, crime, etc., with pain or loss; as, to punish murder or treason with death.

3. To injure, as by beating; to pommel. [Low] Syn. -- To chastise; castigate; scourge; whip; lash; correct; discipline. See Chasten.

Punishable

Pun"ish*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. punissable.] Deserving of, or liable to, punishment; capable of being punished by law or right; -- said of person or offenses.
That time was, when to be a Protestant, to be a Christian, was by law as punishable as to be a traitor. Milton.
-- Pun"ish*a*ble*ness, n.

Punisher

Pun"ish*er (?), n. One who inflicts punishment.

Punishment

Pun"ish*ment (?), n.

1. The act of punishing.

2. Any pain, suffering, or loss inflicted on a person because of a crime or offense.

I never gave them condign punishment. Shak.
The rewards and punishments of another life. Locke.

3. (Law) A penalty inflicted by a court of justice on a convicted offender as a just retribution, and incidentally for the purposes of reformation and prevention.

Punition

Pu*ni"tion (?), n. [L. punitio: cf. F. punition. See Punish.] Punishment. [R.] Mir. for Mag.

Punitive

Pu"ni*tive (?), a. Of or pertaining to punishment; involving, awarding, or inflicting punishment; as, punitive law or justice.
If death be punitive, so, likewise, is the necessity imposed upon man of toiling for his subsistence. I. Taylor.
We shall dread a blow from the punitive hand. Bagehot.

Punitory

Pu"ni*to*ry (?), a. Punishing; tending to punishment; punitive.
God . . . may make moral evil, as well as natural, at the same time both prudential and punitory. A. Tucker.

Punk

Punk (?), n. [Cf. Spunk.]

1. Wood so decayed as to be dry, crumbly, and useful for tinder; touchwood.

2. A fungus (Polyporus fomentarius, etc.) sometimes dried for tinder; agaric.

3. An artificial tinder. See Amadou, and Spunk.

4. A prostitute; a strumpet. [Obsoles.] Shak.

Punka

Pun"ka (?), n. [Hind. pankh\'be fan.] A machine for fanning a room, usually a movable fanlike frame covered with canvas, and suspended from the ceiling. It is kept in motion by pulling a cord. [Hindostan] [Written also punkah.] Malcom.

Punkin

Pun"kin (?), n. A pumpkin. [Colloq. U. S.]

Punkling

Punk"ling (?), n. A young strumpet. [Obs.]

Punner

Pun"ner (?), n. A punster. Beau. & Fl.

Punnet

Pun"net (?), n. [Cf. Ir. buinne a shoot, branch.] A broad, shallow basket, for displaying fruit or flowers.

Punnology

Pun*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Pun + -logy.] The art or practice of punning; paronomasia. [R.] Pope.

Punster

Pun"ster (?), n. One who puns, or is skilled in, or given to, punning; a quibbler; a low wit.

Punt

Punt (?), v. i. [F. ponter, or It. puntare, fr. L. punctum point. See Point.] To play at basset, baccara, faro. or omber; to gamble.
She heard . . . of his punting at gaming tables. Thackeray.

Punt

Punt, n. Act of playing at basset, baccara, faro, etc.

Punt

Punt, n. [AS., fr. L. ponto punt, pontoon. See Pontoon.] (Naut.) A flat-bottomed boat with square ends. It is adapted for use in shallow waters.

Punt

Punt, v. t.

1. To propel, as a boat in shallow water, by pushing with a pole against the bottom; to push or propel (anything) with exertion. Livingstone.

2. (Football) To kick (the ball) before it touches the ground, when let fall from the hands.

Punt

Punt, n. (Football) The act of punting the ball.

Punter

Punt"er (?), n.[Cf. F. ponte. See Punt, v. t.] One who punts; specifically, one who plays against the banker or dealer, as in baccara and faro. Hoyle.

Punter

Punt"er, n. One who punts a football; also, one who propels a punt.

Puntil, Puntel

Pun"til (?), Pun"tel (?), n. (Glass Making) See Pontee.

Punto

Pun"to (?), n. [It. punto, L. punctum point. See Point.] (Fencing) A point or hit. Punto diritto [It.], a direct stroke or hit. -- Punto reverso [It. riverso reverse], a backhanded stroke. Halliwell. "Ah, the immortal passado! the punto reverso!" Shak.

Punty

Pun"ty (?), n. (Glass Making) See Pontee.

Puny

Pu"ny (?), a. [Compar. Punier (?); superl. Puniest.] [F. pu\'8ct\'82 younger, later born, OF. puisn\'82; puis afterwards (L. post; see Post-) + n\'82 born, L. natus. See Natal, and cf. Puisne.] Imperfectly developed in size or vigor; small and feeble; inferior; petty.
A puny subject strikes at thy great glory. Shak.
Breezes laugh to scorn our puny speed. Keble.

Puny

Pu"ny (?), n. A youth; a novice. [R.] Fuller.

Puoy

Puoy (?), n. Same as Poy, n., 3.

Pup

Pup (?), n. [See Puppy.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A young dog; a puppy. (b) a young seal.<-- any young canine? -->

Pup

Pup, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pupped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pupping.] To bring forth whelps or young, as the female of the canine species.

Pupa

Pu"pa (?), n.; pl. L. Pup (#), E. Pupas (#). [L. pupa girl. doll, puppet, fem. of pupus. Cf. Puppet.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any insect in that stage of its metamorphosis which usually immediately precedes the adult, or imago, stage. &hand; Among insects belonging to the higher orders, as the Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, the pupa is inactive and takes no food; in the lower orders it is active and takes food, and differs little from the imago except in the rudimentary state of the sexual organs, and of the wings in those that have wings when adult. The term pupa is sometimes applied to other invertebrates in analogous stages of development.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of air-breathing land snails having an elongated spiral shell. Coarctate, ∨ Obtected, pupa, a pupa which is incased in the dried-up skin of the larva, as in many Diptera. -- Masked pupa, a pupa whose limbs are bound down and partly concealed by a chitinous covering, as in Lepidoptera.

Pupal

Pu"pal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a pupa, or the condition of a pupa.

Pupate

Pu"pate (?), v. i. (Zo\'94l.) To become a pupa.

Pupation

Pu*pa"tion (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) the act of becoming a pupa.

Pupe

Pupe (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) A pupa.

Pupelo

Pu*pe"lo (?), n. Cider brandy. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

Pupigerous

Pu*pig"er*ous, a. [Pupa + -gerous.] (Zo\'94l.) Bearing or containing a pupa; -- said of dipterous larv\'91 which do not molt when the pupa is formed within them.

Pupil

Pu"pil (?), n. [F. pupille, n. fem., L. pupilla the pupil of the eye, originally dim. of pupa a girl. See Puppet, and cf. Pupil a scholar.] (Anat.) The aperture in the iris; the sight, apple, or black of the eye. See the Note under Eye, and Iris. Pin-hole pupil (Med.), the pupil of the eye when so contracted (as it sometimes is in typhus, or opium poisoning) as to resemble a pin hole. Dunglison.

Pupil

Pu"pil, n. [F. pupille, n. masc. & fem., L. pupillus, pupilla, dim. of pupus boy, pupa girl. See Puppet, and cf. Pupil of the eye.]

1. A youth or scholar of either sex under the care of an instructor or tutor.

Too far in years to be a pupil now. Shak.
Tutors should behave reverently before their pupils. L'Estrange.

2. A person under a guardian; a ward. Dryden.

3. (Civil Law) A boy or a girl under the age of puberty, that is, under fourteen if a male, and under twelve if a female. Syn. -- Learner; disciple; tyro. -- See Scholar.

Pupilage

Pu"pil*age (?), n. The state of being a pupil.
As sons of kings, loving in pupilage, Have turned to tyrants when they came to power. Tennyson.

Pupillarity

Pu`pil*lar"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. pupillarit\'82. See Pupillary.] (Scots Law) The period before puberty, or from birth to fourteen in males, and twelve in females.

Pupillary

Pu"pil*la*ry (?), a. [L. pupillaris: cf. F.pupillaire. See Pupil.]

1. Of or pertaining to a pupil or ward. Johnson.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pupil of the eye.

Pupillometer

Pu`pil*lom"e*ter (?), n. [L. pupilla pupil of the eye + -meter.] (Physiol.) An instrument for measuring the size of the pupil of the pupil of the eye.

Pupipara

Pu*pip"a*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pupiparous.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Diptera in which the young are born in a stage like the pupa. It includes the sheep tick, horse tick, and other parasites. Called also Homaloptera.

Pupiparous

Pu*pip"a*rous (?), a. [Pupa + L. parere to bring forth.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Bearing, or containing, a pupa; -- said of the matured larv\'91, or larval skins, of certain Diptera. (b) Of or pertaining to the Pupipara.

Pupivora

Pu*piv"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Pupivorous.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of parasitic Hymenoptera, including the ichneumon flies, which destroy the larv\'91 and pup\'91 of insects.

Pupivorous

Pu*piv"o*rous (?), a. [Pupa + L. vorare to devour.] (Zo\'94l.) Feeding on the pup\'91 of insects.

Puplican

Pup"li*can (?), n. Publican. [Obs.]

Puppet

Pup"pet (?), n. [OE. popet, OF. poupette; akin to F. poup\'82e a doll, probably from L. puppa, pupa, a girl, doll, puppet. Cf. Poupeton, Pupa, Pupil, Puppy.] [Written also poppet.]

1. A small image in the human form; a doll.


Page 1164

2. A similar figure moved by the hand or by a wire in a mock drama; a marionette; a wooden actor in a play.

At the pipes of some carved organ move, The gilded puppets dance. Pope.

3. One controlled in his action by the will of another; a tool; -- so used in contempt. Sir W. Scott.

4. (Mach.) The upright support for the bearing of the spindle in a lathe. Puppet master. Same as Puppetman. -- Puppet play, a puppet show. -- Puppet player, one who manages the motions of puppets. -- Puppet show, a mock drama performed by puppets moved by wires. -- Puppet valve, a valve in the form of a circular disk, which covers a hole in its seat, and opens by moving bodily away from the seat while remaining parallel with it, -- used in steam engines, pumps, safety valves, etc. Its edge is often beveled, and fits in a conical recess in the seat when the valve is closed. See the valves shown in Illusts. of Plunger pump, and Safety valve, under Plunger, and Safety.

Puppetish

Pup"pet*ish (?), a. Resembling a puppet in appearance or action; of the nature of a puppet.

Puppetman

Pup"pet*man (?), n. A master of a puppet show.

Puppetry

Pup"pet*ry (?), n. Action or appearance resembling that of a puppet, or puppet show; hence, mere form or show; affectation.
Puppetry of the English laws of divorce. Chambers.

Puppy

Pup"py (?), n.; pl. Puppies (#). [F. poup\'82e doll, puppet. See Puppet, and cf. Pup, n.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The young of a canine animal, esp. of the common dog; a whelp.

2. A name of contemptuous reproach for a conceited and impertinent person.

I found my place taken by an ill-bred, awkward puppy with a money bag under each arm. Addison.

Puppy

Pup"py, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puppied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puppying.] To bring forth whelps; to pup.

Puppyhood

Pup"py*hood (?), n. The time or state of being a puppy; the time of being young and undisciplined.

Puppyish

Pup"py*ish, a. Like a puppy.

Puppyism

Pup"py*ism (?), n. Extreme meanness, affectation, conceit, or impudence. A. Chalmers.

Pur

Pur (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Purred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purring.] [Of imitative origin; cf. Prov. G. purren.] To utter a low, murmuring, continued sound, as a cat does when pleased. [Written also purr.]

Pur

Pur, v. t. To signify or express by purring. Gray.

Pur

Pur, n. The low, murmuring sound made by a cat to express contentment or pleasure. [Written also purr.]

Purana

Pu*ra"na (?), n. [Skr. pur\'be, properly. old, ancient, fr. pur\'be formerly.] One of a class of sacred Hindoo poetical works in the Sanskrit language which treat of the creation, destruction, and renovation of worlds, the genealogy and achievements of gods and heroes, the reigns of the Manus, and the transactions of their descendants. The principal Puranas are eighteen in number, and there are the same number of supplementary books called Upa Puranas.

Puranic

Pu*ran"ic (?), a. Pertaining to the Puranas.

Purbeck beds

Pur"beck beds` (?). [So called from the Isle of Purbeck in England.] (Geol.) The strata of the Purbeck stone, or Purbeck limestone, belonging to the O\'94litic group. See the Chart of Geology.

Purbeck stone

Pur"beck stone` (?). (Geol.) A limestone from the Isle of Purbeck in England.

Purblind

Pur"blind` (?), a. [For pure-blind, i. e., wholly blind. See Pure, and cf. Poreblind.]

1. Wholly blind. "Purblind Argus, all eyes and no sight." Shak.

2. Nearsighted, or dim-sighted; seeing obscurely; as, a purblind eye; a purblind mole.

The saints have not so sharp eyes to see down from heaven; they be purblindand sand-blind. Latimer.
O purblind race of miserable men. Tennyson.
-- Pur"blind`ly, adv. -- Pur"blind`ness, n.

Purcelane

Purce"lane (?), n. (Bot.) Purslane. [Obs.]

Purchasable

Pur"chas*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being bought, purchased, or obtained for a consideration; hence, venal; corrupt.
Money being the counterbalance to all things purchasable by it, as much as you take off from the value of money, so much you add to the price of things exchanged. Locke.

Purchase

Pur"chase (?; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purchased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purchasing.] [OE. purchasen, porchacen, OF. porchacier, purchacier, to pursue, to seek eagerly, F. pourchasser; OF. pour, por, pur, for (L. pro) + chacier to pursue, to chase. See Chase.]

1. To pursue and obtain; to acquire by seeking; to gain, obtain, or acquire. Chaucer.

That loves the thing he can not purchase. Spenser.
Your accent is Something finer than you could purchase in so removed a dwelling. Shak.
His faults . . . hereditary Rather than purchased. Shak.

2. To obtain by paying money or its equivalent; to buy for a price; as, to purchase land, or a house.

The field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth. Gen. xxv. 10.

3. To obtain by any outlay, as of labor, danger, or sacrifice, etc.; as, to purchase favor with flattery.

One poor retiring minute . . . Would purchase thee a thousand thousand friends. Shak.
A world who would not purchase with a bruise? Milton.

4. To expiate by a fine or forfeit. [Obs.]

Not tears nor prayers shall purchase out abuses. Shak.

5. (Law) (a) To acquire by any means except descent or inheritance. Blackstone. (b) To buy for a price.

6. To apply to (anything) a device for obtaining a mechanical advantage; to get a purchase upon, or apply a purchase to; as, to purchase a cannon.

Purchase

Pur"chase, v. i.

1. To put forth effort to obtain anything; to strive; to exert one's self. [Obs.]

Duke John of Brabant purchased greatly that the Earl of Flanders should have his daughter in marriage. Ld. Berners.

2. To acquire wealth or property. [Obs.]

Sure our lawyers Would not purchase half so fast. J. Webster.

Purchase

Pur"chase (?; 48), n. [OE. purchds, F. pourchas eager pursuit. See Purchase, v. t.]

1. The act of seeking, getting, or obtaining anything. [Obs.]

I'll . . . get meat to have thee, Or lose my life in the purchase. Beau. & Fl.

2. The act of seeking and acquiring property.

3. The acquisition of title to, or properly in, anything for a price; buying for money or its equivalent.

It is foolish to lay out money in the purchase of repentance. Franklin.

4. That which is obtained, got, or acquired, in any manner, honestly or dishonestly; property; possession; acquisition. Chaucer. B. Jonson.

We met with little purchase upon this coast, except two small vessels of Golconda. De Foe.
A beauty-waning and distressed widow . . . Made prize and purchase of his lustful eye. Shak.

5. That which is obtained for a price in money or its equivalent. "The scrip was complete evidence of his right in the purchase." Wheaton.

6. Any mechanical hold, or advantage, applied to the raising or removing of heavy bodies, as by a lever, a tackle, capstan, and the like; also, the apparatus, tackle, or device by which the advantage is gained.

A politician, to do great things, looks for a power -- what our workmen call a purchase. Burke.

7. (Law) Acquisition of lands or tenements by other means than descent or inheritance, namely, by one's own act or agreement. Blackstone. Purchase criminal, robbery. [Obs.] Spenser. -- Purchase money, the money paid, or contracted to be paid, for anything bought. Berkeley. -- Worth, ∨ At, [so many] years' purchase, a phrase by which the value or cost of a thing is expressed in the length of time required for the income to amount to the purchasing price; as, he bought the estate at a twenty years' purchase. To say one's life is not worth a day's purchase in the same as saying one will not live a day, or is in imminent peril.

Purchaser

Pur"chas*er (?), n.

1. One who purchases; one who acquires property for a consideration, generally of money; a buyer; a vendee.

2. (Law) One who acquires an estate in lands by his own act or agreement, or who takes or obtains an estate by any means other than by descent or inheritance.

Purdah

Pur"dah (?), n. [Per. parda a curtain.] A curtain or screen; also, a cotton fabric in blue and white stripes, used for curtains. McElrath.

Pure

Pure (?), a. [Compar. Purer (?); superl. Purest.] [OE. pur, F. pur, fr. L. purus; akin to putus pure, clear, putare to clean, trim, prune, set in order, settle, reckon, consider, think, Skr. p to clean, and perh. E. fire. Cf. Putative.]

1. Separate from all heterogeneous or extraneous matter; free from mixture or combination; clean; mere; simple; unmixed; as, pure water; pure clay; pure air; pure compassion.

The pure fetters on his shins great. Chaucer.
A guinea is pure gold if it has in it no alloy. I. Watts.

2. Free from moral defilement or quilt; hence, innocent; guileless; chaste; -- applied to persons. "Keep thyself pure." 1 Tim. v. 22.

Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience. 1 Tim. i. 5.

3. Free from that which harms, vitiates, weakens, or pollutes; genuine; real; perfect; -- applied to things and actions. "Pure religion and impartial laws." Tickell. "The pure, fine talk of Rome." Ascham.

Such was the origin of a friendship as warm and pure as any that ancient or modern history records. Macaulay.

4. (Script.) Ritually clean; fitted for holy services.

Thou shalt set them in two rows, six on a row, upon the pure table before the Lord. Lev. xxiv. 6.

5. (Phonetics) Of a single, simple sound or tone; -- said of some vowels and the unaspirated consonants. Pure-impure, completely or totally impure. "The inhabitants were pure-impure pagans." Fuller. -- Pure blue. (Chem.) See Methylene blue, under Methylene. -- Pure chemistry. See under Chemistry. -- Pure mathematics, that portion of mathematics which treats of the principles of the science, or contradistinction to applied mathematics, which treats of the application of the principles to the investigation of other branches of knowledge, or to the practical wants of life. See Mathematics. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. ) -- Pure villenage (Feudal Law), a tenure of lands by uncertain services at the will of the lord. Blackstone. Syn. -- Unmixed; clear; simple; real; true; genuine; unadulterated; uncorrupted; unsullied; untarnished; unstained; stainless; clean; fair; unspotted; spotless; incorrupt; chaste; unpolluted; undefiled; immaculate; innocent; guiltless; guileless; holy.

Pured

Pured (?), a. Purified; refined. [Obs.] "Bread of pured wheat." "Pured gold." Chaucer.

Pur\'82e

Pu`r\'82e" (?), n. [F.] A dish made by boiling any article of food to a pulp and rubbing it through a sieve; as, a pur\'82e of fish, or of potatoes; especially, a soup the thickening of which is so treated.

Purely

Pure"ly (?), adv.

1. In a pure manner (in any sense of the adjective).

2. Nicely; prettily. [Archaic] Halliwell.

Pureness

Pure"ness, n. The state of being pure (in any sense of the adjective).

Purfile

Pur"file (?), n. [See Purfle.] A sort of ancient trimming of tinsel and thread for women's gowns; -- called also bobbinwork. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Purfle

Pur"fle (?), v. t. [OF. pourfiler; pour for + fil a thread, L. filum. See Profile, and cf. Purl a border.]

1. To decorate with a wrought or flowered border; to embroider; to ornament with metallic threads; as, to purfle with blue and white. P. Plowman.

A goodly lady clad in scarlet red, Purfled with gold and pearl of rich assay. Spenser.

2. (Her.) To ornament with a bordure of emines, furs, and the like; also, with gold studs or mountings.

Purfle, Purflew

Pur"fle (?), Pur"flew (?), n.

1. A hem, border., or trimming, as of embroidered work.

2. (Her.) A border of any heraldic fur.

Purfled

Pur"fled (?), a. Ornamented; decorated; esp., embroidered on the edges. Purfled work (Arch.), delicate tracery, especially in Gothic architecture.

Purfling

Pur"fling (?), n. Ornamentation on the border of a thing; specifically, the inlaid border of a musical instrument, as a violin.

Purgament

Pur"ga*ment (?), n. [L. purgamentum offscourings, washings, expiatory sacrifice. See Purge.]

1. That which is excreted; excretion. [Obs.]

2. (Med.) A cathartic; a purgative. [Obs.] Bacon.

Purgation

Pur*ga"tion (?), n. [L. purgatio: cf. F. purgation. See Purge.]

1. The act of purging; the act of clearing, cleansing, or putifying, by separating and carrying off impurities, or whatever is superfluous; the evacuation of the bowels.

2. (Law) The clearing of one's self from a crime of which one was publicly suspected and accused. It was either canonical, which was prescribed by the canon law, the form whereof used in the spiritual court was, that the person suspected take his oath that he was clear of the matter objected against him, and bring his honest neighbors with him to make oath that they believes he swore truly; or vulgar, which was by fire or water ordeal, or by combat. See Ordeal. Wharton.

Let him put me to my purgation. Shak.

Purgative

Pur"ga*tive (?), a [L. purgativus: cf. F. purgatif.] Having the power or quality of purging; cathartic. -- n. (Med.) A purging medicine; a cathartic.

Purgatively

Pur"ga*tive*ly, adv. In a purgative manner.

Purgatorial, Purgatorian

Pur`ga*to"ri*al (?), Pur`ga*to"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to purgatory; expiatory.

Purgatorian

Pur`ga*to"ri*an, n. One who holds to the doctrine of purgatory. Boswell.

Purgatory

Pur"ga*to*ry (?), a. [L. purgatorius.] Tending to cleanse; cleansing; expiatory. Burke.

Purgatory

Pur"ga*to*ry, n. [Cf. F. purgatoire.] A state or place of purification after death; according to the Roman Catholic creed, a place, or a state believed to exist after death, in which the souls of persons are purified by expiating such offenses committed in this life as do not merit eternal damnation, or in which they fully satisfy the justice of God for sins that have been forgiven. After this purgation from the impurities of sin, the souls are believed to be received into heaven.

Purge

Purge (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purging (?).] [F. purger, L. purgare; purus pure + agere to make, to do. See Pure, and Agent.]

1. To cleanse, clear, or purify by separating and carrying off whatever is impure, heterogeneous, foreign, or superfluous. "Till fire purge all things new." Milton.

2. (Med.) To operate on as, or by means of, a cathartic medicine, or in a similar manner.

3. To clarify; to defecate, as liquors.

4. To clear of sediment, as a boiler, or of air, as a steam pipe, by driving off or permitting escape.

5. To clear from guilt, or from moral or ceremonial defilement; as, to purge one of guilt or crime.

When that he hath purged you from sin. Chaucer.
Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean. Ps. li. 7.

6. (Law) To clear from accusation, or the charge of a crime or misdemeanor, as by oath or in ordeal.

7. To remove in cleansing; to deterge; to wash away; -- often followed by away.

Purge away our sins, for thy name's sake. Ps. lxxix. 9.
We 'll join our cares to purge away Our country's crimes. Addison.

Purge

Purge, v. i.

1. To become pure, as by clarification.

2. To have or produce frequent evacuations from the intestines, as by means of a cathartic.

Purge

Purge, n. [Cf. F. purge. See Purge, v. t.]

1. The act of purging.

The preparative for the purge of paganism of the kingdom of Northumberland. Fuller.

2. That which purges; especially, a medicine that evacuates the intestines; a cathartic. Arbuthnot.

Purger

Pur"ger (?), n. One who, or that which, purges or cleanses; especially, a cathartic medicine.

Purgery

Pur"ger*y (?), n. The part of a sugarhouse where the molasses is drained off from the sugar.

Purging

Pur"ging (?), a. That purges; cleansing. Purging flax (Bot.), an annual European plant of the genus Linum (L. catharticum); dwarf wild flax; -- so called from its use as a cathartic medicine.

Purging

Pur"ging, n. (Med.) The act of cleansing; excessive evacuations; especially, diarrhea.

Puri

Pur"i (?), n. (Chem.) See Euxanthin.

Purification

Pu`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [F. purification, L. purificatio. See Purify.]

1. The act of purifying; the act or operation of separating and removing from anything that which is impure or noxious, or heterogeneous or foreign to it; as, the purification of liquors, or of metals.

2. The act or operation of cleansing ceremonially, by removing any pollution or defilement.

When the days of her purification according to the law of Moses were accomplished. Luke ii. 22.

3. A cleansing from guilt or the pollution of sin; the extinction of sinful desires, appetites, and inclinations.

Purificative

Pu"ri*fi*ca*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. purificatif.] Having power to purify; tending to cleanse. [R.]

Purificator

Pu"ri*fi*ca`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, purifies; a purifier.

Purrificatory

Pur*rif"i*ca*to*ry (?), a. [L. purificatorius.] Serving or tending to purify; purificative.

Purifier

Pu"ri*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, purifies or cleanses; a cleanser; a refiner.
Page 1165

Puriform

Pu"ri*form (?), a. [L. pus, puris, pus + -form: cf. F. puriforme.] (Med.) In the form of pus.

Purify

Pu"ri*fy (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purifying (?).] [F.purifier, L. purificare; purus pure + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Pure, and -fy.]

1. To make pure or clear from material defilement, admixture, or imperfection; to free from extraneous or noxious matter; as, to purify liquors or metals; to purify the blood; to purify the air.

2. Hence, in figurative uses: (a) To free from guilt or moral defilement; as, to purify the heart.

And fit them so Purified to receive him pure. Milton.
(b) To free from ceremonial or legal defilement.
And Moses took the blood, and put it upon the horns of the altar, . . . and purified the altar. Lev. viii. 15.
Purify both yourselves and your captives. Num. xxxi. 19.
(c) To free from improprieties or barbarisms; as, to purify a language. Sprat.

Purify

Pu"ri*fy, v. i. To grow or become pure or clear.

Purim

Pu"rim (?), n. [Heb. p&umac;r, pl. p&umac;r&imac;m, a lot.] A Jewish festival, called also the Feast of Lots, instituted to commemorate the deliverance of the Jews from the machinations of Haman. Esther ix. 26.

Purism

Pur"ism (?), n. [Cf. F. purisme.] Rigid purity; the quality of being affectedly pure or nice, especially in the choice of language; over-solicitude as to purity. "His political purism." De Quincey.
The English language, however, . . . had even already become too thoroughly and essentially a mixed tongue for his doctrine of purism to be admitted to the letter. Craik.

Purist

Pur"ist, n. [Cf. F. puriste.]

1. One who aims at excessive purity or nicety, esp. in the choice of language.

He [Fox] . . . purified vocabulary with a scrupulosity unknown to any purist. Macaulay.

2. One who maintains that the New Testament was written in pure Greek. M. Stuart.

Puristic, Puristical

Pu*ris"tic (?), Pu*ris"tic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to purists or purism.

Puritan

Pu"ri*tan (?), n. [From Purity.]

1. (Eccl. Hist.) One who, in the time of Queen Elizabeth and the first two Stuarts, opposed traditional and formal usages, and advocated simpler forms of faith and worship than those established by law; -- originally, a term of reproach. The Puritans formed the bulk of the early population of New England. &hand; The Puritans were afterward distinguished as Political Puritans, Doctrinal Puritans, and Puritans in Discipline. Hume.

2. One who is scrupulous and strict in his religious life; -- often used reproachfully or in contempt; one who has overstrict notions.

She would make a puritan of the devil. Shak.

Puritan

Pu"ri*tan, a. Of or pertaining to the Puritans; resembling, or characteristic of, the Puritans.

Puritanic, Puritanical

Pu`ri*tan"ic (?), Pu`ri*tan"ic*al (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to the Puritans, or to their doctrines and practice.

2. Precise in observance of legal or religious requirements; strict; overscrupulous; rigid; -- often used by way of reproach or contempt.

Paritanical circles, from which plays and novels were strictly excluded. Macaulay.
He had all the puritanic traits, both good and evil. Hawthorne.

Puritanically

Pu`ri*tan"ic*al*ly, adv. In a puritanical manner.

Puritanism

Pu"ri*tan*ism (?), n. The doctrines, notions, or practice of Puritans.

Puritanize

Pu"ri*tan*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puritanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puritanizing (?).] To agree with, or teach, the doctrines of Puritans; to conform to the practice of Puritans. Bp. Montagu.

Purity

Pu"ri*ty (?), n. [OE. purete, purte, OF. purt\'82, F. puret\'82, from L. puritas, fr. purus pure. See Pure.] The condition of being pure. Specifically: (a) freedom from foreign admixture or deleterious matter; as, the purity of water, of wine, of drugs, of metals. (b) Cleanness; freedom from foulness or dirt. "The purity of a linen vesture." Holyday. (c) Freedom from guilt or the defilement of sin; innocence; chastity; as, purity of heart or of life. (d) Freedom from any sinister or improper motives or views. (e) Freedom from foreign idioms, or from barbarous or improper words or phrases; as, purity of style.

Purkinje's cells

Pur"kin*je's cells` (?). [From J. E. Purkinje, their discoverer.] (Anat.) Large ganglion cells forming a layer near the surface of the cerebellum.

Purl

Purl (?), v. t. [Contr. fr. purfile, purfle. See Purfle.] To decorate with fringe or embroidery. "Nature's cradle more enchased and purled." B. Jonson.

Purl

Purl, n.

1. An embroidered and puckered border; a hem or fringe, often of gold or silver twist; also, a pleat or fold, as of a band.

A triumphant chariot made of carnation velvet, enriched withpurl and pearl. Sir P. Sidney
.

2. An inversion of stitches in knitting, which gives to the work a ribbed or waved appearance. Purl stitch. Same as Purl, n., 2.

Purl

Purl, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Purled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purling.] [Cf. Sw. porla, and E. pur to murmur as a cat.]

1. To run swiftly round, as a small stream flowing among stones or other obstructions; to eddy; also, to make a murmuring sound, as water does in running over or through obstructions.

Swift o'er the rolling pebbles, down the hills, Louder and louder purl the falling rills. Pope.

2. [Perh. fr. F. perler to pearl, to bead. See Pearl, v. & n.] To rise in circles, ripples, or undulations; to curl; to mantle.

thin winding breath which purled up to the sky. Shak.

Purl

Purl, n. [See 3d Purl.]

1. A circle made by the notion of a fluid; an eddy; a ripple.

Whose stream an easy breath doth seem to blow, Which on the sparkling gravel runs in purles, As though the waves had been of silver curls. Drayton.

2. A gentle murmur, as that produced by the running of a liquid among obstructions; as, the purl of a brook.

3. [Perh. from F.perler, v. See Purl to mantle.] Malt liquor, medicated or spiced; formerly, ale or beer in which wormwood or other bitter herbs had been infused, and which was regarded as tonic; at present, hot beer mixed with gin, sugar, and spices. "Drank a glass of purl to recover appetite." Addison. "Drinking hot purl, and smoking pipes." Dickens.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A tern. [Prov. Eng.]

Purlieu

Pur"lieu (?), n. [Corrupted (by influence of lieu place) fr. OF. pural\'82e, poral\'82e (equiv. to LL. perambulatio a survey of boundaries, originally, a going through); por (L. pro, confused, however, with L. per through) + al\'82e. See Pro-, and Alley.] [Written also pourlieu.]

1. Originally, the ground near a royal forest, which, having been unlawfully added to the forest, was afterwards severed from it, and disafforested so as to remit to the former owners their rights.

Then as a tiger, who by chance hath spied In some purlieu two gentle fawns at play. Milton.

2. Hence, the outer portion of any place; an adjacent district; environs; neighborhood. "The purlieus of St. James."

brokers had been incessantly plying for custom in the purlieus of the court. Macaulay.

Purlin, Purline

Pur"lin, Pur"line (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Arch.) In root construction, a horizontal member supported on the principals and supporting the common rafters.

Purling

Purl"ing (?), n. [See 3d Purl.] The motion of a small stream running among obstructions; also, the murmur it makes in so doing.

Purloin

Pur*loin" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purloined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purloining.] [OF. purloignier, porloignier, to retard, delay; pur, por, pour, for (L. pro) + loin far, far off (L. longe). See Prolong, and cf. Eloign.] To take or carry away for one's self; hence, to steal; to take by theft; to filch.
Had from his wakeful custody purloined The guarded gold. Milton.
when did the muse from Fletcher scenes purloin ? Dryden.

Purloin

Pur*loin", v. i. To practice theft; to steal. Titus ii. 10.

Purloiner

Pur*loin"er (?), n. One who purloins. Swift.

Purparty

Pur"par`ty (?), n. [OF. pourpartie; pour for + partie a part; cf. OF. purpart a respective part.] (Law) A share, part, or portion of an estate allotted to a coparcener. [Written also purpart, and pourparty.]
I am forced to eat all the game of your purparties, as well as my own thirds. Walpole.

Purple

Pur"ple (?), n.; pl. Purples (#). [OE. purpre, pourpre, OF. purpre, porpre, pourpre, F. pourpre, L. purpura purple fish, purple dye, fr. Gr. furere to rage, E. fury: cf. AS. purpure. Cf. Porphyry, Purpure.]

1. A color formed by, or resembling that formed by, a combination of the primary colors red and blue.

Arraying with reflected purple and gold The clouds that on his western throne attend. Milton.
&hand; The ancient words which are translated purple are supposed to have been used for the color we call crimson. In the gradations of color as defined in art, purple is a mixture of red and blue. When red predominates it is called violet, and when blue predominates, hyacinth.

2. Cloth dyed a purple color, or a garment of such color; especially, a purple robe, worn as an emblem of rank or authority; specifically, the purple rode or mantle worn by Roman emperors as the emblem of imperial dignity; as, to put on the imperial purple.

Thou shalt make the tabernacle with ten curtains of fine twined linen, and purple, and scarlet. Ex. xxvi. 1.

3. Hence: Imperial sovereignty; royal rank, dignity, or favor; loosely and colloquially, any exalted station; great wealth. "He was born in the purple." Gibbon.

4. A cardinalate. See Cardinal.

5. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of large butterflies, usually marked with purple or blue, of the genus Basilarchia (formerly Limenitis) as, the banded purple (B. arthemis). See Illust. under Ursula.

6. (Zo\'94l.) Any shell of the genus Purpura.

7. pl.(Med.) See Purpura.

8. pl. A disease of wheat. Same as Earcockle. &hand; Purple is sometimes used in composition, esp. with participles forming words of obvious signification; as, purple-colored, purple-hued, purple-stained, purple-tinged, purple-tinted, and the like. French purple. (Chem.) Same as Cudbear. -- Purple of Cassius. See Cassius. -- Purple of mollusca (Zo\'94l.), a coloring matter derived from certain mollusks, which dyes wool, etc., of a purple or crimson color, and is supposed to be the substance of the famous Tyrian dye. It is obtained from Ianthina, and from several species of Purpura, and Murex. -- To be born in the purple, to be of princely birth; to be highborn.

Purple

Pur"ple, a.

1. Exhibiting or possessing the color called purple, much esteemed for its richness and beauty; of a deep red, or red and blue color; as, a purple robe.

2. Imperial; regal; -- so called from the color having been an emblem of imperial authority.

Hide in the dust thy purple pride. Shelley.

3. Blood-red; bloody.

May such purple tears be alway shed. Shak.
I view a field of blood, And Tiber rolling with a purple blood. Dryden.
Purple bird (Zo\'94l.), the European purple gallinule. See under Gallinule. -- Purple copper ore. (Min.) See Bornite. -- Purple grackle (Zo\'94l.), the crow blackbird. See under Crow. -- Purple martin. See under Martin. -- Purple sandpiper. See under Sandpiper. -- Purple shell. See Ianthina.

Purple

Pur"ple (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purpled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purpling.] To make purple; to dye of purple or deep red color; as, hands purpled with blood.
When morn Purples the east. Milton.
Reclining soft in blissful bowers, Purpled sweet with springing flowers. Fenton.

Purpleheart

Pur"ple*heart` (?), n. (Bot.) A strong, durable, and elastic wood of a purplish color, obtained from several tropical American leguminous trees of the genus Copaifera (C. pubiflora, bracteata, ∧ officinalis). Used for decorative veneering. See Copaiba.

Purplewood

Pur"ple*wood` (?), n. Same as Purpleheart.

Purplish

Pur"plish (?), a. Somewhat purple. Boyle.

Purport

Pur"port (?), n. [OF. purport; pur, pour, for (L. pro) + porter to bear, carry. See Port demeanor.]

1. Design or tendency; meaning; import; tenor.

The whole scope and purport of that dialogue. Norris. With a look so piteous in purport As if he had been loosed out of hell. Shak.

2. Disguise; covering. [Obs.]

For she her sex under that strange purport Did use to hide. Spenser.

Purport

Pur"port, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purported; p. pr. & vb. n. Purporting.] [OF. purporter, pourporter. See Purport, n.] To intend to show; to intend; to mean; to signify; to import; -- often with an object clause or infinitive.
They in most grave and solemn wise unfolded Matter which little purported. Rowe.

Purportless

Pur"port*less, a. Without purport or meaning.

Purpose

Pur"pose (?), n. [OF. purpos, pourpos, propos, L. propositum. See Propound.]

1. That which a person sets before himself as an object to be reached or accomplished; the end or aim to which the view is directed in any plan, measure, or exertion; view; aim; design; intention; plan.

He will his firste purpos modify. Chaucer.
As my eternal purpose hath decreed. Milton.
The flighty purpose never is o'ertook Unless the deed go with it. Shak.

2. Proposal to another; discourse. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. Instance; example. [Obs.] L'Estrange. In purpose, Of purpose, On purpose, with previous design; with the mind directed to that object; intentionally. On purpose is the form now generally used. Syn. -- design; end; intention; aim. See Design.

Purpose

Pur"pose, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purposing.] [OF. purposer, proposer. See Propose.]

1. To set forth; to bring forward. [Obs.]

2. To propose, as an aim, to one's self; to determine upon, as some end or object to be accomplished; to intend; to design; to resolve; -- often followed by an infinitive or dependent clause. Chaucer.

Did nothing purpose against the state. Shak.
I purpose to write the history of England from the accession of King James the Second down to a time which is within the memory of men still living. Macaulay.

Purpose

Pur"pose, v. i. To have a purpose or intention; to discourse. [Obs.] Spenser.

Purposedly

Pur"posed*ly (?), adv. In a purposed manner; according to purpose or design; purposely.
A poem composed purposedly of the Trojan war. Holland.

Purposeful

Pur"pose*ful (?), a. Important; material. "Purposeful accounts." Tylor. -- Pur"pose*ful*ly, adv.

Purposeless

Pur"pose*less, a. Having no purpose or result; objectless. Bp. Hall. -- Pur"pose*less*ness, n.

Purposely

Pur"pose*ly, adv. With purpose or design; intentionally; with predetermination; designedly.
In composing this discourse, I purposely declined all offensive and displeasing truths. Atterbury.
So much they scorn the crowd, that if the throng By chance go right, they purposely go wrong. Pope.

Purposer

Pur"pos*er (?), n.

1. One who brings forward or proposes anything; a proposer. [Obs.]

2. One who forms a purpose; one who intends.

Purposive

Pur"po*sive (?), a. Having or indicating purpose or design. "Purposive characters." Bastian.
Purposive modification of structure in a bone. Owen.
It is impossible that the frog should perform actions morepurposive than these. Huxley.

Purpre

Pur"pre (?), n. & a. Purple. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Purpresture

Pur*pres"ture (?), n. [Probably corrupted (see Prest) fr. OF. pourprisure, fr. pourprendre: cf. LL. purprestura. Cf. Purprise.] (Law) Wrongful encroachment upon another's property; esp., any encroachment upon, or inclosure of, that which should be common or public, as highways, rivers, harbors, forts, etc. [Written also pourpresture.]

Purprise

Pur"prise (?), n. [OF. pourpris,fr. pourprendre to take away entirely; pour for + prendre to take.] A close or inclosure; the compass of a manor. Bacon.

Purpura

Pur"pu*ra (?), n. [L., purple, purple fish: cf. F. purpura. See Purple.]

1. (Med.) A disease characterized by livid spots on the skin from extravasated blood, with loss of muscular strength, pain in the limbs, and mental dejection; the purples. Dunglison.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine gastropods, usually having a rough and thick shell. Some species yield a purple dye.

Purpurate

Pur"pu*rate (?), a. Of or pertaining to purpura.

Purpurate

Pur"pu*rate, n. (Chem.) A salt of purpuric acid.

Purpure

Pur"pure (?), n. [L. purpura purple. See Purple.] (Her.) Purple, -- represented in engraving by diagonal lines declining from the right top to the left base of the escutcheon (or from sinister chief to dexter base).

Purpureal

Pur*pu"re*al (?), a. Of a purple color; purple.

Purpureo-

Pur*pu"re*o- (?). A combining form signifying of a purple or purple-red color. Specif. (Chem.), used in designating certain brilliant purple-red compounds of cobaltic chloride and ammonia, similar to the roseocobaltic compounds. See Cobaltic.
Page 1166

Purpuric

Pur*pu"ric (?), a. [Cf. F. purpurique.]

1. (Med.) Of or pertaining to purpura. Dunglison.

2. (Chem.) Pertaining to or designating, a nitrogenous acid contained in uric acid. It is not known in the pure state, but forms well-known purple-red compounds (as murexide), whence its name. &hand; Purpuric acid was formerly used to designate murexan. See Murexan.

Pyrpurin

Pyr"pu*rin (?), n. (Chem.) A dyestuff resembling alizarin, found in madder root, and extracted as an orange or red crystalline substance.

Pyrpuriparous

Pyr`pu*rip"a*rous (?), a. [L. purpura purple + parere to produce.] (Biol.) Producing, or connected with, a purple-colored secretion; as, the purpuriparous gland of certain gastropods.

Purpurogenous

Pur`pu*rog"e*nous (?), a. [L. purpura purple + -genous.] (Biol.) Having the power to produce a purple color; as, the purpurogenous membrane, or choroidal epithelium, of the eye. See Visual purple, under Visual.

Purr

Purr (?), v. i. & t. To murmur as a cat. See Pur.

Purr

Purr, n. The low murmuring sound made by a cat; pur. See Pur.

Purre

Purre (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The dunlin. [Prov. Eng.]

Purree

Pur"ree (?), n. [Hind. peori yellow.] (Chem.) A yellow coloring matter. See Euxanthin.

Purrock

Pur"rock (?), n. See Puddock, and Parrock.

Purse

Purse (?), n. [OE. purs, pors, OF. burse, borse, bourse, F. bourse, LL. bursa, fr. Gr. Bourse, Bursch, Bursar, Buskin.]

1. A small bag or pouch, the opening of which is made to draw together closely, used to carry money in; by extension, any receptacle for money carried on the person; a wallet; a pocketbook; a portemonnaie. Chaucer.

Who steals my purse steals trash. Shak.

2. Hence, a treasury; finances; as, the public purse.

3. A sum of money offered as a prize, or collected as a present; as, to win the purse; to make up a purse.

4. A specific sum of money; as: (a) In Turkey, the sum of 500 piasters. (b) In Persia, the sum of 50 tomans. Light purse, ∨ Empty purse, poverty or want of resources. -- Long purse, ∨ Heavy purse, wealth; riches. -- Purse crab (Zo\'94l.), any land crab of the genus Birgus, allied to the hermit crabs. They sometimes weigh twenty pounds or more, and are very strong, being able to crack cocoanuts with the large claw. They chiefly inhabit the tropical islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans, living in holes and feeding upon fruit. Called also palm crab. -- Purse net, a fishing net, the mouth of which may be closed or drawn together like a purse. Mortimer. Purse pride, pride of money; insolence proceeding from the possession of wealth. Bp. Hall. -- Purse rat. (Zo\'94l.) See Pocket gopher, under Pocket. -- Sword and purse, the military power and financial resources of a nation.

Purse

Purse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pursed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pursing.]

1. To put into a purse.

I will go and purse the ducats straight. Shak.

2. To draw up or contract into folds or wrinkles, like the mouth of a purse; to pucker; to knit.

Thou . . . didst contract and purse thy brow. Shak.

Purse

Purse, v. i. To steal purses; to rob. [Obs. & R.]
I'll purse: . . . I'll bet at bowling alleys. Beau. & Fl.

Purseful

Purse"ful (?), n.; pl. Pursefuls (. All that is, or can be, contained in a purse; enough to fill a purse.

Purse-proud

Purse"-proud` (?), a. Affected with purse pride; puffed up with the possession of riches.

Purser

Purs"er (?), n. [See Purse, and cf. Bursar.]

1. (Naut.) A commissioned officer in the navy who had charge of the provisions, clothing, and public moneys on shipboard; -- now called paymaster.

2. A clerk on steam passenger vessels whose duty it is to keep the accounts of the vessels, such as the receipt of freight, tickets, etc.

3. Colloquially, any paymaster or cashier. Purser's name (Naut.), a false name. [Slang]

Pursership

Purs"er*ship, n. The office of purser. Totten.

Purset

Purs"et (?), n. A purse or purse net. B. Jonson.

Pursiness

Pur"si*ness (?), n. State of being pursy.

Pursive

Pur"sive (?), a. Pursy. [Obs.] Holland.

Pursiveness

Pur"sive*ness, n. Pursiness. [Obs. & R.]

Purslain

Purs"lain (?), n. Same as Purslane.

Purslane

Purs"lane (?), n. [OF. porcelaine, pourcelaine (cf. It. porcellana), corrupted fr. L. porcilaca for portulaca.] (Bot.) An annual plant (Portulaca oleracea), with fleshy, succulent, obovate leaves, sometimes used as a pot herb and for salads, garnishing, and pickling. Flowering purslane, ∨ Great flowered purslane, the Portulaca grandiflora. See Portulaca. -- Purslane tree, a South African shrub (Portulacaria Afra) with many small opposite fleshy obovate leaves. -- Sea purslane, a seashore plant (Arenaria peploides) with crowded opposite fleshy leaves. -- Water purslane, an aquatic plant (Ludwiqia palustris) but slightly resembling purslane.

Pursuable

Pur*su"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being, or fit to be, pursued, followed, or prosecuted. Sherwood.

Pursual

Pur*su"al (?), n. The act of pursuit. [R.]

Pursuance

Pur*su"ance (?), n. [See Pursuant.]

1. The act of pursuing or prosecuting; a following out or after.

Sermons are not like curious inquiries after new nothings, but pursuances of old truths. Jer. Taylor.

2. The state of being pursuant; consequence. In pursuance of, in accordance with; in prosecution or fulfillment of.

Pursuant

Pur*su"ant (?), a. [From Pursue: cf. OE. poursuiant. Cf. Pursuivant.] Acting in consequence or in prosecution (of anything); hence, agreeable; conformable; following; according; -- with to or of.
The conclusion which I draw from these premises, pursuant to the query laid down, is, etc. Waterland.

Pursuant, Pursuantly

Pur*su"ant, Pur*su"ant*ly, adv. Agreeably; conformably.

Pursue

Pur*sue" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pursued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pursuing.] [OE. pursuen, porsuen, OF. porsivre, poursuivre, poursuir, F. poursuivre, fr. L. prosequi; pro forward + sequi to follow. See Sue, and cf. Prosecute, Pursuivant.]

1. To follow with a view to overtake; to follow eagerly, or with haste; to chase; as, to pursue a hare.

We happiness pursue; we fly from pain. Prior.
The happiness of men lies in purswing, Not in possessing. Longfellow.

2. To seek; to use or adopt measures to obtain; as, to pursue a remedy at law.

The fame of ancient matrons you pursue. Dryden.

3. To proceed along, with a view to some and or object; to follow; to go in; as, Captain Cook pursued a new route; the administration pursued a wise course.

4. To prosecute; to be engaged in; to continue. " Insatiate to pursue vain war." Milton.

5. To follow as an example; to imitate.

6. To follow with enmity; to persecute; to call to account.

The servant is not greater than his lord. If they have pursued me, they shall pursue you also. Wyclif (John xv. 20).
Syn. -- To follow; chase; seek; persist. See Follow.

Pursue

Pur*sue", v. i.

1. To go in pursuit; to follow.

The wicked flee when no man pursueth. Prov. xxviii. 1.
Men hotly pursued after the objects of their ambition. Earle.

2. To go on; to proceed, especially in argument or discourse; to continue. [A Gallicism]

I have, pursues Carneades, wondered chemists should not consider. Boyle.

3. (Law) To follow a matter judicially, as a complaining party; to act as a prosecutor. Burrill.

Pursuer

Pur*su"er (?), n.

1. One who pursues or chases; one who follows in haste, with a view to overtake.

2. (Eccl. & Scots Law) A plaintiff; a prosecutor.

Pursuit

Pur*suit" (?), n. [F. poursuite, fr. poursuivre. See Pursue, v. t.]

1. The act of following or going after; esp., a following with haste, either for sport or in hostility; chase; prosecution; as, the pursuit of game; the pursuit of an enemy. Clarendon.

Weak we are, and can not shun pursuit. Shak.

2. A following with a view to reach, accomplish, or obtain; endeavor to attain to or gain; as, the pursuit of knowledge; the pursuit of happiness or pleasure.

3. Course of business or occupation; continued employment with a view to same end; as, mercantile pursuits; a literary pursuit.

4. (Law) Prosecution. [Obs.]

That pursuit for tithes ought, and of ancient time did pertain to the spiritual court. Fuller.
Curve of pursuit (Geom.), a curve described by a point which is at each instant moving towards a second point, which is itself moving according to some specified law.

Pursuivant

Pur"sui*vant (?), n. [F. poursuivant, fr. poursuivre. See Pursue, and cf. Pursuant.] [Written also poursuivant.]

1. (Heralds' College) A functionary of lower rank than a herald, but discharging similar duties; -- called also pursuivant at arms; an attendant of the heralds. Also used figuratively.

The herald Hope, forerunning Fear, And Fear, the pursuivant of Hope. Longfellow.

2. The king's messenger; a state messenger.

One pursuivant who attempted to execute a warrant there was murdered. Macaulay.

Pursuivant

Pur"sui*vant, v. t. To pursue. [Obs. & R.]
Their navy was pursuivanted after with a horrible tempest. Fuller.

Pursy

Pur"sy (?), a. [OF. pourcif, poulsif, poussif, fr. pousser to push, thrust, heave, OF. also poulser: cf. F. pousse the heaves, asthma. See Push.] Fat and short-breathed; fat, short, and thick; swelled with pampering; as, pursy insolence. Shak.
Pursy important he sat him down. Sir W. Scot.

Purtenance

Pur"te*nance (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. appurtenance.] That which pertains or belongs to something; esp., the heard, liver, and lungs of an animal. [Obs.] " The purtenaunces of purgatory." Piers Plowman.
Roast [it] with fire, his head with his legs, and with the purtenance [Rev. Ver., inwards] thereof. Ex. xii. 9.

Purrulence, Purulency

Pur"ru*lence (?), Pu"ru*len*cy (?), n. [L. purulentia: cf. F. purulence.] (Med.) The quality or state of being purulent; the generation of pus; also, the pus itself. Arbuthnot.

Purulent

Pu"ru*lent (?), a. [L. purulentus, fr. pus, puris, pus, matter: cf. F. purulent. See Pus.] (Med.) Consisting of pus, or matter; partaking of the nature of pus; attended with suppuration; as, purulent inflammation.<-- sic. What kind of "matter"? -->

Purulently

Pu"ru*lent*ly, v. In a purulent manner.

Purveance, Purveiaunce

Pur"ve*ance (?), Pur"vei*aunce` (?), n. Purveyance. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Purvey

Pur*vey" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purveyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Purveying.] [OE. purveien, porveien, OF. porveeir, porveoir, F. pourvoir, fr. L. providere. See Provide, and cf. Purview.]

1. To furnish or provide, as with a convenience, provisions, or the like.

Give no odds to your foes, but do purvey Yourself of sword before that bloody day. Spenser.

2. To procure; to get.

I mean to purvey me a wife after the fashion of the children of Benjamin. Sir W. Scot.

Purvey

Pur*vey", v. i.

1. To purchase provisions; to provide; to make provision. Chaucer. Milton.

2. To pander; -- with to. " Their turpitude purveys to their malice." [R.] Burke.

Purveyance

Pur*vey"ance (?), n. [Cf. F. pourvoyance.]

1. The act or process of providing or procuring; providence; foresight; preparation; management. Chaucer.

The ill purveyance of his page. Spenser.

2. That which is provided; provisions; food.

3. (Eng. Law) A providing necessaries for the sovereign by buying them at an appraised value in preference to all others, and oven without the owner's consent. This was formerly a royal prerogative, but has long been abolished. Wharton.

Purveyor

Pur*vey"or (?), n. [OE. porveour, OF. pourveor, F. pourvoyeur. See Purvey, and cf. Proveditor.]

1. One who provides victuals, or whose business is to make provision for the table; a victualer; a caterer.

2. An officer who formerly provided, or exacted provision, for the king's household. [Eng.]

3. a procurer; a pimp; a bawd. Addison.

Purview

Pur"view (?), n. [OF. purveu, pourveu, F. pourvu, provided, p. p. of OF. porveoir, F. pourvoir. See Purvey, View, and cf. Proviso.]

1. (a) (Law) The body of a statute, or that part which begins with " Be it enacted, " as distinguished from the preamble. Cowell. (b) Hence: The limit or scope of a statute; the whole extent of its intention or provisions. Marshall.

Profanations within the purview of several statutes. Bacon.

2. Limit or sphere of authority; scope; extent.

In determining the extent of information required in the exercise of a particular authority, recourse must be had to the objects within the purview of that authority. Madison.

Pus

Pus (?), n. [L., akin to Gr. foul: cf. F. pus. See Foul, a.] (Med.) The yellowish white opaque creamy matter produced by the process of suppuration. It consists of innumerable white nucleated cells floating in a clear liquid.

Pusane

Pu"sane (?), n. (Anc. Armor) A piece of armor for the breast; often, an addition to, or re\'89nforcement of. the breastplate; -- called also pesane.

Puseyism

Pu"sey*ism (?), n. (Ch. of Eng.) The principles of Dr. Pusey and others at Oxford, England, as exhibited in various publications, esp. in a series which appeared from 1833 to 1841, designated " Tracts for the Times;" tractarianism. See Tractarianism.

Puseyistic, Puseyite

Pu"sey*is"tic (?), Pu"sey*ite (?), a. Of or pertaining to Puseyism.

Puseyite

Pu"sey*ite, n. One who holds the principles of Puseyism; -- often used opprobriously.

Push

Push (?), n. [Probably F. poche. See Pouch.] A pustule; a pimple. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Bacon.

Push

Push, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pushed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pushing.] [OE. possen, pussen, F. pousser, fr. L. pulsare, v. intens. fr. pellere, pulsum, to beat, knock, push. See Pulse a beating, and cf. Pursy.]

1. To press against with force; to drive or impel by pressure; to endeavor to drive by steady pressure, without striking; -- opposed to draw.

Sidelong had pushed a mountain from his seat. Milton.

2. To thrust the points of the horns against; to gore.

If the ox shall push a manservant or maidservant, . . . the ox shall be stoned. Ex. xxi. 32.

3. To press or urge forward; to drive; to push an objection too far. " To push his fortune." Dryden.

Ambition pushes the soul to such actions as are apt to procure honor to the actor. Spectator.
We are pushed for an answer. Swift.

4. To bear hard upon; to perplex; to embarrass.

5. To importune; to press with solicitation; to tease. To push down, to overthrow by pushing or impulse.

Push

Push, v. i.

1. To make a thrust; to shove; as, to push with the horns or with a sword. Shak.

2. To make an advance, attack, or effort; to be energetic; as, a man must push in order to succeed.

At the time of the end shall the kind of the south push at him and the king of the north shall come against him. Dan. xi. 40.
War seemed asleep for nine long years; at length Both sides resolved to push, we tried our strength. Dryden.

3. To burst pot, as a bud or shoot. To push on, to drive or urge forward; to hasten.

The rider pushed on at a rapid pace. Sir W. Scott.

Push

Push, n.

1. A thrust with a pointed instrument, or with the end of a thing.

2. Any thrust. pressure, impulse, or force, or force applied; a shove; as, to give the ball the first push.

3. An assault or attack; an effort; an attempt; hence, the time or occasion for action.

Exact reformation is not perfected at the first push. Milton.
hen it comes to the push, tic no more than talk. L' Estrange.

4. The faculty of overcoming obstacles; aggressive energy; as, he has push, or he has no push. [Colloq.] Syn. -- See Thrust.

Pusher

Push"er (?), n. One who, or that which, pushes. <-- 2. One who sells illegal drugs, esp. one who tries to convince others to use such drugs. -->

Pushing

Push"ing, a. Pressing forward in business; enterprising; driving; energetic; also, forward; officious, intrusive. -- Push"ing*ly, adv.

Pushpin

Push"pin` (?), n. A child's game played with pins. L. Estrange.

Pusil

Pu"sil (?), a. [L. pusillus very little.] Very small; little; petty. [Obs.] Bacon.

Pusillanimity

Pu`sil*la*nim"i*ty (?), n. [L. pusillanimitas: cf. F. pusillanimit\'82.] The quality of being pusillanimous; weakness of spirit; cowardliness.
The badge of pusillanimity and cowardice. Shak.
It is obvious to distinguished between an act of . . . pusillanimity and an act of great modesty or humility. South.
Syn. -- Cowardliness; cowardice; fear; timidity.

Pusillanimous

Pu`sil*lan"i*mous (?), a. [L. pusillannimis; pusillus very little (dim. of pusus a little boy; cf. puer a boy, E. puerile) + animus the mind: cf. F. pusillanime. See Animosity.]

1. Destitute of a manly or courageous strength and firmness of mind; of weak spirit; mean-spirited; spiritless; cowardly; -- said of persons, as, a pussillanimous prince.


Page 1167

2. Evincing, or characterized by, weakness of mind, and want of courage; feeble; as, pusillanimous counsels. "A low and pusillanimous spirit." Burke. Syn. -- Cowardly; dastardly; mean-spirited; fainthearted; timid; weak; feeble.

Pusillanimously

Pu`sil*lan"i*mous*ly (?), adv. With pusillanimity.

Pusley

Pus"ley (?), n. (Bot.) Purslane. [Colloq. U. S]

Puss

Puss (p&usdot;s), n. [Cf. D. poes, Ir. & Gael. pus.]

1. A cat; -- a fondling appellation.

2. A hare; -- so called by sportsmen. Puss in the corner, a game in which all the players but one occupy corners of a room, or certain goals in the open air, and exchange places, the one without a corner endeavoring to get a corner while it is vacant, leaving some other without one. -- Puss moth (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of stout bombycid moths belonging to Cerura, Harpyia, and allied genera, esp. Harpyia vinuli, of Europe. The larv\'91 are humpbacked, and have two caudal appendages.

Pussy

Pussy (?), n. [Dim. of puss.]

1. A pet name for a cat; also, an endearing name for a girl.

2. A catkin of the pussy willow.

3. The game of tipcat; -- also called pussy cat. Pussy willow (Bot.), any kind of willow having large cylindrical catkins clothed with long glossy hairs, especially the American Salix discolor; -- called also glaucous willow, and swamp willow.

Pussy

Pus"sy (?), a. See Pursy. [Colloq. or Low]

Pustulant

Pus"tu*lant (?; 135), a. [L. pustulans, p. pr. See Pustulate, v. t.] (Med.) Producing pustules. -- n. A medicine that produces pustules, as croton oil.

Pustular

Pus"tu*lar (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to pustules; as, pustular prominences; pustular eruptions.

2. Covered with pustulelike prominences; pustulate.

Pustulate

Pus"tu*late (?), v. t. [L. pustulatus, p. p. of pustulare to blister, fr. pustula. See Pustule.] To form into pustules, or blisters.

Pustulate, Pustulated

Pus"tu*late (?), Pus"tu*la`ted (?), a. Covered with pustulelike prominences; pustular; pustulous; as, a pustulate leaf; a pustulate shell or coral.

Pustulation

Pus*tu*la"tion (?), n. [L. pustulatio.] The act of producing pustules; the state of being pustulated.

Pustule

Pus"tule (?; 135), n. [L. pustula, and pusula: cf. F. pustule.] (Med.) A vesicle or an elevation of the cuticle with an inflamed base, containing pus. Malignant pustule. See under Malignant.

Pustulous

Pus"tu*lous (?), a. [L. pustulosus, fr. pustula a pustule: cf. F. pustuleux.] Resembling, or covered with, pustules; pustulate; pustular.

Put

Put (?), n. [See Pit.] A pit. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Put

Put, obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Put, contracted from putteth. Chaucer.

Put

Put (?), n. [Cf. W. pwt any short thing, pwt o ddyn a squab of a person, pwtog a short, thick woman.] A rustic; a clown; an awkward or uncouth person.
Queer country puts extol Queen Bess's reign. Bramston.
What droll puts the citizens seem in it all. F. Harrison.

Put

Put (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Put; p. pr. & vb. n. Putting.] [AS. potian to thrust: cf. Dan. putte to put, to put into, Fries. putje; perh. akin to W. pwtio to butt, poke, thrust; cf. also Gael. put to push, thrust, and E. potter, v. i.]

1. To move in any direction; to impel; to thrust; to push; -- nearly obsolete, except with adverbs, as with by (to put by = to thrust aside; to divert); or with forth (to put forth = to thrust out).

His chief designs are . . . to put thee by from thy spiritual employment. Jer. Taylor.

2. To bring to a position or place; to place; to lay; to set; figuratively, to cause to be or exist in a specified relation, condition, or the like; to bring to a stated mental or moral condition; as, to put one in fear; to put a theory in practice; to put an enemy to fight.

This present dignity, In which that I have put you. Chaucer.
I will put enmity between thee and the woman. Gen. iii. 15.
He put no trust in his servants. Job iv. 18.
When God into the hands of their deliverer Puts invincible might. Milton.
In the mean time other measures were put in operation. Sparks.

3. To attach or attribute; to assign; as, to put a wrong construction on an act or expression.

4. To lay down; to give up; to surrender. [Obs.]

No man hath more love than this, that a man put his life for his friends. Wyclif (John xv. 13).

5. To set before one for judgment, acceptance, or rejection; to bring to the attention; to offer; to state; to express; figuratively, to assume; to suppose; -- formerly sometimes followed by that introducing a proposition; as, to put a question; to put a case.

Let us now put that ye have leave. Chaucer.
Put the perception and you put the mind. Berkeley.
These verses, originally Greek, were put in Latin. Milton.
All this is ingeniously and ably put. Hare.

6. To incite; to entice; to urge; to constrain; to oblige.

These wretches put us upon all mischief. Swift.
Put me not use the carnal weapon in my own defense. Sir W. Scott.
Thank him who puts me, loath, to this revenge. Milton.

7. To throw or cast with a pushing motion "overhand," the hand being raised from the shoulder; a practice in athletics; as, to put the shot or weight.

8. (Mining) To convey coal in the mine, as from the working to the tramway. Raymond. Put case, formerly, an elliptical expression for, put or suppose the case to be.

Put case that the soul after departure from the body may live. Bp. Hall.
-- To put about (Naut.), to turn, or change the course of, as a ship. -- To put away. (a) To renounce; to discard; to expel. (b) To divorce. -- To put back. (a) To push or thrust backwards; hence, to hinder; to delay. (b) To refuse; to deny.
Coming from thee, I could not put him back. Shak.
(c) To set, as the hands of a clock, to an earlier hour. (d) To restore to the original place; to replace. -- To put by. (a) To turn, set, or thrust, aside. "Smiling put the question by." Tennyson. (b) To lay aside; to keep; to sore up; as, to put by money. -- To put down. (a) To lay down; to deposit; to set down. (b) To lower; to diminish; as, to put down prices. (c) To deprive of position or power; to put a stop to; to suppress; to abolish; to confute; as, to put down rebellion of traitors.
Mark, how a plain tale shall put you down. Shak.
Sugar hath put down the use of honey. Bacon.
(d) To subscribe; as, to put down one's name. -- To put forth. (a) To thrust out; to extend, as the hand; to cause to come or push out; as, a tree puts forth leaves. (b) To make manifest; to develop; also, to bring into action; to exert; as, to put forth strength. (c) To propose, as a question, a riddle, and the like. (d) To publish, as a book. -- To put forward. (a) To advance to a position of prominence responsibility; to promote. (b) To cause to make progress; to aid. (c) To set, as the hands of a clock, to a later hour. -- To put in. (a) To introduce among others; to insert; sometimes, to introduce with difficulty; as, to put in a word while others are discoursing. (b) (Naut.) To conduct into a harbor, as a ship. (c) (Law) To place in due form before a court; to place among the records of a court. Burrill. (d) (Med.) To restore, as a dislocated part, to its place. -- To put off. (a) To lay aside; to discard; as, to put off a robe; to put off mortality. "Put off thy shoes from off thy feet." Ex. iii. 5. (b) To turn aside; to elude; to disappoint; to frustrate; to baffle.
I hoped for a demonstration, but Themistius hoped to put me off with an harangue. Boyle.
We might put him off with this answer. Bentley.
(c) To delay; to defer; to postpone; as, to put off repentance. (d) To get rid of; to dispose of; especially, to pass fraudulently; as, to put off a counterfeit note, or an ingenious theory<-- = to pass off -->. (e) To push from land; as, to put off a boat. -- To put on ∨ upon. (a) To invest one's self with, as clothes; to assume. "Mercury . . . put on the shape of a man." L'Estrange. (b) To impute (something) to; to charge upon; as, to put blame on or upon another. (c) To advance; to promote. [Obs.] "This came handsomely to put on the peace." Bacon. (d) To impose; to inflict. "That which thou puttest on me, will I bear." 2 Kings xviii. 14. (e) To apply; as, to put on workmen; to put on steam. (f) To deceive; to trick. "The stork found he was put upon." L'Estrange. (g) To place upon, as a means or condition; as, he put him upon bread and water. "This caution will put them upon considering." Locke. (h) (Law) To rest upon; to submit to; as, a defendant puts himself on or upon the country. Burrill. -- To put out. (a) To eject; as, to put out and intruder. (b) To put forth; to shoot, as a bud, or sprout. (c) To extinguish; as, to put out a candle, light, or fire. (d) To place at interest; to loan; as, to put out funds. (e) To provoke, as by insult; to displease; to vex; as, he was put out by my reply. [Colloq.] (f) To protrude; to stretch forth; as, to put out the hand. (g) To publish; to make public; as, to put out a pamphlet. (h) To confuse; to disconcert; to interrupt; as, to put one out in reading or speaking. (i) (Law) To open; as, to put out lights, that is, to open or cut windows. Burrill. (j) (Med.) To place out of joint; to dislocate; as, to put out the ankle. (k) To cause to cease playing, or to prevent from playing longer in a certain inning, as in base ball. -- To put over. (a) To place (some one) in authority over; as, to put a general over a division of an army. (b) To refer.
For the certain knowledge of that knowledge of that truth< put you o'er to heaven and to my mother. Shak.
(c) To defer; to postpone; as, the court put over the cause to the next term. (d) To transfer (a person or thing) across; as, to put one over the river. -- To put the hand to or unto. (a) To take hold of, as of an instrument of labor; as, to put the hand to the plow; hence, to engage in (any task or affair); as, to put one's hand to the work. (b) To take or seize, as in theft. "He hath not put his hand unto his neighbor's goods." Ex. xxii. 11. -- To put through, to cause to go through all conditions or stages of a progress; hence, to push to completion; to accomplish; as, he put through a measure of legislation; he put through a railroad enterprise. [U.S.] -- To put to. (a) To add; to unite; as, to put one sum to another. (b) To refer to; to expose; as, to put the safety of the state to hazard. "That dares not put it to the touch." Montrose. (c) To attach (something) to; to harness beasts to. Dickens. -- To put to a stand, to stop; to arrest by obstacles or difficulties. -- To put to bed. (a) To undress and place in bed, as a child. (b) To deliver in, or to make ready for, childbirth. -- To put to death, to kill. -- To put together, to attach; to aggregate; to unite in one. -- To put this and that (or two and two) together, to draw an inference; to form a correct conclusion. -- To put to it, to distress; to press hard; to perplex; to give difficulty to. "O gentle lady, do not put me to 't." Shak. -- To put to rights, to arrange in proper order; to settle or compose rightly. -- To put to the sword, to kill with the sword; to slay. -- To put to trial, or on trial, to bring to a test; to try. -- To put trust in, to confide in; to repose confidence in. -- To put up. (a) To pass unavenged; to overlook; not to punish or resent; to put up with; as, to put up indignities. [Obs.] "Such national injuries are not to be put up." Addison. (b) To send forth or upward; as, to put up goods for sale. (d) To start from a cover, as game. "She has been frightened; she has been put up." C. Kingsley. (e) To hoard. "Himself never put up any of the rent." Spelman. (f) To lay side or preserve; to pack away; to store; to pickle; as, to put up pork, beef, or fish. (g) To place out of sight, or away; to put in its proper place; as, put up that letter. Shak. (h) To incite; to instigate; -- followed by to; as, he put the lad up to mischief. (i) To raise; to erect; to build; as, to put up a tent, or a house. (j) To lodge; to entertain; as, to put up travelers. -- To put up a job, to arrange a plot. [Slang] Syn. -- To place; set; lay; cause; produce; propose; state. -- Put, Lay, Place, Set. These words agree in the idea of fixing the position of some object, and are often used interchangeably. To put is the least definite, denoting merely to move to a place. To place has more particular reference to the precise location, as to put with care in a certain or proper place. To set or to lay may be used when there is special reference to the position of the object.

Put

Put (put; often p&ucr;t in def. 3), v. i.

1. To go or move; as, when the air first puts up. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. To steer; to direct one's course; to go.

His fury thus appeased, he puts to land. Dryden.

3. To play a card or a hand in the game called put. To put about (Naut.), to change direction; to tack. -- To put back (Naut.), to turn back; to return. "The French . . . had put back to Toulon." Southey. -- To put forth. (a) To shoot, bud, or germinate. "Take earth from under walls where nettles put forth." Bacon. (b) To leave a port or haven, as a ship. Shak. -- To put in (Naut.), to enter a harbor; to sail into port. -- To put in for. (a) To make a request or claim; as, to put in for a share of profits. (b) To go into covert; -- said of a bird escaping from a hawk. (c) To offer one's self; to stand as a candidate for. Locke. -- To put off, to go away; to depart; esp., to leave land, as a ship; to move from the shore. -- To put on, to hasten motion; to drive vehemently. -- To put over (Naut.), to sail over or across. -- To put to sea (Naut.), to set sail; to begin a voyage; to advance into the ocean. -- To put up. (a) To take lodgings; to lodge. (b) To offer one's self as a candidate. L'Estrange.<-- put up or shut up --> -- To put up to, to advance to. [Obs.] "With this he put up to my lord." Swift. -- To put up with. (a) To overlook, or suffer without recompense, punishment, or resentment; as, to put up with an injury or affront. (b) To take without opposition or expressed dissatisfaction; to endure; as, to put up with bad fare.

Put

Put (?), n.

1. The act of putting; an action; a movement; a thrust; a push; as, the put of a ball. "A forced put." L'Estrange.

2. A certain game at cards. Young.

3. A privilege which one party buys of another to "put" (deliver) to him a certain amount of stock, grain, etc., at a certain price and date. [Brokers' Cant]

A put and a call may be combined in one instrument, the holder of which may either buy or sell as he chooses at the fixed price. Johnson's Cyc.

Put

Put (?), n. [OF. pute.] A prostitute. [Obs.]

Putage

Pu"tage (?; 48), n. [OF. putage.] Prostitution or fornication on the part of a woman.

Putamen

Pu*ta"men (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) The shell of a nut; the stone of a drupe fruit. See Endocarp.

Putanism

Pu"tan*ism (?), n. [F. putanisme, fr. putain harlot.] Habitual lewdness or prostitution of a woman; harlotry.

Putative

Pu"ta*tive (?), a. [L. putativus, fr. putare, putatum, to reckon, suppose, adjust, prune, cleanse. See Pure, and cf. Amputate, Compute, Dispute, Impute.] Commonly thought or deemed; supposed; reputed; as, the putative father of a child. "His other putative (I dare not say feigned) friends." E. Hall.
Thus things indifferent, being esteemed useful or pious, became customary, and then came for reverence into a putative and usurped authority. Jer. Taylor.

Putchuck

Put*chuck" (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Pachak.

Puteal

Pu"te*al (?), n. [L., fr. puteus well.] (Arch.) An inclosure surrounding a well to prevent persons from falling into it; a well curb. Weale.

Puteli

Put"e*li (?), n. Same as Patela.

Putery

Pu"ter*y, n. [OF. puterie.] Putage. [Obs.]

Putid

Pu"tid (?), a. [L. putidus: cf. F. putide. Cf. Putrid.] Rotten; fetid; stinking; base; worthless. Jer. Taylor. "Thy putid muse." Dr. H. More.

Putidity, Putidness

Pu*tid"i*ty (?), Pu"tid*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being putrid.

Putlog

Put"log` (?; 277), n. (Arch.) One of the short pieces of timber on which the planks forming the floor of a scaffold are laid, -- one end resting on the ledger of the scaffold, and the other in a hole left in the wall temporarily for the purpose. Oxf. Gloss.

Put-off

Put"-off` (?; 115), n. A shift for evasion or delay; an evasion; an excuse. L'Estrange.

Putour

Pu"tour (?), n. [See Put a prostitute.] A keeper of a brothel; a procurer. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Putredinous

Pu*tred"i*nous (?), a. [L. putredo rottenness, fr. putrere to be rotten. See Putrid.] Proceeding from putrefaction, or partaking of the putrefactive process; having an offensive smell; stinking; rotten.

Putrefaction

Pu`tre*fac"tion (?), n. [L. putrefactio: cf. F. putr\'82faction. See Putrefy.]

1. The act or the process of putrefying; the offensive decay of albuminous or other matter. &hand; Putrefaction is a complex phenomenon involving a multiplicity of chemical reactions, always accompanied by, and without doubt caused by, bacteria and vibriones; hence, putrefaction is a form of fermentation, and is sometimes called putrefaction fermentative. Putrefaction is not possible under conditions that preclude the development of living organisms. Many of the products of putrefaction are powerful poisons, and are called cadaveric poisons, or ptoma\'8bnes.

2. The condition of being putrefied; also, that which putrefied. "Putrefaction's breath." Shelley.

Putrefactive

Pu`tre*fac"tive (?), a. [Cf. putr\'82factif. See Putrefy.]

1. Of or pertaining to putrefaction; as, the putrefactive smell or process. Wiseman.

2. Causing, or tending to promote, putrefaction. -- Pu``tre*fac"tive*ness, n.

Putrefy

Pu"tre*fy (?), v. t. [Written also putrify.] [imp. & p. p. Putrefied (; p. pr. & vb. n. Putrefying (.] [F. putr\'82fier; L. putrere to be rotten + -ficare (in. comp.) to make; cf. L. putrefacere. See Putrid, and -fy.]

1. To render putrid; to cause to decay offensively; to cause to be decomposed; to cause to rot.

2. To corrupt; to make foul.

Private suits do putrefy the public good. Bacon.
They would but stink, and putrefy the air. Shak.

3. To make morbid, carious, or gangrenous; as, to putrefy an ulcer or wound.

Putrefy

Pu"tre*fy, v. i. To become putrid; to decay offensively; to rot. Isa. 1. 6.

Putrescence

Pu*tres"cence (?), n. The state of being putrescent; putrescent matter.
Page 1168

Putrescent

Pu*tres"cent (?), a. [L. putrescens, p. pr.of putrescere to grow rotten, v. incho. fr. putrere to be rotten. See Putrid.]

1. Becoming putrid or rotten.

Externally powerful, although putrescent at the core. Motley.

2. Of or pertaining to the process of putrefaction; as, a putrescent smell.

Putrescible

Pu*tres"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of putrefaction; liable to become putrid; as, putrescible substances.

Putrescible

Pu*tres"ci*ble, n. A substance, usually nitrogenous, which is liable to undergo decomposition when in contact with air and moisture at ordinary temperatures.

Putrescin

Pu*tres"cin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A nontoxic diamine, C4H12N2, formed in the putrefaction of the flesh of mammals and some other animals.

Putrid

Pu"trid (?), a. [L. putridus, fr. putrere to be rotten, fr.puter, or putris, rotten, fr. putere to stink, to be rotten: cf. F. putride. See Pus, Foul, a.]

1. Tending to decomposition or decay; decomposed; rotten; -- said of animal or vegetable matter; as, putrid flesh. See Putrefaction.

2. Indicating or proceeding from a decayed state of animal or vegetable matter; as, a putrid smell. Putrid fever (Med.), typhus fever; -- so called from the decomposing and offensive state of the discharges and diseased textures of the body. -- Putrid sore throat (Med.), a gangrenous inflammation of the fauces and pharynx.

Putridity

Pu*trid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. putridit\'82.] The quality of being putrid; putrefaction; rottenness.

Putridness

Pu"trid*ness (?), n. Putridity. Floyer.

Putrifacted

Pu"tri*fac`ted (?), a. [See Putrefy.] Putrefied. [Obs.]
What vermin bred of putrifacted slime. Marston.

Putrification

Pu`tri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. Putrefaction.

Putrify

Pu"tri*fy (?), v. t. & i. To putrefy.

Putrilage

Pu"tri*lage (?), n. [F. putrilage, L. putrilago putrefaction.] That which is undergoing putrefaction; the products of putrefaction.

Putry

Pu"try (?), a. Putrid. [Obs.] Marston.

Putry

Pu"try, n. Putage. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Putter

Put"ter (?), n.

1. One who puts or plates.

2. Specifically, one who pushes the small wagons in a coal mine, and the like. [Prov. Eng.]

Putter

Put"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puttered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puttering.] [See Potter.] To act inefficiently or idly; to trifle; to potter.

Putter-on

Put"ter-on` (?), n. An instigator. Shak.

Puttier

Put"ti*er (?), n. One who putties; a glazier.

Putting

Put"ting (?), n. The throwing of a heavy stone, shot, etc., with the hand raised or extended from the shoulder; -- originally, a Scottish game. Putting stone, a heavy stone used in the game of putting.

Puttock

Put"tock (?), n. [Cf. Pout a young bird, Poult.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European kite. (b) The buzzard. (c) The marsh harrier. [Prov. Eng.]

Puttock

Put"tock, n. (Naut.) See Futtock. [Obs.]

Putty

Put"ty (?), n. [F. pot\'82e, fr. pot pot; what was formerly called putty being a substance resembling what is now called putty powder, and in part made of the metal of old pots. See Pot.] A kind of thick paste or cement compounded of whiting, or soft carbonate of lime, and linseed oil, when applied beaten or kneaded to the consistence of dough, -- used in fastening glass in sashes, stopping crevices, and for similar purposes. Putty powder, an oxide of tin, or of tin and lead in various proportions, much used in polishing glass, metal, precious stones, etc.

Putty

Put"ty, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Puttied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puttying.] To cement, or stop, with putty.

Putty-faced

Put"ty-faced` (?), a. White-faced; -- used contemptuously. Clarke.

Puttyroot

Put"ty*root` (?), n. (Bot.) An American orchidaceous plant (Aplectrum hyemale) which flowers in early summer. Its slender naked rootstock produces each year a solid corm, filled with exceedingly glutinous matter, which sends up later a single large oval evergreen plaited leaf. Called also Adam-and-Eve.

Put-up

Put"-up (?), a. Arranged; plotted; -- in a bad sense; as, a put-up job. [Colloq.]

Puy

Pu"y (?), n. See Poy.

Puzzel

Puz"zel (?), n. [Cf. F. pucelle a virgin.] A harlot; a drab; a hussy. [Obs.] Shak.

Puzzle

Puz"zle (?), n. [For opposal, in the sense of problem. See Oppose, Pose, v.]

1. Something which perplexes or embarrasses; especially, a toy or a problem contrived for testing ingenuity; also, something exhibiting marvelous skill in making.

2. The state of being puzzled; perplexity; as, to be in a puzzle.

Puzzle

Puz"zle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Puzzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Puzzling (?).]

1. To perplex; to confuse; to embarrass; to put to a stand; to nonplus.

A very shrewd disputant in those points is dexterous in puzzling others. Dr. H. More.
He is perpetually puzzled and perplexed amidst his own blunders. Addison.

2. To make intricate; to entangle.

They disentangle from the puzzled skein. Cowper.
The ways of Heaven are dark and intricate, Puzzled in mazes, and perplexed with error. Addison.

3. To solve by ingenuity, as a puzzle; -- followed by out; as, to puzzle out a mystery. Syn. -- To embarrass; perplex; confuse; bewilder; confound. See Embarrass.

Puzzle

Puz"zle, v. i.

1. To be bewildered, or perplexed.

A puzzling fool, that heeds nothing. L'Estrange.

2. To work, as at a puzzle; as, to puzzle over a problem.

Puzzledom

Puz"zle*dom (?), n. The domain of puzzles; puzzles, collectively. C. Kingsley.

Puzzle-headed

Puz"zle-head`ed (?), a. Having the head full of confused notions. Johnson.

Puzzlement

Puz"zle*ment (?), n. The state of being puzzled; perplexity. Miss Mitford.

Puzzier

Puz"zier (?), n. One who, or that which, puzzles or perplexes.
Hebrew, the general puzzler of old heads. Brome.

Puzzlingly

Puz"zling*ly (?), adv. In a puzzling manner.

Puzzolan, Puzzolana

Puz"zo*lan (?), Puz`zo*la"na (?), n. See Pozzuolana.

Py\'91mia

Py*\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A form of blood poisoning produced by the absorption into the blood of morbid matters usually originating in a wound or local inflammation. It is characterized by the development of multiple abscesses throughout the body, and is attended with irregularly recurring chills, fever, profuse sweating, and exhaustion.

Py\'91mic

Py*\'91"mic (?), a. Of or pertaining to py\'91mia; of the nature of py\'91mia.

Pycnaspidean

Pyc`nas*pid"e*an (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the posterior side of the tarsus covered with small irregular scales; -- said of certain birds.

Pycnidium

Pyc*nid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Pycnidia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) In certain fungi, a flask-shaped cavity from the surface of the inner walls of which spores are produced.

Pycnite

Pyc"nite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A massive subcolumnar variety of topaz.

Pycnodont

Pyc"no*dont (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) Any fossil fish belonging to the Pycnodontini. They have numerous round, flat teeth, adapted for crushing.

Pycnodontini

Pyc`no*don"ti*ni (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) An extinct order of ganoid fishes. They had a compressed body, covered with dermal ribs (pleurolepida) and with enameled rhomboidal scales.

Pycnogonid

Pyc*nog"o*nid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Pycnogonida.

Pycnogonida

Pyc`no*gon"i*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A class of marine arthropods in which the body is small and thin, and the eight legs usually very long; -- called also Pantopoda. &hand; The abdomen is rudimentary, and the triangular mouth is at the end of a tubular proboscis. Many of them live at great depths in the sea, and the largest of them measure two feet across the extended legs.

Pycnometer

Pyc*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physics) A specific gravity bottle; a standard flask for measuring and comparing the densities of liquids. [Also written pyknometer.]

Pycnostyle

Pyc"no*style (?), a. [Gr. pycnostyle.] (Anc. Arch.) See under Intercolumniation. -n. A pycnostyle colonnade.

Pye

Pye (?), n. See 2d Pie (b).

Pyebald

Pye"bald` (?), a. See Piebald.

Pyelitis

Py`e*li"tis (?). n. [Gr. basin + -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney.

Pyemia

Py*e"mi*a (?), n. (Med.) See Py\'92mia.

Pyet

Py"et (?), n. A magpie; a piet. [Prov. Eng.]
Here cometh the worthy prelate as pert as a pyet. Sir W. Scott.

Pygal

Py"gal (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Situated in the region of the rump, or posterior end of the backbone; -- applied especially to the posterior median plates in the carapace of chelonians.

Pygarg, Pygargus

Py"garg (?), Py*gar"gus (?),[L. pygargus, Gr. pygargue.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A quadruped, probably the addax, an antelope having a white rump. Deut. xiv. 5.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The female of the hen harrier. (b) The sea eagle.

Pygidium

Py*gid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Pygidia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The caudal plate of trilobites, crustacean, and certain insects. See Illust. of Limulus and Trilobite.

Pygmy, Pygmean

Pyg"my (?), Pyg*me"an (?), a. [L. pygmaeus. See Pygmy.] Of or pertaining to a pygmy; resembling a pygmy or dwarf; dwarfish; very small. " Like that Pygmean race." Milton. Pygmy antelope (Zo\'94l.), the kleeneboc. -- Pygmy goose (Zo\'94l.), any species of very small geese of the genus Nettapus, native of Africa, India, and Australia. -- Pygmy owl (Zo\'94l.), the gnome. Pygmy parrot (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of very small green parrots (Nasitern\'91), native of New Guinea and adjacent islands. They are not larger than sparrows. <-- Pygmy chimpanzee, a species of anthropoid ape (Pan paniscus) resembling the chimpanzee, but somewhat smaller; also called bonobo. It is considered (1996) as having the closest genetic relationship to humans of any other animal. It is found in forests in Zaire, and is an endangered species. -->

Pygmy

Pyg"my, n.; pl. Pygmies (#). [L. pygmaeus, Gr. Pugnacious, Fist.] [Written also pigmy.]

1. (Class. Myth.) One of a fabulous race of dwarfs who waged war with the cranes, and were destroyed.

2. Hence, a short, insignificant person; a dwarf. <--3. one of a race of short forest-dwelling African peoples. -->

Pygmies are pygmies still, though perched on Alps. And pyramids are pyramids in vales. Young.

Pygobranchia

Py`go*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. pugh` the rump + (Zo\'94l.) A division of opisthobranchiate mollusks having the branchi\'91 in a wreath or group around the anal opening, as in the genus Doris.

Pygopod

Py"go*pod (?), n. [Gr. -pod.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Pygopodes.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of serpentiform lizards of the family Pygopodid\'91, which have rudimentary hind legs near the anal cleft, but lack fore legs.

Pygropodes

Py*grop"o*des (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of swimming birds which includes the grebes, divers, auks, etc., in which the legs are placed far back.

Pygopodous

Py*gop"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Pygopodes.

Pygostyle

Py"go*style (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) The plate of bone which forms the posterior end of the vertebral column in most birds; the plowshare bone; the vomer. It is formed by the union of a number of the last caudal vertebr\'91, and supports the uropigium.

Pyin

Py"in (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. (Chem.) An albuminoid constituent of pus, related to mucin, possibly a mixture of substances rather than a single body.

Pyjama

Py*ja"ma (?), n. [Hind. p\'bee-j\'bema, literally, leg clothing.] In India and Persia, thin loose trowsers or drawers; in Europe and America, drawers worn at night, or a kind of nightdress with legs. [Written also paijama.]

Pykar

Pyk"ar (?), n. An ancient English fishing boat.

Pyla

Py"la n.; pl. L. Pyl\'91 (#), E. Pylas (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The passage between the iter and optoc\'d2le in the brain. B. G. Wilder.

Pylagore

Pyl"a*gore (?), n. [Gr. pylagore.] (Gr. Antiq.) a deputy of a State at the Amphictyonic council.

Pylangium

Py*lan"gi*um (?), n.; pl. Pylangia (. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The first and undivided part of the aortic trunk in the amphibian heart. -- Py*lan"gi*al (#), a.

Pylon

Py"lon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (a) A low tower, having a truncated pyramidal form, and flanking an ancient Egyptian gateway.
Massive pylons adorned with obelisks in front. J. W. Draper.
(b) An Egyptian gateway to a large building (with or without flanking towers).

Pyloric

Py*lor"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. pylorique.] (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pylorus; as, the pyloric end of the stomach.

Pylorus

Py*lo"rus (?), n.; pl. Pylori (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Anat.) (a) The opening from the stomach into the intestine. (b) A posterior division of the stomach in some invertebrates.

Pyne

Pyne (?), n. & v. See Pine. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Pynoun

Py*noun" (?), n. A pennant. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Pyocyanin

Py`o*cy"a*nin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. (Chem.) A blue coloring matter found in the pus from old sores, supposed to be formed through the agency of a species of bacterium (Bacillus pyocyaneus).<-- now, Pseudomonas aeruginosa C13H10N2O-->

Pyogenic

Py`o*gen"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Producing or generating pus.

Pyoid

Py"oid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to pus; of the nature of, or like, pus. Pyoid corpuscles (Med.), cells of a size larger than pus corpuscles, containing two or more of the latter.

Pyopneumothorax

Py`op*neu`mo*tho"rax (?), n. [Gr. pneumothorax.] (Med.) Accumulation of air, or other gas, and of pus, in the pleural cavity.

Pyot

Py"ot (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The magpie. See Piet.

Pyoxanthose

Py`o*xan"those (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. (Chem.) A greenish yellow crystalline coloring matter found with pyocyanin in pus.

Pyracanth

Pyr"a*canth (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) The evergreen thorn (Crat\'91gus Pyracantha), a shrub native of Europe.

Pyral

Py"ral (?), a. Of or pertaining to a pyre. [R.]

Pyralid

Pyr"a*lid (?), n. [L. pyralis, -idis, a kind of winged insect.] (Zo\'94l.) Any moth of the family Pyralid\'91. The species are numerous and mostly small, but some of them are very injurious, as the bee moth, meal moth, hop moth, and clover moth.

Pyramid

Pyr"a*mid (?), n. [L. pyramis, -idis, fr. Gr. pyramide.]

1. A solid body standing on a triangular, square, or polygonal base, and terminating in a point at the top; especially, a structure or edifice of this shape.

2. (Geom.) A solid figure contained by a plane rectilineal figure as base and several triangles which have a common vertex and whose bases are sides of the base.

3. pl. (Billiards) The game of pool in which the balls are placed in the form of a triangle at spot. [Eng.] <-- financial scheme --> Altitude of a pyramid (Geom.), the perpendicular distance from the vertex to the plane of the base. -- Axis of a pyramid (Geom.), a straight line drawn from the vertex to the center of the base. -- Earth pyramid. (Geol.) See Earth pillars, under Earth. -- Right pyramid (Geom.) a pyramid whose axis is perpendicular to the base.

Pyramidal

Py*ram`i*dal (?), a. [Cf. F. pyramidal.]

1. Of or pertaining to a pyramid; in the form of a a pyramid; pyramidical; as, pyramidal cleavage.

The mystic obelisks stand up Triangular, pyramidal. Mrs. Browning.

Page 1169

2. (Crystallog.) Same as Tetragonal. Pyramidal numbers (Math.), certain series of figurate numbers expressing the number of balls or points that may be arranged in the form of pyramids. Thus 1, 4, 10, 20, 35, etc., are trangular pyramidal numbers; and 1, 5, 14, 30, 55, etc., are square pyramidal numbers.

Pyramidal

Py*ram"i*dal (?), n. (Anat.) One of the carpal bones. See Cuneiform, n., 2 (b).

Pyramidally

Py*ram"i*dal*ly, adv. Like a pyramid.

Pyramidic, Pyramidical

Pyr`a*mid"ic (?), Pyr`a*mid"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a pyramid; having the form of a pyramid; pyramidal. " A pyramidical rock." Goldsmith. "Gold in pyramidic plenty piled." Shenstone. -- Pyr`a*mid"ic*al*ly, adv. Pyr`a*mild"ic*al*ness, n.

Pyramidion

Pyr`a*mid"i*on (?), n.; pl. Pyramidia (#). [NL., from L. pyramis. See Pyramid.] The small pyramid which crowns or completes an obelisk.

Pyramidoid

Py*ram"i*doid (?), n. [Gr. -id: cf. F. pyramido\'8bde.] A solid resembling a pyramid; -- called also pyramoid. Barlow.

Pyramis

Pyr"a*mis (?), n.; pl. Pyramides (#). [L.] A pyramid.

Pyramoid

Pyr"a*moid (?), n. See Pyramidoid.

Pyrargyrite

Py*rar"gy*rite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) Ruby silver; dark red silver ore. It is a sulphide of antimony and silver, occurring in rhombohedral crystals or massive, and is of a dark red or black color with a metallic adamantine luster.

Pyre

Pyre (?), n. [L. pure, Gr. Fire.] A funeral pile; a combustible heap on which the dead are burned; hence, any pile to be burnt.
For nine long nights, through all the dusky air, The pyres thick flaming shot a dismal glare. Pope.

Pyrena

Py*re"na (?), n.; pl. Pyren\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A nutlet resembling a seed, or the kernel of a drupe. Gray.

Pyrene

Py"rene (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) One of the less volatile hydrocarbons of coal tar, obtained as a white crystalline substance, C16H10.

Pyrene

Py"rene, n. (Bot.) Same as Pyrena.

Pyrenean

Pyr`e*ne"an (?), a. [L. Pyrenaei (sc. montes) the Pyrenees, fr. Pyrene, Gr. Of or pertaining to the Pyrenees, a range of mountains separating France and Spain. -- n. The Pyrenees. Shak.

Pyrenoid

Py*re"noid (?), n. [Gr. Pyrena, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A transparent body found in the chromatophores of certain Infusoria.

Pyrethrin

Pyr"eth*rin (?), n. [NL. Pyrethrum, generic name of feverfew, Gr. (Chem.) A substance resembling, and isomeric with, ordinary camphor, and extracted from the essential oil of feverfew; -- called also Pyrethrum camphor.<-- a complex of several substances. Used as insecticides. -->

Pyrethrine

Pyr"eth*rine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid extracted from the root of the pellitory of Spain (Anacyclus pyrethrum).

Pyretic

Py*ret"ic (?), a. [Gr. pyr\'82tique.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to fever; febrile.

Pyretology

Pyr`e*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. pyr\'82tologie.] (Med.) A discourse or treatise on fevers; the doctrine of fevers. Hooper.

Pyrexia

Py*rex"i*a (?), n.; pl. Pyrexi\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) The febrile condition.

Pyrexial, Pyrexical

Py*rex"i*al (?), Py*rex"ic*al (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to fever; feverish.

Pyrgom

Pyr"gom (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A variety of pyroxene; -- called also fassaite.

Pyrheliometer

Pyr*he`li*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the direct heating effect of the sun's rays.

Pyridic

Py*rid"ic (?), a. (Physiol. Chem.) Related to, or formed from, pyridin or its homologues; as, the pyridic bases.

Pyridine

Pyr"i*dine (?), n. [From Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous base, C5H5N, obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor. It is the nucleus of a large number of organic substances, among which several vegetable alkaloids, as nicotine and certain of the ptoma\'8bnes, may be mentioned. See Lutidine.

Pyridyl

Pyr"i*dyl (?), n. [Pyridine + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical, C5H4N, regarded as the essential residue of pyridine, and analogous to phenyl.

Pyriform

Pyr"i*form (?), a. [L. pyrum, pirum, a pear + -form: cf. F. pyriforme, piriforme.] Having the form of a pear; pear-shaped.

Pyritaceous

Pyr`i*ta"ceous (?), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to pyrites. See Pyritic.

Pyrite

Pyr"ite (?), n.; pl. Pyrites (#). [Cf. F. pyrite. See Pyrites.] (Min.) A common mineral of a pale brass-yellow color and brilliant metallic luster, crystallizing in the isometric system; iron pyrites; iron disulphide.
Hence sable coal his massy couch extends, And stars of gold the sparkling pyrite blends. E. Darwin.

Pyrites

Py*ri"tes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Pyre.] (Min.) A name given to a number of metallic minerals, sulphides of iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, and tin, of a white or yellowish color. &hand; The term was originally applied to the mineral pyrite, or iron pyrites, in allusion to its giving sparks when struck with steel. Arsenical pyrites, arsenopyrite. -- Auriferous pyrites. See under Auriferous. -- Capillary pyrites, millerite. -- Common pyrites, isometric iron disulphide; pyrite. -- Hair pyrites, millerite. -- Iron pyrites. See Pyrite. -- Magnetic pyrites, pyrrhotite. -- Tin pyrites, stannite. -- White iron pyrites, orthorhombic iron disulphide; marcasite. This includes cockscomb pyrites (a variety of marcasite, named in allusion to its form), spear pyrites, etc. -- Yellow, ∨ Copper, pyrites, the sulphide of copper and iron; chalcopyrite.

Pyritic, Pyritical

Py*rit"ic (?), Py*rit"ic*al (?), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to pyrites; consisting of, or resembling, pyrites.

Pyritiferous

Pyr`i*tif"er*ous (?), a. [Pyrites + -ferous.] (Min.) Containing or producing pyrites.

Pyritize

Pyr"i*tize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. pyritiser.] To convert into pyrites.

Pyritohedral

Pyr`i*to*he"dral (?), a. [See Pyritohedron.] (Crystallog.) Like pyrites in hemihedral form.

Pyritohedron

Pyr`i*to*he"dron (?), n. [Pyrite + Gr. (Crystallog.) The pentagonal dodecahedron, a common form of pyrite.

Pyritoid

Pyr"i*toid (?), n. [Pyrite + -oid.] (Crystallog.) Pyritohedron. [R.]

Pyritology

Pyr`i*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science of blowpipe analysis.

Pyritous

Pyr"i*tous (?), a. Pyritic.

Pyro-, Pyr-

Pyro-, Pyr-. [Gr. Combining forms designating fire or heat; specifically (Chem.), used to imply an actual or theoretical derivative by the action of heat; as in pyrophosphoric, pyrosulphuric, pyrotartaric, pyrotungstic, etc.

Pyro

Py"ro (?), n. (Photog.) Abbreviation of pyrogallic acid. [Colloq.]

Pyroacetic

Pyr`o*a*ce"tic (?), a. [Pyro- + acetic: cf. F. pyroac\'82tique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, and designating, a substance (acetone) obtained by the distillation of the acetates. It is now called also pyroacetic ether, and formerly was called pyroacetic spirit.

Pyroacid

Pyr`o*ac"id (?), n. [Pyro- + acid.] (Chem.) An acid obtained by sybjecting another acid to the action of heat. Cf. Pyro-.

Pyroantimonate

Pyr`o*an`ti*mo"nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyroantimonic acid.

Pyroantimonic

Pyr`o*an`ti*mon"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + antimonic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of antimony analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.

Pyroarsenate

Pyr`o*ar"se*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyroarsenic acid.

Pyroarsenic

Pyr`o*ar*sen"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + arsenic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to or designating, an acid of arsenic analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.

Pyroborate

Pyr`o*bo"rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyroboric acid.

Pyroboric

Pyr`o*bo"ric (?), a. [Pyro- + boric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to derived from, or designating, an acid, H2B4O7 (called also tetraboric acid), which is the acid ingredient of ordinary borax, and is obtained by heating boric acid.

Pyrocatechin

Pyr`o*cat"e*chin (?), n. [Pyro- + catechu.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance, C6H4(OH)2, of the phenol series, found in various plants; -- so called because first obtained by distillation of gum catechu. Called also catechol, oxyphenol. etc.

Pyrochlore

Pyr"o*chlore (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. (Min.) A niobate of calcium, cerium, and other bases, occurring usually in octahedrons of a yellowish or brownish color and resinous luster; -- so called from its becoming grass-green on being subjected to heat under the blowpipe.

Pyrocitric

Pyr`o*cit"ric (?), a. [Pyro- + citric: cf. F. pyrocitrique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, any one of three acids obtained by the distillation of citric acid, and called respectively citraconic, itaconic, and mesaconic acid.

Purocoll

Pur"o*coll (?), n. [Puro- + Gr. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline substance allied to pyrrol, obtained by the distillation of gelatin.

Pyroelectric

Pyr`o*e*lec"tric (?), a. [Pyro- + electric.] (Physics) Pertaining to, or dependent on, pyroelectricity; receiving electric polarity when heated.

Pyroelectric

Pyr`o*e*lec"tric, n. (Physics) A substance which becomes electrically polar when heated, exhibiting opposite charges of statical electricity at two separate parts, especially the two extremities.

Pyroelectricity

Pyr`o*e`lec*tric"i*ty (?), n. (Physics) Electricity developed by means of heat; the science which treats of electricity thus developed.

Pyrogallate

Pyr`o*gal"late (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyrogallic acid; an ether of pyrogallol.

Pyrogallic

Pyr`o*gal"lic (?), a. [Pyro- + gallic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid called pyrogallol. See Pyrogallol.

Pyrogallol

Pyr`o*gal"lol (?), n. [Pyrogallic + -ol.] (Chem.) A phenol metameric with phloroglucin, obtained by the distillation of gallic acid as a poisonous white crystalline substance having acid properties, and hence called also pyrogallic acid. It is a strong reducer, and is used as a developer in photography and in the production of certain dyes.

Pyrogen

Pyr"o*gen (?), n. [See Pyrogenous.]

1. Electricity. [R.]

2. (Physiol. Chem.) A poison separable from decomposed meat infusions, and supposed to be formed from albuminous matter through the agency of bacteria.

Pyrogenic

Pyr`o*gen"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + -gen + -ic.] (Physiol.) Producing heat; -- said of substances, as septic poisons, which elevate the temperature of the body and cause fever.

Pyrogenous

Py*rog"e*nous (?), a. [Gr. genous: cf. F. purog\'8ane, Gr. Produced by fire; igneous. Mantell. .

Pyrognostic

Pyr`og*nos"tic (?), a. [Pyro- + Gr. (Min.) Of or pertaining to characters developed by the use of heat; pertaining to the characters of minerals when examined before the blowpipe; as, the pyrognostic characters of galena.

Pyrognostics

Pyr`og*nos"tics (?), n. pl. (Min.) The characters of a mineral observed by the use of the blowpipe, as the degree of fusibility, flame coloration, etc.

Pyrography

Py*rog"ra*phy (?), n. [Pyro- + -graphy.] A process of printing, ornamenting, or carving, by burning with heated instruments.

Pyrolator

Py*rol"a*tor (?), n. [See Pyrolatry.] A fire worshiper. [R.] Southey.

Pyrolatry

Py*rol"a*try (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. pyrol\'83trie.] The worship of fire. Young.

Pyroligneous, Pyrolignic

Pyr`o*lig"ne*ous (?), Pyr`o*lig"nic (?), a. [Pyro-+ L. lignum wood: cf. F. pyroligneux.] (Old Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, the acid liquid obtained in the distillation of wood, consisting essentially of impure acetic acid.

Pyrolignous

Pyr`o*lig"nous (?), a. Same as Pyroligneous.

Pyrolithic

Pyr`o*lith"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + lithic.] (Old Chem.) Same as Pyrouric, or Cyanuric.

Pyrologist

Py*rol"o*gist (?), n. One who is versed in, or makes a study of, pyrology.

Pyrology

Py*rol"o*gy (?), n. [Pyro- + -logy: cf. F. pyrologie.] That branch of physical science which treats of the properties, phenomena, or effects of heat; also, a treatise on heat.

Pyrolusite

Pyr`o*lu"site (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. (Min.) Manganese dioxide, a mineral of an iron-black or dark steel-gray color and metallic luster, usually soft. Pyrolusite parts with its oxygen at a red heat, and is extensively used in discharging the brown and green tints of glass (whence its name).

Pyromagnetic

Pyr`o*mag*net"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + magnetic.] (Physics) Acting by the agency of heat and magnetism; as, a pyromagnetic machine for producing electric currents.

Pyromalate

Pyr`o*ma"late (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyromalic acid. [Obs.]

Pyromalic

Pyr`o*ma"lic (?), a. [Pyro- + malic.] (Old Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid now called maleic acid.

Pyromancy

Pyr"o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. pyromancie.] Divination by means of fire.

Pyromania

Pyr"o*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Pyro- + mania.] An insane disposition to incendiarism.

Pyromantic

Pyr"o*man"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to pyromancy.

Pyromantic

Pyr`o*man"tic, n. [Cf. Gr. One who pretends to divine by fire. Sir T. Herbert.

Pyrometer

Py*rom"e*ter (?), n. [Pyro- + -meter: cf. F. pyrom\'8atre.]

1. (Physics) An instrument used for measuring the expansion of solid bodies by heat.

2. (Physics) An instrument for measuring degrees of heat above those indicated by the mercurial thermometer. &hand; It is usually constructed so as to register the change which the heat to be measured produces in the length of some expansible substance, as a metallic rod, or in the intensity of a thermo-electric current.

Pyrometric, Pyrometrical

Pyr`o*met"ric (?), Pyr`o*met"ric*al a. [Cf. F. pyrom\'82trique.] (Physics) Pertaining to, or obtained by, the pyrometer; as, pyrometrical instruments; pyrometrical measurements.

Pyrometry

Py*rom"e*try (?), n. The art of measuring degrees of heat, or the expansion of bodies by heat.

Pyromorphite

Pyr`o*mor"phite (?), n. [G. pyromorphit, from Gr. (Min.) Native lead phosphate with lead chloride, occurring in bright green and brown hexagonal crystals and also massive; -- so called because a fused globule crystallizes in cooling.

Pyromorphous

Pyr`o*mor"phous (?), a. [Pyro- + -morphous.] (Min.) Having the property of crystallizing by the agency of fire.

Pyromucate

Pyr`o*mu"cate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyromucic acid.

Pyromucic

Pyr`o*mu"cic (?), a. [Pyro- + mucic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid obtained as a white crystalline substance by the distillation of mucic acid, or by the oxidation of furfurol.

Pyronomics

Pyr`o*nom"ics (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. The science of heat.

Pyrope

Pyr"ope (?), n. [L. pyropus a kind of red bronze, fr. Gr. pyrope.] (Min.) A variety of garnet, of a poppy or blood-red color, frequently with a tinge of orange. It is used as a gem. See the Note under Garnet.

Pyrophane

Pyr"o*phane (?), n. [See Pyrophanous.] (Min.) A mineral which is opaque in its natural state, but is said to change its color and become transparent by heat.

Pyrophanous

Py*roph"a*nous (?), a. [Pyro- + Gr. Rendered transparent by heat.

Pyrophone

Pyr"o*phone (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. A musical instrument in which the tones are produced by flames of hydrogen, or illuminating gas, burning in tubes of different sizes and lengths.

Pyrophoric, Pyrophorous

Pyr`o*phor"ic (?), Py*roph"o*rous (?), a. [Pyro- + Gr. Light-producing; of or pertaining to pyrophorus. Pyrophoric iron (Chem.), finely reduced iron, which ignites spontaneously on contact with air.

Pyrophorus

Py*roph"o*rus (?), n. [NL. See Pyrophorous.] (Old Chem.) Any one of several substances or mixtures which phosphoresce or ignite spontaneously on exposure to air, as a heated mixture of alum, potash, and charcoal, or a mixture of charcoal and finely divided lead.

Pyrophosphate

Pyr"o*phos"phate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyrophosphoric acid.

Pyrophosphoric

Pyr`o*phos*phor"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + phosphoric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, H4P2O7, which is obtained as a white crystalline substance. Its salts are obtained by heating the phosphates.

Pyrophyllite

Py*roph"yl*lite (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. (Min.) A mineral, usually of a white or greenish color and pearly luster, consisting chiefly of the hydrous silicate of alumina.

Pyroscope

Pyr"o*scope (?), n. [Pyro- + -scope: cf. F. pyroscope.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the intensity of heat radiating from a fire, or the cooling influence of bodies. It is a differential thermometer, having one bulb coated with gold or silver leaf. [R.]
Page 1170

Pyrosis

Py*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr Gr. (Med.) See Water brash, under Brash.

Pyrosmalite

Py*ros"ma*lite (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. -like. ] (Min.) A mineral, usually of a pale brown or of a gray or grayish green color, consisting chiefly of the hydrous silicate of iron and manganese; -- so called from the odor given off before the blowpipe.

Pyrosome

Pyr"o*some (?), n. [Pyro- + -some body.] (Zo\'94l.) Any compound ascidian of the genus Pyrosoma. The pyrosomes form large hollow cylinders, sometimes two or three feet long, which swim at the surface of the sea and are very phosphorescent.

Pyrosulphate

Pyr`o*sul"phate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyrosulphuric acid.

Pyrosulphuric

Pyr`o*sul*phu"ric (?), a. [Pyro- + -sulphuric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid called also disulphuric acid) obtained by distillation of certain sulphates, as a colorless, thick, oily liquid, H2S2O7 resembling sulphuric acid. It is used in the solution of indigo, in the manufacture of alizarin, and in dehydration.

Pygotartaric

Pyg`o*tar*tar"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + tartaric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained as a white crystalline substance by the distillation of tartaric acid.

Pyrotartrate

Pyr`o*tar"trate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of pyrotartaric acid.

Pyrotechnian

Pyr`o*tech"ni*an (?), n. A pyrotechnist.

Pyrotechnic, Pyrotechnical

Pyr`o*tech"nic (?), Pyr`o*tech"nic*al (?), a. [Pyro- + technic, technical: cf. F. pyrotechnique. See Fire, Technical.] Of or pertaining to fireworks, or the art of forming them. Pyrotechnical sponge. See under Sponge.

Pyrotechnician

Pyr`o*tech*ni"cian (?), n. A pyrotechnist.

Pyrotechnics

Pyr`o*tech"nics (?), n. The art of making fireworks; the manufacture and use of fireworks; pyrotechny.

Pyrotechnist

Pyr`o*tech"nist (?), n. One skilled in pyrotechny; one who manufactures fireworks. Steevens.

Pyrotechny

Pyr`o*tech`ny (?), n. [Cf. F. pyrotechnie.]

1. The use and application of fire in science and the arts. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

2. Same as Pyrotechnics.

Pyrothonide

Py*roth"o*nide (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. (Med.) A kind of empyreumatic oil produced by the combustion of textures of hemp, linen, or cotton in a copper vessel, -- formerly used as a remedial agent. Dunglison.

Pyrotic

Py*rot"ic (?), a. [Gr. pyrotique.] Caustic. See Caustic. -- n. (Med.) A caustic medicine.

Pyrotritartaric

Pyr`o*tri`tar*tar"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + tri- + tartaric.] (Chem.) Designating an acid which is more commonly called uric acid.

Pyrotungstic

Pyr`o*tung"stic (?), a. (Chem.) Polytungstic. See Metatungstic.

Pyro\'81ric

Pyr`o*\'81"ric (?), a. [Pyro- + uric.] (Old Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid now called cyanuric acid. See Cyanuric.

Pyrovanadic

Pyr`o*va*nad"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + vanadic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of vanadium, analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.

Pyroxanthin

Pyr`o*xan"thin (?), n. [Pyro- + Gr. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline hydrocardon extracted from crude wood spirit; -- called also eblanin.

Pyroxene

Pyr"ox*ene (?), n. [F. pyrox\'8ane, from Gr. (Min.) A common mineral occurring in monoclinic crystals, with a prismatic angle of nearly 90°, and also in massive forms which are often laminated. It varies in color from white to dark green and black, and includes many varieties differing in color and composition, as diopside, malacolite, salite, coccolite, augite, etc. They are all silicates of lime and magnesia with sometimes alumina and iron. Pyroxene is an essential constituent of many rocks, especially basic igneous rocks, as basalt, gabbro, etc. &hand; The pyroxene group contains pyroxene proper, also the related orthorhombic species, enstatite, bronzite, hypersthene, and various monoclinic and triclinic species, as rhodonite, etc.

Pyroxenic

Pyr`ox*en"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. pyrox\'82nique.] Containing pyroxene; composed chiefly of pyroxene.

Pyroxenite

Py*rox"e*nite (?), n. (Min.) A rock consisting essentially of pyroxene.

Pyroxyle

Py*rox"yle (?), n. [Cf. F. pyroxyle. See Pyroxylic, -yl.]

Pyroxylic

Pyr`ox*yl"ic (?), a. [Pyro- + Gr. (Old Chem.) Derived from wood by distillation; -- formerly used in designating crude wood spirit.

Pyroxylin

Py*rox"y*lin (?), n. (Chem.) A substance resembling gun cotton in composition and properties, but distinct in that it is more highly nitrified and is soluble in alcohol, ether, etc.; -- called also pyroxyle.

Pyrrhic

Pyr"rhic (?), a. [L. pyrrhichius, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to an ancient Greek martial dance. " ye have the pyrrhic dance as yet." Byron.

2. (Pros.) Of or pertaining to a pyrrhic, or to pyrrhics; containing pyrrhic; as, a pyrrhic verse. <-- Pyrrhic victory [From Pyrrhus, king of Epirus], a victory in which the winning side sustains very heavy losses. (b) any act supposedly benefitting the actor, for which the costs outweight the benefits. -->

Pyrrhic

Pyr"rhic, n.

1. [Gr. pyrrhique, fem.] An ancient Greek martial dance, to the accompaniment of the flute, its time being very quick.

2. [L. pyrrhichius (sc. pes), Gr. pyrrhique, masc.] (Pros.) A foot consisting of two short syllables.

Pyrrhicist

Pyr"rhi*cist (?), n. (Gr. Antiq.) One two danced the pyrrhic.

Pyrrhonean, Pyrrhonic

Pyr*rho"ne*an (?), Pyr*rhon"ic (?), a. [L. Pyrrhon\'88us: cf. F. pyrrhonien.] Of or pertaining to pyrrhonism.

Pyrrhonism

Pyr"rho*nism (?), n. [From Pyrrho, the founder of a school of skeptics in Greece (about 300 b. c.): cf. F. pyrrhonisme.] Skepticism; universal doubt.

Pyrrhonist

Pyr"rho*nist (?), n. A follower of Pyrrho; a skeptic.

Pyrrhotine, Pyrrhotite

Pyr"rho*tine (?), Pyr"rho*tite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A bronze-colored mineral, of metallic luster. It is a sulphide of iron, and is remarkable for being attracted by the magnet. Called also magnetic pyrites.

Pyrrol

Pyr"rol (?), n. [Gr. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base found in coal tar, bone oil, and other distillates of organic substances, and also produced synthetically as a colorless liquid, C4H5N, having on odor like that of chloroform. It is the nucleus and origin of a large number of derivatives. So called because it colors a splinter of wood moistened with hydrochloric acid a deep red.

Pyrroline

Pyr"ro*line (?), n. (Chem.) A nitrogenous base, C4H7N, obtained as a colorless liquid by the reduction of pyrrol.

Pyrula

Pyr"u*la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. pyrus a pear.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large marine gastropods. having a pear-shaped shell. It includes the fig-shells. See Illust. in Appendix.

Pyruric

Py*ru"ric (?), a. Same as Pyro\'81ric.

Pyrus

Py"rus (?), n. [L. pyrus, or better pirus, pear tree.] (Bot.) A genus of rosaceous trees and shrubs having pomes for fruit. It includes the apple, crab apple, pear, chokeberry, sorb, and mountain ash.

Pyruvic

Py*ru"vic (?), a. [Pyro- + L. uva a grape.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (called also pyroracemic acid) obtained, as a liquid having a pungent odor, by the distillation of racemic acid.

Pyruvil

Py*ru"vil (?), n. (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous compound obtained by heating together pyruvic acid and urea.

Pythagorean

Pyth`a*go"re*an (?), a. [L. Pythagoreus, Gr. Of or pertaining to Pythagoras (a Greek philosopher, born about 582 b. c.), or his philosophy.
The central thought of the Pythagorean philosophy is the idea of number, the recognition of the numerical and mathematical relations of things. Encyc. Brit.
Pythagorean proposition (Geom.), the theorem that the square described upon the hypothenuse of a plane right-angled triangle is equal to the sum of the squares described upon the other two sides.<-- = Pythagorean theorem. --> -- Pythagorean system (Astron.), the commonly received system of astronomy, first taught by Pythagoras, and afterward revived by Copernicus, whence it is also called the Copernican system. -- Pythagorean letter. See Y.

Pythagorean

Pyth`a*go"re*an (?), n. A follower of Pythagoras; one of the school of philosophers founded by Pythagoras.

Pythagoreanism

Pyth`a*go"re*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines of Pythagoras or the Pythagoreans.
As a philosophic school Pythagoreanism became extinct in Greece about the middle of the 4th century [B. C.]. Encyc. Brit.

Pythagoric, Pythagorical

Pyth`a*gor"ic (?), Pyth`a*gor"ic*al (?), a.[L. Pythagoricus, Gr. pythagorique.] See Pythagorean, a.

Pythagorism

Py*thag"o*rism (?), n. [Gr. The doctrines taught by Pythagoras. &hand; Pythagoras made numbers the basis of his philosophical system, as well physical as metaphysical. The doctrine of the transmigration of souls (metempsychosis) is associated closely with name of Pythagoras.

Pythagorize

Py*thag"o*rize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pythagorized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pythagorizing (?).] [Gr. To speculate after the manner of Pythagoras.

Pythiad

Pyth"i*ad (?), n. [See Pythian.] (Gr. Antiq.) The period intervening between one celebration of the Pythian games and the next.

Pythian

Pyth"i*an (?), a. [L. Pythius, Gr. pythien.] Of or pertaining to Delphi, to the temple of Apollo, or to the priestess of Apollo, who delivered oracles at Delphi. Pythian games (Gr. Antiq.), one of the four great national festivals of ancient Greece, celebrated near Delphi, in honor of Apollo, the conqueror of the dragon Python, at first once in eight years, afterward once in four.

Pythocenic

Pyth`o*cen"ic (?), a. [Gr. Producing decomposition, as diseases which are supposed to be accompanied or caused by decomposition.

Python

Py"thon (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Python the serpent slain near Delphi by Apollo, Gr.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of very large snakes of the genus Python, and allied genera, of the family Pythonid\'91. They are nearly allied to the boas. Called also rock snake. &hand; The pythons have small pelvic bones, or anal spurs, two rows of subcaudal scales, and pitted labials. They are found in Africa, Asia, and the East Indies.

2. A diviner by spirits. "[Manasses] observed omens, and appointed pythons." 4 Kings xxi. 6 (Douay version).

Pythoness

Pyth"o*ness (?), n. [L. pythonissa: cf. F. pythonisse. See Pythian.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.) The priestess who gave oracular answers at Delphi in Greece.

2. Any woman supposed to have a spirit of divination; a sort of witch. Bp. Hall.

Pythonic

Py*thon"ic (?), a. [L. pythonicus, Gr. Pythian.] Prophetic; oracular; pretending to foretell events.

Pythonism

Pyth"o*nism (?), n. The art of predicting events after the manner of the priestess of Apollo at Delphi; equivocal prophesying.

Pythonist

Pyth"o*nist (?), n. A conjurer; a diviner.

Pythonomorpha

Pyth`o*no*mor"pha (?), n. pl. [NL. See Python, and -morphous.] (Paleon.) Same as Mosasauria.

Pyuria

Py*u"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A morbid condition in which pus is discharged in the urine.

Pyx

Pyx (?), )n.
[L. pyxis a box, Gr. Box a receptacle.] [Written also pix.]

1. ( R. C. Ch.) The box, case, vase, or tabernacle, in which the host is reserved.

2. A box used in the British mint as a place of deposit for certain sample coins taken for a trial of the weight and fineness of metal before it is sent from the mint. Mushet.

3. (Naut.) The box in which the compass is suspended; the binnacle. Weale.

4. (Anat.) Same as Pyxis. Pyx cloth (R. C. Ch.d>, a veil of silk or lace covering the pyx. Trial of the pyx, the annual testing, in the English mint, of the standard of gold and silver coins. Encyc. Brit.

Pyx

Pyx, v. t. To test as to weight and fineness, as the coins deposited in the pyx. [Eng.] Mushet.

Pyxidate

Pyx"i*date (?), a. Having a pyxidium.

Pyxidium

Pyx*id"i*um (?), n.; pl. Pyxidia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. Pyx.] (Bot.) (a) A pod which divides circularly into an upper and lower half, of which the former acts as a kind of lid, as in the pimpernel and purslane. (b) The theca of mosses.

Pyxle

Pyx"le (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Pixy.

Pyxis

Pyx*is (?), n. [L.]

1. A box; a pyx.

2. (Bot.) A pyxidium.

3. (Anat.) The acetabulum. See Acetabulum, 2.


Page 1171

Q.

Q

Q (?), the seventeenth letter of the English alphabet, has but one sound (that of k), and is always followed by u, the two letters together being sounded like kw, except in some words in which the u is silent. See Guide to Pronunciation, § 249. Q is not found in Anglo-Saxon, cw being used instead of qu; as in cwic, quick; cwen, queen. The name (k&umac;) is from the French ku, which is from the Latin name of the same letter; its form is from the Latin, which derived it, through a Greek alphabet, from the Ph&oe;nician, the ultimate origin being Egyptian. Etymologically, q or qu is most nearly related to a (ch, tch), p, q, and wh; as in cud, quid, L. equus, ecus, horse, Gr. equ
ine, hippic; L. quod which, E. what; L. aquila, E. eaqle; E. kitchen, OE. kichene, AS. cycene, L. coquina.

Qua

Qua (?), conj. [L., abl. of qui who.] In so far as; in the capacity or character of; as.
It is with Shelley's biographers qua biographers that we have to deal. London Spectator.

Quab

Quab (?), n. [Cf. D. kwab eelpout, Dan. quabbe, G. quabbe, quappe, LG. quabbe a fat lump of flesh, and L. capito a kind of fish with a large head, fr. caput the head, also E. squab.] An unfledged bird; hence, something immature or unfinished. Ford.

Quab

Quab, v. i. See Quob, v. i.

Qua-bird

Qua"-bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The American night heron. See under Night.

Quacha

Qua"cha (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The quagga.

Quack

Quack (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Qvacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quacking.] [Of imitative origin; cf. D. kwaken, G. quacken, quaken, Icel. kvaka to twitter.]

1. To utter a sound like the cry of a duck.

2. To make vain and loud pretensions; to boast. " To quack of universal cures." Hudibras.

3. To act the part of a quack, or pretender.

Quack

Quack, n.

1. The cry of the duck, or a sound in imitation of it; a hoarse, quacking noise. Chaucer.

2. [Cf. Quacksalver.] A boastful pretender to medical skill; an empiric; an ignorant practitioner.

3. Hence, one who boastfully pretends to skill or knowledge of any kind not possessed; a charlatan.

Quacks political; quacks scientific, academical. Carlyle.

Quack

Quack, a. Pertaining to or characterized by, boasting and pretension; used by quacks; pretending to cure diseases; as, a quack medicine; a quack doctor.

Quackery

Quack"er*y (?), n.; pl. Quackeries (. The acts, arts, or boastful pretensions of a quack; false pretensions to any art; empiricism. Carlyle.

Quack grass

Quack" grass` (?). (Bot.) See Quitch grass.

Quackish

Quack"ish, a. Like a quack; boasting; characterized by quackery. Burke.

Quackism

Quack"ism (?), n. Quackery. Carlyle.

Quackle

Quac"kle (?), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Quackled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quackling (?).] [Cf.Querken.] To suffocate; to choke. [Prov. Eng.]

Quacksalver

Quack"sal*ver (?), n. [D. kwakzalver; cf. kwakzalven to quack or boast of one's salves. See Quack, Salve, n.] One who boasts of his skill in medicines and salves, or of the efficacy of his prescriptions; a charlatan; a quack; a mountebank. [Obs.] Burton.

Quad, Quade

Quad (?), Quade (?), a. [Akin to AS. cw&aemac;d, cwead, dung, evil, G. kot, dung, OHG. qu\'bet.] Evil; bad; baffling; as, a quade wind. [Obs.]
Sooth play, quad play, as the Fleming saith. Chaucer.

Quad

Quad, n. (Print.) A quadrat.

Quad

Quad, n. (Arch.) A quadrangle; hence, a prison. [Cant or Slang]

Quadra

Quad"ra (?), n.; pl. Quadr\'91 (#). [L., a square, the socle, a platband, a fillet.] (Arch.) (a) The plinth, or lowest member, of any pedestal, podium, water table, or the like. (b) A fillet, or listel.

Quadrable

Quad"ra*ble (?), a.[See Quadrate.] (Math.) That may be sqyared, or reduced to an equivalent square; -- said of a surface when the area limited by a curve can be exactly found, and expressed in a finite number of algebraic terms.

Quadragenarious

Quad`ra*ge*na"ri*ous (?), a. [L. quadragenarius, fr. qyadrageni forty each.] Consisting of forty; forty years old.

Quadragene

Quad"ra*gene (?), n. [LL. quadragena, fr. L. quadrageni forty each, akin to quadraginta forty.] (R. C. Ch.) An indulgence of forty days, corresponding to the forty days of ancient canonical penance.

Quadragesima

Quad`ra*ges"i*ma (?), n. [L., fr. quadragesimus the fortieth, fr. quadraginta forty; akin to quattuor four. See Four.] (Eccl.) The forty days of fast preceding Easter; Lent. Quadragesima Sunday, the first Sunday in Lent, about forty days before Easter.

Quadragesimal

Quad`ra*ges"i*mal (?), a. [Cf. F. quadrag\'82simal.] Belonging to Lent; used in Lent; Lenten.

Quadragesimals

Quad`ra*ges"i*mals (?), n. pl. Offerings formerly made to the mother church of a diocese on Mid-Lent Sunday.

Quadrangle

Quad"ran`gle (?), n. [F., fr. L. quadrangulum; quattuor four + angulus an angle. See Four, and Angle a corner.]

1. (Geom.) A plane figure having four angles, and consequently four sides; any figure having four angles.

2. A square or quadrangular space or inclosure, such a space or court surrounded by buildings, esp. such a court in a college or public school in England.

Quadrangular

Quad*ran"gu*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. quadrangulaire.] Having four angles, and consequently four sides; tetragonal. -- Quad*ran"gu*lar*ly, adv.

Quadrans

Quad"rans (?), n.; pl. Quadrantes (#). [L.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) A fourth part of the coin called an as. See 3d As, 2.

2. The fourth of a penny; a farthing. See Cur.

Quadrant

Quad"rant (?), n. [L. quadrans, -antis, a fourth part, a fourth of a whole, fr. quattuor four: cf. F. quadrant, cadran. See Four, and cf. Cadrans.]

1. The fourth part; the quarter. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. (Geom.) The quarter of a circle, or of the circumference of a circle, an arc of 90°, or one subtending a right angle at the center.

3. (Anal. (Geom.) One of the four parts into which a plane is divided by the co\'94rdinate axes. The upper right-hand part is the first quadrant; the upper left-hand part the second; the lower left-hand part the third; and the lower right-hand part the fourth quadrant.

4. An instrument for measuring altitudes, variously constructed and mounted for different specific uses in astronomy, surveying, gunnery, etc., consisting commonly of a graduated arc of 90°, with an index or vernier, and either plain or telescopic sights, and usually having a plumb line or spirit level for fixing the vertical or horizontal direction. Gunner's quadrant, an instrument consisting of a graduated limb, with a plumb line or spirit level, and an arm by which it is applied to a cannon or mortar in adjusting it to the elevation required for attaining the desired range. -- Gunter's quadrant. See Gunter's quadrant, in the Vocabulary. Hadley's quadrant, a hand instrument used chiefly at sea to measure the altitude of the sun or other celestial body in ascertaining the vessel's position. It consists of a frame in the form of an octant having a graduated scale upon its arc, and an index arm, or alidade pivoted at its apex. Mirrors, called the index glass and the horizon glass, are fixed one upon the index arm and the other upon one side of the frame, respectively. When the instrument is held upright, the index arm may be swung so that the index glass will reflect an image of the sun upon the horizon glass, and when the reflected image of the sun coincides, to the observer's eye, with the horizon as seen directly through an opening at the side of the horizon glass, the index shows the sun's altitude upon the scale; -- more properly, but less commonly, called an octant. -- Quadrant of altitude, an appendage of the artificial globe, consisting of a slip of brass of the length of a quadrant of one of the great circles of the globe, and graduated. It may be fitted to the meridian, and being movable round to all points of the horizon, serves as a scale in measuring altitudes, azimuths, etc.

Quadrantal

Quad*ran"tal (?), a. [L. quadrantalis containing the fourth fourth part of a measure.] (Geom.) Of or pertaining to a quadrant; also, included in the fourth part of a circle; as, quadrantal space. Quadrantal triangle, a spherical triangle having one side equal to a quadrant or arc of 90°. -- Quadrantal versor, a versor that expresses rotation through one right angle.

Quadrantal

Quad*ran"tal, n. [L.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) A cubical vessel containing a Roman cubic foot, each side being a Roman square foot; -- used as a measure.

2. A cube. [R.]

Quadrat

Quad"rat (?), n. [F. quadrat, cadrat. See Quadrate.]

1. (Print.) A block of type metal lower than the letters, -- used in spacing and in blank lines. [Abbrev. quad.]

2. An old instrument used for taking altitudes; -- called also geometrical square, and line of shadows.

Quadrate

Quad"rate (?), a. [L. quadratus squared, p. p. of quadrare to make four-cornered, to make square, to square, to fit, suit, from quadrus square, quattuor four. See Quadrant, and cf. Quadrat, Quarry an arrow, Square.]

1. Having four equal sides, the opposite sides parallel, and four right angles; square.

Figures, some round, some triangle, some quadrate. Foxe.

2. Produced by multiplying a number by itself; square. " Quadrate and cubical numbers." Sir T. Browne.

3. Square; even; balanced; equal; exact. [Archaic] " A quadrate, solid, wise man." Howell.

4. Squared; suited; correspondent. [Archaic] " A generical description quadrate to both." Harvey. Quadrate bone (Anat.), a bone between the base of the lower jaw and the skull in most vertebrates below the mammals. In reptiles and birds it articulates the lower jaw with the skull; in mammals it is represented by the malleus or incus.

Quadrate

Quad"rate (?), n. [L. quadratum. See Quadrate, a.]

1. (Geom.) A plane surface with four equal sides and four right angles; a square; hence, figuratively, anything having the outline of a square.

At which command, the powers militant That stood for heaven, in mighty quadrate joined. Milton.

2. (Astrol.) An aspect of the heavenly bodies in which they are distant from each other 90°, or the quarter of a circle; quartile. See the Note under Aspect, 6.

3. (Anat.) The quadrate bone.

Quadrate

Quad"rate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quadrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quadrating.] [See Quadrate, a.] To square; to agree; to suit; to correspond; -- followed by with. [Archaic]
The objections of these speculatists of its forms do not quadrate with their theories. Burke.

Quadrate

Quad"rate, v. t. To adjust (a gun) on its carriage; also, to train (a gun) for horizontal firing.

Quadratic

Quad*rat"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. quadratique.]

1. Of or pertaining to a square, or to squares; resembling a quadrate, or square; square.

2. (Crystallog.) Tetragonal.

3. (Alg.) Pertaining to terms of the second degree; as, a quadratic equation, in which the highest power of the unknown quantity is a square.

Quadratics

Quad*rat"ics (?), n. (Alg.) That branch of algebra which treats of quadratic equations.

Quadratojugal

Quad*ra`to*ju"gal (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the quadrate and jugal bones. (b) Of or pertaining to the quadratojugal bone. -- n. The quadratojugal bone. Quadratojugal bone (Anat.), a bone at the base of the lower jaw in many animals.

Quadratrix

Quad*ra"trix (?), n.; pl. -trixes (#), or -trices (#). [NL.] (Geom.) A curve made use of in the quadrature of other curves; as the quadratrix, of Dinostratus, or of Tschirnhausen.

Quadrature

Quad"ra*ture (?), n. [L. quadratura: cf. F. quadrature. See Quadrate, a.]

1. (Math.) The act of squaring; the finding of a square having the same area as some given curvilinear figure; as, the quadrature of a circle; the operation of finding an expression for the area of a figure bounded wholly or in part by a curved line, as by a curve, two ordinates, and the axis of abscissas.

2. A quadrate; a square. Milton.

3. (Integral Calculus) The integral used in obtaining the area bounded by a curve; hence, the definite integral of the product of any function of one variable into the differential of that variable.

4. (Astron.) The position of one heavenly body in respect to another when distant from it 90°, or a quarter of a circle, as the moon when at an equal distance from the points of conjunction and opposition. Quadrature of the moon (Astron.), the position of the moon when one half of the disk is illuminated. -- Quadrature of an orbit (Astron.), a point in an orbit which is at either extremity of the latus rectum drawn through the empty focus of the orbit.

Quadrel

Quad"rel (?), n. [It. quadrello, LL. quadrellus, fr. L. quadrus square. See Quadrate, and cf. Quarrel an arrow.]

1. A square piece of turf or peat. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A square brick, tile, or the like.

Quadrennial

Quad*ren"ni*al (?), a. [L. quadriennium a space of four years; quattuor four + annus year; cf. L. quadriennis. See Quadrate, and Annual.]

1. Comprising four years; as, a quadrennial period.

2. Occurring once in four years, or at the end of every four years; as, quadrennial games.

Quadrennially

Quad*ren"ni*al*ly, adv. Once in four years.

Quadrennium

Quad*ren"ni*um (?), n. [NL. See Quadrennial.] A space or period of four years.

Quadri-

Quad"ri- (?). [L., from quattuor four. See Four.] A combining form meaning four, four times, fourfold; as, quadricapsular, having four capsules.

Quadribasic

Quad`ri*ba"sic (?), a. [Quadri- + basic.] (Chem.) Same as Tetrabasic.

Quadrible

Quad"ri*ble (?), a. Quadrable. [R.]

Quadric

Quad"ric (?), a. (Math.) Of or pertaining to the second degree.

Quadric

Quad"ric, n. (a) (Alg.) A quantic of the second degree. See Quantic. (b) (Geom.) A surface whose equation in three variables is of the second degree. Spheres, spheroids, ellipsoids, paraboloids, hyperboloids, also cones and cylinders with circular bases, are quadrics.

Quadricapsular

Quad`ri*cap"su*lar (?), a. [Quadri- + capsular.] (Bot.) Having four capsules.

Quadriceps

Quad"ri*ceps (?), n. [NL., fr. L. qyattuor four + caput head.] (Anat.) The great extensor muscle of the knee, divided above into four parts which unite in a single tendon at the knee.

Quadricipital

Quad`ri*cip"i*tal (?), n. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the quadriceps.

Quadricorn

Quad"ri*corn (?), n. [See Quadricornous.] (Zo\'94l.) Any quadricornous animal.

Quadricornous

Quad`ri*cor"nous (?), a. [Quadri- + L. cornu horn: cf. F. quadricorne.] (Zo\'94l.) Having four horns, or hornlike organs; as, a quadricornous beetle.

Quadricostate

Quad`ri*cos"tate (?), a. [Quadri- + costate.] Having four ribs.
Page 1172

Quadridentate

Quad`ri*den"tate (?), a. [Quadri- + dentate.] Having four teeth; as, a quadridentate leaf.

Quadriennial

Quad`ri*en"ni*al (?), a. Same as Quadrennial.

Quadrifarious

Quad`ri*fa"ri*ous (?), a. [L. quadrifarius fourfold, fr. quattuor four: cf. F. quadrifari\'82. Cf. Multifarious.] Arranged in four rows or ranks; as, quadrifarious leaves. Loudon.

Quadrifid

Quad"ri*fid (?), a. [L. quadrifidus; quattuor four + findere to cleave: cf. F. quadrifide.] Divided, or deeply cleft, into four parts; as, a quadrifid perianth; a quadrifid leaf.

Quadrifoil, Quadrifoliate

Quad"ri*foil (?), Quad`ri*fo"li*ate (?), a. [Quadri- + L. folium leaf.] (Bot.) Four-leaved; having the leaves in whorls of four.

Quadrifurcated

Quad`ri*fur"ca*ted (?), a. [Quadri- + furcated.] Having four forks, or branches.

Quadriga

Quad*ri"ga (?), n.; pl. Quadrig\'91 (#). [L. See Quadrijugous.] (Rom. Antiq.) A car or chariot drawn by four horses abreast.

Quadrigeminal, Quadrigeminous

Quad`ri*gem"i*nal (?), Quad`ri*gem"i*nous (?), a. [Quadri- + L. gemini twins.] Fourfold; having four similar parts, or two pairs of similar parts. Quadrigeminal bodies (Anat.), two pairs of lobes, or elevations, on the dorsal side of the midbrain of most mammals; the optic lobes. The anterior pair are called the nates, and the posterior the testes.

Quadrigenarious

Quad`ri*ge*na"ri*ous (?), a. [L. quadrigeni, quadringeni, four hundred each.] Consisting of four hundred.

Quadrijugate

Quad*rij"u*gate (?), a. Same as Quadrijugous.

Quadrijugous

Quad*rij"u*gous (?), a. [L. quadrijugus of a team of four; quattuor four + jugum yoke.] (Bot.) Pinnate, with four pairs of leaflets; as, a quadrijugous leaf.

Quadrilateral

Quad`ri*lat"er*al (?), a. [L. quadrilaterus: cf. F. quadrilat\'8are, quadrilat\'82ral. See Quadri- and Lateral.] Having four sides, and consequently four angles; quadrangular.

Quadrilateral

Quad`ri*lat"er*al, n.

1. (Geom.) A plane figure having four sides, and consequently four angles; a quadrangular figure; any figure formed by four lines.

2. An area defended by four fortresses supporting each other; as, the Venetian quadrilateral, comprising Mantua, Peschiera, Verona, and Legnano. Complete quadrilateral (Geom.), the figure made up of the six straight lines that can be drawn through four points, A., B, C, I, the lines being supposed to be produced indefinitely. <-- reference is to a figure of a complete quadrilateral. -->

Quadrilateralness

Quad`ri*lat"er*al*ness, n. The property of being quadrilateral.

Quadriliteral

Quad`ri*lit"er*al (?), a. [Quadri- + literal.] Consisting of four letters.

Quadrille

Qua*drille" (?), n. [F. quadrille, n. fem., fr. Sp. cuadrilla meeting of four or more persons or It. quadriglia a band of soldiers, a sort of dance; dim. fr. L. quadra a square, fr. quattuor four. See Quadrate.]

1. A dance having five figures, in common time, four couples of dancers being in each set.

2. The appropriate music for a quadrille.

Quadrille

Qua*drille", n. [F. quadrille, n. masc., cf. It. quadriglio; or perhaps from the Spanish. See Quadrille a dance.] A game played by four persons with forty cards, being the remainder of an ordinary pack after the tens, nines, and eights are discarded. Hoyle.

Quadrillion

Quad*ril"lion (?), n. [F., fr. L. quater four times, akin to quattuor four, E. four; -- formed like million. See Four, Million.] According to the French notation, which is followed also upon the Continent and in the United States, a unit with fifteen ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, the number produced by involving a million to the fourth power, or the number represented by a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.

Quadrilobate, Quadrilobed

Quad`ri*lo"bate (?), Quad`ri*lobed (?), a. [Quadri- + lobe: cf. F. quadrilob\'82.] Having four lobes; as, a quadrilobate leaf.

Quadrilocular

Quad`ri*loc"u*lar (?), a. [Quadri- + locular: cf. F. quadriloculaire.] Having four cells, or cavities; as, a quadrilocular heart.

Quadrin

Quad"rin (?), n. [OF., fr. L. quadrini four each, fr. quattuor four.] A small piece of money, in value about a farthing, or a half cent. [Obs.]

Quadrinodal

Quad`ri*nod"al (?), a. [Quadri- + nodal.] (Math.) Possessing four nodes; as, quadrinodal curves.

Quadrinomial

Quad`ri*no"mi*al (?), n. [Quadri- + nomial, as in binomial: cf. F. quadrin\'93me.] (Alg.) A polynomial of four terms connected by the signs plus or minus.

Quadrinomical

Quad`ri*nom"ic*al (?), a. Quadrinomial.

Quadrinominal

Quad`ri*nom"i*nal (?), a. [Quadri- + nominal.] (Alg.) Quadrinomial. Sir W. R. Hamilton.

Quadripartite

Quad*rip"ar*tite (?), a. [L. quadripartitus, p. p. of quadripartire to divide into four parts; quattuor four + partire to divide: cf. F. quadripartite.] Divided into four parts.

Quadripartitely

Quad*rip"ar*tite*ly, adv. In four parts.

Quadripartition

Quad`ri*par*ti"tion (?), n. [L. quadripartitio: cf. F. quadripartition.] A division or distribution by four, or into four parts; also, a taking the fourth part of any quantity or number.

Quadripennate

Quad`ri*pen"nate (?), a. [Quadri- + pennate.] (Zo\'94l.) Having four wings; -- said of insects.

Quadriphyllous

Quad*riph"yl*lous (?), a. [Quadri + Gr. (Bot.) Having four leaves; quadrifoliate.

Quadrireme

Quad"ri*reme (?), n. [L. quadriremis; quattuor four + remus an oar: cf. F. quadrir\'8ame.] (Antiq.) A galley with four banks of oars or rowers.

Quadrisection

Quad`ri*sec"tion (?), n. [Quadri- + section.] A subdivision into four parts.

Quadrisulcate

Quad`ri*sul"cate (?), a. [Quadri + sulcate.] (Zo\'94l.) Having four hoofs; as, a quadrisulcate foot; a quadrisulcate animal.

Quadrisyllabic, Quadri-syllabical

Quad`ri*syl*lab"ic (?), Quad`ri-syl*lab"ic*al (?),Having four syllables; of or pertaining to quadrisyllables; as, a quadrisyllabic word.

Quadrisyllable

Quad`ri*syl"la*ble (?), n. [Quadri- + syllable: cf. F. quadrisyllabe.] A word consisting of four syllables. De Quincey.

Quadrivalence

Quad*riv"a*lence (?), n. (Chem.) The quality or state of being quadrivalent; tetravalence.

Quadrivalent

Quad*riv"a*lent (?), a. [Quadri- + L. valens, -entis, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.) Having a valence of four; capable of combining with, being replaced by, or compared with, four monad atoms; tetravalent; -- said of certain atoms and radicals; thus, carbon and silicon are quadrivalent elements.

Quadrivalve

Quad"ri*valve (?), a. [Quadri- + valve: cf. F. quadrivalve.] (Bot.) Dehiscent into four similar parts; four-valved; as, a quadrivalve pericarp.

Quadrivalve

Quad"ri*valve, n. (Arch.) A door, shutter, or the like, having four folds.

Quadrivalvular

Quad`ri*val"vu*lar (?), a. Having four valves; quadrivalve.

Quadrivial

Quad*riv"i*al (?), a. [L. quadrivium a place where four ways meet; quattuor four + via way.] Having four ways meeting in a point. B. Jonson.

Quadrivial

Quad*riv"i*al, n. One of the four "liberal arts" making up the quadrivium.

Quadrivium

Quad*riv"i*um (?), n. [L.] The four "liberal arts," arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- so called by the schoolmen. See Trivium.

Quadroon

Quad*roon" (?), n. [F. quarteron, or Sp. cuarteron. See Quarter a fourth part, and cf. Quarteron.] The offspring of a mulatto and a white person; a person quarter-blooded. [Written also quarteron, quarteroon, and quateron.]

Quadroxide

Quad*rox"ide (?), n. [Quadri- + oxide.] (Chem.) A tetroxide. [R.]

Quadrumana

Quad*ru"ma*na (?), n. pl. [NL. See Quadrumane.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of the Primates comprising the apes and monkeys; -- so called because the hind foot is usually prehensile, and the great toe opposable somewhat like a thumb. Formerly the Quadrumana were considered an order distinct from the Bimana, which last included man alone.

Quadrumane

Quad"ru*mane (?), n. [L. quattuor four + manus a hand: cf. F. quadrumane.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Quadrumana.

Quadrumanous

Quad*ru"ma*nous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having four hands; of or pertaining to the Quadrumana.

Quadruped

Quad"ru*ped (?), a. [L. quadrupes, -pedis; quattuor four + pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F. quadrup\'8ade. See Quadrate, and Foot.] Having four feet.

Quadruped

Quad"ru*ped, n. (Zo\'94l.) An animal having four feet, as most mammals and reptiles; -- often restricted to the mammals.

Quadrupedal

Quad*ru"pe*dal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having four feet; of or pertaining to a quadruped.

Quadruple

Quad"ru*ple (?), a. [L. quadruplus, from quattuor four: cf. F. quadruple. See Quadrate, and cf. Double.] Fourfold; as, to make quadruple restitution; a quadruple alliance. Quadruple time (Mus.), that in which each measure is divided into four equal parts.

Quadruple

Quad"ru*ple, n. [Cf. F. quadruple, L. quadruplum.] four times the sum or number; a fourfold amount; as, to receive to quadruple of the amount in damages.

Quadruple

Quad"ru*ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quadrupled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quadrupling (?).] [L. quadruplare: cf. F. quadrupler.] To multiply by four; to increase fourfold; to double; to double twice. A. Smith.

Quadruple

Quad"ru*ple, v. i. To be multiplied by four; to increase fourfold; to become four times as much.

Quadruplex

Quad"ru*plex (?), a. [L., from quattuor four + plicare to fold.] Fourfold; folded or doubled twice. Quadruplex system (Electric Telegraph), a system by which four messages, two in each direction, may be sent simultaneously over the wire.

Quadruplicate

Quad*ru"pli*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quadruplicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quadruplicating.] [L. quadruplicatus, p. p. of quadruplicare, fr. quadrupleQuadruplex.] To make fourfold; to double twice; to quadruple.

Quadruplicate

Quad*ru"pli*cate (?), a. [L. quadruplicatus, p. p.]

1. Fourfold; doubled twice; four times repeated; as, a quadruplicate ratio, or a quadruplicate proportion.

2. (Math.) Raised to the fourth power. [R.]

Quadruplication

Quad`ru*pli*ca"tion (?), n. [L. quadruplicatio: cf. F. quadruplication.] The act of making fourfold; a taking four times the simple sum or amount.

Quadruply

Quad"ru*ply (?), adv. To a fourfold quantity; so as to be, or cause to be, quadruple; as, to be quadruply recompensed.

Qu\'91re

Qu\'91"re (?), v. imperative. [L., imperative of quaerere to seek.] Inquire; question; see; -- used to signify doubt or to suggest investigation.

Qu\'91stor

Qu\'91s"tor (?), n. [L.] Same as Questor.

Quaff

Quaff (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quaffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quaffing.] [For quach, fr. Gael. & Ir. cuach a drinking cup; cf. L. caucus a drinking vessel. Cf. Quaigh.] To drink with relish; to drink copiously of; to swallow in large draughts. "Quaffed off the muscadel." Shak.
They eat, they drink, and in communion sweet Quaff immortality and joy. Milton.

Quaff

Quaff (?), v. i. To drink largely or luxuriously.
Twelve days the gods their solemn revels keep, And quaff with blameless Ethiops in the deep. Dryden.

Quaffer

Quaff"er (?), n. One who quaffs, or drinks largely.

Quag

Quag (?), n. A quagmire. [R.] "Crooked or straight, through quags or thorny dells." Cowper.

Quagga

Quag"ga (?), n. [Hottentot.] (Zo\'94l.) A South African wild ass (Equus, ∨ Hippotigris, quagga). The upper parts are reddish brown, becoming paler behind and behind and beneath, with dark stripes on the face, neck, and fore part of the body.<-- now extinct? -->

Quaggy

Quag"gy (?), a.[See Quag, Quagmire.] Of the nature of a quagmire; yielding or trembling under the foot, as soft, wet earth; spongy; boggy. "O'er the watery strath, or quaggy moss." Collins.

Quagmire

Quag"mire` (?), n. [Quake + mire.] Soft, wet, miry land, which shakes or yields under the feet. "A spot surrounded by quagmires, which rendered it difficult of access." Palfrey. Syn. -- Morass; marsh; bog; swamp; fen; slough.

Quahog, Quahaug

Qua"hog, Qua"haug (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. Narragansett Indian poqua\'96hock.] (Zo\'94l.) An American market clam (Venus mercenaria). It is sold in large quantities, and is highly valued as food. Called also round clam, and hard clam. &hand; The name is also applied to other allied species, as Venus Mortoni of the Gulf of Mexico.

Quaigh, Quaich

Quaigh, Quaich (?), n. [Gael.cuach. Cf. Quaff.] A small shallow cup or drinking vessel. [Scot.] [Written also quegh.]

Quail

Quail (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Qualled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Qualling.] [AS.cwelan to die, perish; akin to cwalu violent death, D. kwaal pain, G. qual torment, OHG. quelan to suffer torment, Lith. gelti to hurt, gela pain. Cf. Quell.]

1. To die; to perish; hence, to wither; to fade. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To become quelled; to become cast down; to sink under trial or apprehension of danger; to lose the spirit and power of resistance; to lose heart; to give way; to shrink; to cower.

The atheist power shall quail, and confess his fears. I. Taylor. Stouter hearts than a woman's have quailed in this terrible winter. Longfellow.
Syn. -- to cower; flinch; shrink; quake; tremble; blench; succumb; yield.

Quail

Quail, v. t. [Cf. Quell.] To cause to fail in spirit or power; to quell; to crush; to subdue. [Obs.] Spenser.

Quail

Quail, v. i. [OF. coaillier, F. cailler, from L. coagulare. See Coagulate.] To curdle; to coagulate, as milk. [Obs.] Holland.

Quail

Quail, n. [OF. quaille, F. caille, LL. quaquila, qualia, qualea, of Dutch or German origin; cf. D. kwakkel, kwartel, OHG. wahtala, G. wachtel.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any gallinaceous bird belonging to Coturnix and several allied genera of the Old World, especially the common European quail (C. communis), the rain quail (C. Coromandelica) of India, the stubble quail (C. pectoralis), and the Australian swamp quail (Synoicus australis).

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several American partridges belonging to Colinus, Callipepla, and allied genera, especially the bobwhite (called Virginia quail, and Maryland quail), and the California quail (Calipepla Californica).

3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Turnix and allied genera, native of the Old World, as the Australian painted quail (Turnix varius). See Turnix.

4. A prostitute; -- so called because the quail was thought to be a very amorous bird.[Obs.] Shak. Bustard quail (Zo\'94l.), a small Asiatic quail-like bird of the genus Turnix, as T. taigoor, a black-breasted species, and the hill bustard quail (T. ocellatus). See Turnix. -- Button quail (Zo\'94l.), one of several small Asiatic species of Turnix, as T. Sykesii, which is said to be the smallest game bird of India. -- Mountain quail. See under Mountain. -- Quail call, a call or pipe for alluring quails into a net or within range. -- Quail dove (Zo\'94l.), any one of several American ground pigeons belonging to Geotrygon and allied genera. -- Quail hawk (Zo\'94l.), the New Zealand sparrow hawk (Hieracidea Nov\'91-Hollandi\'91). -- Quail pipe. See Quail call, above. -- Quail snipe (Zo\'94l.), the dowitcher, or red-breasted snipe; -- called also robin snipe, and brown snipe. -- Sea quail (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. [Local, U. S.]


Page 1173

Quaily

Quail"y (?), n. [Cf. Quail the bird.] (Zo\'94l.) The upland plover. [Canadian]

Quaint

Quaint (?), a. [OE. queint, queynte, coint, prudent, wise, cunning, pretty, odd, OF. cointe cultivated, amiable, agreeable, neat, fr. L. cognitus known, p. p. of cognoscere to know; con + noscere (for gnoscere) to know. See Know, and cf. Acquaint, Cognition.]

1. Prudent; wise; hence, crafty; artful; wily. [Obs.]

Clerks be full subtle and full quaint. Chaucer.

2. Characterized by ingenuity or art; finely fashioned; skillfully wrought; elegant; graceful; nice; neat. [Archaic] " The queynte ring." " His queynte spear." Chaucer. " A shepherd young quaint." Chapman.

Every look was coy and wondrous quaint. Spenser.
To show bow quaint an orator you are. Shak.

3. Curious and fanciful; affected; odd; whimsical; antique; archaic; singular; unusual; as, quaint architecture; a quaint expression.

Some stroke of quaint yet simple pleasantry. Macaulay.
An old, long-faced, long-bodied servant in quaint livery. W. Irving.
Syn. -- Quaint, Odd, Antique. Antique is applied to that which has come down from the ancients, or which is made to imitate some ancient work of art. Odd implies disharmony, incongruity, or unevenness. An odd thing or person is an exception to general rules of calculation and procedure, or expectation and common experience. In the current use of quaint, the two ideas of odd and antique are combined, and the word is commonly applied to that which is pleasing by reason of both these qualities. Thus, we speak of the quaint architecture of many old buildings in London; or a quaint expression, uniting at once the antique and the fanciful.

Quaintise

Quain"tise (?), n. [OF. cointise.]

1. Craft; subtlety; cunning. [Obs.] Chaucer. R. of Glouces.

2. Elegance; beauty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Quaintly

Quaint"ly (?), adv. In a quaint manner. Shak.

Quaintness

Quaint"ness, n. The quality of being quaint. Pope.

Quair

Quair (?), n. [See 3d Quire.] A quire; a book. [Obs.] " The king's quhair." James I. (of Scotland).

Quake

Quake (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quaking.] [AS. cwacian; cf. G. quackeln. Cf. Quagmire.]

1. To be agitated with quick, short motions continually repeated; to shake with fear, cold, etc.; to shudder; to tremble. Quaking for dread." Chaucer.

She stood quaking like the partridge on which the hawk is ready to seize. Sir P. Sidney.

2. To shake, vibrate, or quiver, either from not being solid, as soft, wet land, or from violent convulsion of any kind; as, the earth quakes; the mountains quake. " Over quaking bogs." Macaulay.

Quake

Quake, v. t. [Cf. AS. cweccan to move, shake. See Quake, v. t.] To cause to quake. [Obs.] Shak.

Quake

Quake, n. A tremulous agitation; a quick vibratory movement; a shudder; a quivering.

Quaker

Quak"er (?), n.

1. One who quakes.

2. One of a religious sect founded by George Fox, of Leicestershire, England, about 1650, -- the members of which call themselves Friends. They were called Quakers, originally, in derision. See Friend, n., 4.

Fox's teaching was primarily a preaching of repentance . . . The trembling among the listening crowd caused or confirmed the name of Quakers given to the body; men and women sometimes fell down and lay struggling as if for life. Encyc. Brit.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The nankeen bird. (b) The sooty albatross. (c) Any grasshopper or locust of the genus (Edipoda; -- so called from the quaking noise made during flight. Quaker buttons. (Bot.) See Nux vomica. -- Quaker gun, a dummy cannon made of wood or other material; -- so called because the sect of Friends, or Quakers, hold to the doctrine, of nonresistance. -- Quaker ladies (Bot.), a low American biennial plant (Houstonia c\'91rulea), with pretty four-lobed corollas which are pale blue with a yellowish center; -- also called bluets, and little innocents.

Quakeress

Quak"er*ess, n. A woman who is a member of the Society of Friends.

Quakerish

Quak"er*ish, a. Like or pertaining to a Quaker; Quakerlike.

Quakerism

Quak"er*ism (?), n. The peculiar character, manners, tenets, etc., of the Quakers.

Quakerlike

Quak"er*like (?), a. Like a Quaker.

Quakerly

Quak"er*ly, a. Resembling Quakers; Quakerlike; Quakerish. Macaulay.

Quakery

Quak"er*y (?), n. Quakerism. [Obs.] Hallywell.

Quaketail

Quake"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A wagtail.

Quakness

Quak"ness (?), n. The state of being quaky; liability to quake.

Quaking

Quak"ing, a. & n. from Quake, v. Quaking aspen (Bot.), an American species of poplar (Populus tremuloides), the leaves of which tremble in the lightest breeze. It much resembles the European aspen. See Aspen.<-- #err in original written "Quaking asp"! --> -- Quaking bog, a bog of forming peat so saturated with water that it shakes when trodden upon. -- Quaking grass. (Bot.) (a) One of several grasses of the genus Briza, having slender-stalked and pendulous ovate spikelets, which quake and rattle in the wind. Briza maxima is the large quaking grass; B. media and B. minor are the smaller kinds. (b) Rattlesnake grass (Glyceria Canadensis).

Quakingly

Quak"ing*ly (?), adv. In a quaking manner; fearfully. Sir P. Sidney.

Quaky

Quak"y (?), a. Shaky, or tremulous; quaking.

Qualifiable

Qual"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of being qualified; abatable; modifiable. Barrow.

Qualification

Qual`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. qualification. See Qualify.]

1. The act of qualifying, or the condition of being qualified.

2. That which qualifies; any natural endowment, or any acquirement, which fits a person for a place, office, or employment, or which enables him to sustian any character with success; an enabling quality or circumstance; requisite capacity or possession.

There is no qualification for government but virtue and wisdom, actual or presumptive. Burke.

3. The act of limiting, or the state of being limited; that which qualifies by limiting; modification; restriction; hence, abatement; diminution; as, to use words without any qualification.

Qualificative

Qual"i*fi*ca*tive (?), n. That which qualifies, modifies, or restricts; a qualifying term or statement.
How many qualificatives, correctives, and restrictives he inserteth in this relation. Fuller.

Qualificator

Qual"i*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [LL.] (R. C. Ch.) An officer whose business it is to examine and prepare causes for trial in the ecclesiastical courts.

Qualified

Qual"i*fied (?), a.

1. Fitted by accomplishments or endowments.

2. Modified; limited; as, a qualified statement. Qualified fee (Law), a base fee, or an estate which has a qualification annexed to it, the fee ceasing with the qualification, as a grant to A and his heirs, tenants of the manor of Dale. -- Qualified indorsement (Law), an indorsement which modifies the liability of the indorser that would result from the general principles of law, but does not affect the negotiability of the instrument. Story. -- Qualified negative (Legislation), a limited veto power, by which the chief executive in a constitutional government may refuse assent to bills passed by the legislative body, which bills therefore fail to become laws unless upon a reconsideration the legislature again passes them by a certain majority specified in the constitution, when they become laws without the approval of the executive. Qualified property (Law), that which depends on temporary possession, as that in wild animals reclaimed, or as in the case of a bailment. Syn. -- Competent; fit; adapted. -- Qualified, Competent. Competent is most commonly used with respect to native endowments and general ability suited to the performance of a task or duty; qualified with respect to specific acquirements and training.

Qualifiedly

Qual"i*fied`ly, adv. In the way of qualification; with modification or qualification.

Qualifiedness

Qual"i*fied`ness, n. The state of being qualified.

Qualifier

Qual"i*fi`er (?), One who, or that which, qualifies; that which modifies, reduces, tempers or restrains.

Qualify

Qual"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Qualified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Qualifying (?).] [F. qualifier, LL. qualificare, fr. L. qualis how constituted, as + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Quality, and -Fy.]

1. To make such as is required; to give added or requisite qualities to; to fit, as for a place, office, occupation, or character; to furnish with the knowledge, skill, or other accomplishment necessary for a purpose; to make capable, as of an employment or privilege; to supply with legal power or capacity.

He had qualified himself for municipal office by taking the oaths to the sovereigns in possession. Macaulay.

2. To give individual quality to; to modulate; to vary; to regulate.

It hath no larynx . . . to qualify the sound. Sir T. Browne.

3. To reduce from a general, undefined, or comprehensive form, to particular or restricted form; to modify; to limit; to restrict; to restrain; as, to qualify a statement, claim, or proposition.

4. Hence, to soften; to abate; to diminish; to assuage; to reduce the strength of, as liquors.

I do not seek to quench your love's hot fire, But qualify the fire's extreme rage. Shak.

5. To soothe; to cure; -- said of persons. [Obs.]

In short space he has them qualified. Spenser.
Syn. -- To fit; equip; prepare; adapt; capacitate; enable; modify; soften; restrict; restrain; temper.

Qualify

Qual"i*fy, v. i.

1. To be or become qualified; to be fit, as for an office or employment.

2. To obtain legal power or capacity by taking the oath, or complying with the forms required, on assuming an office.

Qualitative

Qual"i*ta*tive (?), a. [Cf. LL. gualitativus, F. qualitatif.] Relating to quality; having the character of quality. -- Qual"i*ta*tive*ly, adv. Qualitative analysis (Chem.), analysis which merely determines the constituents of a substance without any regard to the quantity of each ingredient; -- contrasted with quantitative analysis.

Qualitied

Qual"i*tied (?), a. Furnished with qualities; endowed. [Obs.] "He was well qualitied." Chapman.

Quality

Qual"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Qualities (#). [F. qualit\'82, L. qualitas, fr. qualis how constituted, as; akin to E. which. See Which.]

1. The condition of being of such and such a sort as distinguished from others; nature or character relatively considered, as of goods; character; sort; rank.

We lived most joyful, obtaining acquaintance with many of the city not of the meanest quality. Bacon

2. Special or temporary character; profession; occupation; assumed or asserted rank, part, or position.

I made that inquiry in quality of an antiquary. Gray.

3. That which makes, or helps to make, anything such as it is; anything belonging to a subject, or predicable of it; distinguishing property, characteristic, or attribute; peculiar power, capacity, or virtue; distinctive trait; as, the tones of a flute differ from those of a violin in quality; the great quality of a statesman. &hand; Qualities, in metaphysics, are primary or secondary. Primary are those essential to the existence, and even the conception, of the thing, as of matter or spirit Secondary are those not essential to such a conception.

4. An acquired trait; accomplishment; acquisition.

He had those qualities of horsemanship, dancing, and fencing which accompany a good breeding. Clarendon.

5. Superior birth or station; high rank; elevated character. "Persons of quality." Bacon. Quality binding, a kind of worsted tape used in Scotland for binding carpets, and the like. The quality, those of high rank or station, as distinguished from the masses, or common people; the nobility; the gentry.

I shall appear at the masquerade dressed up in my feathers, that the quality may see how pretty they will look in their traveling habits. Addison.
Syn. -- Property; attribute; nature; peculiarity; character; sort; rank; disposition; temper.

Qualm

Qualm (?), n. [AS. cwealm death, slaughter, pestilence, akin to OS. & OHG. qualm. See Quail to cower.]

1. Sickness; disease; pestilence; death. [Obs.]

thousand slain and not of qualm ystorve [dead]. Chaucer.

2. A sudden attack of illness, faintness, or pain; an agony. " Qualms of heartsick agony." Milton.

3. Especially, a sudden sensation of nausea.

For who, without a qualm, hath ever looked On holy garbage, though by Homer cooked? Roscommon.

4. A prick or scruple of conscience; uneasiness of conscience; compunction. Dryden.

Qualmish

Qualm"ish, a. Sick at the stomach; affected with nausea or sickly languor; inclined to vomit. Shak. -- Qualm"ish*ly, adv. -- Qualm"ish*ness, n.

Quamash

Quam"ash (?), n. (Bot.) See Camass.

Quamoclit

Quam"o*clit (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) Formerly, a genus of plants including the cypress vine (Quamoclit vulgaris, now called Ipom\'d2a Quamoclit). The genus is now merged in Ipom\'d2a.

Quandary

Quan"da*ry (?), n.; pl. Quandaries (#). [Prob. fr. OE. wandreth adversity, perplexity, Icel. wandr\'91&edh;i difficulty, trouble, fr. vandr difficult.] A state of difficulty or perplexity; doubt; uncertainty.

Quandary

Quan"da*ry, v. t. To bring into a state of uncertainty, perplexity, or difficulty. [Obs.] Otway.

Quandong

Quan"dong (?), n. (Bot.) The edible drupaceous fruit of an Australian tree (Fusanus acuminatus) of the Sandalwood family; -- called also quandang.

Quandy

Quan"dy (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The old squaw. [Local, U. S.]

Quannet

Quan"net (?), n. A flat file having the handle at one side, so as to be used like a plane.

Quant

Quant (?), n. A punting pole with a broad flange near the end to prevent it from sinking into the mud; a setting pole.

Quantic

Quan"tic (?), n. [L. quantus how much. See Quantity.] (Math.) A homogeneous algebraic function of two or more variables, in general containing only positive integral powers of the variables, and called quadric, cubic, quartic, etc., according as it is of the second, third, fourth, fifth, or a higher degree. These are further called binary, ternary, quaternary, etc., according as they contain two, three, four, or more variables; thus, the quantic is a binary cubic.

Quantification

Quan`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [See Quantity.] Modification by a reference to quantity; the introduction of the element of quantity.
The quantification of the predicate belongs in part to Sir William Hamilton; viz., in its extension to negative propositions. De Quincey.

Quantity

Quan"ti*ty (?) v. t. [L. quantus now much + -fy.] To modify or qualify with respect to quantity; to fix or express the quantity of; to rate.

Quantitative

Quan"ti*ta*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. quantitatif.] Relating to quantity. -- Quan"ti*ta*tive*ly, adv. Quantitative analysis (Chem.), analysis which determines the amount or quantity of each ingredient of a substance, by weight or by volume; -- contrasted with qualitative analysis.

Quantitive

Quan"ti*tive (?), a. [See Quantity.] Estimable according to quantity; quantitative. Sir K. Digby.

Quantitively

Quan"ti*tive*ly, adv. So as to be measurable by quantity; quantitatively.

Quantity

Quan"ti*ty (?), n.; pl. Quantities (#). [F. quantite, L. quantitas, fr. quantus bow great, how much, akin to quam bow, E. how, who. See Who.]

1. The attribute of being so much, and not more or less; the property of being measurable, or capable of increase and decrease, multiplication and division; greatness; and more concretely, that which answers the question "How much?"; measure in regard to bulk or amount; determinate or comparative dimensions; measure; amount; bulk; extent; size. Hence, in specific uses: (a) (Logic) The extent or extension of a general conception, that is, the number of species or individuals to which it may be applied; also, its content or comprehension, that is, the number of its constituent qualities, attributes, or relations. (b) (Gram.) The measure of a syllable; that which determines the time in which it is pronounced; as, the long or short quantity of a vowel or syllable. (c) (Mus.) The relative duration of a tone.

2. That which can be increased, diminished, or measured; especially (Math.), anything to which mathematical processes are applicable. &hand; Quantity is discrete when it is applied to separate objects, as in number; continuous, when the parts are connected, either in succession, as in time, motion, etc., or in extension, as by the dimensions of space, viz., length, breadth, and thickness.

3. A determinate or estimated amount; a sum or bulk; a certain portion or part; sometimes, a considerable amount; a large portion, bulk, or sum; as, a medicine taken in quantities, that is, in large quantities.

The quantity of extensive and curious information which he had picked up during many months of desultory, but not unprofitable, study. Macaulay.
Quantity of estate (Law), its time of continuance, or degree of interest, as in fee, for life, or for years. Wharton (Law Dict. ) -- Quantity of matter, in a body, its mass, as determined by its weight, or by its momentum under a given velocity. -- Quantity of motion (Mech.), in a body, the relative amount of its motion, as measured by its momentum, varying as the product of mass and velocity. -- Known quantities (Math.), quantities whose values are given. -- Unknown quantities (Math.), quantities whose values are sought.
Page 1174

Quantivalence

Quan*tiv"a*lence (?), n. [L. quantus how much + E. valence.] (Chem.) Valence. [Archaic]

Quantivalent

Quan*tiv"a*lent (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to quantivalence. [Archaic]

Quantum

Quan"tum (?), n.; pl. Quanta (#). [L., neuter of quantus how great, how much. See Quantity,]

1. Quantity; amount. "Without authenticating . . . the quantum of the charges." Burke.

2. (Math.) A definite portion of a manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary. W. K. Clifford. Quantum meruit ( [L., as much as he merited] (Law), a count in an action grounded on a promise that the defendant would pay to the plaintiff for his service as much as he should deserve. -- Quantum sufficit (, ∨ Quantum suff. <-- abbr. q.s. (pharmacy) -->[L., as much suffices] (Med.), a sufficient quantity. -- Quantum valebat ( [L., as much at it was worth] (Law), a count in an action to recover of the defendant, for goods sold, as much as they were worth. Blackstone.

Quap

Quap (?), v. i. To quaver. [Obs.] See Quob.

Quaquaversal

Qua`qua*ver"sal (?), a. [L. quaqua wheresoever, whithersoever + versus, p. p. of vertere to turn.]

1. Turning or dipping in any or every direction.

2. (Geol.) Dipping toward all points of the compass round a center, as beds of lava round a crater.

Quar

Quar (?), n. A quarry. [Prov. Eng.] B. Jonson.

Quarantine

Quar"an*tine (?), n. [F. quarantaine, OF. quaranteine, fr. F. quarante forty, L. quadraginta, akin to quattuor four, and E. four: cf. It. quarantina, quarentine. See Four, and cf. Quadragesima.]

1. A space of forty days; -- used of Lent.

2. Specifically, the term, originally of forty days, during which a ship arriving in port, and suspected of being infected a malignant contagious disease, is obliged to forbear all intercourse with the shore; hence, such restraint or inhibition of intercourse; also, the place where infected or prohibited vessels are stationed. &hand; Quarantine is now applied also to any forced stoppage of travel or communication on account of malignant contagious disease, on land as well as by sea.

3. (Eng. Law) The period of forty days during which the widow had the privilege of remaining in the mansion house of which her husband died seized. Quarantine flag, a yellow flag hoisted at the fore of a vessel or hung from a building, to give warning of an infectious disease; -- called also the yellow jack, and yellow flag.

Quarantine

Quar`an*tine" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quarantined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quarantining.] To compel to remain at a distance, or in a given place, without intercourse, when suspected of having contagious disease; to put under, or in, quarantine.

Quarl

Quarl (?), n. [Cf. G. qualle.] (Zo\'94l.) A medusa, or jellyfish. [R.]
The jellied quarl that flings At once a thousand streaming stings. J. R. Drake.

Quarrel

Quar"rel (?), n. [OE. quarel, OF. quarrel, F. carreau, LL. quadrellus, from L. quadrus square. See Quadrate, and cf. Quadrel, Quarry an arrow, Carrel.]

1. An arrow for a crossbow; -- so named because it commonly had a square head. [Obs.]

To shoot with arrows and quarrel. Sir J. Mandeville.
Two arblasts, . . . with windlaces and quarrels. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Arch.) Any small square or quadrangular member; as: (a) A square of glass, esp. when set diagonally. (b) A small opening in window tracery, of which the cusps, etc., make the form nearly square. (c) A square or lozenge-shaped paving tile.

3. A glazier's diamond. Simmonds.

4. A four-sided cutting tool or chisel having a diamond-shaped end.

Quarrel

Quar"rel, n. [OE. querele, OF. querele, F. querelle, fr. L. querela, querella, a complaint, fr. queri to complain. See Querulous.]

1. A breach of concord, amity, or obligation; a falling out; a difference; a disagreement; an antagonism in opinion, feeling, or conduct; esp., an angry dispute, contest, or strife; a brawl; an altercation; as, he had a quarrel with his father about expenses.

I will bring a sword upon you that shall avenge the quarrel of my covenant. Lev. xxvi. 25.
On open seas their quarrels they debate. Dryden.

2. Ground of objection, dislike, difference, or hostility; cause of dispute or contest; occasion of altercation.

Herodias had a quarrel against him, and would have killed him. Mark vi. 19.
No man hath any quarrel to me. Shak.
He thought he had a good quarrel to attack him. Holinshed.

3. Earnest desire or longing. [Obs.] Holland. To pick a quarrel. See under Pick, v. t. Syn. -- Brawl; broil; squabble; affray; feud; tumult; contest; dispute; altercation; contention; wrangle.

Quarrel

Quar"rel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quarreled (?) or Quarrelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Quarreling or Quarrelling.]

1. To violate concord or agreement; to have a difference; to fall out; to be or become antagonistic.

Our people quarrel with obedience. Shak.
But some defect in her Did quarrel with the noblest grace she owed. Shak.

2. To dispute angrily, or violently; to wrangle; to scold; to altercate; to contend; to fight.

Beasts called sociable quarrel in hunger and lust. Sir W. Temple.

3. To find fault; to cavil; as, to quarrel with one's lot.

I will not quarrel with a slight mistake. Roscommon.

Quarrel

Quar"rel (?), v. t.

1. To quarrel with. [R.] "I had quarelled my brother purposely." B. Jonson.

2. To compel by a quarrel; as, to quarrel a man out of his estate or rights.

Quarrel

Quar"rel (?), n. [Written also quarreller.] One who quarrels or wrangles; one who is quarrelsome. Shak.

Quarrelet

Quar"rel*et (?), n. A little quarrel. See 1st Quarrel, 2. [Obs.] "Quarrelets of pearl [teeth]." Herrick.

Quarreling

Quar"rel*ing, a. Engaged in a quarrel; apt or disposed to quarrel; as, quarreling factions; a quarreling mood. -- Quar"rel*ing*ly, adv.

Quarrellous

Quar"rel*lous (?), a. [OF. querelous, F. querelleux, L. querulosus and querulus, fr. queri to complain. See 2d Quarrel.] Quarrelsome. [Obs.] [Written also quarrellous.] Shak.

Quarrelsome

Quar"rel*some (?), a. Apt or disposed to quarrel; given to brawls and contention; easily irritated or provoked to contest; irascible; choleric. Syn. -- Pugnacious; irritable; irascible; brawling; choleric; fiery; petulant. -- Quar"rel*some*ly, adv. -- Quar"rel*some*ness, n.

Quarried

Quar"ried (?), a. Provided with prey.
Now I am bravely quarried. Beau. & Fl.

Quarrier

Quar"ri*er (?), n. A worker in a stone quarry.

Quarry

Quar"ry (?), n. [OE. quarre, OF. quarr\'82 square, F. carr\'82, from L. quadratus square, quadrate, quadratum a square. See Quadrate, and cf. Quarrel an arrow.] Same as 1st Quarrel. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Quarry

Quar"ry, a. [OF. quarr\'82.] Quadrate; square. [Obs.]

Quarry

Quar"ry, n.; pl. Quarries (#). [OE. querre, OF. cuiri\'82e, F. cur\'82e, fr. cuir hide, leather, fr. L. corium; the quarry given to the dogs being wrapped in the akin of the beast. See Cuirass.]

1. (a) A part of the entrails of the beast taken, given to the hounds. (b) A heap of game killed.

2. The object of the chase; the animal hunted for; game; especially, the game hunted with hawks. "The stone-dead quarry." Spenser.

The wily quarry shunned the shock. Sir W. Scott.

Quarry

Quar"ry, v. i. To secure prey; to prey, as a vulture or harpy. L'Estrange.

Quarry

Quar"ry, n. [OE. quarrere, OF. quariere, F. carri\'8are, LL. quadraria a quarry, whence squared (quadrati) stones are dug, fr. quadratus square. See Quadrate.] A place, cavern, or pit where stone is taken from the rock or ledge, or dug from the earth, for building or other purposes; a stone pit. See 5th Mine (a).

Quarry

Quar"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quarried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quarrying.] To dig or take from a quarry; as, to quarry marble.

Quarry-faced

Quar"ry-faced` (?), a. (Stone Masonry) Having a face left as it comes from the quarry and not smoothed with the chisel or point; -- said of stones.

Quarry-man

Quar"ry-man (?), n.; pl. Quarrymen (. A man who is engaged in quarrying stones; a quarrier.

Quart

Quart (?), n. [F. quart, n. masc., fr. L. quartus the fourth, akin to quattuor four. See Four, and cf. 2d Carte, Quarto.] The fourth part; a quarter; hence, a region of the earth. [Obs.]
Camber did possess the western quart. Spenser.

Quart

Quart, n. [F. quarte, n. fem., fr. quart fourth. See Quart a quarter.]

1. A measure of capacity, both in dry and in liquid measure; the fourth part of a gallon; the eighth part of a peck; two pints. &hand; In imperial measure, a quart is forty English fluid ounces; in wine measure, it is thirty-two American fluid ounces. The United States dry quart contains 67.20 cubic inches, the fluid quart 57.75. The English quart contains 69.32 cubic inches.

2. A vessel or measure containing a quart.

Quart

Quart (?), n. [See Quart a quarter.] In cards, four successive cards of the same suit. Cf. Tierce, 4. Hoyle.

Quartan

Quar"tan (?), a. [F. quartain, in fi\'8avre quartaine, L. quartanus, fr. quartus the fourth. See Quart.] Of or pertaining to the fourth; occurring every fourth day, reckoning inclusively; as, a quartan ague, or fever.

Quartan

Quar"tan, n.

1. (Med.) An intermittent fever which returns every fourth day, reckoning inclusively, that is, one in which the interval between paroxysms is two days.

2. A measure, the fourth part of some other measure.

Quartane

Quar"tane (?), n. [L. quartus the fourth.] (Chem.) Butane, each molecule of which has four carbon atoms.

Quartation

Quar*ta"tion (?), n. [L. quartus the fourth: cf. F. quartation. So called because usually enough silver is added to make the amount of gold in the alloyed button about one fourth.] (Chem. & Assaying) The act, process, or result (in the process of parting) of alloying a button of nearly pure gold with enough silver to reduce the fineness so as to allow acids to attack and remove all metals except the gold; -- called also inquartation. Compare Parting.

Quarte

Quarte (?), n. [F.] Same as 2d Carte.

Quartene

Quar"tene (?), n. [Ouartane + ethylene.] (Chem.) Same as Butylene.

Quartenylic

Quar"ten*yl"ic (?), a. [Quartene + -yl + -ic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the acrylic acid series, metameric with crotonic acid, and obtained as a colorless liquid; -- so called from having four carbon atoms in the molecule. Called also isocrotonic acid.

Quarter

Quar"ter (?), n. [F. quartier, L. quartarius a fourth part, fr. quartus the fourth. See Quart.]

1. One of four equal parts into which anything is divided, or is regarded as divided; a fourth part or portion; as, a quarter of a dollar, of a pound, of a yard, of an hour, etc. Hence, specifically: (a) The fourth of a hundred-weight, being 25 or 28 pounds, according as the hundredweight is reckoned at 100 or 112 pounds. (b) The fourth of a ton in weight, or eight bushels of grain; as, a quarter of wheat; also, the fourth part of a chaldron of coal. Hutton. (c) (Astron.) The fourth part of the moon's period, or monthly revolution; as, the first quarter after the change or full. (d) One limb of a quadruped with the adjacent parts; one fourth part of the carcass of a slaughtered animal, including a leg; as, the fore quarters; the hind quarters. (e) That part of a boot or shoe which forms the side, from the heel to the vamp. (f) (Far.) That part on either side of a horse's hoof between the toe and heel, being the side of the coffin. (g) A term of study in a seminary, college, etc, etc.; properly, a fourth part of the year, but often longer or shorter. (h) pl. (Mil.) The encampment on one of the principal passages round a place besieged, to prevent relief and intercept convoys. (i) (Naut.) The after-part of a vessel's side, generally corresponding in extent with the quarter-deck; also, the part of the yardarm outside of the slings. (j) (Her.) One of the divisions of an escutcheon when it is divided into four portions by a horizontal and a perpendicular line meeting in the fess point. &hand; When two coats of arms are united upon one escutcheon, as in case of marriage, the first and fourth quarters display one shield, the second and third the other. See Quarter, v. t., 5. (k) One of the four parts into which the horizon is regarded as divided; a cardinal point; a direction' principal division; a region; a territory.

Scouts each coast light-armed scour, Each quarter, to descry the distant foe. Milton.
(l) A division of a town, city, or county; a particular district; a locality; as, the Latin quarter in Paris. (m) (Arch.) A small upright timber post, used in partitions; -- in the United States more commonly called stud. (n) (Naut.) The fourth part of the distance from one point of the compass to another, being the fourth part of 11\'f8 15\'b7, that is, about 2\'f8 49\'b7; -- called also quarter point. <-- (o) One fourth of a dollar, i.e. twenty five cents. Also, the twenty-five cent piece. Also called a quarter dollar, and two bits -->

2. Proper station; specific place; assigned position; special location.

Swift to their several quarters hasted then The cumbrous elements. Milton.
Hence, specifically: (a) (Naut.) A station at which officers and men are posted in battle; -- usually in the plural. (b) Place of lodging or temporary residence; shelter; entertainment; -- usually in the plural.
The banter turned as to what quarters each would find. W. Irving.
(c) pl. (Mil.) A station or encampment occupied by troops; a place of lodging for soldiers or officers; as, winter quarters. (d) Treatment shown by an enemy; mercy; especially, the act of sparing the life a conquered enemy; a refraining from pushing one's advantage to extremes.
He magnified his own clemency, now they were at his mercy, to offer them quarter for their lives. Clarendon.
Cocks and lambs . . . at the mercy of cats and wolves . . . must never expect better quarter. L'Estrange.

3. Friendship; amity; concord. [Obs.] To keep quarter, to keep one's proper place, and so be on good terms with another. [Obs.] <-- ## abnormal format. Shold be a collocataion. -->

In quarter, and in terms like bride and groom. Shak.
I knew two that were competitors for the secretary's place, . . . and yet kept good quarter between themselves. Bacon.
False quarter, a cleft in the quarter of a horse's foot. -- Fifth quarter, the hide and fat; -- a butcher's term. -- On the quarter (Naut.), in a direction between abeam and astern; opposite, or nearly opposite, a vessel's quarter. -- Quarter aspect. (Astrol.) Same as Quadrate. -- Quarter back (Football), the player who has position next behind center rush, and receives the ball on the snap back. -- Quarter badge (Naut.), an ornament on the side of a vessel near, the stern. Mar. Dict. -- Quarter bill (Naut.), a list specifying the different stations to be taken by the officers and crew in time of action, and the names of the men assigned to each. -- Quarter block (Naut.), a block fitted under the quarters of a yard on each side of the slings, through which the clew lines and sheets are reeved. R. H. Dana, Jr. -- Quarter boat (Naut.), a boat hung at a vessel's quarter. -- Quarter cloths (Naut.), long pieces of painted canvas, used to cover the quarter netting. -- Quarter day, a day regarded as terminating a quarter of the year; hence, one on which any payment, especially rent, becomes due. In matters influenced by United States statutes, quarter days are the first days of January, April, July, and October. In New York and many other places, as between landlord and tenant, they are the first days of May, August, November, and February. The quarter days usually recognized in England are 25th of March (Lady Day), the 24th of June (Midsummer Day), the 29th of September (Michaelmas Day), and the 25th of December (Christmas Day). -- Quarter face, in fine arts, portrait painting, etc., a face turned away so that but one quarter is visible. -- Quarter gallery (Naut.), a balcony on the quarter of a ship. See Gallery, 4. -- Quarter gunner (Naut.), a petty officer who assists the gunner. -- Quarter look, a side glance. [Obs.] B. Jonson. -- Quarter nettings (Naut.), hammock nettings along the quarter rails. -- Quarter note (Mus.), a note equal in duration to half a minim or a fourth of semibreve; a crochet. -- Quarter pieces (Naut.), several pieces of timber at the after-part of the quarter gallery, near the taffrail. Totten. -- Quarter point. (Naut.) See Quarter, n., 1 (n). -- Quarter railing, ∨ Quarter rails (Naut.), narrow molded planks reaching from the top of the stern to the gangway, serving as a fence to the quarter-deck. -- Quarter sessions (Eng. Law), a general court of criminal jurisdiction held quarterly by the justices of peace in counties and by the recorders in boroughs. -- Quarter square (Math.), the fourth part of the square of a number. Tables of quarter squares have been devised to save labor in multiplying numbers. -- Quarter turn, Quarter turn belt (Mach.), an arrangement in which a belt transmits motion between two shafts which are at right angles with each other. -- Quarter watch (Naut.), a subdivision of the full watch (one fourth of the crew) on a man-of- war. -- To give, ∨ show, quarter (Mil.), to accept as prisoner, on submission in battle; to forbear to kill, as a vanquished enemy. -- To keep quarter. See Quarter, n., 3.

Quartter

Quart"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quartered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quartering.]

1. To divide into four equal parts.


Page 1175

2. To divide; to separate into parts or regions.

Then sailors quartered heaven. Dryden.

3. To furnish with shelter or entertainment; to supply with the means of living for a time; especially, to furnish shelter to; as, to quarter soldiers.

They mean this night in Sardis to be quartered. Shak.

4. To furnish as a portion; to allot. [R.]

This isle . . . He quarters to his blue-haired deities. Milton.

5. (Her.) To arrange (different coats of arms) upon one escutcheon, as when a man inherits from both father and mother the right to bear arms. &hand; When only two coats of arms are so combined they are arranged in four compartments. See Quarter, n., 1 (f).

Quarter

Quar"ter (?), v. i. To lodge; to have a temporary residence.

Quarter

Quar"ter, v. i. [F. cartayer.] To drive a carriage so as to prevent the wheels from going into the ruts, or so that a rut shall be between the wheels.
Every creature that met us would rely on us for quartering. De Quincey.

Quarterage

Quar"ter*age (?), n. A quarterly allowance.

Quarter-deck

Quar"ter-deck` (?), n. (Naut.) That part of the upper deck abaft the mainmast, including the poop deck when there is one. &hand; The quarter-deck is reserved as a promenade for the officers and (in passenger vessels) for the cabin passengers.

Quarterfoil

Quar"ter*foil` (?), n. [Quarier + foil: cf. F. quatre.] (Arch.) An ornamental foliation having four lobes, or foils.

Quarterhung

Quar"ter*hung` (?), a. (Ordnance) Having trunnions the axes of which lie below the bore; -- said of a cannon.

Quartering

Quar"ter*ing, a.

1. (Naut.) Coming from a point well abaft the beam, but not directly astern; -- said of waves or any moving object.

2. (Mach.) At right angles, as the cranks of a locomotive, which are in planes forming a right angle with each other.

Quartering

Quar"ter*ing, n.

1. A station. [Obs.] Bp. Montagu.

2. Assignment of quarters for soldiers; quarters.

3. (Her.) (a) The division of a shield containing different coats of arms into four or more compartments. (b) One of the different coats of arms arranged upon an escutcheon, denoting the descent of the bearer.

4. (Arch.) A series of quarters, or small upright posts. See Quarter, n., 1 (m) (Arch.) Gwilt. Quartering block, a block on which the body of a condemned criminal was quartered. Macaulay.

Quarterly

Quar"ter*ly, a.

1. Containing, or consisting of, a fourth part; as, quarterly seasons.

2. Recurring during, or at the end of, each quarter; as, quarterly payments of rent; a quarterly meeting.

Quarterly

Quar"ter*ly, n.; pl. Quarterlies (. A periodical work published once a quarter, or four times in a year.

Quarterly

Quar"ter*ly, adv.

1. By quarters; once in a quarter of a year; as, the returns are made quarterly.

2. (Her.) In quarters, or quarterings; as, to bear arms quarterly; in four or more parts; -- said of a shield thus divided by lines drawn through it at right angles.

Quartermaster

Quar"ter*mas`ter (?), n. [Quarter + master: cf. F. quartier-ma\'8ctre.]

1. (Mil.) An officer whose duty is to provide quarters, provisions, storage, clothing, fuel, stationery, and transportation for a regiment or other body of troops, and superintend the supplies.

2. (Naut.) A petty officer who attends to the helm, binnacle, signals, and the like, under the direction of the master. Totten. Quartermaster general (Mil.), in the United States a staff officer, who has the rank of brigadier general and is the chief officer in the quartermaster's department; in England, an officer of high rank stationed at the War Office having similar duties; also, a staff officer, usually a general officer, accompanying each complete army in the field. -- Quartermaster sergeant. See Sergeant.

Quartern

Quar"tern (?), n.[OE. quarteroun, quartron, F. quarteron, the fourth part of a pound, or of a hundred; cf. L. quartarius a fourth part, quarter of any measure, quartern, gill. See Quarter, and cf. Quarteron, Quadroon.]

1. A quarter. Specifically: (a) The fourth part of a pint; a gill. (b) The fourth part of a peck, or of a stone (14 ibs.).

2. A loaf of bread weighing about four pounds; -- called also quartern loaf. Simmonds.

Quarteron

Quar"ter*on (?), n. [F. See Quartern.] A quarter; esp., a quarter of a pound, or a quarter of a hundred. Piers Plowman.

Quarteron, Quarteroon

Quar"ter*on (?), Quar"ter*oon (?), n. A quadroon.

Quarterpace

Quar"ter*pace` (?), n. (Arch.) A platform of a staircase where the stair turns at a right angle only. See Halfpace.

Quarter round

Quar"ter round` (?). (Arch.) An ovolo.

Quarterstaff

Quar"ter*staff` (?), n.; pl. Quarterstaves (. A long and stout staff formerly used as a weapon of defense and offense; -- so called because in holding it one hand was placed in the middle, and the other between the middle and the end.

Quartet, Quartette

Quar*tet", Quar*tette" (?), n. [It. quartetto, dim. of quarto the fourth, a fourth part, fr. L. quartus the fourth. See Quart.]

1. (Mus.) (a) A composition in four parts, each performed by a single voice or instrument. (b) The set of four person who perform a piece of music in four parts.

2. (Poet.) A stanza of four lines.

Quartic

Quar"tic (?), a. [L.quartus fourth.] (Mach.) Of the fourth degree.

Quartic

Quar"tic (?), n. (a) (Alg.) A quantic of the fourth degree. See Quantic. (b) (Geom.) A curve or surface whose equation is of the fourth degree in the variables.

Quartile

Quar"tile (?), n. [F.quartile aspect, fr. L. quartus the fourth. See Quart.] (Astrol.) Same as Quadrate.

Quartine

Quar"tine (?), n. [F., fr. L. quartus the fourth.] (Bot.) A supposed fourth integument of an ovule, counting from the outside.

Quarto

Quar"to (?), a. [L. in quarto in fourth, from quartus the fourth: cf. F. (in) quarto. See Quart.] Having four leaves to the sheet; of the form or size of a quarto.

Quarto

Quar"to, n.; pl. Quartos (. Originally, a book of the size of the fourth of sheet of printing paper; a size leaves; in present usage, a book of a square or nearly square form, and usually of large size.

Quartridge

Quar"tridge (?), n. Quarterage. [Obs.]

Quartz

Quartz (?), n. [G. quarz.] (Min.) A form of silica, or silicon dioxide (SiO2), occurring in hexagonal crystals, which are commonly colorless and transparent, but sometimes also yellow, brown, purple, green, and of other colors; also in cryptocrystalline massive forms varying in color and degree of transparency, being sometimes opaque. &hand; The crystalline varieties include: amethyst, violet; citrine and false topaz, pale yellow; rock crystal, transparent and colorless or nearly so; rose quartz, rosecolored; smoky quartz, smoky brown. The chief crypto-crystalline varieties are: agate, a chalcedony in layers or clouded with different colors, including the onyx and sardonyx; carnelian and sard, red or flesh-colored chalcedony; chalcedony, nearly white, and waxy in luster; chrysoprase, an apple-green chalcedony; flint, hornstone, basanite, or touchstone, brown to black in color and compact in texture; heliotrope, green dotted with red; jasper, opaque, red yellow, or brown, colored by iron or ferruginous clay; prase, translucent and dull leek-green. Quartz is an essential constituent of granite, and abounds in rocks of all ages. It forms the rocks quartzite (quartz rock) and sandstone, and makes most of the sand of the seashore.

Quartziferous

Quartz*if"er*ous (?), a. [Quartz + -ferous.] (Min.) Consisting chiefly of quartz; containing quartz.

Quartzite

Quartz"ite (?), n. [Cf. F. quartzite.] (Min.) Massive quartz occurring as a rock; a metamorphosed sandstone; -- called also quartz rock.

Quartzoid

Quartz"oid (?), n. [Quartz + -oid.] (Crystallog.) A form of crystal common with quartz, consisting of two six-sided pyramids, base to base.

Quartzose

Quartz"ose` (?), a. [Cf. F. quartzeux, G. quarzig.] (Min.) Containing, or resembling, quartz; partaking of the nature or qualities of quartz.

quartzous

quartz"ous (?), a. (Min.) Quarzose.

Quartzy

Quartz"y (?), a. (Min.) Quartzose.

Quas

Quas (?), n. A kind of beer. Same as Quass.

Quaschi, Quasje

Quas"chi (?), Quas"je (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The brown coati. See Coati.

Quash

Quash (?), n. Same as Squash.

Quash

Quash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quashing.] [OF. quasser, F. casser, fr. L. cassare to annihilate, annul, fr. cassus empty, vain, of uncertain origin. The word has been confused with L.quassare to shake, F. casser to break, which is probably of different origin. Cf. Cashier, v. t.] (Law) To abate, annul, overthrow, or make void; as, to quash an indictment. Blackstone.

Quash

Quash, v. t. [OF. quasser, F. casser, fr. L. quassare to shake, shatter, shiver, v. intens. fr. quatere, quassum, to shake, shatter. Cf. Concussion, Discuss, Rescue, and also Quash to annul.]

1. To beat down, or beat in pieces; to dash forcibly; to crush.

The whales Against sharp rocks, like reeling vessels, quashed, Though huge as mountains, are in pieces dashed. Waller.

2. To crush; to subdue; to suppress or extinguish summarily and completely; as, to quash a rebellion.

Contrition is apt to quash or allay all worldly grief. Barrow.

Quash

Quash, v. i. To be shaken, or dashed about, with noise.

Quashee

Quash"ee (?), n. A negro of the West Indies.

Quasi

Qua"si (?). [L.] As if; as though; as it were; in a manner sense or degree; having some resemblance to; qualified; -- used as an adjective, or a prefix with a noun or an adjective; as, a quasi contract, an implied contract, an obligation which has arisen from some act, as if from a contract; a quasi corporation, a body that has some, but not all, of the peculiar attributes of a corporation; a quasi argument, that which resembles, or is used as, an argument; quasi historical, apparently historical, seeming to be historical.

Quasimodo

Quas`i*mo"do (?), n. [So called from the first words of the Latin introit, quasi modo geniti infantes as newborn babes, 1 Pet. ii. 2.] (R. C. Ch.) The first Sunday after Easter; Low Sunday.

Quass

Quass (?), n. [Russ. kvas'.] A thin, sour beer, made by pouring warm water on rye or barley meal and letting it ferment, -- much used by the Russians. [written also quas.]

Quassation

Quas*sa"tion (?), n. [L. quassatio, from quassare to shake. See Quash to crush.] The act of shaking, or the state of being shaken. Gayton.

Quassia

Quas"si*a (?), n. [NL. From the name of a negro, Quassy, or Quash, who prescribed this article as a specific.] The wood of several tropical American trees of the order Simarube\'91, as Quassia amara, Picr\'91na excelsa, and Simaruba amara. It is intensely bitter, and is used in medicine and sometimes as a substitute for hops in making beer.

Quassin

Quas"sin (?), n. [Cf. F. quassine. See Quassia.] (Chem.) The bitter principle of quassia, extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- formerly called quassite. [Written also quass\'c6in, and quassine.]

Quat

Quat (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (a) A pustule. [Obs.] (b) An annoying, worthless person. Shak.

Quat

Quat, v. t. To satiate; to satisfy. [Prov. Eng.]

Quata

Qua"ta (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The coaita.

Quatch

Quatch (?), a. Squat; flat. [Obs.] Shak.

Quater-cousin

Qua"ter-cous`in (?), n. [F. quatre four + cousin, E. cousin.] A cousin within the first four degrees of kindred.

Quaternary

Qua*ter"na*ry (?), a. [L. quaternarius consisting of four each, containing four, fr. quaterni four each, fr. quattuor four: cf. F. quaternaire. See Four.]

1. Consisting of four; by fours, or in sets of four.

2. (Geol.) Later than, or subsequent to, the Tertiary; Post-tertiary; as, the Quaternary age, or Age of man.

Quaternary

Qua*ter"na*ry, n. [L. numerus quaternarius: cf. F. quaternaire.]

1. The number four. Boyle.

2. (Geol.) The Quaternary age, era, or formation. See the Chart of Geology.

Quaternate

Qua*ter"nate (?), a. Composed of, or arranged in, sets of four; quaternary; as, quaternate leaves.

Quaternion

Qua*ter"ni*on (?), n. [L. quaternio, fr.quaterni four each. See Quaternary.]

1. The number four. [Poetic]

2. A set of four parts, things, or person; four things taken collectively; a group of four words, phrases, circumstances, facts, or the like.

Delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers. Acts xii. 4.
Ye elements, the eldest birth Of Nature's womb, that in quaternion run. Milton.
The triads and quaternions with which he loaded his sentences. Sir W. Scott.

3. A word of four syllables; a quadrisyllable.

4. (Math.) The quotient of two vectors, or of two directed right lines in space, considered as depending on four geometrical elements, and as expressible by an algebraic symbol of quadrinomial form. &hand; The science or calculus of quaternions is a new mathematical method, in which the conception of a quaternion is unfolded and symbolically expressed, and is applied to various classes of algebraical, geometrical, and physical questions, so as to discover theorems, and to arrive at the solution of problems. Sir W. R. Hamilton.

Quaternion

Qua*ter"ni*on, v. t. To divide into quaternions, files, or companies. Milton.

Quaternity

Qua*ter"ni*ty (?), n. [LL.quaternitas, fr. L. quaterni four each: cf. F. quaternit\'82.]

1. The number four. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. The union of four in one, as of four persons; -- analogous to the theological term trinity.

Quateron

Qua"ter*on (?), n. See 2d Quarteron.

Quatorzain

Qua*torz"ain (?), n. [See Quatorze.] A poem of fourteen lines; a sonnet. R. H. Stoddard.

Quatorze

Qua*torze" (?), n. [F. quatorze fourteen, L. quattuordecim. See Fourteen.] The four aces, kings, queens, knaves, or tens, in the game of piquet; -- so called because quatorze counts as fourteen points.

Quatrain

Quat"rain (?), n. [F., fr. quatre four, L. quattuor, quatuor. See Four.] (Pros.) A stanza of four lines rhyming alternately. Dryden.

Quatre

Qua"tre (?), n. [F.] A card, die. or domino, having four spots, or pips

Quatrefeuille, Quatrefoil

Qua"tre*feuille (?), Qua"tre*foil (?), n. [F. quatre feuilles.] Same as Quarterfoil.

Quatuor

Quat"u*or (?), n. [F., fr. L. quattuor, quatuor, four. See Quartet.] (Mus.) A quartet; -- applied chiefly to instrumental compositions.

Quave

Quave (?), n. See Quaver. [Obs.]

Quave

Quave, v. i. To quaver. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Quavemire

Quave"mire` (?), n. See Quagmire. [Obs.]

Quaver

Qua"ver, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quavered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quavering.] [OE. quaven to shake, to tremble; cf. LG. quabbeln to shake, to be soft, of fat substances, quabbe a fat lump of flesh, a dewlap, D. kwabbe, and E. quiver, v.]

1. To tremble; to vibrate; to shake. Sir I. Newton.

2. Especially, to shake the voice; to utter or form sound with rapid or tremulous vibrations, as in singing; also, to trill on a musical instrument

Quaver

Qua"ver, v. t. To utter with quavers.
We shall hear her quavering them . . . to some sprightly airs of the opera. Addison.

Quaver

Qua"ver, n.

1. A shake, or rapid and tremulous vibration, of the voice, or of an instrument of music.

2. (Mus.) An eighth note. See Eighth.

Quaverer

Qua"ver*er (?), n. One who quavers; a warbler.

Quay

Quay (?), n. [F. quai. See Key quay.] A mole, bank, or wharf, formed toward the sea, or at the side of a harbor, river, or other navigable water, for convenience in loading and unloading vessels. [Written also key.]

Quay

Quay (?), v. t. To furnish with quays.

Quayage

Quay"age (?), n. [F.] Wharfage. [Also keyage.]

Quayd

Quayd (?), p. p. of Quail. [Obs.] Spenser.

Que

Que (?), n. [Cf. 3d Cue.] A half farthing. [Obs.]

Queach

Queach (?), n. [Cf. Quick.] A thick, bushy plot; a thicket. [Obs.] Chapman.

Queach

Queach, v. i. [Cf. E. quich, v. i., quick, v. i.; or AS. cweccan to shake.] To stir; to move. See Quick, v. i. [Obs.]

Queachy

Queach"y (?), a.

1. Yielding or trembling under the feet, as moist or boggy ground; shaking; moving. "The queachy fens." "Godwin's queachy sands." Drayton.

2. Like a queach; thick; bushy. [Obs.] Cockeram.

Quean

Quean (?), n. [Originally, a woman, AS. cwene; akin to OS. quena, OHG. quena, Icel. kona, Goth qin, and AS. cw\'82n, also to Gr. gn\'be goddess. Cf. Queen.]

1. A woman; a young or unmarried woman; a girl. [Obs. or Scot.] Chaucer.

2. A low woman; a wench; a slut. "The dread of every scolding quean." Gay.

Queasily

Quea"si*ly (?), adv. In a queasy manner.

Queasiness

Quea"si*ness, n. The state of being queasy; nausea; qualmishness; squeamishness. Shak.
Page 1176

Queasy

Quea"sy (?), a. [Icel. kweisa pain; cf. Norw. kveis sickness after a debauch.]

1. Sick at the stomach; affected with nausea; inclined to vomit; qualmish.

2. Fastidious; squeamish; delicate; easily disturbed; unsettled; ticklish. " A queasy question." Shak.

Some seek, when queasy conscience has its qualms. Cowper.

Quebec group

Que*bec" group` (?). (Geol.) The middle of the three groups into which the rocks of the Canadian period have been divided in the American Lower Silurian system. See the Chart of Geology.

Quebracho

Que*bra"cho (?), n. [Sp.] (Bot.) A Chilian apocynaceous tree (Aspidosperma Quebracho); also, its bark, which is used as a febrifuge, and for dyspn&oe;a of the lung, or bronchial diseases; -- called also white quebracho, to distinguish it from the red quebracho, a Mexican anacardiaceous tree (Loxopterygium Lorentzii) whose bark is said to have similar properties. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).

Quebrith

Queb"rith (?), n. [OE. quebrit, quibrith, Ar. kibr\'c6t.] (Alchemy) Sulphur. [Obs.]

Quech, Queck

Quech (?), Queck (?), v. i. [Cf. Quick, Queach.] A word occurring in a corrupt passage of Bacon's Essays, and probably meaning, to stir, to move.

Queen

Queen (?), n. [OE. quen, quene, queen, quean, AS. cw&emac;n wife, queen, woman; akin to OS. qu\'ben wife, woman, Icel. kv\'ben wife, queen, Goth. q&emac;ns. &root;221. See Quean.]

1. The wife of a king.

2. A woman who is the sovereign of a kingdom; a female monarch; as, Elizabeth, queen of England; Mary, queen of Scots.

In faith, and by the heaven's quene. Chaucer.

3. A woman eminent in power or attractions; the highest of her kind; as, a queen in society; -- also used figuratively of cities, countries, etc. " This queen of cities." " Albion, queen of isles." Cowper.

4. The fertile, or fully developed, female of social bees, ants, and termites.

5

5, (Chess) The most powerful, and except the king the most important, piece in a set of chessmen.

6. A playing card bearing the picture of a queen; as, the queen of spades. <-- 7. A male homosexual, esp. one who is effeminate or dresses in women's clothing. Sometimes pejorative. --> Queen apple. [Cf. OE. quyne aple quince apple.] A kind of apple; a queening. "Queen apples and red cherries." Spenser. -- Queen bee (Zo\'94l.), a female bee, especially the female of the honeybee. See Honeybee.<-- the fully developed female in a colony of bees, ants, or termites which lays eggs. Usually there is only one in a colony; the queen is often somewhat larger than other bees, and is specially fed to develop her egg-laying capacity. (b) (Fig.) A woman who feels and acts as though she is of special importance. Usu. pejorative. --> -- Queen conch (Zo\'94l.), a very large West Indian cameo conch (Cassis cameo). It is much used for making cameos. -- Queen consort, the wife of a reigning king. Blackstone. -- Queen dowager, the widow of a king. -- Queen gold, formerly a revenue of the queen consort of England, arising from gifts, fines, etc. -- Queen mother, a queen dowager who is also mother of the reigning king or queen. -- Queen of May. See May queen, under May. -- Queen of the meadow (Bot.), a European herbaceous plant (Spir\'91a Ulmaria). See Meadowsweet. -- Queen of the prairie (Bot.), an American herb (Spir\'91a lobata) with ample clusters of pale pink flowers. -- Queen pigeon (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of very large and handsome crested ground pigeons of the genus Goura, native of New Guinea and the adjacent islands. They are mostly pale blue, or ash-blue, marked with white, and have a large occipital crest of spatulate feathers. Called also crowned pigeon, goura, and Victoria pigeon. -- Queen regent, ∨ Queen regnant, a queen reigning in her own right. -- Queen's Bench. See King's Bench. -- Queen's counsel, Queen's evidence. See King's counsel, King's evidence, under King. -- Queen's delight (Bot.), an American plant (Stillinqia sylvatica) of the Spurge family, having an herbaceous stem and a perennial woody root. -- Queen's metal (Metal.), an alloy somewhat resembling pewter or britannia, and consisting essentially of tin with a slight admixture of antimony, bismuth, and lead or copper. -- Queen's pigeon. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Queen pigeon, above. -- Queen's ware, glazed English earthenware of a cream color. -- Queen's yellow (Old Chem.), a heavy yellow powder consisting of a basic mercuric sulphate; -- formerly called turpetum minerale, or Turbith's mineral.

Queen

Queen, v. i. To act the part of a queen. Shak.

Queen

Queen, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Queened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Queening.] (Chess.) To make a queen (or other piece, at the player's discretion) of by moving it to the eighth row; as, to queen a pawn.

Queencraft

Queen"craft` (?), n. Craft or skill in policy on the part of a queen.
Elizabeth showed much queencraft in procuring the votes of the nobility. Fuller.

Queendom

Queen"dom (?), n. The dominion, condition, or character of a queen. Mrs. Browning.

Queenfish

Queen"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A California sci\'91noid food fish (Seriphys politus). The back is bluish, and the sides and belly bright silvery. Called also kingfish.

Queenhood

Queen"hood (?), n. The state, personality, or character of a queen; queenliness. Tennyson.

Queening

Queen"ing (?), n. [See Queen apple.] (Bot.) Any one of several kinds of apples, as summer queening, scarlet queening, and early queening. An apple called the queening was cultivated in England two hundred years ago.

Queenliness

Queen"li*ness (?), n. The quality of being queenly; the; characteristic of a queen; stateliness; eminence among women in attractions or power.

Queenly

Queen"ly, a. [AS. cw&emac;nlic feminine.] Like, becoming, or suitable to, a queen.

Oueen-post

Oueen"-post` (?), n. [Arch.] One of two suspending posts in a roof truss, or other framed truss of similar form. See King-post.

Queenship

Queen"ship, n. The state, rank, or dignity of a queen.

Queensland nut

Queens"land nut` (?). (Bot.) The nut of an Australian tree (Macadamia ternifolia). It is about an inch in diameter, and contains a single round edible seed, or sometimes two hemispherical seeds. So called from Queensland in Australia.

Queen truss

Queen" truss (?). (Arch.) A truss framed with queen-posts; a queen-post truss.

Queer

Queer (?), a. [Compar. Queerer (?); superl. Queerest.] [G. quer cross, oblique, athwart (cf. querkopf a queer fellow), OHG. twer, twerh, dwerah; akin to D. dvars, AS, þweorh thwart, bent, twisted, Icel. þverr thwart, transverse, Goth. þwa\'8drhs angry, and perh. to L. torqyere to twist, and E. through. Cf. Torture, Through, Thwart, a.]

1. At variance with what is usual or normal; differing in some odd way from what is ordinary; odd; singular; strange; whimsical; as, a queer story or act. " A queer look." W. Irving.

2. Mysterious; suspicious; questionable; as, a queer transaction. [Colloq.]

Queer

Queer, n. Counterfeit money. [Slang] To shove the queer, to put counterfeit money in circulation. [Slang]

Queerish

Queer"ish, a. Rather queer; somewhat singular.

Queerly

Queer"ly, adv. In a queer or odd manner.

Queerness

Queer"ness, n. The quality or state of being queer.

Queest

Queest (?), n. [Cf. Icel. kvisa a kind of bird, kvistr a branch of a tree, and E. cushat.] (Zo\'94l.) The European ringdove (Columba palumbus); the cushat. [Written also quist, queeze, quice, queece.] See Ringdove.

Quegh

Quegh (?), n. A drinking vessel. See Quaich.

Queint

Queint (?), a. See Quaint. [Obs.]

Queint

Queint, obs. imp. & p. p. of Quench. Chaucer.

Queintise

Queint"ise (?), n. See Quaintise. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Quell

Quell (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quelled (; p. pr. & vb. n. Quelling.] [See Quail to cower.]

1. To die. [Obs.]

Yet he did quake and quaver, like to quell. Spenser.

2. To be subdued or abated; to yield; to abate. [R.]

Winter's wrath begins to quell. Spenser.

Quell

Quell, v. t. [OE. quellen to kill, AS. cwellan, causative of cwelan to die; akin to OHG. quellen to torment, Icel. kvelja. See Quail to cower.]

1. To take the life of; to kill. [Obs.] Spenser.

The ducks cried as [if] men would them quelle. Chaucer.

2. To overpower; to subdue; to put down.

The nation obeyed the call, rallied round the sovereign, and enabled him to quell the disaffected minority. Macaulay.
Northward marching to quell the sudden revolt. Longfellow.

3. To quiet; to allay; to pacify; to cause to yield or cease; as, to quell grief; to quell the tumult of the soul.

Much did his words the gentle lady quell. Spenser.
Syn. -- to subdue; crush; overpower; reduce; put down; repress; suppress; quiet; allay; calm; pacify.

Quell

Quell, n. Murder. [Obs.] Shak.

Queller

Quell"er (?), n.

1. A killer; as, Jack the Giant Queller. [Obs.] Wyclif (Mark vi. 27).

2. One who quells; one who overpowers or subdues.

Quellio

Quel"li*o (?), n. [Sp. cuello, L. collum neck.] A ruff for the neck. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Quelquechose

Quelque"chose` (?), n. [F. quelque chose something.] A trifle; a kickshaw. Donne.

Queme

Queme (?), v. t. & i. [AS. cw&emac;man, akin to cuman to come. &root;23.] To please. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Quemeful

Queme"ful (?), a. Kindly; merciful. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Quench

Quench (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quenched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quenching.] [OE. quenchen, AS. cwencan in \'becwencan, to extinguish utterly, causative of cwincan, \'becwincan, to decrease, disappear; cf. AS. cw\'c6nan, \'becw\'c6nan, to waste or dwindle away.]

1. To extinguish; to overwhelm; to make an end of; -- said of flame and fire, of things burning, and figuratively of sensations and emotions; as, to quench flame; to quench a candle; to quench thirst, love, hate, etc.

Ere our blood shall quench that fire. Shak.
The supposition of the lady's death Will quench the wonder of her infamy. Shak.

2. To cool suddenly, as heated steel, in tempering. Syn. -- To extinguish; still; stifle; allay; cool; check.

Quench

Quench, v. i. To become extinguished; to go out; to become calm or cool. [R.]
Dost thou think in time She will not quench! Shak.

Quenchable

Quench"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being quenched.

Quencher

Quench"er (?), n. One who, or that which, quenches. Hammond.

Quenchless

Quench"less, a. Incapable of being quenched; inextinguishable; as, quenchless fire or fury. "Once kindled, quenchless evermore." Byron. Syn. -- Inextinguishable; unquenchable. -- Quench"less*ly, adv. -- Quench"less*ness, n.

Quenelle

Que*nelle" (?), n. [F.] (Cookery) A kind of delicate forcemeat, commonly poached and used as a dish by itself or for garnishing.

Quenouille training

Que*nouille train"ing (?). [F. quenouille distaff.] (Hort.) A method of training trees or shrubs in the shape of a cone or distaff by tying down the branches and pruning.

Quercitannic

Quer`ci*tan"nic (?), a. [L. quercus an oak + E. tannic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a tannic acid found in oak bark and extracted as a yellowish brown amorphous substance.

Quercite

Quer"cite (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline substance, C6H7(OH)5, found in acorns, the fruit of the oak (Quercus). It has a sweet taste, and is regarded as a pentacid alcohol.

Quercitin

Quer"ci*tin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline substance, occurring quite widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom, as is apple-tree bark, horse-chestnut leaves, etc., but originally obtained by the decomposition of quercitrin. Called also meletin.

Quercitrin

Quer"cit*rin (?), n. [Cf. F. quercitrin. See Quercitron.] (Chem.) A glucoside extracted from the bark of the oak (Quercus) as a bitter citron-yellow crystalline substance, used as a pigment and called quercitron.

Quercitron

Quer"cit*ron (?), n. [F. quercitron, the name of the name of tree; L. quercus an oak + citrus the citron tree.]

1. The yellow inner bark of the Quercus tinctoria, the American black oak, yellow oak, dyer's oak, or quercitron oak, a large forest tree growing from Maine to eastern Texas.

2. Quercitrin, used as a pigment. See Quercitrin.

Quercus

Quer"cus (?), n. [L., an oak.] (Bot.) A genus of trees constituted by the oak. See Oak.

Querele

Quer"ele (?), n. [See 2d Quarrel.] (O. Eng. Law) A complaint to a court. See Audita Querela. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

Querent

Que"rent (?), n. [L. querens, p. pr. of queri to complain.] (O. Eng. Law) A complainant; a plaintiff.

Querent

Que"rent, n. [L. quaerens, p. pr. of quaerere to search for, to inquire.] An inquirer. [Obs.] Aubrey.

Quermonious

Quer`*mo"ni*ous (?), a. [L. querimonia a complaint, fr. queri to complain. See Querulous.] Complaining; querulous; apt to complain. -- Quer`i*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. -- Quer`i*mo"ni*ous*ness, n.

Querimony

Quer"i*mo*ny (?), n. [L. querimonia.] A complaint or complaining. [Obs.] E. Hall.

Querist

Que"rist (?), n. [See Query.] One who inquires, or asks questions. Swift.

Querken

Querk"en (?), v. t. [Icel. kverk throat. To stifle or choke. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Querl

Querl (?), v. t. [G. querlen, quirlen, to twirl, to turn round, fr. querl, querl, a twirling stick. Cf. Twirl.] To twirl; to turn or wind round; to coil; as, to querl a cord, thread, or rope. [Local, U.S.]

Querl

Querl, n. A coil; a twirl; as, the qwerl of hair on the fore leg of a blooded horse. [Local, U. S.]

Quern

Quern (?), n. [AS. cweorn, cwyrn; akin to D. kweern, OHG. quirn, Icel. kvern, Sw. qvarn, Dan. qu\'91rn, Goth. qairnus (in asiluqa\'a1rnus), Lith. q\'8drnos, and perh. E. corn.] A mill for grinding grain, the upper stone of which was turned by hand; -- used before the invention of windmills and watermills. Shak.
They made him at the querne grind. Chaucer.

Querpo

Quer"po (?), n. The inner or body garments taken together. See Cuerpo. Dryden.

Querquedule

Quer"que*dule (?), n. [L. querquedula.] (Zool.) (a) A teal. (b) The pintail duck.

Querry

Quer"ry (?), n. A groom; an equerry. [Obs.]

Querulential

Quer`u*len"tial (?), a. Querulous. [R.]

Querulous

Quer"u*lous (?), a. [L. querulus and querulosus, fr. queri to complain. Cf. Cry, v., Quarrel a brawl, Quarrelous.]

1. Given to quarreling; quarrelsome. [Obs.] land.

2. Apt to find fault; habitually complaining; disposed to murmur; as, a querulous man or people.

Enmity can hardly be more annoying that querulous, jealous, exacting fondness. Macaulay.

3. Expressing complaint; fretful; whining; as, a querulous tone of voice. Syn. -- Complaining; bewailing; lamenting; whining; mourning; murmuring; discontented; dissatisfied. -- Quer"u*lous*ly, adv. -- Quer"u*lous*ness, n.

Query

Que"ry (?), n.; pl. Queries (#). [L. quaere, imperative sing. of quaerere, quaesitum to seek or search for, to ask, inquire. Cf. Acquire, Conquer, Exquisite, Quest, Require.]

1. A question; an inquiry to be answered or solved.

I shall conclude with proposing only some queries, in order to a . . . search to be made by others. Sir I. Newton.

2. A question in the mind; a doubt; as, I have a query about his sincerity.

3. An interrogation point [?] as the sign of a question or a doubt.

Query

Que"ry, v. i.

1. To ask questions; to make inquiry.

Each prompt to query, answer, and debate. Pope.

2. To have a doubt; as, I query if he is right.

Query

Que"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Queried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Querying.]

1. To put questions about; to elicit by questioning; to inquire into; as, to query the items or the amount; to query the motive or the fact.

2. To address questions to; to examine by questions.

3. To doubt of; to regard with incredulity.

4. To write " query" (qu., qy., or ?) against, as a doubtful spelling, or sense, in a proof. See Qu\'91re.

Quesal

Que*sal" (?), n (Zo\'94l.) The long-tailed, or resplendent, trogon (Pharomachus mocinno, formerly Trogon resplendens), native of Southern Mexico and Central America. Called alsoquetzal, and golden trogon. &hand; The male is remarkable for the brilliant metallic green and gold colors of his plumage, and for his extremely long plumes, which often exceed three feet in length.<-- The feathers were valued as part of the dress of Inca kings -->
Page 1177

Quest

Quest (?), n. [OF. queste, F. qu\'88te, fr. L. quaerere, quaesitum, to seek for, to ask. Cf. Query, Question.]

1. The act of seeking, or looking after anything; attempt to find or obtain; search; pursuit; as, to rove in quest of game, of a lost child, of property, etc.

Upon an hard adventure yet in quest. Spenser.
Cease your quest of love. Shak.
There ended was his quest, there ceased his care. Milton.

2. Request; desire; solicitation.

Gad not abroad at every quest and call Of an untrained hope or passion. Herbert.

3. Those who make search or inquiry, taken collectively.

The senate hath sent about three several quests to search you out. Shak.

4. Inquest; jury of inquest.

What lawful quest have given their verdict ? Shak.

Quest

Quest, v. t. [Cf. OF. quester, F. qu\'88ter. See Quest, n.] To search for; to examine. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.

Quest

Quest, v. i. To go on a quest; to make a search; to go in pursuit; to beg. [R.]
If his questing had been unsuccessful, he appeased the rage of hunger with some scraps of broken meat. Macaulay.

Questant

Quest"ant (?), n. [OF. questant, F. gu\'88tant, p. pr.] One who undertakes a quest; a seeker. [Obs.] Shak.

Quester

Quest"er (?), n. One who seeks; a seeker. [Obs.]

Question

Ques"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. quaestio, fr. quaerere, quaesitum, to seek for, ask, inquire. See Quest, n.]

1. The act of asking; interrogation; inquiry; as, to examine by question and answer.

2. Discussion; debate; hence, objection; dispute; doubt; as, the story is true beyond question; he obeyed without question.

There arose a question between some of John's disciples and the Jews about purifying. John iii. 25.
It is to be to question, whether it be lawful for Christian princes to make an invasive war simply for the propagation of the faith. Bacon.

3. Examination with reference to a decisive result; investigation; specifically, a judicial or official investigation; also, examination under torture. Blackstone.

He that was in question for the robbery. Shak. The Scottish privy council had power to put state prisoners to the question. Macaulay.

4. That which is asked; inquiry; interrogatory; query.

But this question asked Puts me in doubt. Lives there who loves his pain ? Milton.

5. Hence, a subject of investigation, examination, or debate; theme of inquiry; matter to be inquired into; as, a delicate or doubtful question.

6. Talk; conversation; speech; speech.[Obs.] Shak. In question, in debate; in the course of examination or discussion; as, the matter or point in question. -- Leading question. See under Leading. -- Out of question, unquestionably. "Out of question, 't is Maria's hand." Shak. -- Out of the question. See under Out. -- Past question, beyond question; certainly; undoubtedly; unquestionably. -- Previous question, a question put to a parliamentary assembly upon the motion of a member, in order to ascertain whether it is the will of the body to vote at once, without further debate, on the subject under consideration. The form of the question is: "Shall the main question be now put?" If the vote is in the affirmative, the matter before the body must be voted upon as it then stands, without further general debate or the submission of new amendments. In the House of Representatives of the United States, and generally in America, a negative decision operates to keep the business before the body as if the motion had not been made; but in the English Parliament, it operates to postpone consideration for the day, and until the subject may be again introduced. In American practice, the object of the motion is to hasten action, and it is made by a friend of the measure. In English practice, the object is to get rid of the subject for the time being, and the motion is made with a purpose of voting against it. Cushing. -- To beg the question. See under Beg. -- To the question, to the point in dispute; to the real matter under debate. Syn. -- Point; topic; subject.

Question

Ques"tion, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Questioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Questioning.] [Cf. F. questionner. See Question, n.]

1. To ask questions; to inquire.

He that questioneth much shall lean much. Bacon.

2. To argue; to converse; to dispute. [Obs.]

I pray you, think you question with the Jew. Shak.

Question

Ques"tion, v. t.

1. To inquire of by asking questions; to examine by interrogatories; as, to question a witness.

2. To doubt of; to be uncertain of; to query.

And most we question what we most desire. Prior.

3. To raise a question about; to call in question; to make objection to. "But have power and right to question thy bold entrance on this place." Milton.

4. To talk to; to converse with.

With many holiday and lady terms he questioned me. Shak.
Syn. -- To ask; interrogate; catechise; doubt; controvert; dispute. -- Question, Inquire, Interrogate. To inquire is merely to ask for information, and implies no authority in the one who asks. To interrogate is to put repeated questions in a formal or systematic fashion to elicit some particular fact or facts. To question has a wider sense than to interrogate, and often implies an attitude of distrust or opposition on the part of the questioner.

Questionability

Ques`tion*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or condition of being questionable. Stallo.

Questionable

Ques"tion*a*ble (?), a.

1. Admitting of being questioned; inviting, or seeming to invite, inquiry. [R.]

Thou com'st in such a questionable shape That I will speak to thee. Shak.

2. Liable to question; subject to be doubted or called in question; problematical; doubtful; suspicious.

It is questionable whether Galen ever saw the dissection of a human body.T. Baker.
Syn. -- Disputable; debatable; uncertain; doubtful; problematical; suspicious.

Questionableness

Ques"tion*a*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being questionable, doubtful, or suspicious.

Questionably

Ques"tion*a*bly, adv. In a questionable manner.

Questionary

Ques"tion*a*ry (?), a. Inquiring; asking questions; testing. "Questionary epistles." Pope.

Questionary

Ques"tion*a*ry, n. One who makes it his business to seek after relics and carry them about for sale.

Questioner

Ques"tion*er (?), n. One who asks questions; an inquirer. "Little time for idle questioners." Tennyson.

Questionist

Ques"tion*ist, n.

1. A questioner; an inquirer. [Obs.]

2. (Eng. Univ.) A candidate for honors or degrees who is near the time of his examination.

Questionless

Ques"tion*less, a. Unquestioning; incurious. [R.]

Questionless

Ques"tion*less, adv. Beyond a question or doubt; doubtless; certainly.[R.] South.
What it was in the apostles' time, that, questionless, it must be still. Milton.

Questman

Quest"man (?), n.; pl. Questmen (. One legally empowered to make quest of certain matters, esp. of abuses of weights and measures. Specifically: (a) A churchwarden's assistant; a sidesman. Blount. [Obs.] (b) A collector of parish rents. Blount. [Obs.]

Questmonger

Quest"mon`ger (?), n. One who lays informations, and encourages petty lawsuits. [Obs.] Bacon.

Questor

Ques"tor (?), n. [L. quaestor, contr. fr. quaesitor, fr. quaerere, quaesitum, to seek for, ask: cf. F. questeur.] (Rom. Antiq.) An officer who had the management of the public treasure; a receiver of taxes, tribute, etc.; treasurer of state. [Written also qu\'91stor.] &hand; At an early period there were also public accusers styled questors, but the office was soon abolished.

Questorship

Ques"tor*ship, n. The office, or the term of office, of a questor.

Questrist

Quest"rist (?), n. [See Quest.] A seeker; a pursuer. [Obs.] "Hot questrists after him." Shak.

Questuary

Ques"tu*a*ry (?), a. [L. quaestuarius, from quaestus gain, profit, quaerere, quaesitum, to seek for, earn.] Studious of profit. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Questuary

Ques"tu*a*ry, n. One employed to collect profits. [R.] "The pope's questuaries." Jer. Taylor.

Quet

Quet (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The common guillemot. [Prov. Eng.]

Queue

Queue (?), n. [F. See Cue.] (a) A tail-like appendage of hair; a pigtail. (b) A line of persons waiting anywhere.

Queue

Queue, v. t. To fasten, as hair, in a queue.

Quey

Quey (?), n. [Cf. Dan. qvie.] A heifer. [Scot.]

Quib

Quib (?), n. [Cf. Quip.] A quip; a gibe.

Quibble

Quib"ble (?), n. [Probably fr. quib, quip, but influenced by quillet, or quiddity.]

1. A shift or turn from the point in question; a trifling or evasive distinction; an evasion; a cavil.

Quibbles have no place in the search after truth. I. Watts.

2. A pun; a low conceit.

Quibble

Quib"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quibbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quibbling (?).]

1. To evade the point in question by artifice, play upon words, caviling, or by raising any insignificant or impertinent question or point; to trifle in argument or discourse; to equivocate.

2. To pun; to practice punning. Cudworth. Syn. -- To cavil; shuffle; equivocate; trifle.

Quibbler

Quib"bler (?), n. One who quibbles; a caviler; also, a punster.

Quibblingly

Quib"bling*ly (?), adv. Triflingly; evasively.

Quica

Qui"ca (?), n. [From the native Brazilian name.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South American opossum (Didelphys quica), native of Guiana and Brazil. It feeds upon insects, small birds, and fruit.

Quice

Quice (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Queest.

Quich

Quich (?), v. i. [Cf. Quinch.] To stir. [Obs.]
He could not move nor quich at all. Spenser.

Quick

Quick (?), a. [Compar. Quicker (?); superl. Quickest.] [As. cwic, cwicu, cwucu, cucu, living; akin to OS. quik, D. kwik, OHG. quec, chec, G. keck bold, lively, Icel. kvikr living, Goth. qius, Lith. q&ymac;vas, Russ. zhivoi, L. vivus living, vivere to live, Gr. bi`os life, Skr. j\'c6va living, j\'c6v to live. Cf. Biography, Vivid, Quitch grass, Whitlow.]

1. Alive; living; animate; -- opposed to dead or inanimate.

Not fully quyke, ne fully dead they were. Chaucer.
The Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom. 2 Tim. iv. 1.
Man is no star, but a quick coal Of mortal fire. Herbert.
&hand; In this sense the word is nearly obsolete, except in some compounds, or in particular phrases.

2. Characterized by life or liveliness; animated; sprightly; agile; brisk; ready. " A quick wit." Shak.

3. Speedy; hasty; swift; not slow; as, be quick

Oft he her his charge of quick return Repeated. Milton.

4. Impatient; passionate; hasty; eager; eager; sharp; unceremonious; as, a quick temper.

The bishop was somewhat quick with them, and signified that he was much offended. Latimer.

5. Fresh; bracing; sharp; keen.

The air is quick there, And it pierces and sharpens the stomach. Shak.

6. Sensitive; perceptive in a high degree; ready; as, a quick ear. "To have an open ear, a quick eye." Shak.

They say that women are so quick. Tennyson.

7. Pregnant; with child. Shak. Quick grass. (Bot.) See Quitch grass. -- Quick match. See under Match. -- Quick vein (Mining), a vein of ore which is productive, not barren. -- Quick vinegar, vinegar made by allowing a weak solution of alcohol to trickle slowly over shavings or other porous material. -- Quick water, quicksilver water. -- Quick with child, pregnant with a living child. Syn. -- Speedy; expeditious; swift; rapid; hasty; prompt; ready; active; brisk; nimble; fleet; alert; agile; lively; sprightly.

Quick

Quick (?), adv. In a quick manner; quickly; promptly; rapidly; with haste; speedily; without delay; as, run quick; get back quick.
If we consider how very quick the actions of the mind are performed. Locke.

Quick

Quick, n.

1. That which is quick, or alive; a living animal or plant; especially, the hawthorn, or other plants used in making a living hedge.

The works . . . are curiously hedged with quick. Evelyn.

2. The life; the mortal point; a vital part; a part susceptible of serious injury or keen feeling; the sensitive living flesh; the part of a finger or toe to which the nail is attached; the tender emotions; as, to cut a finger nail to the quick; to thrust a sword to the quick, to taunt one to the quick; -- used figuratively.

This test nippeth, . . . this toucheth the quick. Latimer.
How feebly and unlike themselves they reason when they come to the quick of the difference ! Fuller.

3. (Bot.) Quitch grass. Tennyson.

Quick

Quick, v. t. & i. [See Quicken.] To revive; to quicken; to be or become alive. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Quickbeam

Quick"beam` (?), n. [A. S. cwicbe\'a0m.] See Quicken tree.

Quicken

Quick"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. quickened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quickening.] [AS. cwician. See Quick, a.]

1. To make alive; to vivify; to revive or resuscitate, as from death or an inanimate state; hence, to excite; to, stimulate; to incite.

The mistress which I serve quickens what's dead. Shak.
Like a fruitful garden without an hedge, that quickens the appetite to enjoy so tempting a prize. South.

2. To make lively, active, or sprightly; to impart additional energy to; to stimulate; to make quick or rapid; to hasten; to accelerate; as, to quicken one's steps or thoughts; to quicken one's departure or speed.

3. (Shipbuilding) To shorten the radius of (a curve); to make (a curve) sharper; as, to quicken the sheer, that is, to make its curve more pronounced. Syn. -- To revive; resuscitate; animate; reinvigorate; vivify; refresh; stimulate; sharpen; incite; hasten; accelerate; expedite; dispatch; speed.

Quicken

Quick"en, v. i.

1. To come to life; to become alive; to become vivified or enlivened; hence, to exhibit signs of life; to move, as the fetus in the womb.

The heart is the first part that quickens, and the last that dies. Ray.
And keener lightnings quicken in her eye. Pope.
When the pale and bloodless east began To quicken to the sun. Tennyson.

2. To move with rapidity or activity; to become accelerated; as, his pulse quickened.

Quickener

Quick"en*er, n. One who, or that which, quickens.

Quickening

Quick"en*ing, n.

1. The act or process of making or of becoming quick.

2. (Physiol.) The first motion of the fetus in the womb felt by the mother, occurring usually about the middle of the term of pregnancy. It has been popularly supposed to be due to the fetus becoming possessed of independent life.

Quickens

Quick"ens (?), n. (Bot.) Quitch grass.

Quicken tree

Quick"en tree` (?). [Probably from quick, and first applied to the aspen or some tree with quivering leaves; cf. G. quickenbaum, quizenbaum, quitschenbaum. Cf. Quitch grass.] (Bot.) The European rowan tree; -- called also quickbeam, and quickenbeam. See Rowan tree.

Quickhatch

Quick"hatch` (?), n. [From the American Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) The wolverine.

Quicklime

Quick"lime (?), n. [See Quick, a.] (Chem.) Calcium oxide; unslacked lime; -- so called because when wet it develops great heat. See 4th Lime, 2.

Quickly

Quick"ly, adv. Speedily; with haste or celerity; soon; without delay; quick.

Quickness

Quick"ness, n.

1. The condition or quality of being quick or living; life. [Obs.]

Touch it with thy celestial quickness. Herbert.

2. Activity; briskness; especially, rapidity of motion; speed; celerity; as, quickness of wit.

This deed . . . must send thee hence With fiery quickness. Shak.
His mind had, indeed, great quickness and vigor. Macaulay.

3. Acuteness of perception; keen sensibility.

Would not quickness of sensation be an inconvenience to an animal that must lie still ? Locke

4. Sharpness; pungency of taste. Mortimer. Syn. -- Velocity; celerity; rapidity; speed; haste; expedition; promptness; dispatch; swiftness; nimbleness; fleetness; agility; briskness; liveliness; readiness; sagacity; shrewdness; shrewdness; sharpness; keenness.

Quicksand

Quick"sand` (?), n. Sand easily moved or readily yielding to pressure; especially, a deep mass of loose or moving sand mixed with water, sometimes found at the mouth of a river or along some coasts, and very dangerous, from the difficulty of extricating a person who begins sinking into it.
Life hath quicksands, -- Life hath snares! Longfellow.

Page 1178

Quick-scented

Quick"-scent`ed (?), a. Acute of smell.

Quickset

Quick"set` (?), n. A living plant set to grow, esp. when set for a hedge; specifically, the hawthorn.

Quickset

Quick"set`, a. Made of quickset.
Dates and pomegranates on the quickset hedges. Walpole.

Quickset

Quick"set`, v. t. To plant with living shrubs or trees for a hedge; as, to quickset a ditch. Mortimer.

Quick-sighted

Quick"-sight`ed (?), a. Having quick sight or acute discernment; quick to see or to discern. Locke. --Quick"-sight`ed*ness, n.

Quicksilver

Quick"sil`ver (?), n. [Quick living + silver; -- so called from its fluidity; cf. G. quecksilber, L. argentum vivum. See Quick, a.] (Chem.) The metal mercury; -- so called from its resemblance to liquid silver. Quicksilver horizon, a mercurial artificial horizon. See under Horizon. -- Quicksilver water, a solution of mercury nitrate used in artificial silvering; quick water.

Quicksilvered

Quick"sil`vered (?), a. Overlaid with quicksilver, or with an amalgam of quicksilver and tinfoil.

Quicksilvering

Quick"sil`ver*ing (?), n. The mercury and foil on the back of a looking-glass.

Quickstep

Quick"step` (?), n. (Mus.) A lively, spirited march; also, a lively style of dancing.

Quick-witted

Quick"-wit`ted (?), a. Having ready wit Shak.

Quick-wittedness

Quick"-wit`ted*ness, n. Readiness of wit. "Celtic quick-wittedness." M. Arnold.

Quickwork

Quick"work` (?), n. (Naut.) A term somewhat loosely used to denote: (a) All the submerged section of a vessel's planking. (b) The planking between the spirketing and the clamps. (c) The short planks between the portholes.

Quid

Quid (?), n. [See Cud.] A portion suitable to be chewed; a cud; as, a quid of tobacco.

Quid

Quid, v. t. (Man.) To drop from the mouth, as food when partially chewed; -- said of horses. Youatt.

Quidam

Qui"dam (?), n. [L.] Somebody; one unknown. Spenser.

Quiddany

Quid"da*ny (?), n. [L. cydoneum quince juice, quince wine. See Quince.] A confection of quinces, in consistency between a sirup and marmalade.

Quiddative

Quid"da*tive (?), a. [See Quiddity.] Constituting, or containing, the essence of a thing; quidditative.

Quiddit

Quid"dit (?), n. [Cf. Quiddity, Quillet, and Quibble.] A subtilty; an equivocation. [Obs.] Shak.
By some strange quiddit or some wrested clause. Drayton.

Quidditative

Quid"di*ta*tive (?), a. Quiddative.

Quiddity

Quid"di*ty (?), n.; pl. Quiddities (#). [LL. quidditas, fr. L. quid what, neut. of quis who, akin to E. who: cf. F. quiddit\'82.]

1. The essence, nature, or distinctive peculiarity, of a thing; that which answers the question, Quid est? or, What is it? " The degree of nullity and quiddity." Bacon.

The quiddity or characteristic difference of poetry as distinguished from prose. De Quincey.

2. A trifling nicety; a cavil; a quibble.

We laugh at the quiddities of those writers now. Coleridge.

Quiddle

Quid"dle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quiddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quiddling (?).] [L. quid what.] To spend time in trifling employments, or to attend to useful subjects in an indifferent or superficial manner; to dawdle.

Quiddle, Quiddler

Quid"dle (?), Quid"dler (?), n. One who wastes his energy about trifles. Emerson.

Quidnunc

Quid"nunc (?), n. [L., what now?] One who is curious to know everything that passes; one who knows, or pretends to know, all that is going on. "The idle stories of quidnuncs." Motley.

Quiesce

Qui*esce" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quiesced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quiescing (?).] [L. quiescere, akin to quies rest, quiet. See Quiet, a. & n.] To be silent, as a letter; to have no sound. M. Stuart.

Quiescence, Quiescency

Qui*es"cence (?), Qui*es"cen*cy (?), n. [L. quiescentia, fr. quiescens, p. pr.; cf. F. quiestence. See Quiesce.] The state or quality of being quiescent. "Quiescence, bodily and mental." H. Spencer.
Deeds will be done; -- while be boasts his quiescence. R. Browning.

Quiescent

Qui*es"cent (?), a. [L. quiescens, -entis, p. pr. of quiescere: cf. F. quiescent. See Quiesce.]

1. Being in a state of repose; at rest; still; not moving; as, a quiescent body or fluid.

2. Not ruffed with passion; unagitated; not in action; not excited; quiet; dormant; resting.

In times of national security, the feeling of patriotism . . . is so quiescent that it seems hardly to exist. Prof. Wilson.

3. (Gram.) Not sounded; silent; as, y is quiescent in "day" and "say."

Quiescent

Qui*es"cent, n. (Gram.) A silent letter. M. Stuart.

Quiescently

Qui*es"cent*ly, adv. In a quiescent manner.

Quiet

Qui"et (?), a. [Compar. Quieter (?); superl. Quietest.] [L. quietus, p. p. pf quiescere to rest, keep quiet; akin to quies rest, and prob. to E. while, n. See While, and cf. Coy, a., Quiesce, Quietus, Quit, a., Quite, Requiem.]

1. In a state of rest or calm; without stir, motion, or agitation; still; as, a quiet sea; quiet air.

They . . . were quiet all the night, saying, In the morning, when it is day, we shall kill him. Judg. xvi. 2.

2. Free from noise or disturbance; hushed; still.

3. Not excited or anxious; calm; peaceful; placid; settled; as, a quiet life; a quiet conscience. " So quiet and so sweet a style." Shak.

That son, who on the quiet state of man Such trouble brought. Milton.

4. Not giving offense; not exciting disorder or trouble; not turbulent; gentle; mild; meek; contented.

The ornament of a meek and quiet spirit. 1 Pet. iii. 4.
I will sit as quiet as a lamb. Shak.

5. Not showy; not such as to attract attention; undemonstrative; as, a quiet dress; quiet colors; a quiet movement. Syn. -- Still; tranquil; calm; unruffled; smooth; unmolested; undisturbed; placid; peaceful; mild; peaceable; meek; contented.

Quiet

Qui"et (?) n. [L. quies, -etis. See Quiet, a.]

1. The quality or state of being quiet, or in repose; as an hour or a time of quiet.

2. Freedom from disturbance, noise, or alarm; stillness; tranquillity; peace; security.

And join with thee, calm Peace and Quiet. Milton.
At quiet, still; peaceful. -- In quiet, quietly. " I will depart in quiet." Shak. -- Out of quiet, disturbed; restless. [Obs.] "She is much out of quiet." Shak.

Quiet

Qui"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quieted; p. pr. & vb. n. Quieting.]

1. To stop motion in; to still; to reduce to a state of rest, or of silence.

2. To calm; to appease; to pacify; to lull; to allay; to tranquillize; as, to quiet the passions; to quiet clamors or disorders; to quiet pain or grief.

Quiet yourselves, I pray, and be at peace. Shak.

Quiet

Qui"et, v. i. To become still, silent, or calm; -- often with down; as, be soon quieted down.

Quietage

Qui"et*age (?), n. Quietness. [Obs.] Spenser.

Quieter

Qui"et*er (?), n. One who, or that which, quiets.

Quietism

Qui"et*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. qui\'82tisme.]

1. Peace or tranquillity of mind; calmness; indifference; apathy; dispassion; indisturbance; inaction.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) The system of the Quietists, who maintained that religion consists in the withdrawal of the mind from worldly interests and anxieties and its constant employment in the passive contemplation of God and his attributes.

Quietist

Qui"et*ist, n. [Cf. F. qui\'82tiste.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of mystics originated in the seventeenth century by Molinos, a Spanish priest living in Rome. See Quietism.

Quietistic

Qui`et*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Quietists, or to Quietism.

Quietly

Qui"et*ly, adv.

1. In a quiet state or manner; without motion; in a state of rest; as, to lie or sit quietly.

2. Without tumult, alarm, dispute, or disturbance; peaceably; as, to live quietly; to sleep quietly.

3. Calmly, without agitation or violent emotion; patiently; as, to submit quietly to unavoidable evils.

4. Noiselessly; silently; without remark or violent movement; in a manner to attract little or no observation; as, he quietly left the room.

Quietness

Qui"et*ness, n. The quality or state of being quiet; freedom from noise, agitation, disturbance, or excitement; stillness; tranquillity; calmness.
I would have peace and quietness. Shak.

Quietsome

Qui"et*some (?), a. Calm; still. [Obs.] Spenser.

Quietude

Qui"e*tude, n. [L. quietudo: cf. F. qui\'82tude.] Rest; repose; quiet; tranquillity. Shelley.

Quietus

Qui*e"tus (?), n. [LL. quietus quit, discharged, L., at rest, quiet, dead. See Quiet, a., and cf. Quit, a.] Final discharge or acquittance, as from debt or obligation; that which silences claims; (Fig.) rest; death.
When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin. Shak.

Quill

Quill (?), n. [Perhaps fr. F. quille ninepin (see Kayless); but cf. also G. kiel a quill. MHG. kil, and Ir. cuille a quill.]

1. One of the large feathers of a bird's wing, or one of the rectrices of the tail; also, the stock of such a feather.

2. A pen for writing made by sharpening and splitting the point or nib of the stock of a feather; as, history is the proper subject of his quill. Sir H. Wotton.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A spine of the hedgehog or porcupine. (b) The pen of a squid. See Pen.

4. (Mus.) (a) The plectrum with which musicians strike the strings of certain instruments. (b) The tube of a musical instrument.

He touched the tender stops of various quills. Milton.

5. Something having the form of a quill; as: (a) The fold or plain of a ruff. (b) (Weaving) A spindle, or spool, as of reed or wood, upon which the thread for the woof is wound in a shuttle. (c) (Mach.) A hollow spindle. Quill bit, a bit for boring resembling the half of a reed split lengthways and having its end sharpened like a gouge. -- Quill driver, one who works with a pen; a writer; a clerk. [Jocose] -- Quill nib, a small quill pen made to be used with a holder. Simmonds.

Quill

Quill, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quilling.]

1. To plaint in small cylindrical ridges, called quillings; as, to quill a ruffle.

His cravat seemed quilled into a ruff. Goldsmith.

2. To wind on a quill, as thread or yarn. Judd.

Quillaia bark

Quil*la"ia bark` (?). (Bot.) The bark of a rosaceous tree (Quillaja Saponaria), native of Chili. The bark is finely laminated, and very heavy with alkaline substances, and is used commonly by the Chilians instead of soap. Also called soap bark.

Quillback

Quill"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An American fresh-water fish (Ictiobus, ∨ Carpiodes, cyprinus); -- called also carp sucker, sailfish, spearfish, and skimback.

Quilled

Quilled (?), a. Furnished with quills; also, shaped like quills. "A sharp-quilled porcupine." Shak. Quilled suture (Surg.), a variety of stitch in which the threads after being passed deeply through the edges of a wound are secured about two quills or bodies of similar shape, in order to produce a suitable degree of pressure.

Quillet

Quil"let (?), n. [L. quidlibet what you please. Cf. Quiddit, and Quibble.] Subtilty; nicety; quibble. "Nice, sharp quillets of the law." Shak.

Quilling

Quill"ing (?), n. (a) A band of linen, muslin, or the like, fluted, folded, or plaited so as somewhat to resemble a row of quills. (b) One of the rounded plaits or flutings of such a band.

Quillwort

Quill"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant or species of the genus Isoetes, cryptogamous plants with a cluster of elongated four-tubed rushlike leaves, rising from a corm, and containing spores in their enlarged and excavated bases. There are about seventeen American species, usually growing in the mud under still, shallow water. So called from the shape of the shape of the leaves.

Quilt

Quilt (?), n. [OE. quilte, OF. cuilte, L. culcita bed, cushion, mattress. Cf. 2d Counterpoint, Cushion.] Anything that is quilted; esp., a quilted bed cover, or a skirt worn by women; any cover or garment made by putting wool, cotton, etc., between two cloths and stitching them together; also, any outer bed cover.
The beds were covered with magnificent quilts. Arbuthnot.

Quilt

Quilt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quilted; p. pr. & vb. n. Quilting.]

1. To stitch or sew together at frequent intervals, in order to confine in place the several layers of cloth and wadding of which a garment, comforter, etc., may be made; as, to quilt a coat. Dryden.

2. To wad, as a garment, with warm soft material.

3. To stitch or sew in lines or patterns.

Quilter

Quilt"er (?), n. One who, or that which, quilts.

Quilting

Quilt"ing, n.

1. The act of stitching or running in patterns, as in making a quilt.

2. A quilting bee. See Bee, 2.

3. The material used for making quilts.

4. (Naut.) A coating of strands of rope for a water vessel.

Quin

Quin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A European scallop (Pecten opercularis), used as food. [Prov. Eng.]

Quinaldine

Quin*al"dine (?), n. [Quinoline + aldehyde + aniline.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid of a slightly pungent odor, C9H6N.CH3, first obtained as a condensation product of aldehyde and aniline, and regarded as a derivative of quinoline; -- called also methyl quinoline. [Written also chinaldine.]

Quinary

Qui"na*ry (?), a. [L. quinarius, from quini five each, akin to quinque five: cf. F.quinaire. See Five.] Consisting of five; arranged by fives. Boyle. Quinary system (Zo\'94l.), a fanciful classification based on the hypothesis that each group contains five types.

Quiname

Qui"name (?), a. [L. quini five each.] (Bot.) Growing in sets of five; -- said especially of leaves composed of five leaflets set at the end of a common petiole.

Quinate

Qui"nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of quinic acid. [Written also kinate.]

Quinazol

Quin"a*zol (?), n. [Quinoline + azote.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous base related to cinnoline. [Written also chinazol.]

Quince

Quince (?), n. [Prob. a pl. from OE. quyne, coin, OF. coin, cooin, F. coing, from L. Cydonius a quince tree, as adj., Cydonian, Gr. Quiddany.]

1. The fruit of a shrub (Cydonia vulgaris) belonging to the same tribe as the apple. It somewhat resembles an apple, but differs in having many seeds in each carpel. It has hard flesh of high flavor, but very acid, and is largely used for marmalade, jelly, and preserves.

2. (Bot.) a quince tree or shrub. Japan quince (Bot.), an Eastern Asiatic shrub (Cydonia, formerly Pyrus, Japonica) and its very fragrant but inedible fruit. The shrub has very showy flowers, usually red, but sometimes pink or white, and is much grown for ornament. -- Quince curculio (Zo\'94l.), a small gray and yellow curculio (Conotrachelus crat\'91gi) whose larva lives in quinces. -- Quince tree (Bot.), the small tree (Cydonia vulgaris) which produces the quince.

Quincewort

Quince"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The squinancy. Called also quinsywort.

Quinch

Quinch (?), v. i. [Cf. OD. quincken to quiver, shake, Fries. quink hovering. Cf. Quich.] To stir; to wince. [Obs.] Spenser.

Quincuncial

Quin*cun"cial (?), [L. quincuncialis, from quincunx. See Quincunx.]

1. Having the form of a quincunx.

2. (Bot.) Having the leaves of a pentamerous calyx or corolla so imbricated that two are exterior, two are interior, and the other has one edge exterior and one interior; as, quincuncial \'91stivation. Quincuncial phyllotaxy (Bot.), an arrangement of five leaves in a spiral, each leaf two fifths of a circle from the next.

Quincuncially

Quin*cun"cial*ly, adv. In the manner or order of a quincunx.

Quincunx

Quin"cunx (?), n. [L., fr. quingue five + uncia an ounce. The quincunx was marked by five small spots or balls. See Five, and Ounce the weight.]

1. An arrangement of things by fives in a square or a rectangle, one being placed at each corner and one in the middle; especially, such an arrangement of trees repeated indefinitely, so as to form a regular group with rows running in various directions.

2. (Astrol.) The position of planets when distant from each other five signs, or 150°. Hutton.

3. (Bot.) A quincuncial arrangement, as of the parts of a flower in \'91stivation. See Quincuncial, 2.

Quindecagon

Quin*dec"a*gon (?), n. [L. quindecim fifteen + Gr. (Geom.) A plane figure with fifteen angles, and consequently fifteen sides.

Quindecemvir

Quin`de*cem"vir (?), n.; pl. E. Quindecemvirs (#), L. Quindecemviri (#). [L., from quindecim fifteen + vir a man.] (Rom. Antiq.) One of a sacerdotal college of fifteen men whose chief duty was to take care of the Sibylline books.

Quindecemvirate

Quin`de*cem"vi*rate (?), n. [L. quindecimviratus.] The body or office of the quindecemviri.

Quindecone

Quin*dec"one (?), n. [L. quindecim fifteen.] (Chem.) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C15H26, of the valylene series, produced artificially as an oily liquid. [Written also quindekone.]<-- now quindecene??-->
Page 1179

Quindecylic

Quin`de*cyl"ic (?), n. [L. quindecim fifteen + -yl.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the fatty acid series, containing fifteen atoms of carbon; called also pentadecylic acid.

Quindem

Quin"dem (?), n. A fifteenth part. [Obs.]

Quindism

Quin"dism (?), n. A fifteenth. [Obs.] Prynne.

Quinhydrone

Quin*hy"drone (?), n. [Quinone + hydroquinone.] (Chem.) A green crystalline substance formed by the union of quinone with hydroquinone, or as an intermediate product in the oxidation of hydroquinone or the reduction of quinone. [Written also chinhydrone.]

Quinia

Quin"i*a (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) Quinine.

Quinible

Quin"i*ble (?), n. [L. quini five each.] (Mus.) An interval of a fifth; also, a part sung with such intervals. [Obs.] "He sang . . . a loud quynyble." Chaucer.

Quinic

Quin"ic (?), a. [See Quinine, and cf. Kinic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or connected with, quinine and related compounds; specifically, designating a nonnitrogenous acid obtained from cinchona bark, coffee, beans, etc., as a white crystalline substance. [Written also chinic, kinic.]

Quinicine

Quin"i*cine (?), n. (Chem.) An uncrystallizable alkaloid obtained by the action of heat from quinine, with which it is isomeric.

Quinidine

Quin"i*dine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid isomeric with, and resembling, quinine, found in certain species of cinchona, from which it is extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance; conchinine. It is used somewhat as a febrifuge. [Written also chinidine.]

Quinine

Qui"nine (?), n. [F. (cf. Sp. quinina), fr. Sp. quina, or quinaquina, Peruvian bark, fr. Peruv. kina, quina, bark. Cf. Kinic.] (Chem.) An alkaloid extracted from the bark of several species of cinchona (esp. Cinchona Calisaya) as a bitter white crystalline substance, C20H24N2O2. Hence, by extension (Med.), any of the salts of this alkaloid, as the acetate, chloride, sulphate, etc., employed as a febrifuge or antiperiodic. Called also quinia, quinina, etc. [Written also chinine.]

Quininic

Qui*nin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid obtained as a yellow crystalline substance by the oxidation of quinine.

Quininism, Quinism

Qui"nin*ism (?), Qui"nism (?), n. (Med.) See Cinchonism.

Quinizarin

Qui*niz"a*rin (?), [Hydroquinone + alizarin.] (Chem.) A yellow crystalline substance produced artificially. It is isomeric with alizarin.

Quinizine

Quin"i*zine (?), n. [Quinoline + hydrazine.] (Chem.) any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, certain of which are used as antipyretics.

Quinnat

Quin"nat (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The California salmon (Oncorhynchus choicha); -- called also chouicha, king salmon, chinnook salmon, and Sacramento salmon. It is of great commercial importance. [Written also quinnet.]

Quinoa

Qui*no"a (?), n. The seeds of a kind of goosewort (Chenopodium Quinoa), used in Chili and Peru for making porridge or cakes; also, food thus made.

Quinogen

Quin"o*gen (?), n. [Quinine + -gen.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical of quinine and related alkaloids.

Quinoidine

Qui*noid"ine (?), n. [Quinine + -oid.] (Med. (Chem.) A brownish resinous substance obtained as a by-product in the treatment of cinchona bark. It consists of a mixture of several alkaloids. [Written also chinoidine.]

Quinoline

Quin"o*line (?), n. [Quinine + L. oleum oil + -ine.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base, C9H7N obtained as a pungent colorless liquid by the distillation of alkaloids, bones, coal tar, etc. It the nucleus of many organic bodies, especially of certain alkaloids and related substances; hence, by extension, any one of the series of alkaloidal bases of which quinoline proper is the type. [Written also chinoline.]

Quinologist

Qui*nol"o*gist (?) n. One who is versed in quinology.

Quinology

Qui*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Quinine + -logy.] The science which treats of the cultivation of the cinchona, and of its use in medicine.

Quinone

Qui"none (?), n. [Quinine + ketone.] (Chem.) A crystalline substance, C6H4O2 (called also benzoketone), first obtained by the oxidation of quinic acid and regarded as a double ketone; also, by extension, any one of the series of which quinone proper is the type. [Written also chinone, kinone.] <-- and benzoquinone. -->

Quinovic

Qui*no"vic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a crystalline acid obtained from some varieties of cinchona bark. [Written also chinovic, and kinovic.]

Quinovin

Qui*no"vin (?), n. [NL. quina nova the tree Cosmibuena magnifolia, whose bark yields quinovin.] (Chem.) An amorphous bitter glucoside derived from cinchona and other barks. Called also quinova bitter, and quinova. [Written also chinovin, and kinovin.]

Quinoxaline

Quin*ox"a*line (?), n. [Quinoline + glyoxal.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of complex nitrogenous bases obtained by the union of certain aniline derivatives with glyoxal or with certain ketones. [Written also chinoxaline.]

Quinoxyl

Quin*ox"yl (?), n. [Quinone + oxygen + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical of certain quinone derivatives related to rhodizonic acid.

Quinoyl

Qui"noyl (?), n. [Quinone + -yl.] (Chem.) A radical of which quinone is the hydride, analogous to phenyl. [Written also kinoyl.]

Quinquagesima

Quin`qua*ges"i*ma (?), a. [L., fr. quinquagesimus the fiftieth, akin to quinquaginta fifty, quinque five. See Five.] Fiftieth. Quinquagesima Sunday, the Sunday which is the fiftieth day before Easter, both days being included in the reckoning; -- called also Shrove Sunday.

Quinquangular

Quin*quan"gu*lar (?), a. [L. quinquanqulus; quinque five + angulus ad angle: cf. F. quinquangulaire.] Having five angles or corners.

Quinquarticular

Quin`quar*tic"u*lar (?), a. [Quinque- + article.] (Theol.) Relating to the five articles or points; as, the quinquarticular controversy between Arminians and Calvinists. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.

Quinque-

Quin"que- (?). [L. quinque five. See Five.] A combining form meaning five, five times, fivefold; as, quinquefid, five-cleft; quinquedentate, five-toothed.

Quinqueangled

Quin"que*an`gled (?), a. [Quinque- + angle.] Having five angles; quinquangular.

Quinquedentate, Quinquedentated

Quin`que*den"tate (?), Quin`que*den"ta*ted (?), a. [Quinque- + dentate, -tated: cf. F. quinqu\'82dent\'82.] Five-toothed; as, a quinquedentate leaf.

Quinquefarious

Quin`que*fa"ri*ous (?), a. [From L. quinque five: cf. F. quinqu\'82fari\'82. Cf. Bifarious.] (Bot.) Arranged in five vertical rows; pentastichous. Gray.

Quinquefid

Quin"que*fid (?), a. [Quique- + the root of L. findere to cleave: cf. F. quinqu\'82fide.] (Bot.) Sharply cut about halfway to the middle or base into five segments; as, a quinquefid leaf or corolla.

Quinquefoliate, Quinquefoliated

Quin`que*fo"li*ate (?), Quin`que*fo"li*a`ted (?), a. [Quinque- + foliate, -ated: cf. F. quinqu\'82foli\'82, L. quinquefolius.] (Bot.) Having five leaves or leaflets. Gray.

Quinque foliolate

Quin`que fo"li*o*late (?), a. (Bot.) Having five leaflets. Gray.

Quinqueliteral

Quin`que*lit"er*al (?), a. [Quinque- + literal.] Consisting of five letters.

Quinquelobate, Quinquelobared

Quin`que*lo"bate (?), Quin`que*lo"ba*red (?), a. [Quinque- + lobate, -ated: cf. F. quinqu\'82lob\'82.] Cut less than halfway into portions, usually somewhat rounded; five-lobed; as, a quinquelobate leaf or corolla.

Quinquelobed

Quin"que*lobed` (?), a. [Quinque- + lobe.] Same as Quinquelobate.

Quinquelocular

Quin`que*loc"u*lar (?), a. [Quinque- + locular: cf. F. quinqu\'82loculaire.] Having five cells or loculi; five-celled; as, a quinquelocular pericarp.

Quinquenerved

Quin"que*nerved` (?), a. [Quinque- + nerve.] (Bot.) Having five nerves; -- said of a leaf with five nearly equal nerves or ribs rising from the end of the petiole.

Quinquennalia

Quin`quen*na"li*a (?), n. pl. [L., fr. quinquennalis. See Ouinquennial.] (Rom. Antiq.) Public games celebrated every five years.

Quinquennial

Quin*quen"ni*al (?), a. [L. quinquennalis and quinquennis; quinque five + annus year. See Five, and cf. Biennial.] Occurring once in five years, or at the end of every five years; also, lasting five years. A quinquennial event.

Quinquennium

Quin*quen"ni*um (?), n. [L.] Space of five years.

Quinquepartite

Quin*quep"ar*tite (?), a. [L. quinquepartitus; quinque five + partitus, p. p. of partire to divide: cf. F. quinqu\'82partite.]

1. Consisting of five parts.

2. (Bot.) Divided into five parts almost to the base.

Quinquereme

Quin"que*reme (?), n. [L. quinqueremis; quinque five + remus an oar: cf. F. quinqu\'82r\'8ame] A galley having five benches or banks of oars; as, an Athenian quinquereme.

Quinquesyllable

Quin"que*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Quinque- + syllable.] A word of five syllables.

Quinquevalve, Quinquevalvular

Quin"que*valve (?), Quin`que*val"vu*lar (?), a. [Quinque- + valve, valvular: cf. F. quinqu\'82valve.] (Bot.) Having five valves, as a pericarp.

Quinquevir

Quin"que*vir (?), n.; pl; E. Quinquevirs (#), L. Quinqueviri (#). [L., fr. quinque Five + vir man.] (Bot. Antiq.) One of five commissioners appointed for some special object.

Quinquina

Quin*qui"na (?), n. [NL. & F. See Quinine.] Peruvian bark.

Quinquivalent

Quin*quiv"a*lent (?), a. [Quinque- + L. valens, -entis, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.) Same as Pentavalent.

Quinsy

Quin"sy (?), n. [Contr. fr. squinancy, F. esquinancie, L. cynanche a sort of sore throat, Gr. synanche sore throat, Gr. Hound, Anger, and Cynanche.] (Med.) An inflammation of the throat, or parts adjacent, especially of the fauces or tonsils, attended by considerable swelling, painful and impeded deglutition, and accompanied by inflammatory fever. It sometimes creates danger of suffocation; -- called also squinancy, and squinzey.

Quint

Quint (?), n. [F. quinte, fr. L. quintus, quinta, the fifth, quinque five. See Five.]

1. A set or sequence of five, as in piquet.

2. (Mus.) The interval of a fifth.

Quintain

Quin"tain (?), n. [F. quintaine, LL. quintana; cf. W. chwintan a kind of hymeneal game.] An object to be tilted at; -- called also quintel. [Written also quintin.] &hand; A common form in the Middle Ages was an upright post, on the top of which turned a crosspiece, having on one end a broad board, and on the other a sand bag. The endeavor was to strike the board with the lance while riding under, and get away without being hit by the sand bag. "But a quintain, a mere lifeless block." Shak.

Quintal

Quin"tal (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. quintal, fr. Ar. qintar a weight of 100 lbs., prob. fr. L. centenarius consisting of a hundred, fr. centeni a hundred each, fr. centum a hundred. See Hundred, and cf. Kentle.]

1. A hundredweight, either 112 or 100 pounds, according to the scale used. Cf. Cental. [Sometimes written and pronounced kentle.]

2. A metric measure of weight, being 100,000 grams, or 100 kilograms, equal to 220.46 pounds avoirdupois.

Quintan

Quin"tan (?), a. [L. quintanus, fr. quintus fifth, quinque five. See Five.] Occurring as the fifth, after four others also, occurring every fifth day, reckoning inclusively; as, a quintan fever. -- n. (Med.) An intermittent fever which returns every fifth day, reckoning inclusively, or in which the intermission lasts three days.

Quintel

Quin"tel (?), n. See Quintain.

Quintessence

Quin*tes"sence (?), n. [F., fr. L. quinta essentia fifth essence. See Quint, and Essence.]

1. The fifth or last and highest essence or power in a natural body. See Ferment oils, under Ferment. [Obs.] &hand; The ancient Greeks recognized four elements, fire, air, water, and earth. The Pythagoreans added a fifth and called it nether, the fifth essence, which they said flew upward at creation and out of it the stars were made. The alchemists sometimes considered alcohol, or the ferment oils, as the fifth essence.

2. Hence: An extract from anything, containing its rarest virtue, or most subtle and essential constituent in a small quantity; pure or concentrated essence.

Let there be light, said God; and forthwith light Ethereal, first of things, quintessence pure, Sprung from the deep. Milton.

Quintessence

Quin*tes"sence, v. t. To distil or extract as a quintessence; to reduce to a quintessence. [R.] Stirling. "Truth quintessenced and raised to the highest power." J. A. Symonds.

Quintessential

Quin`tes*sen"tial (?), a. Of the nature of a quintessence; purest. "Quintessential extract of mediocrity." G. Eliot.

Quintet, Quintette

Quin*tet", Quin*tette" (?), n. [It. quintetto, dim. of quinto the fifth, a fifth part, from L. quintus the fifth: cf. F. quintette. See Quint.] (Mus.) A composition for five voices or instruments; also, the set of five persons who sing or play five-part music.

Quintic

Quin"tic (?), a. [L. quintus fifth, fr. quinque five.] (Alg.) Of the fifth degree or order. -- n. (Alg.) A quantic of the fifth degree. See Quantic.

Quintile

Quin"tile (?), n. [F. quintil aspect, fr. L. quintus the fifth.] (Astron.) The aspect of planets when separated the fifth part of the zodiac, or 72°. <-- sic. not separated "by" --> Hutton.

Quintilllion

Quin*till"lion (?), n. [Formed fr. L. quintus the fifth, after the analogy of million: cf. F. quintillion. See Quint.] According to the French notation, which is used on the Continent and in America, the cube of a million, or a unit with eighteen ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, a number produced by involving a million to the fifth power, or a unit with thirty ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.

Quintin

Quin"tin (?), n. See Quintain.

Quintine

Quin"tine (?), n. [L. quintus the fifth: cf. F. quintine.] (Bot.) The embryonic sac of an ovule, sometimes regarded as an innermost fifth integument. Cf. Quartine, and Tercine.

Quintole

Quin"tole (?), n. [It. quinto fifth.] (Mus.) A group of five notes to be played or sung in the time of four of the same species.

Quintuple

Quin"tu*ple (?), a. [L. quintus fifth: cf. F. quintuple, L. quintuplex. Cf. Quadruple.] Multiplied by five; increased to five times the amount; fivefold. Quintuple time (Mus.), a time having five beats in a measure. It is seldom used.

Quintuple

Quin"tu*ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quintupled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quintupling.] [Cf. F. quintupler.] To make fivefold, or five times as much or many.

Quittuple-nerved, Quintuple-ribbed

Quit"tu*ple-nerved` (?), Quin"tu*ple-ribbed` (?), a. (Bot.) The same as Quinquenerved.

Quinzaine

Quin"zaine (?), n. [F., from quinze fifteen, L. quindecim. See Fifteen.] The fifteenth day after a feast day, including both in the reckoning. [Written also quinzain.]

Quinze

Quinze (?), n. [F.] A game at cards in which the object is to make fifteen points.

Quip

Quip (?), n. [Cf. W. chwip a quick flirt or turn, chwipio to whip, to move briskly, and E. whip. Cf. Quib, Quibble.] A smart, sarcastic turn or jest; a taunt; a severe retort; a gibe.
Quips, and cranks, and wanton wiles. Milton.
He was full of joke and jest, But all his merry quips are o'er. Tennyson.

Quip

Quip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quipping (?).] To taunt; to treat with quips.
The more he laughs, and does her closely quip. Spenser.

Quip

Quip, v. i. To scoff; to use taunts. Sir H. Sidney.

Quipo

Qui"po (?), n. Same as Quipu.

Quipu

Qui"pu (?), n.; pl. Quipus (#). [Peruv.quipu a knot.] A contrivance employed by the ancient Peruvians, Mexicans, etc., as a substitute for writing and figures, consisting of a main cord, from which hung at certain distances smaller cords of various colors, each having a special meaning, as silver, gold, corn, soldiers. etc. Single, double, and triple knots were tied in the smaller cords, representing definite numbers. It was chiefly used for arithmetical purposes, and to register important facts and events. [Written also quipo.] Tylor.
The mysterious science of the quipus . . . supplied the Peruvians with the means of communicating their ideas to one another, and of transmitting them to future generations. Prescott.

Quirboilly

Quir"boil*ly` (?), n. [OE. cuir bouilli.] Leather softened by boiling so as to take any required shape. Upon drying, it becomes exceedingly hard, and hence was formerly used for armor. [Obs.] "His jambeux were of quyrboilly." Chaucer.

Quire

Quire (?), n. See Choir. [Obs.] Spenser.
A quire of such enticing birds. Shak.

Quire

Quire, v. i. To sing in concert. [R.] Shak.
Page 1180


Page 1180

Quire

Quire (?), n. [OE. quaer, quair, OF. quayer, cayer, ca\'8ber, F. cahier, a book of loose sheets, a quarter of a quire, LL. quaternus, quaternum, sheets of paper packed together, properly, four together, fr. L. quaterni four each, by fours, quattuor, four. See Four and cf. Cahier.] A collection of twenty-four sheets of paper of the same size and quality, unfolded or having a single fold; one twentieth of a ream.

Quirister

Quir"is*ter (?), n. [See Quire, Chorister.] A chorister. See Chorister. [R.] Thomson.

Quiritation

Quir`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. quiritatio, fr. quiritare to raise a plaintive cry, v. freq. fr. queri to complain.] A crying for help. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Quirite

Qui"rite (?), n. One of the Quirites.

Quirites

Qui*ri"tes (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Cures, a Sabine town.] (Rom. Antiq.) Roman citizens. &hand; After the Sabines and Romans had united themselves into one community, under Romulus, the name of Quirites was taken in addition to that of Romani, the Romans calling themselves in a civil capacity Quirites, while in a political and military capacity they retained the name of Romani. Andrews.

Quirk

Quirk (?), n. [Written also querk.] [Cf W. chwiori to turn briskly, or E. queer.]

1. A sudden turn; a starting from the point or line; hence, an artful evasion or subterfuge; a shift; a quibble; as, the quirks of a pettifogger. "Some quirk or . . . evasion." Spenser.

We ground the justification of our nonconformity on dark subtilties and intricate quirks. Barrow.

2. A fit or turn; a short paroxysm; a caprice. [Obs.] "Quirks of joy and grief." Shak.

3. A smart retort; a quibble; a shallow conceit.

Some odd quirks and remnants of wit. Shak.

4. An irregular air; as, light quirks of music. Pope.

5. (Building) A piece of ground taken out of any regular ground plot or floor, so as to make a court, yard, etc.; -- sometimes written quink. Gwilt.

6. (Arch.) A small channel, deeply recessed in proportion to its width, used to insulate and give relief to a convex rounded molding. Quirk molding, a bead between two quirks.

Quirked

Quirked (?), a. Having, or formed with, a quirk or quirks.

Quirkish

Quirk"ish (?), Consisting of quirks; resembling a quirk. Barrow.

Quirky

Quirk"y (?), a. Full of quirks; tricky; as, a quirky lawyer.

Quirl

Quirl (?), n. & v. See Querl.

Quirpele

Quir"pele (?), n. [Tamil k\'c6rippillai.] (Zo\'94l.) The Indian ferret.

Quirt

Quirt (?), n. A rawhide whip plaited with two thongs of buffalo hide T. Roosevelt.

Quish

Quish (?), n. See Cuish.

Quit

Quit (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small passerine birds native of tropical America. See Banana quit, under Banana, and Guitguit.

Quit

Quit (?), a. [OE. quite, OF. quite, F. quitte. See Quit, v., Quirt.] Released from obligation, charge, penalty, etc.; free; clear; absolved; acquitted. Chaucer.
The owner of the ox shall be quit. Ex. xxi. 28.
&hand; This word is sometimes used in the form quits, colloquially; as, to be quits with one, that is, to have made mutual satisfaction of demands with him; to be even with him; hence, as an exclamation: Quits! we are even, or on equal terms. "To cry quits with the commons in their complaints." Fuller.

Quit

Quit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quit or Quitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Quitting.] [OE. quiten, OF. quiter, quitier, cuitier, F. quitter, to acquit, quit, LL. quietare, fr. L. quietare to calm, to quiet, fr. quietus quiet. See Quiet, a., and cf. Quit, a., Quite, Acquit, Requite.]

1. To set at rest; to free, as from anything harmful or oppressive; to relieve; to clear; to liberate. [R.]

To quit you of this fear, you have already looked Death in the face; what have you found so terrible in it? Wake.

2. To release from obligation, accusation, penalty, or the like; to absolve; to acquit.

There may no gold them quyte. Chaucer.
God will relent, and quit thee all his debt. Milton.

3. To discharge, as an obligation or duty; to meet and satisfy, as a claim or debt; to make payment for or of; to requite; to repay.

The blissful martyr quyte you your meed. Chaucer.
Enkindle all the sparks of nature To quit this horrid act. Shak.
Before that judge that quits each soul his hire. Fairfax.

4. To meet the claims upon, or expectations entertained of; to conduct; to acquit; -- used reflexively.

Be strong, and quit yourselves like men. I Sam. iv. 9.
Samson hath guit himself Like Samson. Milton.

5. To carry through; to go through to the end. [Obs.]

Never worthy prince a day did quit With greater hazard and with more renown. Daniel.

6. To have done with; to cease from; to stop; hence, to depart from; to leave; to forsake; as, to quit work; to quit the place; to quit jesting.

Such a superficial way of examining is to quit truth for appearance. Locke.
To quit cost, to pay; to reimburse. -- To quit scores, to make even; to clear mutually from demands.
Does not the earth quit scores with all the elements in the noble fruits that issue from it? South.
Syn. -- To leave; relinquish; resign; abandon; forsake; surrender; discharge; requite. -- Quit, Leave. Leave is a general term, signifying merely an act of departure; quit implies a going without intention of return, a final and absolute abandonment.

Quit

Quit, v. i. To away; to depart; to stop doing a thing; to cease.

Quitch

Quitch (?), n.

1. (Bot.) Same as Quitch grass.

2. Figuratively: A vice; a taint; an evil.

To pick the vicious quitch Of blood and custom wholly out of him. Tennyson
.

Quitch grass

Quitch" grass` (?). [Properly quick grass, being probably so called from its vigorous growth, or from its tenacity of life. See Quick, and cf. Couch grass.] (Bot.) A perennial grass (Agropyrum repens) having long running rootstalks, by which it spreads rapidly and pertinaciously, and so becomes a troublesome weed. Also called couch grass, quick grass, quick grass, twitch grass. See Illustration in Appendix.

Quitclaim

Quit"claim` (?), n. [Quit, a. + claim.] (Law) A release or relinquishment of a claim; a deed of release; an instrument by which some right, title, interest, or claim, which one person has, or is supposed to have, in or to an estate held by himself or another, is released or relinquished, the grantor generally covenanting only against persons who claim under himself.

Quitclaim

Quit"claim`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quitclaimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quitclaiming.] (Law) To release or relinquish a claim to; to release a claim to by deed, without covenants of warranty against adverse and paramount titles.

Quite

Quite (?), v. t. & i. See Quit. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Quite

Quite (?), adv. [F. quite discharged, free, clear; cf. OF. quitement freely, frankly, entirely. See Quit, a.]

1. Completely; wholly; entirely; totally; perfectly; as, the work is not quite done; the object is quite accomplished; to be quite mistaken.

Man shall not quite be lost, but saved who will. Milton.
The same actions may be aimed at different ends, and arise from quite contrary principles. Spectator.

2. To a great extent or degree; very; very much; considerably. "Quite amusing." Macaulay.

He really looks quite concerned. Landor.
The island stretches along the land and is quite close to it. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Quitly

Quit"ly (?), adv. Quite. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Quitrent

Quit"rent` (?), n. [Quit, a. + rent] (Law) A rent reserved in grants of land, by the payment of which the tenant is quit from other service. Blackstone. &hand; In some of the United States a fee-farm rent is so termed. Burrill.

Quits

Quits (?) interj. See the Note under Quit, a.

Quittable

Quit"ta*ble (?), a. Capable of being quitted.

Quittal

Quit"tal (?), n. Return; requital; quittance. [Obs.]

Quittance

Quit"tance (?), n. [OE. quitaunce, OF. quitance, F. quittance. See Quit, v. t.]

1. Discharge from a debt or an obligation; acquittance.

Omittance is no quittance. Shak.

2. Recompense; return; repayment. [Obs.] Shak.

Quittance

Quit"tance, v. t. To repay; to requite. [Obs.] Shak.

Quitter

Quit"ter (?), n.

1. One who quits.

2. A deliverer. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

Quittor

Quit"tor (?), n. [Perhaps for quitture.] (Far.) A chronic abscess, or fistula of the coronet, in a horse's foot, resulting from inflammation of the tissues investing the coffin bone.

Quitture

Quit"ture (?), n. A discharge; an issue. [Obs.]
To cleanse the quitture from thy wound. Chapman.

Quiver

Quiv"er (?), a. [Akin to AS. cwiferlice anxiously; cf. OD. kuiven, kuiveren. Cf. Quaver.] Nimble; active. [Obs.] " A little quiver fellow." Shak.

Quiver

Quiv"er, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quivered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quivering.] [Cf. Quaver.] To shake or move with slight and tremulous motion; to tremble; to quake; to shudder; to shiver.
The green leaves quiver with the cooling wind. Shak.
And left the limbs still quivering on the ground. Addison.

Quiver

Quiv"er, n. The act or state of quivering; a tremor.

Quiver

Quiv"er, n. [OF. cuivre, cuevre, coivre, LL. cucurum, fr. OHG. chohh\'beri quiver, receptacle, G. k\'94cher quiver; akin to AS. color, cocur, cocer, D. koker. Cf. Cocker a high shoe.] A case or sheath for arrows to be carried on the person.
Reside him hung his bow And quiver, with three-bolted thunder stored. Milton.

Quivered

Quiv"ered (?), a.

1. Furnished with, or carrying, a quiver. "Like a quivered nymph with arrows keen." Milton.

2. Sheathed, as in a quiver. "Whose quills stand quivered at his ear." Pope.

Quiveringly

Quiv"er*ing*ly (?), adv. With quivering motion.

Qui vive

Qui` vive" (?). [F., fr. qui who + vive, pres. subj. of vivre to live.] The challenge of a French sentinel, or patrol; -- used like the English challenge: "Who comes there?" To be on the qui vive, to be on guard; to be watchful and alert, like a sentinel.

Quixotic

Quix*ot"ic (?), a. Like Don Quixote; romantic to extravagance; absurdly chivalric; apt to be deluded. "Feats of quixotic gallantry." Prescott.

Quixotically

Quix*ot"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In a quixotic way.

Quixotism

Quix"ot*ism (?), n. That form of delusion which leads to extravagant and absurd undertakings or sacrifices in obedience to a morbidly romantic ideal of duty or honor, as illustrated by the exploits of Don Quixote in knight-errantry.

Quixotry

Quix"ot*ry (?), n. Quixotism; visionary schemes.

Quiz

Quiz (?), n. [It is said that Daly, the manager of a Dublin playhouse, laid a wager that a new word of no meaning should be the common talk and puzzle of the city in twenty-fours. In consequence of this the letters q u i z were chalked by him on all the walls of Dublin, with an effect that won the wager. Perhaps, however, originally a variant of whiz, and formerly the name of a popular game.]

1. A riddle or obscure question; an enigma; a ridiculous hoax.

2. One who quizzes others; as, he is a great quiz.

3. An odd or absurd fellow. Smart. Thackeray.

4. An exercise, or a course of exercises, conducted as a coaching or as an examination. [Cant, U.S.]

Quiz

Quiz (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quizzed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quizzing (?).]

1. To puzzle; to banter; to chaff or mock with pretended seriousness of discourse; to make sport of, as by obscure questions.

He quizzed unmercifully all the men in the room. Thackeray.

2. To peer at; to eye suspiciously or mockingly.

3. To instruct in or by a quiz. See Quiz, n., 4. [U.S.] Quizzing glass, a small eyeglass.

Quiz

Quiz, v. i. To conduct a quiz. See Quiz, n., 4. [U.S.]

Quizzer

Quiz"zer (?), n. One who quizzes; a quiz.

Quizzical

Quiz"zic*al (?), a. Relating to quizzing: given to quizzing; of the nature of a quiz; farcical; sportive. -- Quiz"zic*al*ly, adv.

Quizzism

Quiz"zism (?), n. The act or habit of quizzing.

Quob

Quob (?), v. i. [Cf. Quaver.] [Written also quop and quab.] To throb; to quiver. [Local & Vulgar]

Quod

Quod (?), n. [For quad, abbrev. of quadrangle.] A quadrangle or court, as of a prison; hence, a prison. [Slang] "Flogged or whipped in quod." T. Hughes.

Quod

Quod, v. Quoth; said. See Quoth. [Obs.]
"Let be," quod he, "it shall not be." Chaucer.

Quoddies

Quod"dies (?), n. pl. Herring taken and cured or smoked near Quoddy Head, Maine, or near the entrance of Passamaquoddy Ray.

Quodlibet

Quod"li*bet (?), n. [L., what you please.]

1. A nice point; a subtilty; a debatable point.

These are your quodlibets, but no learning. P. Fletcher.

2. (Mus.) A medley improvised by several performers.

Quodlibetarian

Quod"lib*e*ta"ri*an (?), n. One who discusses any subject at pleasure.

Quodlibetical

Quod"li*bet"ic*al (?), a. Not restricted to a particular subject; discussed for curiosity or entertainment. -- Quod`li*bet"ic*al*ly, adv.

Quoif

Quoif (?), n. & v. t. See Coif. Shak.

Quoifffure

Quoiff"fure (?), n. See Coiffure.

Quoil

Quoil (?), n. See Coil. [Obs.]

Quoin

Quoin (?), n. [See Coin, and cf. Coigne.]

1. (Arch.) Originally, a solid exterior angle, as of a building; now, commonly, one of the selected pieces of material by which the corner is marked. &hand; In stone, the quoins consist of blocks larger than those used in the rest of the building, and cut to dimension. In brickwork, quoins consist of groups or masses of brick laid together, and in a certain imitation of quoins of stone. <-- # the various "subdefs" here require the introductory part definition to be complete -->

2. A wedgelike piece of stone, wood metal, or other material, used for various purposes, as: (a) (Masonry) to support and steady a stone. (b) (Gun.) To support the breech of a cannon. (c) (Print.) To wedge or lock up a form within a chase. (d) (Naut.) To prevent casks from rolling. Hollow quoin. See under Hollow. -- Quoin post (Canals), the post of a lock gate which abuts against the wall.

Quoit

Quoit (?), n. [OE. coite; cf. OF. coitier to spur, press, (assumed) LL. coctare, fr. L. coquere, coctum, to cook, burn, vex, harass, E. cook, also W. coete a quoit.]

1. (a) A flattened ring-shaped piece of iron, to be pitched at a fixed object in play; hence, any heavy flat missile used for the same purpose, as a stone, piece of iron, etc. (b) pl. A game played with quoits. Shak.

2. The discus of the ancients. See Discus.

3. A cromlech. [Prov. Eng.] J. Morley.

Quoit

Quoit, v. i. To throw quoits; to play at quoits.
To quoit, to run, and steeds and chariots drive. Dryden.

Quoit

Quoit, v. t. To throw; to pitch. [Obs. or R.] Shak.

Quoke

Quoke (?), obs. imp. of Quake. Chaucer.

Quoll

Quoll (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A marsupial of Australia (Dasyurus macrurus), about the size of a cat.

Quondam

Quon"dam (?), a. [L., formerly.] Having been formerly; former; sometime. "This is the quondam king." Shak.

Quondam

Quon"dam, n. A person dismissed or ejected from a position. [R.] "Make them quondams; . . . cast them out of their office." Latimer.

Quook

Quook (?), imp. of Quake. [Obs.] Spenser.

Quop

Quop (?), v. i. See Quob.

Quorum

Quo"rum (?), n. [L., of whom, gen. pl. of qui who, akin to E. who. See the Note below.] Such a number of the officers or members of any body as is competent by law or constitution to transact business; as, a quorum of the House of Representatives; a constitutional quorum was not present. &hand; The term arose from the Latin words, Quorum aliquem vestrum . . . unum esse volumus (of whom we wish some one of you to be one), which were used in the commission formerly issued to justices of the peace in England, by which commission it was directed that no business of certain kinds should be done without the presence of one or more of certain justices specially designated. Justice of the peace and of the quorum designates a class of justices of the peace in some of the United States.

Quota

Quo"ta (?), n. [LL., fr. L. quota (sc. pars), fr.quotus which or what in number, of what number, how many, fr. quot how many, akin to quis, qui, who: cf. It. quota a share. See Who.] A proportional part or share; the share or proportion assigned to each in a division. "Quota of troops and money."<-- esp. a share of effort required to be performed, or a share of resources required to be obtained for some common purpose. --> Motley.

Quotable

Quot"a*ble (?), a. Capable or worthy of being quoted; as, a quotable writer; a quotable sentence. -- Quot`a*bit"i*ty (#), n. Poe.

Quotation

Quo*ta"tion (?), n. [From Quote.]

1. The act of quoting or citing.

2. That which is quoted or cited; a part of a book or writing named, repeated, or adduced as evidence or illustration. Locke.


Page 1181

3. (Com.) The naming or publishing of the current price of stocks, bonds, or any commodity; also the price named.

4. Quota; share. [Obs.]

5. (print.) A piece of hollow type metal, lower than type, and measuring two or more pica ems in length and breadth, used in the blank spaces at the beginning and end of chapters, etc. Quotation marks (Print.), two inverted commas placed at the beginning, and two apostrophes at the end, of a passage quoted from an author in his own words.

Quotationist

Quo*ta"tion*ist (?) n. One who makes, or is given to making, quotations.
The narrow intellectuals of quotationists. Milton.

Quote

Quote (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Quoting.] [OF. quoter, F. coter to letter, number, to quote, LL. quotare to divide into chapters and verses, fr. L. quotus. See Quota.] [Formerly written also cote.]

1. To cite, as a passage from some author; to name, repeat, or adduce, as a passage from an author or speaker, by way of authority or illustration; as, to quote a passage from Homer.

2. To cite a passage from; to name as the authority for a statement or an opinion; as, to quote Shakespeare.

3. (Com.) To name the current price of.

4. To notice; to observe; to examine. [Obs.] Shak.

5. To set down, as in writing. [Obs.] "He's quoted for a most perfidious slave." Shak. Syn. -- To cite; name; adduce; repeat. Quote, Cite. To cite was originally to call into court as a witness, etc., and hence denotes bringing forward any thing or person as evidence. Quote usually signifies to reproduce another's words; it is also used to indicate an appeal to some one as an authority, without adducing his exact words.

Quote

Quote (?), n. A note upon an author. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

Quoter

Quot"er (?), n. One who quotes the words of another.

Quoth

Quoth (?), v. t. [AS.cwe&edh;an, imp cw\'91&edh;, pl. cw&aemac;don; akin to OS. que&edh;an, OHG. quethan, quedan, Icel. kve&edh;a, Goth. qiþan. &root;22. Cf. Bequeath.] Said; spoke; uttered; -- used only in the first and third persons in the past tenses, and always followed by its nominative, the word or words said being the object; as, quoth I. quoth he. "Let me not live, quoth he." Shak.

Quotha

Quoth"a (?), interj. [For quoth'a, said he, 'a being corrupted from he.] Indeed; forsooth.
To affront the blessed hillside drabs and thieves With mended morals, quotha, -- fine new lives ! Mrs. Browning.

Quotidian

Quo*tid"i*an (?) a. [OE. cotidian, L. quotidianus, fr. quotidie daily; quotus how many + dies day: cf. OF. cotidien, F. quotidien. See Quota, Deity.] Occurring or returning daily; as, a quotidian fever.

Quotidian

Quo*tid"i*an (?), n. Anything returning daily; especially (Med.), an intermittent fever or ague which returns every day. Milton.

Quotient

Quo"tient (?), n. [F., fr. L. quoties how often, how many times, fr. quot how many. See Quota.]

1. (Arith.) The number resulting from the division of one number by another, and showing how often a less number is contained in a greater; thus, the quotient of twelve divided by four is three.

2. (Higher Alg.) The result of any process inverse to multiplication. See the Note under Multiplication.

Quotiety

Quo*ti"e*ty (?), n. [L.quotus of what number, quot how many.] (Scholastic Philos.) The relation of an object to number. Krauth-Fleming.

Quotum

Quo"tum (?) n. [NL., fr. L. quotus of what number. See Quota.] Part or proportion; quota. [R.] "A very small quotum." Max M\'81ller.

Quo warranto

Quo" war*ran"to (?). [So called from the Law L. words quo warranto (by what authority), in the original Latin form of the writ. See Which, and Warrant.] (Law) A writ brought before a proper tribunal, to inquire by what warrant a person or a corporation acts, or exercises certain powers. Blackstone. &hand; An information in the nature of a quo warranto is now common as a substitute for the writ. Wharton.

Quran

Qu*ran", n. See Koran.
Page 1182

Race

Race (?), n. [OF. ra\'8bz, L. radix, -icis. See Radix.] A root. "A race or two of ginger." Shak. Race ginger, ginger in the root, or not pulverized.

Race

Race, n. [F. race; cf. Pr. & Sp. raza, It. razza; all from OHG. reiza line, akin to E. write. See Write.]

1. The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed.

The whole race of mankind. Shak.
Whence the long race of Alban fathers come. Dryden.
&hand; Naturalists and ehnographers divide mankind into several distinct varieties, or races. Cuvier refers them all to three, Pritchard enumerates seven, Agassiz eight, Pickering describes eleven. One of the common classifications is that of Blumenbach, who makes five races: the Caucasian, or white race, to which belong the greater part of the European nations and those of Western Asia; the Mongolian, or yellow race, occupying Tartary, China, Japan, etc.; the Ethiopian, or negro race, occupying most of Africa (except the north), Australia, Papua, and other Pacific Islands; the American, or red race, comprising the Indians of North and South America; and the Malayan, or brown race, which occupies the islands of the Indian Archipelago, etc. Many recent writers classify the Malay and American races as branches of the Mongolian. See Illustration in Appendix.

2. Company; herd; breed.

For do but note a wild and wanton herd, Or race of youthful and unhandled colts, Fetching mad bounds. Shak
.

3. (Bot.) A variety of such fixed character that it may be propagated by seed.

4. Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack. "A race of heaven." Shak.

Is it [the wine] of the right race ? Massinqer.

5. Hence, characteristic quality or disposition. [Obs.]

And now I give my sensual race the rein. Shak.
Some . . . great race of fancy or judgment. Sir W. Temple.
Syn. -- Lineage; line; family; house; breed; offspring; progeny; issue.

Race

Race, n. [OE. ras, res, rees, AS. r&aemac;s a rush, running; akin to Icel. r\'bes course, race. &root;118.]

1. A progress; a course; a movement or progression.

2. Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running.

The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts. Bacon.

3. Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races.

The race is not to the swift. Eccl. ix. 11.
I wield the gauntlet, and I run the race. Pope.

4. Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life.

My race of glory run, and race of shame. Milton.

5. A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney.

6. The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race. &hand; The part of the channel above the wheel is sometimes called the headrace, the part below, the tailrace.

7. (Mach.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc. Race cloth, a cloth worn by horses in racing, having pockets to hold the weights prescribed. -- Race course. (a) The path, generally circular or elliptical, over which a race is run. (b) Same as Race way, below. -- Race cup, a cup given as a prize to the victor in a race. -- Race glass, a kind of field glass. -- Race horse. (a) A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or kept for running races. (b) A breed of horses remarkable for swiftness in running. (c) (Zo\'94l.) The steamer duck. (d) (Zo\'94l.) A mantis. -- Race knife, a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, -- used in shipbuilding. -- Race saddle, a light saddle used in racing. -- Race track. Same as Race course (a), above. -- Race way, the canal for the current that drives a water wheel.

Race

Race, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Raced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Racing (?).]

1. To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port.

2. (Steam Mach.) To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea.

Race

Race, v. t.

1. To cause to contend in race; to drive at high speed; as, to race horses.

2. To run a race with.

Racemate

Ra*ce"mate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of racemic acid.

Racemation

Rac`e*ma"tion (?), n. [L. racematio a gleaning, fr. racemari to glean, racemus a cluster of grapes. See Raceme.]

1. A cluster or bunch, as of grapes. Sir T. Browne.

2. Cultivation or gathering of clusters of grapes. [R.]

Raceme

Ra*ceme" (?), n. [L. racemus a bunch of berries, a cluster of grapes. See Raisin.] (Bot.) A flower cluster with an elongated axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels, as in the currant and chokecherry. Compound raceme, one having the lower pedicels developed into secondary racemes.

Racemed

Ra*cemed" (?), a. (Bot.) Arranged in a raceme, or in racemes.

Racemic

Ra*ce"mic (?), a. [Cf. F. rac\'82mique. See Raceme.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in many kinds of grapes. It is also obtained from tartaric acid, with which it is isomeric, and from sugar, gum, etc., by oxidation. It is a sour white crystalline substance, consisting of a combination of dextrorotatory and levorotatory tartaric acids. Gregory.

Racemiferous

Rac`e*mif"er*ous (?), a. [L. racemifer bearing clusters; racemus cluster + ferre to bear: cf. F. rac\'82mif\'8are.] (Bot.) Bearing racemes, as the currant.

Racemiform

Ra*cem"i*form (?), a. Having the form of a raceme. Gray.

Racemose

Rac"e*mose` (?), a. [L. racemosus full of clusters.] Resembling a raceme; growing in the form of a raceme; as, (Bot.) racemose berries or flowers; (Anat.) the racemose glands, in which the ducts are branched and clustered like a raceme. Gray.

Racemous

Rac"e*mous (?), a. [Cf. F. rac\'82meux.] See Racemose.

Racemule

Rac"e*mule (?), n. (Bot.) A little raceme.

Racemulose

Ra*cem"u*lose` (?), a. (Bot.) Growing in very small racemes.

Racer

Ra"cer (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, races, or contends in a race; esp., a race horse.

And bade the nimblest racer seize the prize. Pope.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The common American black snake.

3. (Mil.) One of the circular iron or steel rails on which the chassis of a heavy gun is turned.

Rach, Rache

Rach, Rache (?), n. [AS.r\'91cc; akin to Icel. rakki.] (Zo\'94l.) A dog that pursued his prey by scent, as distinguished from the greyhound.[Obs.]

Rachialgia

Ra"chi*al"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A painful affection of the spine; especially, Pott's disease; also, formerly, lead colic.

Rachidian

Ra*chid"i*an (?), a. [See Rachis.] (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the rachis; spinal; vertebral. Same as Rhachidian.

Rachilla

Ra*chil"la (?), n. [NL.] Same as Rhachilla.

Rachiodont

Ra"chi*o*dont (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rhachiodont.

Rachis

Ra"chis (?), n.; pl. E. Rachises (#), L. Rachides (#). [NL., fr. Gr. [Written also rhachis.]

1. (Anat.) The spine; the vertebral column.

2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Same as Rhachis.

Rachitic

Ra*chit"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. rachitique. See Rachitis.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to rachitis; affected by rachitis; rickety.

Rachitis

Ra*chi"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. [Written also rhachitis.]

1. (Med.) Literally, inflammation of the spine, but commonly applied to the rickets. See Rickets.

2. (Bot.) A disease which produces abortion in the fruit or seeds. Henslow.

Rachitome

Ra"chi*tome (?), n. [F., fr. Gr. A dissecting instrument for opening the spinal canal. [Written also rachiotome.]

Racial

Ra"cial (?), a. Of or pertaining to a race or family of men; as, the racial complexion.

Racily

Ra"ci*ly (?), adv. In a racy manner.

Raciness

Ra"ci*ness (?), n. The quality of being racy; peculiar and piquant flavor.
The general characteristics of his [Cobbett's] style were perspicuity, unequaled and inimitable; . . . a purity always simple, and raciness often elegant. London Times.

Racing

Ra"cing (?), a. & n. from Race, v. t. & i. Racing crab (Zo\'94l.), an ocypodian.

Rack

Rack (?), n. Same as Arrack.

Rack

Rack, n. [AS. hracca neck, hinder part of the head; cf. AS. hraca throat, G. rachen throat, E. retch.] The neck and spine of a fore quarter of veal or mutton.

Rack

Rack, n. [See Wreck.] A wreck; destruction. [Obs., except in a few phrases.] Rack and ruin, destruction; utter ruin. [Colloq.] -- To go to rack, to perish; to be destroyed. [Colloq.] "All goes to rack." Pepys.

Rack

Rack, n. [Prob. fr. Icel. rek drift, motion, and akin to reka to drive, and E. wrack, wreck. .] Thin, flying, broken clouds, or any portion of floating vapor in the sky. Shak.
The winds in the upper region, which move the clouds above, which we call the rack, . . . pass without noise. Bacon.
And the night rack came rolling up. C. Kingsley.

Rack

Rack, v. i. To fly, as vapor or broken clouds.

Rack

Rack, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Racked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Racking.] [See Rack that which stretches, or Rock, v.] To amble fast, causing a rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace; -- said of a horse. Fuller.

Rack

Rack, n. A fast amble.

Rack

Rack, v. t. [Cf. OF. vin raqu\'82 squeezed from the dregs of the grapes.] To draw off from the lees or sediment, as wine.
It is in common practice to draw wine or beer from the lees (which we call racking), whereby it will clarify much the sooner. Bacon.
Rack vintage, wine cleansed and drawn from the lees. Cowell.

Rack

Rack, n. [Probably fr. D.rek, rekbank, a rack, rekken to stretch; akin to G. reck, reckbank, a rack, recken to stretch, Dan. r\'91kke, Sw. r\'84cka, Icel. rekja to spread out, Goth. refrakjan to stretch out; cf. L. porrigere, Gr. Right, a., Ratch.]

1. An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something. Specifically: (a) An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons.

During the troubles of the fifteenth century, a rack was introduced into the Tower, and was occasionally used under the plea of political necessity. Macaulay.
(b) An instrument for bending a bow. (c) A grate on which bacon is laid. (d) A frame or device of various construction for holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts. (e) A frame on which articles are deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes rack; a bottle rack, etc. (f) (Naut.) A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes; -- called also rack block. Also, a frame to hold shot. (g) (Mining) A frame or table on which ores are separated or washed. (h) A frame fitted to a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky loads. (i) A distaff.

2. (Mech.) A bar with teeth on its face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which is to drive it or be driven by it.

3. That which is extorted; exaction. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys. Mangle rack. (Mach.) See under Mangle. n. -- Rack block. (Naut.) See def. 1 (f), above. -- Rack lashing, a lashing or binding where the rope is tightened, and held tight by the use of a small stick of wood twisted around. -- Rack rail (Railroads), a toothed rack, laid as a rail, to afford a hold for teeth on the driving wheel of locomotive for climbing steep gradients, as in ascending a mountain. -- Rack saw, a saw having wide teeth. -- Rack stick, the stick used in a rack lashing. -- To be on the rack, to suffer torture, physical or mental. -- To live at rack and manger, to live on the best at another's expense. [Colloq.] -- To put to the rack, to subject to torture; to torment.

A fit of the stone puts a kingto the rack, and makes him as miserable as it does the meanest subject. Sir W. Temple.

Rack

Rack (?), v. t.

1. To extend by the application of force; to stretch or strain; specifically, to stretch on the rack or wheel; to torture by an engine which strains the limbs and pulls the joints.

He was racked and miserably tormented. Pope.

2. To torment; to torture; to affect with extreme pain or anguish.

Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair. Milton.

3. To stretch or strain, in a figurative sense; hence, to harass, or oppress by extortion.

The landlords there shamefully rack their tenants. Spenser.
They [landlords] rack a Scripture simile beyond the true intent thereof. Fuller.
Try what my credit can in Venice do; That shall be racked even to the uttermost. Shak.

4. (Mining) To wash on a rack, as metals or ore.

5. (Naut.) To bind together, as two ropes, with cross turns of yarn, marline, etc. To rack one's brains ∨ wits, to exert them to the utmost for the purpose of accomplishing something. Syn. -- To torture; torment; rend; tear.

Rackabones

Rack"a*bones` (?), n. A very lean animal, esp. a horse. [Colloq. U. S.]

Racker

Rack"er (?), n.

1. One who racks.

2. A horse that has a racking gait.

Racket

Rack"et (?), n. [F. raquette; cf. Sp. raquets, It. racchetta, which is perhaps for retichetta, and fr. L. rete a net (cf. Reticule); or perh. from the Arabic; cf. Ar. r\'beha the palm of the hand (used at first to strike the ball), and OF. rachette, rasquette, carpus, tarsus.] [Written also racquet.]

1. A thin strip of wood, having the ends brought together, forming a somewhat elliptical hoop, across which a network of catgut or cord is stretched. It is furnished with a handle, and is used for catching or striking a ball in tennis and similar games.

Each one [of the Indians] has a bat curved like a crosier, and ending in a racket. Bancroft.

2. A variety of the game of tennis played with peculiar long-handled rackets; -- chiefly in the plural. Chaucer.

3. A snowshoe formed of cords stretched across a long and narrow frame of light wood. [Canada]

4. A broad wooden shoe or patten for a man horse, to enable him to step on marshy or soft ground. Racket court, a court for playing the game of rackets.

Racket

Rack"et, v. t. To strike with, or as with, a racket.
Poor man [is] racketed from one temptation to another. Hewyt.

Racket

Rack"et, n. [Gael. racaid a noise, disturbance.]

1. confused, clattering noise; din; noisy talk or sport.

2. A carouse; any reckless dissipation. [Slang]

Racket

Rack"et, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Racketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Racketing.]

1. To make a confused noise or racket.

2. To engage in noisy sport; to frolic. Sterne.

3. To carouse or engage in dissipation. [Slang]

Racketer

Rack"et*er (?), n. One who makes, or engages in, a racket.

Rackett

Rack"ett (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Mus.) An old wind instrument of the double bassoon kind, having ventages but not keys.

Racket-tall

Rack"et-tall (?) n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus Steganura, having two of the tail feathers very long and racket-shaped.

Racket-talled

Rack"et-talled` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having long and spatulate, or racket-shaped, tail feathers.

Rackety

Rack"et*y (?), a. Making a tumultuous noise.

Racking

Rack"ing, n. (Naut.) Spun yarn used in racking ropes.

Rack-rent

Rack"-rent` (?), n. A rent of the full annual value of the tenement, or near it; an excessive or unreasonably high rent. Blackstone.

Rack-rent

Rack"-rent`, v. t. To subject to rack-rent, as a farm or tenant.

Rack-renter

Rack"-rent`er (?), n.

1. One who is subjected to playing rack-rent.

2. One who exacts rack-rent.


Page 1183

Racktail

Rack"tail` (?), n. (Horol.) An arm attached to a swinging notched arc or rack, to let off the striking mechanism of a repeating clock.

Rackwork

Rack"work` (?), n. Any mechanism having a rack, as a rack and pinion.

Racle

Ra"cle (?), a. See Rakel. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Racleness

Ra"cle*ness, n. See Rakelness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Raconteur

Ra`con`teur" (?), n. [F.] A relater; a storyteller.

Racoonda

Ra*coon"da (?), n. [From a native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The coypu.

Racovian

Ra*co"vi*an (?), n. [From Racow.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of Socinians or Unitarians in Poland.

Racquet

Rac"quet (?), n. See Racket.

Racy

Ra"cy (?), a. [Compar. Racier (?); superl. Raciest.] [From Race a tribe, family.]

1. Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich.

The racy wine, Late from the mellowing cask restored to light. Pope.

2. Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively.

Our raciest, most idiomatic popular word. M. Arnold.
Burn's English, though not so racy as his Scotch, is generally correct. H. Coleridge.
The rich and racy humor of a natural converser fresh from the plow. Prof. Wilson.
Syn. -- Spicy; spirited; lively; smart; piquant. -- Racy, Spicy. Racy refers primarily to that peculiar flavor which certain wines are supposed to derive from the soil in which the grapes were grown; and hence we call a style or production racy when it "smacks of the soil," or has an uncommon degree of natural freshness and distinctiveness of thought and language. Spicy, when applied, has reference to a spirit and pungency added by art, seasoning the matter like a condiment. It does not, like racy, suggest native peculiarity. A spicy article in a magazine; a spicy retort. Racy in conversation; a racy remark.
Rich, racy verses, in which we The soil from which they come, taste, smell, and see. Cowley.

Rad

Rad (?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Read, Rede. Spenser.

Radde

Rad"de (?), obs. imp. of Read, Rede. Chaucer.

Raddle

Rad"dle (?), n. [Cf. G. r\'84der, r\'84del, sieve, or perhaps E. reed.]

1. A long, flexible stick, rod, or branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence.

2. A hedge or fence made with raddles; -- called also raddle hedge. Todd.

3. An instrument consisting of a woodmen bar, with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep the warp of a proper width, and prevent tangling when it is wound upon the beam of the loom.

Raddle

Rad"dle, v. t. To interweave or twist together.
Raddling or working it up like basket work. De Foe.

Raddle

Rad"dle, n. [Cf. Ruddle.] A red pigment used in marking sheep, and in some mechanical processes; ruddle. "A ruddle of rouge." Thackeray.

Raddle

Rad"dle, v. t. To mark or paint with, or as with, raddle. "Whitened and raddled old women." Thackeray.

Raddock

Rad"dock (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The ruddock. [Prov. Eng.]

Rade

Rade (?), n. A raid. [Scot.]

Radeau

Ra`deau" (?), n. [F.] A float; a raft.
Three vessels under sail, and one at anchor, above Split Rock, and behind it the radeau Thunderer. W. Irving.

Radial

Ra"di*al (?), a. [Cf. F. radial. See Radius.] Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like, radii or rays; radiated; as, (Bot.) radial projections; (Zo\'94l.) radial vessels or canals; (Anat.) the radial artery. Radial symmetry. (Biol.) See under Symmetry.

Radiale

Ra`di*a"le (?), n.; pl. Radialia (#). [NL. See Radial.]

1. (Anat.) The bone or cartilage of the carpus which articulates with the radius and corresponds to the scaphoid bone in man.

2. pl. (Zo\'94l.) Radial plates in the calyx of a crinoid.

Radially

Ra"di*al*ly (?), adv. In a radial manner.

Radian

Ra"di*an (?), n. [From Radius.] (Math.) An arc of a circle which is equal to the radius, or the angle measured by such an arc.

Radiance, Radiancy

Ra"di*ance (?), Ra"di*an*cy (?), n. The quality of being radiant; brilliancy; effulgence; vivid brightness; as, the radiance of the sun.
Girt with omnipotence, with radiance crowned. Milton.
What radiancy of glory, What light beyond compare ! Neale.
Syn. -- Luster; brilliancy; splendor; glare; glitter.

Radiant

Ra"di*ant (?), a. [L. radians, -antis, p. pr. of radiare to emit rays or beams, fr. radius ray: cf. F. radiant. See Radius, Ray a divergent line.]

1. Emitting or proceeding as from a center; [U.S.] rays; radiating; radiate.

2. Especially, emitting or darting rays of light or heat; issuing in beams or rays; beaming with brightness; emitting a vivid light or splendor; as, the radiant sun.

Mark what radiant state she spreads. Milton.

3. Beaming with vivacity and happiness; as, a radiant face.

4. (Her.) Giving off rays; -- said of a bearing; as, the sun radiant; a crown radiant.

5. (Bot.) Having a raylike appearance, as the large marginal flowers of certain umbelliferous plants; -- said also of the cluster which has such marginal flowers. Radiant energy (Physics), energy given out or transmitted by radiation, as in the case of light and radiant heat. -- Radiant heat, proceeding in right lines, or directly from the heated body, after the manner of light, in distinction from heat conducted or carried by intervening media. -- Radiant point. (Astron.) See Radiant, n., 3.

Radiant

Ra"di*ant, n.

1. (Opt.) The luminous point or object from which light emanates; also, a body radiating light brightly.

2. (Geom.) A straight line proceeding from a given point, or fixed pole, about which it is conceived to revolve.

3. (Astron.) The point in the heavens at which the apparent paths of shooting stars meet, when traced backward, or whence they appear to radiate.

Radiantly

Ra"di*ant*ly (?), adv. In a radiant manner; with glittering splendor.

Radiary

Ra"di*a*ry (?), n. [Cf. F. radiaire.] (Zo\'94l.) A radiate. [Obs.]

Radiata

Ra`di*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. radiatus, p. p. See Radiate.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive artificial group of invertebrates, having all the parts arranged radially around the vertical axis of the body, and the various organs repeated symmetrically in each ray or spheromere. &hand; It includes the c&oe;lenterates and the echinoderms. Formerly, the group was supposed to be a natural one, and was considered one of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom.

Radiate

Ra"di*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Radiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Radiating.] [L. radiatus, p. p. of radiare to furnish with spokes or rays, to radiate, fr. radius. See Radius, Ray a divergent line.]

1. To emit rays; to be radiant; to shine.

Virtues shine more clear In them [kings], and radiant like the sun at noon. Howell.

2. To proceed in direct lines from a point or surface; to issue in rays, as light or heat.

Light radiates from luminous bodies directly to our eyes. Locke.

Radiate

Ra"di*ate, v. t.

1. To emit or send out in direct lines from a point or points; as, to radiate heat.

2. To enlighten; to illuminate; to shed light or brightness on; to irradiate. [R.]

Radiate

Ra"di*ate (?), a. [L. radiatus, p. p.]

1. Having rays or parts diverging from a center; radiated; as, a radiate crystal.

2. (Bot.) Having in a capitulum large ray florets which are unlike the disk florets, as in the aster, daisy, etc.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Radiata.

Radiate

Ra"di*ate, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Radiata.

Radiated

Ra"di*a`ted (?), a.

1. Emitted, or sent forth, in rays or direct lines; as, radiated heat.

2. Formed of, or arranged like, rays or radii; having parts or markings diverging, like radii, from a common center or axis; as, a radiated structure; a radiated group of crystals.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Radiata.

Radiately

Ra"di*ate*ly (?), adv. In a radiate manner; with radiation or divergence from a center.

Radi-ate-veined

Ra"di-ate-veined` (?), a. (Bot.) Having the principal veins radiating, or diverging, from the apex of the petiole; -- said of such leaves as those of the grapevine, most maples, and the castor-oil plant.

Radiatiform

Ra`di*at"i*form (?), a. (Bot.) Having the marginal florets enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads of the cornflower, Gray.

Radiation

Ra`di*a"tion (?), n. [L. radiatio: cf. F. radiation.]

1. The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.

2. The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the radiation of heat.

Radiative

Ra"di*a*tive (?), a. Capable of radiating; acting by radiation. Tyndall.

Radiator

Ra"di*a`tor (?), n. That which radiates or emits rays, whether of light or heat; especially, that part of a heating apparatus from which the heat is radiated or diffused; as, a stream radiator.

Radical

Rad"i*cal (?), a. [F., fr. L. radicalis having roots, fr. radix, -icis, a root. See Radix.]

1. Of or pertaining to the root; proceeding directly from the root.

2. Hence: Of or pertaining to the root or origin; reaching to the center, to the foundation to the ultimate sources to the principles, or the like: original; fundamental; thorough-going; unsparing; extreme; as, radical evils; radical reform; a radical party.

The most determined exertions of that authority, against them, only showed their radical independence. Burke.

3. (Bot.) (a) Belonging to, or proceeding from, the root of a plant; as, radical tubers or hairs. (b) Proceeding from a rootlike stem, or one which does not rise above the ground; as, the radical leaves of the dandelion and the sidesaddle flower.

4. (Philol.) Relating, or belonging, to the root, or ultimate source of derivation; as, a radical verbal form.

5. (Math.) Of or pertaining to a radix or root; as, a radical quantity; a radical sign. See below. Radical axis of two circles. (Geom.) See under Axis. -- Radical pitch, the pitch or tone with which the utterance of a syllable begins. Rush. -- Radical quantity (Alg.), a quantity to which the radical sign is prefixed; specifically, a quantity which is not a perfect power of the degree indicated by the radical sign; a surd. -- Radical sign (Math.), the sign &root; (originally the letter r, the initial of radix, root), placed before any quantity, denoting that its root is to be extracted; thus, &root;a, or &root;(a + b). To indicate any other than the square root, a corresponding figure is placed over the sign; thus &cuberoot;a, indicates the third or cube root of a. -- Radical stress (Elocution), force of utterance falling on the initial part of a syllable or sound. -- Radical vessels (Anat.), minute vessels which originate in the substance of the tissues. Syn. -- Primitive; original; natural; underived; fundamental; entire. -- Radical, Entire. These words are frequently employed as interchangeable in describing some marked alternation in the condition of things. There is, however, an obvious difference between them. A radical cure, reform, etc., is one which goes to the root of the thing in question; and it is entire, in the sense that, by affecting the root, it affects in a appropriate degree the entire body nourished by the root; but it may not be entire in the sense of making a change complete in its nature, as well as in its extent. Hence, we speak of a radical change; a radical improvement; radical differences of opinion; while an entire change, an entire improvement, an entire difference of opinion, might indicate more than was actually intended. A certain change may be both radical and entire, in every sense.

Radical

Rad"i*cal (?), n.

1. (Philol.) (a) A primitive word; a radix, root, or simple, underived, uncompounded word; an etymon. (b) A primitive letter; a letter that belongs to the radix.

The words we at present make use of, and understand only by common agreement, assume a new air and life in the understanding, when you trace them to their radicals, where you find every word strongly stamped with nature; full of energy, meaning, character, painting, and poetry. Cleland.

2. (Politics) One who advocates radical changes in government or social institutions, especially such changes as are intended to level class inequalities; -- opposed to conservative.

In politics they [the Independents] were, to use phrase of their own time. "Root-and-Branch men," or, to use the kindred phrase of our own, Radicals. Macaulay.

3. (Chem.) (a) A characteristic, essential, and fundamental constituent of any compound; hence, sometimes, an atom.

As a general rule, the metallic atoms are basic radicals, while the nonmetallic atoms are acid radicals. J. P. Cooke.
(b) Specifically, a group of two or more atoms, not completely saturated, which are so linked that their union implies certain properties, and are conveniently regarded as playing the part of a single atom; a residue; -- called also a compound radical. Cf. Residue.

4. (Alg.) A radical quantity. See under Radical, a.

An indicated root of a perfect power of the degree indicated is not a radical but a rational quantity under a radical form. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. )

5. (Anat.) A radical vessel. See under Radical, a.

Radicalism

Rad"i*cal*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. radicalisme.] The quality or state of being radical; specifically, the doctrines or principles of radicals in politics or social reform.
Radicalism means root work; the uprooting of all falsehoods and abuses. F. W. Robertson.

Radicality

Rad`i*cal"i*ty (?), n.

1. Germinal principle; source; origination. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. Radicalness; relation to root in essential to a root in essential nature or principle.

Radically

Rad"i*cal*ly (?), adv.

1. In a radical manner; at, or from, the origin or root; fundamentally; as, a scheme or system radically wrong or defective.

2. Without derivation; primitively; essentially. [R.]

These great orbs thus radically bright. Prior.

Radicalness

Rad"i*cal*ness, n. Quality or state of being radical.

Radicant

Rad"i*cant (?), a. [L. radicans, p. pr.: cf. F. radicant. See Radicate, a.] (Bot.) Taking root on, or above, the ground; rooting from the stem, as the trumpet creeper and the ivy.

Radicate

Rad"i*cate (?), a. [L. radicatus, p. p. of radicari to take root, fr. radix. See Radix.] Radicated.

Radicate

Rad"i*cate (?), v. i. To take root; to become rooted. Evelyn.

Radicate

Rad"i*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Radicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Radicating.] To cause to take root; to plant deeply and firmly; to root.
Time should . . . rather confirm and radicate in us the remembrance of God's goodness. Barrow.

Radicated

Rad"i*ca`ted (?), a. Rooted; specifically: (a) (Bot.) Having roots, or possessing a well-developed root. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Having rootlike organs for attachment.

Radication

Rad`i*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. radication.]

1. The process of taking root, or state of being rooted; as, the radication of habits.

2. (Bot.) The disposition of the roots of a plant.

Radicel

Rad"i*cel (?), n. [Dim. of radix.] (Bot.) A small branch of a root; a rootlet.

Radiciflorous

Ra*dic`i*flo"rous (?), a. [L. radix, -icis, root + flos, floris, a flower.] (Bot.) Rhizanthous.

Radiciform

Ra*dic"i*form (?), a. (Bot.) Having the nature or appearance of a radix or root.

Radicle

Rad"i*cle (?), n. [L. radicula, dim. of radix, -icis, root: cf. F. radicule. See Radix.] (Bot.) (a) The rudimentary stem of a plant which supports the cotyledons in the seed, and from which the root is developed downward; the stem of the embryo; the caulicle. (b) A rootlet; a radicel.

Radicular

Ra*dic"u*lar (?), a. Of or performance to roots, or the root of a plant.

Radicule

Rad"i*cule (?), n. A radicle.

Radiculose

Ra*dic"u*lose` (?), a. (Bot.) Producing numerous radicles, or rootlets.

Radii

Ra"di*i (?), n., pl. of Radius.

Radio-

Ra"di*o- (?). A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, a radius or ray; specifically (Anat.), with the radius of the forearm; as, radio-ulnar, radiomuscular, radiocarpal.

Radio-flagellata

Ra`di*o-flag`el*la"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Radiate, and Flagellata.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of Protozoa having both flagella and pseudopodia.

Radiograph

Ra"di*o*graph (?), n. [Radio- + -graph.] (Phys.) A picture produced by the R\'94ntgen rays upon a sensitive surface, photographic or fluorescent, especially a picture of opaque objects traversed by the rays.<-- also X-ray photo or X-ray -->
Page 1184

Radiolaria

Ra`di*o*la"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Radioli.] (Zo\'94l.) Order of rhizopods, usually having a siliceous skeleton, or shell, and sometimes radiating spicules. The pseudopodia project from the body like rays. It includes the polycystines. See Polycystina.

Radiolarian

Ra`di*o*la"ri*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Radiolaria. -- n. One of the Radiolaria.

Radioli

Ra*di"o*li (?), n. pl.; sing. Radiolus (. [NL., dim. of L. radius radius: cf. L. radiolus a feeble sunbeam.] (Zo\'94l.) The barbs of the radii of a feather; barbules.

Radiolite

Ra"di*o*lite (?), n. [L. radius ray + -lite: cf. F. radiolithe.] (Paleon.) A hippurite.

Radiometer

Ra`di*om"e*ter (?), n. [L. radius radius + -meter: cf. F. radiom\'8atre.]

1. (Naut.) A forestaff.

2. (Physics) An instrument designed for measuring the mechanical effect of radiant energy. &hand; It consists of a number of light discs, blackened on one side, placed at the ends of extended arms, supported on an a pivot in an exhausted glass vessel. When exposed to rays of light or heat, the arms rotate.

Radiomicrometer

Ra`di*o*mi*crom"e*ter (?), n. [Radio- + micrometer.] (Physics) A very sensitive modification or application of the thermopile, used for indicating minute changes of radiant heat, or temperature.

Radiophone

Ra"di*o*phone (?), [Radio- + Gr. (Physics) An apparatus for the production of sound by the action of luminous or thermal rays. It is essentially the same as the photophone. <-- 2. a telephone using radio waves -->

Radiophony

Ra`di*oph"o*ny (?), n. (Physics) The art or practice of using the radiophone.

Radious

Ra"di*ous (?), a. [L. radiosus.]

1. Consisting of rays, and light. [R.] Berkeley.

2. Radiating; radiant. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

Radish

Rad"ish (?), n. [F. radis; cf. It. radice, Pr. raditz: all fr. L. radix, -icis, a root, an edible root, especially a radish, akin to E. wort. See Wort, and cf. Eradicate, Race a root, Radix.] (Bot.) The pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant (Paphanus sativus); also, the whole plant. Radish fly (Zo\'94l.), a small two-winged fly (Anthomyia raphani) whose larv\'91 burrow in radishes. It resembles the onion fly. -- Rat-tailed radish (Bot.), an herb (Raphanus caudatus) having a long, slender pod, which is sometimes eaten. -- Wild radish (Bot.), the jointed charlock.

Radius

Ra"di*us (?), n.; pl. L. Radii (#); E. Radiuses (#). [L., a staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, radius, ray. See Ray a divergent line.]

1. (Geom.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or sphere.

2. (Anat.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium, corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust. of Artiodactyla. &hand; The radius is on the same side of the limb as the thumb, or pollex, and in man it so articulated that its lower end is capable of partial rotation about the ulna.

3. (Bot.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.

4. pl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The barbs of a perfect. (b) Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.

5. The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument. Knight. Radius bar (Math.), a bar pivoted at one end, about which it swings, and having its other end attached to a piece which it causes to move in a circular arc. -- Radius of curvature. See under Curvature.

Radius vector

Ra"di*us vec"tor (?).

1. (Math.) A straight line (or the length of such line) connecting any point, as of a curve, with a fixed point, or pole, round which the straight line turns, and to which it serves to refer the successive points of a curve, in a system of polar co\'94rdinates. See Co\'94rdinate, n.

2. (Astron.) An ideal straight line joining the center of an attracting body with that of a body describing an orbit around it, as a line joining the sun and a planet or comet, or a planet and its satellite.

Radix

Ra"dix (?), n.; pl. Radices (#), E. Radixes (#). [L. radix, -icis, root. See Radish.]

1. (Philol.) A primitive, from which spring other words; a radical; a root; an etymon.

2. (Math.) (a) A number or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any system; a base. Thus, 10 is the radix, or base, of the common system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of numeration. (b) (Alg.) A finite expression, from which a series is derived. [R.] Hutton.

3. (Bot.) The root of a plant.

Radula

Rad"u*la (?), n.; pl. Radul\'91 (#). [L., a scraper, fr. radere to scrape.] (Zo\'94l.) The chitinous ribbon bearing the teeth of mollusks; -- called also lingual ribbon, and tongue. See Odontophore.

Raduliform

Ra*du"li*form (?), a. [L. radula a scraper + -form.] Rasplike; as, raduliform teeth.

Raff

Raff (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Raffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Raffing.] [OF. raffer, of German origin; cf. G. raffen; akin to E. rap to snatch. See Rap, and cf. Riffraff, Rip to tear.] To sweep, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to take by a promiscuous sweep. [Obs.]
Causes and effects which I thus raff up together. Carew.

Raff

Raff, n.

1. A promiscuous heap; a jumble; a large quantity; lumber; refuse. "A raff of errors." Barrow.

2. The sweepings of society; the rabble; the mob; -- chiefly used in the compound or duplicate, riffraff.

3. A low fellow; a churl. Raff merchant, a dealer in lumber and odd refuse. [Prov. Eng.]

Raffaelesque

Raf`fa*el*esque" (?), a. Raphaelesque.

Raffia

Raf"fi*a (?), n. (Bot.) A fibrous material used for tying plants, said to come from the leaves of a palm tree of the genus Raphia. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).

Raffinose

Raf"fi*nose` (?), n. [F. raffiner to refine.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained from the molasses of the sugar beet.

Raffish

Raff"ish (?), a. Resembling, or having the character of, raff, or a raff; worthless; low.
A sad, raffish, disreputable character. Thackeray.

Raffle

Raf"fle (?), n. [F. rafle; faire rafle to sweep stakes, fr. rafter to carry or sweep away, rafler tout to sweep stakes; of German origin; cf. G. raffeln to snatch up, to rake. See Raff, v.]

1. A kind of lottery, in which several persons pay, in shares, the value of something put up as a stake, and then determine by chance (as by casting dice) which one of them shall become the sole possessor.

2. A game of dice in which he who threw three alike won all the stakes. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

Raffle

Raf"fle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Raffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Raffling (?).] To engage in a raffle; as, to raffle for a watch.

Raffle

Raf"fle, v. t. To dispose of by means of a raffle; -- often followed by off; as, to raffle off a horse.

Raffler

Raf"fler (?), n. One who raffles.

Rafflesia

Raf*fle"si*a (?), n. [NL. Named from its discoverer, Sir S. Raffle.] (Bot.) A genus of stemless, leafless plants, living parasitically upon the roots and stems of grapevines in Malaysia. The flowers have a carrionlike odor, and are very large, in one species (Rafflesia Arnoldi) having a diameter of two or three feet.

Raft

Raft (?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Reave. Spenser.

Raft

Raft, n. [Originally, a rafter, spar, and fr. Icel. raptr a rafter; akin to Dan. raft, Prov. G. raff a rafter, spar; cf. OHG. r\'befo, r\'bevo, a beam, rafter, Icel. r\'bef roof. Cf. Rafter, n.]

1. A collection of logs, boards, pieces of timber, or the like, fastened, together, either for their own collective conveyance on the water, or to serve as a support in conveying other things; a float.

2. A collection of logs, fallen trees, etc. (such as is formed in some Western rivers of the United States), which obstructs navigation. [U.S.]

3. [Perhaps akin to raff a heap.] A large collection of people or things taken indiscriminately. [Slang, U. S.] "A whole raft of folks." W. D. Howells. Raft bridge. (a) A bridge whose points of support are rafts. (b) A bridge that consists of floating timbers fastened together. -- Raft duck. [The name alludes to its swimming in dense flocks.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The bluebill, or greater scaup duck; -- called also flock duck. See Scaup. (b) The redhead. -- Raft port (Naut.), a large, square port in a vessel's side for loading or unloading timber or other bulky articles; a timber or lumber port.

Raft

Raft, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rafted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rafting.] To transport on a raft, or in the form of a raft; to make into a raft; as, to raft timber.

Rafte

Raf"te (?), obs. imp. of Reave. Chaucer.

Rafter

Raft"er (?), n. A raftsman.

Rafter

Raft"er, n. [AS. r\'91fter; akin to E. raft, n. See Raft.] (Arch.) Originally, any rough and somewhat heavy piece of timber. Now, commonly, one of the timbers of a roof which are put on sloping, according to the inclination of the roof. See Illust. of Queen-post.
[Courtesy] oft is sooner found in lowly sheds, With smoky rafters, than in tapestry halls. Milton.

Rafter

Raft"er, v. t.

1. To make into rafters, as timber.

2. To furnish with rafters, as a house.

3. (Agric.) To plow so as to turn the grass side of each furrow upon an unplowed ridge; to ridge. [Eng.]

Rafting

Raft"ing, n. The business of making or managing rafts.

Raftsman

Rafts"man (?), n.; pl. Raftsmen (. A man engaged in rafting.

Rafty

Raf"ty (?), a. [Perhaps akin to G. reif hoarfrost.] Damp; musty. [Prov. Eng.]

Rag

Rag (?), v. t. [Cf. Icel. r\'91gja to calumniate, OHG, ruogen to accuse, G. r\'81gen to censure, AS. wr&emac;gan, Goth. wr&omac;hjan to accuse.] To scold or rail at; to rate; to tease; to torment; to banter. [Prov. Eng.] Pegge.

Rag

Rag, n. [OE. ragge, probably of Scand, origin; cf. Icel. r\'94gg rough hair. Cf. Rug, n.]

1. A piece of cloth torn off; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred; a tatter; a fragment.

Cowls, hoods, and habits, with their wearers, tossed, And fluttered into rags. Milton.
Not having otherwise any rag of legality to cover the shame of their cruelty. Fuller.

2. pl. Hence, mean or tattered attire; worn-out dress.

And virtue, though in rags, will keep me warm. Dryden.

3. A shabby, beggarly fellow; a ragamuffin.

The other zealous rag is the compositor. B. Jonson.
Upon the proclamation, they all came in, both tag and rag. Spenser.

4. (Geol.) A coarse kind of rock, somewhat cellular in texture.

5. (Metal Working) A ragged edge.

6. A sail, or any piece of canvas. [Nautical Slang]

Our ship was a clipper with every rag set. Lowell.
Rag bolt, an iron pin with barbs on its shank to retain it in place. -- Rag carpet, a carpet of which the weft consists of narrow of cloth sewed together, end to end. -- Rag dust, fine particles of ground-up rags, used in making papier-mach\'82 and wall papers. -- Rag wheel. (a) A chain wheel; a sprocket wheel. (b) A polishing wheel made of disks of cloth clamped together on a mandrel. -- Rag wool, wool obtained by tearing woolen rags into fine bits, shoddy.

Rag

Rag (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ragged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ragging (?).] To become tattered. [Obs.]

Rag

Rag, v. t.

1. To break (ore) into lumps for sorting.

2. To cut or dress roughly, as a grindstone.

Ragabash, Ragabrash

Rag"a*bash` (?), Rag"a*brash` (?), n. An idle, ragged person. Nares. Grose.

Ragamuffin

Rag`a*muf"fin (?), n. [Cf. Ragamofin, the name of a demon in some of the old mysteries.]

1. A paltry or disreputable fellow; a mean which. Dryden.

2. A person who wears ragged clothing. [Colloq.]

3. (Zo\'94l.) The long-tailed titmouse. [Prov. Eng.]

Rage

Rage (?), n. [F., fr. L. rabies, fr. rabere to rave; cf. Skr. rabh to seize, rabhas violence. Cf. Rabid, Rabies, Rave.]

1. Violent excitement; eager passion; extreme vehemence of desire, emotion, or suffering, mastering the will. "In great rage of pain." Bacon.

He appeased the rage of hunger with some scraps of broken meat. Macaulay.
Convulsed with a rage of grief. Hawthorne.

2. Especially, anger accompanied with raving; overmastering wrath; violent anger; fury.

torment, and loud lament, and furious rage. Milton.

3. A violent or raging wind. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. The subject of eager desire; that which is sought after, or prosecuted, with unreasonable or excessive passion; as, to be all the rage. Syn. -- Anger; vehemence; excitement; passion; fury. See Anger.

Rage

Rage, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Raged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Raging (?).] [OF. ragier. See Rage, n.]

1. To be furious with anger; to be exasperated to fury; to be violently agitated with passion. "Whereat he inly raged." Milton.

When one so great begins to rage, he a hunted Even to falling. Shak.

2. To be violent and tumultuous; to be violently driven or agitated; to act or move furiously; as, the raging sea or winds.

Why do the heathen rage ? Ps. ii. 1.
The madding wheels Of brazen chariots raged; dire was the noise. Milton.

3. To ravage; to prevail without restraint, or with destruction or fatal effect; as, the plague raged in Cairo.

4. To toy or act wantonly; to sport. [Obs.] Chaucer. Syn. -- To storm; fret; chafe; fume.

Rage

Rage, v. t. To enrage. [Obs.] Shak.

Rageful

Rage"ful (?), a. Full of rage; expressing rage. [Obs.] "Rageful eyes." Sir P. Sidney.

Ragery

Ra"ger*y (?), n. Wantonness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ragged

Rag"ged (?), a. [From Rag, n.]

1. Rent or worn into tatters, or till the texture is broken; as, a ragged coat; a ragged sail.

2. Broken with rough edges; having jags; uneven; rough; jagged; as, ragged rocks.

3. Hence, harsh and disagreeable to the ear; dissonant. [R.] "A ragged noise of mirth." Herbert.

4. Wearing tattered clothes; as, a ragged fellow.

5. Rough; shaggy; rugged.

What shepherd owns those ragged sheep ? Dryden.
Ragged lady (Bot.), the fennel flower (Nigella Damascena). -- Ragged robin (Bot.), a plant of the genus Lychnis (L. Flos-cuculi), cultivated for its handsome flowers, which have the petals cut into narrow lobes. -- Ragged sailor (Bot.), prince's feather (Polygonum orientale). -- Ragged school, a free school for poor children, where they are taught and in part fed; -- a name given at first because they came in their common clothing. [Eng.] -- Rag"ged*ly, adv. -- Rag"ged*ness, n.

Raggie, ∨ Raggy

Rag"gie (?), ∨ Rag"gy, a. Ragged; rough. [Obs.] "A stony and raggie hill." Holland.

Raghuvansa

Ragh`u*van"sa (?), n. [Skr. Raguva&msdot;&cced;a.] A celebrated Sanskrit poem having for its subject the Raghu dynasty.

Raging

Ra"ging (?), a. & n. from Rage, v. i. -- Ra"*ging*ly, adv.

Ragious

Ra"gious (?), a. Raging; furious; rageful. [Obs.] -- Ra"gious*ness, n. [Obs.]

Raglan

Rag"lan (?), n. A loose overcoat with large sleeves; -- named from Lord Raglan, an English general.

Ragman

Rag"man (?), n.; pl. Ragmen (. A man who collects, or deals in, rags.

Ragman

Rag"man, n. [See Ragman's roll.] A document having many names or numerous seals, as a papal bull. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Ragman's roll

Rag"man's roll` (?). [For ragman roll a long list of names, the devil's roll or list; where ragman is of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. ragmenni a craven person, Sw. raggen the devil. Icel. ragmenni is fr. ragr cowardly (another form of argr, akin to AS. earg cowardly, vile, G. arg bad) + menni (in comp.) man, akin to E. man. See Roll, and cf. Rigmarole.] The rolls of deeds on parchment in which the Scottish nobility and gentry subscribed allegiance to Edward I. of England, A. D. 1296. [Also written ragman-roll.]

Ragout

Ra*gout" (?), n. [F. rago\'96t, fr. rago\'96ter to restore one's appetite, fr. L. pref. re- re- + ad to + gustare to taste, gustus taste. See Gust relish.] A dish made of pieces of meat, stewed, and highly seasoned; as, a ragout of mutton.

Ragpicker

Rag"pick`er (?), n. One who gets a living by picking up rags and refuse things in the streets.

Raguled, Ragguled

Ra*guled" (?), Rag*guled" (?), a. [Cf. F. raguer to chafe, fret, rub, or E. rag.] (Her.) Notched in regular diagonal breaks; -- said of a line, or a bearing having such an edge.
Page 1185

Ragweed

Rag"weed (?), n. (Bot.) A common American composite weed (Ambrosia artemisi\'91folia) with finely divided leaves; hogweed. Great ragweed, a coarse American herb (Ambrosia trifida), with rough three-lobed opposite leaves.

Ragwork

Rag"work` (?), n. (Masonry) A kind of rubblework. In the United States, any rubblework of thin and small stones.

Ragwort

Rag"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several species of the composite genus Senecio. &hand; Senecio aureus is the golden ragwort of the United States: S. elegans is the purple ragwort of South Africa.

Raia

Ra"ia (?), n. [L., a ray. Cf. Ray the fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of rays which includes the skates. See Skate.

Rai\'91

Ra"i\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL. See Raia.] (Zo\'94l.) The order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and rays; -- called also Raj\'91, and Rajii.

Raid

Raid (?), n. [Icel. rei&edh; a riding, raid; akin to E. road. See Road a way.]

1. A hostile or predatory incursion; an inroad or incursion of mounted men; a sudden and rapid invasion by a cavalry force; a foray.

Marauding chief! his sole delight. The moonlight raid, the morning fight. Sir W. Scott.
There are permanent conquests, temporary occupation, and occasional raids. H. Spenser.
&hand; A Scottish word which came into common use in the United States during the Civil War, and was soon extended in its application.

2. An attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering; as, a raid of the police upon a gambling house; a raid of contractors on the public treasury. [Colloq. U. S.]

Raid

Raid, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Raided; p. pr. & vb. n. Raiding.] To make a raid upon or into; as, two regiments raided the border counties.

Raider

Raid"er (?), n. One who engages in a raid. [U.S.]

Rail

Rail (?), n. [OE. reil, re\'f4el, AS. hr\'91gel, hr\'91gl a garment; akin to OHG. hregil, OFries. hreil.] An outer cloak or covering; a neckerchief for women. Fairholt.

Rail

Rail, v. i. [Etymol. uncertain.] To flow forth; to roll out; to course. [Obs.]
Streams of tears from her fair eyes forth railing. Spenser.

Rail

Rail, n. [Akin to LG. & Sw. regel bar, bolt, G. riegel a rail, bar, or bolt, OHG, rigil, rigel, bar, bolt, and possibly to E. row a line.]

1. A bar of timber or metal, usually horizontal or nearly so, extending from one post or support to another, as in fences, balustrades, staircases, etc.

2. (Arch.) A horizontal piece in a frame or paneling. See Illust. of Style.

3. (Railroad) A bar of steel or iron, forming part of the track on which the wheels roll. It is usually shaped with reference to vertical strength, and is held in place by chairs, splices, etc.

4. (Naut.) (a) The stout, narrow plank that forms the top of the bulwarks. (b) The light, fencelike structures of wood or metal at the break of the deck, and elsewhere where such protection is needed. Rail fence. See under Fence. -- Rail guard. (a) A device attached to the front of a locomotive on each side for clearing the rail obstructions. (b) A guard rail. See under Guard. -- Rail joint (Railroad), a splice connecting the adjacent ends of rails, in distinction from a chair, which is merely a seat. The two devices are sometimes united. Among several hundred varieties, the fish joint is standard. See Fish joint, under Fish. -- Rail train (Iron & Steel Manuf.), a train of rolls in a rolling mill, for making rails for railroads from blooms or billets.

Rail

Rail, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Railed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Railing.]

1. To inclose with rails or a railing.

It ought to be fenced in and railed. Ayliffe.

2. To range in a line. [Obs.]

They were brought to London all railed in ropes, like a team of horses in a cart. Bacon.

Rail

Rail, n. [F. r\'83le, fr. r\'83ler to have a rattling in the throat; of German origin, and akin to E. rattle. See Rattle, v.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of limicoline birds of the family Rallid\'91, especially those of the genus Rallus, and of closely allied genera. They are prized as game birds. &hand; The common European water rail (Rallus aquaticus) is called also bilcock, skitty coot, and brook runner. The best known American species are the clapper rail, or salt-marsh hen (Rallus lonqirostris, var. crepitans); the king, or red-breasted, rail (R. elegans) (called also fresh-water marshhen); the lesser clapper, or Virginia, rail (R. Virginianus); and the Carolina, or sora, rail (Porzana Carolina). See Sora. Land rail (Zo\'94l.), the corncrake.

Rail

Rail, v. i. [F. railler; cf. Sp. rallar to grate, scrape, molest; perhaps fr. (assumed) LL. radiculare, fr. L. radere to scrape, grate. Cf. Rally to banter, Rase.] To use insolent and reproachful language; to utter reproaches; to scoff; followed by at or against, formerly by on. Shak.
And rail at arts he did not understand. Dryden.
Lesbia forever on me rails. Swift.

Rail

Rail (?), v. t.

1. To rail at. [Obs.] Feltham.

2. To move or influence by railing. [R.]

Rail the seal from off my bond. Shak.

Railer

Rail"er (?), n. One who rails; one who scoffs, insults, censures, or reproaches with opprobrious language.

Railing

Rail"ing, a. Expressing reproach; insulting.
Angels which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them. 2 Pet. ii. 11.

Railing

Rail"ing, n.

1. A barrier made of a rail or of rails.

2. Rails in general; also, material for making rails.

Railingly

Rail"ing*ly, adv. With scoffing or insulting language.

Railery

Rail"er*y (?; 277), n. [F. raillerie, fr. railler. See Rail to scoff.] Pleasantry or slight satire; banter; jesting language; satirical merriment.
Let raillery be without malice or heat. B. Jonson.
Studies employed on low objects; the very naming of them is sufficient to turn them into raillery. Addison.

Railleur

Rail`leur" (?), n. [F.] A banterer; a jester; a mocker. [R.] Wycherley.

Railroad, Railway

Rail"road` (?), Rail"way` (?), n.

1. A road or way consisting of one or more parallel series of iron or steel rails, patterned and adjusted to be tracks for the wheels of vehicles, and suitably supported on a bed or substructure. &hand; The modern railroad is a development and adaptation of the older tramway.

2. The road, track, etc., with al the lands, buildings, rolling stock, franchises, etc., pertaining to them and constituting one property; as, certain railroad has been put into the hands of a receiver. &hand; Railway is the commoner word in England; railroad the commoner word in the United States. &hand; In the following and similar phrases railroad and railway are used interchangeably: -- Atmospheric railway, Elevated railway, etc. See under Atmospheric, Elevated, etc. -- Cable railway. See Cable road, under Cable. -- Perry railway, a submerged track on which an elevated platform runs, fro carrying a train of cars across a water course. -- Gravity railway, a railway, in a hilly country, on which the cars run by gravity down gentle slopes for long distances after having been hauled up steep inclines to an elevated point by stationary engines. -- Railway brake, a brake used in stopping railway cars or locomotives. -- Railway car, a large, heavy vehicle with flanged wheels fitted for running on a railway. [U.S.] -- Railway carriage, a railway passenger car. [Eng.] -- Railway scale, a platform scale bearing a track which forms part of the line of a railway, for weighing loaded cars. -- Railway slide. See Transfer table, under Transfer. -- Railway spine (Med.), an abnormal condition due to severe concussion of the spinal cord, such as occurs in railroad accidents. It is characterized by ataxia and other disturbances of muscular function, sensory disorders, pain in the back, impairment of general health, and cerebral disturbance, -- the symptoms often not developing till some months after the injury. -- Underground railroad ∨ railway. (a) A railroad or railway running through a tunnel, as beneath the streets of a city. (b) Formerly, a system of co\'94peration among certain active antislavery people in the United States, by which fugitive slaves were secretly helped to reach Canada. [In the latter sense railroad, and not railway, was used.] "Their house was a principal entrep\'93t of the underground railroad." W. D. Howells.

Railroading

Rail"road`ing, n. The construction of a railroad; the business of managing or operating a railroad. [Colloq. U. S.]

Raiment

Rai"ment (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. arraiment. See Array.]

1. Clothing in general; vesture; garments; -- usually singular in form, with a collective sense.

Living, both food and raiment she supplies. Dryden.

2. An article of dress. [R. or Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

Rain

Rain (?), n. & v. Reign. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rain

Rain (?), n. [OF. rein, AS. regen; akin to OFries. rein, D. & G. regen, OS. & OHG. regan, Icel., Dan., & Sw. regn, Goth. rign, and prob. to L. rigare to water, to wet; cf. Gr. Water falling in drops from the clouds; the descent of water from the clouds in drops.
Rain is water by the heat of the sun divided into very small parts ascending in the air, till, encountering the cold, it be condensed into clouds, and descends in drops. Ray.
Fair days have oft contracted wind and rain. Milton.
&hand; Rain is distinguished from mist by the size of the drops, which are distinctly visible. When water falls in very small drops or particles, it is called mist; and fog is composed of particles so fine as to be not only individually indistinguishable, but to float or be suspended in the air. See Fog, and Mist. Rain band (Meteorol.), a dark band in the yellow portion of the solar spectrum near the sodium line, caused by the presence of watery vapor in the atmosphere, and hence sometimes used in weather predictions. -- Rain bird (Zo\'94l.), the yaffle, or green woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.] The name is also applied to various other birds, as to Saurothera vetula of the West Indies. -- Rain fowl (Zo\'94l.), the channel-bill cuckoo (Scythrops Nov\'91-Hollandi\'91) of Australia. -- Rain gauge, an instrument of various forms measuring the quantity of rain that falls at any given place in a given time; a pluviometer; an ombrometer. -- Rain goose (Zo\'94l.), the red-throated diver, or loon. [Prov. Eng.] -- Rain prints (Geol.), markings on the surfaces of stratified rocks, presenting an appearance similar to those made by rain on mud and sand, and believed to have been so produced. -- Rain quail. (Zo\'94l.) See Quail, n., 1. -- Rain water, water that has fallen from the clouds in rain.

Rain

Rain, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Raining.] [AS. regnian, akin to G. regnen, Goth. rignjan. See Rain, n.]

1. To fall in drops from the clouds, as water; used mostly with it for a nominative; as, it rains.

The rain it raineth every day. Shak.

2. To fall or drop like water from the clouds; as, tears rained from their eyes.

Rain

Rain (?), v. t.

1. To pour or shower down from above, like rain from the clouds.

Then said the Lord unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you. Ex. xvi. 4.

2. To bestow in a profuse or abundant manner; as, to rain favors upon a person.

Rainbow

Rain"bow` (?), n. [AS. regenboga, akin to G. regenbogen. See Rain, and Bow anything bent,] A bow or arch exhibiting, in concentric bands, the several colors of the spectrum, and formed in the part of the hemisphere opposite to the sun by the refraction and reflection of the sun's rays in drops of falling rain. &hand; Besides the ordinary bow, called also primary rainbow, which is formed by two refractions and one reflection, there is also another often seen exterior to it, called the secondary rainbow, concentric with the first, and separated from it by a small interval. It is formed by two refractions and two reflections, is much fainter than the primary bow, and has its colors arranged in the reverse order from those of the latter. Lunar rainbow, a fainter arch or rainbow, formed by the moon. -- Marine rainbow, ∨ Sea bow, a similar bow seen in the spray of waves at sea. -- Rainbow trout (Zo\'94l.), a bright-colored trout (Salmoirideus), native of the mountains of California, but now extensively introduced into the Eastern States. Japan, and other countries; -- called also brook trout, mountain trout, and golden trout. -- Rainbow wrasse. (Zo\'94l.) See under Wrasse. -- Supernumerary rainbow, a smaller bow, usually of red and green colors only, sometimes seen within the primary or without the secondary rainbow, and in contact with them.

Rainbowed

Rain"bowed` (?), a. Formed with or like a rainbow.

Raindeer

Rain"deer` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Reindeer. [Obs.]

Raindrop

Rain"drop` (?), n. A drop of rain.

Rainfall

Rain"fall` (?), n. A fall or descent of rain; the water, or amount of water, that falls in rain; as, the average annual rainfall of a region.
Supplied by the rainfall of the outer ranges of Sinchul and Singaleleh. Hooker.

Raininess

Rain"i*ness (?), n. The state of being rainy.

Rainless

Rain"less, a. Destitute of rain; as, a rainless region.

Rain-tight

Rain"-tight` (?), a. So tight as to exclude rain as, a rain-tight roof.

Rainy

Rain"y (?), a. [AS. regenig.] Abounding with rain; wet; showery; as, rainy day or season.

Raip

Raip (?), n. [Cf. Icel. reip rope. Cf. Rope.] A rope; also, a measure equal to a rod. [Scot.]

Rais

Rais (?), n. Same as 2d Reis.

Raisable

Rais"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being raised.

Raise

Raise (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Raised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Raising.] [OE. reisen, Icel. reisa, causative of r\'c6sa to rise. See Rise, and cf. Rear to raise.]

1. To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight. Hence, figuratively: -- (a) To bring to a higher condition or situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance; as, to raise from a low estate; to raise to office; to raise the price, and the like.

This gentleman came to be raised to great titles. Clarendon.
The plate pieces of eight were raised three pence in the piece. Sir W. Temple.
(b) To increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace. (c) To elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room.

2. To cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff. Hence: -- (a) To cause to spring up from recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse.

They shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep. Job xiv. 12.
(b) To rouse to action; to stir up; to incite to tumult, struggle, or war; to excite.
He commandeth, and raiseth the stormy wind. Ps. cvii. 25.
\'92neas . . . employs his pains, In parts remote, to raise the Tuscan swains. Dryden.
(c) To bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to.
Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you, that God should raise the dead ? Acts xxvi. 8.

3. To cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like. Hence, specifically: -- (a) To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect; as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones.

I will raise forts against thee. Isa. xxxix. 3.
(b) To bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like. "To raise up a rent." Chaucer. (c) To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle. "He raised sheep." "He raised wheat where none grew before." Johnson's Dict.
Page 1186

&hand; In some parts of the United States, notably in the Southern States, raise in also commonly applied to the rearing or bringing up of children.

I was raised, as they say in Virginia, among the mountains of the North. Paulding.
(d) To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with up.
I will raise them up a prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee. Deut. xviii. 18.
God vouchsafes to raise another world From him [Noah], and all his anger to forget. Milton.
(e) To give rise to; to set agoing; to occasion; to start; to originate; as, to raise a smile or a blush.
Thou shalt not raise a false report. Ex. xxiii. 1.
(f) To give vent or utterance to; to utter; to strike up.
Soon as the prince appears, they raise a cry. Dryden.
(g) To bring to notice; to submit for consideration; as, to raise a point of order; to raise an objection.

4. To cause to rise, as by the effect of leaven; to make light and spongy, as bread.

Miss Liddy can dance a jig, and raise paste. Spectator.

5. (Naut.) (a) To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it; as, to raise Sandy Hook light. (b) To let go; as in the command, Raise tacks and sheets, i. e., Let go tacks and sheets.

6. (Law) To create or constitute; as, to raise a use that is, to create it. Burrill. To raise a blockade (Mil.), to remove or break up a blockade, either by withdrawing the ships or forces employed in enforcing it, or by driving them away or dispersing them. -- To raise a check, note, bill of exchange, etc., to increase fraudulently its nominal value by changing the writing, figures, or printing in which the sum payable is specified.<-- or money order --> -- To raise a siege, to relinquish an attempt to take a place by besieging it, or to cause the attempt to be relinquished. -- To raise steam, to produce steam of a required pressure. -- To raise the wind, to procure ready money by some temporary expedient. [Colloq.] -- To raise Cain, ∨ To raise the devil, to cause a great disturbance; to make great trouble. [Slang] Syn. -- To lift; exalt; elevate; erect; originate; cause; produce; grow; heighten; aggravate; excite.

Raised

Raised (?), a.

1. Lifted up; showing above the surroundings; as, raised or embossed metal work.

2. Leavened; made with leaven, or yeast; -- used of bread, cake, etc., as distinguished from that made with cream of tartar, soda, etc. See Raise, v. t., 4. Raised beach. See under Beach, n.

Raiser

Rais"er (?), n. One who, or that which, raises (in various senses of the verb).

Raisin

Rai"sin (?), n. [F. raisin grape, raisin, L. racemus cluster of grapes or berries; cf. Gr. Raceme.]

1. A grape, or a bunch of grapes. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

2. A grape dried in the sun or by artificial heat. Raisin tree (Bot.), the common red currant, whose fruit resembles the small raisins of Corinth called currants. [Eng.] Dp. Prior.

Raising

Rais"ing (?), n.

1. The act of lifting, setting up, elevating, exalting, producing, or restoring to life.

2. Specifically, the operation or work of setting up the frame of a building; as, to help at a raising. [U.S.]<-- e.g., barn raising -->

3. The operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning. Raising bee, a bee for raising the frame of a building. See Bee, n., 2. [U.S.] W. Irving. -- Raising hammer, a hammer with a rounded face, used in raising sheet metal. -- Raising plate (Carp.), the plate, or longitudinal timber, on which a roof is raised and rests.

Raisonn\'82

Rai`son`n\'82" (?), a. [F. raisonn\'82. p. p. of raisonner to reason.] Arranged systematically, or according to classes or subjects; as, a catalogue raisonn\'82. See under Catalogue.

Raivel

Rai"vel (?), n. (Weaving) A separator. [Scot.]

Raj

Raj (?), n. [See Rajah.] Reign; rule. [India]

Raja

Ra"ja (?), n. Same as Rajah.

Rajah

Ra"jah (?), n. [Hind. r\'bej\'be, Skr. r\'bejan, akin to L. rex, regis. See Regal, a.] A native prince or king; also, a landholder or person of importance in the agricultural districts. [India]

Rajahship

Ra"jah*ship, n. The office or dignity of a rajah.

Rajpoot, Rajput

Raj`poot", Raj`put" (?), n. [Hind. r\'bej-p&umac;t, Skr. r\'beja-putra king's son.] A Hindoo of the second, or royal and military, caste; a Kshatriya; especially, an inhabitant of the country of Rajpootana, in northern central India.

Rake

Rake (?), n. [AS. race; akin to OD. rake, D. reek, OHG, rehho, G. rechen, Icel, reka a shovel, and to Goth. rikan to heap up, collect, and perhaps to Gr. rack to stretch. Cf. Reckon.]

1. An implement consisting of a headpiece having teeth, and a long handle at right angles to it, -- used for collecting hay, or other light things which are spread over a large surface, or for breaking and smoothing the earth.

2. A toothed machine drawn by a horse, -- used for collecting hay or grain; a horserake.

3. [Perhaps a different word.] (Mining) A fissure or mineral vein traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so; -- called also rake-vein. Gill rakes. (Anat.) See under 1st Gill.

Rake

Rake, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Raked; p. pr. & vb. n. Raking.] [AS. racian. See 1st Rake.]

1. To collect with a rake; as, to rake hay; -- often with up; as, he raked up the fallen leaves.

2. Hence: To collect or draw together with laborious industry; to gather from a wide space; to scrape together; as, to rake together wealth; to rake together slanderous tales; to rake together the rabble of a town.

3. To pass a rake over; to scrape or scratch with a rake for the purpose of collecting and clearing off something, or for stirring up the soil; as, to rake a lawn; to rake a flower bed.

4. To search through; to scour; to ransack.

The statesman rakes the town to find a plot. Swift.

5. To scrape or scratch across; to pass over quickly and lightly, as a rake does.

Like clouds that rake the mountain summits. Wordsworth.

6. (Mil.) To enfilade; to fire in a direction with the length of; in naval engagements, to cannonade, as a ship, on the stern or head so that the balls range the whole length of the deck. To rake up. (a) To collect together, as the fire (live coals), and cover with ashes. (b) To bring up; to search out an bring to notice again; as, to rake up old scandals.

Rake

Rake (?), v. i.

1. To use a rake, as for searching or for collecting; to scrape; to search minutely.

One is for raking in Chaucer for antiquated words. Dryden.

2. To pass with violence or rapidity; to scrape along.

Pas could not stay, but over him did rake. Sir P. Sidney.

Rake

Rake, n. [Cf. dial. Sw. raka to reach, and E. reach.] To inclination of anything from a perpendicular direction; as, the rake of a roof, a staircase, etc.; especially (Naut., the inclination of a mast or tunnel, or, in general, of any part of a vessel not perpendicular to the keel.

Rake

Rake, v. i. To incline from a perpendicular direction; as, a mast rakes aft. Raking course (Bricklaying), a course of bricks laid diagonally between the face courses in a thick wall, to strengthen.

Rake

Rake, n. [OE. rakel rash; cf. Icel. reikall wandering, unsettled, reika to wander.] A loose, disorderly, vicious man; a person addicted to lewdness and other scandalous vices; a debauchee; a rou\'82.
Am illiterate and frivolous old rake. Macaulay.

Rake

Rake, v. i.

1. [Icel. reika. Cf. Rake a debauchee.] To walk about; to gad or ramble idly. [Prov. Eng.]

2. [See Rake a debauchee.] To act the rake; to lead a dissolute, debauched life. Shenstone. To rake out (Falconry), to fly too far and wide from its master while hovering above waiting till the game is sprung; -- said of the hawk. Encyc. Brit.

Rakehell

Rake"hell` (?), n. [See Rakel.] A lewd, dissolute fellow; a debauchee; a rake.
It seldom doth happen, in any way of life, that a sluggard and a rakehell do not go together. Barrow.

Rakehell, Rakehelly

Rake"hell`, Rake"hell`y, a. Dissolute; wild; lewd; rakish. [Obs.] Spenser. B. Jonson.

Rakel

Ra"kel (?), a. [OE. See Rake a debauchee.] Hasty; reckless; rash. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Ra"kel*ness, n. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Raker

Rak"er (?), n. [See 1st Rake.]

1. One who, or that which, rakes; as: (a) A person who uses a rake. (b) A machine for raking grain or hay by horse or other power. (c) A gun so placed as to rake an enemy's ship.

2. (Zo\'94l.) See Gill rakers, under 1st Gill.

Rakery

Rak"er*y (?), n. Debauchery; lewdness.
The rakery and intrigues of the lewd town. R. North.

Rakeshame

Rake"shame` (?), n. [Cf. Rakehell, Ragabash.] A vile, dissolute wretch. [Obs.] Milton.

Rakestale

Rake"stale` (?), n. [Rake the instrument + stale a handle.] The handle of a rake.
That tale is not worth a rakestele. Chaucer.

Rake-vein

Rake"-vein` (?), n. See Rake, a mineral vein.

Raking

Rak"ing (?), n.

1. The act or process of using a rake; the going over a space with a rake.

2. A space gone over with a rake; also, the work done, or the quantity of hay, grain, etc., collected, by going once over a space with a rake.

Rakish

Rak"ish, a. Dissolute; lewd; debauched.
The arduous task of converting a rakish lover. Macaulay.

Rakish

Rak"ish, a. (Naut.) Having a saucy appearance indicative of speed and dash. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Rakishly

Rak"ish*ly, adv. In a rakish manner.

Rakishness

Rak"ish*ness, n. The quality or state of being rakish.

Raku ware

Ra"ku ware` (?). A kind of earthenware made in Japan, resembling Satsuma ware, but having a paler color.

R\'83le

R\'83le (?), n. [F. r\'83le. Cf. Rail the bird.] (Med.) An adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal respiratory sounds. See Rhonchus. &hand; Various kinds are distinguished by pathologists; differing in intensity, as loud and small; in quality, as moist, dry, clicking, and sonorous; and in origin, as tracheal, pulmonary, and pleural.

Rallentando

Ral"len*tan"do (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Slackening; -- a direction to perform a passage with a gradual decrease in time and force; ritardando.

Ralliance

Ral"li*ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. raliance. See Rally to reunite.] The act of rallying.

Raillier

Rail"li*er (?), n. One who rallies.

Ralline

Ral"line (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the rails.

Rally

Ral"ly (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rallied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rallying.] [OF. ralier, F. rallier, fr. L. pref. re- + ad + ligare to bind. See Ra-, and 1st Ally.] To collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into confusion; to gather again; to reunite.

Rally

Ral"ly, v. i.

1. To come into orderly arrangement; to renew order, or united effort, as troops scattered or put to flight; to assemble; to unite.

The Grecians rally, and their powers unite. Dryden.
Innumerable parts of matter chanced just then to rally together, and to form themselves into this new world. Tillotson.

2. To collect one's vital powers or forces; to regain health or consciousness; to recuperate.

3. To recover strength after a decline in prices; -- said of the market, stocks, etc.

Rally

Ral"ly, n.; pl. Rallies (.

1. The act or process of rallying (in any of the senses of that word).

2. A political mass meeting. [Colloq. U. S.]

Rally

Ral"ly, v. t. [F. railler. See Rail to scoff.] To attack with raillery, either in good humor and pleasantry, or with slight contempt or satire.
Honeycomb . . . raillies me upon a country life. Addison.
Strephon had long confessed his amorous pain. Which gay Corinna rallied with disdain. Gay.
Syn. -- To banter; ridicule; satirize; deride; mock.

Rally

Ral"ly (?), v. i. To use pleasantry, or satirical merriment.

Rally

Ral"ly, n. Good-humored raillery.

Ralph

Ralph (?), n. A name sometimes given to the raven.

Ralstonite

Ral"ston*ite (?), n. [So named after J. G. Ralston of Norristown, Penn.] (Min.) A fluoride of alumina and soda occurring with the Greenland cryolite in octahedral crystals.

Ram

Ram (?), n. [AS. ramm, ram; akin to OHG. & D. ram, Prov. G. ramm, and perh. to Icel. ramr strong.]

1. The male of the sheep and allied animals. In some parts of England a ram is called a tup.

2. (Astron.) (a) Aries, the sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st of March. (b) The constellation Aries, which does not now, as formerly, occupy the sign of the same name.

3. An engine of war used for butting or battering. Specifically: (a) In ancient warfare, a long beam suspended by slings in a framework, and used for battering the walls of cities; a battering-ram. (b) A heavy steel or iron beak attached to the prow of a steam war vessel for piercing or cutting down the vessel of an enemy; also, a vessel carrying such a beak.

4. A hydraulic ram. See under Hydraulic.

5. The weight which strikes the blow, in a pile driver, steam hammer, stamp mill, or the like.

6. The plunger of a hydraulic press. Ram's horn. (a) (Fort.) A low semicircular work situated in and commanding a ditch. [Written also ramshorn.] Farrow. (b) (Paleon.) An ammonite.

Ram

Ram, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rammed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ramming.]

1. To butt or strike against; to drive a ram against or through; to thrust or drive with violence; to force in; to drive together; to cram; as, to ram an enemy's vessel; to ram piles, cartridges, etc.

[They] rammed me in with foul shirts, and smocks, socks, foul stockings, greasy napkins. Shak.

2. To fill or compact by pounding or driving.

A ditch . . . was filled with some sound materials, and rammed to make the foundation solid. Arbuthnot.

Ramadan

Ram`a*dan" (?), n. [Ar. ramad\'ben, or ramaz\'ben, properly, the hot month.] [Written also Ramadhan, Ramadzan, and Rhamadan.]

1. The ninth Mohammedan month.

2. The great annual fast of the Mohammedans, kept during daylight through the ninth month.

Ramage

Ram"age (?; 48), n. [F., fr. L. ramus a branch.]

1. Boughs or branches. [Obs.] Crabb.

2. Warbling of birds in trees. [Obs.] Drummond.

Ramage

Ra*mage" (?), a. Wild; untamed. [Obs.]

Ramagious

Ra*ma"gi*ous (?), a. Wild; not tame. [Obs.]
Now is he tame that was so ramagious. Remedy of Love.

Ramal

Ra"mal (?), a. [L. ramus branch.] Of or pertaining to a ramus, or branch; rameal.

Ramayana

Ra*ma"ya*na (?), n. [Skr. R\'bem\'beyana.] The more ancient of the two great epic poems in Sanskrit. The hero and heroine are Rama and his wife Sita.

Ramberge

Ram"berge (?), n. [F., fr. rame oar + barge barge.] Formerly, a kind of large war galley.

Ramble

Ram"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rambling (?).] [For rammle, fr. Prov. E. rame to roam. Cf. Roam.]

1. To walk, ride, or sail, from place to place, without any determinate object in view; to roam carelessly or irregularly; to rove; to wander; as, to ramble about the city; to ramble over the world.

He that is at liberty to ramble in perfect darkness, what is his liberty better than if driven up and down as a bubble by the wind? Locke.

2. To talk or write in a discursive, aimless way.

3. To extend or grow at random. Thomson. Syn. -- To rove; roam; wander; range; stroll.

Ramble

Ram"ble, n.

1. A going or moving from place to place without any determinate business or object; an excursion or stroll merely for recreation.

Coming home, after a short Christians ramble. Swift.

2. [Cf. Rammel.] (Coal Mining) A bed of shale over the seam. Raymond. <-- 3. A section of woods suitable for liesurely walking. muskrat ramble -- a dance -->

Rambler

Ram"bler (?), n. One who rambles; a rover; a wanderer.

Rambling

Ram"bling (?), a. Roving; wandering; discursive; as, a rambling fellow, talk, or building.

Ramblingly

Ram"bling*ly, adv. In a rambling manner.

Rambooze

Ram"booze (?), n. A beverage made of wine, ale (or milk), sugar, etc. [Obs.] Blount.

Rambutan

Ram*bu"tan (?), n. [Malay ramb&umac;tan, fr. rambut hair of the head.] (Bot.) A Malayan fruit produced by the tree Nephelium lappaceum, and closely related to the litchi nut. It is bright red, oval in shape, covered with coarse hairs (whence the name), and contains a pleasant acid pulp. Called also ramboostan.

Rameal

Ra"me*al (?), a. Same as Ramal. Gray.

Ramean

Ra"me*an (?), n. A Ramist. Shipley.

Ramed

Ramed (?), a. Having the frames, stem, and sternpost adjusted; -- said of a ship on the stocks.

Ramee

Ram"ee (?), n. (Bot.) See Ramie.

Ramekin

Ram"e*kin (?), n. See Ramequin. [Obs.]

Rament

Ram"ent (?), n. [L. ramenta, pl.]

1. A scraping; a shaving. [Obs.]

Ramenta

Ra*men"ta (?), n. pl. [L., scrapings.] (Bot.) Thin brownish chaffy scales upon the leaves or young shoots of some plants, especially upon the petioles and leaves of ferns. Gray.
Page 1187

Ramentaceous

Ram`en*ta"ceous (?), a (Bot.) Covered with ramenta.

Rameous

Ra"me*ous (?), a [L. rameus, from ramus branch, bough.] (Bot.) Ramal.

Ramequin

Ram"e*quin (?), n. [F.] (Cookery) A mixture of cheese, eggs, etc., formed in a mold, or served on bread. [Written also ramekin.]

Ramie

Ram"ie (?), n. [From Malay.] (Bot.) The grasscloth plant (B&oe;hmeria nivea); also, its fiber, which is very fine and exceedingly strong; -- called also China grass, and rhea. See Grass-cloth plant, under Grass.

Ramification

Ram`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. ramification. See Ramify.]

1. The process of branching, or the development or offshoots from a stem; also, the mode of their arrangement.

2. A small branch or offshoot proceeding from a main stock or channel; as, the ramifications of an artery, vein, or nerve.

3. A division into principal and subordinate classes, heads, or departments; also, one of the subordinate parts; as, the ramifications a subject or scheme.

4. The production of branchlike figures. Crabb.

Ramiflorous

Ram`i*flo"rous (?), a. [L. ramus branch + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.) Flowering on the branches.

Ramiform

Ram"i*form, a. [L. ramus branch + -form.] (Bot.) Having the form of a branch.

Ramify

Ram"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ramified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ramifying (?).] [F. ramifier, LL. ramificare, fr. L. ramus a branch + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] To divide into branches or subdivisions; as, to ramify an art, subject, scheme.

Ramify

Ram"i*fy, v. i.

1. To shoot, or divide, into branches or subdivisions, as the stem of a plant.

When they [asparagus plants] . . . begin to ramify. Arbuthnot.

2. To be divided or subdivided, as a main subject.

Ramigerous

Ra*mig"er*ous (?), a. [L. ramus a branch + -gerous.] (Bot.) Bearing branches; branched.

Ramiparous

Ra*mip"a*rous (?), a. [L. ramus + parere to bear.] (Bot.) Producing branches; ramigerous.

Ramist

Ra"mist (?), n. A follower of Pierre Ram\'82, better known as Ramus, a celebrated French scholar, who was professor of rhetoric and philosophy at Paris in the reign of Henry II., and opposed the Aristotelians.

Ramline

Ram"line (?), n. A line used to get a straight middle line, as on a spar, or from stem to stern in building a vessel.

Rammel

Ram"mel (?), n. Refuse matter. [Obs.]
Filled with any rubbish, rammel and broken stones. Holland.

Rammer

Ram"mer (?), n. One who, or that which, rams or drives. Specifically: (a) An instrument for driving anything force; as, a rammer for driving stones or piles, or for beating the earth to more solidity. (b) A rod for forcing down the charge of a gun; a ramrod. (c) (Founding) An implement for pounding the sand of a mold to render it compact.

Rammish

Ram"mish (?), a. Like a ram; hence, rank; lascivious. "Their savor is so rammish." Chaucer.

Rammishness

Ram"mish*ness, n. The quality of being rammish.

Rammy

Ram"my (?), a. Like a ram; rammish. Burton.

Ramollescence

Ram`ol*les"cence (?), n. [F. ramollir to make soft, to soften; pref. re- re- + amollir to soften; a (L. ad) + mollir to soften, L. mollire, fr. mollis soft.] A softening or mollifying. [R.]

Ramoon

Ra*moon" (?), n. (Bot.) A small West Indian tree (Trophis Americana) of the Mulberry family, whose leaves and twigs are used as fodder for cattle.

Ramose

Ra*mose" (?), a. [L. ramosus, from ramus a branch.] Branched, as the stem or root of a plant; having lateral divisions; consisting of, or having, branches; full of branches; ramifying; branching; branchy.

Ramous

Ra"mous (?), a. Ramose.

Ramp

Ramp (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ramped (?; 215); p. pr. & vb. n. Ramping.] [F. ramper to creep, OF., to climb; of German origin; cf. G. raffen to snatch, LG. & D. rapen. See Rap to snatch, and cf. Romp.]

1. To spring; to leap; to bound; to rear; to prance; to become rampant; hence, to frolic; to romp.

2. To move by leaps, or by leaps; hence, to move swiftly or with violence.

Their bridles they would champ,
And trampling the fine element would fiercely ramp. Spenser.

3. To climb, as a plant; to creep up.

With claspers and tendrils, they [plants] catch hold, . . . and so ramping upon trees, they mount up to a great height. Ray.

Ramp

Ramp, n.

1. A leap; a spring; a hostile advance.

The bold Ascalonite Fled from his lion ramp. Milton.

2. A highwayman; a robber. [Prov. Eng.]

3. A romping woman; a prostitute. [Obs.] Lyly.

4. [F. rampe.] (Arch.) (a) Any sloping member, other than a purely constructional one, such as a continuous parapet to a staircase. (b) A short bend, slope, or curve, where a hand rail or cap changes its direction.

5. [F. rampe.] (Fort.) An inclined plane serving as a communication between different interior levels.

Rampacious

Ram*pa"cious (?), a. High-spirited; rampageous. [Slang] Dickens.

Rampage

Ramp"age (?), n. [See Ramp, v.] Violent or riotous behavior; a state of excitement, passion, or debauchery; as, to be on the rampage. [Prov. or Low.] Dickens.

Rampage

Ramp"age, v. i. To leap or prance about, as an animal; to be violent; to rage. [Prov. or Low]

Rampageous

Ram*pa"geous (?), a. Characterized by violence and passion; unruly; rampant. [Prov. or Low]
In the primitive ages of a rampageous antiquity. Galt.

Rampallian

Ram*pal"lian (?), n. [Cf. ramp a prostitute, or rabble.] A mean wretch. [Obs.] Shak.

Rampancy

Ramp"an*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being rampant; excessive action or development; exuberance; extravagance. "They are come to this height and rampancy of vice." South.

Rampant

Ramp"ant (?), a. [F., p. pr. of ramper to creep. See Ramp, v.]

1. Ramping; leaping; springing; rearing upon the hind legs; hence, raging; furious.

The fierce lion in his kind Which goeth rampant after his prey. Gower.
[The] lion . . . rampant shakes his brinded mane. Milton.

2. Ascending; climbing; rank in growth; exuberant.

The rampant stalk is of unusual altitude. I. Taylor.

3. (Her.) Rising with fore paws in the air as if attacking; -- said of a beast of prey, especially a lion. The right fore leg and right hind leg should be raised higher than the left. Rampant arch. (a) An arch which has one abutment higher than the other. (b) Same as Rampant vault, below. -- Rampant gardant (Her.), rampant, but with the face turned to the front. -- Rampant regardant, rampant, but looking backward. -- Rampant vault (Arch.), a continuous wagon vault, or cradle vault, whose two abutments are located on an inclined planed plane, such as the vault supporting a stairway, or forming the ceiling of a stairway.

Rampantly

Ramp"ant*ly, adv. In a rampant manner.

Rampart

Ram"part (?), n. [F. rempart, OF. rempar, fr. remparer to fortify, se remparer to fence or intrench one's self; re- re- pref. + pref. en- (L. in) + parer to defend, parry, prepare, L. parare to prepape. See Pare.]

1. That which fortifies and defends from assault; that which secures safety; a defense or bulwark.

2. (Fort.) A broad embankment of earth round a place, upon which the parapet is raised. It forms the substratum of every permanent fortification. Mahan. Syn. -- Bulwark; fence; security; guard. -- Rampart, Bulwark. These words were formerly interchanged; but in modern usage a distinction has sprung up between them. The rampart of a fortified place is the enceinte or main embankment or wall which surrounds it. The term bulwark is now applied to peculiarly strong outworks which project for the defense of the rampart, or main work. A single bastion is a bulwark. In using these words figuratively, rampart is properly applied to that which protects by walling out; bulwark to that which stands in the forefront of danger, to meet and repel it. Hence, we speak of a distinguished individual as the bulwark, not the rampart, of the state. This distinction, however, is often disregarded.

Rampart

Ram"part, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ramparted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ramparting.] To surround or protect with, or as with, a rampart or ramparts.
Those grassy hills, those glittering dells, Proudly ramparted with rocks. Coleridge.
Rampart gun (Fort.), a cannon or large gun for use on a rampart and not as a fieldpiece.

Rampe

Rampe (?), n. [In allusion to its supposed aphrodisiac qualities. See Ramp.] (Bot.) The cuckoopint.

Rampier

Ram"pier (?), n. See Rampart. [Obs.]

Rampion

Ram"pi*on (?), n. [Cf. F. raiponce, Sp. ruiponce, reponche, L. raperonzo, NL. rapuntium, fr. L. rapum, rapa, a turnip, rape. Cf. Rape a plant.] (Bot.) A plant (Campanula Rapunculus) of the Bellflower family, with a tuberous esculent root; -- also called ramps. &hand; The name is sometimes given to plants of the genus Phyteuma, herds of the Bellflower family, and to the American evening primrose (Enothera biennis), which has run wild in some parts of Europe.

Rampire

Ram"pire (?), n. A rampart. [Archaic]
The Trojans round the place a rampire cast. Dryden.

Rampire

Ram"pire, v. t. To fortify with a rampire; to form into a rampire. [Archaic] Chapman. "Rampired walls of gold." R. Browning.

Rampler

Ram"pler (?), n. A rambler.

Rampler

Ram"pler, a. Roving; rambling. [Scot.]

Ramrod

Ram"rod` (?), n. The rod used in ramming home the charge in a muzzle-loading firearm.

Ramshackle

Ram"shac*kle (?), a. [Etymol. uncertain.] Loose; disjointed; falling to pieces; out of repair.
There came . . . my lord the cardinal, in his ramshackle coach. Thackeray.

Ramshackle

Ram"shac*kle, v. t. To search or ransack; to rummage. [Prov. Eng.]

Ramson

Ram"son (?), n. [AS. hramsan, pl., akin to G. rams, Sw. rams, ramsl\'94k; cf. Gr. (Bot.) A broad-leaved species of garlic (Allium ursinum), common in European gardens; -- called also buckram.

Ramsted

Ram"sted (?), n. (Bot.) A yellow-flowered weed; -- so named from a Mr. Ramsted who introduced it into Pennsylvania. See Toad flax. Called also Ramsted weed.

Ramulose

Ram"u*lose` (?), a. [L. ramulosus, fr. ramulus, dim. of ramus a branch.] (Nat. Hist.) Having many small branches, or ramuli.

Ramulous

Ram"u*lous (?), a. (Nat. Hist.) Ramulose.

Ramulus

Ram"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Ramuli (. (Zo\'94l.) A small branch, or branchlet, of corals, hydroids, and similar organisms.

Ramus

Ra"mus (?), n.; pl. Rami (. (Nat. Hist.) A branch; a projecting part or prominent process; a ramification.

Ramuscule

Ra*mus"cule (?), n. [L. ramusculus.] (Nat. Hist.) A small ramus, or branch.

Ran

Ran (?), imp. of Run.

Ran

Ran, n. [As. r\'ben.] Open robbery. [Obs.] Lambarde.

Ran

Ran, n. (Naut.) Yarns coiled on a spun-yarn winch.

Rana

Ra"na (?), n. [L., a frog.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of anurous batrachians, including the common frogs.

Ranal

Ra"nal (?), a. (Bot.) Having a general affinity to ranunculaceous plants. Ranal alliance (Bot.), a name proposed by Lindley for a group of natural orders, including Ranunculace\'91, Magnoliace\'91, Papaverace\'91, and others related to them.

Rance

Rance (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.]

1. A prop or shore. [Scot.]

2. A round between the legs of a chair.<-- = spreader -->

Rancescent

Ran*ces"cent (?), a. [L. rancescens, p. pr. of rancescere, v. incho. from rancere to be rancid.] Becoming rancid or sour.

Ranch

Ranch (?), v. t. [Written also raunch.] [Cf. Wrench.] To wrench; to tear; to sprain; to injure by violent straining or contortion. [R.] Dryden. "Hasting to raunch the arrow out." Spenser.

Ranch

Ranch, n. [See Rancho.] A tract of land used for grazing and rearing of horses, cattle, or sheep. See Rancho, 2. [Western U. S.]

Ranchero

Ran*che"ro (?), n.; pl. Rancheros (#). [Sp.] [Mexico & Western U. S.]

1. A herdsman; a peasant employed on a ranch or rancho.

2. The owner and occupant of a ranch or rancho.

Ranchman

Ranch"man (?), n.; pl. Ranchmen (#) An owner or occupant of, or laborer on, a ranch; a herdsman. [Western U. S.]

Rancho

Ran"cho (?), n.; pl. Ranchos (#). [Sp., properly, a mess, mess room. Cf. 2d Ranch.]

1. A rude hut, as of posts, covered with branches or thatch, where herdsmen or farm laborers may live or lodge at night.

2. A large grazing farm where horses and cattle are raised; -- distinguished from hacienda, a cultivated farm or plantation. [Mexico & California] Bartlett.

Rancid

Ran"cid (?), a. [L. rancidus, fr. rancere to be rancid or rank.] Having a rank smell or taste, from chemical change or decomposition; musty; as, rancid oil or butter.

Rancidity

Ran*cid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. rancidit\'82.] The quality or state of being rancid; a rancid scent or flavor, as of old oil. Ure.

Rancidly

Ran"cid*ly (?), adv. In a rancid manner.

Rancidness

Ran"cid*ness, n. The quality of being rancid.

Rancor

Ran"cor (?), n. [Written also rancour.] [OE. rancour, OF. rancor, rancur, F. rancune, fr. L. rancor rancidity, rankness; tropically, an old grudge, rancor, fr. rancere to be rank or rancid.] The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred. "To stint rancour and dissencioun." Chaucer.
It would not be easy to conceive the passion, rancor, and malice of their tongues and hearts. Burke.
Syn. -- Enmity; hatred; ill will; malice; spite; grudge; animosity; malignity. -- Rancor, Enmity. Enmity and rancor both describe hostile feelings; but enmity may be generous and open, while rancor implies personal malice of the worst and most enduring nature, and is the strongest word in our language to express hostile feelings.
Rancor will out; proud prelate, in thy face I see thy fury. Shak.
Rancor is that degree of malice which preys upon the possessor. Cogan.

Rancorous

Ran"cor*ous (?), a. [OF. rancuros.] Full of rancor; evincing, or caused by, rancor; deeply malignant; implacably spiteful or malicious; intensely virulent.
So flamed his eyes with rage and rancorous ire. Spenser.

Rancorously

Ran"cor*ous*ly, adv. In a rancorous manner.

Rand

Rand (?), n. [AS. rand, rond; akin to D., Dan., Sw., & G. rand, Icel. r\'94nd, and probably to E. rind.]

1. A border; edge; margin. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

2. A long, fleshy piece, as of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak. Beau. & Fl.

3. A thin inner sole for a shoe; also, a leveling slip of leather applied to the sole before attaching the heel.

Rand

Rand, v. i. [See Rant.] To rant; to storm. [Obs.]
I wept, . . . and raved, randed, and railed. J. Webster.

Randall grass

Ran"dall grass` (?). (Bot.) The meadow fescue (Festuca elatior). See under Grass.

Randan

Ran"dan (?), n. The product of a second sifting of meal; the finest part of the bran. [Prov. Eng.]

Randan

Ran"dan, n. A boat propelled by three rowers with four oars, the middle rower pulling two.

Randing

Rand"ing (?), n.

1. (Shoemaking) The act or process of making and applying rands for shoes.

2. (Mil.) A kind of basket work used in gabions.

Random

Ran"dom (?), n. [OE. randon, OF. randon force, violence, rapidity, a randon, de randon, violently, suddenly, rapidly, prob. of German origin; cf. G. rand edge, border, OHG. rant shield, edge of a shield, akin to E. rand, n. See Rand, n.]

1. Force; violence. [Obs.]

For courageously the two kings newly fought with great random and force. E. Hall.

2. A roving motion; course without definite direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; -- commonly used in the phrase at random, that is, without a settled point of direction; at hazard.

Counsels, when they fly At random, sometimes hit most happily. Herrick.
O, many a shaft, at random sent, Finds mark the archer little meant ! Sir W. Scott.

3. Distance to which a missile is cast; range; reach; as, the random of a rifle ball. Sir K. Digby.

4. (Mining) The direction of a rake-vein. Raymond.

Random

Ran"dom, a. Going at random or by chance; done or made at hazard, or without settled direction, aim, or purpose; hazarded without previous calculation; left to chance; haphazard; as, a random guess.
Some random truths he can impart. Wordsworth.
So sharp a spur to the lazy, and so strong a bridle to the random. H. Spencer.
Random courses (Masonry), courses of unequal thickness. -- Random shot, a shot not directed or aimed toward any particular object, or a shot with the muzzle of the gun much elevated. -- Random work (Masonry), stonework consisting of stones of unequal sizes fitted together, but not in courses nor always with flat beds.
Page 1188

Randomly

Ran"dom*ly (?), adv. In a random manner.

Randon

Ran"don (?), n. Random. [Obs.] Spenser.

Randon

Ran"don, v. i. To go or stray at random. [Obs.]

Ranedeer

Rane"deer` (?), n. See Reindeer. [Obs.]

Ranee

Ra"nee (?), n. Same as Rani.

Ranforce

Ran"force` (?), n. [Cf. F. renforcer.] See Re&eum;nforce. [Obs.] Bailey.

Rang

Rang (?), imp. of Ring, v. t. & i.

Range

Range (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ranged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ranging (?).] [OE. rengen, OF. rengier, F. ranger, OF. renc row, rank, F. rang; of German origin. See Rane, n.]

1. To set in a row, or in rows; to place in a regular line or lines, or in ranks; to dispose in the proper order; to rank; as, to range soldiers in line.

Maccabeus ranged his army by hands. 2 Macc. xii. 20.

2. To place (as a single individual) among others in a line, row, or order, as in the ranks of an army; -- usually, reflexively and figuratively, (in the sense) to espouse a cause, to join a party, etc.

It would be absurd in me to range myself on the side of the Duke of Bedford and the corresponding society. Burke.

3. To separate into parts; to sift. [Obs.] Holland.

4. To dispose in a classified or in systematic order; to arrange regularly; as, to range plants and animals in genera and species.

5. To rove over or through; as, to range the fields.

Teach him to range the ditch, and force the brake. Gay.

6. To sail or pass in a direction parallel to or near; as, to range the coast. &hand; Compare the last two senses (5 and 6) with the French ranger une c\'93te.

7. (Biol.) To be native to, or to live in; to frequent.

Range

Range, v. i.

1. To rove at large; to wander without restraint or direction; to roam.

Like a ranging spaniel that barks at every bird he sees. Burton.

2. To have range; to change or differ within limits; to be capable of projecting, or to admit of being projected, especially as to horizontal distance; as, the temperature ranged through seventy degrees Fahrenheit; the gun ranges three miles; the shot ranged four miles.

3. To be placed in order; to be ranked; to admit of arrangement or classification; to rank.

And range with humble livers in content. Shak.

4. To have a certain direction; to correspond in direction; to be or keep in a corresponding line; to trend or run; -- often followed by with; as, the front of a house ranges with the street; to range along the coast.

Which way the forests range. Dryden.

5. (Biol.) To be native to, or live in, a certain district or region; as, the peba ranges from Texas to Paraguay. Syn. -- To rove; roam; ramble; wander; stroll.

Range

Range, n. [From Range, v.: cf. F. rang\'82e.]

1. A series of things in a line; a row; a rank; as, a range of buildings; a range of mountains.

2. An aggregate of individuals in one rank or degree; an order; a class.

The next range of beings above him are the immaterial intelligences. Sir M. Hale.

3. The step of a ladder; a rung. Clarendon.

4. A kitchen grate. [Obs.]

He was bid at his first coming to take off the range, and let down the cinders. L'Estrange.

5. Am extended cooking apparatus of cast iron, set in brickwork, and affording conveniences for various ways

6. A bolting sieve to sift meal. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

7. A wandering or roving; a going to and fro; an excursion; a ramble; an expedition.

He may take a range all the world over. South.

8. That which may be ranged over; place or room for excursion; especially, a region of country in which cattle or sheep may wander and pasture.

9. Extent or space taken in by anything excursive; compass or extent of excursion; reach; scope; discursive; as, the range of one's voice, or authority.

Far as creation's ample range extends. Pope.
The range and compass of Hammond's knowledge filled the whole circle of the arts. Bp. Fell.
A man has not enough range of thought. Addison.

10. (Biol.) The region within which a plant or animal naturally lives.

11. (Gun.) (a) The horizontal distance to which a shot or other projectile is carried. (b) Sometimes, less properly, the trajectory of a shot or projectile. (c) A place where shooting, as with cannons or rifles, is practiced.

12. In the public land system of the United States, a row or line of townships lying between two succession meridian lines six miles apart. &hand; The meridians included in each great survey are numbered in order east and west from the "principal meridian" of that survey, and the townships in the range are numbered north and south from the "base line," which runs east and west; as, township No. 6, N., range 7, W., from the fifth principal meridian.

13. (Naut.) See Range of cable, below. Range of accommodation (Optics), the distance between the near point and the far point of distinct vision, -- usually measured and designated by the strength of the lens which if added to the refracting media of the eye would cause the rays from the near point to appear as if they came from the far point. -- Range finder (Gunnery), an instrument, or apparatus, variously constructed, for ascertaining the distance of an inaccessible object, -- used to determine what elevation must be given to a gun in order to hit the object; a position finder. -- Range of cable (Naut.), a certain length of slack cable ranged along the deck preparatory to letting go the anchor. -- Range work (Masonry), masonry of squared stones laid in courses each of which is of even height throughout the length of the wall; -- distinguished from broken range work, which consists of squared stones laid in courses not continuously of even height. -- To get the range of (an object) (Gun.), to find the angle at which the piece must be raised to reach (the object) without carrying beyond.

Rangement

Range"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. rangement.] Arrangement. [Obs.] Waterland.

Ranger

Ran"ger (?), n.

1. One who ranges; a rover; sometimes, one who ranges for plunder; a roving robber.

2. That which separates or arranges; specifically, a sieve. [Obs.] "The tamis ranger." Holland.

3. A dog that beats the ground in search of game.

4. One of a body of mounted troops, formerly armed with short muskets, who range over the country, and often fight on foot.

5. The keeper of a public park or forest; formerly, a sworn officer of a forest, appointed by the king's letters patent, whose business was to walk through the forest, recover beasts that had strayed beyond its limits, watch the deer, present trespasses to the next court held for the forest, etc. [Eng.]<-- similar function for U.S. national parksand antional monuments. -->

Rangership

Ran"ger*ship, n. The office of the keeper of a forest or park. [Eng.]

Rangle

Ran"gle (?), v. i. To range about in an irregular manner. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Rani

Ra"ni (?), n. [Hind. r\'ben\'c6, Skr. r\'bejn\'c6. See Rajah.] A queen or princess; the wife of a rajah. [Written also ranee.] [India]

Ranine

Ra"nine (?), a. [L. rana a frog.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the frogs and toads.

2. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or designating, a swelling under the tongue; also, pertaining to the region where the swelling occurs; -- applied especially to branches of the lingual artery and lingual vein.

Rank

Rank (?), a. [Compar. Ranker (?); superl. Rankest.] [AS. ranc strong, proud; cf. D. rank slender, Dan. rank upright, erect, Prov. G. rank slender, Icel. rakkr slender, bold. The meaning seems to have been influenced by L. rancidus, E. rancid.]

1. Luxuriant in growth; of vigorous growth; exuberant; grown to immoderate height; as, rank grass; rank weeds.

And, behold, seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk, rank and good. Gen. xli. 5.

2. Raised to a high degree; violent; extreme; gross; utter; as, rank heresy. "Rank nonsense." Hare. "I do forgive thy rankest fault." Shak.

3. Causing vigorous growth; producing luxuriantly; very rich and fertile; as, rank land. Mortimer.

4. Strong-scented; rancid; musty; as, oil of a rank smell; rank-smelling rue. Spenser.

5. Strong to the taste. "Divers sea fowls taste rank of the fish on which they feed." Boyle.

6. Inflamed with venereal appetite. [Obs.] Shak. Rank modus (Law), an excessive and unreasonable modus. See Modus, 3. -- To set (the iron of a plane, etc.) rank, to set so as to take off a thick shaving. Moxon.

Rank

Rank, adv. Rankly; stoutly; violently. [Obs.]
That rides so rank and bends his lance so fell. Fairfax.

Rank

Rank, n. [OE. renk, reng, OF. renc, F. rang, fr. OHG. hring a circle, a circular row, G. ring. See Ring, and cf. Range, n. & v.]

1. A row or line; a range; an order; a tier; as, a rank of osiers.

Many a mountain nigh Rising in lofty ranks, and loftier still. Byron.

2. (Mil.) A line of soldiers ranged side by side; -- opposed to file. See 1st File, 1 (a).

Fierce, fiery warriors fought upon the clouds, In ranks and squadrons and right form of war. Shak.

3. Grade of official standing, as in the army, navy, or nobility; as, the rank of general; the rank of admiral.

4. An aggregate of individuals classed together; a permanent social class; an order; a division; as, ranks and orders of men; the highest and the lowest ranks of men, or of other intelligent beings.

5. Degree of dignity, eminence, or excellence; position in civil or social life; station; degree; grade; as, a writer of the first rank; a lawyer of high rank.

These all are virtues of a meaner rank. Addison.

6. Elevated grade or standing; high degree; high social position; distinction; eminence; as, a man of rank. Rank and file. (a) (Mil.) The whole body of common soldiers, including also corporals. In a more extended sense, it includes sergeants also, excepting the noncommissioned staff.<-- analogously, the lowest ranking members of any organization --> (b) See under 1st File. -- The ranks, the order or grade of common soldiers; as, to reduce a noncommissioned officer to the ranks. -- To fill the ranks, to supply the whole number, or a competent number. -- To take rank of, to have precedence over, or to have the right of taking a higher place than.<-- pull rank, to insist on one's own prerogative or plan of action, by right of a higher rank than that of one suggesting a different plan -->

Rank

Rank, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ranked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ranking,]

1. To place abreast, or in a line.

2. To range in a particular class, order, or division; to class; also, to dispose methodically; to place in suitable classes or order; to classify.

Ranking all things under general and special heads. I. Watts.
Poets were ranked in the class of philosophers. Broome.
Heresy is ranked with idolatry and witchcraft. Dr. H. More.

3. To take rank of; to outrank. [U.S.]

Rank

Rank, v. i.

1. To be ranged; to be set or disposed, an in a particular degree, class, order, or division.

Let that one article rank with the rest. Shak.

2. To have a certain grade or degree of elevation in the orders of civil or military life; to have a certain degree of esteem or consideration; as, he ranks with the first class of poets; he ranks high in public estimation.

Ranker

Rank"er (?), n. One who ranks, or disposes in ranks; one who arranges.

Rankle

Ran"kle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rankled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rankling (?).] [From Rank, a.]

1. To become, or be, rank; to grow rank or strong; to be inflamed; to fester; -- used literally and figuratively.

A malady that burns and rankles inward. Rowe.
This would have left a rankling wound in the hearts of the people. Burke.

2. To produce a festering or inflamed effect; to cause a sore; -- used literally and figuratively; as, a splinter rankles in the flesh; the words rankled in his bosom.

Rankle

Ran"kle (?), v. t. To cause to fester; to make sore; to inflame. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

Rankly

Rank"ly (?), adv. With rank or vigorous growth; luxuriantly; hence, coarsely; grossly; as, weeds grow rankly.

Rankness

Rank"ness, n. [AS. rancness pride.] The condition or quality of being rank.

Rannel

Ran"nel (?), n. A prostitute. [Obs.]

Ranny

Ran"ny (?), n. [L. araneus mus, a kind of small mouse.] (Zo\'94l.) The erd shrew. [Scot.]

Ransack

Ran"sack (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ransacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ransacking.] [OE. ransaken, Icel, rannsaka to explore, examine; rann a house (akin to Goth. razn house, AS. r\'91sn plank, beam) + the root of s\'91kja to seek, akin to E. seek. See Seek, and cf. Rest repose.]

1. To search thoroughly; to search every place or part of; as, to ransack a house.

To ransack every corner of their . . . hearts. South.

2. To plunder; to pillage completely.

Their vow is made To ransack Troy. Shak.

3. To violate; to ravish; to defiour. [Obs.]

Rich spoil of ransacked chastity. Spenser.

Ransack

Ran"sack, v. i. To make a thorough search.
To ransack in the tas [heap] of bodies dead. Chaucer.

Ransack

Ran"sack, n. The act of ransacking, or state of being ransacked; pillage. [R.]
Even your father's house Shall not be free fromransack. J. Webster.

Ransom

Ran"som (?), n. [OE. raunson, raunsoun, OF. ran&cced;on, raen&cced;on, raan&cced;on, F. ran&cced;on, fr. L. redemptio, fr. redimere to redeem. See Redeem, and cf. Redemption.]

1. The release of a captive, or of captive, or of captured property, by payment of a consideration; redemption; as, prisoners hopeless of ransom. Dryden.

2. The money or price paid for the redemption of a prisoner, or for goods captured by an enemy; payment for freedom from restraint, penalty, or forfeit.

Thy ransom paid, which man from death redeems. Milton.
His captivity in Austria, and the heavy ransom he paid for his liberty. Sir J. Davies/.

3. (O. Eng. Law) A sum paid for the pardon of some great offense and the discharge of the offender; also, a fine paid in lieu of corporal punishment. Blackstone. Ransom bill (Law), a war contract, valid by the law of nations, for the ransom of property captured at sea and its safe conduct into port. Kent.

Ransom

Ran"som, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ransomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ransoming.] [Cf. F. ran&cced;onner. See Ransom, n.]

1. To redeem from captivity, servitude, punishment, or forfeit, by paying a price; to buy out of servitude or penalty; to rescue; to deliver; as, to ransom prisoners from an enemy.

2. To exact a ransom for, or a payment on. [R.]

Such lands as he had rule of he ransomed them so grievously, and would tax the men two or three times in a year. Berners.

Ransomable

Ran"som*a*ble (?), a. Such as can be ransomed.

Ransomer

Ran"som*er (?), n. One who ransoms or redeems.

Ransomless

Ran"som*less, a. Incapable of being ransomed; without ransom. Shak.

Rant

Rant (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ranted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ranting.] [OD. ranten, randen, to dote, to be enraged.] To rave in violent, high-sounding, or extravagant language, without dignity of thought; to be noisy, boisterous, and bombastic in talk or declamation; as, a ranting preacher.
Look where my ranting host of the Garter comes! Shak.

Rant

Rant, n. High-sounding language, without importance or dignity of thought; boisterous, empty declamation; bombast; as, the rant of fanatics.
This is a stoical rant, without any foundation in the nature of man or reason of things. Atterbury.

Ranter

Rant"er (?), n.

1. A noisy talker; a raving declaimer.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) (a) One of a religious sect which sprung up in 1645; -- called also Seekers. See Seeker. (b) One of the Primitive Methodists, who seceded from the Wesleyan Methodists on the ground of their deficiency in fervor and zeal; -- so called in contempt.

Ranterism

Rant"er*ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The practice or tenets of the Ranters.

Rantingly

Rant"ing*ly, adv. In a ranting manner.

Rantipole

Rant"i*pole (?), n. [Ranty + pole, poll, head.] A wild, romping young person. [Low] Marrya

Rantipole

Rant"i*pole, a. Wild; roving; rakish. [Low]

Rantipole

Rant"i*pole, v. i. To act like a rantipole. [Low]
She used to rantipole about the house. Arbuthnot.

Rantism

Rant"ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) Ranterism.

Ranty

Rant"y (?), a. Wild; noisy; boisterous.

Ranula

Ran"u*la (?), n. [L., a little frog, a little swelling on the tongue of cattle, dim. of rana a frog.] (Med.) A cyst formed under the tongue by obstruction of the duct of the submaxillary gland.

Ranunculaceous

Ra*nun`cu*la"ceous (?), a. [See Ranunculus.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Ranunculace\'91), of which the buttercup is the type, and which includes also the virgin's bower, the monkshood, larkspur, anemone, meadow rue, and peony.

Ranunculus

Ra*nun`cu*lus (?), n.; pl. E. Ranunculuses (#), L. Ranunculi (#). [L., a little frog, a medicinal plant, perhaps crowfoot, dim. of rana a frog; cf. raccare to roar.] (Bot.) A genus of herbs, mostly with yellow flowers, including crowfoot, buttercups, and the cultivated ranunculi (R. Asiaticus, R. aconitifolius, etc.) in which the flowers are double and of various colors.
Page 1189

Ranz des vaches

Ranz" des` vaches" (?). [F., the ranks or rows of cows, the name being given from the fact that the cattle, when answering the musical call of their keeper, move towards him in a row, preceded by those wearing bells.] The name for numerous simple, but very irregular, melodies of the Swiss mountaineers, blown on a long tube called the Alpine horn, and sometimes sung.

Rap

Rap (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A lay or skein containing 120 yards of yarn. Knight.

Rap

Rap, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rapping.] [Akin to Sw. rappa to strike, rapp stroke, Dan. rap, perhaps of imitative origin.] To strike with a quick, sharp blow; to knock; as, to rap on the door.

Rap

Rap, v. t.

1. To strike with a quick blow; to knock on.

With one great peal they rap the door. Prior.

2. (Founding) To free (a pattern) in a mold by light blows on the pattern, so as to facilitate its removal.

Rap

Rap, n. A quick, smart blow; a knock.

Rap

Rap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rapped (?), usually written Rapt; p. pr. & vb. n. Rapping.] [OE. rapen; akin to LG. & D. rapen to snatch, G. raffen, Sw. rappa; cf. Dan. rappe sig to make haste, and Icel. hrapa to fall, to rush, hurry. The word has been confused with L. rapere to seize. Cf. Rape robbery, Rapture, Raff, v., Ramp, v.]

1. To snatch away; to seize and hurry off.

And through the Greeks and Ilians they rapt The whirring chariot. Chapman.
From Oxford I was rapt by my nephew, Sir Edmund Bacon, to Redgrove. Sir H. Wotton.

2. To hasten. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

3. To seize and bear away, as the mind or thoughts; to transport out of one's self; to affect with ecstasy or rapture; as, rapt into admiration.

I'm rapt with joy to see my Marcia's tears. Addison.
Rapt into future times, the bard begun. Pope.

4. To exchange; to truck. [Obs. & Law] To rap and ren, To rap and rend. [Perhaps fr. Icel. hrapa to hurry and r\'91na plunder, fr. r\'ben plunder, E. ran.] To seize and plunder; to snatch by violence. Dryden. "[Ye] waste all that ye may rape and renne." Chaucer.

All they could rap and rend pilfer. Hudibras.
-- To rap out, to utter with sudden violence, as an oath.
A judge who rapped out a great oath. Addison.
<-- 5. To engage in a discussion, converse; (b) (ca. 1985) to perform a type of rhythmic talking, often with accompanying rhythm instruments. -->

Rap

Rap, n. [Perhaps contr. fr. raparee.] A popular name for any of the tokens that passed current for a half-penny in Ireland in the early part of the eighteenth century; any coin of trifling value.
Many counterfeits passed about under the name of raps. Swift.
Tie it [her money] up so tight that you can't touch a rap,
save with her consent. Mrs. Alexander.
<-- 5. conversation, also rapping; (b) (ca. 1985) a type of rhythmic talking, often with accompanying rhythm instruments; rap music. --> Not to care a rap, to care nothing. -- Not worth a rap, worth nothing.

Rapaces

Ra*pa"ces (?), n. pl. [NL. See Rapacious.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Accipitres.

Rapacious

Rapa"cious (?), a. [L. rapax, -acis, from rapere to seize and carry off, to snatch away. See Rapid.]

1. Given to plunder; disposed or accustomed to seize by violence; seizing by force. " The downfall of the rapacious and licentious Knights Templar." Motley.

2. Accustomed to seize food; subsisting on prey, or animals seized by violence,; as, a tiger is a rapacious animal; a rapacious bird.

3. Avaricious; grasping; extortionate; also, greedy; ravenous; voracious; as, rapacious usurers; a rapacious appetite.

[Thy Lord] redeem thee from Death's rapacious claim Milton
. Syn. -- Greedy; grasping; ravenous; voracious. -- Ra*pa"cious*ly, adv. -- Ra*pa"cious*ness, n.

Rapacity

Ra*pac"i*ty (?), n. [L. rapacitas: cf. F. rapacite. See Rapacious.]

1. The quality of being rapacious; rapaciousness; ravenousness; as, the rapacity of pirates; the rapacity of wolves.

2. The act or practice of extorting or exacting by oppressive injustice; exorbitant greediness of gain. "The rapacity of some ages." Sprat.

Raparee

Rap`a*ree" (?), n. See Rapparee.

Rape

Rape (r&amac;p), n. [F. r\'83pe a grape stalk.]

1. Fruit, as grapes, plucked from the cluster. Ray.

2. The refuse stems and skins of grapes or raisins from which the must has been expressed in wine making.

3. A filter containing the above refuse, used in clarifying and perfecting malt, vinegar, etc. Rape wine, a poor, thin wine made from the last dregs of pressed grapes.

Rape

Rape, n. [Akin to rap to snatch, but confused with L. rapere. See Rap to snatch.]

1. The act of seizing and carrying away by force; violent seizure; robbery.<-- [Rare] -->

And ruined orphans of thy rapes complain. Sandys.

2. (Law) Sexual connection with a woman without her consent. See Age of consent, under Consent, n. <-- (b) Any sexual intercourse forced on a person, whether male or female (also called forcible rape, or sexual assault, and sometimes, as a euphemism, criminal assault); Any sexual intercourse performed with a person who is under the age of consent, whether male or female, is statutory rape. -->

3. That which is snatched away. [Obs.]

Where now are all my hopes? O, never more. Shall they revive! nor death her rapes restore. Sandys.

4. Movement, as in snatching; haste; hurry. [Obs.] <-- 5. (Fig., Colloq.) An action causing results harmful to a person or thing; as, the rape of the land by mining companies. -->

Rape

Rape, v. t. To commit rape upon; to ravish. <-- 2. (Fig., Colloq.) To perform an action causing results harmful or very unpleasant to a person or thing; as, women raped first by their assailant, and then by the Justice system. Corresponds to 2nd rape, n. 5. --> To rape and ren. See under Rap, v. t., to snatch.

Rape

Rape, v. i. To rob; to pillage. [Obs.] Heywood.

Rape

Rape, n. [Icel. hreppr village, district; cf. Icel. hreppa to catch, obtain, AS. hrepian, hreppan, to touch.] One of six divisions of the county of Sussex, England, intermediate between a hundred and a shire.

Rape

Rape, n. [L. rapa, rapum, akin to Gr. r\'81be.] (Bot.) A name given to a variety or to varieties of a plant of the turnip kind, grown for seeds and herbage. The seeds are used for the production of rape oil, and to a limited extent for the food of cage birds. &hand; These plants, with the edible turnip, have been variously named, but are all now believed to be derived from the Brassica campestris of Europe, which by some is not considered distinct from the wild stock (B. oleracea) of the cabbage. See Cole. Broom rape. (Bot.) See Broom rape, in the Vocabulary. -- Rape cake, the refuse remaining after the oil has been expressed from the seed. -- Rape root. Same as Rape. -- Summer rape. (Bot.) See Colza.

Rapeful

Rape"ful (?), a.

1. Violent. [Obs.]

2. Given to the commission of rape. Byron.

Rapfully

Rap"ful*ly (?), adv. Violently. [Obs.]

Raphaelesque

Raph`a*el*esque" (?), a. Like Raphael's works; in Raphael's manner of painting.

Raphaelism

Raph"a*el*ism (?), n. The principles of painting introduced by Raphael, the Italian painter.

Raphaelite

Raph"a*el*ite (?), n. One who advocates or adopts the principles of Raphaelism.

Raphany

Raph"a*ny (?), n. [Cf. F. raphanie.] (Med.) A convulsive disease, attended with ravenous hunger, not uncommon in Sweden and Germany. It was so called because supposed to be caused by eating corn with which seeds of jointed charlock (Raphanus raphanistrum) had been mixed, but the condition is now known to be a form of ergotism.

Raphe

Ra"phe (r&amac;"f&esl;), n. [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Anat.) A line, ridge, furrow, or band of fibers, especially in the median line; as, the raphe of the tongue.

2. (Bot.) Same as Rhaph.

Raphides

Raph"i*des (?), n. pl. [F. raphide.] (Bot.) See Rhaphides.

Rapid

Rap"id (?), a. [L. rapidus, fr. rapere to seize and carry off, to snatch or hurry away; perhaps akin to Gr. rapide. Cf. Harpy, Ravish.]

1. Very swift or quick; moving with celerity; fast; as, a rapid stream; a rapid flight; a rapid motion.

Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels. Milton.

2. Advancing with haste or speed; speedy in progression; in quick sequence; as, rapid growth; rapid improvement; rapid recurrence; rapid succession.

3. Quick in execution; as, a rapid penman.

Rapid

Rap"id, n. [Cf. F. rapide. See Rapid, a.] The part of a river where the current moves with great swiftness, but without actual waterfall or cascade; -- usually in the plural; as, the Lachine rapids in the St. Lawrence.<-- sometimes called whitewater -->
Row, brothers, row the stream runs fast, The rapids are near, and the daylight's past. Moore.

Rapidity

Ra*pid"i*ty (?), n. [L. rapiditas: cf. F. rapidit\'82.] The quality or state of being rapid; swiftness; celerity; velocity; as, the rapidity of growth or improvement. Syn. -- -- Rapidness; haste; speed; celerity; velocity; swiftness; fleetness; quickness; agility.

Rapidly

Rap"id*ly (?), adv. In a rapid manner.

Rapidness

Rap"id*ness, n. Quality of being rapid; rapidity.

Rapier

Ra"pi*er (?), n. [F. rapi\'8are, perhaps for raspi\'8are, and ultimately of German origin, akin to E. rasp, v.] A straight sword, with a narrow and finely pointed blade, used only for thrusting. Rapier fish (Zo\'94l.), the swordfish. [Obs.] Grew.

Rapiered

Ra"pi*ered (?), a. Wearing a rapier. "Scarletcoated, rapiered figures." Lowell.

Rapilli

Ra*pil"li (?), n. pl. [It.] (Min.) Lapilli.

Rapine

Rap"ine (?), n. [F. rapine; cf. Pr. & It. rapina; all fr. L. rapina, fr. rapere to seize and carry off by force. See Rapid, and cf. Raven rapine.]

1. The act of plundering; the seizing and carrying away of things by force; spoliation; pillage; plunder.

Men who were impelled to war quite as much by the desire of rapine as by the desire of glory. Macaulay.

2. Ravishment; rape. [Obs.] Shak.

Rapine

Rap"ine, v. t. To plunder. Sir G. Buck.

Rapinous

Rap"i*nous (?), a. Given to rapine. [Obs.]

Rappage

Rap"page (?), n. (Founding) The enlargement of a molt caused by rapping the pattern.

Rapparee

Rap`pa*ree" (?), n. A wild Irish plunderer, esp. one of the 17th century; -- so called from his carrying a half-pike, called a rapary. [Written also raparee.]

Rapped

Rapped (r&acr;pt), imp. & p. p. of Rap, to strike.

Rapped

Rapped, imp. & p. p. of Rap, to snatch away.

Rappee

Rap*pee" (?), n. [F. r\'83p\'82, fr. r\'83per to grate, to rasp. See Rasp, v.] A pungent kind of snuff made from the darker and ranker kinds of tobacco leaves.

Rappel

Rap"pel (?), n. [F. Cf. Repeal.] (Mil.) The beat of the drum to call soldiers to arms.

Rapper

Rap"per (?), n. [From Rap.]

1. One who, or that which, raps or knocks; specifically, the knocker of a door. Sterne.

2. A forcible oath or lie. [Slang] Bp. Parker. <-- 3. A musician specializing in rap music. -->

Rapport

Rap*port" (?), n. [F., fr. rapporter to bring again or back, to refer; pref. re- re- + apporter to bring, L. apporter to bring, L. apportare. Cf. Report.] Relation; proportion; conformity; correspondence; accord.
'T is obvious what rapport there is between the conceptions and languages in every country. Sir W. Temple.
En` rap`port" ( [F.], in accord, harmony, or sympathy; having a mutual, especially a private, understanding; in mesmerism, in that relation of sympathy which permits influence or communication.

Rapscallion

Rap*scal"lion (?), n. [See Rascallion.] A rascal; a good-for-nothing fellow. [Colloq.] Howitt.

Rapt

Rapt (?), imp. & p. p. of Rap, to snatch away.

Rapt

Rapt, a.

1. Snatched away; hurried away or along.

Waters rapt with whirling away. Spenser.

2. Transported with love, admiration, delight, etc.; enraptured. "The rapt musician." Longfellow. 3. Wholly absorbed or engrossed, as in work or meditation. "Rapt in secret studies." Shak.

Rapt

Rapt, n. [From F. rapt abduction, rape, L. raptus, fr. rapere to seize and carry off, to transport; or fr. E. rapt, a. See Rapt, a., and Rapid.]

1. An ecstasy; a trance. [Obs.] Bp. Morton.

2. Rapidity. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Rapt

Rapt, v. i.

1. To transport or ravish. [Obs.] Drayton.

2. To carry away by force. [Obs.] Daniel.

Rapter

Rap"ter (?), n. A raptor. [Obs.] Drayton.

Raptor

Rap"tor (?), n. [L. raptor, from rapere to ravish. See Rapid.] A ravisher; a plunderer. [Obs.]

Raptores

Rap*to"res (?), n. pl. [NL. See Raptor.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Accipitres. Called also Raptatores.

Raptorial

Rap*to"ri*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Rapacious; living upon prey; -- said especially of certain birds. (b) Adapted for seizing prey; -- said of the legs, claws, etc., of insects, birds, and other animals. (c) Of or pertaining to the Raptores. See Illust. (f) of Aves.

Raptorious

Rap*to"ri*ous (?), a. [L. raptorius.] (Zo\'94l.) Raptorial.

Rapture

Rap"ture (?), n. [L. rapere, raptum, to carry off by force. See Rapid.]

1. A seizing by violence; a hurrying along; rapidity with violence. [Obs.]

That 'gainst a rock, or flat, her keel did dash With headlong rapture. Chapman.

2. The state or condition of being rapt, or carried away from one's self by agreeable excitement; violence of a pleasing passion; extreme joy or pleasure; ecstasy.

Music, when thus applied, raises in the mind of the hearer great conceptions; it strengthens devotion, and advances praise into rapture. Addison.
You grow correct that once with rapture writ. Pope.

3. A spasm; a fit; a syncope; delirium. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- Bliss; ecstasy; transport; delight; exultation.

Rapture

Rap"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Raptured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rapturing.] To transport with excitement; to enrapture. [Poetic] Thomson.

Rapturist

Rap"tur*ist, n. An enthusiast. [Obs.] J. Spencer.

Rapturize

Rap"tur*ize (?), v. i. & i. To put, or be put, in a state of rapture. [R.]

Rapturous

Rap"tur*ous (?), a. Ecstatic; transporting; ravishing; feeling, expressing, or manifesting rapture; as, rapturous joy, pleasure, or delight; rapturous applause.

Rapturously

Rap"tur*ous*ly, adv. In a rapturous manner.

Rare

Rare (?), a. [Cf. Rather, Rath.] Early. [Obs.]
Rude mechanicals that rare and late Work in the market place. Chapman.

Rare

Rare, a. [Compar. Rarer; superl. Rarest.] [Cf. AS. hr&emac;r, or E. rare early.] Nearly raw; partially cooked; not thoroughly cooked; underdone; as, rare beef or mutton.
New-laid eggs, which Baucis' busy care Turned by a gentle fire, and roasted rare. Dryden.
&hand; This word is in common use in the United States, but in England its synonym underdone is preferred.

Rare

Rare, a. [Compar. Rarer (?); superl. Rarest.] [F., fr. L. rarus thin, rare.]

1. Not frequent; seldom met with or occurring; unusual; as, a rare event.

2. Of an uncommon nature; unusually excellent; valuable to a degree seldom found.

Rare work, all filled with terror and delight. Cowley.
Above the rest I judge one beauty rare. Dryden.

3. Thinly scattered; dispersed.

Those rare and solitary, three in flocks. Milton.

4. Characterized by wide separation of parts; of loose texture; not thick or dense; thin; as, a rare atmosphere at high elevations.

Water is nineteen times lighter, and by consequence nineteen times rarer, than gold. Sir I. Newton.
Syn. -- Scarce; infrequent; unusual; uncommon; singular; extraordinary; incomparable. -- Rare, Scarce. We call a thing rare when but few examples, specimens, or instances of it are ever to be met with; as, a rare plant. We speak of a thing as scarce, which, though usually abundant, is for the time being to be had only in diminished quantities; as, a bad harvest makes corn scarce.
A perfect union of wit and judgment is one of the rarest things in the world. Burke.
When any particular piece of money grew very scarce, it was often recoined by a succeeding emperor. Addison.

Rarebit

Rare"bit (?), n. A dainty morsel; a Welsh rabbit. See Welsh rabbit, under Rabbit.

Raree-show

Rar"ee-show` (?), n. [Contr. fr. rarity-show.] A show carried about in a box; a peep show. Pope.

Rarefaction

Rar`e*fac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. rar\'82faction. See Rarefy.] The act or process of rarefying; the state of being rarefied; -- opposed to condensation; as, the rarefaction of air.

Rarefiable

Rar"e*fi`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. rar\'82fiable.] Capable of being rarefied. Boyle.

Rarefy

Rar"e*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rarefied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rarefying (?).] [F. rar\'82fier; L. rarus rare + -ficare (in comp.) to make; cf. L. rarefacere. See -fy.] To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense; to expand or enlarge without adding any new portion of matter to; -- opposed to condense.

Rarefy

Rar"e*fy, v. i. To become less dense; to become thin and porous. "Earth rarefies to dew." Dryden.

Rarely

Rare"ly (?), adv.

1. In a rare manner or degree; seldom; not often; as, things rarely seen.

2. Finely; excellently; with rare skill. See 3d Rare, 2.

The person who played so rarely on the flageolet. Sir W. Scott.
The rest of the spartments are rarely gilded. Evelyn.

Rareness

Rare"ness, n. The state or quality of being rare.
And let the rareness the small gift commend. Dryden.

Rareripe

Rare"ripe` (?), a. [Rare early + ripe. Cf. Rathripe.] Early ripe; ripe before others, or before the usual season.

Rareripe

Rare"ripe`, n. An early ripening fruit, especially a kind of freestone peach.

Rarification

Rar`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. See Rarefaction. [R.] Am. Chem. Journal.

Rarity

Rar"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Rarities (#). [L. raritas: cf. F. raret\'82. See Rare.]

1. The quality or state of being rare; rareness; thinness; as, the rarity (contrasted with the density) of gases.


Page 1190

2. That which is rare; an uncommon thing; a thing valued for its scarcity.

I saw three rarities of different kinds, which pleased me more than any other shows in the place. Addison.

Ras

Ras (?), n. See 2d Reis.

Rasante

Ra`sante" (?), a. [F., p. pr. of raser to graze.] (Fort.) Sweeping; grazing; -- applied to a style of fortification in which the command of the works over each other, and over the country, is kept very low, in order that the shot may more effectually sweep or graze the ground before them. H. L. Scott.

Rascal

Ras"cal (?), n. [OE. rascaille rabble, probably from an OF. racaille, F. racaille the rabble, rubbish, probably akin to F. racler to scrape, (assumed) LL. rasiculare, rasicare, fr. L. radere, rasum. See Rase, v.]

1. One of the rabble; a low, common sort of person or creature; collectively, the rabble; the common herd; also, a lean, ill-conditioned beast, esp. a deer. [Obs.]

He smote of the people seventy men, and fifty thousand of the rascal. Wyclif (1 Kings [1 Samuel] vi. 19).
Poor men alone? No, no; the noblest deer hath them [horns] as huge as the rascal. Shak.

2. A mean, trickish fellow; a base, dishonest person; a rogue; a scoundrel; a trickster.

For I have sense to serve my turn in store, And he's a rascal who pretends to more. Dryden.

Rascal

Ras`cal, a. Of or pertaining to the common herd or common people; low; mean; base. "The rascal many." Spencer. "The rascal people." Shak.
While she called me rascal fiddler. Shak.

Rascaldom

Ras"cal*dom (?), n. State of being a rascal; rascality; domain of rascals; rascals, collectively. Emerson.

Rascaless

Ras"cal*ess, n. A female rascal. [Humorous]

Rascality

Ras*cal`i*ty (?), n.; pl. Rascalities (

1. The quality or state of being rascally, or a rascal; mean trickishness or dishonesty; base fraud.

2. The poorer and lower classes of people.[Obs.]

The chief heads of their clans with their several rascalities T. Jackson.

Rascallion

Ras*cal"lion (?), n. [From Rascal] A low, mean wretch [Written also rascalion.]<-- now rapscalion -->

Rascally

Ras"cal*ly (?), a. Like a rascal; trickish or dishonest; base; worthless; -- often in humorous disparagement, without implication of dishonesty.
Our rascally porter is fallen fast asleep. Swift.

Rase

Rase (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rasing.] [F. raser, LL. rasare to scrape often, v. freq. fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, shave; cf. Skr. rad to scratch, gnaw, L. rodere to gnaw. Cf. Raze, Razee, Razor, Rodent.]

1. To rub along the surface of; to graze.[Obsoles.]

Was he not in the . . . neighborhood to death? and might not the bullet which rased his cheek have gone into his head? South.
Sometimes his feet rased the surface of water, and at others the skylight almost flattened his nose. Beckford.

2. To rub or scratch out; to erase. [Obsoles.]

Except we rase the faculty of memory, root and branch, out of our mind. Fuller.

3. To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze. [In this sense rase is generally used.]

Till Troy were by their brave hands rased, They would not turn home. Chapman.
&hand; This word, rase, may be considered as nearly obsolete; graze, erase, and raze, having superseded it. Rasing iron, a tool for removing old oakum and pitch from the seams of a vessel. Syn. -- To erase; efface; obliterate; expunge; cancel; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; demolish; ruin.

Rase

Rase, v. i. To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow. [Obs.]

Rase

Rase, n.

1. A scratching out, or erasure. [Obs.]

2. A slight wound; a scratch. [Obs.] Hooker.

3. (O. Eng. Law) A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it. Burrill.

Rash

Rash (?), v. t. [For arace]

1. To pull off or pluck violently. [Obs.]

2. To slash; to hack; to slice. [Obs.]

Rushing of helms and riving plates asunder. Spenser.

Rash

Rash, n. [OF. rashe an eruption, scurf, F. rache; fr. (assumed) LL. rasicare to scratch, fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, scratch, shave. See Rase, and cf. Rascal.] (Med.) A fine eruption or efflorescence on the body, with little or no elevation. Canker rash. See in the Vocabulary. -- Nettle rash. See Urticaria. -- Rose rash. See Roseola. -- Tooth rash. See Red-gum.

Rash

Rash, n. [Cf. F. ras short-nap cloth, It. & Sp. raso satin (cf. Rase); or cf. It. rascia serge, G. rasch, probably fr. Arras in France (cf. Arras).] An inferior kind of silk, or mixture of silk and worsted. [Obs.] Donne.

Rash

Rash, a. [Compar. Rasher (?); superl. Rashest.] [Probably of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. rask quick, brisk, rash, Icel. r\'94skr vigorous, brave, akin to D. & G. rasch quick, of uncertain origin.]

1. Sudden in action; quick; hasty. [Obs.] "Strong as aconitum or rash gunpowder." Shak.

2. Requiring sudden action; pressing; urgent. [Obs.]

I scarce have leisure to salute you, My matter is so rash. Shak.

3. Esp., overhasty in counsel or action; precipitate; resolving or entering on a project or measure without due deliberation and caution; opposed to prudent; said of persons; as, a rash statesman or commander.

4. Uttered or undertaken with too much haste or too little reflection; as, rash words; rash measures.

5. So dry as to fall out of the ear with handling, as corn. [Prov. Eng.] Syn. -- Precipitate; headlong; headstrong; foolhardy; hasty; indiscreet; heedless; thoughtless; incautious; careless; inconsiderate; unwary. -- Rash, Adventurous, Foolhardy. A man is adventurous who incurs risk or hazard from a love of the arduous and the bold. A man is rash who does it from the mere impulse of his feelings, without counting the cost. A man is foolhardy who throws himself into danger in disregard or defiance of the consequences.

Was never known a more adventurous knight. Dryden.
Her rush hand in evil hour Forth reaching to the fruit, she plucked, she eat. Milton.
If any yet to be foolhardy To expose themselves to vain jeopardy; If they come wounded off, and lame, No honors got by such a maim. Hudibras.

Rash

Rash (?), v. t. To prepare with haste. [Obs.] Foxe.

Rasher

Rash"er (?), n. [In sense 1, probably fr. rash, a., as being hastily cooked.]

1. A thin slice of bacon.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A California rockfish (Sebastichthys miniatus).

Rashful

Rash"ful (?), a. Rash; hasty; precipitate. [Obs.]

Rashling

Rash"ling (?), n. A rash person. [Obs.]

Rashly

Rash"ly, adv. In a rush manner; with precipitation.
He that doth anything rashly, must do it willingly; for he was free to deliberate or not. L'Estrange.

Rashness

Rash"ness, n. The quality of state of being rash.
We offend . . . by rashness, which is an affirming or denying, before we have sufficiently informed ourselves. South.
Syn. -- Temerity; foolhardiness; precipitancy; precipitation; hastiness; indiscretion; heedlessness; inconsideration; carelessness. See Temerity.

Raskolnik

Ras*kol"nik (?), n. [Russ. rascolenik' schismatic, heretic.] (Eccl.) One of the separatists or dissenters from the established or Greek church in Russia. [Written also rascolnik.]

Rasores

Ra*so`res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. radere, rasum, to scratch. See Rase, v. t.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of birds; the Gallin\'91. &hand; Formely, the word Rasores was used in a wider sense, so as to include other birds now widely separated in classification.

Rasorial

Ra*so"ri*al (?; 277), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Rasores, or gallinaceous birds, as the peacock, domestic fowl, patridge, and the like.

Rasour

Ra"sour (?), n. Rasor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rasp

Rasp (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rasped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rasping.] [OF. rasper, F. r\'83per, to scrape, grate, rasp, fr. OHG. rasp&omac;n to scrape together, to collect, probably akin to E. rap. Cf. Rap to snatch.]

1. To rub or file with a rasp; to rub or grate with a rough file; as, to rasp wood to make it smooth; to rasp bones to powder.

2. Hence, figuratively: To grate harshly upon; to offend by coarse or rough treatment or language; as, some sounds rasp the ear; his insults rasped my temper.

Rasp

Rasp, n. [OE. raspe, OF. raspe, F. r\'83pe. See Rasp, v.]

1. A coarse file, on which the cutting prominences are distinct points raised by the oblique stroke of a sharp punch, instead of lines raised by a chisel, as on the true file.

2. The raspberry. [Obs.] "Set sorrel amongst rasps, and the rasps will be smaller." Bacon. Rasp palm (Bot.), a Brazilian palm tree (Iriartea exorhiza) which has strong a\'89rial roots like a screw pine. The roots have a hard, rough surface, and are used by the natives for graters and rasps, whence the common name.

Raspatorium

Ras`pa*to"ri*um (?), n. [LL.] See Raspatory.

Raspatory

Rasp"a*to*ry (?), n. [LL. raspatorium: cf. F. raspatoir. See Rasp, v.] A surgeon's rasp. Wiseman.

Raspberry

Rasp"ber*ry (?; 277), n, [From E. rasp, in allusion to the apparent roughness of the fruit.] (Bot.) (a) The thimble-shaped fruit of the Rubus Id\'91us and other similar brambles; as, the black, the red and the white raspberry. (b) The shrub bearing this fruit. &hand; Technically, raspberries are those brambles in which the fruit separates readily from the core or receptacle, in this differing from the blackberries, in which the fruit is firmly attached to the receptacle.

Rasper

Rasp"er (?), n. One who, or which, rasps; a scraper.

Raspis

Ras"pis (?), n. The raspberry. [Obs.] Langham.

Raspy

Rasp"y (?), a. Like a rasp, or the sound made by a rasp; grating. R. D. Blackmore.

Rasse

Rasse (?), n. [Cf. Malay r\'besa taste, sensation.] (Zo\'94l.) A carnivore (Viverricula Mallaccensis) allied to the civet but smaller, native of China and the East Indies. It furnishes a perfume resembling that of the civet, which is highly prized by the Javanese. Called also Malacca weasel, and lesser civet.

Rasure

Ra"sure (?; 135), n. [L. rasura, fr. radere, rasum, to scrape, to shave. See Rase, v.]

1. The act of rasing, scraping, or erasing; erasure; obliteration.

2. A mark by which a letter, word, or any part of a writing or print, is erased, effaced, or obliterated; an erasure. Ayliffe.

Rat

Rat (?), n. [AS. r\'91t; akin to D. rat, OHG. rato, ratta, G. ratte, ratze, OLG. ratta, LG. & Dan. rotte, Sw. r\'86tta, F. rat, Ir. & Gael radan, Armor. raz, of unknown origin. Cf. Raccoon.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) One of the several species of small rodents of the genus Mus and allied genera, larger than mice, that infest houses, stores, and ships, especially the Norway, or brown, rat (M. Alexandrinus). These were introduced into Anerica from the Old World.

2. A round and tapering mass of hair, or similar material, used by women to support the puffs and rolls of their natural hair. [Local, U.S.]

3. One who deserts his party or associates; hence, in the trades, one who works for lower wages than those prescribed by a trades union. [Cant] &hand; "It so chanced that, not long after the accession of the house of Hanover, some of the brown, that is the German or Norway, rats, were first brought over to this country (in some timber as is said); and being much stronger than the black, or, till then, the common, rats, they in many places quite extirpated the latter. The word (both the noun and the verb to rat) was first, as we have seen, leveled at the converts to the government of George the First, but has by degrees obtained a wide meaning, and come to be applied to any sudden and mercenary change in politics." Lord Mahon. Bamboo rat (Zo\'94l.), any Indian rodent of the genus Rhizomys. -- Beaver rat, Coast rat. (Zo\'94l.) See under Beaver and Coast. -- Blind rat (Zo\'94l.), the mole rat. -- Cotton rat (Zo\'94l.), a long-haired rat (Sigmodon hispidus), native of the Southern United States and Mexico. It makes its nest of cotton and is often injurious to the crop. -- Ground rat. See Ground Pig, under Ground. -- Hedgehog rat. See under Hedgehog. -- Kangaroo rat (Zo\'94l.), the potoroo. -- Norway rat (Zo\'94l.), the common brown rat. See Rat. -- Pouched rat. (Zo\'94l.) (a) See Pocket Gopher, under Pocket. (b) Any African rodent of the genus Cricetomys. Rat Indians (Ethnol.), a tribe of Indians dwelling near Fort Ukon, Alaska. They belong to Athabascan stock. -- Rat mole. (Zo\'94l.) See Mole rat, under Mole. -- Rat pit, an inclosed space into which rats are put to be killed by a dog for sport. -- Rat snake (Zo\'94l.), a large colubrine snake (Ptyas mucosus) very common in India and Ceylon. It enters dwellings, and destroys rats, chickens, etc. -- Spiny rat (Zo\'94l.), any South America rodent of the genus Echinomys. -- To smell a rat. See under Smell. -- Wood rat (Zo\'94l.), any American rat of the genus Neotoma, especially N. Floridana, common in the Southern United States. Its feet and belly are white.

Rat

Rat, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ratted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ratting.]

1. In English politics, to desert one's party from interested motives; to forsake one's associates for one's own advantage; in the trades, to work for less wages, or on other conditions, than those established by a trades union.

Coleridge . . . incurred the reproach of having ratted, solely by his inability to follow the friends of his early days. De Quincey.

2. To catch or kill rats. <-- rat on (someone), to inform on an associate,to squeal. -->

Rata

Ra"ta (?), n. [Maori.] (Bot.) A New Zealand forest tree (Metrosideros robusta), also, its hard dark red wood, used by the Maoris for paddles and war clubs.

Ratability

Rat`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being ratable.

Ratable

Rat"a*ble (?), a.

1. Capable of being rated, or set at a certain value.

Twenty or\'91 were ratable to [at] two marks of silver. Camden.

2. Liable to, or subjected by law to, taxation; as, ratable estate.

3. Made at a proportionate rate; as, ratable payments. -- Rat"a*ble*ness, n. -- Rat"a*bly, adv.

Ratafia

Rat`a*fi"a (?), n. [F., fr. Malay arak arrack + t\'bef\'c6a a spirit distilled from molasses.] A spirituous liquor flavored with the kernels of cherries, apricots, peaches, or other fruit, spiced, and sweetened with sugar; -- a term applied to the liqueurs called noyau, cura&cced;ao, etc. [Written also ratifia and ratafee.]

Ratan

Ra*tan" (?), n. See Rattan.

Ratany

Rat"a*ny (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Rhatany.

Rataplan

Ra`ta`plan" (?), n. [F.] The iterative sound of beating a drum, or of a galloping horse.

Ratch

Ratch (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rotche.

Ratch

Ratch (?), n. [See Rack the instrument, Ratchet.] A ratchet wheel, or notched bar, with which a pawl or chick works.

Ratchel

Ratch"el (?), n. Gravelly stone. [Prov. Eng.]

Ratchet

Ratch"et (?), n. [Properly a diminutive from the same word as rack: cf. F. rochet. See 2d Ratch, Rack the instrument.]

1. A pawl, click, or detent, for holding or propelling a ratchet wheel, or ratch, etc.

2. A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or ratch, and pawl. See Ratchet wheel, below, and 2d Ratch. Ratchet brace (Mech.), a boring brace, having a ratchet wheel and pawl for rotating the tool by back and forth movements of the brace handle. -- Ratchet drill, a portable machine for working a drill by hand, consisting of a hand lever carrying at one end a drill holder which is revolved by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl, by swinging the lever back and forth. -- Ratchet wheel (Mach.), a circular wheel having teeth, usually angular, with which a reciprocating pawl engages to turn the wheel forward, or a stationary pawl to hold it from turning backward. <-- illustr. Ratchet wheel and ilustr. of ratchet drill --> &hand; In the cut, the moving pawl c slides over the teeth in one direction, but in returning, draws the wheel with it, while the pawl d prevents it from turning in the contrary direction.


Page 1191

Rate

Rate (?), v. t. & i. [Perh. fr. E. rate, v. t., to value at a certain rate, to estimate, but more prob. fr. Sw. rata to find fault, to blame, to despise, to hold cheap; cf. Icel. hrat refuse, hrati rubbish.] To chide with vehemence; to scold; to censure violently. Spencer.
Go, rate thy minions, proud, insulting boy! Shak.
Conscience is a check to beginners in sin, reclaiming them from it, and rating them for it. Barrow.

Rate

Rate (?), n. [OF., fr. L. rata (sc. pars), fr. ratus reckoned, fixed by calculation, p. p. of reri to reckon, to calculate. Cf. Reason.]

1. Established portion or measure; fixed allowance.

The one right feeble through the evil rate, Of food which in her duress she had found. Spenser.

2. That which is established as a measure or criterion; degree; standard; rank; proportion; ratio; as, a slow rate of movement; rate of interest is the ratio of the interest to the principal, per annum.

Heretofore the rate and standard of wit was different from what it is nowadays. South.
In this did his holiness and godliness appear above the rate and pitch of other men's, in that he was so . . . merciful. Calamy.
Many of the horse could not march at that rate, nor come up soon enough. Clarendon.

3. Variation; prise fixed with relation to a standard; cost; charge; as, high or low rates of transportation.

They come at dear rates from Japan. Locke.

4. A tax or sum assessed by authority on property for public use, according to its income or value; esp., in England, a local tax; as, parish rates; town rates.

5. Order; arrangement. [Obs.]

Thus sat they all around in seemly rate. Spenser.

6. Ratification; approval. [R.] Chapman.

7. (Horol.) The gain or loss of a timepiece in a unit of time; as, daily rate; hourly rate; etc.

8. (Naut.) (a) The order or class to which a war vessel belongs, determined according to its size, armament, etc.; as, first rate, second rate, etc. (b) The class of a merchant vessel for marine insurance, determined by its relative safety as a risk, as A1, A2, etc.

Rate

Rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rated; p. pr. & vb. n. Rating.]

1. To set a certain estimate on; to value at a certain price or degree.

To rate a man by the nature of his companions is a rule frequent indeed, but not infallible. South.
You seem not high enough your joys to rate. Dryden.

2. To assess for the payment of a rate or tax.

3. To settle the relative scale, rank, position, amount, value, or quality of; as, to rate a ship; to rate a seaman; to rate a pension.

4. To ratify. [Obs.] "To rate the truce." Chapman. To rate a chronometer, to ascertain the exact rate of its gain or loss as compared with true time, so as to make an allowance or computation depended thereon. Syn. -- To value; appraise; estimate; reckon.

Rate

Rate, v. i.

1. To be set or considered in a class; to have rank; as, the ship rates as a ship of the line.

2. To make an estimate.

Rateable

Rate"a*ble (?), a. See Ratable.

Ratel

Ra"tel (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) Any carnivore of the genus Mellivora, allied to the weasels and the skunks; -- called also honey badger. &hand; Several species are known in Africa and India. The Cape ratel (M. Capensis) and the Indian ratel (M. Indica) are the best known. The back is gray; the lower parts, face, and tail are black. They are fond of honey, and rob the nests of wild bees.

Ratepayer

Rate"pay`er (?), n. One who pays rates or taxes.

Rater

Rat"er (?), n. One who rates or estimates.

Rater

Rat"er, n. One who rates or scolds.

Ratfish

Rat"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rat-tail.

Rath

Rath (?), n. [Ir. rath.]

1. A hill or mound. [Ireland] Spencer.

2. A kind of ancient fortification found in Ireland.

Rath, Rathe

Rath, Rathe (?), a. [AS. hr\'91\'eb, hr\'91d, quick, akin to OHG. hrad, Icel. hra\'ebr.] Coming before others, or before the usual time; early. [Obs. or Poetic]
Bring the rathe primrose that forsaken dies. Milton.

Rath, Rathe

Rath, Rathe, adv. Early; soon; betimes. [Obs. or Poetic]
Why rise ye up so rathe? Chaucer.
Too rathe cut off by practice criminal. Spencer.

Rather

Rath"er (?), a. [Compar. of Rath, a.] Prior; earlier; former. [Obs.]
Now no man dwelleth at the rather town. Sir J. Mandeville.

Rather

Rath"er (?), adv. [AS. hra\'ebor, compar. of hra\'ebe, hr\'91\'ebe, quickly, immediately. See Rath, a.]

1. Earlier; sooner; before. [Obs.]

Thou shalt, quod he, be rather false than I. Chaucer.
A good mean to come the rather to grace. Foxe.

2. More readily or willingly; preferably.

My soul chooseth . . . death rather than my life. Job vii. 15.

3. On the other hand; to the contrary of what was said or suggested; instead.

Was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse. Mark v. 26.

4. Of two alternatives conceived of, by preference to, or as more likely than, the other; somewhat.

He sought throughout the world, but sought in vain, And nowhere finding, rather feared her slain. Dryden.

5. More properly; more correctly speaking.

This is an art Which does mend nature, change it rather, but The art itself is nature. Shak.

6. In some degree; somewhat; as, the day is rather warm; the house is rather damp. The rather, the more so; especially; for better reason; for particular cause.

You are come to me in happy time, The rather for I have some sport in hand. Shak.
-- Had rather, ∨ Would rather, prefer to; prefers to; as, he had, ∨ would, rather go than stay. "I had rather speak five words with my understanding than ten thousands words in an unknown tongue." 1 Cor. xiv. 19. See Had rather, under Had.

Rathripe

Rath"ripe` (?), a. Rareripe, or early ripe. -- n. A rareripe. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Such who delight in rathripe fruits. Fuller.

Ratification

Rat`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. ratification.] The act of ratifying; the state of being ratified; confirmation; sanction; as, the ratification of a treaty.

Ratifier

Rat"i*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, ratifies; a confirmer. Shak.

Ratify

Rat"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ratified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ratifying (?).] [F. ratifier, fr. L. ratus fixed by calculation, firm, valid + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Rate, n., and -fy.] To approve and sanction; to make valid; to establish; to settle; especially, to give sanction to, as something done by an agent or servant; as, to ratify an agreement, treaty, or contract; to ratify a nomination.
It is impossible for the divine power to set a seal to a lie by ratifying an imposture with such a miracle. South.

Ratihabition

Rat`i*ha*bi"tion (?), n. [L. ratihabitio; ratus fixed, valid + habere to hold.] Confirmation or approbation, as of an act or contract. [Obs.] Jer. Tailor.

Ratio

Ra"ti*o (?), n. [L., fr. reri, ratus, to reckon, believe, think, judge. See Reason.]

1. (Math.) The relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind. It is expressed by the quotient of the division of the first by the second; thus, the ratio of 3 to 6 is expressed by a to b by a/b; or (less commonly) the second is made the dividend; as, a:b = b/a. &hand; Some writers consider ratio as the quotient itself, making ratio equivalent to a number. The term ratio is also sometimes applied to the difference of two quantities as well as to their quotient, in which case the former is called arithmetical ratio, the latter, geometrical ratio. The name ratio is sometimes given to the rule of three in arithmetic. See under Rule.

2. Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity, or degree; rate; proportion; as, the ratio of representation in Congress. Compound ratio, Duplicate ratio, Inverse ratio, etc. See under Compound, Duplicate, etc. -- Ratio of a geometrical progression, the constant quantity by which each term is multiplied to produce the succeeding one.

Ratiocinate

Ra`ti*oc"i*nate (?), v. i. [L. ratiocinatus, p. p. of ratiocinari, fr. ratio reason. See Ratio.] To reason, esp. deductively; to offer reason or argument.

Ratiocination

Ra`ti*oc"i*na"tion (?), n. [L. ratiocinatio: cf. F. ratiocination.] The process of reasoning, or deducing conclusions from premises; deductive reasoning.

Ratiocinative

Ra`ti*oc"i*na*tive (?), a. [L. ratiocinativus.] Characterized by, or addicted to, ratiocination; consisting in the comparison of proportions or facts, and the deduction of inferences from the comparison; argumentative; as, a ratiocinative process.
The ratiocinative meditativeness of his character. Coleridge.

Ratiocinatory

Ra`ti*oc"i*na*to*ry (?), a. Ratiocinative. [R.]

Ration

Ra"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. ratio a reckoning, calculation, relation, reference, LL. ratio ration. See Ratio.]

1. A fixed daily allowance of provisions assigned to a soldier in the army, or a sailor in the navy, for his subsistence. &hand; Officers have several rations, the number varying according to their rank or the number of their attendants.

2. Hence, a certain portion or fixed amount dealt out; an allowance; an allotment.

Ration

Ra"tion, v. t. To supply with rations, as a regiment.

Rational

Ra"tion*al (?), a. [L. rationalis: cf. F. rationnel. See Ratio, Reason, and cf. Rationale.]

1. Relating to reason; not physical; mental.

Moral philosophy was his chiefest end; for the rational, the natural, and mathematics . . . were but simple pastimes in comparison of the other. Sir T. North.

2. Having reason, or the faculty of reasoning; endowed with reason or understanding; reasoning.

It is our glory and happiness to have a rational nature. Law.

3. Agreeable to reason; not absurd, preposterous, extravagant, foolish, fanciful, or the like; wise; judicious; as, rational conduct; a rational man.

4. (Chem.) Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formul\'91. See under Formula. Rational horizon. (Astron.) See Horizon, 2 (b). -- Rational quantity (Alg. ), one that can be expressed without the use of a radical sign, or in extract parts of unity; -- opposed to irrational or radical quantity. -- Rational symptom (Med.), one elicited by the statements of the patient himself and not as the result of a physical examination. <-- rational drug design. --> Syn. -- Sane; sound; intelligent; reasonable; sensible; wise; discreet; judicious. -- Rational, reasonable. Rational has reference to reason as a faculty of the mind, and is opposed to traditional; as, a rational being, a rational state of mind, rational views, etc. In these cases the speculative reason is more particularly, referred to. Reasonable has reference to the exercise of this faculty for practical purposes, and means, governed or directed by reason; as, reasonable prospect of success.

What higher in her society thou find'st Attractive, human, rational, love still. Milton.
A law may be reasonable in itself, although a man does not allow it, or does not know the reason of the lawgivers. Swift.

Rational

Ra"tion*al, n. A rational being. Young.

Rationale

Ra`tion*a"le (?), n. [L. rationalis, neut. rationale. See Rational, a.] An explanation or exposition of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis, phenomenon, or like; also, the principles themselves.

Rationalism

Ra"tion*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. rationalisme.]

1. (Theol.) The doctrine or system of those who deduce their religious opinions from reason or the understanding, as distinct from, or opposed to, revelation.

2. (Philos.) The system that makes rational power the ultimate test of truth; -- opposed to sensualism, or sensationalism, and empiricism. Fleming.

Rationalist

Ra"tion*al*ist, n. [Cf. F. rationaliste.] One who accepts rationalism as a theory or system; also, disparagingly, a false reasoner. See Citation under Reasonist.

Rationalistic, Rationalistical

Ra`tion*al*is"tic (?), Ra`tion*al*is"tic*al (?) a. Belonging to, or in accordance with, the principles of rationalism. -- Ra`tion*al*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

Rationality

Ra`tion*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. -ties (#). [F. rationalit\'82, or L. rationalitas.] The quality or state of being rational; agreement with reason; possession of reason; due exercise of reason; reasonableness.
When God has made rationality the common portion of mankind, how came it to be thy inclosure? Gov. of Tongue.
Well-directed intentions, whose rationalities will never bear a rigid examination. Sir T. Browne.

Rationalization

Ra`tion*al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of rationalizing.

Rationalize

Ra"tion*al*ize (?), v. t.

1. To make rational; also, to convert to rationalism.

2. To interpret in the manner of a rationalist.

3. To form a rational conception of.

4. (Alg.) To render rational; to free from radical signs or quantities.

Rationalize

Ra"tion*al*ize, v. i. To use, and rely on, reason in forming a theory, belief, etc., especially in matters of religion: to accord with the principles of rationalism.
Theodore . . . is just considered the chief rationalizing doctor of antiquity. J. H. Newman.

Rationally

Ra"tion*al*ly, adv. In a rational manner.

Rationalness

Ra"tion*al*ness, n. The quality or state of being rational; rationality.

Ratit\'91

Ra*ti"t\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. ratis a raft; cf. L. ratitus marked with the figure of a raft.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of birds in which the wings are small, rudimentary, or absent, and the breastbone is destitute of a keel. The ostrich, emu, and apteryx are examples.

Ratitate

Rat"i*tate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Ratit\'91.

Ratite

Rat"ite (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Ratit\'91. -- n. One of the Ratit\'91.

Ratlines, ratlins

Rat"lines, rat"lins, n. pl. [Of uncertain origin.] (Naut.) The small transverse ropes attached to the shrouds and forming the steps of a rope ladder. [Written also ratlings, and rattlings.] Totten.

Raton

Rat"on (?), n. [Cf. Raccoon.] A small rat. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Ratoon

Ra*toon" (?), n.

1. Same as Rattoon, n.

2. A rattan cane. [Obs.] Pepys.

Ratoon

Ra*toon", v. i. Same as Rattoon, v. i.

Ratsbane

Rats"bane (?), n. [Rat + bane.] Rat poison; white arsenic.

Ratsbaned

Rats"baned` (?), a. Poisoned by ratsbane.

Rat-tail

Rat"-tail` (?), a. Like a rat's tale in form; as, a rat-tail file, which is round, slender, and tapering. See Illust. of File.

Rat-tail

Rat"-tail`, n.

1. (Far.) pl. An excrescence growing from the pastern to the middle of the shank of a horse.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The California chim\'91ra. See Chim\'91ra. (b) Any fish of the genus Macrurus. See Grenadier, 2.

Rat-tailed

Rat"-tailed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a long, tapering tail like that of a rat. Rat-tailed larva (Zo\'94l.), the larva of a fly of the genus Eristalis. See Eristalis. -- Rat-tailed serpent (Zo\'94l.), the fer-de-lance. -- Rat-tailed shrew (Zo\'94l.), the musk shrew.

Rattan

Rat*tan" (?), n. [Malay r&omac;tan.] [Written also ratan.] (Bot. ) One of the long slender flexible stems of several species of palms of the genus Calamus, mostly East Indian, though some are African and Australian. They are exceedingly tough, and are used for walking sticks, wickerwork, chairs and seats of chairs, cords and cordage, and many other purposes.

Ratteen

Rat*teen" (?), n. [F. ratine.] A thick woolen stuff quilled or twilled.

Ratten

Rat"ten (?), v. t. [Prov. E. ratten a rat, hence the verb literally means, to do mischief like a rat.] To deprive feloniously of the tools used in one's employment (as by breaking or stealing them), for the purpose of annoying; as, to ratten a mechanic who works during a strike. [Trades-union Cant] J. McCarthy.

Ratter

Rat"ter (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rats, as one who deserts his party.

2. Anything which catches rats; esp., a dog trained to catch rats; a rat terrier. See Terrier.

Rattinet

Rat`ti*net" (?), n. A woolen stuff thinner than ratteen.

Ratting

Rat"ting (?), n.

1. The conduct or practices of one who rats. See Rat, v. i., 1. Sydney Smith.

2. The low sport of setting a dog upon rats confined in a pit to see how many he will kill in a given time.

Rattle

Rat"tle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rattled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rattling (?).] [Akin to D. ratelen, G. rasseln, AS. hr\'91tele a rattle, in hr\'91telwyrt rattlewort; cf. Gr. Rail a bird.]

1. To make a quick succession of sharp, inharmonious noises, as by the collision of hard and not very sonorous bodies shaken together; to clatter.

And the rude hail in rattling tempest forms. Addison.
'T was but the wind, Or the car rattling o'er the stony street. Byron.

Page 1192

2. To drive or ride briskly, so as to make a clattering; as, we rattled along for a couple of miles. [Colloq.]

3. To make a clatter with a voice; to talk rapidly and idly; to clatter; -- with on or away; as, she rattled on for an hour. [Colloq.]

Rattle

Rat"tle (?), v. t.

1. To cause to make a ratting or clattering sound; as, to rattle a chain.

2. To assail, annoy, or stun with a ratting noise.

Sound but another [drum], and another shall As loud as thine rattle the welkin's ear. Shak.

3. Hence, to disconcert; to confuse; as, to rattle one's judgment; to rattle a player in a game. [Colloq.]

4. To scold; to rail at. L'Estrange. To rattle off. (a) To tell glibly or noisily; as, to rattle off a story. (b) To rail at; to scold. "She would sometimes rattle off her servants sharply." Arbuthnot.

Rattle

Rat"tle, n.

1. A rapid succession of sharp, clattering sounds; as, the rattle of a drum. Prior.

2. Noisy, rapid talk.

All this ado about the golden age is but an empty rattle and frivolous conceit. Hakewill.

3. An instrument with which a ratting sound is made; especially, a child's toy that rattle when shaken.

The rattles of Isis and the cymbals of Brasilea nearly enough resemble each other. Sir W. Raleigh.
Pleased with a rattle, tickled with a straw. Pope.

4. A noisy, senseless talker; a jabberer.

It may seem strange that a man who wrote with so much perspicuity, vivacity, and grace, should have been, whenever he took a part in conversation, an empty, noisy, blundering rattle. Macaulay.

5. A scolding; a sharp rebuke. [Obs.] Heylin.

6. (Zo\'94l.) Any organ of an animal having a structure adapted to produce a ratting sound. &hand; The rattle of the rattlesnake is composed of the hardened terminal scales, loosened in succession, but not cast off, and so modified in form as to make a series of loose, hollow joints.

7. The noise in the throat produced by the air in passing through mucus which the lungs are unable to expel; -- chiefly observable at the approach of death, when it is called the death rattle. See R&acir;le. To spring a rattle, to cause it to sound. -- Yellow rattle (Bot.), a yellow-flowered herb (Rhinanthus Crista-galli), the ripe seeds of which rattle in the inflated calyx.

Rattlebox

Rat"tle*box` (?), n.

1. A toy that makes a rattle sound; a rattle.

2. (Bot.) (a) An American herb (Crotalaria sagittalis), the seeds of which, when ripe, rattle in the inflated pod. (b) Any species of Crotalaria, a genus of yellow-flowered herbs, with inflated, many-seeded pods.

Rattle-brained

Rat"tle-brained` (?), a. Giddy; rattle-headed.

Rattlehead

Rat"tle*head` (?), n. An empty, noisy talker.

Rattle-headed

Rat"tle-head`ed, a. Noisy; giddy; unsteady.

Rattlemouse

Rat"tle*mouse` (?), n. A bat. [Obs.] Puttenham.

Rattlepate

Rat"tle*pate` (?), n. A rattlehead. C. Kingsley.

Rattle-pated

Rat"tle-pat`ed, a. Rattle-headed. "A noisy, rattle-pated fellow." W. Irving.

Rattler

Rat"tler (?), n. One who, or that which, rattles.

Rattlesnake

Rat"tle*snake` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of venomous American snakes belonging to the genera Crotalus and Caudisona, or Sistrurus. They have a series of horny interlocking joints at the end of the tail which make a sharp ratting sound when shaken. The common rattlesnake of the Northern United States (Crotalus horridus), and the diamond rattlesnake of the south (C. adamanteus), are the best known. See Illust. of Fang. <-- also called rattler, and C. adamateus, and C. atrox are also called the diamondback rattler, or diamondback. --> Ground rattlesnake (Zo\'94l.), a small rattlesnake (Caudisona, ∨ Sistrurus, miliaria) of the Southern United States, having a small rattle. It has nine large scales on its head. -- Rattlesnake fern (Bot.), a common American fern (Botrychium Virginianum) having a triangular decompound frond and a long-stalked panicle of spore cases rising from the middle of the frond. -- Rattlesnake grass (Bot.), a handsome American grass (Glyceria Canadensis) with an ample panicle of rather large ovate spikelets, each one composed of imbricated parts and slightly resembling the rattle of the rattlesnake. Sometimes called quaking grass. -- Rattlesnake plantain (Bot.), See under Plantain. -- Rattlesnake root (Bot.), a name given to certain American species of the composite genus Prenanthes (P. alba and P. serpentaria), formerly asserted to cure the bite of the rattlesnake. Calling also lion's foot, gall of the earth, and white lettuce. -- Rattlesnake's master (Bot.) (a) A species of Agave (Agave Virginica) growing in the Southern United States. (b) An umbelliferous plant (Eryngium yucc\'91folium) with large bristly-fringed linear leaves. (c) A composite plant, the blazing star (Liatris squarrosa). -- Rattlesnake weed (Bot.), a plant of the composite genus Hieracium (H. venosum); -- probably so named from its spotted leaves. See also Snakeroot.

Rattletrap

Rat"tle*trap` (?), n. Any machine or vehicle that does not run smoothly. [Colloq.] A. Trollope.

Rattleweed

Rat"tle*weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Astragalus. See Milk vetch.

Rattlewings

Rat"tle*wings` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The golden-eye.

Rattlewort

Rat"tle*wort` (?), n. [AS. hr\'91telwyrt.] (Bot.) Same as Rattlebox.

Rattlings

Rat"tlings (?), n. pl. (Naut.) Ratlines.

Rattoon

Rat*toon" (?), n. [Sp. reto\'a4o.] One of the stems or shoots of sugar cane of the second year's growth from the root, or later. See Plant-cane.

Rattoon

Rat*toon", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rattooned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rattooning.] [Cf. Sp. reto\'a4ar.] To sprout or spring up from the root, as sugar cane of the previous year's planting.

Raucid

Rau"cid (?), a. [L. raucus hoarse; cf. LL. raucidus.] Hoarse; raucous [R.] Lamb.

Raucity

Rau"ci*ty (?), n. [L. rausitas, from raucus hoarse: cf. F. raucit\'82.] Harshness of sound; rough utterance; hoarseness; as, the raucity of a trumpet, or of the human voice.

Raucous

Rau"cous (?), a. [L. raucus.] Hoarse; harsh; rough; as, a raucous, thick tone. "His voice slightly raucous." Aytoun. -- Rau"cous*ly, adv.

Raught

Raught (?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Reach. Shak.

Raught

Raught, obs. imp. & p. p. of Reck. Chaucer.

Raunch

Raunch (?), v. t. See Ranch. Spenser.

Raunsoun

Raun*soun" (?), n. Ransom. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ravage

Rav"age (?; 48), n. [F., fr. (assumed) L. rapagium, rapaticum, fr. rapere to carry off by force, to ravish. See Rapacious, Ravish.] Desolation by violence; violent ruin or destruction; devastation; havoc; waste; as, the ravage of a lion; the ravages of fire or tempest; the ravages of an army, or of time. <-- ravages of time -->
Would one think 't were possible for love To make such ravage in a noble soul? Addison.
Syn. -- Despoilment; devastation; desolation; pillage; plunder; spoil; waste; ruin.

Ravage

Rav"age, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ravaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ravaging (?).] [F. ravager. See Ravage, n.] To lay waste by force; to desolate by violence; to commit havoc or devastation upon; to spoil; to plunder; to consume.
Already C\'91sar Has ravaged more than half the globe. Addison.
His lands were daily ravaged, his cattle driven away. Macaulay.
Syn. -- To despoil; pillage; plunger; sack; spoil; devastate; desolate; destroy; waste; ruin.

Ravager

Rav"a*ger (?), n. One who, or that which, ravages or lays waste; spoiler.

Rave

Rave, n. [Prov. E. raves, or rathes, a frame laid on a wagon, for carrying hay, etc.] One of the upper side pieces of the frame of a wagon body or a sleigh.

Rave

Rave (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Raved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Raving.] [F. r\'88ver to rave, to be delirious, to dream; perhaps fr. L. rabere to rave, rage, be mad or furious. Cf. Rage, Reverie.]

1. To wander in mind or intellect; to be delirious; to talk or act irrationally; to be wild, furious, or raging, as a madman.

In our madness evermore we rave. Chaucer.
Have I not cause to rave and beat my breast? Addison.
The mingled torrent of redcoats and tartans went raving down the valley to the gorge of Kiliecrankie. Macaulay.

2. To rush wildly or furiously. Spencer.

3. To talk with unreasonable enthusiasm or excessive passion or excitement; -- followed by about, of, or on; as, he raved about her beauty.

The hallowed scene Which others rave on, though they know it not. Byron.

Rave

Rave, v. t. To utter in madness or frenzy; to say wildly; as, to rave nonsense. Young.

Ravehook

Rave"hook (?), n. (Shipbuilding) A tool, hooked at the end, for enlarging or clearing seams for the reception of oakum.

Ravel

Rav"el (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Raveled (?) or Ravelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Raveling or Ravelling.] [. ravelen, D. rafelen, akin to LG. rebeln, rebbeln, reffeln.]

1. To separate or undo the texture of; to take apart; to untwist; to unweave or unknit; -- often followed by out; as, to ravel a twist; to ravel out a sticking.<-- = to unravel? -->

Sleep, that knits up the raveled sleave of care. Shak.

2. To undo the intricacies of; to disentangle.

3. To pull apart, as the threads of a texture, and let them fall into a tangled mass; hence, to entangle; to make intricate; to involve.

What glory's due to him that could divide Such raveled interests? has he not untied? Waller.
The faith of very many men seems a duty so weak and indifferent, is so often untwisted by violence, or raveled and entangled in weak discourses! Jer. Taylor.

Ravel

Rav"el, v. i.

1. To become untwisted or unwoven; to be disentangled; to be relieved of intricacy.

2. To fall into perplexity and confusion. [Obs.]

Till, by their own perplexities involved, They ravel more, still less resolved. Milton.

3. To make investigation or search, as by picking out the threads of a woven pattern. [Obs.]

The humor of raveling into all these mystical or entangled matters. Sir W. Temple.

Raveler

Rav"el*er (?), n. [Also raveller.] One who ravels.

Ravelin

Rave"lin (?), n. [F.; cf. Sp. rebellin, It. revellino, rivellino; perhaps fr. L. re- again + vallum wall.] (Fort.) A detached work with two embankments with make a salient angle. It is raised before the curtain on the counterscarp of the place. Formerly called demilune and half-moon.

Raveling

Rav"el*ing (?), n. [Also ravelling.]

1. The act of untwisting, or of disentangling.

2. That which is raveled out; esp., a thread detached from a texture.

Raven

Ra"ven (?), n. [AS. hr\'91fn; akin to raaf, G. rabe, OHG. hraban, Icel. hrafn, Dan. ravn, and perhaps to L. corvus, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A large black passerine bird (Corvus corax), similar to the crow, but larger. It is native of the northern part of Europe, Asia and America, and is noted for its sagacity. Sea raven (Zo\'94l.), the cormorant.

Raven

Ra"ven, a. Of the color of the raven; jet black; as, raven curls; raven darkness. <-- raven-haired -->

Raven

Rav"en (?), n. [OF. ravine impetuosity, violence, F. ravine ravine. See Ravine, Rapine.] [Written also ravin, and ravine.]

1. Rapine; rapacity. Ray.

2. Prey; plunder; food obtained by violence.

Raven

Rav"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ravened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ravening.] [Written also ravin, and ravine.]

1. To obtain or seize by violence. Hakewill.

2. To devoir with great eagerness.

Like rats that ravin down their proper bane. Shak.

Raven

Rav"en, v. i. To prey with rapacity; to be greedy; to show rapacity. [Written also ravin, and ravine.]
Benjamin shall raven as a wolf. Gen. xlix. 27.

Ravenala

Rav`e*na"la (?), n. [Malagasy.] (Bot.) A genus of plants related to the banana. &hand; Ravenala Madagascariensis, the principal species, is an unbranched tree with immense oarlike leaves growing alternately from two sides of the stem. The sheathing bases of the leafstalks collect and retain rain water, which flows freely when they are pierced with a knife, whence the plant is called traveller's tree.

Ravener

Rav"en*er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, ravens or plunders. Gower.

2. A bird of prey, as the owl or vulture. [Obs.] Holland.

Ravening

Rav"en*ing, n. Eagerness for plunder; rapacity; extortion. Luke xi. 39.

Ravening

Rav"en*ing, a. Greedily devouring; rapacious; as, ravening wolves. -- Rav"en*ing*ly, adv.

Ravenous

Rav"en*ous (?), a. [From 2d Raven.]

1. Devouring with rapacious eagerness; furiously voracious; hungry even to rage; as, a ravenous wolf or vulture.

2. Eager for prey or gratification; as, a ravenous appetite or desire. -- Rav"en*ous*ly, adv. -- Rav"en*ous*ness, n.

Raven's-duck

Ra"ven's-duck` (?), n. [Cf. G. ravenstuch.] A fine quality of sailcloth. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Raver

Rav"er (?), n. One who raves.

Ravin

Rav"in (?), n. Ravenous. [Obs.] Shak.

Ravin, Ravine

Rav"in, Ravine (?), n. [See 2d Raven.] Food obtained by violence; plunder; prey; raven. "Fowls of ravyne." Chaucer.
Though Nature, red in tooth and claw With ravine, shrieked against his creed. Tennyson.
<-- famous quote from In memoriam, 56, st. 4 -->

Ravin, Ravine

Rav"in, Rav"ine, v. t. & i. See Raven, v. t. & i.

Ravine

Ra*vine" (?), n. [F., a place excavated by a torrent, a ravine, fr. ravir to snatch or tear away, L. rapere; cf. L. rapina rapine. See Ravish, and cf. Rapine, Raven prey.]

1. A torrent of water. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

2. A deep and narrow hollow, usually worn by a stream or torrent of water; a gorge; a mountain cleft.

Raving

Rav"ing (?), a. Talking irrationally and wildly; as, a raving lunatic. -- Rav"ing*ly, adv.

Ravish

Rav"ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ravished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ravishing.] [OE. ravissen, F. ravir, fr. L. rapere to snatch or tear away, to ravish. See Rapacious, Rapid, and -ish.]

1. To seize and carry away by violence; to snatch by force.

These hairs which thou dost ravish from my chin Will quicken, and accuse thee. Shak.
This hand shall ravish thy pretended right. Dryden.

2. To transport with joy or delight; to delight to ecstasy. "Ravished . . . for the joy." Chaucer.

Thou hast ravished my heart. Cant. iv. 9.

3. To have carnal knowledge of (a woman) by force, and against her consent; to rape. Shak. Syn. -- To transport; entrance; enrapture; delight; violate; deflour; force. <-- sic. "deflour" is given in this dict. as the preferred sp. of "deflower" -->

Ravisher

Rav"ish*er (?), n. One who ravishes (in any sense).

Ravishing

Rav"ish*ing, a. Rapturous; transporting.

Ravishingly

Rav"ish*ing*ly, adv. In a ravishing manner.

Ravishment

Rav"ish*ment (?), n. [F. ravissement. See Ravish.]

1. The act of carrying away by force or against consent; abduction; as, the ravishment of children from their parents, or a ward from his guardian, or of a wife from her husband. Blackstone.

2. The state of being ravished; rapture; transport of delight; ecstasy. Spencer.

In whose sight all things joy, with ravishment Attracted by thy beauty still to gaze. Milton.

3. The act of ravishing a woman; rape.

Ravissant

Rav"is*sant (?), a. [F.] (Her.) In a half-raised position, as if about to spring on prey.
Page 1193

Raw

Raw (?), a. [Compar Rawer (?); superl. Rawest.] [AS. hre\'a0w; akin to D. raauw, LG. rau, G. roh, OHG. r&omac;, Icel. hr\'ber, Dan. raa, Sw. r\'86, L. crudus, Gr. kre`as flesh, Skr. kravis raw flesh. &root;18. Cf. Crude, Cruel.]

1. Not altered from its natural state; not prepared by the action of heat; as, raw sienna; specifically, not cooked; not changed by heat to a state suitable for eating; not done; as, raw meat.

2. Hence: Unprepared for use or enjoyment; immature; unripe; unseasoned; inexperienced; unpracticed; untried; as, raw soldiers; a raw recruit.

Approved himself to the raw judgment of the multitude. De Quincey.

3. Not worked in due form; in the natural state; untouched by art; unwrought. Specifically: (a) Not distilled; as, raw water. [Obs.] Bacon. (b) Not spun or twisted; as, raw silk or cotton. (c) Not mixed or diluted; as, raw spirits. (d) Not tried; not melted and strained; as, raw tallow. (e) Not tanned; as, raw hides. (f) Not trimmed, covered, or folded under; as, the raw edge of a piece of metal or of cloth.

4. Not covered; bare. Specifically: (a) Bald. [Obs.] "With scull all raw." Spencer (b) Deprived of skin; galled; as, a raw sore. (c) Sore, as if by being galled.

And all his sinews waxen weak and raw Through long imprisonment. Spenser.

5. Disagreeably damp or cold; chilly; as, a raw wind. "A raw and gusty day." Shak. Raw material, material that has not been subjected to a (specified) process of manufacture; as, ore is the raw material used in smelting; leather is the raw material of the shoe industry. -- Raw pig, cast iron as it comes from the smelting furnace.

Raw

Raw, n. A raw, sore, or galled place; a sensitive spot; as, to touch one on the raw.
Like savage hackney coachmen, they know where there is a raw. De Quincey.

Rawbone

Raw"bone` (?), a. Rawboned. [Obs.] Spencer.

Rawboned

Raw"boned`, a. Having little flesh on the bones; gaunt. Shak.

Rawhead

Raw"head` (?), n. A specter mentioned to frighten children; as, rawhead and bloodybones.

Rawhide

Raw"hide` (?), n. A cowhide, or coarse riding whip, made of untanned (or raw) hide twisted.

Rawish

Raw"ish, a. Somewhat raw. [R.] Marston.

Rawly

Raw"ly, adv.

1. In a raw manner; unskillfully; without experience.

2. Without proper preparation or provision. Shak.

Rawness

Raw"ness, n. The quality or state of being raw.

Ray

Ray (?), v. t. [An aphetic form of array; cf. Beray.]

1. To array. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

2. To mark, stain, or soil; to streak; to defile. [Obs.] "The fifth that did it ray." Spenser.

Ray

Ray, n. Array; order; arrangement; dress. [Obs.]
And spoiling all her gears and goodly ray. Spenser.

Ray

Ray, n. [OF. rai, F. rais, fr. L. radius a beam or ray, staff, rod, spoke of a wheel. Cf. Radius.]

1. One of a number of lines or parts diverging from a common point or center, like the radii of a circle; as, a star of six rays.

2. (Bot.) A radiating part of the flower or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, as an aster or a sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower cluster; radius. See Radius.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the radiating spines, or cartilages, supporting the fins of fishes. (b) One of the spheromeres of a radiate, especially one of the arms of a starfish or an ophiuran.

4. (Physics) (a) A line of light or heat proceeding from a radiant or reflecting point; a single element of light or heat propagated continuously; as, a solar ray; a polarized ray. (b) One of the component elements of the total radiation from a body; any definite or limited portion of the spectrum; as, the red ray; the violet ray. See Illust. under Light.

5. Sight; perception; vision; -- from an old theory of vision, that sight was something which proceeded from the eye to the object seen.

All eyes direct their rays On him, and crowds turn coxcombs as they gaze. Pope.

6. (Geom.) One of a system of diverging lines passing through a point, and regarded as extending indefinitely in both directions. See Half-ray. Bundle of rays. (Geom.) See Pencil of rays, below. -- Extraordinary ray (Opt.), that one or two parts of a ray divided by double refraction which does not follow the ordinary law of refraction. -- Ordinary ray (Opt.) that one of the two parts of a ray divided by double refraction which follows the usual or ordinary law of refraction. -- Pencil of rays (Geom.), a definite system of rays. -- Ray flower, ∨ Ray floret (Bot.), one of the marginal flowers of the capitulum in such composite plants as the aster, goldenrod, daisy, and sunflower. They have an elongated, strap-shaped corolla, while the corollas of the disk flowers are tubular and five-lobed. -- Ray point (Geom.), the common point of a pencil of rays. -- R\'94ntgen ray ( (Phys.), a kind of ray generated in a very highly exhausted vacuum tube by the electrical discharge. It is capable of passing through many bodies opaque to light, and producing photographic and fluorescent effects by which means pictures showing the internal structure of opaque objects are made, called radiographs, or sciagraphs<-- or X-ray photographs, radiograms, or X-rays -->. So called from the discoverer, W. C. R\'94ntgen. -- X ray, the R\'94ntgen ray; -- so called by its discoverer because of its enigmatical character, x being an algebraic symbol for an unknown quantity.

Ray

Ray, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Raying.] [Cf. OF. raier, raiier, rayer, L. radiare to irradiate. See Ray, n., and cf. Radiate.]

1. To mark with long lines; to streak. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. [From Ray, n.] To send forth or shoot out; to cause to shine out; as, to ray smiles. [R.] Thompson.

Ray

Ray, v. t. To shine, as with rays. Mrs. Browning.

Ray

Ray, n. [F. raie, L. raia. Cf. Roach.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous elasmobranch fishes of the order Rai\'91, including the skates, torpedoes, sawfishes, etc. (b) In a restricted sense, any of the broad, flat, narrow-tailed species, as the skates and sting rays. See Skate. Bishop ray, a yellow-spotted, long-tailed eagle ray (Stoasodon n\'85rinari) of the Southern United States and the West Indies. -- Butterfly ray, a short-tailed American sting ray (Pteroplatea Maclura), having very broad pectoral fins. -- Devil ray. See Sea Devil. -- Eagle ray, any large ray of the family Myliobatid\'91, or \'92tobatid\'91. The common European species (Myliobatis aquila) is called also whip ray, and miller. -- Electric ray, or Cramp ray, a torpedo. -- Starry ray, a common European skate (Raia radiata). -- Sting ray, any one of numerous species of rays of the family Trygonid\'91 having one or more large, sharp, barbed dorsal spines on the whiplike tail. Called also stingaree.

Rayah

Ra"yah (?), n. [Ar. ra'iyah a herd, a subject, fr. ra'a to pasture, guard.] A person not a Mohammedan, who pays the capitation tax. [Turkey.]

Ray grass

Ray" grass` (?) [Etymol. of ray is uncertain.] (Bot.) A perennial European grass (Lolium perenne); -- called also rye grass, and red darnel. See Darnel, and Grass. Italian ray, ∨ rye, grass. See Darnel, and Grass.

Rayless

Ray"less (?), a. Destitute of rays; hence, dark; not illuminated; blind; as, a rayless sky; rayless eyes.

Rayon

Ray"on (?), n. [F.] Ray; beam. [Obs.] Spenser. <-- Rayon. A synthetic fiber, consisting of a polyamide -->

Rayonnant

Ray"on*nant (?), a. [F.] (Her.) Darting forth rays, as the sun when it shines out.

Raze

Raze (?), n. [See Rack.] A Shakespearean word (used once) supposed to mean the same as race, a root.<-- Obs. -->

Raze

Raze, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Razed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Razing.] [F. raser. See Rase, v. t.] [Written also rase.]

1. To erase; to efface; to obliterate.

Razing the characters of your renown. Shak.

2. To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to destroy; to demolish.

The royal hand that razed unhappy Troy. Dryden.
Syn. -- To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; ruin. See Demolish.

Razed

Razed (?), a. Slashed or striped in patterns. [Obs.] "Two Provincial roses on my razed shoes." Shak.

Razee

Ra*zee" (?), n. [F. vaisseau ras\'82, fr. raser to rase, to cut down ships. See Raze, v. t., Rase, v. t.] (Naut.) An armed ship having her upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next inferior rate, as a seventy-four cut down to a frigate. Totten.

Razoe

Ra*zoe", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Razeed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Razeeing.] To cut down to a less number of decks, and thus to an inferior rate or glass, as a ship; hence, to prune or abridge by cutting off or retrenching parts; as, to razee a book, or an article.

Razor

Ra"zor (?), n. [OE. rasour, OF. rasur, LL. rasor: cf. F. rasoir, LL. rasorium. See Raze, v. t., Rase, v. t.]

1. A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair from the face or the head. "Take thee a barber's rasor." <-- also called straight razor --> Ezek. v. 1. <-- (b) a similar device for shaving, with a replaceable blade. Also called safety razor. Also a similar device, made of plastic, in which the blade is neither replaceable nor can be sharpened, intended to be discarded after the blade dulls -- called a disposable razor. --> -->

2. (Zo\'94l.) A task of a wild boar. Razor fish. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small Mediterranean fish (Coryph\'91na novacula), prized for the table. (b) The razor shell. -- Razor grass (Bot.), a West Indian plant (Scleria scindens), the triangular stem and the leaves of which are edged with minute sharp teeth. -- Razor grinder (Zo\'94l.), the European goat-sucker. -- Razor shell (Zo\'94l.), any marine bivalve shell belonging to Solen and allied genera, especially Solen, ∨ Ensatella, ensis, ∧ Americana, which have a long, narrow, somewhat curved shell, resembling a razor handle in shape. Called also rasor clam, razor fish, knife handle. -- Razor stone. Same as Novaculite. -- Razor strap, ∨ razor strop, a strap or strop used in sharpening razors.<-- safety razor; disposable razor; electric razor -->

Rasorable

Ra"sor*a*ble (?), a. Ready for the razor; fit to be shaved. [R.] Shak.

Razorback

Ra"zor*back" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The rorqual.

Razor-backed

Ra"zor-backed" (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a sharp, lean, or thin back; as, a razor-backed hog, perch, etc.

Razorbill

Ra"zor*bill (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A species of auk (Alca torda) common in the Arctic seas. See Auk, and Illust. in Appendix. (b) See Cutwater, 3.

Razure

Ra"zure (?), n. [See Rasure.]

1. The act of erasing or effacing, or the state of being effaced; obliteration. See Rasure.

2. An erasure; a change made by erasing.

Razzia

Raz"zi*a (?), n. [F., fr. Ar. gh\'bez\'c6a (pron. razia in Algeria).] A plundering and destructive incursion; a foray; a rai

Re-

Re- (?). [L. re-, older form (retained before vowels) red-: cf. F. re-, r\'82-.] A prefix signifying back, against, again, anew; as, recline, to lean back; recall, to call back; recede; remove; reclaim, to call out against; repugn, to fight against; recognition, a knowing again; rejoin, to join again; reiterate, reassure. Combinations containing the prefix re- are readily formed, and are for the most part of obvious signification.

Re

Re (r&amac;). [It.] (Mus.) A syllable applied in solmization to the second tone of the diatonic scale of C; in the American system, to the second tone of any diatonic scale.

Reabsorb

Re`ab*sorb" (?), v. t. To absorb again; to draw in, or imbibe, again what has been effused, extravasated, or thrown off; to swallow up again; as, to reabsorb chyle, lymph, etc.; -- used esp. of fluids.

Reabsorption

Re`ab*sorp"tion (?), n. The act or process of rearbsorbing.

Reaccess

Re`ac*cess" (?), n. A second access or approach; a return. Hakewill.

Reaccuse

Re"ac*cuse" (?), v. t. To accuse again. Cheyne.

Reach

Reach, n. An effort to vomit. [R.]

Reach

Reach, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reached (?) (Raught, the old preterit, is obsolete); p. pr. & vb. n. Reaching.] [OE. rechen, AS. r&aemac;can, r&aemac;cean, to extend, stretch out; akin to D. reiken, G. reichen, and possibly to AS. r\'c6ce powerful, rich, E. rich. &root;115.]

1. To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like.

Her tresses yellow, and long straughten, Unto her heeles down they raughten. Rom. of R.
Reach hither thy hand and thrust it into my side. John xx. 27.
Fruit trees, over woody, reached too far Their pampered boughs. Milton.

2. Hence, to deliver by stretching out a member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another; to hand over; as, to reach one a book.

He reached me a full cap. 2 Esd. xiv. 39.

3. To attain or obtain by stretching forth the hand; too extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to reach an object with the hand, or with a spear.

O patron power, . . . thy present aid afford, Than I may reach the beast. Dryden.

4. To strike, hit, or tough with a missile; as, to reach an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a shell.

5. Hence, to extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as.

If these examples of grown men reach not the case of children, let them examine. Locke.

6. To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to touch by virtue of extent; as, his hand reaches the river.

Thy desire . . . leads to no excess That reaches blame. Milton.

7. To arrive at by effort of any kind; to attain to; to gain; to be advanced to.

The best account of the appearances of nature which human penetration can reach, comes short of its reality. Cheyne.

9. To understand; to comprehend. [Obs.]

Do what, sir? I reach you not. Beau. & Fl.

10. To overreach; to deceive. [Obs.] South.

Reach

Reach, v. t.

1. To stretch out the hand.

Goddess humane, reach, then, and freely taste! Milton.

2. To strain after something; to make efforts.

Reaching above our nature does no good. Dryden.

3. To extend in dimension, time, amount, action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to, something.

And behold, a ladder set upon the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven. Gen. xxviii. 12.
The new world reaches quite across the torrid zone. Boyle.

4. (Naut.) To sail on the wind, as from one point of tacking to another, or with the ind nearly abeam. To reach after ∨ at, to make efforts to attain to or obtain.

He would be in the mind reaching after a positive idea of infinity. Locke.

Reach

Reach, n.

1. The act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as, the fruit is beyond my reach; to be within reach of cannon shot.

2. The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity.

Drawn by others who had deeper reaches than themselves to matters which they least intended. Hayward.
Be sure yourself and your own reach to know. Pope.

3. Extent; stretch; expanse; hence, application; influence; result; scope.

And on the left hand, hell, With long reach, interposed. Milton.
I am to pray you not to strain my speech To grosser issues, nor to larger reach Than to suspicion. Shak.

4. An extended portion of land or water; a stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the sea extending up into the land. "The river's wooded reach." Tennyson.

The coast . . . is very full of creeks and reaches. Holland.

5. An article to obtain an advantage.

The Duke of Parma had particular reaches and ends of his own underhand to cross the design. Bacon.

6. The pole or rod which connects the hind axle with the forward bolster of a wagon.

Reachable

Reach"a*ble (?), a. Being within reach.

Reacher

Reach"er (?), n.

1. One who reaches.

2. An exaggeration. [Obs.] Fuller.

Reachless

Reach"less, a. Being beyond reach; lofty.
Unto a reachless pitch of praises hight. Bp. Hall.

React

Re*act" (?), v. t. To act or perform a second time; to do over again; as, to react a play; the same scenes were reacted at Rome.<-- = re-enact? -->

React

Re*act" (?), v. i.

1. To return an impulse or impression; to resist the action of another body by an opposite force; as, every body reacts on the body that impels it from its natural state.


Page 1194

2. To act upon each other; to exercise a reciprocal or a reverse effect, as two or more chemical agents; to act in opposition.

Reaction

Re*ac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82action.]

1. Any action in resisting other action or force; counter tendency; movement in a contrary direction; reverse action.

2. (Chem.) The mutual or reciprocal action of chemical agents upon each other, or the action upon such chemical agents of some form of energy, as heat, light, or electricity, resulting in a chemical change in one or more of these agents, with the production of new compounds or the manifestation of distinctive characters. See Blowpipe reaction, Flame reaction, under Blowpipe, and Flame.

3. (Med.) An action included by vital resistance to some other action; depression or exhaustion of vital force consequent on overexertion or overstimulation; heightened activity and overaction succeeding depression or shock.

4. (Mech.) The force which a body subjected to the action of a force from another body exerts upon the latter body in the opposite direction.

Reaction is always equal and opposite to action, that is to say, the actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal and in opposite directions. Sir I. Newton (3d Law of Motion).

5. (Politics) Backward tendency or movement after revolution, reform, or great progress in any direction.

The new king had, at the very moment at which his fame and fortune reached the highest point, predicted the coming reaction. Macaulay.
Reaction time (Physiol.), in nerve physiology, the interval between the application of a stimulus to an end organ of sense and the reaction or resulting movement; -- called also physiological time. -- Reaction wheel (Mech.), a water wheel driven by the reaction of water, usually one in which the water, entering it centrally, escapes at its periphery in a direction opposed to that of its motion by orifices at right angles, or inclined, to its radii.

Reactionary

Re*ac"tion*a*ry (?), a. Being, causing, or favoring reaction; as, reactionary movements.

Reactionary

Re*ac"tion*a*ry, n.; pl. Reactionaries (. One who favors reaction, or seeks to undo political progress or revolution.

Reactionist

Re*ac"tion*ist, n. A reactionary. C. Kingsley.

Reactive

Re*act`ive (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82actif.] Having power to react; tending to reaction; of the nature of reaction. -- Re*act"ive*ly, adv. -- Re*act"ive*ness, n.

Read

Read (?), n. Rennet. See 3d Reed. [Prov. Eng.]

Read

Read (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Read (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reading.] [OE. reden, r\'91den, AS. r&aemac;dan to read, advice, counsel, fr. r&aemac;d advise, counsel, r&aemac;dan (imperf. reord) to advice, counsel, guess; akin to D. raden to advise, G. raten, rathen, Icel. r\'be&edh;a, Goth. r&emac;dan (in comp.), and perh. also to Skr. r\'bedh to succeed. &root;116. Cf. Riddle.]

1. To advise; to counsel. [Obs.] See Rede.

Therefore, I read thee, get to God's word, and thereby try all doctrine. Tyndale.

2. To interpret; to explain; as, to read a riddle.

3. To tell; to declare; to recite. [Obs.]

But read how art thou named, and of what kin. Spenser.

4. To go over, as characters or words, and utter aloud, or recite to one's self inaudibly; to take in the sense of, as of language, by interpreting the characters with which it is expressed; to peruse; as, to read a discourse; to read the letters of an alphabet; to read figures; to read the notes of music, or to read music; to read a book.

Redeth [read ye] the great poet of Itaille. Chaucer.
Well could he rede a lesson or a story. Chaucer.

5. Hence, to know fully; to comprehend.

Who is't can read a woman? Shak.

6. To discover or understand by characters, marks, features, etc.; to learn by observation.

An armed corse did lie, In whose dead face he read great magnanimity. Spenser.
Those about her From her shall read the perfect ways of honor. Shak.

7. To make a special study of, as by perusing textbooks; as, to read theology or law. To read one's self in, to read about the Thirty-nine Articles and the Declaration of Assent, -- required of a clergyman of the Church of England when he first officiates in a new benefice.

Read

Read, v. t.

1. To give advice or counsel. [Obs.]

2. To tell; to declare. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. To perform the act of reading; to peruse, or to go over and utter aloud, the words of a book or other like document.

So they read in the book of the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense. Neh. viii. 8.

4. To study by reading; as, he read for the bar.

5. To learn by reading.

I have read of an Eastern king who put a judge to death for an iniquitous sentence. Swift.

6. To appear in writing or print; to be expressed by, or consist of, certain words or characters; as, the passage reads thus in the early manuscripts.

7. To produce a certain effect when read; as, that sentence reads queerly. To read between the lines, to infer something different from what is plainly indicated; to detect the real meaning as distinguished from the apparent meaning.

Read

Read, n. [AS. r&aemac;d counsel, fr. r&aemac;dan to counsel. See Read, v. t.]

1. Saying; sentence; maxim; hence, word; advice; counsel. See Rede. [Obs.]

2. [Read, v.] Reading. [Colloq.] Hume.

One newswoman here lets magazines for a penny a read. Furnivall.

Read

Read (?), imp. & p. p. of Read, v. t. & i.

Read

Read (?), a. Instructed or knowing by reading; versed in books; learned.
A poet . . . well read in Longinus. Addison.

Readable

Read"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be read; legible; fit or suitable to be read; worth reading; interesting. -- Read"a*ble*ness, n. -- Read"a*bly, adv,.

Readability

Read`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state of being readable; readableness.

Readdress

Re`ad*dress" (?), v. t. To address a second time; -- often used reflexively.
He readdressed himself to her. Boyle.

Readept

Re`a*dept (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + L. adeptus. p. p. of adipisci to obtain.] To regain; to recover. [Obs.]

Readeption

Re`a*dep"tion (?), n. A regaining; recovery of something lost. [Obs.] Bacon.

Reader

Read"er (?), n. [AS. r&aemac;dere.]

1. One who reads. Specifically: (a) One whose distinctive office is to read prayers in a church. (b) (University of Oxford, Eng.) One who reads lectures on scientific subjects. Lyell. (c) A proof reader. (d) One who reads manuscripts offered for publication and advises regarding their merit.

2. One who reads much; one who is studious.

3. A book containing a selection of extracts for exercises in reading; an elementary book for practice in a language; a reading book.

Readership

Read"er*ship, n. The office of reader. Lyell.

Readily

Read"i*ly (?), adv.

1. In a ready manner; quickly; promptly. Chaucer.

2. Without delay or objection; without reluctance; willingly; cheerfully.

How readily we wish time spent revoked! Cowper.

Readiness

Read"i*ness, n. The state or quality of being ready; preparation; promptness; aptitude; willingness.
They received the word with all readiness of mind. Acts xvii. 11.
Syn. -- Facility; quickness; expedition; promptitude; promptness; aptitude; aptness; knack; skill; expertness; dexterity; ease; cheerfulness. See Facility.

Reading

Read"ing (?), n.

1. The act of one who reads; perusal; also, printed or written matter to be read.

2. Study of books; literary scholarship; as, a man of extensive reading.

3. A lecture or prelection; public recital.

The Jews had their weekly readings of the law. Hooker.

4. The way in which anything reads; force of a word or passage presented by a documentary authority; lection; version.

5. Manner of reciting, or acting a part, on the stage; way of rendering. [Cant]

6. An observation read from the scale of a graduated instrument; as, the reading of a barometer. Reading of a bill (Legislation), its normal recital, by the proper officer, before the House which is to consider it.

Reading

Read"ing, a.

1. Of or pertaining to the act of reading; used in reading.

2. Addicted to reading; as, a reading community. Reading book, a book for teaching reading; a reader. -- Reading desk, a desk to support a book while reading; esp., a desk used while reading the service in a church. -- Reading glass, a large lens with more or less magnifying power, attached to a handle, and used in reading, etc. -- Reading man, one who reads much; hence, in the English universities, a close, industrious student. -- Reading room, a room appropriated to reading; a room provided with papers, periodicals, and the like, to which persons resort.

Readjourn

Re`ad*journ" (?), v. t. To adjourn a second time; to adjourn again.

Readjournment

Re`ad*journ"ment (?), n. The act of readjourning; a second or repeated adjournment.

Readjust

Re`ad*just" (?), v. t. To adjust or settle again; to put in a different order or relation; to rearrange.

Readjuster

Re`ad*just"er (?), n. One who, or that which, readjusts; in some of the States of the United States, one who advocates a refunding, and sometimes a partial repudiation, of the State debt without the consent of the State's creditors.

Readjustment

Re`ad*just"ment (?), n. A second adjustment; a new or different adjustment.

Readmission

Re`ad*mis"sion (?), n. The act of admitting again, or the state of being readmitted; as, the readmission fresh air into an exhausted receiver; the readmission of a student into a seminary.

Readmit

Re`ad*mit" (?), v. t. To admit again; to give entrance or access to again.
Whose ear is ever open, and his eye Gracious to readmit the suppliant. Milton.

Readmittance

Re`ad*mit"tance (?), n. Allowance to enter again; a second admission.

Readopt

Re`a*dopt" (?), v. t. To adopt again. Young.

Readorn

Re`a*dorn" (?), v. t. To adorn again or anew.

Readvance

Re`ad*vance" (?), v. i. To advance again.

Readvertency

Re`ad*vert"en*cy (?), n. The act of adverting to again, or of reviewing. [R.] Norris.

Ready

Read"y (?), a. [Compar. Readier (?); superl. Readiest.] [AS. r&aemac;de; akin to D. gereed, bereid, G. bereit, Goth. gar\'a0ids fixed, arranged, and possibly to E. ride, as meaning originally, prepared for riding. Cf. Array, 1st Curry.]

1. Prepared for what one is about to do or experience; equipped or supplied with what is needed for some act or event; prepared for immediate movement or action; as, the troops are ready to march; ready for the journey. "When she redy was." Chaucer.

2. Fitted or arranged for immediate use; causing no delay for lack of being prepared or furnished. "Dinner was ready." Fielding.

My oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage. Matt. xxii. 4.

3. Prepared in mind or disposition; not reluctant; willing; free; inclined; disposed.

I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem, for the name of the Lord Jesus. Acts xxi. 13.
If need be, I am ready to forego And quit. Milton.

4. Not slow or hesitating; quick in action or perception of any kind; dexterous; prompt; easy; expert; as, a ready apprehension; ready wit; a ready writer or workman. "Ready in devising expedients." Macaulay.

Gurth, whose temper was ready, through surly. Sir W. Scott.

5. Offering itself at once; at hand; opportune; convenient; near; easy. "The readiest way." Milton.

A sapling pine he wrenched from out the ground, The readiest weapon that his fury found. Dryden.

6. On the point; about; on the brink; near; -- with a following infinitive.

My heart is ready to crack. Shak.

7. (Mil.) A word of command, or a position, in the manual of arms, at which the piece is cocked and held in position to execute promptly the next command, which is, aim. All ready, ready in every particular; wholly equipped or prepared. "[I] am all redy at your hest." Chaucer. -- Ready money, means of immediate payment; cash. "'Tis all the ready money fate can give." Cowley. -- Ready reckoner, a book of tables for facilitating computations, as of interest, prices, etc. -- To make ready, to make preparation; to get in readiness. Syn. -- Prompt; expeditious; speedy; unhesitating; dexterous; apt; skilful; handy; expert; facile; easy; opportune; fitted; prepared; disposed; willing; free; cheerful. See Prompt.

Ready

Read"y (?), adv. In a state of preparation for immediate action; so as to need no delay.
We ourselves will go ready armed. Num. xxxii. 17.

Ready

Read"y, n. Ready money; cash; -- commonly with the; as, he was supplied with the ready. [Slang]
Lord Strut was not flush in ready, either to go to law, or to clear old debts. Arbuthnot.

Ready

Read"y, v. t. To dispose in order. [Obs.] Heywood.

Ready-made

Read"y-made` (?), a. Made already, or beforehand, in anticipation of need; not made to order; as, ready-made clothing; ready-made jokes.

Ready-witted

Read"y-wit`ted (?), a. Having ready wit.

Reaffirm

Re`af*firm" (?), v. t. To affirm again.

Reaffirmance, Reaffirmation

Re`af*firm"ance (?), Re*af`fir*ma"tion (?) n. A second affirmation.

Reafforest

Re`af*for"est (?), v. t. To convert again into the forest, as a region of country.

Reafforestation

Re`af*for`es*ta"tion (?), n. The act or process of converting again into a forest.

Reagent

Re*a"gent (?), n. (Chem.) A substance capable of producing with another a reaction, especially when employed to detect the presence of other bodies; a test.

Reaggravation

Re*ag`gra*va"tion (?), n. (R. C. Ch.) The last monitory, published after three admonitions and before the last excommunication.

Reagree

Re`a*gree" (?), v. t. To agree again.

Reak

Reak (?), n. [Wrack seaweed.] A rush. [Obs.] "Feeds on reaks and reeds." Drant.

Reak

Reak, n. [Cf. Icel. hrekkr, or E. wreak vengeance.] A prank. [Obs.] "They play such reaks." Beau & Fl.

Real

Re"al (?), n. [Sp., fr. real royal, L. regalis. See Regal, and cf. Ree a coin.] A small Spanish silver coin; also, a denomination of money of account, formerly the unit of the Spanish monetary system. &hand; A real of plate (coin) varied in value according to the time of its coinage, from 12real vellon
, or money of account, was nearly equal to five cents, or 2

Real

Re*al" (?), a. Royal; regal; kingly. [Obs.] "The blood real of Thebes." Chaucer.

Real

Re"al (?), a. [LL. realis, fr. L. res, rei, a thing: cf. F. r\'82el. Cf. Rebus.]

1. Actually being or existing; not fictitious or imaginary; as, a description of real life.

Whereat I waked, and found Before mine eyes all real, as the dream Had lively shadowed. Milton.

2. True; genuine; not artificial; counterfeit, or factitious; often opposed to ostensible; as, the real reason; real Madeira wine; real ginger.<-- split reason from objects. -->

Whose perfection far excelled Hers in all real dignity. Milton.

5. Relating to things, not to persons. [Obs.]

Many are perfect in men's humors that are not greatly capable of the real part of business. Bacon.

4. (Alg.) Having an assignable arithmetical or numerical value or meaning; not imaginary.

5. (Law) Pertaining to things fixed, permanent, or immovable, as to lands and tenements; as, real property, in distinction from personal or movable property. Chattels real (Law), such chattels as are annexed to, or savor of, the realty, as terms for years of land. See Chattel. -- Real action (Law), an action for the recovery of real property. -- Real assets (Law), lands or real estate in the hands of the heir, chargeable with the debts of the ancestor. -- Real composition (Eccl. Law), an agreement made between the owner of lands and the parson or vicar, with consent of the ordinary, that such lands shall be discharged from payment of tithes, in consequence of other land or recompense given to the parson in lieu and satisfaction thereof. Blackstone. -- Real estate ∨ property, lands, tenements, and hereditaments; freehold interests in landed property; property in houses and land. Kent. Burrill. -- Real presence (R. C. Ch.), the actual presence of the body and blood of Christ in the eucharist, or the conversion of the substance of the bread and wine into the real body and blood of Christ; transubstantiation. In other churches there is a belief in a form of real presence, not however in the sense of transubstantiation. -- Real servitude, called also Predial servitude (Civil Law), a burden imposed upon one estate in favor of another estate of another proprietor. Erskine. Bouvier. Syn. -- Actual; true; genuine; authentic. -- Real, Actual. Real represents a thing to be a substantive existence; as, a real, not imaginary, occurrence. Actual refers to it as acted or performed; and, hence, when we wish to prove a thing real, we often say, "It actually exists," "It has actually been done." Thus its really is shown by its actually. Actual, from this reference to being acted, has recently received a new signification, namely, present; as, the actual posture of affairs; since what is now in action, or going on, has, of course, a present existence. An actual fact; a real sentiment.

For he that but conceives a crime in thought, Contracts the danger of an actual fault. Dryden.
Our simple ideas are all real; all agree to the reality of things. Locke.

Page 1195

Real

Re"al (?), n. A realist. [Obs.] Burton.

Realgar

Re*al"gar (?), n. [F. r\'82algar, Sp. rejalgar, Ar. rahj al gh\'ber powder of the mine.] (Min.) Arsenic sulphide, a mineral of a brilliant red color; red orpiment. It is also an artificial product.

Realism

Re"al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82alisme.]

1. (Philos.) (a) An opposed to nominalism, the doctrine that genera and species are real things or entities, existing independently of our conceptions. According to realism the Universal exists ante rem (Plato), or in re (Aristotle). (b) As opposed to idealism, the doctrine that in sense perception there is an immediate cognition of the external object, and our knowledge of it is not mediate and representative.

2. (Art & Lit.) Fidelity to nature or to real life; representation without idealization, and making no appeal to the imagination; adherence to the actual fact. <-- 3. the practise of assessing facts and the probabilities of the consequences of actions in an objective manner; avoidance of unrealistic or impractical beliefs or efforts. Contrasted to idealism, self-deception, overimaginativeness, or visionariness. -->

Realist

Re"al*ist, n. [Cf. F. r\'82aliste.]

1. (Philos.) One who believes in realism; esp., one who maintains that generals, or the terms used to denote the genera and species of things, represent real existences, and are not mere names, as maintained by the nominalists.

2. (Art. & Lit.) An artist or writer who aims at realism in his work. See Realism, 2. <-- 3. a person who avoids unrealistic or impractical beliefs or efforts. Contrasted to idealist or visionary. -->

Realistic

Re`al*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the realists; in the manner of the realists; characterized by realism rather than by imagination.

Realistically

Re`al*is"tic*al*ly, adv. In the realistic manner.

Reality

Re*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Realities (#). [Cf. F. r\'82alit\'82, LL. realitas. See 3d Real. and cf. 2d Realty.]

1. The state or quality of being real; actual being or existence of anything, in distinction from mere appearance; fact.

A man fancies that he understands a critic, when in reality he does not comprehend his meaning. Addison.

2. That which is real; an actual existence; that which is not imagination, fiction, or pretense; that which has objective existence, and is not merely an idea.

And to realities yield all her shows. Milton.
My neck may be an idea to you, but it is reality to me. Beattie.

3. [See 1st Realty, 2.] Loyalty; devotion. [Obs.]

To express our reality to the emperor. Fuller.

4. (Law) See 2d Realty, 2.

Realizable

Re"al*i`za*ble (?), a. Capable of being realized.

Realization

Re`al*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82alisation.] The act of realizing, or the state of being realized.

Realize

Re"al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Realized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Realizing (?).] [Cf. F. r\'82aliser.]

1. To make real; to convert from the imaginary or fictitious into the actual; to bring into concrete existence; to accomplish; as, to realize a scheme or project.

We realize what Archimedes had only in hypothesis, weighting a single grain against the globe of earth. Glanvill.

2. To cause to seem real; to impress upon the mind as actual; to feel vividly or strongly; to make one's own in apprehension or experience.

Many coincidences . . . soon begin to appear in them [Greek inscriptions] which realize ancient history to us. Jowett.
We can not realize it in thought, that the object . . . had really no being at any past moment. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. To convert into real property; to make real estate of; as, to realize his fortune.

4. To acquire as an actual possession; to obtain as the result of plans and efforts; to gain; to get; as, to realize large profits from a speculation.

Knighthood was not beyond the reach of any man who could by diligent thrift realize a good estate. Macaulay.

5. To convert into actual money; as, to realize assets.

Realize

Re"al*ize, v. t. To convert any kind of property into money, especially property representing investments, as shares in stock companies, bonds, etc.
Wary men took the alarm, and began to realize, a word now first brought into use to express the conversion of ideal property into something real. W. Irving.

Realizer

Re"al*i`zer (?), n. One who realizes. Coleridge.

Realizing

Re"al*i`zing (?), a. Serving to make real, or to impress on the mind as a reality; as, a realizing view of the danger incurred. -- Re"al*i`zing*ly, adv.

Reallege

Re`al*lege" (?), v. t. To allege again. Cotgrave.

Realliance

Re`al*li"ance (?), n. A renewed alliance.

Re-ally

Re"-al*ly" (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + ally, v. t.] To bring together again; to compose or form anew. Spenser.

Really

Re"al*ly` (?), adv. Royally. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Really

Re"al*ly (?), adv. In a real manner; with or in reality; actually; in truth.
Whose anger is really but a short fit of madness. Swift.
&hand; Really is often used familiarly as a slight corroboration of an opinion or a declaration.
Why, really, sixty-five is somewhat old. Young.

Realm

Realm (?), n. [OE. realme, ream, reaume, OF. reialme, roialme, F. royaume, fr. (assumed) LL. regalimen, from L. regalis royal. See Regal.]

1. A royal jurisdiction or domain; a region which is under the dominion of a king; a kingdom.

The absolute master of realms on which the sun perpetually alone. Motley.

2. Hence, in general, province; region; country; domain; department; division; as, the realm of fancy.

Realmless

Realm"less, a. Destitute of a realm. Keats.

Realness

Re"al*ness (?), n. The quality or condition of being real; reality.

Realty

Re"al*ty (?), n. [OF. r\'82alt\'82, LL. regalitas, fr. L. regalis. See Regal.]

1. Royalty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Loyalty; faithfulness. [R.] Milton.

Realty

Re"al*ty, n. [Contr. from 1st Reality.]

1. Realty. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

2. (Law) (a) Immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property; as, chattels which savor of the realty; -- so written in legal language for reality. (b) Real estate; a piece of real property. Blackstone.

Ream

Ream (?), n. [AS. re\'a0m, akin to G. rahm.] Cream; also, the cream or froth on ale. [Scot.]

Ream

Ream, v. i. To cream; to mantle. [Scot.]
A huge pewter measuring pot which, in the language of the hostess, reamed with excellent claret. Sir W. Scott.

Ream

Ream, v. t. [Cf. Reim.] To stretch out; to draw out into thongs, threads, or filaments.

Ream

Ream, n. [OE. reme, OF. rayme, F. rame (cf. Sp. resma), fr. Ar. rizma a bundle, especially of paper.] A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, usually consisting of twenty quires or 480 sheets.<-- now 500 --> Printer's ream, twenty-one and a half quires. [Eng.] A common practice is now to count five hundred sheets to the ream. Knight.

Ream

Ream, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reaming.] [Cf. G. r\'84umen to remove, to clear away, fr. raum room. See Room.] To bevel out, as the mouth of a hole in wood or metal; in modern usage, to enlarge or dress out, as a hole, with a reamer.

Reame

Reame (?), n. Realm. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reamer

Ream"er, n. One who, or that which, reams; specifically, an instrument with cutting or scraping edges, used, with a twisting motion, for enlarging a round hole, as a bore of a cannon, etc.

Reamputation

Re*am`pu*ta"tion (?), n. (Surg.) The second of two amputations performed upon the same member.

Reanimate

Re*an"i*mate (?), v. t. To animate anew; to restore to animation or life; to infuse new life, vigor, spirit, or courage into; to revive; to reinvigorate; as, to reanimate a drowned person; to reanimate disheartened troops; to reanimate languid spirits. Glanvill.

Reanimation

Re*an"i*ma"tion (?), n. The act or operation of reanimating, or the state of being reanimated; reinvigoration; revival.

Reannex

Re`an*nex" (?), v. t. To annex again or anew; to reunite. "To reannex that duchy." Bacon.

Reannexation

Re*an`nex*a"tion (?), n. Act of reannexing.

Reanswer

Re*an"swer (?), v. t. & i. To answer in return; to repay; to compensate; to make amends for.
Which in weight to reanswer, his pettiness would bow under. Shak.

Reap

Reap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Raped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reaping.] [OE. repen, AS. r\'c6pan to seize, reap; cf. D. rapen to glean, reap, G. raufen to pluck, Goth. raupjan, or E. ripe.]

1. To cut with a sickle, scythe, or reaping machine, as grain; to gather, as a harvest, by cutting.

When ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field. Lev.

2. To gather; to obtain; to receive as a reward or harvest, or as the fruit of labor or of works; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to reap a benefit from exertions.

Why do I humble thus myself, and, suing For peace, reap nothing but repulse and hate? Milton.

3. To clear or a crop by reaping; as, to reap a field.

4. To deprive of the beard; to shave. [R.] Shak. Reaping hook, an instrument having a hook-shaped blade, used in reaping; a sickle; -- in a specific sense, distinguished from a sickle by a blade keen instead of serrated.

Reap

Reap, v. i. To perform the act or operation of reaping; to gather a harvest.
They that sow in tears shall reap in joy. Ps. cxxvi. 5.

Reap

Reap, n. [Cf. AS. r\'c6p harvest. See Reap, v.] A bundle of grain; a handful of grain laid down by the reaper as it is cut. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Wright.

Reaper

Reap"er, n.

1. One who reaps.

The sun-burned reapers wiping their foreheads. Macaulay.

2. A reaping machine.

Reapparel

Re`ap*par"el (?), v. t. To clothe again.

Reappear

Re`ap*pear (?), v. i. To appear again.

Reappearance

Re`ap*pear"ance (?), v. i. A second or new appearance; the act or state of appearing again.

Reapplication

Re*ap`pli*ca"tion (?), n. The act of reapplying, or the state of being reapplied.

Reapply

Re`ap*ply" (?), v. t. & i. To apply again.

Reappoint

Re`ap*point" (?), v. t. To appoint again.

Reappointment

Re`ap*point"ment (?), n. The act of reappointing, or the state of being reappointed.

Reapportion

Re`ap*por"tion (?), v. t. To apportion again.

Reapportionment

Re`ap*por"tion*ment (?), n. A second or a new apportionment.

Reapproach

Re`ap*proach" (?), v. i. & t. To approach again or anew.

Rear

Rear (?), adv. Early; soon. [Prov. Eng.]
Then why does Cuddy leave his cot so rear! Gay.

Rear

Rear, n. [OF. riere behind, backward, fr. L. retro. Cf. Arrear.]

1. The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last on order; -- opposed to front.

Nipped with the lagging rear of winter's frost. Milton.

2. Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.

When the fierce foe hung on our broken rear. Milton.

Rear

Rear, a. Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost; as, the rear rank of a company. Rear admiral, an officer in the navy, next in rank below a vice admiral, and above a commodore. See Admiral. -- Rear front (Mil.), the rear rank of a body of troops when faced about and standing in that position. -- Rear guard (Mil.), the division of an army that marches in the rear of the main body to protect it; -- used also figuratively. -- Rear line (Mil.), the line in the rear of an army. -- Rear rank (Mil.), the rank or line of a body of troops which is in the rear, or last in order. -- Rear sight (Firearms), the sight nearest the breech. -- To bring up the rear, to come last or behind.

Rear

Rear (?), v. t. To place in the rear; to secure the rear of. [R.]

Rear

Rear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rearing.] [AS. r&aemac;ran to raise, rear, elevate, for r&aemac;san, causative of r\'c6san to rise. See Rise, and cf. Raise.]

1. To raise; to lift up; to cause to rise, become erect, etc.; to elevate; as, to rear a monolith.

In adoration at his feet I fell Submiss; he reared me. Milton.
It reareth our hearts from vain thoughts. Barrow.
Mine [shall be] the first hand to rear her banner. Ld. Lytton.

2. To erect by building; to set up; to construct; as, to rear defenses or houses; to rear one government on the ruins of another.

One reared a font of stone. Tennyson.

3. To lift and take up. [Obs. or R.]

And having her from Trompart lightly reared, Upon his set the lovely load. Spenser.

4. To bring up to maturity, as young; to educate; to instruct; to foster; as, to rear offspring.

He wants a father to protect his youth, And rear him up to virtue. Southern.

5. To breed and raise; as, to rear cattle.

6. To rouse; to strip up. [Obs.]

And seeks the tusky boar to rear. Dryden.
Syn. -- To lift; elevate; erect; raise, build; establish. See the Note under Raise, 3 (c).

Rear

Rear, v. i. To rise up on the hind legs, as a horse; to become erect. Rearing bit, a bit designed to prevent a horse from lifting his head when rearing. Knight.

Reardorse, Reardoss

Rear"dorse (?), Rear"doss (?), n. A reredos.

Rearer

Rear"er (?), n. One he, or that which, rears.

Reargue

Re*ar"gue (?), v. t. To argue anew or again.

Reargument

Re*ar"gu*ment (?), n. An arguing over again, as of a motion made in court.

Rear-horse

Rear"-horse` (?), n. [So called because it rears up when disturbed.] (Zo\'94l.) A mantis.

Rearly

Rear"ly, adv. Early. [Obs.] Beau. & Ft.

Rearmost

Rear"most` (?), a. Farthest in the rear; last.

Rearmouse, Reremouse

Rear"mouse`, Rere"mouse` (?), n. [AS. hr&emac;rem&umac;s; probably fr. hr&emac;ran to agitate, stir (akin to G. r\'81hren, Icel. hr\'91ra) + m&umac;s mouse.] (Zo\'94l.) The leather-winged bat (Vespertilio murinus). [Written also reermouse.]

Rearrange

Re`ar*range" (?), v. t. To arrange again; to arrange in a different way.

Rearrangement

Re`ar*range"ment (?), n. The act of rearranging, or the state of being rearranged.

Rearward

Rear"ward`, n. [Rear + ward.] The last troop; the rear of an army; a rear guard. Also used figuratively. Shak.

Rearward

Rear"ward (?), a. & adv. At or toward the rear.

Reascend

Re`as*cend" (?), v. i. To rise, mount, or climb again.

Reascend

Re`as*cend", v. t. To ascend or mount again; to reach by ascending again.
He mounts aloft, and reascends the skies. Addison.

Reascension

Re`as*cen"sion (?), n. The act of reascending; a remounting.

Reascent

Re`as*cent" (?), n. A returning ascent or ascension; acclivity. Cowper.

Reason

Rea"son (?), n. [OE. resoun, F. raison, fr. L. ratio (akin to Goth. rapj number, account, garapjan to count, G. rede speech, reden to speak), fr. reri, ratus, to reckon, believe, think. Cf. Arraign, Rate, Ratio, Ration.]

1. A thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an opinion; a just ground for a conclusion or an action; that which is offered or accepted as an explanation; the efficient cause of an occurrence or a phenomenon; a motive for an action or a determination; proof, more or less decisive, for an opinion or a conclusion; principle; efficient cause; final cause; ground of argument.

I'll give him reasons for it. Shak.
The reason of the motion of the balance in a wheel watch is by the motion of the next wheel. Sir M. Hale.
This reason did the ancient fathers render, why the church was called "catholic." Bp. Pearson.
Virtue and vice are not arbitrary things; but there is a natural and eternal reason for that goodness and virtue, and against vice and wickedness. Tillotson.

2. The faculty of capacity of the human mind by which it is distinguished from the intelligence of the inferior animals; the higher as distinguished from the lower cognitive faculties, sense, imagination, and memory, and in contrast to the feelings and desires. Reason comprises conception, judgment, reasoning, and the intuitional faculty. Specifically, it is the intuitional faculty, or the faculty of first truths, as distinguished from the understanding, which is called the discursive or ratiocinative faculty.

We have no other faculties of perceiving or knowing anything divine or human, but by our five senses and our reason. P. Browne.
In common and popular discourse, reason denotes that power by which we distinguish truth from falsehood, and right from wrong, and by which we are enabled to combine means for the attainment of particular ends. Stewart.
Reason is used sometimes to express the whole of those powers which elevate man above the brutes, and constitute his rational nature, more especially, perhaps, his intellectual powers; sometimes to express the power of deduction or argumentation. Stewart.
By the pure reason I mean the power by which we become possessed of principles. Coleridge.
The sense perceives; the understanding, in its own peculiar operation, conceives; the reason, or rationalized understanding, comprehends. Coleridge.

Page 1196

3. Due exercise of the reasoning faculty; accordance with, or that which is accordant with and ratified by, the mind rightly exercised; right intellectual judgment; clear and fair deductions from true principles; that which is dictated or supported by the common sense of mankind; right conduct; right; propriety; justice.

I was promised, on a time, To have reason for my rhyme. Spenser.
But law in a free nation hath been ever public reason; the enacted reason of a parliament, which he denying to enact, denies to govern us by that which ought to be our law; interposing his own private reason, which to us is no law. Milton.
The most probable way of bringing France to reason would be by the making an attempt on the Spanish West Indies. Addison.

4. (Math.) Ratio; proportion. [Obs.] Barrow. By reason of, by means of; on account of; because of. "Spain is thin sown of people, partly by reason of the sterility of the soil." Bacon. In reason, In all reason, in justice; with rational ground; in a right view.

When anything is proved by as good arguments as a thing of that kind is capable of, we ought not, in reason, to doubt of its existence. Tillotson.
-- It is reason, it is reasonable; it is right. [Obs.]
Yet it were great reason, that those that have children should have greatest care of future times. Bacon.
Syn. -- Motive; argument; ground; consideration; principle; sake; account; object; purpose; design. See Motive, Sense.

Reason

Rea"son (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reasoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reasoning.] [Cf. F. raisonner. See Reason, n.]

1. To exercise the rational faculty; to deduce inferences from premises; to perform the process of deduction or of induction; to ratiocinate; to reach conclusions by a systematic comparison of facts.

2. Hence: To carry on a process of deduction or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to formulate and set forth propositions and the inferences from them; to argue.

Stand still, that I may reason with you, before the Lord, of all the righteous acts of the Lord. 1 Sam. xii. 7.

3. To converse; to compare opinions. Shak.

Reason

Rea"son, v. t.

1. To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I reasoned the matter with my friend.

When they are clearly discovered, well digested, and well reasoned in every part, there is beauty in such a theory. T. Burnet.

2. To support with reasons, as a request. [R.] Shak.

3. To persuade by reasoning or argument; as, to reason one into a belief; to reason one out of his plan.

Men that will not be reasoned into their senses. L'Estrange.

4. To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down; as, to reason down a passion.

5. To find by logical process; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon.

Reasonable

Rea"son*a*ble (?), a. [OE. resonable, F. raisonnable, fr. L. rationabilis. See Reason, n.]

1. Having the faculty of reason; endued with reason; rational; as, a reasonable being.

2. Governed by reason; being under influence of reason; thinking, speaking or acting rationally, or according to the dictates of reason; agreeable to reason; just; rational; as, the measure must satisfy all reasonable men.

By indubitable certainty, I mean that which doth not admit of any reasonable cause of doubting. Bp. Wilkins.
Men have no right to what is not reasonable. Burke.

3. Not excessive or immoderate; within due limits; proper; as, a reasonable demand, amount, price.

Let . . . all things be thought upon That may, with reasonable swiftness, add More feathers to you wings. Shak.
Syn. -- Rational; just; honest; equitable; fair; suitable; moderate; tolerable. See Rational.

Reasonable

Rea"son*a*ble, adv. Reasonable; tolerably. [Obs.]
I have a reasonable good ear in music. Shak.

Reasonableness

Rea"son*a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being reasonable.

Reasonably

Rea"son*a*bly, adv.

1. In a reasonable manner.

2. Moderately; tolerably. "Reasonably perfect in the language." Holder.

Reasoner

Rea"son*er (?), n. One who reasons or argues; as, a fair reasoner; a close reasoner; a logical reasoner.

Reasoning

Rea"son*ing, n.

1. The act or process of adducing a reason or reasons; manner of presenting one's reasons.

2. That which is offered in argument; proofs or reasons when arranged and developed; course of argument.

His reasoning was sufficiently profound. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Argumentation; argument. -- Reasoning, Argumentation. Few words are more interchanged than these; and yet, technically, there is a difference between them. Reasoning is the broader term, including both deduction and induction. Argumentation denotes simply the former, and descends from the whole to some included part; while reasoning embraces also the latter, and ascends from a part to a whole. See Induction. Reasoning is occupied with ideas and their relations; argumentation has to do with the forms of logic. A thesis is set down: you attack, I defend it; you insist, I prove; you distinguish, I destroy your distinctions; my replies balance or overturn your objections. Such is argumentation. It supposes that there are two sides, and that both agree to the same rules. Reasoning, on the other hand, is often a natural process, by which we form, from the general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience.

Reasonist

Rea"son*ist, n. A rationalist. [Obs.]
Such persons are now commonly called "reasonists" and "rationalists," to distinguish them from true reasoners and rational inquirers. Waterland.

Reasonless

Rea"son*less, a.

1. Destitute of reason; as, a reasonless man or mind. Shak.

2. Void of reason; not warranted or supported by reason; unreasonable.

This proffer is absurd and reasonless. Shak.

Reassemblage

Re`as*sem"blage (?), n. Assemblage a second time or again.

Reassemble

Re`as*sem"ble (?), v. t. & i. To assemble again.

Reassert

Re`as*sert" (?), v. t. To assert again or anew; to maintain after an omission to do so.
Let us hope . . . we may have a body of authors who will reassert our claim to respectability in literature. Walsh.

Reassertion

Re`as*ser"tion (?), n. A second or renewed assertion of the same thing.

Reassessment

Re`as*sess"ment (?), n. A renewed or second assessment.

Reassign

Re`as*sign" (?), v. t. To assign back or again; to transfer back what has been assigned.

Reassignment

Re`as*sign"ment (?), n. The act of reassigning.

Reassimilate

Re`as*sim"i*late (?), v. t. & i. To assimilate again. -- Re`as*sim`i*la"tion (#), n.

Reassociate

Re`as*so"ci*ate (?), v. t. & i. To associate again; to bring again into close relatoins.

Reassume

Re`as*sume" (?), v. t. To assume again or anew; to resume. -- Re`as*sump"tion (#), n.

Reassurance

Re`as*sur"ance (?), n.

1. Assurance or confirmation renewed or repeated. Prynne.

2. (Law) Same as Reinsurance.

Reassure

Re`as*sure" (?), v. t.

1. To assure anew; to restore confidence to; to free from fear or terror.

They rose with fear, . . . Till dauntless Pallas reassured the rest. Dryden.

2. To reinsure.

Reassurer

Re`as*sur"er (?), n. One who reassures.

Reasty

Reas"ty (?), a. [Etymol. uncertain.] Rusty and rancid; -- applied to salt meat. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Tusser. -- Reas"ti*ness (#), n. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Reata

Re*a"ta (?), n. [Sp.] A lariat.

Reattach

Re`at*tach (?), v. t. To attach again.<-- the object reattached may have been an integral part which had never been "attached" (trans), e.g., to reattach a severed finger. -->

Reattachment

Re`at*tach"ment (?), n. The act of reattaching; a second attachment.

Reattain

Re`at*tain" (?), v. t. To attain again.

Reattainment

Re`at*tain"ment (?), n. The act of reattaining.

Reattempt

Re`at*tempt" (?), v. t. To attempt again.

Reaume

Re`aume (?), n. Realm. [Obs.] Chaucer.

R\'82aumur

R\'82`au`mur" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Ren\'82 Antoine Ferchault de R\'82aumur; conformed to the scale adopted by R\'82aumur in graduating the thermometer he invented. -- n. A R\'82aumur thermometer or scale. &hand; The R\'82aumur thermometer is so graduated that 0° marks the freezing point and 80° the boiling point of water. Frequently indicated by R. Cf. Centigrade, and Fahrenheit. See Illust. of Thermometer.

Reave

Reave (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reaved (?), Reft (, or Raft ( (obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Reaving.] [AS. re\'a0fian, from re\'a0f spoil, plunder, clothing, re\'a2fan to break (cf. bire\'a2fan to deprive of); akin to G. rauben to rob, Icel. raufa to rob, rj&umac;fa to break, violate, Goth. bir\'a0ubon to despoil, L. rumpere to break; cf. Skr. lup to break. &root;114. Cf. Bereave, Rob, v. t., Robe, Rove, v. t., Rupture.] To take away by violence or by stealth; to snatch away; to rob; to despoil; to bereave. [Archaic]. "To reave his life." Spenser.
He golden apples raft of the dragon. Chaucer.
By privy stratagem my life at home. Chapman.
<-- #sic. Obviously, something left out of this quote. -->
To reave the orphan of his patrimony. Shak.
The heaven caught and reft him of his tongue. Tennyson.

Reaver

Reav"er (?), n. One who reaves. [Archaic]

Reawake

Re`a*wake" (?), v. i. To awake again.

Rebanish

Re*ban"ish (?), v. t. To banish again.

Rebaptism

Re*bap"tism (?), n. A second baptism.

Rebaptisation

Re*bap`ti*sa"tion, n. [Cf. F. rebaptisation.] A second baptism. [Obs.] Hooker.

Rebaptize

Re`bap*tize" (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + baptist: of F. rebaptiser, L. rebaptizare.] To baptize again or a second time.

Rebaptizer

Re`bap*tiz"er (?), n. One who rebaptizes.

Rebarbarize

Re*bar"ba*rize (?), v. t. To reduce again to barbarism. -- Re*bar`ba*ri*za"tion (#), n.
Germany . . . rebarbarized by polemical theology and religious wars. Sir W. Hamilton.

Rebate

Re*bate" (?), v. t. [F. rebattre to beat again; pref re- re- + battre to beat, L. batuere to beat, strike. See Abate.]

1. To beat to obtuseness; to deprive of keenness; to blunt; to turn back the point of, as a lance used for exercise.

But doth rebate and blunt his natural edge. Shak.

2. To deduct from; to make a discount from, as interest due, or customs duties. Blount. <-- 2 (b). To return a portion of a sum paid, as a method of discounting. --> Rebated cross, a cross which has the extremities of the arms bent back at right angles, as in the fylfot.

Rebate

Re*bate", v. i. To abate; to withdraw. [Obs.] Foxe.

Rebate

Re*bate", n.

1. Diminution.

2. (Com.) Deduction; abatement; as, a rebate of interest for immediate payment; a rebate of importation duties. Bouvier. <-- 2 (b). A portion of a sum paid, returned to the purchaser, as a method of discounting. The rebate is sometimes returned by the manufacturer, after the full price is paid to the retailer by the purchaser. -->

Rebate

Re*bate", n. [See Rabbet.]

1. (Arch.) A restangular longitudinal recess or groove, cut in the corner or edge of any body; a rabbet. See Rabbet.

2. A piece of wood hafted into a long stick, and serving to beat out mortar. Elmes.

3. An iron tool sharpened something like a chisel, and used for dressing and polishing wood. Elmes.

4. [Perhaps a different word.] A kind of hard freestone used in making pavements. [R.] Elmes.

Rebate

Re*bate", v. t. To cut a rebate in. See Rabbet, v.

Rebatement

Re*bate"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. rabatement, fr. rabatre to diminish, F. rabatre.] Same as 3d Rebate, v.

Rebato

Re*ba"to (?), n. Same as Rabato. Burton.

Rebec

Re"bec (?), n. [F., fr. It. ribeca, ribeba, fr. Ar. rab\'beb a musical instrument of a round form.]

1. (Mus.) An instrument formerly used which somewhat resembled the violin, having three strings, and being played with a bow. [Written also rebeck.] Milton.

He turn'd his rebec to a mournful note. Drayton.

2. A contemptuous term applied to an old woman. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rebel

Reb"el (?), a. [F. rebelle, fr. L. rebellis. See Rebel, v. t.] Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops.
Whoso be rebel to my judgment. Chaucer.
Convict by flight, and rebel to all law. Milton.

Rebel

Reb"el, n. [F. rebelle.] One who rebels. Syn. -- Revolter; insurgent. -- Rebel, Insurgent. Insurgent marks an early, and rebel a more advanced, stage of opposition to government. The former rises up against his rulers, the latter makes war upon them.

Rebel

Re*bel" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rebelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rebelling.] [F. rebeller, fr. L. rebellare to make war again; pref. re- again + bellare to make war, fr. bellum war. See Bellicose, and cf. Revel to carouse.]

1. To renounce, and resist by force, the authority of the ruler or government to which one owes obedience. See Rebellion.

The murmur and the churl's rebelling. Chaucer.
Ye have builded you an altar, that ye might rebel this day against the Lord. Josh. xxii. 16.

2. To be disobedient to authority; to assume a hostile or insubordinate attitude; to revolt.

Hoe could my hand rebel against my heart? How could you heart rebel against your reason? Dryden.

Rebeldom

Reb"el*dom (?), n. A region infested by rebels; rebels, considered collectively; also, conduct o Thackeray.

Rebeller

Re*bel"ler (?), n. One who rebels; a rebel.

Rebellion

Re*bel"lion (?), n. [F. r\'82bellion, L. rebellio. See Rebel, v. t. Among the Romans rebellion was originally a revolt or open resistance to their government by nations that had been subdued in war. It was a renewed war.]

1. The act of rebelling; open and avowed renunciation of the authority of the government to which one owes obedience, and resistances to its officers and laws, either by levying war, or by aiding others to do so; an organized uprising of subjects for the purpose of coercing or overthrowing their lawful ruler or government by force; revolt; insurrection.

No sooner is the standard of rebellion displayed than men of desperate principles resort to it. Ames.

2. Open resistances to, or defiance of, lawful authority. Commission of rebellion (Eng. Law), a process of contempt on the nonappearance of a defendant, -- non abolished. Wharton. Burrill. Syn. -- Insurrection; sedition; revolt; mutiny; resistances; contumacy. See Insurrection.

Rebellious

Re*bel"lious (?), a. Engaged in rebellion; disposed to rebel of the nature of rebels or of rebellion; resisting government or lawful authority by force. "Thy rebellious crew." "Proud rebellious arms." Milton. -- Re*bel"lious*ly, adv. -- Re*bel"lious*ness, n.

Rebellow

Re*bel"low (?), v. i. To bellow again; to repeat or echo a bellow.
The cave rebellowed, and the temple shook. Dryden.

Rebiting

Re*bit"ing (?), n. (Etching) The act or process of deepening worn lines in an etched plate by submitting it again to the action if acid. Fairholt.

Rebloom

Re*bloom" (?), v. i. To bloom again. Crabbe.

Reblossom

Re*blos"som (?), v. i. To blossom again.

Reboant

Re*bo"ant (?), a. [L. reboans, p. pr. of reboare; pref. re- re- + boare to cry aloud.] Rebellowing; resounding loudly. [R.] Mrs. Browning.

Reboation

Re`bo*a"tion (?), n. Repetition of a bellow. [R.] Bp. Patrick.

Reboil

Re*boil" (?), v. t. & i. [Pref. re- + boil: cf. F. rebouillir.]

1. To boil, or to cause to boil, again.

2. Fig.: To make or to become hot. [Obs.]

Some of his companions thereat reboyleth. Sir T. Elyot.

Reborn

Re*born" (?), p. p. Born again.

Rebound

Re*bound" (?), v. i. [Pref. re- + bound: cf. F. rebondir.]

1. To spring back; to start back; to be sent back or reverberated by elastic force on collision with another body; as, a rebounding echo.

Bodies which are absolutely hard, or so soft as to be void of elasticity, will not rebound from one another. Sir I. Newton.

2. To give back an echo. [R.] T. Warton.

3. To bound again or repeatedly, as a horse. Pope. Rebounding lock (Firearms), one in which the hammer rebounds to half cock after striking the cap or primer.

Rebound

Re*bound", v. t. To send back; to reverberate.
Silenus sung; the vales his voice rebound. Dryden.

Rebound

Re*bound", n. The act of rebounding; resilience.
Flew . . . back, as from a rock, with swift rebound. Dryden.

Rebrace

Re*brace" (?), v. t. To brace again. Gray.

Rebreathe

Re*breathe" (?), v. t. To breathe again.

Rebucous

Re*bu"cous (?), a. Rebuking. [Obs.]
She gave unto him many rebucous words. Fabyan.

Rebuff

Re*buff" (?), n. [It. ribuffo, akin to ribuffare to repulse; pref. ri- (L. re-) + buffo puff. Cf. Buff to strike, Buffet a blow.]

1. Repercussion, or beating back; a quick and sudden resistance.

The strong rebuff of some tumultuous cloud. Milton.

2. Sudden check; unexpected repulse; defeat; refusal; repellence; rejection of solicitation.

Rebuff

Re*buff", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rebuffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rebuffing.] To beat back; to offer sudden resistance to; to check; to repel or repulse violently, harshly, or uncourteously.

Rebuild

Re*build" (?), v. t. To build again, as something which has been demolished; to construct anew; as, to rebuild a house, a wall, a wharf, or a city.

Rebuilder

Re*build"er (?), n. One who rebuilds. Bp. Bull.

Rebukable

Re*buk"a*ble (?), a. Worthy of rebuke or reprehension; reprehensible. Shak.

Rebuke

Re*buke" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rebuked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rebuking.] [OF. rebouquier to dull, blunt, F. reboucher; perhaps fr. pref. re- re- + bouche mouth, OF. also bouque, L. bucca cheek; if so, the original sense was, to stop the mouth of; hence, to stop, obstruct.] To check, silence, or put down, with reproof; to restrain by expression of disapprobation; to reprehend sharply and summarily; to chide; to reprove; to admonish.
The proud he tamed, the penitent he cheered, Nor to rebuke the rich offender feared. Dryden.
Syn. -- To reprove; chide; check; chasten; restrain; silence. See Reprove.
Page 1197

Rebuke

Re*buke" (?), n.

1. A direct and pointed reproof; a reprimand; also, chastisement; punishment.

For thy sake I have suffered rebuke. Jer. xv. 15.
Why bear you these rebukes and answer not? Shak.

2. Check; rebuff. [Obs.] L'Estrange. To be without rebuke, to live without giving cause of reproof or censure; to be blameless.

Rebukeful

Re*buke"ful (?), a. Containing rebuke; of the nature of rebuke. [Obs.] -- Re*buke"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.]

Rebuker

Re*buk"er (?), n. One who rebukes.

Rebukingly

Re*buk"ing*ly, adv. By way of rebuke.

Rebullition

Re`bul*li"tion (?), n. The act of boiling up or effervescing. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.

Rebury

Re*bur"y (?), v. t. To bury again. Ashmole.

Rebus

Re"bus (?), n.; pl. Rebuses (#). [L. rebus by things, abl. pl. of res a thing: cf. F. r\'82bus. Cf. 3d things, abl. pl. of res a thing: cf. F. r\'82bus. Cf. 3d Real.]

1. A mode of expressing words and phrases by pictures of objects whose names resemble those words, or the syllables of which they are composed; enigmatical representation of words by figures; hence, a peculiar form of riddle made up of such representations. &hand; A gallant, in love with a woman named Rose Hill, had, embroidered on his gown, a rose, a hill, an eye, a loaf, and a well, signifying, Rose Hill I love well.

2. (Her.) A pictorial suggestion on a coat of arms of the name of the person to whom it belongs. See Canting arms, under Canting.

Rebus

Re"bus, v. t. To mark or indicate by a rebus.
He [John Morton] had a fair library rebused with More in text and Tun under it. Fuller.

Rebut

Re*but" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rebutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rebutting.] [OF. reb to repulse, drive back; pref. re- + bouter to push, thrust. See 1st Butt, Boutade.]

1. To drive or beat back; to repulse.

Who him, recount'ring fierce, as hawk in flight, Perforce rebutted back. Spenser.

2. (Law) To contradict, meet, or oppose by argument, plea, or countervailing proof. Abbott.

Rebut

Re*but", v. i.

1. To retire; to recoil. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. (Law) To make, or put in, an answer, as to a plaintiff's surrejoinder.

The plaintiff may answer the rejoinder by a surrejoinder; on which the defendant. Blackstone.

Rebuttable

Re*but"ta*ble (?), a. Capable of being rebutted.

Rebuttal

Re*but"tal (?), n. (Law) The giving of evidence on the part of a plaintiff to destroy the effect of evidence introduced by the defendant in the same suit.

Rebutter

Re*but"ter (?), n. (Law) The answer of a defendant in matter of fact to a plaintiff's surrejoinder.

Recadency

Re*ca"den*cy (?), n. A falling back or descending a second time; a relapse. W. Montagu.

Recalcitrant

Re*cal"ci*trant (?), a. [L. recalcitrans, p. pr. of recalcitrare to kick back; pref. re- re- + calcitrare to kick, fr. calx heel. Cf. Inculcate.] Kicking back; recalcitrating; hence, showing repugnance or opposition; refractory.

Recalcitrate

Re*cal"ci*trate (?), v. t. To kick against; to show repugnance to; to rebuff.
The more heartily did one disdain his disdain, and recalcitrate his tricks. De Quincey.

Recalcitrate

Re*cal"ci*trate, v. i. To kick back; to kick against anything; hence, to express repugnance or opposition.

Recalcitration

Re*cal`ci*tra"tion (?), n. A kicking back again; opposition; repugnance; refractoriness.

Recall

Re*call" (?), v. t.

1. To call back; to summon to return; as, to recall troops; to recall an ambassador.

2. To revoke; to annul by a subsequent act; to take back; to withdraw; as, to recall words, or a decree.

Passed sentence may not be recall'd. Shak.

3. To call back to mind; to revive in memory; to recollect; to remember; as, to recall bygone days.

Recall

Re*call", n.

1. A calling back; a revocation.

'T his done, and since 't is done, 't is past recall. Dryden.

2. (Mil.) A call on the trumpet, bugle, or drum, by which soldiers are recalled from duty, labor, etc. Wilhelm.

Recallable

Re*call"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being recalled.

Recallment

Re*call"ment (?), n. Recall. [R.] R. Browning.

Recant

Re*cant" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Recanting.] [L. recantare, recantatum, to recall, recant; pref. re- re- + cantare to sing, to sound. See 3d Cant, Chant.] To withdraw or repudiate formally and publicly (opinions formerly expressed); to contradict, as a former declaration; to take back openly; to retract; to recall.
How soon . . . ease would recant Vows made in pain, as violent and void! Milton.
Syn. -- To retract; recall; revoke; abjure; disown; disavow. See Renounce.

Recant

Re*cant", v. i. To revoke a declaration or proposition; to unsay what has been said; to retract; as, convince me that I am wrong, and I will recant. Dryden.

Recantation

Re`can*ta"tion (?), n. The act of recanting; a declaration that contradicts a former one; that which is thus asserted in contradiction; retraction.
The poor man was imprisoned for this discovery, and forced to make a public recantation. Bp. Stillingfleet.

Recanter

Re*cant"er (?), n. One who recants.

Recapacitate

Re`ca*pac"i*tate (?), v. t. To qualify again; to confer capacity on again. Atterbury.

Recapitulate

Re*ca*pit"u*late (?), v. t. [L. recapitulare, recapitulatum; pref. re- re- + capitulum a small head, chapter, section. See Capitulate.] To repeat, as the principal points in a discourse, argument, or essay; to give a summary of the principal facts, points, or arguments of; to relate in brief; to summarize.

Recapitulate

Re`ca*pit"u*late (?), v. i. To sum up, or enumerate by heads or topics, what has been previously said; to repeat briefly the substance.

Recapitulation

Re`ca*pit`u*la"tion (?), n. [LL. recapitulatio: cf. F. recapitulation.] The act of recapitulating; a summary, or concise statement or enumeration, of the principal points, facts, or statements, in a preceding discourse, argument, or essay.

Recapitulator

Re`ca*pit"u*la`tor (?), n. One who recapitulates.

Recapitulatory

Re`ca*pit"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Of the nature of a recapitulation; containing recapitulation.

Recapper

Re*cap"per (?), n. (Firearms) A tool used for applying a fresh percussion cap or primer to a cartridge shell in reloading it.

Recaption

Re*cap"tion (?), n. (Law) The act of retaking, as of one who has escaped after arrest; reprisal; the retaking of one's own goods, chattels, wife, or children, without force or violence, from one who has taken them and who wrongfully detains them. Blackstone. Writ of recaption (Law), a writ to recover damages for him whose goods, being distrained for rent or service, are distrained again for the same cause.Wharton.

Recaptor

Re*cap"tor (?), n. One who recaptures; one who takes a prize which had been previously taken.

Recapture

Re*cap"ture (?; 135), n.

1. The act of retaking or recovering by capture; especially, the retaking of a prize or goods from a captor.

2. That which is captured back; a prize retaken.

Recapture

Re*cap"ture, v. t. To capture again; to retake.

Recarbonize

Re*car"bon*ize (?), v. t. (Metal.) To restore carbon to; as, to recarbonize iron in converting it into steel.

Recarnify

Re*car"ni*fy (?), v. t. To convert again into flesh. [Obs.] Howell.

Recarriage

Re*car"riage (?), n. Act of carrying back.

Recarry

Re*car"ry (?), v. t. To carry back. Walton.

Recast

Re*cast" (?), v. t.

1. To throw again. Florio.

2. To mold anew; to cast anew; to throw into a new from a shape; to reconstruct; as, to recast cannon; to recast an argument or a play.

3. To compute, or cast up, a second time.

Recche

Rec"che (?), v. i. To reck. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reccheles

Rec"che*les (?), a. Reckless. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Recede

Re*cede" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Receded; p. pr. & vb. n. Receding.] [L. recedere, recessum; pref. re- re- + cedere to go, to go along: cf. F. rec\'82der. See Cede.]

1. To move back; to retreat; to withdraw.

Like the hollow roar Of tides receding from the instituted shore. Dryden.
All bodies moved circularly endeavor to recede from the center. Bentley.

2. To withdraw a claim or pretension; to desist; to relinquish what had been proposed or asserted; as, to recede from a demand or proposition. Syn. -- To retire; retreat; return; retrograde; withdraw; desist.

Recede

Re*cede" (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + cede. Cf. Recede, v. t.] To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former possessor; as, to recede conquered territory.

Receipt

Re*ceipt" (?), n. [OE. receite, OF. recete, recepte, F. recette, fr. L. recipere, receptum, to receive. See Receive.]

1. The act of receiving; reception. "At the receipt of your letter." Shak.

2. Reception, as an act of hospitality. [Obs.]

Thy kind receipt of me. Chapman.

3. Capability of receiving; capacity. [Obs.]

It has become a place of great receipt. Evelyn.

4. Place of receiving. [Obs.]

He saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the receipt of custom. Matt. ix. 9.

5. Hence, a recess; a retired place. [Obs.] "In a retired receipt together lay." Chapman.

6. A formulary according to the directions of which things are to be taken or combined; a recipe; as, a receipt for making sponge cake.

She had a receipt to make white hair black. Sir T. Browne.

7. A writing acknowledging the taking or receiving of goods delivered; an acknowledgment of money paid.

8. That which is received; that which comes in, in distinction from what is expended, paid out, sent away, and the like; -- usually in the plural; as, the receipts amounted to a thousand dollars. Cross receipts. See under Gross, a.

Receipt

Re*ceipt", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Receipted; p. pr. & vb. n. Receipting.]

1. To give a receipt for; as, to receipt goods delivered by a sheriff.

2. To put a receipt on, as by writing or stamping; as, to receipt a bill.

Receipt

Re*ceipt", v. i. To give a receipt, as for money paid.

Receiptment

Re*ceipt"ment (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) The receiving or harboring a felon knowingly, after the commission of a felony. Burrill.

Receiptor

Re*ceipt"or (?), n. One who receipts; specifically (Law), one who receipts for property which has been taken by the sheriff.

Receit

Re*ceit" (?), n. Receipt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Receivability

Re*ceiv`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being receivable; receivableness.

Receivable

Re*ceiv"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. recevable.] Capable of being received. -- Re*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n. Bills receivable. See under 6th Bill.

Receive

Re*ceive" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Received (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Receiving.] [OF. receiver, recevoir, F. recevoir, fr. L. recipere; pref. re- re- + capere to take, seize. See See Capable, Heave, and cf. Receipt, Reception, Recipe.]

1. To take, as something that is offered, given, committed, sent, paid, or the like; to accept; as, to receive money offered in payment of a debt; to receive a gift, a message, or a letter.

Receyven all in gree that God us sent. Chaucer.

2. Hence: To gain the knowledge of; to take into the mind by assent to; to give admission to; to accept, as an opinion, notion, etc.; to embrace.

Our hearts receive your warnings. Shak.
The idea of solidity we receives by our touch. Locke.

3. To allow, as a custom, tradition, or the like; to give credence or acceptance to.

Many other things there be which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots. Mark vii. 4.

4. To give admittance to; to permit to enter, as into one's house, presence, company, and the like; as, to receive a lodger, visitor, ambassador, messenger, etc.

They kindled a fire, and received us every one. Acts xxviii. 2.

5. To admit; to take in; to hold; to contain; to have capacity fro; to be able to take in.

The brazen altar that was before the Lord was too little to receive the burnt offerings. 1 Kings viii. 64.

6. To be affected by something; to suffer; to be subjected to; as, to receive pleasure or pain; to receive a wound or a blow; to receive damage.

Against his will he can receive no harm. Milton.

7. To take from a thief, as goods known to be stolen.

8. (Lawn Tennis) To bat back (the ball) when served. Receiving ship, one on board of which newly recruited sailors are received, and kept till drafted for service. Syn. -- To accept; take; allow; hold; retain; admit. -- Receive, Accept. To receive describes simply the act of taking. To accept denotes the taking with approval, or for the purposes for which a thing is offered. Thus, we receive a letter when it comes to hand; we receive news when it reaches us; we accept a present when it is offered; we accept an invitation to dine with a friend.

Who, if we knew What we receive, would either not accept Life offered, or soon beg to lay it down. Milton.

Receive

Re*ceive" (?), v. i.

1. To receive visitors; to be at home to receive calls; as, she receives on Tuesdays.

2. (Lawn Tennis) To return, or bat back, the ball when served; as, it is your turn to receive.

Receivedness

Re*ceiv"ed*ness, n. The state or quality of being received, accepted, or current; as, the receivedness of an opinion. Boyle.

Receiver

Re*ceiv"er (?), n. [Cf. F. receveur.]

1. One who takes or receives in any manner.

2. (Law) A person appointed, ordinarily by a court, to receive, and hold in trust, money or other property which is the subject of litigation, pending the suit; a person appointed to take charge of the estate and effects of a corporation, and to do other acts necessary to winding up its affairs, in certain cases. Bouvier.

3. One who takes or buys stolen goods from a thief, knowing them to be stolen. Blackstone.

4. (Chem.) (a) A vessel connected with an alembic, a retort, or the like, for receiving and condensing the product of distillation. (b) A vessel for receiving and containing gases.

5. (Pneumatics) The glass vessel in which the vacuum is produced, and the objects of experiment are put, in experiments with an air pump. Cf. Bell jar, and see Illust. of Air pump.

6. (Steam Engine) (a) A vessel for receiving the exhaust steam from the high-pressure cylinder before it enters the low-pressure cylinder, in a compound engine. (b) A capacious vessel for receiving steam from a distant boiler, and supplying it dry to an engine.

7. That portion of a telephonic apparatus, or similar system, at which the message is received and made audible; -- opposed to transmitter. Exhausted receiver (Physics), a receiver, as that used with the air pump, from which the air has been withdrawn; a vessel the interior of which is a more or less complete vacuum.

Receivership

Re*ceiv"er*ship, n. The state or office of a receiver.

Recelebrate

Re*cel"e*brate (?), v. t. To celebrate again, or anew. -- Re*cel`e*bra"tion (#), n.

Recency

Re"cen*cy (?), n. [LL. recentia, fr. L. recens. See Recent.] The state or quality of being recent; newness; new state; late origin; lateness in time; freshness; as, the recency of a transaction, of a wound, etc.

Recense

Re*cense" (?), v. t. [L. recensere; pref. re- again + censere to value, estimate: cf. F. recenser.] To review; to revise. [R.] Bentley.

Recension

Re*cen"sion (?), n. [L. recensio: cf. F. recension.]

1. The act of reviewing or revising; review; examination; enumeration. Barrow.

2. Specifically, the review of a text (as of an ancient author) by an editor; critical revisal and establishment.

3. The result of such a work; a text established by critical revision; an edited version.

Recensionist

Re*cen"sion*ist, n. One who makes recensions; specifically, a critical editor.

Recent

Re"cent (?), a. [L. recens, -entis: cf. F. r\'82cent.]

1. Of late origin, existence, or occurrence; lately come; not of remote date, antiquated style, or the like; not already known, familiar, worn out, trite, etc.; fresh; novel; new; modern; as, recent news.

The ancients were of opinion, that a considerable portion of that country [Egypt] was recent, and formed out of the mud discharged into the neighboring sea by the Nile. Woodward.

2. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the present or existing epoch; as, recent shells.

Recenter

Re*cen"ter (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + center.] To center again; to restore to the center. Coleridge.

Recently

Re"cent*ly (?), adv. Newly; lately; freshly; not long since; as, advices recently received.

Recentness

Re"cent*ness, n. Quality or state of being recent.

Receptacle

Re*cep"ta*cle (?), n. [F. r\'82ceptacle, L. receptaculum, fr. receptare, v. intens. fr. recipere to receive. See Receive.]

1. That which serves, or is used, fro receiving and containing something, as a basket, a vase, a bag, a reservoir; a repository.

O sacred receptacle of my joys! Shak.

2. (Bot.) (a) The apex of the flower stalk, from which the organs of the flower grow, or into which they are inserted. See Illust. of Flower, and Ovary. (b) The dilated apex of a pedicel which serves as a common support to a head of flowers. (c) An intercellular cavity containing oil or resin or other matters. (d) A special branch which bears the fructification in many cryptogamous plants.


Page 1198

Receptacular

Rec`ep*tac"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82ceptaculaire.] (Bot.) Pertaining to the receptacle, or growing on it; as, the receptacular chaff or scales in the sunflower.

Receptaculum

Rec`ep*tac"u*lum (?), n.; pl. Receptacula (#). [L.] (Anat.) A receptacle; as, the receptaculum of the chyle.

Receptary

Rec"ep*ta*ry (?), a. Generally or popularly admitted or received. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Receptary

Rec"ep*ta*ry, n. That which is received. [Obs.] "Receptaries of philosophy." Sir T. Browne.

Receptibility

Re*cep`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n.

1. The quality or state of being receptible; receivableness.

2. A receptible thing. [R.] Glanvill.

Receptible

Re*cep"ti*ble (?), a. [L. receptibilis.] Such as may be received; receivable.

Reception

Re*cep"tion (?), n. [F. r\'82ception, L. receptio, fr. recipere, receptum. See Receive.]

1. The act of receiving; receipt; admission; as, the reception of food into the stomach; the reception of a letter; the reception of sensation or ideas; reception of evidence.

2. The state of being received.

3. The act or manner of receiving, esp. of receiving visitors; entertainment; hence, an occasion or ceremony of receiving guests; as, a hearty reception; an elaborate reception.

What reception a poem may find. Goldsmith.

4. Acceptance, as of an opinion or doctrine.

Philosophers who have quitted the popular doctrines of their countries have fallen into as extravagant opinions as even common reception countenanced. Locke.

5. A retaking; a recovery. [Obs.] Bacon.

Receptive

Re*cep"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82ceptif. See Receive.] Having the quality of receiving; able or inclined to take in, absorb, hold, or contain; receiving or containing; as, a receptive mind.
Imaginary space is receptive of all bodies. Glanvill.

Receptiveness

Re*cep"tive*ness, n. The quality of being receptive.

Receptivity

Rec`ep*tiv"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82ceptivit\'82.]

1. The state or quality of being receptive.

2. (Kantian Philos.) The power or capacity of receiving impressions, as those of the external senses.

Receptory

Re*cep"to*ry (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. receptorium a place of shelter.] Receptacle. [Obs.] Holland.

Recess

Re*cess" (?), n. [L. recessus, fr. recedere, recessum. See Recede.]

1. A withdrawing or retiring; a moving back; retreat; as, the recess of the tides.

Every degree of ignorance being so far a recess and degradation from rationality. South.
My recess hath given them confidence that I may be conquered. Eikon Basilike.

2. The state of being withdrawn; seclusion; privacy.

In the recess of the jury they are to consider the evidence. Sir M. Hale.
Good verse recess and solitude requires. Dryden.

3. Remission or suspension of business or procedure; intermission, as of a legislative body, court, or school.

The recess of . . . Parliament lasted six weeks. Macaulay.

4. Part of a room formed by the receding of the wall, as an alcove, niche, etc.

A bed which stood in a deep recess. W. Irving.

5. A place of retirement, retreat, secrecy, or seclusion.

Departure from his happy place, our sweet Recess, and only consolation left. Milton.

6. Secret or abstruse part; as, the difficulties and recesses of science. I. Watts.

7. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) A sinus.

Recess

Re*cess", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recessed; p. pr. & vb. n. Recessing.] To make a recess in; as, to recess a wall.

Recess

Re*cess", n. [G.] A decree of the imperial diet of the old German empire. Brande & C.

Recessed

Re*cessed" (?), a.

1. Having a recess or recesses; as, a recessed arch or wall.

2. Withdrawn; secluded. [R.] "Comfortably recessed from curious impertinents." Miss Edgeworth. Recessed arch (Arch.), one of a series of arches constructed one within another so as to correspond with splayed jambs of a doorway, or the like.

Recession

Re*ces"sion (?), n. [L. recessio, fr. recedere, recessum. See Recede.] The act of receding or withdrawing, as from a place, a claim, or a demand. South.
Mercy may rejoice upon the recessions of justice. Jer. Taylor.

Recession

Re*ces"sion, n. [Pref. re- + cession.] The act of ceding back; restoration; repeated cession; as, the recession of conquered territory to its former sovereign.

Recessional

Re*ces"sion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to recession or withdrawal. Recessional hymn, a hymn sung in a procession returning from the choir to the robing room.

Recessive

Re*ces"sive (?), a. Going back; receding.

Rechabite

Re"chab*ite (?), n. (Jewish Hist.) One of the descendants of Jonadab, the son of Rechab, all of whom by his injunction abstained from the use of intoxicating drinks and even from planting the vine. Jer. xxxv. 2-19. Also, in modern times, a member of a certain society of abstainers from alcoholic liquors.

Rechange

Re*change" (?), v. t. & i. To change again, or change back.

Recharge

Re*charge" (?), v. t. & i. [Pref. re- + charge: cf. F. recharger.]

1. To charge or accuse in return.

2. To attack again; to attack anew. Dryden.

Recharter

Re*char"ter (?), n. A second charter; a renewal of a charter. D. Webster.

Recharter

Re*char"ter, v. t. To charter again or anew; to grant a second or another charter to.

Rechase

Re*chase" (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + chase: cf. F. rechasser.] To chase again; to chase or drive back.

Recheat

Re*cheat" (?), n. [F. requ\'88t\'82, fr. requ\'88ter to hunt anew. See Request.] (Sporting) A strain given on the horn to call back the hounds when they have lost track of the game.

Recheat

Re*cheat", v. i. To blow the recheat. Drayton.

Recherch\'82

Re*cher`ch\'82" (?), a. [F.] Sought out with care; choice. Hence: of rare quality, elegance, or attractiveness; peculiar and refined in kind.

Rechless

Rech"less (?), a. Reckless. [Obs.] P. Plowman.

Rechoose

Re*choose" (?), v. t. To choose again.

Recidivate

Re*cid"i*vate (?), v. i. [LL. recidivare. See Recidivous.] To baskslide; to fall again. [Obs.]

Recidivation

Re*cid`i*va"tion (?), n. [LL. recidivatio.] A falling back; a backsliding. Hammond.

Recidivous

Re*cid"i*vous (?), a. [L. r, fr. recidere to fall back.] Tending or liable to backslide or r

Recipe

Rec"i*pe (?), n.; pl. Recipes (#). [L., imperative of recipere to take back, take in, receive. See Receive.] A formulary or prescription for making some combination, mixture, or preparation of materials; a receipt; especially, a prescription for medicine. <-- now esp. a prescription (set of directions) for preparing food -->

Recipiangle

Re*cip"i*an`gle (?), n. [L. recipere to take + angulus angle.] An instrument with two arms that are pivoted together at one end, and a graduated arc, -- used by military engineers for measuring and laying off angles of fortifications.

Recipience, Recipiency

Re*cip"i*ence (?), Re*cip"i*en*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being recipient; a receiving; reception; receptiveness.

Recipient

Re*cip"i*ent (?), n. [L. recipiens, -entis, receiving, p. pr. of recipere to receive: cf. F. r\'82cipient. See Receive.] A receiver; the person or thing that receives; one to whom, or that to which, anything is given or communicated; specifically, the receiver of a still.

Recipient

Re*cip"i*ent, a. Receiving; receptive.

Reciprocal

Re*cip"ro*cal (?), a. [L. reciprocus; of unknown origin.]

1. Recurring in vicissitude; alternate.

2. Done by each to the other; interchanging or interchanged; given and received; due from each to each; mutual; as, reciprocal love; reciprocal duties.

Let our reciprocal vows be remembered. Shak.

3. Mutually interchangeable.

These two rules will render a definition reciprocal with the thing defined. I. Watts.

4. (Gram.) Reflexive; -- applied to pronouns and verbs, but sometimes limited to such pronouns as express mutual action.

5. (Math.) Used to denote different kinds of mutual relation; often with reference to the substitution of reciprocals for given quantities. See the Phrases below. Reciprocal equation (Math.), one which remains unchanged in form when the reciprocal of the unknown quantity is substituted for that quantity. -- Reciprocal figures (Geom.), two figures of the same kind (as triangles, parallelograms, prisms, etc.), so related that two sides of the one form the extremes of a proportion of which the means are the two corresponding sides of the other; in general, two figures so related that the first corresponds in some special way to the second, and the second corresponds in the same way to the first. -- Reciprocal proportion (Math.), a proportion such that, of four terms taken in order, the first has to the second the same ratio which the fourth has to the third, or the first has to the second the same ratio which the reciprocal of the third has to the reciprocal of the fourth. Thus, 2:5: :20:8 form a reciprocal proportion, because 2:5: :1/20:1/8. -- Reciprocal quantities (Math.), any two quantities which produce unity when multiplied together. -- Reciprocal ratio (Math.), the ratio between the reciprocals of two quantities; as, the reciprocal ratio of 4 to 9 is that of \'ac to 1/9. -- Reciprocal terms (Logic), those terms which have the same signification, and, consequently, are convertible, and may be used for each other. Syn. -- Mutual; alternate. -- Reciprocal, Mutual. The distinctive idea of mutual is, that the parties unite by interchange in the same act; as, a mutual covenant; mutual affection, etc. The distinctive idea of reciprocal is, that one party acts by way of return or response to something previously done by the other party; as, a reciprocal kindness; reciprocal reproaches, etc. Love is reciprocal when the previous affection of one party has drawn forth the attachment of the other. To make it mutual in the strictest sense, the two parties should have fallen in love at the same time; but as the result is the same, the two words are here used interchangeably. The ebbing and flowing of the tide is a case where the action is reciprocal, but not mutual.

Reciprocal

Re*cip"ro*cal, n.

1. That which is reciprocal to another thing.

Corruption is a reciprocal to generation. Bacon.

2. (Arith. & Alg.) The quotient arising from dividing unity by any quantity; thus \'ac is the reciprocal of 4; 1/(a + b) is the reciprocal of a + b. The reciprocal of a fraction is the fraction inverted, or the denominator divided by the numerator.

Reciprocality

Re*cip`ro*cal"i*ty (?), n. The quality or condition of being reciprocal; reciprocalness. [R.]

Reciprocally

Re*cip"ro*cal*ly (?), adv.

1. In a reciprocal manner; so that each affects the other, and is equally affected by it; interchangeably; mutually.

These two particles to reciprocally affect each other with the same force. Bentley.

2. (Math.) In the manner of reciprocals. Reciprocally proportional (Arith. & Alg.), proportional, as two variable quantities, so that the one shall have a constant ratio to the reciprocal of the other.

Reciprocalness

Re*cip"ro*cal*ness (?), n. The quality or condition of being reciprocal; mutual return; alternateness.

Reciprocate

Re*cip"ro*cate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Reciprocated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reciprocating.] [L. reciprocatus, p. p. of reciprocare. See Reciprocal.] To move forward and backward alternately; to recur in vicissitude; to act interchangeably; to alternate.
One brawny smith the puffing bellows plies, And draws and blows reciprocating air. Dryden.
Reciprocating engine, a steam, air, or gas engine, etc., in which the piston moves back and forth; -- in distinction from a rotary engine, in which the piston travels continuously in one direction in a circular path. -- Reciprocating motion (Mech.), motion alternately backward and forward, or up and down, as of a piston rod.

Reciprocate

Re*cip"ro*cate, v. t. To give and return mutually; to make return for; to give in return; to unterchange; to alternate; as, to reciprocate favors. Cowper.

Reciprocation

Re*cip`ro*ca"tion (?), n. [L. reciprocatio: cf. F. reciprocation.]

1. The act of reciprocating; interchange of acts; a mutual giving and returning; as, the reciprocation of kindness.

2. Alternate recurrence or action; as, the reciprocation of the sea in the flow and ebb of tides. Sir T. Browne.

Reciprocity

Rec`i*proc"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82ciprocit\'82. See Reciprocal.]

1. Mutual action and reaction.

2. Reciprocal advantages, obligations, or rights; reciprocation. Reciprocity treaty, ∨ Treaty of reciprocity, a treaty concluded between two countries, conferring equal privileges as regards customs or charges on imports, or in other respects. Syn. -- Reciprocation; interchange; mutuality.

Reciprocornous

Re*cip`ro*cor"nous (?), a. [L. reciprocus returning, reciprocal + cornu horn.] (Zo\'94l.) Having horns turning backward and then forward, like those of a ram. [R.] Ash.

Reciprocous

Re*cip"ro*cous (?), a. Reciprocal. [Obs.]

Reciprok

Rec"i*prok (?), a. [F. r\'82ciproque, L. reciprocus.] Reciprocal. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Reciproque

Rec"i*proque (?), a. & n. [F. r\'82ciproque.] Reciprocal. Bacon.

Recision

Re*ci"sion (?), n. [L. recisio, fr. recidere, recisum, to cut off; pref. re- re- + caedere to cut.] The act of cutting off. Sherwood.

Recital

Re*cit"al (?), n. [From Recite.]

1. The act of reciting; the repetition of the words of another, or of a document; rehearsal; as, the recital of testimony.

2. A telling in detail and due order of the particulars of anything, as of a law, an adventure, or a series of events; narration. Addison.

3. That which is recited; a story; a narration.

4. (Mus.) A vocal or instrumental performance by one person; -- distinguished from concert; as, a song recital; an organ, piano, or violin recital.

5. (Law) The formal statement, or setting forth, of some matter of fact in any deed or writing in order to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded; the statement of matter in pleading introductory to some positive allegation. Burn. Syn. -- Account; rehearsal; recitation; narration; description; explanation; enumeration; detail; narrative. See Account.

Recitation

Rec`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. recitatio: cf. F. r\'82citation. See Recite.]

1. The act of reciting; rehearsal; repetition of words or sentences. Hammond.

2. The delivery before an audience of something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary exhibition; also, that which is so delivered.

3. (Colleges and Schools) The rehearsal of a lesson by pupils before their instructor.

Recitative

Rec`i*ta*tive" (?), n. [It. recitativo, or F. r\'82citatif. See Recite.] (Mus.) A species of musical recitation in which the words are delivered in manner resembling that of ordinary declamation; also, a piece of music intended for such recitation; -- opposed to melisma.

Recitative

Rec`i*ta*tive", a. Of or pertaining to recitation; intended for musical recitation or declamation; in the style or manner of recitative. -- Rec`i*ta*tive"ly, adv.

Recitativo

Rec`i*ta*ti"vo (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) Recitative.

Recite

Re*cite" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recited; p. pr. & vb. n. Reciting.] [F. r\'82citer, fr. L. recitare, recitatum; pref. re- re- + citare to call or name, to cite. See Cite.]

1. To repeat, as something already prepared, written down, committed to memory, or the like; to deliver from a written or printed document, or from recollection; to rehearse; as, to recite the words of an author, or of a deed or covenant.

2. To tell over; to go over in particulars; to relate; to narrate; as, to recite past events; to recite the particulars of a voyage.

3. To rehearse, as a lesson to an instructor.

4. (Law) To state in or as a recital. See Recital, 5. Syn. -- To rehearse; narrate; relate; recount; describe; recapitulate; detail; number; count.

Recite

Re*cite", v. i. To repeat, pronounce, or rehearse, as before an audience, something prepared or committed to memory; to rehearse a lesson learned.

Recite

Re*cite", n. A recital. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.

Reciter

Re*cit"er (?), n. One who recites; also, a book of extracts for recitation.

Reck

Reck (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recked (?) (obs. imp. Roughte); p. pr. & vb. n. Recking.] [AS. reccan, r&emc;can, to care for; akin to OS. r&omac;kian, OHG. ruochan, G. geruhen, Icel. r\'91kja, also to E. reckon, rake an implement. See Rake, and cf. Reckon.]

1. To make account of; to care for; to heed; to regard. [Archaic]

This son of mine not recking danger. Sir P. Sidney.
And may you better reck the rede Than ever did the adviser. Burns.

2. To concern; -- used impersonally. [Poetic]

What recks it them? Milton.

Page 1199

Reck

Reck (?), v. i. To make account; to take heed; to care; to mind; -- often followed by of. [Archaic]
Then reck I not, when I have lost my life. Chaucer.
I reck not though I end my life to-day. Shak.
Of me she recks not, nor my vain desire. M. Arnold.

Reckless

Reck"less, a. [AS. reccele\'a0s, r&emac;cele\'a0s.]

1. Inattentive to duty; careless; neglectful; indifferent. Chaucer.

2. Rashly negligent; utterly careless or heedless.

It made the king as reckless as them diligent. Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. -- Heedless; careless; mindless; thoughtless; negligent; indifferent; regardless; unconcerned; inattentive; remiss; rash. -- Reck"less*ly, adv. -- Reck"less*ness, n.

Reckling

Reck"ling (?), a. Needing care; weak; feeble; as, a reckling child. H. Taylor. -- n. A weak child or animal. Tennyson.

Reckon

Reck"on (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reckoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reckoning.] [OE. rekenen, AS. gerecenian to explain; akin to D. rekenen to reckon, G. rechnen, OHG. rahnjan), and to E. reck, rake an implement; the original sense probably being, to bring together, count together. See Reck, v. t.]

1. To count; to enumerate; to number; also, to compute; to calculate.

The priest shall reckon to him the money according to the years that remain. Lev. xxvii. 18.
I reckoned above two hundred and fifty on the outside of the church. Addison.

2. To count as in a number, rank, or series; to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to esteem; to repute.

He was reckoned among the transgressors. Luke xxii. 37.
For him I reckon not in high estate. Milton.

3. To charge, attribute, or adjudge to one, as having a certain quality or value.

Faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness. Rom. iv. 9.
Without her eccentricities being reckoned to her for a crime. Hawthorne.

4. To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause; as, I reckon he won't try that again. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.] Syn. -- To number; enumerate; compute; calculate; estimate; value; esteem; account; repute. See Calculate, Guess.

Reckon

Reck"on, v. i.

1. To make an enumeration or computation; to engage in numbering or computing. Shak.

2. To come to an accounting; to make up accounts; to settle; to examine and strike the balance of debt and credit; to adjust relations of desert or penalty.

"Parfay," sayst thou, "sometime he reckon shall." Chaucer. To reckon for, to answer for; to pay the account for. "If they fail in their bounden duty, they shall reckon for it one day." Bp. Sanderson. -- To reckon on ∨ upon, to count or depend on. -- To reckon with, to settle accounts or claims with; -- used literally or figuratively.
After a long time the lord of those servants cometh, and reckoneth with them. Matt. xxv. 19.
-- To reckon without one's host, to ignore in a calculation or arrangement the person whose assent is essential; hence, to reckon erroneously.

Reckoner

Reck"on*er (?), n. One who reckons or computes; also, a book of calculation, tables, etc., to assist in reckoning.
Reckoners without their host must reckon twice. Camden.

Reckoning

Reck"on*ing, n.

1. The act of one who reckons, counts, or computes; the result of reckoning or counting; calculation. Specifically: (a) An account of time. Sandys. (b) Adjustment of claims and accounts; settlement of obligations, liabilities, etc.

Even reckoning makes lasting friends, and the way to make reckonings even is to make them often. South.
He quitted London, never to return till the day of a terrible and memorable reckoning had arrived. Macaulay.

2. The charge or account made by a host at an inn.

A coin would have a nobler use than to pay a reckoning. Addison.

3. Esteem; account; estimation.

You make no further reckoning of it [beauty] than of an outward fading benefit nature bestowed. Sir P. Sidney.

4. (Navigation) (a) The calculation of a ship's position, either from astronomical observations, or from the record of the courses steered and distances sailed as shown by compass and log, -- in the latter case called dead reckoning (see under Dead); -- also used fro dead reckoning in contradistinction to observation. (b) The position of a ship as determined by calculation. To be out of her reckoning, to be at a distance from the place indicated by the reckoning; -- said of a ship.

Reclaim

Re*claim" (?), v. t. To claim back; to demand the return of as a right; to attempt to recover possession of.
A tract of land [Holland] snatched from an element perpetually reclaiming its prior occupancy. W. Coxe.

Reclaim

Re*claim" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reclaimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reclaiming.] [F. r\'82clamer, L. reclamare, reclamatum, to cry out against; pref. re- re- + clamare to call or cry aloud. See Claim.]

1. To call back, as a hawk to the wrist in falconry, by a certain customary call. Chaucer.

2. To call back from flight or disorderly action; to call to, for the purpose of subduing or quieting.

The headstrong horses hurried Octavius . . . along, and were deaf to his reclaiming them. Dryden.

3. To reduce from a wild to a tamed state; to bring under discipline; -- said especially of birds trained for the chase, but also of other animals. "An eagle well reclaimed." Dryden.

4. Hence: To reduce to a desired state by discipline, labor, cultivation, or the like; to rescue from being wild, desert, waste, submerged, or the like; as, to reclaim wild land, overflowed land, etc.

5. To call back to rectitude from moral wandering or transgression; to draw back to correct deportment or course of life; to reform.

It is the intention of Providence, in all the various expressions of his goodness, to reclaim mankind. Rogers.

6. To correct; to reform; -- said of things. [Obs.]

Your error, in time reclaimed, will be venial. Sir E. Hoby.

7. To exclaim against; to gainsay. [Obs.] Fuller. Syn. -- To reform; recover; restore; amend; correct.

Reclaim

Re*claim" (?), v. i.

1. To cry out in opposition or contradiction; to exclaim against anything; to contradict; to take exceptions.

Scripture reclaims, and the whole Catholic church reclaims, and Christian ears would not hear it. Waterland.
At a later period Grote reclaimed strongly against Mill's setting Whately above Hamilton. Bain.

2. To bring anyone back from evil courses; to reform.

They, hardened more by what might most reclaim, Grieving to see his glory . . . took envy. Milton.

3. To draw back; to give way. [R. & Obs.] Spenser.

Reclaim

Re*claim", n. The act of reclaiming, or the state of being reclaimed; reclamation; recovery. [Obs.]

Reclaimable

Re*claim"a*ble (?), a. That may be reclaimed.

Reclaimant

Re*claim"ant (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82clamant, p. pr.] One who reclaims; one who cries out against or contradicts.

Reclaimer

Re*claim"er (?), n. One who reclaims.

Reclaimless

Re*claim"less, a. That can not be reclaimed.

Reclamation

Rec`la*ma"tion (?), n. [F. r\'82clamation, L. reclamatio. See Reclaim.]

1. The act or process of reclaiming.

2. Representation made in opposition; remonstrance.

I would now, on the reclamation both of generosity and of justice, try clemency. Landor.

Reclasp

Re*clasp" (?), v. i. To clasp or unite again.

Reclinant

Re*clin"ant (?), a. [L. reclinans, p. pr. See Recline.] Bending or leaning backward.

Reclinate

Rec"li*nate (?), a. [L. reclinatus, p. p.] (Bot.) Reclined, as a leaf; bent downward, so that the point, as of a stem or leaf, is lower than the base.

Reclination

Rec`li*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82clinaison.]

1. The act of leaning or reclining, or the state of being reclined.

2. (Dialing) The angle which the plane of the dial makes with a vertical plane which it intersects in a horizontal line. Brande & C.

3. (Surg.) The act or process of removing a cataract, by applying the needle to its anterior surface, and depressing it into the vitreous humor in such a way that front surface of the cataract becomes the upper one and its back surface the lower one. Dunglison.

Recline

Re*cline" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reclined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reclining.] [L. reclinare; pref. re- re- + clinare to lean, incline. See Incline, Lean to incline.] To cause or permit to lean, incline, rest, etc., to place in a recumbent position; as, to recline the head on the hand.
The mother Reclined her dying head upon his breast. Dryden.

Recline

Re*cline", v. i.

1. To lean or incline; as, to recline against a wall.

2. To assume, or to be in, a recumbent position; as, to recline on a couch.

Recline

Re*cline", a. [L. reclinis. See Recline, v. t.] Having a reclining posture; leaning; reclining. [R.]
They sat, recline On the soft downy bank, damasked with flowers. Milton.

Reclined

Re*clined" (?), a. (Bot.) Falling or turned downward; reclinate.

Recliner

Re*clin"er (?), n. One who, or that which, reclines.

Reclining

Re*clin"ing, a. (Bot.) (a) Bending or curving gradually back from the perpendicular. (b) Recumbent. Reclining dial, a dial whose plane is inclined to the vertical line through its center. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.).

Reclose

Re*close" (?), v. t. To close again. Pope.

Reclothe

Re*clothe" (?), v. t. To clothe again.

Reclude

Re*clude" (?), v. t. [L. recludere to unclose, open; pref. re- again, back, un- + claudere to shut.] To open; to unclose. [R.] Harvey.

Recluse

Re*cluse" (?), a. [L. reclus, L. reclusus, from recludere, reclusum, to unclose, open, in LL., to shut up. See Close.] Shut up, sequestered; retired from the world or from public notice; solitary; living apart; as, a recluse monk or hermit; a recluse life
In meditation deep, recluse From human converse. J. Philips.

Recluse

Re*cluse", n. [F. reclus, LL. reclusus. See Recluse, a.]

1. A person who lives in seclusion from intercourse with the world, as a hermit or monk; specifically, one of a class of secluded devotees who live in single cells; usually attached to monasteries.

2. The place where a recluse dwells. [Obs.] Foxe.

Recluse

Re*cluse", v. t. To shut; to seclude. [Obs.]

Reclusely

Re*cluse"ly, adv. In a recluse or solitary manner.

Recluseness

Re*cluse"ness, n. Quality or state of being recluse.

Reclusion

Re*clu"sion (?), n. [LL. reclusio: cf. F. reclusion.] A state of retirement from the world; seclusion.

Reclusive

Re*clu"sive (?), a. Affording retirement from society. "Some reclusive and religious life." Shak.

Reclusory

Re*clu"so*ry (?), n. [LL. reclosorium.] The habitation of a recluse; a hermitage.

Recoct

Re*coct" (?), v. t. [L. recoctus, p. p. of recoquere to cook or boil over again. See Re-, and 4th Cook.] To boil or cook again; hence, to make over; to vamp up; to reconstruct. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Recoction

Re*coc"tion (?), n. A second coction or preparation; a vamping up.

Recognition

Rec`og*ni"tion (?), n. [L. recognitio: cf. F. recognition. See Recognizance.] The act of recognizing, or the state of being recognized; acknowledgment; formal avowal; knowledge confessed or avowed; notice.
The lives of such saints had, at the time of their yearly memorials, solemn recognition in the church of God. Hooker.

Recognitor

Re*cog"ni*tor (?), n. [LL.] (Law) One of a jury impaneled on an assize. Blackstone.

Recognitory

Re*cog"ni*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or connected with, recognition.

Recognizability

Rec`og*ni`za*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or condition of being recognizable.

Recognizable

Rec"og*ni`za*ble (?; 277), a. Capable of being recognized. [Written also recognisable.] -- Rec"og*ni`za*bly, adv.

Recognizance

Re*cog"ni*zance (?), n. [F. reconnaissance, OF. recognoissance, fr. recognoissant, p. pr. of recognoistre to recognize, F. reconna\'8ctre, fr. L. recognoscere; pref. re- re- + cognoscere to know. See Cognizance, Know, and cf. Recognize, Reconnoissance.] >[Written also recognisance.]

1. (Law) (a) An obligation of record entered into before some court of record or magistrate duly authorized, with condition to do some particular act, as to appear at the same or some other court, to keep the peace, or pay a debt. A recognizance differs from a bond, being witnessed by the record only, and not by the party's seal. (b) The verdict of a jury impaneled upon assize. Cowell. &hand; Among lawyers the g in this and the related words (except recognize) is usually silent.

2. A token; a symbol; a pledge; a badge.

That recognizance and pledge of love Which I first gave her. Shak.

3. Acknowledgment of a person or thing; avowal; profession; recognition.

Recognization

Re*cog`ni*za"tion (?), n. Recognition. [R.]

Recognize

Rec"og*nize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recognized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Recognizing (?).] [From Recognizance; see Cognition, and cf. Reconnoiter.] [Written also recognise.]

1. To know again; to perceive the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover or recall knowledge of.

Speak, vassal; recognize thy sovereign queen. Harte.

2. To avow knowledge of; to allow that one knows; to consent to admit, hold, or the like; to admit with a formal acknowledgment; as, to recognize an obligation; to recognize a consul.

3. To acknowledge acquaintance with, as by salutation, bowing, or the like.

4. To show appreciation of; as, to recognize services by a testimonial.

5. To review; to re\'89xamine. [Obs.] South.

6. To reconnoiter. [Obs.] R. Monro. Syn. -- To acknowledge; avow; confess; own; allow; concede. See Acknowledge.

Recognize

Rec"og*nize, v. i. (Law) To enter an obligation of record before a proper tribunal; as, A, B recognized in the sum of twenty dollars. [Written also recognise.] &hand; In legal usage in the United States the second syllable is often accented.

Recognizee

Re*cog`ni*zee" (?), n. (Law) The person in whose favor a recognizance is made. [Written also recognisee.] Blackstone.

Reconizer

Rec"o*ni`zer (?), n. One who recognizes; a recognizor. [Written also recogniser.]

Recognizor

Re*cog`ni*zor" (?), n. (Law) One who enters into a recognizance. [Written also recognisor.] Blackstone.

Recognosce

Rec"og*nosce (?), v. t. [L. recognoscere. See Recognizance.] To recognize. [R. & Obs.] Boyle.

Recoil

Re*coil" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Recoiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Recoiling.] [OE. recoilen, F. reculer, fr. L. pref. re- re- + culus the fundament. The English word was perhaps influenced in form by accoil.]

1. To start, roll, bound, spring, or fall back; to take a reverse motion; to be driven or forced backward; to return.

Evil on itself shall back recoil. Milton.
The solemnity of her demeanor made it impossible . . . that we should recoil into our ordinary spirits. De Quincey.

2. To draw back, as from anything repugnant, distressing, alarming, or the like; to shrink. Shak.

3. To turn or go back; to withdraw one's self; to retire. [Obs.] "To your bowers recoil." Spenser.

Recoil

Re*coil", v. t. To draw or go back. [Obs.] Spenser.

Recoil

Re*coil", n.

1. A starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking; as, the recoil of nature, or of the blood.

2. The state or condition of having recoiled.

The recoil from formalism is skepticism. F. W. Robertson.

3. Specifically, the reaction or rebounding of a firearm when discharged. Recoil dynamometer (Gunnery), an instrument for measuring the force of the recoil of a firearm. -- Recoil escapement See the Note under Escapement.

Recoiler

Re*coil"er (?), n. One who, or that which, recoils.

Recoilingly

Re*coil"ing*ly, adv. In the manner of a recoil.

Recoilment

Re*coil"ment, n. [Cf. F. reculement.] Recoil. [R.]

Recoin

Re*coin" (?), v. t. To coin anew or again.

Recoinage

Re*coin"age (?), n.

1. The act of coining anew.

2. That which is coined anew.

Re-collect

Re`-col*lect" (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + collect.] To collect again; to gather what has been scattered; as, to re-collect routed troops.
God will one day raise the dead, re-collecting our scattered dust. Barrow.

Recollect

Rec`ol*lect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recollected; imp. & p. p. Recollecting.] [Pref. re- + collect: cf. L. recolligere, recollectum, to collect. Cf. Recollet.]

1. To recover or recall the knowledge of; to bring back to the mind or memory; to remember.

2. Reflexively, to compose one's self; to recover self-command; as, to recollect one's self after a burst of anger; -- sometimes, formerly, in the perfect participle.

The Tyrian queen . . . Admired his fortunes, more admired the man; Then recollected stood. Dryden.

Recollect

Rec"ol*lect, n. [See Recollet.] (Eccl.) A friar of the Strict Observance, -- an order of Franciscans. [Written also Recollet.] Addis & Arnold.
Page 1200


Page 1200

Recollection

Rec`ol*lec"tion (r?k`?l*l?k"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82collection.]

1. The act of recollecting, or recalling to the memory; the operation by which objects are recalled to the memory, or ideas revived in the mind; reminiscence; remembrance.

2. The power of recalling ideas to the mind, or the period within which things can be recollected; remembrance; memory; as, an event within my recollection.

3. That which is recollected; something called to mind; reminiscence. "One of his earliest recollections." Macaulay.

4. The act or practice of collecting or concentrating the mind; concentration; self-control. [Archaic]

From such an education Charles contracted habits of gravity and recollection. Robertson.
Syn. -- Reminiscence; remembrance. See Memory.

Recollective

Rec`ol*lect"ive (-l?k"t?v), a. Having the power of recollecting. J. Foster.

Recollet

Rec"ol*let (r?k"?l*l?t; F. r?`k?`l?"), n. [F. r\'82collet, fr. L. recollectus, p.p. of recolligere to gather again, to gather up; NL., to collect one's self, esp. for religious contemplation.] (Eccl.) Same as Recollect, n.

Recolonization

Re*col`o*ni*za"tion (r?*k?l`?*n?*z?"sh?n), n. A second or renewed colonization.

Recolonize

Re*col"o*nize (r?*k?l"?*n?z), v. t. To colonize again.

Recombination

Re*com`bi*na"tion (r?*k?m`b?*n?"sh?n), n. Combination a second or additional time.

Recombine

Re`com*bine" (r?`k?m*b?n"), v. t. To combine again.

Recomfort

Re*com"fort (r?*k?m"f?rt), v. t. [Pref. re- + comfort: cf. F. r\'82conforter.] To comfort again; to console anew; to give new strength to. Bacon.
Gan her recomfort from so sad affright. Spenser.

Recomfortless

Re*com"fort*less, a. Without comfort. [Obs.]

Recomforture

Re*com"for*ture (-f?r*t?r;135), n. The act of recomforting; restoration of comfort. [Obs.] Shak.

Recommence

Re`com*mence" (r?`k?m*m?ns"), v. i.

1. To commence or begin again. Howell.

2. To begin anew to be; to act again as. [Archaic.]

He seems desirous enough of recommencing courtier. Johnson.

Recommence

Re`com*mence", v. t. [Pref. re- + commence: cf. F. recommencer.] To commence again or anew.

Recommencement

Re`com*mence"ment (-m?nt), n. A commencement made anew.

Recommend

Rec`om*mend" (r?k`?m*m?nd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recommended; p. pr. & vb. n. Recommending.] [Pref. re- + commend: cf. F. recommander.]

1. To commend to the favorable notice of another; to commit to another's care, confidence, or acceptance, with favoring representations; to put in a favorable light before any one; to bestow commendation on; as, he recommended resting the mind and exercising the body.

M\'91cenas recommended Virgil and Horace to Augustus, whose praises . . . have made him precious to posterity. Dryden.

2. To make acceptable; to attract favor to.

A decent boldness ever meets with friends, Succeeds, and e'en a stranger recommends. Pope.

3. To commit; to give in charge; to commend.

Paul chose Silas and departed, being recommended by the brethren unto the grace of God. Acts xv. 40
.

Recommendable

Rec`om*mend"a*ble (-?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. recommandable.] Suitable to be recommended; worthy of praise; commendable. Glanvill. -- Rec`om*mend"a*ble*ness, n. -- Rec`om*mend"a*bly, adv.

Recommendation

Rec`om*men*da"tion (r?k`?m*m?n*d?"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. recommandation.]

1. The act of recommending.

2. That which recommends, or commends to favor; anything procuring, or tending to procure, a favorable reception, or to secure acceptance and adoption; as, he brought excellent recommendations.

3. The state of being recommended; esteem. [R.]

The burying of the dead . . . hath always been had in an extraordinary recommendation amongst the ancient. Sir T. North.

Recommendative

Rec`om*mend"a*tive (-m?nd"?*t?v), n. That which recommends; a recommendation. [Obs.]

Recommendatory

Rec`om*mend"a*to*ry (-?*t?*r?), a. Serving to recommend; recommending; commendatory. Swift.

Recommender

Rec`om*mend"er (-?r), n. One who recommends.

Recommission

Re`com*mis"sion (r?`k?m*m?sh?n), v. t. To commission again; to give a new commission to.
Officers whose time of service had expired were to be recommissioned. Marshall.

Recommit

Re`com*mit" (-m?t"), v. t. To commit again; to give back into keeping; specifically, to refer again to a committee; as, to recommit a bill to the same committee.

Recommitment -mnt, Recommittal

Re`com*mit"ment (-m?nt), Re`com*mit"tal (-?l), n. A second or renewed commitment; a renewed reference to a committee.

Recompact

Re`com*pact" (-p?kt"), v. t. To compact or join anew. "Recompact my scattered body." Donne.

Recompensation

Re*com`pen*sa"tion (r?*k?m`p?n*s?"sh?n), n. [Cf. LL. recompensatio.]

1. Recompense. [Obs.]

2. (Scots Law) Used to denote a case where a set-off pleaded by the defendant is met by a set-off pleaded by the plaintiff.

Recompense

Rec"om*pense (r\'cbk"\'cem*p\'cbns), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recompensed (-p?nst); p. pr. & vb. n. Recompensing (-p?n`s?ng).] [F. r\'82compenser, LL. recompensare, fr.L. pref. re- re- + compensare to compensate. See Compensate.]

1. To render an equivalent to, for service, loss, etc.; to requite; to remunerate; to compensate.

He can not recompense me better. Shak.

2. To return an equivalent for; to give compensation for; to atone for; to pay for.

God recompenseth the gift. Robynson (More's Utopia).
To recompense My rash, but more unfortunate, misdeed. Milton.

3. To give in return; to pay back; to pay, as something earned or deserved. [R.]

Recompense to no man evil for evil. Rom. xii. 17.
Syn. -- To repay; requite; compensate; reward; remunerate.

Recompense

Rec"om*pense (r?k"?m*p?ns), v. i. To give recompense; to make amends or requital. [Obs.]

Recompense

Rec"om*pense, n. [Cf. F. r\'82compense.] An equivalent returned for anything done, suffered, or given; compensation; requital; suitable return.
To me belongeth vengeance, and recompense. Deut. xxii. 35.
And every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward. Heb. ii. 2.
Syn. -- Repayment; compensation; remuneration; amends; satisfaction; reward; requital.

Recompensement

Rec"om*pense`ment (-p?ns`m?nt), n. Recompense; requital. [Obs.] Fabyan.

Recompenser

Rec"om*pen`ser (-p?n`s?r), n. One who recompenses.
A thankful recompenser of the benefits received. Foxe.

Recompensive

Rec"om*pen`sive (-s?v), a. Of the nature of recompense; serving to recompense. Sir T. Browne.

Recompilation

Re*com`pi*la"tion (r?*k?m`p?*l?"tion), n. A new compilation.

Recompile

Re`com*pile" (r\'c7`k\'cem*p\'c6l"), v. t. To compile anew.

Recompilement

Re`com*pile"ment (-ment), n. The act of recompiling; new compilation or digest; as, a recompilement of the laws. Bacon.

Recompose

Re`com*pose" (-p?z"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recomposed (-p?zd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Recomposing.] [Pref. re- + compose: cf. F. recomposer.]

1. To compose again; to form anew; to put together again or repeatedly.

The far greater number of the objects presented to our observation can only be decomposed, but not actually recomposed. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. To restore to composure; to quiet anew; to tranquilize; as, to recompose the mind. Jer. Taylor.

Recomposer

Re`com*pos"er (-p?z"?r), n. One who recomposes.

Recomposition

Re*com`po*si"tion (r?*k?m`p?z?sh?n), n. [Cf. F. recomposition.] The act of recomposing.

Reconcilable

Rec"on*ci`la*ble (r?k"?n*s?`l?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. r\'82conciliable.] Capable of being reconciled; as, reconcilable adversaries; an act reconciable with previous acts.
The different accounts of the numbers of ships are reconcilable. Arbuthnot.
-- Rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness, n. -- Rec"on*ci`la*bly, adv.

Reconcile

Rec"on*cile` (-s?l`), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reconciled (-s?ld`); p. pr. & vb. n. Reconciling.] [F. r\'82concilier, L. reconciliare; pref. re- re- + conciliare to bring together, to unite. See Conciliate.]

1. To cause to be friendly again; to conciliate anew; to restore to friendship; to bring back to harmony; to cause to be no longer at variance; as, to reconcile persons who have quarreled.

Propitious now and reconciled by prayer. Dryden.
The church [if defiled] is interdicted till it be reconciled [i.e., restored to sanctity] by the bishop. Chaucer.
We pray you . . . be ye reconciled to God. 2 Cor. v. 20.

2. To bring to acquiescence, content, or quiet submission; as, to reconcile one's self to affictions.

3. To make consistent or congruous; to bring to agreement or suitableness; -- followed by with or to.

The great men among the ancients understood how to reconcile manual labor with affairs of state. Locke.
Some figures monstrous and misshaped appear, Considered singly, or beheld too near; Which, but proportioned to their light or place, Due distance reconciles to form and grace. Pope.

4. To adjust; to settle; as, to reconcile differences. Syn. -- To reunite; conciliate; placate; propitiate; pacify; appease.

Reconcile

Rec"on*cile`, v. i. To become reconciled. [Obs.]

Reconcilement

Rec"on*cile`ment (-ment), n. Reconciliation. Milton.

Reconciler

Rec"on*ci`ler (-s?`l?r), n. One who reconciles.

Reconciliation

Rec`on*cil`i*a"tion (-s?l`?*?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82conciliation, L. reconciliatio.]

1. The act of reconciling, or the state of being reconciled; reconcilenment; restoration to harmony; renewal of friendship.

Reconciliation and friendship with God really form the basis of all rational and true enjoyment. S. Miller.

2. Reduction to congruence or consistency; removal of inconsistency; harmony.

A clear and easy reconciliation of those seeming inconsistencies of Scripture. D. Rogers.
Syn. -- Reconciliment; reunion; pacification; appeasement; propitiation; atonement; expiation.

Reconciliatory

Rec`on*cil"i*a*to*ry (-s?l"?*?*t?*r?), a. Serving or tending to reconcile. Bp. Hall.

Recondensation

Re*con`den*sa"tion (r?*k?n`d?n*s?"sh?n), n. The act or process of recondensing.

Recondense

Re`con*dense" (r?`k?n*d?ns"), v. t.To condense again.

Recondite

Rec"on*dite (r?k"?n*d?t ∨ r?*k?n"d?t;277), a. [L. reconditus, p. p. of recondere to put up again, to lay up, to conceal; pref. re- re- + condere to bring or lay together. See Abscond.]

1. Hidden from the mental or intellectual view; secret; abstruse; as, recondite causes of things.

2. Dealing in things abstruse; profound; searching; as, recondite studies. "Recondite learning." Bp. Horsley.

Reconditory

Re*con"di*to*ry (r?k?n"d?*t?*r?), n. [LL. reconditorium.] A repository; a storehouse. [Obs.] Ash.

Reconduct

Re`con*duct" (r?`k?n*d?kt"), v. t. To conduct back or again. "A guide to reconduct thy steps." Dryden.

Reconfirm

Re`con*firm" (-f?rm"), v. t. [Pref. re- + confirm: cf. F. reconfirmer.] To confirm anew. Clarendon.

Reconfort

Re`con*fort" (-f?rt"), v. t. [F. r\'82conforter.] To recomfort; to comfort. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reconjoin

Re`con*join" (r?`k?n*join"), v. t. To join or conjoin anew. Boyle.

Reconnoissance, Reconnaissance

Re*con"nois*sance, Re*con"nais*sance (r?-k?n"n?s-s?ns), n. [F. See Recognizance.] The act of reconnoitering; preliminary examination or survey. Specifically: (a) (Geol.) An examination or survey of a region in reference to its general geological character. (b) (Engin.) An examination of a region as to its general natural features, preparatory to a more particular survey for the purposes of triangulation, or of determining the location of a public work. (c) (Mil.) An examination of a territory, or of an enemy's position, for the purpose of obtaining information necessary for directing military operations; a preparatory expedition. Reconnoissance in force (Mil.), a demonstration or attack by a large force of troops for the purpose of discovering the position and strength of an enemy.

Reconnoiter, Reconnoitre

Rec`on*noi"ter, Rec`on*noi"tre (r?k`?n*noi"t?r), v. t. [F. reconnoitre, a former spelling of reconna\'8ctre. See Recognize.]

1. To examine with the eye to make a preliminary examination or survey of; esp., to survey with a view to military or engineering operations.

2. To recognize. [Obs.] Sir H. Walpole.

Reconquer

Re*con"quer (r?*k?n"k?r), v. t. [Pref. re- + conquer: cf. F. reconqu\'82rir.] To conquer again; to recover by conquest; as, to reconquer a revolted province.

Reconquest

Re*con"quest (-kw?st), n. A second conquest.

Reconsecrate

Re*con"se*crate (-k?n"s?*kr?t), v. t. To consecrate anew or again.

Reconsecration

Re*con`se*cra"tion, n. Renewed consecration.

Reconsider

Re`con*sid"er (r?`k?n*s?d"?r), v. t.

1. To consider again; as, to reconsider a subject.

2. (Parliamentary Practice) To take up for renewed consideration, as a motion or a vote which has been previously acted upon.

Reconsideration

Re`con*sid`er*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. The act of reconsidering, or the state of being reconsidered; as, the reconsideration of a vote in a legislative body.

Reconsolate

Re*con"so*late (r?*k?n"s?*l?t), v. t. To console or comfort again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Reconsolidate

Re`con*sol"i*date (r?`k?n*s?l"?*d?t), v. t. To consolidate anew or again.

Reconsolidation

Re`con*sol`i*da"tion (-d?"sh?n), n. The act or process of reconsolidating; the state of being reconsolidated.

Reconstruct

Re`con*struct" (-str?kt"), v. t. To construct again; to rebuild; to remodel; to form again or anew.
Regiments had been dissolved and reconstructed. Macaulay.

Reconstruction

Re`con*struc"tion (-str?k"sh?n), n.

1. The act of constructing again; the state of being reconstructed.

2. (U.S. Politics) The act or process of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed ordinances of secession, and of re\'89stablishing their constitutional relations to the national government, after the close of the Civil War.

Reconstructive

Re`con*struct"ive (-str?k"t?v), a. Reconstructing; tending to reconstruct; as, a reconstructive policy.

Recontinuance

Re`con*tin"u*ance (-t?n"?*?ns), n. The act or state of recontinuing.

Recontinue

Re`con*tin"ue (-?), v. t. & i. To continue anew.

Reconvene

Re`con*vene" (r?`k?n*v?n"), v. t. & i. To convene or assemble again; to call or come together again.

Reconvention

Re`con*ven"tion (-v?n"sh?n), n. (Civil Law) A cross demand; an action brought by the defendant against the plaintiff before the same judge. Burrill. Bouvier.

Reconversion

Re`con*ver"sion (-v?r"sh?n), n. A second conversion.

Reconvert

Re`con*vert" (-v?rt"), v. t. To convert again. Milton.

Reconvert

Re*con"vert (r?*k?n"v?rt), n. A person who has been reconverted. Gladstone.

Reconvertible

Re`con*vert"i*ble (r?`k?n*v?rt"?*b'l), a. (Chem.) Capable of being reconverted; convertible again to the original form or condition.

Reconvey

Re`con*vey" (-v?"), v. t.

1. To convey back or to the former place; as, to reconvey goods.

2. To transfer back to a former owner; as, to reconvey an estate.

Reconveyance

Re`con*vey"ance (-v?"?ns), n. Act of reconveying.

Recopy

Re*cop"y (r?*k?p"?), v. t. To copy again.

Record

Re*cord" (r?*k?rd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recorded; p. pr. & vb. n. Recording.] [OE. recorden to repeat, remind, F. recorder, fr. L. recordari to remember; pref. re- re- + cor, cordis, the heart or mind. See Cordial, Heart.]

1. To recall to mind; to recollect; to remember; to meditate. [Obs.] "I it you record." Chaucer.

2. To repeat; to recite; to sing or play. [Obs.]

They longed to see the day, to hear the lark Record her hymns, and chant her carols blest. Fairfax.

3. To preserve the memory of, by committing to writing, to printing, to inscription, or the like; to make note of; to write or enter in a book or on parchment, for the purpose of preserving authentic evidence of; to register; to enroll; as, to record the proceedings of a court; to record historical events.

Those things that are recorded of him . . . are written in the chronicles of the kings. 1 Esd. i. 42.
To record a deed, mortgage, lease, etc., to have a copy of the same entered in the records of the office designated by law, for the information of the public.

Record

Re*cord", v. i.

1. To reflect; to ponder. [Obs.]

Praying all the way, and recording upon the words which he before had read. Fuller.

2. To sing or repeat a tune. [Obs.] Shak.

Whether the birds or she recorded best. W. Browne.

Record

Rec"ord (r?k"?rd), n. [OF. recort, record, remembrance, attestation, record. See Record, v. t.]

1. A writing by which same act or event, or a number of acts or events, is recorded; a register; as, a record of the acts of the Hebrew kings; a record of the variations of temperature during a certain time; a family record.

2. Especially: (a) An official contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or public officer, are recorded; as, a record of city ordinances; the records of the receiver of taxes. (b) An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by law. (c) An official contemporaneous memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial record. (d) The various legal papers used in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court; as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the record.

3. Testimony; witness; attestation.

John bare record, saying. John i. 32
.

4. That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge of acts or events; a monument; a memorial.

5. That which has been, or might be, recorded; the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad record.


Page 1201

6. That which has been publicly achieved in any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race. Court of record (pron. rin Eng.), a court whose acts and judicial proceedings are written on parchment or in books for a perpetual memorial. -- Debt of record, a debt which appears to be due by the evidence of a court of record, as upon a judgment or a cognizance. -- Trial by record, a trial which is had when a matter of record is pleaded, and the opposite party pleads that there is no such record. In this case the trial is by inspection of the record itself, no other evidence being admissible. Blackstone. -- To beat, ∨ break, the record (Sporting), to surpass any performance of like kind as authoritatively recorded; as, to break the record in a walking match.

Recordance

Re*cord"ance (r?*k?rd"?ns), n. Remembrance. [Obs.]

Recordation

Rec`or*da"tion (r?k`?r*d?"sh?n), n. [L. recordatio: cf. F. recordation. See Record, v. t.] Remembrance; recollection; also, a record. [Obs.] Shak.

Recorder

Re*cord"er (r?*k?rd"?r), n.

1. One who records; specifically, a person whose official duty it is to make a record of writings or transactions.

2. The title of the chief judical officer of some cities and boroughs; also, of the chief justice of an East Indian settlement. The Recorder of London is judge of the Lord Mayor's Court, and one of the commissioners of the Central Criminal Court.

3. (Mus.) A kind of wind instrument resembling the flageolet. [Obs.] "Flutes and soft recorders." Milton.

Recordership

Re*cord"er*ship, n. The office of a recorder.

Recording

Re*cord"ing, a. Keeping a record or a register; as, a recording secretary; -- applied to numerous instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their action; as, a recording gauge or telegraph.

Recorporification

Re`cor*por`i*fi*ca"tion (r?`k?r*p?r`?*f?*k?"sh?n), n. The act of investing again with a body; the state of being furnished anew with a body. [R.] Boyle.

Recouch

Re*couch" (r?*kouch"), v. i. [Pref. re- + couch: cf. F. recoucher.] To retire again to a couch; to lie down again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Recount

Re*count" (r?*kount"), v. t. [Pref. re- + count.] To count or reckon again.

Recount

Re*count", n. A counting again, as of votes.

Recount

Re*count" (r?*kount"), v. t. [F. raconter to relate, to recount; pref. re- again + ad.) + conter to relate. See Count, v.] To tell over; to relate in detail; to recite; to tell or narrate the particulars of; to rehearse; to enumerate; as, to recount one's blessings. Dryden.
To all his angels, who, with true applause, Recount his praises. Milton.

Recountment

Re*count`ment (-m?nt), n. Recital. [Obs.] Shak.

Recoup, Recoupe

Re*coup", Re*coupe" (-k??p"), v. t. [F. recouper; pref. re- re- + couper to cut.]

1. (Law) To keep back rightfully (a part), as if by cutting off, so as to diminish a sum due; to take off (a part) from damages; to deduct; as, where a landlord recouped the rent of premises from damages awarded to the plaintiff for eviction.

2. To get an equivalent or compensation for; as, to recoup money lost at the gaming table; to recoup one's losses in the share market.

3. To reimburse; to indemnify; -- often used reflexively and in the passive.

Elizabeth had lost her venture; but if she was bold, she might recoup herself at Philip's cost. Froude.
Industry is sometimes recouped for a small price by extensive custom. Duke of Argyll.

Recouper

Re*coup"er (r?*k??p"?r), n. One who recoups. Story.

Recoupment

Re*coup"ment (-m?nt), n. The act of recouping. &hand; Recoupment applies to equities growing out of the very affair from which thw principal demand arises, set-off to cross-demands which may be independent in origin. Abbott.

Recourse

Re*course" (r?*k?rs"), n. [F. recours, L. recursus a running back, return, fr. recurrere, recursum, to run back. See Recur.]

1. A coursing back, or coursing again, along the line of a previous coursing; renewed course; return; retreat; recurence. [Obs.] "Swift recourse of flushing blood." Spenser.

Unto my first I will have my recourse. Chaucer.
Preventive physic . . . preventeth sickness in the healthy, or the recourse thereof in the valetudinary. Sir T. Browne.

2. Recurrence in difficulty, perplexity, need, or the like; access or application for aid; resort.

Thus died this great peer, in a time of great recourse unto him and dependence upon him. Sir H. Wotton.
Our last recourse is therefore to our art. Dryden.

3. Access; admittance. [Obs.]

Give me recourse to him. Shak.
Without recourse (Commerce), words sometimes added to the indorsement of a negotiable instrument to protect the indorser from liability to the indorsee and subsequent holders. It is a restricted indorsement.

Recourse

Re*course", v. i.

1. To return; to recur. [Obs.]

The flame departing and recoursing. Foxe.

2. To have recourse; to resort. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.

Recourseful

Re*course"ful (-f?l), a. Having recurring flow and ebb; moving alternately. [Obs.] Drayton.

Recover

Re*cov"er (r?*k?v"?r), v. t. [Pref. re- + cover: cf. F. recouvrir.] To cover again. Sir W. Scott.

Recover

Re*cov"er (r?*k?v"?r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recovered (-?rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Recovering. ] [OE. recoveren, OF. recovrer, F. recouvrer, from L. recuperare; pref. re- re + a word of unknown origin. Cf.Recuperate.]

1. To get or obtain again; to get renewed possession of; to win back; to regain.

David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away. 1. Sam. xxx. 18.

2. To make good by reparation; to make up for; to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of; as, to recover lost time. "Loss of catel may recovered be." Chaucer.

Even good men have many failings and lapses to lament and recover. Rogers.

3. To restore from sickness, faintness, or the like; to bring back to life or health; to cure; to heal.

The wine in my bottle will recover him. Shak.

4. To overcome; to get the better of, -- as a state of mind or body.

I do hope to recover my late hurt. Cowley.
When I had recovered a little my first surprise. De Foe.

5. To rescue; to deliver.

That they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him. 2. Tim. ii. 26.

6. To gain by motion or effort; to obtain; to reach; to come to. [Archaic]

The forest is not three leagues off; If we recover that, we're sure enough. Shak.
Except he could recover one of the Cities of Refuge he was to die. Hales.

7. (Law) To gain as a compensation; to obtain in return for injury or debt; as, to recover damages in trespass; to recover debt and costs in a suit at law; to obtain title to by judgement in a court of law; as, to recover lands in ejectment or common recovery; to gain by legal process; as, to recover judgement against a defendant. Recover arms (Mil. Drill), a command whereby the piece is brought from the position of "aim" to that of "ready." Syn. -- To regain; repossess; resume; retrieve; recruit; heal; cure.

Recover

Re*cov"er (r?*k?v"?r), v. i.

1. To regain health after sickness; to grow well; to be restored or cured; hence, to regain a former state or condition after misfortune, alarm, etc.; -- often followed by of or from; as, to recover from a state of poverty; to recover from fright.

Go, inquire of Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron, whether I shall recover of this disease. 2 Kings i. 2.

2. To make one's way; to come; to arrive. [Obs.]

With much ado the Christians recovered to Antioch. Fuller.

3. (Law) To obtain a judgement; to succeed in a lawsuit; as, the plaintiff has recovered in his suit.

Recover

Re*cov"er, n. Recovery. Sir T. Malory.

Recoverable

Re*cov"er*a*ble (-?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. recouvrable.] Capable of being recovered or regained; capable of being brought back to a former condition, as from sickness, misfortune, etc.; obtainable from a debtor or possessor; as, the debt is recoverable; goods lost or sunk in the ocean are not recoverable.
A prodigal course Is like the sun's; but not, like his, recoverable. Shak.
If I am recoverable, why am I thus? Cowper.
-- Re*cov"er*a*ble*ness, n.

Re coverance

Re cov"er*ance (ans), n. Recovery. [Obs.]

Recoveree

Re*cov`er*ee" (-?"), n. (Law) The person against whom a judgment is obtained in common recovery.

Recoverer

Re*cov"er*er (r?*k?v"?r*?r), n.One who recovers.

Recoveror

Re*cov`er*or" (-?r), n. (Law) The demandant in a common recovery after judgment. Wharton.

Recovery

Re*cov"er*y (r?*k?v"?r*?), n.

1. The act of recovering, regaining, or retaking possession.

2. Restoration from sickness, weakness, faintness, or the like; restoration from a condition of mistortune, of fright, etc.

3. (Law) The obtaining in a suit at law of a right to something by a verdict and judgment of court.

4. The getting, or gaining, of something not previously had. [Obs.] "Help be past recovery." Tusser.

5. In rowing, the act of regaining the proper position for making a new stroke. Common recovery (Law), a species of common assurance or mode of conveying lands by matter of record, through the forms of an action at law, formerly in frequent use, but now abolished or obsolete, both in England and America. Burrill. Warren.

Recreance

Rec"re*ance (r?k"r?*?ns), n. Recreancy.

Recreancy

Rec"re*an*cy (-an*s?), n. The quality or state of being recreant.

Recreant

Rec"re*ant (-ant), a. [OF., cowardly, fr. recroire, recreire, to forsake, leave, tire, discourage, regard as conquered, LL. recredere se to declare one's self conquered in combat; hence, those are called recrediti or recreanti who are considered infamous; L. pref. re- again, back + credere to believe, to be of opinion; hence, originally, to disavow one's opinion. See Creed.]

1. Crying for mercy, as a combatant in the trial by battle; yielding; cowardly; mean-spirited; craven. "This recreant knight." Spenser.

2. Apostate; false; unfaithful.

Who, for so many benefits received, Turned recreant to God, ingrate and false. Milton.

Recreant

Rec"re*ant, n. One who yields in combat, and begs for mercy; a mean-spirited, cowardly wretch. Blackstone.
You are all recreants and dastards! Shak.

Re-create

Re`-cre*ate" (r?`kr?*?t"), v. t. [Pref. re- + create.] To create or form anew.
On opening the campaign of 1776, instead of re\'89nforcing, it was necessary to re-create, the army. Marshall.

Recreate

Rec"re*ate (rk"r*t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recreated (-`td); p. pr. & vb. n. Recreating.] [L. recreatus, p. p. of recreate to create anew, to refresh; pref. re- re- + creare to create. See Create.] To give fresh life to; to reanimate; to revive; especially, to refresh after wearying toil or anxiety; to relieve; to cheer; to divert; to amuse; to gratify.
Painters, when they work on white grounds, place before them colors mixed with blue and green, to recreate their eyes, white wearying . . . the sight more than any. Dryden.
St. John, who recreated himself with sporting with a tame partridge. Jer. Taylor.
These ripe fruits recreate the nostrils with their aromatic scent. Dr. H. More.

Recreate

Rec"re*ate, v. i. To take recreation. L. Addison.

Recreation

Rec"re*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82cr\'82ation, L. recreatio.] The act of recreating, or the state of being recreated; refreshment of the strength and spirits after toil; amusement; diversion; sport; pastime.

Recreation

Re`*cre*a"tion (r?`kr?*?sh?n), n. [See Re-create.] A forming anew; a new creation or formation.

Re-creative

Re`-cre*a"tive (-?`t?v), a. Creating anew; as, re-creative power.

Recreative

Rec"re*a`tive (r?k"r?*?`t?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82cr. See Recreate.] Tending to recreate or refresh; recreating; giving new vigor or animation; reinvigorating; giving relief after labor or pain; amusing; diverting.
Let the music of them be recreative. Bacon.
--- Rec"re*a`tive*ly, adv. -- Rec"re*a`tive*ness, n.

Recrement

Rec"re*ment (r?k"r?*ment), n. [L. recrementum; pref. re- re- + cernere, cretum, to separate, sift: cf. F. r\'82cr\'82ment.]

1. Superfluous matter separated from that which is useful; dross; scoria; as, the recrement of ore.

2. (Med.) (a) Excrement. [Obs.] (a) A substance secreted from the blood and again absorbed by it.

Recremental

Rec`re*men"tal (-m?n"tal), a. Recrementitious.

Recrementitial

Rec`re*men*ti"tial (-m?n*t?sh"al), a. [Cf. F. r\'82cr\'82mentitiel.] (Med.) Of the nature of a recrement. See Recrement,2 (b). "Recrementitial fluids." Dunglison.

Recrementitious

Rec`re*men*ti"tious (-t?sh"?s), a. Of or pertaining to recrement; consisting of recrement or dross. Boyle.

Recriminate

Re*crim"i*nate (r?*kr?m"?*n?t), v. i. [Pref. re- + criminate: cf. F. r\'82criminer ,LL. recriminare.] To return one charge or accusation with another; to chargeback fault or crime upon an accuser.

Recriminate

Re*crim"i*nate, v. t. To accuse in return. South.

Recrimination

Re*crim`i*na"tion (-n?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82crimination, LL. recriminatio.] The act of recriminating; an accusation brought by the accused against the accuser; a counter accusation.
Accusations and recriminations passed back ward and forward between the contending parties. Macaulay.

Recriminative

Re*crim"i*na*tive (-n?*t?v), a. Recriminatory.

Recriminator

Re*crim"i*na`tor (-n?`t?r), n. One who recriminates.

Recriminatory

Re*crim"i*na*to*ry (-n?*t?*r?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82criminatoire.] Having the quality of recrimination; retorting accusation; recriminating.

Recross

Re*cross" (r?*kr?s";115), v. t. To cross a second time.

Recrudency

Re*cru"den*cy (r?*kr?"den*s?), n. Recrudescence.

Recrudescence rkrdssens, Recrudescency

Re`cru*des"cence (r?`kr?*d?s"sens), Re`cru*des`cen*cy (-d?s"sen*s?), n. [Cf. F. recrudescence.]

1. The state or condition of being recrudescent.

A recrudescence of barbarism may condemn it [land] to chronic poverty and waste. Duke of Argyll.

2. (Med.) Increased severity of a disease after temporary remission. Dunglison.

Recrudescent

Re`cru*des"cent (-sent), a. [L. recrudescens, -entis, p.pr. of recrudescere to become raw again; pref. re- re- + crudescere to become hard or raw: cf. F. recrudescent.]

1. Growing raw, sore, or painful again.

2. Breaking out again after temporary abatement or supression; as, a recrudescent epidemic.

Recruit

Re*cruit" (r?*kr?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recruited; p. pr. & vb. n. Recruiting.] [F. recruter, corrupted (under influence of recrue recruiting, recruit, from recro, p.p. recr, to grow again) from an older recluter, properly, to patch, to mend (a garment); pref. re- + OF. clut piece, piece of cloth; cf. Icel. kl kerchief, E. clout.]

1. To repair by fresh supplies, as anything wasted; to remedy lack or deficiency in; as, food recruits the flesh; fresh air and exercise recruit the spirits.

Her cheeks glow the brighter, recruiting their color. Glanvill.

2. Hence, to restore the wasted vigor of; to renew in strength or health; to reinvigorate.

3. To supply with new men, as an army; to fill up or make up by enlistment; as, he recruited two regiments; the army was recruited for a campaign; also, to muster; to enlist; as, he recruited fifty men. M. Arnold.

Recruit

Re*cruit", v. i.

1. To gain new supplies of anything wasted; to gain health, flesh, spirits, or the like; to recuperate; as, lean cattle recruit in fresh pastures.

2. To gain new supplies of men for military or other service; to raise or enlist new soldiers; to enlist troops.

Recruit

Re*cruit", n.

1. A supply of anything wasted or exhausted; a re\'89nforcement.

The state is to have recruits to its strength, and remedies to its distempers. Burke.

2. Specifically, a man enlisted for service in the army; a newly enlisted soldier.

Recruiter

Re*cruit"er, n. One who, or that which, recruits.

Recruitment

Re*cruit"ment (-ment), n. The act or process of recruiting; especially, the enlistment of men for an army.

Recrystallization

Re*crys`tal*li*za"tion (r?*kr?s`tal?*z?"sh?n), n. (Chem. & Min.) The process or recrystallizing.

Recrystallize

Re*crys"tal*lize (r?*kr?s"tal*l?z), v. i. & t. (Chem. & Min.) To crystallize again. Henry.

Rectal

Rec"tal (r?k"tal), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the rectum; in the region of the rectum.

Rectangle

Rec"tan`gle (r?k"t??`g'l), n. [F., fr. L. rectus right + angulus angle. See Right, and Angle.] (Geom.) A four-sided figure having only right angles; a right-angled parallelogram. &hand; As the area of a rectangle is expressed by the product of its two dimensions, the term rectangle is sometimes used for product; as, the rectangle of a and b, that is, ab.

Rectangle

Rec"tan`gle, a. Rectangular. [R.]

Rectangled

Rec"tan`gled (-g'ld), a. Rectangular. Hutton.

Rectangular

Rec*tan"gu*lar (r?k*t?n"g?*l?r), a. [CF. F. rectangulaire.] Right-angled; having one or more angles of ninety degrees. -- Rec*tan"gu*lar*ly (r, adv. -- Rec*tan"gu*lar*ness, n.

Rectangularity

Rec*tan`gu*lar"i*ty (-l?r"?*t?), n. The quality or condition of being rectangular, or right-angled.

Recti-

Rec"ti- (r?k"t?*). [L. rectus straight.] A combining form signifying straight; as, rectilineal, having straight lines; rectinerved.

Rectifiable

Rec"ti*fi`a*ble (r?k"t?*f?`?*b'l), a.

1. Capable of being rectified; as, a rectifiable mistake.


Page 1202

2. (Math.) Admitting, as a curve, of the construction of a straight l

Rectification

Rec`ti*fi*ca"tion (r?k`t?*f?*k?1sh?n), n. [Cf. F. rectification.]

1. The act or operation of rectifying; as, the rectification of an error; the rectification of spirits.

After the rectification of his views, he was incapable of compromise with profounder shapes of error. De Quincey.

2. (Geom.) The determination of a straight line whose length is equal a portion of a curve. Rectification of a globe (Astron.), its adjustment preparatory to the solution of a proposed problem.

Rectificator

Rec"ti*fi*ca`tor (r?k"t?*f?*k?`t?r), n. (Chem.) That which rectifies or refines; esp., a part of a distilling apparatus in which the more volatile portions are separated from the less volatile by the process of evaporation and condensation; a rectifier.

Rectifier

Rec"ti*fi`er (r?k"t?*f?`?r), n.

1. One who, or that which, rectifies.

2. Specifically: (a) (Naut.) An instrument used for determining and rectifying the variations of the compass on board ship. (b) (Chem.) A rectificator.<-- (Elec.) A device to convert alternating current to direct current. -->

Rectify

Rec"ti*fy (-f?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rectified (-f?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Rectifying (-f?`?ng).] [F. rectifier, LL. rectificare; L. rectus right + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Right, and -fy.]

1. To make or set right; to correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state; to amend; as, to rectify errors, mistakes, or abuses; to rectify the will, the judgment, opinions; to rectify disorders.

I meant to rectify my conscience. Shak.
This was an error of opinion which a conflicting opinion would have rectified. Burke.

2. (Chem.) To refine or purify by repeated distillation or sublimation, by which the fine parts of a substance are separated from the grosser; as, to rectify spirit of wine.

3. (Com.) To produce ( as factitious gin or brandy) by redistilling low wines or ardent spirits (whisky, rum, etc.), flavoring substances, etc., being added. <-- (Elec.) To convert (alternating current) to direct current. --> To rectify a globe, to adjust it in order to prepare for the solution of a proposed problem. Syn. -- To amend; emend; correct; better; mend; reform; redress; adjust; regulate; improve. See Amend.

Rectilineal -lnal, Rectilinear

Rec`ti*lin"e*al (-l?n"?*al), Rec`ti*lin"e*ar (-l?n"?*?r), a. [Recti- + lineal, linear.] Straight; consisting of a straight line or lines; bounded by straight lines; as, a rectineal angle; a rectilinear figure or course. -- Rec`ti*lin"e*al*ly, adv. -- Rec`ti*lin"e*ar*ly, adv.

Rectilinearity

Rec`ti*lin`e*ar"i*ty (-?r"?*t?), n. The quality or state of being rectilinear. Coleridge.

Rectilineous

Rec`ti*lin"e*ous (-?s), a. Rectilinear. [Obs.] Ray.

Rectinerved

Rec"ti*nerved` (r?k"t?*n?rrvd`), a. [Recti- + nerve.] (Bot.) Having the veins or nerves straight; -- said of leaves.

Rection

Rec"tion (r?k"sh?n), n. [L. rectio, fr. regere to rule or govern.] (Gram.) See Government, n., 7. Gibbs.

Rectirostral

Rec`ti*ros"tral (r?k`t?*r?s"tral), a. [Recti- + rostral.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a straight beak.

Rectiserial

Rec`ti*se"ri*al (-s?"r?*al), a. [Recti- + serial.] (Bot.) Arranged in exactly vertical ranks, as the leaves on stems of many kinds; -- opposed to curviserial.

Rectitis

Rec*ti"tis (r?k*t?"t?s), n. [NL. See Rectum, and -itis.] (Med.) Proctitis. Dunglison.

Rectitude

Rec"ti*tude (r?k"t?*t?d), n. [L. rectitudo, fr. rectus right, straight: cf. F. rectitude. See Right.]

1. Straightness. [R.] Johnson.

2. Rightness of principle or practice; exact conformity to truth, or to the rules prescribed for moral conduct, either by divine or human laws; uprightness of mind; uprightness; integrity; honesty; justice.

3. Right judgment. [R.] Sir G. C. Lewis. Syn. -- See Justice.

Recto-

Rec"to- (r?k"t?*). A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, the rectum; as, recto-vesical.

Recto

Rec"to, n. [Abbrev. fr. LL. breve de recto. See Right.] (Law) A writ of right.

Recto

Rec"to, n. [Cf. F. recto.] (Print.) The right-hand page; -- opposed to verso.

Rector

Rec"tor (r?k"t?r), n. [L., fr. regere, rectum, to lead straight, to rule: cf. F. recteur. See Regiment, Right.]

1. A ruler or governor.[R.]

God is the supreme rector of the world. Sir M. Hale.

2. (a) (Ch. of Eng.) A clergyman who has the charge and cure of a parish, and has the tithes, etc.; the clergyman of a parish where the tithes are not impropriate. See the Note under Vicar. Blackstone. (b) (Prot. Epis. Ch.) A clergyman in charge of a parish.

3. The head master of a public school. [Scot.]

4. The chief elective officer of some universities, as in France and Scotland; sometimes, the head of a college; as, the Rector of Exeter College, or of Lincoln College, at Oxford.

5. (R.C.CH.) The superior officer or chief of a convent or religious house; and among the Jesuits the superior of a house that is a seminary or college.

Rectoral

Rec"tor*al (-al), a. [CF. F. rectoral.] Pertaining to a rector or governor.

Rectorate

Rec"tor*ate (-?t), n. [LL. rectoratus: cf. F. rectorat.] The office, rank, or station of a rector; rectorship.

Rectoress

Rec"tor*ess, n.

1. A governess; a rectrix. Drayton.

2. The wife of a rector. Thackeray.

Rectorial

Rec*to"ri*al (r?k*t?"r?*al), a.Pertaining to a rector or a rectory; rectoral. Shipley.

Rectorship

Rec"tor*ship (r?k"t?r*sh?p), n.

1. Government; guidance. [Obs.] "The rectorship of judgment." Shak.

2. The office or rank of a rector; rectorate.

Rectory

Rec"to*ry (-t?*r?), n.; pl. Rectories (-r. [Cf. OF. rectorie or rectorerie, LL. rectoria.]

1. The province of a rector; a parish church, parsonage, or spiritual living, with all its rights, tithes, and glebes.

2. A rector's mansion; a parsonage house.

Recto-uterine

Rec`to-u"ter*ine (-?"t?r*?n or *?n), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the uterus.

Rectovaginal

Rec`to*vag"i*nal (r?k`t?*v?j"?*nal), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the vagina.

Recto-vesical

Rec`to-ves"i*cal (-v?s"?*kal), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the bladder.

Rectress

Rec"tress (r?k"tr?s), n. A rectoress. B. Jonson.

Rectrix

Rec"trix (-tr?ks), n.; pl. Rectrices (-tr. [L., fem. of rector.]

1. A governess; a rectoress.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the quill feathers of the tail of a bird.

Rectum

Rec"tum (-t?m), n. [NL. (sc. intestinum), fr. L. rectus straight. See Right.] (Anat.) The terminal part of the large intestine; -- so named because supposed by the old anatomists to be straight. See Illust. under Digestive.

Rectus

Rec"tus (-t?s), n.; pl. Recti (-t. [NL., fr. L. regere to keep straight.] (Anat.) A straight muscle; as, the recti of the eye.

Recubation

Rec`u*ba"tion (r?k`?*b?"sh?n), n. [L. recubare to lie upon the back.] Recumbence. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Recule

Re*cule" (r?*k?l"), v. i. To recoil. [Obs.] Spenser.

Recule rkl, Reculement

Re*cule" (r?*k?l"), Re*cule"ment (-ment), n. [F. reculement.] Recoil. [Obs.]

Recumb

Re*cumb" (-k?m"), v. i. [L. recumbere; pref. re- back + cumbere (in comp.), akin to cubare to lie down.] To lean; to recline; to repose. [Obs.] J. Allen (1761).

Recumbence

Re*cum"bence (r?*k?m"bens), n. The act of leaning, resting, or reclining; the state of being recumbent.

Recumbency

Re*cum"ben*cy (-ben*s?), n. Recumbence.

Recumbent

Re*cum"bent (-bet), a. [L. recumbens, -entis, p. pr. of recumbere. See Recumb, Incumbent.] Leaning; reclining; lying; as, the recumbent posture of the Romans at their meals. Hence, figuratively; Resting; inactive; idle. -- Re*cum"bent*ly, adv.

Recuperable

Re*cu"per*a*ble (r?*k?"p?r*?*b'l), a. [Cf.F. r\'82cup. See Recover.] Recoverable. Sir T. Elyot.

Recuperate

Re*cu"per*ate (-?t), v. i. [imp. &. p. p. Recuperated (-?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Recuperating.] [L.recuperatus,p.p. of recuperare. See Recover to get again.] To recover health; to regain strength; to convalesce.

Recuperate

Re*cu"per*ate, v. t. To recover; to regain; as, to recuperate the health or strength.

Recuperation

Re*cu`per*a"tion (-?`sh?n), n.. [L. recuperatio: cf. F. r\'82cup.] Recovery, as of anything lost, especially of the health or strength.

Recuperative -tv, Recuperatory

Re*cu"per*a*tive (-?*t?v), Re*cu"per*a*to*ry (-?*t?*r?), a. [L. recuperativus, recuperatorius.] Of or pertaining to recuperation; tending to recovery.

Recuperator

Re*cu"per*a`tor (r?*k?"pp?r*?`t?r), n. [Cf. L. recuperator a recoverer.] (Steel Manuf.) Same as Regenerator.

Recur

Re*cur" (r?*k?r"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Recurred (-k?rd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Recurring.] [L. recurrere; pref.re- re- + currere to run. See Current.]

1. To come back; to return again or repeatedly; to come again to mind.

When any word has been used to signify an idea, the old idea will recur in the mind when the word is heard. I. Watts.

2. To occur at a stated interval, or according to some regular rule; as, the fever will recur to-night.

3. To resort; to have recourse; to go for help.

If, to avoid succession in eternal existence, they recur to the "punctum stans" of the schools, they will thereby very little help us to a more positive idea of infinite duration. Locke.
Recurring decimal (Math.), a circulating decimal. See under Decimal. -- Recurring series (Math.), an algebraic series in which the coefficients of the several terms can be expressed by means of certain preceding coefficients and constants in one uniform manner.

Recure

Re*cure" (r?*k?r"), v. t. [Cf. Recover.]

1. To arrive at; to reach; to attain. [Obs.] Lydgate.

2. To recover; to regain; to repossess. [Obs.]

When their powers, impaired through labor long, With due repast, they had recured well. Spenser.

3. To restore, as from weariness, sickness; or the like; to repair.

In western waves his weary wagon did recure. Spenser.

4. To be a cure for; to remedy. [Obs.]

No medicine Might avail his sickness to recure. Lydgate.

Recure

Re*cure", n. Cure; remedy; recovery. [Obs.]
But whom he hite, without recure he dies. Fairfax.

Recureless

Re*cure"less, a. Incapable of cure. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Recurrence rkrrens, Recurrency

Re*cur"rence (r?*k?r"rens), Re*cur"ren*cy (-ren*s?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82currence.] The act of recurring, or state of being recurrent; return; resort; recourse.
I shall insensibly go on from a rare to a frequent recurrence to the dangerous preparations. I. Taylor.

Recurrent

Re*cur"rent (-rent), a. [L. recurrens, -entis, p. pr. of recurrere: cf.F. r\'82current. See Recur.]

1. Returning from time to time; recurring; as, recurrent pains.

2. (Anat.) Running back toward its origin; as, a recurrent nerve or artery. Recurrent fever. (Med.) See Relapsing fever, under Relapsing. -- Recurrent pulse (Physiol.), the pulse beat which appears (when the radial artery is compressed at the wrist) on the distal side of the point of pressure through the arteries of the palm of the hand. -- Recurrent sensibility (Physiol.), the sensibility manifested by the anterior, or motor, roots of the spinal cord (their stimulation causing pain) owing to the presence of sensory fibers from the corresponding sensory or posterior roots.

Recursant

Re*cur"sant (r?*k?r"sant), a. [L. recursans, -antis, p. pr. of recursare to run back, v. freq. of recurrere. See Recure.] (Her.) Displayed with the back toward the spectator; -- said especially of an eagle.

Recursion

Re*cur"sion (-sh?n), n. [L. recursio. See Recur.] The act of recurring; return. [Obs.] Boyle. <-- (Math.) The calculation of a mathematical expression (or a quantity) by repeating an operation on another expression which was derived by application of the same operation, on an expression which itself was the result of similar repeated applications of that same operation on prior results. The series of operations is terminated by specifying an initial or terminal condition. (Computers) A programming technique in which a function calls itself as a subfunction. Such calls may be repeated in series to arbitrary depth, provided that a terminating condition is given so that the final (deepest) call will return a value (rather than continue to recurse), which then permits the next higher call to return a value, and so forth, until the original call returns a value to the calling program. -->

Recurvate

Re*cur"vate (r?*k?r"v?t), a. [L. recurvatus, p. p. of recurvare. See Re-, and Curvate.] (Bot.) Recurved.

Recurvate

Re*cur"vate (-v?t), v. t. To bend or curve back; to recurve. Pennant.

Recurvation

Re`cur*va"tion (r?`k?r*v?"sh?n), n. The act of recurving, or the state of being recurved; a bending or flexure backward.

Recurve

Re*curve" (r?*k?rv"), v. t. To curve in an opposite or unusual direction; to bend back or down.

Recurved

Re*curved" (r?*k?rvd"), a. Curved in an opposite or uncommon direction; bent back; as, a bird with a recurved bill; flowers with recurved petals.

Recurviroster

Re*cur`vi*ros"ter (r?*k?r`v?*r?s"t?r), n. [L. recurvus bent back + rostrum beack; cf. F. r\'82curvirostre.] (Zool.) A bird whose beak bends upward, as the avocet.

Recurvirostral

Re*cur`vi*ros"tral (-tral), a. [See Recurviroster.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the beak bent upwards.

Recurvity

Re*cur"vi*ty (r?*k?r"v?*t?), n. Recurvation.

Recurvous

Re*cur"vous (-v?s), a. [L. recurvus; pref. re- re + curvus curved.] Recurved. Derham.

Recusancy

Re*cu"san*cy (r?*k?"zan*s? ∨ r?k"?-), n. The state of being recusant; nonconformity. Coke.

Recusant

Re*cu"sant (-zat; 277), a.[L. recusans, -antis, p.pr. of recure to refuse, to oject to; pref. re- re + causa a cause, pretext: cf. F. r\'82cusant. See Cause, and cf. Ruse.] Obstinate in refusal; specifically, in English history, refusing to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in the churc, or to conform to the established rites of the church; as, a recusant lord.
It stated him to have placed his son in the household of the Countess of Derby, a recusant papist. Sir W. Scott.

Recusant

Re*cu"sant, n.

1. One who is obstinate in refusal; one standing out stubbornly against general practice or opinion.

The last rebellious recusants among the European family of nations. De Quincey.

2. (Eng. Hist.) A person who refuses to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in matters of religion; as, a Roman Catholic recusant, who acknowledges the supremacy of the pope. Brande & C.

3. One who refuses communion with the Church of England; a nonconformist.

All that are recusants of holy rites. Holyday.

Reusation

Re`u*sa"tion (r?k`?*z?"sh?n), n. [L. recusatio: cf. F. r\'82cusation.]

1. Refusal. [Obs.]

2. (Old Law) The act of refusing a judge or challenging that he shall not try the cause, on account of his supposed partiality. Blackstone.

Recusative

Re*cu"sa*tive (r?*k?"z?*t?v), a. Refusing; denying; negative. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

Recuse

Re*cuse" (r?*k?z"), v. t. [F. r\'82cuser, or L. recusare. See Recusant.] (Law) To refuse or reject, as a judge; to challenge that the judge shall not try the cause. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.

Recussion

Re*cus"sion (r?*k?sh"?n), n. [L. recutire, recussum, to beat back; pref. re- re- + quatere to shake.] The act of beating or striking back.

Red

Red (r?d), obs. . imp. & p. p. of Read. Spenser.

Red

Red, v. t. To put on order; to make tidy; also, to free from entanglement or embarrassement; -- generally with up; as, to red up a house. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Red

Red, a. [Compar. Redder (-d?r); superl. Reddest.] [OE. red, reed, AS. re, re; akin to OS. r, OFries, r, D. rood, G. roht, rot, OHG. r, Dan. & Sw. r, Icel. rau, rj, Goth. r, W. rhudd, Armor. ruz, Ir. & Gael. ruadh, L. ruber, rufus, Gr. , Skr. rudhira, rohita; cf. L. rutilus. &root;113. Cr. Erysipelas, Rouge, Rubric, Ruby, Ruddy, Russet, Rust.] Of the color of blood, or of a tint resembling that color; of the hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar spectrum, which is furthest from the violet part. "Fresh flowers, white and reede." Chaucer.
Your color, I warrant you, is as red as any rose. Shak.
&hand; Red is a general term, including many different shades or hues, as scarlet, crimson, vermilion, orange red, and the like. &hand; Red is often used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, red-breasted, red-cheeked, red-faced, red-haired, red-headed, red-skinned, red-tailed, red-topped, red-whiskered, red-coasted. Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India.
Page 1203

-- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, ∨ Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ∨ Blackfordii) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.

Red

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.
> Red (r?d), n.

1. The color of blood, or of that part of the spectrum farthest from violet, or a tint resembling these. "Celestial rosy red, love's proper hue." Milton.

2. A red pigment.

3. (European Politics) An abbreviation for Red Republican. See under Red, a. [Cant]

4. pl. (Med.) The menses. Dunglison. <-- 5. Informal name for a Communist. --> English red, a pigment prepared by the Dutch, similar to Indian red. -- Hypericum red, a red resinous dyestuff extracted from Hypericum. -- Indian red. See under Indian, and Almagra.

Redact

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*dact" (r?*d?kt"), v. t. [L. redactus, p. p. of redigere; pref. red-, re-, again, back + agere to put in motion, to drive.] To reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter for publication); to edit.

R\'82dacteur

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> R\'82`dac`teur" (r&asl;`d&adot;k`t&etil;r"), n. [F.] See Redactor.

Redaction

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*dac"tion (r?*d?k"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82daction.] The act of redacting; work produced by redacting; a digest.

Redactor

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*dac"tor (-t?r), n. One who redacts; one who prepares matter for publication; an editor. Carlyle.

Redan

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*dan" (r?*d?n"), n. [F., for OF. redent a double notching or jagging, as in the teeth of a saw, fr. L. pref. re- re- + dens, dentis, a tooth. Cf. Redented.] [Written sometimes redent and redens.]

1. (Fort.) A work having two parapets whose faces unite so as to form a salient angle toward the enemy.

2. A step or vertical offset in a wall on uneven ground, to keep the parts level.

Redargue

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red*ar"gue (r?d*?r"g?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Redargued (-g?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Redarguing.] [L. redarguere; pref. red-, re- re- + arguere to accuse, charge with: cf. F. r\'82darguer.] To disprove; to refute; toconfute; to reprove; to convict. [Archaic]
How shall I . . . suffer that God should redargue me at doomsday, and the angels reproach my lukewarmness? Jer. Taylor.
Now this objection to the immediate cognition of external objects has, as far as I know, been redargued in three different ways. Sir W. Hamilton.

Redargution

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red`ar*gu"tion (r?d`?r*g?"sh?n), n. [L. redargutio.] The act of redarguing; refutation. [Obs. or R.] Bacon.

Redargutory

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red`ar*gu"to*ry (-t?*r?), a. Pertaining to, or containing, redargution; refutatory. [R.]

Redback

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"back` (r?d"b?k`), n. (Zo\'94l.) The dunlin. [U. S.]

Redbelly

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"bel`ly (-b?l`l?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The char.

Redbird

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"bird` (-b?rd`), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The cardinal bird. (b) The summer redbird (Piranga rubra). (c) The scarlet tanager. See Tanager.

Redbreast

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"breast` (-br?st`), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European robin. (b) The American robin. See Robin. (c) The knot, or red-breasted snipe; -- called also robin breast, and robin snipe. See Knot.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The long-eared pondfish. See Pondfish.

Redbud

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"bud` (-b?d`), n. (Bot.) A small ornamental leguminous tree of the American species of the genus Cercis. See Judas tree, under Judas.

Redcap

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"cap`, n.

1. (Zo\'94l) The European goldfinch.

2. A specter having long teeth, popularly supposed to haunt old castles in Scotland. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Redcoat

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"coat` (-k&omac;t`), n. One who wears a red coat; specifically, a red-coated British soldier.

Redde

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"de (-de), obs. imp. of Read, or Rede. Chaucer.

Redden

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"den (r?d"d'n), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reddened (-d'nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Reddening.] [From Red, a.] To make red or somewhat red; to give a red color to.

Redden

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"den, v. i. To grow or become red; to blush.
Appius reddens at each word you speak. Pope.
He no sooner saw that her eye glistened and her cheek reddened than his obstinacy was at once subbued. Sir W. SCott.

Reddendum

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red*den"dum (r?d*d?n"d?m), n. [Neut. of L. reddendus that must be given back or yielded, gerundive of reddere. See Reddition.] (Law) A clause in a deed by which some new thing is reserved out of what had been granted before; the clause by which rent is reserved in a lease. Cruise.

Reddish

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"dish (r?d"d?sh), a. Somewhat red; moderately red. -- Red"dish*ness, n.

Reddition

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red*di"tion (r?d*d?sh"?n), n.[L. redditio, fr. reddere to give back, to return: cf. F. reddition. See Render.]

1. Restoration: restitution: surrender. Howell.

2. Explanation; representation. [R.]

The reddition or application of the comparison. Chapman.

Redditive

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"di**tive (r?d"d?*t?v), a. [L. redditivus.] (Gram.) Answering to an interrogative or inquiry; conveying a reply; as, redditive words.

Reddle

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"dle (r?d"d'l), n. [From Red; cf. G. r. Cf. Ruddle.] (Min.) Red chalk. See under Chalk.

Reddour

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"dour (r?d"d?r), n. [F. raideur, fr. raide stiff.] Rigor; violence. [Obs.] Gower.

Rede

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Rede (r?d), v. t. [See Read, v. t.]

1. To advise or counsel. [Obs. or Scot.]

I rede that our host here shall begin. Chaucer.

2. To interpret; to explain. [Obs.]

My sweven [dream] rede aright. Chaucer.

Rede

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Rede, n. [See Read, n.]

1. Advice; counsel; suggestion. [Obs. or Scot.] Burns.

There was none other remedy ne reed. Chaucer.

2. A word or phrase; a motto; a proverb; a wise saw. [Obs.] "This rede is rife." Spenser.

Redeem

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*deem" (r?*d?m"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Redeemed. (-dp. pr. & vb. n.
Redeeming.] [F. r\'82dimer, L. redimere; pref. red-, re- re- + emere, emptum, to buy, originally, to take, cf. OIr. em (in comp.), Lith. imti. Cf. Assume, Consume, Exempt, Premium, Prompt, Ransom.]

1. To purchase back; to regain possession of by payment of a stipulated price; to repurchase.

If a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it is sold. Lev. xxv. 29.

2. Hence, specifically: (a) (Law) To recall, as an estate, or to regain, as mortgaged property, by paying what may be due by force of the mortgage. (b) (Com.) To regain by performing the obligation or condition stated; to discharge the obligation mentioned in, as a promissory note, bond, or other evidence of debt; as, to redeem bank notes with coin.

3. To ransom, liberate, or rescue from captivity or bondage, or from any obligation or liability to suffer or to be forfeited, by paying a price or ransom; to ransom; to rescue; to recover; as, to redeem a captive, a pledge, and the like.

Redeem Israel, O God, out of all his troubles. Ps. xxv. 22.
The Almighty from the grave Hath me redeemed. Sandys.

4. (Theol.) Hence, to rescue and deliver from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law.

Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us. Gal. iii. 13.

5. To make good by performing fully; to fulfill; as, to redeem one's promises.

I will redeem all this on Percy's head. Shak.

6. To pay the penalty of; to make amends for; to serve as an equivalent or offset for; to atone for; to compensate; as, to redeem an error.

Which of ye will be mortal, to redeem Man's mortal crime? Milton.
It is a chance which does redeem all sorrows. Shak.
To redeem the time, to make the best use of it.

Redeemability

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*deem`a*bil"i*ty (-?*b?l"?*t?), n. Redeemableness.

Redeemable

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*deem"a*ble (-?*b;l), a.

1. Capable of being redeemed; subject to repurchase; held under conditions permitting redemption; as, a pledge securing the payment of money is redeemable.

2. Subject to an obligation of redemtion; conditioned upon a promise of redemtion; payable; due; as, bonds, promissory notes, etc. , redeemabble in gold, or in current money, or four months after date.

Redeemableness

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*deem"a*ble*ness (r?*d?m"?*b'l*n?s), n. The quality or state of being redeemable; redeemability.

Redeemer

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*deem"er (r?*d?m"?r), n.

1. One who redeems.

2. Specifically, the Savior of the world, Jesus Christ.

Redeless

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Rede"less (r?d"l?s), a. Without rede or counsel. [Obs.]

Redeliberate

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*lib"er*ate (r?`d?*l?b"?r*?t), v. t. & i. To deliberate again; to reconsider.

Redeliver

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*liv"er (r?`d?*l?v"?r), v. t.

1. To deliver or give back; to return. Ay

2. To deliver or liberate a second time or again.

3. To report; to deliver the answer of. [R.] "Shall I redeliver you e'en so?" Shak.

Redeliverance

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*liv"er*ance (-ans), n. A second deliverance.

Redelivery

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*liv"er*y (-?), n.

1. Act of delivering back.

2. A second or new delivery or liberation.

Redemand

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*mand" (r?`d\'b5-m?nd"), v. t. [Pref. re- back, again + demand: cf. F. redemander.] To demand back; to demand again.

Redemand

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*mand", n. A demanding back; a second or renewed demand.

Redemise

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*mise" (-m?z"), v. t. To demise back; to convey or transfer back, as an estate.

Redemise

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*mise", n. (Law) The transfer of an estate back to the person who demised it; reconveyance; as, the demise and redemise of an estate. See under Demise.

Redemonstrate

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*dem"on*strate (r?*d?m"?n*str?t ∨ r?`d?*m?n"-str?t), v. t. To demonstrate again, or anew.
Every truth of morals must be redemonstrated in the experience of the individual man before he is capable of utilizing it as a constituent of character or a guide in action. Lowell.

Redemptible

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"ti*ble (r?*d?mp"t?*b'l), a. Redeemable.

Re-demption

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re-demp"tion (-sh?n), n. [F. r\'82demption, L. redemptio. See Redeem, and cf. Ransom.] The act of redeeming, or the state of being redeemed; repurchase; ransom; release; rescue; deliverance; as, the redemption of prisoners taken in war; the redemption of a ship and cargo. Specifically: (a) (Law) The liberation of an estate from a mortgage, or the taking back of property mortgaged, upon performance of the terms or conditions on which it was conveyed; also, the right of redeeming and re\'89ntering upon an estate mortgaged. See Equity of redemption, under Equity. (b) (Com.) Performance of the obligation stated in a note, bill, bond, or other evidence of debt, by making payment to the holder. (c) (Theol.) The procuring of God's favor by the sufferings and death of Christ; the ransom or deliverance of sinners from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law.
In whom we have redemption through his blood. Eph. i. 7.

Redemptionary

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"tion*a*ry (-?*r?), n. One who is, or may be, redeemed. [R.] Hakluyt.

Redemptioner

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"tion*er (-?r), n.

1. One who redeems himself, as from debt or servitude.

2. Formerly, one who, wishing to emigrate from Europe to America, sold his services for a stipulated time to pay the expenses of his passage.

Redemptionist

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"tion*ist, n. (R.C.Ch.) A monk of an order founded in 1197; -- so called because the order was especially devoted to the redemption of Christians held in captivity by the Mohammedans. Called also Trinitarian.

Redemptive

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"tive (-t?v), a.Serving or tending to redeem; redeeming; as, the redemptive work of Christ.

Redemptorist

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"tor*ist (-t?r*?st), n. [F. r\'82demptoriste, fr. L. redemptor redeemer, from redinere. See Redeem.] (R.C.Ch.) One of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, founded in Naples in 1732 by St. Alphonsus Maria de Liquori. It was introduced onto the United States in 1832 at Detroit. The Fathers of the Congregation devote themselves to preaching to the neglected, esp. in missions and retreats, and are forbidden by their rule to engage in the instruction of youth.

Redemptory

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"to*ry (-t?*r?), a. Paid for ransom; serving to redeem. "Hector's redemptory price." Chapman.

Redempture

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*demp"ture (-t?r; 135), n. Redemption. [Obs.]

Redented

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re*dent"ed (r?*d?nt"?d), a. [From OF. redent. See Redan.] Formed like the teeth of a saw; indented.

Redeposit

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*pos"it (r?`d?*p?z"?t), v. t. To deposit again.

Redescend

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Re`de*scend" (-s?nd"), v. i. [Pref. re- + descend: cf. F. redescendre.] To descend again. Howell.

Redeye

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"eye` (r?d"?`), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The rudd. (b) Same as Redfish. (d). (c) The goggle-eye, or fresh-water rock bass. [Local, U.S.] <-- (d) [Colloq.] A scheduled public conveyance, such as a train or airplane, which travels late at night or overnight. -->

Redfin

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"fin` (-f?n`), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small North American dace (Minnilus cornutus, or Notropis megalops). The male, in the breeding season, has bright red fins. Called also red dace, and shiner. Applied also to Notropis ardens, of the Mississippi valley.

Redfinch

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"finch` (-f&icr;nch`), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European linnet.

Redfish

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"fish` (r&ecr;d"f&icr;sh`), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The blueback salmon of the North Pacific; -- called also nerka. See Blueback. (b). (b) The rosefish. (c) A large California labroid food fish (Trochocopus pulcher); -- called also fathead. (d) The red bass, red drum, or drumfish. See the Note under Drumfish.

Red-gum

Red admiral (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atlanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. -- Red ant. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanquinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. -- Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral (b), under Kermes. -- Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber. Cray. -- Red bass. (Zo\'94l.) See Redfish (d). -- Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. -- Red beard (Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] -- Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood. Gray. -- Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism. -- Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] -- Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II. Brande & C. -- Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. -- Red bug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (P. apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks. (c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. -- Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood. (b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. 1203 -- Red chalk. See under Chalk. -- Red copper (Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. -- Red coral (Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. -- Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English. (b) The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. -- Red currant. (Bot.) See Currant. -- Red deer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti. (b) The Virginia deer. See Deer. -- Red duck (Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. -- Red ebony. (Bot.) See Grenadillo. -- Red empress (Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. -- Red fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and A. nobilis. -- Red fire. (Pyrotech.) See Blue fire, under Fire. -- Red flag. See under Flag. -- Red fox (Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. -- Red grouse (Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. -- Red gum, Red gum-tree (Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. -- Red hand (Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. -- Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> -- Red horse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b) See the Note under Drumfish. -- Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. -- Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite. -- Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. -- Red maggot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. -- Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite. -- Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. -- Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. -- Red mite. (Zo\'94l.) See Red spider, below. -- Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). -- Red mullet (Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. -- Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. -- Red perch (Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. -- Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus. -- Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. -- Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. -- Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] -- Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. -- Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders. -- Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone. -- Red scale (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. -- Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. -- Red snapper (Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutlanus aya ) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. -- Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. -- Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. -- Red spider (Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. -- Red squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. -- Red tape, the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.; hence, official formality and delay.<--excessive bureaucratic paperwork --> -- Red underwing (Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. -- Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine.> Red"-gum` (-g?m`), n. [OE. reed gounde; AS. re\'a0d red + gund matter, pus.]

1. (Med.) An eruption of red pimples upon the face, neck, and arms, in early infancy; tooth rash; strophulus. Good.

2. A name of rust on grain. See Rust.


Page 1204

Red-hand rdhnd, Red-handed

Red"-hand` (r?d"h?nd`), Red"-hand`ed (-h?nd`?d), a. ∨ adv. Having hands red with blood; in the very act, as if with red or bloody hands; -- said of a person taken in the act of homicide; hence, fresh from the commission of crime; as, he was taken red-hand or red-handed. <-- usu. caught red-handed -->

Redhead

Red"head` (-h?d`), n.

1. A person having red hair.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An American duck (Aythya Americana) highly esteemed as a game bird. It is closely allied to the canvasback, but is smaller and its head brighter red. Called also red-headed duck. American poachard, grayback, and fall duck. See Illust. under Poachard. (b) The red-headed woodpecker. See Woodpecker.

3. (Bot.) A kind of milkweed (Asclepias Curassavica) with red flowers. It is used in medicine.

Redhibition

Red`hi*bi"tion (r?d`h?*b?sh"?n), n. [L. redhibitio a taking back.] (Civil Law) The annulling of a sale, and the return by the buyer of the article sold, on account of some defect.

Redhibitory

Red*hib"i*to*ry (r?d*h?b"?*t?*r?), a. [L. redhibitorius.] (Civil Law) Of or pertaining to redhibition; as, a redhibitory action or fault.

Redhoop

Red"hoop` (r?d"h??p`), n. (Zo\'94l.) The male of the European bullfinch. [Prov. Eng.]

Redhorn

Red"horn` (-h?rn`), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of a tribe of butterflies (Fugacia) including the common yellow species and the cabbage butterflies. The antenn\'91 are usually red.

Red-hot

Red"-hot` (-h?t`), a. Red with heat; heated to redness; as, red-hot iron; red-hot balls. Hence, figuratively, excited; violent; as, a red-hot radical. Shak.

Redia

Re"di*a (r?"d?*?), n.; pl. L. Redi\'91 (-&emac;), E. Redias (-. [NL.; of uncertain origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A kind of larva, or nurse, which is prroduced within the sporocyst of certain trematodes by asexual generation. It in turn produces, in the same way, either another generation of redi\'91, or else cercari\'91 within its own body. Called also proscolex, and nurse. See Illustration in Appendix.

Redient

Re"di*ent (r?"d?-ent), a. [L. rediens, p. pr. of redire to return; pref. red- + ire to go.] Returning. [R.]

Redigest

Re`di*gest" (r?`d?*j?st"), v. t. To digest, or reduce to form, a second time. Kent.

Rediminish

Re`di*min"ish (-m?n"?sh), v. t. To diminish again.

Redingot Red"in*got (r?d"?n*g?t), n. [F., corrupted from E. reding coat.] A long plain double-breasted outside coat for women.

Redintegrate

Re*din"te*grate (r?*d?n"t?*gr?t), a. [L. redintegratus, p.p. of redintegrare to restore; pref. red-, re-, re- + integrare to make whole, to renew, fr. integer whole. See Integer.] Restored to wholeness or a perfect state; renewed. Bacon.

Redintegrate

Re*din"te*grate (-gr?t), v. t. To make whole again; a renew; to restore to integrity or soundness.
The English nation seems obliterated. What could redintegrate us again? Coleridge.

Redintegration

Re*din`te*gra"tion (-gr?"sh?n), n. [L. redintegratio.]

1. Restoration to a whole or sound state; renewal; renovation. Dr. H. More.

2. (Chem.) Restoration of a mixed body or matter to its former nature and state. [Achaic.] Coxe.

3. (Psychology) The law that objects which have been previously combined as part of a single mental state tend to recall or suggest one another; -- adopted by many philosophers to explain the phenomena of the association of ideas.

Redirect

Re`di*rect" (r?`d?*r?kt"), a. (Law) Applied to the examination of a witness, by the party calling him, after the cross-examination.

Redisburse

Re`dis*burse" (r?`d?s*b?rs"), v. t. To disburse anew; to give, or pay, back. Spenser.

Rediscover

Re`dis*cov"er (-k?v"?r), v. t. To discover again.

Redispose

Re`dis*pose" (-p?z"), v. t. To dispose anew or again; to readjust; to rearrange. A. Baxter.

Redisseize

Re`dis*seize" (-s?z"), v. t. (Law) To disseize anew, or a second time. [Written also redisseise.]

Redisseizin

Re`dis*sei"zin (-s?"z?n), n. (Law) A disseizin by one who once before was adjudged to have dassezed the same person of the same lands, etc.; also, a writ which lay in such a case. Blackstone.

Redisseizor

Re`dis*sei"zor (-z?r), n. (Law) One who redisseizes.

Redissolve

Re`dis*solve" (r?`d?z*z?lv"), v. t. To dissolve again.

Redistill

Re`dis*till" (r?`d?s*t?l"), v. t. To distill again.

Redistrainer

Re`dis*train"er (-tr?n"?r), n. One who distrains again.

Redistribute

Re`dis*trib"ute (-tr?b"?t), v. t. To distribute again. -- Re*dis`tri*bu"tion (-tr, n.

Redistrict

Re*dis"trict (-tr?kt), v. t. To divide into new districts.

Redition

Re*di"tion (r?*d?sh"?n), n. [L. reditio, fr. redire. See Redient.] Act of returning; return. [Obs.] Chapman.

Redivide

Re`di*vide" (r?`d?*v?d"), v. t. To divide anew.

Redleg rdlg, Redlegs

Red"leg` (r?d"l?g`), Red`legs` (-l?gz`), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The redshank. (b) The turnstone.

Red-letter

Red"-let`ter (-l?t`t?r), a. Of or pertaining to a red letter; marked by red letters. Red-letter day, a day that is fortunate or auspicious; -- so called in allusion to the custom of marking holy days, or saints' days, in the old calendars with red letters.

Redly

Red"ly, adv. In a red manner; with redness.

Redmouth

Red"mouth` (-mouth`), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus Diabasis, or H\'91mulon, of the Southern United States, having the inside of the mouth bright red. Called also flannelmouth, and grunt.

Redness

Red"ness, n. [AS. r. See Red.] The quality or state of being red; red color.

Redolence rdlens, Redolency

Red"o*lence (r?d"?*lens), Red"o*len*cy (-len*s?), n. The quality of being redolent; sweetness of scent; pleasant odor; fragrance.

Redolent

Red"o*lent (-lent), a. [L. redolens, -entis, p. pr. of redolere to emit a scent, diffuse an odor; pref. red-, re-, re- + olere to emit a smell. See Odor.] Diffusing odor or fragrance; spreading sweet scent; scented; odorous; smelling; -- usually followed by of. "Honey redolent of spring." Dryden. -- Red"o*lent*ly, adv.
Gales . . . redolent of joy and youth. Gray.

Redouble

Re*dou"ble (r?*d?b"'l), v. t. [Pref. re- + double: cf. F. redoubler. Cf. Reduplicate.] To double again or repeatedly; to increase by continued or repeated additions; to augment greatly; to multiply.
So they Doubly redoubled strokes upon the foe. Shak.
<-- v. t. 2. (Contract bridge) To bid a redouble. n. An optional bid made by the side currently holding the highest bid for the contract, after the opposing side has doubled. This bid increases the score for successfully making the contract, and increases the penalties for failing. The score or penalty depends on the number of tricks over or under the contract, according to a defined schedule, and depending on the vulnerability of the side attempting the contract. -->

Redouble

Re*dou"ble, v. i. To become greatly or repeatedly increased; to be multiplied; to be greatly augmented; as, the noise redoubles.

Redoubt

Re*doubt" (r?*dout"), n. [F. redoute, fem., It. ridotto, LL. reductus, literally, a retreat, from L. reductus drawn back, retired, p. p. of reducere to lead or draw back; cf. F. r\'82duit, also fr. LL. reductus. See Reduce, and cf. Reduct, R, Ridotto.] (Fort.) (a) A small, and usually a roughly constructed, fort or outwork of varying shape, commonly erected for a temporary purpose, and without flanking defenses, -- used esp. in fortifying tops of hills and passes, and positions in hostile territory. (b) In permanent works, an outwork placed within another outwork. See F and i in Illust. of Ravelin. [Written also redout.]

Redoubt

Re*doubt", v. t. [F. redouter, formerly also spelt redoubter; fr. L. pref. re- re- + dubitare to doubt, in LL., to fear. See Doubt.] To stand in dread of; to regard with fear; to dread. [R.]

Redoubtable

Re*doubt"a*ble (-?*b'l), a. [F. redoutable, formerly also spelt redoubtable.] Formidable; dread; terrible to foes; as, a redoubtable hero; hence, valiant; -- often in contempt or burlesque. [Written also redoutable.]

Redoubted

Re*doubt"ed, a. Formidable; dread. "Some redoubled knight." Spenser.
Lord regent, and redoubted Burgandy. Shak.

Redoubting

Re*doubt"ing, n. Reverence; honor. [Obs.]
In redoutyng of Mars and of his glory. Chaucer.

Redound

Re*dound" (r?*dound"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Redounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Redounding.] [F. redonder, L. redundare; pref. red-, re-, re- + undare to rise in waves or surges, fr. unda a wave. See Undulate, and cf. Redundant.]

1. To roll back, as a wave or flood; to be sent or driven back; to flow back, as a consequence or effect; to conduce; to contribute; to result.

The evil, soon Driven back, redounded as a flood on those From whom it sprung. Milton.
The honor done to our religion ultimately redounds to God, the author of it. Rogers.
both . . . will devour great quantities of paper, there will no small use redound from them to that manufacture. Addison.

2. To be in excess; to remain over and above; to be redundant; to overflow.

For every dram of honey therein found, A pound of gall doth over it redound. Spenser.

Redound

Re*dound", n.

1. The coming back, as of consequence or effect; result; return; requital.

We give you welcome; not without redound Of use and glory to yourselves ye come. Tennyson.

2. Rebound; reverberation. [R.] Codrington.

Redowa

Red"ow*a (r?d"?*?), n. [F., fr. Bohemian.] A Bohemian dance of two kinds, one in triple time, like a waltz, the other in two-four time, like a polka. The former is most in use.

Redpole

Red"pole` (r?d"p?l`), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Redpoll.

Redpoll

Red"poll` (-p?l`), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of small northern finches of the genus Acanthis (formerly \'92giothus), native of Europe and America. The adults have the crown red or rosy. The male of the most common species (A. linarius) has also the breast and rump rosy. Called also redpoll linnet. See Illust. under Linnet. (b) The common European linnet. (c) The American redpoll warbler (Dendroica palmarum).

Redraft

Re*draft" (r&emac;*dr&adot;ft"), v. t. To draft or draw anew.

Redraft

Re*draft", n.

1. A second draft or copy.

2. (Com.) A new bill of exchange which the holder of a protected bill draws on the drawer or indorsers, in order to recover the amount of the protested bill with costs and charges.

Redraw

Re*draw" (r?*dr?"), v. t. [imp. Redrew (-dr?");p. p. Redrawn (-dr\'b5n"); p. pr. & vb. n. Redrawing.] To draw again; to make a second draft or copy of; to redraft.

Redraw

Re*draw", v. i. (Com.) To draw a new bill of exchange, as the holder of a protested bill, on the drawer or indorsers.

Redress

Re*dress" (r?*dr?s"), v. t. [Pref. re- + dress.] To dress again.

Redress

Re*dress" (r?*dr?s"), v. t. [F. redresser to straighten; pref. re- re- + dresser to raise, arrange. See Dress.]

1. To put in order again; to set right; to emend; to revise. [R.]

The common profit could she redress. Chaucer.
In yonder spring of roses intermixed With myrtle, find what to redress till noon. Milton.
Your wish that I should redress a certain paper which you had prepared. A. Hamilton.

2. To set right, as a wrong; to repair, as an injury; to make amends for; to remedy; to relieve from.

Those wrongs, those bitter injuries, . . . I doubt not but with honor to redress. Shak.

3. To make amends or compensation to; to relieve of anything unjust or oppressive; to bestow relief upon. "'T is thine, O king! the afflicted to redress." Dryden.

Will Gaul or Muscovite redress ye? Byron.

Redress

Re*dress", n.

1. The act of redressing; a making right; reformation; correction; amendment. [R.]

Reformation of evil laws is commendable, but for us the more necessary is a speedy redress of ourselves. Hooker.

2. A setting right, as of wrong, injury, or opression; as, the redress of grievances; hence, relief; remedy; reparation; indemnification. Shak.

A few may complain without reason; but there is occasion for redress when the cry is universal. Davenant.

3. One who, or that which, gives relief; a redresser.

Fair majesty, the refuge and redress Of those whom fate pursues and wants oppress. Dryden.

Redressal

Re*dress"al (r?*dr?s"al), n. Redress.

Redresser

Re*dress"er (-?r), n. One who redresses.

Redressible

Re*dress"i*ble (-?*b'l), a. Such as may be redressed.

Redressive

Re*dress"ive (-?v), a. Tending to redress. Thomson.

Redressless

Re*dress"less, a. Not having redress; such as can not be redressed; irremediable. Sherwood.

Redressment

Re*dress"ment (-ment), n. [Cf. F. redressement.] The act of redressing; redress. Jefferson.

Red-riband

Red"-rib`and (r?d"r?b`and), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European red band fish, or fireflame. See Rend fish.

Redroot

Red"root` (r?d"r?t`), n. (Bot.) A name of several plants having red roots, as the New Jersey tea (see under Tea), the gromwell, the bloodroot, and the Lachnanthes tinctoria, an endogenous plant found in sandy swamps from Rhode Island to Florida.

Redsear

Red`sear" (r?d`s?r"), v. i. To be brittle when red-hot; to be red-short. Moxon.

Redshank

Red"shank` (r?d"sh?nk`), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common Old World limicoline bird (Totanus calidris), having the legs and feet pale red. The spotted redshank (T. fuscus) is larger, and has orange-red legs. Called also redshanks, redleg, and clee. (b) The fieldfare.

2. A bare-legged person; -- a contemptuous appellation formerly given to the Scotch Highlanders, in allusion to their bare legs. Spenser.

Red-short

Red"-short` (-sh?rt`), a. (Metal.) Hot-short; brittle when red-hot; -- said of certain kinds of iron. -- Red"-short`ness, n.

Redskin

Red"skin` (-sk?n`), n. A common appellation for a North American Indian; -- so called from the color of the skin. Cooper. <-- 2. (Football) A member of the Washington Redskins. -->

Redstart

Red"start` (-st?rt`), n. [Red + start tail.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small, handsome European singing bird (Ruticilla ph\'d2nicurus), allied to the nightingale; -- called also redtail, brantail, fireflirt, firetail. The black redstart is P.tithys. The name is also applied to several other species of Ruticilla amnd allied genera, native of India. (b) An American fly-catching warbler (Setophaga ruticilla). The male is black, with large patches of orange-red on the sides, wings, and tail. The female is olive, with yellow patches.

Redstreak

Red"streak` (-str?k`), n.

1. A kind of apple having the skin streaked with red and yellow, -- a favorite English cider apple. Mortimer.

2. Cider pressed from redstreak apples.

Redtail

Red"tail` (-t?l`), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The red-tailed hawk. (b) The European redstart.

Red-tailed

Red"-tailed` (-t?ld`), a. Having a red tail. Red-tailed hawk (Zo\'94l.), a large North American hawk (Buteo borealis). When adult its tail is chestnut red. Called also hen hawck, and red-tailed buzzard.

Red-tape

Red"-tape` (-t?p`), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, official formality. See Red tape, under Red, a.

Red-tapism

Red`-tap"ism (r?d`t?p"?z'm), n. Strict adherence to official formalities. J. C. Shairp.

Red-tapist

Red`-tap"ist, n. One who is tenacious of a strict adherence to official formalities. Ld. Lytton.

Redthroat

Red"throat` (r?d"thr?t`), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small Australian singing bird (Phyrrhol\'91mus brunneus). The upper parts are brown, the center of the throat red.

Redtop

Red"top` (-t?p`), n. (Bot.) A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called also English grass, and in some localities herd's grass. See Illustration in Appendix. The tall redtop is Triodia seslerioides.

Redub

Re*dub" (r?*d?b"), v. t. [F. radouber to refit or repair.] To refit; to repair, or make reparation for; hence, to repay or requite. [Obs.]
It shall be good that you redub that negligence. Wyatt.
God shall give power to redub it with some like requital to the French. Grafton.

Reduce

Re*duce" (r&esl;*d&umac;s"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reduced (-d&umac;st"),; p. pr. & vb. n. Reducing (-d&umac;"s&icr;ng).] [L. reducere, reductum; pref. red-. re-, re- + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf. Redoubt, n.]

1. To bring or lead back to any former place or condition. [Obs.]

And to his brother's house reduced his wife. Chapman.
The sheep must of necessity be scattered, unless the great Shephered of souls oppose, or some of his delegates reduce and direct us. Evelyn.

2. To bring to any inferior state, with respect to rank, size, quantity, quality, value, etc.; to diminish; to lower; to degrade; to impair; as, to reduce a sergeant to the ranks; to reduce a drawing; to reduce expenses; to reduce the intensity of heat. "An ancient but reduced family." Sir W. Scott.

Nothing so excellent but a man may fasten upon something belonging to it, to reduce it. Tillotson.
Having reduced Their foe to misery beneath their fears. Milton.
Hester Prynne was shocked at the condition to which she found the clergyman reduced. Hawthorne.

3. To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture; as, to reduce a province or a fort.


Page 1205

4. To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding, pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit, wood, or paper rags, to pulp.

It were but right And equal to reduce me to my dust. Milton.

5. To bring into a certain order, arrangement, classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in astronomy; to reduce language to rules.

6. (Arith.) (a) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into another without altering their value, or from one denomination into others of the same value; as, to reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to minutes, or minutes to days and hours. (b) To change the form of a quantity or expression without altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.

7. (Chem.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron; or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to oxidize.

8. (Med.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a fracture, or a hernia. Reduced iron (Chem.), metallic iron obtained through deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a current of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used the product is called also iron by hydrogen. -- To reduce an equation (Alg.), to bring the unknown quantity by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the other side, without destroying the equation. -- To reduce an expression (Alg.), to obtain an equivalent expression of simpler form. -- To reduce a square (Mil.), to reform the line or column from the square. Syn. -- To diminish; lessen; decrease; abate; shorten; curtail; impair; lower; subject; subdue; subjugate; conquer.

Reducement

Re*duce"ment (r?*d?s"ment), n. Reduction. Milton.

Reducent

Re*du"cent (r?*d?"sent), a. [L. reducens, p. pr. of reducere.] Tending to reduce. -- n. A reducent agent.

Reducer

Re*du"cer (-s?r), n. One who, or that which, reduces.

Reducible

Re*du"ci*ble (-s?*b'll), a. Capable of being reduced.

Reducibleness

Re*du"ci*ble*ness, n. Quality of being reducible.

Reducing

Re*du"cing (r?*d?"s?ng), a & n. from Reduce. Reducing furnace (Metal.), a furnace for reducing ores. -- Reducing pipe fitting, a pipe fitting, as a coupling, an elbow, a tee, etc., for connecting a large pipe with a smaller one. -- Reducing valve, a device for automatically maintaining a diminished pressure of steam, air, gas, etc., in a pipe, or other receiver, which is fed from a boiler or pipe in which the pressure is higher than is desired in the receiver.

Reduct

Re*duct" (r?*d?kt"), v. t.. [L.reductus, p. p. of reducere. See Reduce.] To reduce. [Obs.] W. Warde.

Reductibility

Re*duc`ti*bil"i*ty (r?*d?k`t?*b?l"?*t?), n. The quality of being reducible; reducibleness.

Reduction

Re*duc"tion (r?*d?k"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82duction, L. reductio. See Reduce.]

1. The act of reducing, or state of being reduced; conversion to a given state or condition; diminution; conquest; as, the reduction of a body to powder; the reduction of things to order; the reduction of the expenses of government; the reduction of a rebellious province.

2. (Arith. & Alq.) The act or process of reducing. See Reduce, v. t., 6. and To reduce an equation, To reduce an expression, under Reduce, v. t.

3. (Astron.) (a) The correction of observations for known errors of instruments, etc. (b) The preparation of the facts and measurements of observations in order to deduce a general result.

4. The process of making a copy of something, as a figure, design, or draught, on a smaller scale, preserving the proper proportions. Fairholt.

5. (Logic) The bringing of a syllogism in one of the so-called imperfect modes into a mode in the first figure.

6. (Chem. & Metal.) The act, process, or result of reducing; as, the reduction of iron from its ores; the reduction of aldehyde from alcohol.

7. (Med.) The operation of restoring a dislocated or fractured part to its former place. Reduction ascending (Arith.), the operation of changing numbers of a lower into others of a higher denomination, as cents to dollars. -- Reduction descending (Arith.), the operation of changing numbers of a higher into others of a lower denomination, as dollars to cents. Syn. -- Diminution; decrease; abatement; curtailment; subjugation; conquest; subjection.

Reductive

Re*duc"tive (-t?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82ductif.] Tending to reduce; having the power or effect of reducing. -- n. A reductive agent. Sir M. Hale.

Reductively

Re*duc"tive*ly, adv. By reduction; by consequence.

R\'82duit

R\'82`duit" (r?`dw?"), n. [F. See Redoubt, n. ] (Fort.) A central or retired work within any other work.

Redundance rdndans, Redundancy

Re*dun"dance (r?*d?n"dans), Re*dun"dan*cy (-dan*s?), n. [L. redundantia: cf. F. redondance.]

1. The quality or state of being redundant; superfluity; superabundance; excess.

2. That which is redundant or in excess; anything superfluous or superabundant.

Labor . . . throws off redundacies. Addison.

3. (Law) Surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains.

Redundant

Re*dun"dant (-dant), a. [L. redundans, -antis, p. pr. of redundare: cf. F. redondant. See Redound.]

1. Exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant; as, a redundant quantity of bile or food.

Notwithstanding the redundant oil in fishes, they do not increase fat so much as flesh. Arbuthnot.

2. Using more worrds or images than are necessary or useful; pleonastic.

Where an suthor is redundant, mark those paragraphs to be retrenched. I. Watts.
Syn. -- Superfluous; superabundant; excessive; exuberant; overflowing; plentiful; copious.

Redundantly

Re*dun"dant*ly (r?*d?n"dant*l?), adv. In a refundant manner.

Reduplicate

Re*du"pli*cate (r?*d?"pl?*k?t), a. [Pref. re- + duplicate: cf. L. reduplicatus. Cf. Redouble.]

1. Double; doubled; reduplicative; repeated.

2. (Bot.) Valvate with the margins curved outwardly; -- said of the

Reduplicate

Re*du"pli*cate (-k?t), v. t. [Cf. LL. reduplicare.]

1. To redouble; to multiply; to repeat.

2. (Gram.) To repeat the first letter or letters of (a word). See Reduplication,3.

Reduplication

Re*du`pli*ca"tion (-k?sh?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82duplication, L. reduplicatio repetition.]

1. The act of doubling, or the state of being doubled.

2. (Pros.) A figure in which the first word of a verse is the same as the last word of the preceding verse.

3. (Philol.) The doubling of a stem or syllable (more or less modified), with the effect of changing the time expressed, intensifying the meaning, or making the word more imitative; also, the syllable thus added; as, L. tetuli; poposci.

Reduplica-tive

Re*du"pli*ca-tive (-k?*t?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82duplicatif.] Double; formed by reduplication; reduplicate. I. Watts.

Reduvid

Red"u*vid (r?d"?*v?d), n. [L. reduvia a hangnail.] (Zo\'94l.) Any hemipterous insect of the genus Redivius, or family Reduvid\'91. They live by sucking the blood of other insects, and some species also attack man.

Redweed

Red"weed` (r&ecr;d"w&emac;d`), n. (Bot.) The red poppy (Papaver Rh\'d2as
). Dr. Prior.

Redwing

Red"wing` (-w?ng`), n. (Zo\'94l.) A European thrush (Turdus iliacus). Its under wing coverts are orange red. Called also redwinged thrush. (b) A North American passerine bird (Agelarius ph&oe;niceus) of the family Icterid\'91. The male is black, with a conspicuous patch of bright red, bordered with orange, on each wing. Called also redwinged blackbird, red-winged troupial, marsh blackbird, and swamp blackbird.

Redwithe

Red"withe` (r?d"w?th`), n. (Bot.) A west Indian climbing shrub (Combretum Jacquini) with slender reddish branchlets.

Redwood

Red"wood` (-w&oocr;d`), n. (Bot.) (a) A gigantic coniferous tree (Sequoia sempervirens) of California, and its light and durable reddish timber. See Sequoia. (b) An East Indian dyewood, obtained from Pterocarpus santalinus, C\'91salpinia Sappan, and several other trees. &hand; The redwood of Andaman is Pterocarpus dalbergioides; that of some parts of tropical America, several species of Erythoxylum; that of Brazil, the species of Humirium.

Ree

Ree (r&emac;), n. [Pg. real, pl. reis. See Real the money.] See Rei.

Ree

Ree, v. t. [Cf. Prov. G. r, raden, raiten. Cf. Riddle a sieve.] To riddle; to sift; to separate or throw off. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Mortimer.

Reebok

Ree"bok` (r?"b?k`), n. [D., literally, roebuck.] (Zo\'94l.) The peele. [Written also rehboc and rheeboc.]

Re Re* (r?*?k"?), v. t. To echo back; to reverberate again; as, the hills re\'89cho the roar of cannon.

Re\'89cho

Re*\'89ch"o, v. i. To give echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to be resonant.
And a loud groan re\'89choes from the main. Pope.

Re\'89cho

Re*\'89ch"o, n. The echo of an echo; a repeated or second echo.

Reechy

Reech"y (r?ch"?), a. [See Reeky.] Smoky; reeky; hence, begrimed with dirt. [Obs.]

Reed

Reed (r?d), a. Red. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reed

Reed, v. & n. Same as Rede. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reed

Reed, n. The fourth stomach of a ruminant; rennet. [Prov. Eng. or Scot.]

Reed

Reed, n. [AS. hre; akin to D. riet, G. riet, ried, OHG. kriot, riot.]

1. (Bot.) A name given to many tall and coarse grasses or grasslike plants, and their slender, often jointed, stems, such as the various kinds of bamboo, and especially the common reed of Europe and North America (Phragmites communis).

2. A musical instrument made of the hollow joint of some plant; a rustic or pastoral pipe.

Arcadian pipe, the pastoral reed Of Hermes. Milton.

3. An arrow, as made of a reed. Prior.

4. Straw prepared for thatching a roof. [Prov. Eng.]

5. (Mus.) (a) A small piece of cane or wood attached to the mouthpiece of certain instruments, and set in vibration by the breath. In the clarinet it is a single fiat reed; in the oboe and bassoon it is double, forming a compressed tube. (b) One of the thin pieces of metal, the vibration of which produce the tones of a melodeon, accordeon, harmonium, or seraphine; also attached to certain sets or registers of pipes in an organ.

6. (Weaving) A frame having parallel flat stripe of metal or reed, between which the warp threads pass, set in the swinging lathe or batten of a loom for beating up the weft; a sley. See Batten.

7. (Mining) A tube containing the train of powder for igniting the charge in blasting.

8. (Arch.) Same as Reeding. Egyptian reed (Bot.), the papyrus. -- Free reed (Mus.), a reed whose edges do not overlap the wind passage, -- used in the harmonium, concertina, etc. It is distinguished from the beating or striking reed of the organ and clarinet. -- Meadow reed grass (Bot.), the Glyceria aquatica, a tall grass found in wet places. -- Reed babbler. See Reedbird. -- Reed bunting (Zo\'94l.) A European sparrow (Emberiza sch&oe;niclus) which frequents marshy places; -- called also reed sparrow, ring bunting. (b) Reedling. -- Reed canary grass (Bot.), a tall wild grass (Phalaris arundinacea). -- Reed grass. (Bot.) (a) The common reed. See Reed, 1. (b) A plant of the genus Sparganium; bur reed. See under Bur. -- Reed organ (Mus.), an organ in which the wind acts on a set of free reeds, as the harmonium, melodeon, concertina, etc. -- Reed pipe (Mus.), a pipe of an organ furnished with a reed. -- Reed sparrow. (Zo\'94l.) See Reed bunting, above. -- Reed stop (Mus.), a set of pipes in an organ furnished with reeds. -- Reed warbler. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small European warbler (Acrocephalus streperus); -- called also reed wren. (b) Any one of several species of Indian and Australian warblers of the genera Acrocephalus, Calamoherpe, and Arundinax. They are excellent singers. -- Sea-sand reed (Bot.), a kind of coarse grass (Ammophila arundinacea). See Beach grass, under Beach. -- Wood reed grass (Bot.), a tall, elegant grass (Cinna arundinacea), common in moist woods.

Reedbird

Reed"bird` (r?d"b?rd`), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The bobolink. (b) One of several small Asiatic singing birds of the genera Sch&oe;nicola and Eurycercus; -- called also reed babbler.

Reedbuck

Reed"buck" (-b?k`), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Rietboc.

Reeded

Reed"ed, a.

1. Civered with reeds; reedy. Tusser.

2. Formed with channels and ridges like reeds.

Reeden

Reed"en (r?d"'n), a. Consisting of a reed or reeds.
Through reeden pipes convey the golden flood. Dryden.

Re\'89dification

Re*\'89d`i*fi*ca"tion (r?*?d`?*f?*k?"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82\'82dification. See Re\'89dify.] The act re\'89difying; the state of being re\'89dified.

Re\'89dify

Re*\'89d"i*fy (r?*?d"?*ff?), v. t. [Pref. re- + edify: cf. F. r\'82\'82difier, L. reaedificare.] To edify anew; to build again after destruction. [R.] Milton.

Reeding

Reed"ing (r?d"?ng), n. [From 4th Reed.]

1. (Arch.) A small convex molding; a reed (see Illust. (i) of Molding); one of several set close together to decorate a surface; also, decoration by means of reedings; -- the reverse of fluting. &hand; Several reedings are often placed together, parallel to each other, either projecting from, or inserted into, the adjining surface. The decoration so produced is then called, in general, reeding.

2. The nurling on the edge of a coin; -- commonly called milling.

Reedless

Reed"less, a. Destitute of reeds; as, reedless banks.

Reedling

Reed"ling (-l?ng), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European bearded titmouse (Panurus biarmicus); -- called also reed bunting, bearded pinnock, and lesser butcher bird. &hand; It is orange brown, marked with black, white, and yellow on the wings. The male has a tuft of black feathers on each side of the face.

Reed-mace

Reed"-mace` (-m?s`), n. (Bot.) The cat-tail.

Reedwork

Reed"work` (-w?rk`), n. (Mus.) A collective name for the reed stops of an organ.

Reedy

Reed"y (-?), a.

1. Abounding with reeds; covered with reeds. "A reedy pool." Thomson .

2. Having the quality of reed in tone, that is,

Reef

Reef (r?f), n. [Akin to D. rif, G. riff, Icel. rif, Dan. rev; cf. Icel. rifa rift, rent, fissure, rifa to rive, bear. Cf. Rift, Rive.]

1. A chain or range of rocks lying at or near the surface of the water. See Coral reefs, under Coral.

2. (Mining.) A large vein of auriferous quartz; -- so called in Australia. Hence, any body of rock yielding valuable ore. Reef builder (Zo\'94l.), any stony coral which contributes material to the formation of coral reefs. -- Reef heron (Zo\'94l.), any heron of the genus Demigretta; as, the blue reef heron (D.jugularis) of Australia.

Reef

Reef, n. [Akin to D. reef, G. reff, Sw. ref; cf. Icel. rif reef, rifa to basten together. Cf. Reeve, v. t., River.] (Naut.) That part of a sail which is taken in or let out by means of the reef points, in order to adapt the size of the sail to the force of the wind. &hand; From the head to the first reef-band, in square sails, is termed the first reef; from this to the next is the second reef; and so on. In fore-and-aft sails, which reef on the foot, the first reef is the lowest part. Totten. Close reef, the last reef that can be put in. -- Reef band. See Reef-band in the Vocabulary. -- Reef knot, the knot which is used in tying reef pointss. See Illust. under Knot. -- Reef line, a small rope formerly used to reef the courses by being passed spirally round the yard and through the holes of the reef. Totten. -- Reef pioints, pieces of small rope passing through the eyelet holes of a reef-band, and used reefing the sail. -- Reef tackle, a tackle by which the reef cringles, or rings, of a sail are hauled up to the yard for reefing. Totten. -- To take a reef in, to reduce the size of (a sail) by folding or rolling up a reef, and lashing it to the spar.

Reef

Reef, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reefed (r\'c7ft); p. pr. & vb. n. Reefing.] (Naut.) To reduce the extent of (as a sail) by roiling or folding a certain portion of it and making it fast to the yard or spar. Totten. To reef the paddles, to move the floats of a paddle wheel toward its center so that they will not dip so deeply.
Page 1206

Reef-band

Reef"-band` (r?f"b?nd`), n. (Naut.) A piece of canvas sewed across a sail to strengthen it in the part where the eyelet holes for reefing are made. Totten.

Reefer

Reef"er (-?r), n.

1. (Naut.) One who reefs; -- a name often given to midshipmen. Marryat.

2. A close-fitting lacket or short coat of thick cloth. <-- 3. A marijuana cigarette [Slang]. -->

Reefing

Reef"ing, n. (Naut.) The process of taking in a reef. Reefing bowsprit, a bowsprit so rigged that it can easily be run in or shortened by sliding inboard, as in cutters.

Reefy

Reef"y (-?), a. Full of reefs or rocks.

Reek

Reek (r&emac;k), n. A rick. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Reek

Reek, n. [AS. r; akin to OFries. r, LG. & D. rook, G. rauch, OHG. rouh, Dan. rr, Icel. reykr, and to AS. re to reek, smoke, Icel. rj, G. riechen to smell.] Vapor; steam; smoke; fume.
As hateful to me as the reek of a limekiln. Shak.

Reek

Reek, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Reeked (r?kt); p. pr. & vb. n. Reeking.] [As. r. See Reek vapor..] To emit vapor, usually that which is warm and moist; to be full of fumes; to steam; to smoke; to exhale.
Few chimneys reeking you shall espy. Spenser.
I found me laid In balmy sweat, which with his beams the sun Soon dried, and on the reeking moisture fed. Milton.
The coffee rooms reeked with tobacco. Macualay.

Reeky

Reek"y (-?), a. [From 2d Reek; cf. Reechy.]

1. Soiled with smoke or steam; smoky; foul. Shak.

2. Emitting reek. "Reeky fen." Sir W. Scott.

Reel

Reel (r?l), n. [Gael. righil.] A lively dance of the Highlanders of Scotland; also, the music to the dance; -- often called Scotch reel. Virginia reel, the common name throughout the United States for the old English "country dance," or contradance (contredanse). Bartlett.

Reel

Reel, n. [AS. kre: cf. Icel. kr a weaver's reed or sley.]

1. A frame with radial arms, or a kind of spool, turning on an axis, on which yarn, threads, lines, or the like, are wound; as, a log reel, used by seamen; an angler's reel; a garden reel.

2. A machine on which yarn is wound and measured into lays and hanks, -- for cotton or linen it is fifty-four inches in circuit; for worsted, thirty inches. McElrath.

3. (Agric.) A device consisting of radial arms with horizontal stats, connected with a harvesting machine, for holding the stalks of grain in position to be cut by the knives. Reel oven, a baker's oven in which bread pans hang suspended from the arms of a kind of reel revolving on a horizontal axis. Knight.

Reel

Reel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reeled (r?ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Reeling. ]

1. To roll. [Obs.]

And Sisyphus an huge round stone did reel. Spenser.

2. To wind upon a reel, as yarn or thread.

Reel

Reel, v. i. [Cf. Sw. ragla. See 2d Reel.]

1. To incline, in walking, from one side to the other; to stagger.

They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man. Ps. cvii. 27.
He, with heavy fumes oppressed, Reeled from the palace, and retired to rest. Pope.
The wagons reeling under the yellow sheaves. Macualay.

2. To have a whirling sensation; to be giddy.

In these lengthened vigils his brain often reeled. Hawthorne.

Reel

Reel, n. The act or motion of reeling or staggering; as, a drunken reel. Shak.

Re\'89lect

Re`\'89*lect" (r?`?*l?kt"), v. t. To elect again; as, to re\'89lect the former governor.

Re\'89lection

Re`\'89*lec"tion (-l?k"sh?n), n. Election a second time, or anew; as, the re\'89lection of a former chief.

Reeler

Reel"er (r?l"?r), n.

1. One who reels.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The grasshopper warbler; -- so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.]

Re\'89ligible

Re*\'89l"i*gi*ble (r?*?l"?*b'l), a. Eligble again; capable of re\'89lection; as, re\'89ligible to the same office. -- Re*\'89l`i*gi*bil"i*ty (r, n.

Reem

Reem (r?m), n. [Heb.] (Zo\'94l.) The Hebrew name of a horned wild animal, probably the Urus. &hand; In King James's Version it is called unicorn; in the Revised Version,wild ox. Job xxxix. 9.

Reem

Reem, v. t. [Cf. Ream to make a hole in.] (Naut.) To open (the seams of a vessel's planking) for the purpose of calking them. Reeming iron (Naut.), an iron chisel for reeming the seams of planks in calking ships.

Re\'89mbark

Re`\'89m*bark" (r?`?m*b?rk"), v. t. & i. To put, or go, on board a vessel again; to embark again.

Re\'89mbarkation

Re*\'89m`bar*ka"tion (r?*?m`b?r*k?"sh?n), n. A putting, or going, on board a vessel again.

Re\'89mbody

Re`\'89m*bod"y (r?`?m*b?d"?), v. t. To embody again.

Re\'89mbrace

Re`\'89m*brace" (-br?s"), v. i. To embrace again.

Re\'89merge

Re`\'89*merge" (r?`?*m?rj"), v. i. To emerge again.

Re\'89mergence

Re`\'89*mer"gence (-m?r"jens), n. Act of re

Re\'89nact

Re`\'89n*act" (r?`?n*?kt") v. t. To enact again.

Re\'89naction

Re`\'89n*ac"tion (-?k"sh?n), n. The act of re

Re\'89nacment

Re`\'89n*ac"ment (-?kt"ment), n. The enacting or passing of a law a second time; the renewal of a law.

Re\'89ncourage

Re`\'89n*cour"age (-k?r"?j;), v. t. To encourage again.

Re\'89ndow

Re`\'89n*dow" (-dou"), v. t. To endow again.

Re\'89nforce

Re`\'89n*force" (-f?rs") v. t. [Pref. re- + enforce: cf. F. renforcer.] To strengthen with new force, assistance, material, or support; as, to re\'89nforce an argument; to re\'89nforce a garment; especially, to strengthen with additional troops, as an army or a fort, or with additional ships, as a fleet. [Written also reinforce.]

Re\'89nforce

Re`\'89n*force", n. [See Re\'89nforce, v., and cf. Ranforce, Reinforce.] Something which re\'89nforces or strengthens. Specifically: (a) That part of a cannon near the breech which is thicker than the rest of the piece, so as better to resist the force of the exploding powder. See Illust. of Cannon. (b) An additional thickness of canvas, cloth, or the like, around an eyelet, buttonhole, etc.

Re\'89nforcement

Re`\'89n*force"ment (r?`?n*f?rs"ment), n.

1. The act of re\'89nforcing, or the state of being re\'89nforced.

2. That which re\'89nforces; additional force; especially, additional troops or force to augment the strength of any army, or ships to strengthen a navy or fleet.

Re\'89ngage

Re`\'89n*gage" (-g?j), v. t. & i. To engage a second time or again.

Re\'89ngagement

Re`\'89n*gage"ment (-ment), n. A renewed or repeated engagement.

Re\'89ngrave

Re`\'89n*grave" (-gr?v"), v. t. To engrave anew.

Re\'89njoy

Re`\'89n*joy" (-joi"), v. i. To enjoi anew. Pope.

Re\'89njoyment

Re`\'89n*joy"ment (-ment), n. Renewed enjoiment.

Re\'89nkindle

Re`\'89n*kin"dle (-k?n"d'l), v. t. To enkindle again.

Re\'89nlist

Re`\'89n*list" (-l?st"), v. t. & i. To enlist again.

Re\'89nlistment

Re`\'89n*list"ment (-ment), n. A renewed enlistment.

Re\'89nslave

Re`\'89n*slave" (-sl?v") v. t. To enslave again.

Re\'89nter

Re*\'89n"ter (r?*?n"t?r), v. t.

1. To enter again.

2. (Engraving) To cut deeper, as engraved lines on a plate of metal, when the engraving has not been deep enough, or the plate has become worn in printing.

Re\'89nter

Re*\'89n"ter, v. i. To enter anew or again. Re\'89ntering angle, an angle of a polygon pointing inward, as a, in the cut. -- Re\'89ntering polygon, a polygon having one or more re\'89ntering angles.

Re\'89ntering

Re*\'89n"ter*ing, n. (Calico Printing.) The process of applying additional colors, by applications of printing blocks, to patterns already partly colored.

Re\'89nthrone

Re`\'89n*throne" (-thr?n"), v. t. To enthrone again; to replace on a throne.

Re\'89nthronement

Re`\'89n*throne"ment (-ment), n. A second enthroning.

Re\'89ntrance

Re*\'89n"trance (r?*?n"trans), n. The act entereing again; re Hooker.

Re\'89ntrant

Re*\'89n"trant (-trant), a. Re\'89ntering; pointing or directed inwardds; as, a re angle.

Re\'89ntry

Re*\'89n"try (-tr?), n.

1. A second or new entry; as, a re\'89ntry into public life.

2. (Law) A resuming or retaking possession of what one has lately foregone; -- applied especially to land; the entry by a lessor upon the premises leased, on failure of the tenant to pay rent or perform the covenants in the lease. Burrill. Card of re\'89try, (Whist), a card that by winning a trick will bring one the lead at an advanced period of the hand.

Re\'89rect

Re`\'89*rect" (r?`?*r?kt"), v. t. To erect again.

Reermouse

Reer"mouse` (r?r"mous`), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Rearmouse.

Re\'89stablish

Re`\'89s*tab"lish (r?`?s*t?b"l?sh), v. t. To establish anew; to fix or confirm again; to restore; as, to re\'89stablish a covenant; to re\'89stablish health.

Re\'89stablisher

Re`\'89s*tab"lish*er (-?r), n. One who establishes again.

Re\'89stablishment

Re`\'89s*tab"lish*ment (-mnt), n. The act re\'89stablishing; the state of being re\'89stablished. Addison.

Re\'89state

Re`\'89s*tate" (-t?t), v. t. To re\'89stablish. [Obs.] Walis.

Reeve

Reeve (r?v), n. (Zo\'94l.) The female of the ruff.

Reeve

Reeve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rove (r?v); p. pr. & vb. n. Reeving.] [Cf. D. reven. See Reef, n. & v. t.] (Naut.) To pass, as the end of a pope, through any hole in a block, thimble, cleat, ringbolt, cringle, or the like.

Reeve

Reeve, n. [OE. reve, AS. ger. Cf. Sheriff.] an officer, steward, bailiff, or governor; -- used chiefly in compounds; as, shirereeve, now written sheriff; portreeve, etc. Chaucer. Piers Plowman.

Re\'89xaminable

Re`\'89x*am"i*na*ble (r?`?gz*?m"?*n?*b'l), a. Admitting of being re\'89xamined or reconsidered. Story.

Re\'89xamination

Re`\'89x*am`i*na"tion (-?*n?"sh?n), n. A repeated examination. See under Examination.

Re\'89xamine

Re`\'89x*am"ine (--?n), v. t. To examine anew. Hooker.

Re\'89xchange

Re`\'89x*change" (r?`?ks*ch?nj"), v. t.To exchange anew; to reverse (a previous exchange).

Re\'89xchange

Re`\'89x*change" n.

1. A renewed exchange; a reversal of an exchange.

2. (Com.) The expense chargeable on a bill of exchange or draft which has been dishonored in a foreign country, and returned to the country in which it was made or indorsed, and then taken up. Bouvier.

The rate of re\'89xchange is regulated with respect to the drawer, at the course of exchange between the place where the bill of exchange was payable, and the place where it was drawn. Re\'89xchange can not be cumulated. Walsh.

Re\'89xhibit

Re`\'89x*hib"it (r?`?gz*?b"?t ∨ -?ks*h?b"?t) v. t. To exhibit again.

Re\'89xpel

Re`\'89x*pel" (r?`?ks*p?l"), v. t. To expel again.

Re\'89xperience

Re`\'89x*pe"ri*ence (-p?`r?-ens), n. A renewed or repeated experience.

Re\'89xport

Re`\'89x*port" (-p?rt"), v. t. To export again, as what has been imported.

Re\'89xport

Re*\'89x"port (r?*?ks"p?rt), n/ Any commodity re\'89xported; -- chiefly in the ptural.

Re\'89xportation

Re*\'89x`por*ta"tion (-p?r*t?"sh?n), n. The act of re\'89xporting, or of exporting an import. A. Smith.

\'89xpulsion

`\'89x*pul"sion (r?`?ks*p?l"sh?n), n. Renewed or repeated expulsion. Fuller.

Reezed

Reezed (r?zd), a. Grown rank; rancid; rusty. [Obs.] "Reezed bacon." Marston.

Refaction

Re*fac"tion (r?*f?k"sh?n), n. [See Refection.] Recompense; atonemet; retribution. [Obs.] Howell.

Refar

Re*far" (r?*f?r"), v. t. [Cf. F. refaire to do over again.] To go over again; to repeat. [Obs.]
To him therefore this wonder done refar. Fairfax.

Refashion

Re*fash"ion (r?*f?sh"?n), v. t. To fashion anew; to form or mold into shape a second time. MacKnight.

Refashionment

Re*fash"ion*ment (-ment), n. The act of refashioning, or the state of being refashioned. [R.] Leigh Hunt.

Refasten

Re*fas"ten (r?*f?s"'n), v. t. To fasten again.

Refect

Re*fect" (r?*f?kt), v. t. [L. refectus, p. p. of reficere; pref. re- re- + facere to make.] To restore after hunger or fatique; to refresh. [Archaic] Sir T. Browne.

Refection

Re*fec"tion (r?*f?k"sh?n), n. [L. refectio: cf. F. r\'82fection. See Refect, Fact.] Refreshment after hunger or fatique; a repast; a lunch.
[His] feeble spirit inly felt refection. Spenser.
Those Attic nights, and those refections of the gods. Curran.

Refective

Re*fec"tive (r?*f?k"t?v), a. Refreshing; restoring.

Refective

Re*fec"tive, n. That which refreshes.

Refectory

Re*fec"to*ry (-t?*r?), n.; pl.; Refectories (-r. [LL. refectorium: cf. F. r\'82fectoire. See Refection.] A room for refreshment; originally, a dining hall in monasteries or convents. &hand; Sometimes pronounced r, especially when signifying the eating room in monasteries.

Refel

Re*fel" (r?*f?l"), v. t. [L. refellere; pref. re- re- + fallere to deceive.] To refute; to disprove; as, to refel the tricks of a sophister. [Obs.]
How he refelled me, and how I replied. Shak.

Refer

Re*fer" (r?*f?r"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Referred (-f?rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Referring.] [F. r\'82f\'82rer, L. referre; pref. re- re- + ferre to bear. See Bear to carry.]

1. To carry or send back. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Hence: To send or direct away; to send or direct elsewhere, as for treatment, aid, infirmation, decision, etc.; to make over, or pass over, to another; as, to refer a student to an author; to refer a beggar to an officer; to refer a bill to a committee; a court refers a matter of fact to a commissioner for investigation, or refers a question of law to a superior tribunal.

3. To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation; as, he referred the phenomena to electrical disturbances. To refer one's self, to have recourse; to betake one's self; to make application; to appeal. [Obs.]

I'll refer me to all things sense. Shak.

Refer

Re*fer", v. i.

1. To have recourse; to apply; to appeal; to betake one's self; as, to refer to a dictionary.

In suits . . . it is to refer to some friend of trust. Bacon.

2. To have relation or reference; to relate; to point; as, the figure refers to a footnote.

Of those places that refer to the shutting and opening the abyss, I take notice of that in Job. Bp. Burnet.

3. To carry the mind or throught; to direct attention; as, the preacher referrd to the late election.

4. To direct inquiry for information or a quarantes of any kind, as in respect to one's integrity, capacity, pecuniary ability, and the like; as, I referred to his employer for the truth of his story. Syn. -- To allude; advert; suggest; appeal. Refer, Allude, Advert. We refer to a thing by specifically and distinctly introducing it into our discourse. We allude to it by introducing it indirectly or indefinitely, as by something collaterally allied to it. We advert to it by turning off somewhat abruptly to consider it more at large. Thus, Macaulay refers to the early condition of England at the opening of his history; he alludes to these statements from time to time; and adverts, in the progress of his work, to various circumstances of pecullar interest, on which for a time he dwells. "But to do good is . . . that that Solomon chiefly refers to in the text." Sharp. "This, I doubt not, was that artificial structure here alluded to." T. Burnet.

Now to the universal whole advert: The earth regard as of that whole a part. Blackmore.

Referable

Ref"er*a*ble (r?f"?r*?*b'l), a. Capable of being referred, or considered in relation to something else; assignable; ascribable. [Written also referrible.]
It is a question among philosophers, whether all the attractions which obtain between bodies are referable to one general cause. W. Nicholson.

Referee

Ref`er*ee" (-, n. One to whom a thing is referred; a person to whom a matter in dispute has been referred, in order that he may settle it. Syn. -- Judge; arbitrator; umpire. See Judge.

Reference

Ref"er*ence (r?f"?r-ens), n. [See Refer.]

1. The act of referring, or the state of being referred; as, reference to a chart for quidance.

2. That which refers to something; a specific direction of the attention; as, a reference in a text-book.

3. Relation; regard; respect.

Something that hath a reference to my state. Shak.

4. One who, or that which, is referred to. Specifically; (a) One of whom inquires can be made as to the integrity, capacity, and the like, of another. (b) A work, or a passage in a work, to which one is referred.

5. (Law) (a) The act of submitting a matter in dispute to the judgment of one or more persons for decision. (b) (Equity) The process of sending any matter, for inquiry in a cause, to a master or other officer, in order that he may ascertain facts and report to the court.

6. Appeal. [R.] "Make your full reference." Shak. Reference Bible, a Bible in which brief explanations, and references to parallel passages, are printed in the margin of the text.

Referendary

Ref`er*en"da*ry (r?f`?r*?n"d?*r?), n. [LL. referendarius, fr. L. referendus to be referred, gerundive of referre: cf. F. r\'82f\'82rendaire. See Refer.]

1. One to whose decision a cause is referred; a referee. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. An officer who delivered the royal answer to petitions. "Referendaries, or masters of request." Harmar.

3. Formerly, an officer of state charged with the duty of procuring and dispatching diplomas and decrees.

Referendum

Ref`er*en"dum (r?f`?r*?n"d?m), n. [Gerundive fr. L. referre. See Refer.]

1. A diplomatic agent's note asking for instructions from his government concerning a particular matter or point.

2. The right to approve or reject by popular vote a meassure passed upon by a legislature.

Referential

Ref`er*en"tial (-shal), a. Containing a reference; pointing to something out of itself; as, notes for referential use. -- Ref`er*en"tial*ly, adv.

Referment

Re*fer"ment (r?*f?r"ment), n. The act of referring; reference. Laud.
Page 1207

Referment

Re`*fer*ment" (r, v. t. & i. To ferment, or cause to ferment, again. Blackmore.

Referrer

Re*fer"rer (r?*f?r"r?r), n. One who refers.

Referrible

Re*fer"ri*ble (-r?*b'l), a. Referable. Hallam.

Refigure

Re*fig"ure (r?*f?g"?r), v. t. To figure again. Shak.

Refill

Re*fill" (r?*f?l"), v. t. & i. To fill, or become full, again.

Refind

Re*find" (r?*f?nd), v. t. To find again; to get or experience again. Sandys.

Refine

Re*fine" (r?*f?n"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refined (-find"); p. pr. & vb. n. Refining.] [Pref. re- + fine to make fine: cf. F. raffiner.]

1. To reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from dross or alloy; to separate from extraneous matter; to purify; to defecate; as, to refine gold or silver; to refine iron; to refine wine or sugar.

I will bring the third part through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined. Zech. xiii. 9.

2. To purify from what is gross, coarse, vulgar, inelegant, low, and the like; to make elegant or exellent; to polish; as, to refine the manners, the language, the style, the taste, the intellect, or the moral feelings.

Love refines The thoughts, and heart enlarges. Milton.
Syn. -- To purify; clarify; polish; ennoble.

Refine

Re*fine", v. i.

1. To become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter.

So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains, Works itself clear, and, as it runs, refines. Addison.

2. To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence.

Chaucer refined on Boccace, and mended his stories. Dryden.
But let a lord once own the happy lines, How the wit brightens! How the style refines! Pope.

3. To affect nicety or subtilty in thought or language. "He makes another paragraph about our refining in controversy." Atterbury.

Refined

Re*fined" (-f?nd"), a. Freed from impurities or alloy; purifed; polished; cultured; delicate; as; refined gold; refined language; refined sentiments.
Refined wits who honored poesy with their pens. Peacham.
-- Re*fin"ed*ly (r, adv. -- Re*fin"ed*ness, n.

Refinement

Re*fine"ment (r?*f?n"ment), n. [Cf. F. raffinement.]

1. The act of refining, or the state of being refined; as, the refinement or metals; refinement of ideas.

The more bodies are of kin to spirit in subtilty and refinement, the more diffusive are they. Norris.
From the civil war to this time, I doubt whether the corruptions in our language have not equaled its refinements. Swift.

2. That which is refined, elaborated, or polished to excess; an affected subtilty; as, refinements of logic. "The refinements of irregular cunning." Rogers. Syn. -- Purification; polish; politeness; gentility; elegance; cultivation; civilization.

Refiner

Re*fin"er (-f?n"?r), n. One who, or that which, refines.

Refinery

Re*fin"er*y (-?), n.; pl. Refineries (-. [Cf. F. raffinerie.]

1. The building and apparatus for refining or purifying, esp. metals and sugar.

2. A furnace in which cast iron is refined by the action of a blast on the molten metal.

Refit

Re*fit" (r?*f?t"), v. t.

1. To fit or prepare for use again; to repair; to restore after damage or decay; as, to refit a garment; to refit ships of war. Macaulay.

2. To fit out or supply a second time.

Refit

Re*fit", v. i. To obtain repairs or supplies; as, the fleet returned to refit.

Refitment

Re*fit"ment (-ment), n. The act of refitting, or the state of being refitted.

Refix

Re*fix" (r?*f?ks"), v. t. To fix again or anew; to establish anew. Fuller.

Reflame

Re*flame" (r?*fl?m"), v. i. To kindle again into flame.

Reflect

Re*flect" (r?*fl?kt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reflected; p. pr. & vb. n. Reflecting.] [L. reflectere, reflexum; pref. re- re- + flectere to bend or turn. See Flexible, and cf. Reflex, v.]

1. To bend back; to give a backwaas, a mirror reflects rays of light; polished metals reflect heat.

Let me mind the reader to reflect his eye on our quotations. Fuller.
Bodies close together reflect their own color. Dryden.

2. To give back an image or likeness of; to mirror.

Nature is the glass reflecting God, As by the sea reflected is the sun. Young.

Reflect

Re*flect" v. i.

1. To throw back light, heat, or the like; to return rays or beams.

2. To be sent back; to rebound as from a surface; to revert; to return.

Whose virtues will, I hope, Reflect on Rome, as Titan's rays on earth. Shak.

3. To throw or turn back the thoughts upon anything; to contemplate. Specifically: To attend earnestly to what passes within the mind; to attend to the facts or phenomena of consciousness; to use attention or earnest thought; to meditate; especially, to think in relation to moral truth or rules.

We can not be said to reflect upon any external object, except so far as that object has been previously perceived, and its image become part and parcel of our intellectual furniture. Sir W. Hamilton.
All men are concious of the operations of their own minds, at all times, while they are awake, but there few who reflect upon them, or make them objects of thought. Reid.
As I much reflected, much I mourned. Prior.

4. To cast reproach; to cause censure or dishonor.

Errors of wives reflect on husbands still. Dryden.
Neither do I reflect in the least upon the memory of his late majesty. Swift.
Syn. -- To consider; think; cogitate; mediate; contemplate; ponder; muse; ruminate.

Reflected

Re*flect"ed, a.

1. Thrown back after striking a surface; as, reflected light, heat, sound, etc.

2. Hence: Not one's own; received from another; as, his glory was reflected glory.

3. Bent backward or outward; reflexed.

Reflectent

Re*flect"ent (r?*fl?kt"ent), a. [L. reflectens, p. pr. of reflectere. See Reflect.]

1. Bending or flying back; reflected. "The ray descendent, and the ray reflectent flying with so great a speed." Sir K. Digby.

2. Reflecting; as, a reflectent body. Sir K. Digby.

Reflectible

Re*flect"i*ble (-?*b'l), a. Capable of being reflected, or thrown back; reflexible.

Reflecting

Re*flect"ing, a.

1. Throwing back light, heat, etc., as a mirror or other surface.

2. Given to reflection or serious consideration; reflective; contemplative; as, a reflecting mind. Reflecting circle, an astronomical instrument for measuring angless, like the sextant or Hadley's quadrant, by the reflection of light from two plane mirrors which it carries, and differing from the sextant chiefly in having an entire circle. -- Reflecting galvanometer, a galvanometer in which the deflections of the needle are read by means of a mirror attached to it, which reflects a ray of light or the image of a scale; -- called also mirror galvanometer. -- Reflecting goniometer. See under Goniometer. -- Reflecting telescope. See under Telescope.

Reflectingly

Re*flect"ing*ly, adv. With reflection; also, with censure; reproachfully. Swift.

Reflection

Re*flec"tion (r?*fl?k"sh?n), n. [L. reflexio: cf. F. r\'82flexion. See Riflect.] >[Written also reflexion.]

1. The act of reflecting, or turning or sending back, or the state of being reflected. Specifically: (a) The return of rays, beams, sound, or the like, from a surface. See Angle of reflection, below.

The eye sees not itself, But by reflection, by some other things. Shak.
(b) The reverting of the mind to that which has already occupied it; continued consideration; meditation; contemplation; hence, also, that operation or power of the mind by which it is conscious of its own acts or states; the capacity for judging rationally, especially in view of a moral rule or standard.
By reflection, . . . I would be understood to mean, that notice which the mind takes of its own operations, and the manner of them, by reason whereof there come to be ideas of these operations in the understanding. Locke.
This delight grows and improves under thought and reflection. South.

2. Shining; brightness, as of the sun. [Obs.] Shak.

3. That which is produced by reflection. Specifically: (a) An image given back from a reflecting surface; a reflected counterpart.

As the sun water we can bear, Yet not the sun, but his reflection, there. Dryden.
(b) A part reflected, or turned back, at an angle; as, the reflection of a membrane. (c) Result of meditation; thought or opinion after attentive consideration or contemplation; especially, thoughts suggested by truth.
Job's reflections on his once flourishing estate did at the same time afflict and encourage him. Atterbury.

4. Censure; reproach cast.

He died; and oh! may no reflection shed Its poisonous venom on the royal dead. Prior.

5. (Physiol.) The transference of an excitement from one nerve fiber to another by means of the nerve cells, as in reflex action. See Reflex action, under Reflex. Angle of reflection, the angle which anything, as a ray of light, on leaving a reflecting surface, makes with the perpendicular to the surface. -- Angle of total reflection. (Opt.) Same as Critical angle, under Critical. Syn. -- Meditation; contemplation; rumination; cogitation; consideration; musing; thinking.

Reflective

Re*flect"ive (r?*fl?kt"?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82flectif. Cf. Reflexive.]

1. Throwing back images; as, a reflective mirror.

In the reflective stream the sighing bride, viewing her charms. Prior.

2. Capable of exercising thought or judgment; as, reflective reason. Prior.

His perceptive and reflective faculties . . . thus acquired a precocious and extraordinary development. Motley.

3. Addicted to introspective or meditative habits; as, a reflective person.

4. (Gram.) Reflexive; reciprocal. -- Re*flect"ive*ly, adv. -- Re*flect"ive*ness, n. "Reflectiveness of manner." J. C. Shairp.

Reflector

Re*flect"or (-&etil;r), n. [Cf. F. r\'82flecteur.]

1. One who, or that which, reflects. Boyle.

2. (Physics) (a) Something having a polished surface for reflecting light or heat, as a mirror, a speculum, etc. (b) A reflecting telescope. (c) A device for reflecting sound.

Reflex

Re"flex (r?"fl?ks), a. [L. reflexus, p. p. of reflectere: cf. F. r\'82flexe. See Reflect.]

1. Directed back; attended by reflection; retroactive; introspective.

The reflex act of the soul, or the turning of the intellectual eye inward upon its own actions. Sir M. Hale.

2. Produced in reaction, in resistance, or in return.

3. (Physiol.) Of, pertaining to, or produced by, stimulus or excitation without the necessary intervention of consciousness. Reflex action (Physiol.), any action performed involuntarily in consequence of an impulse or impression transmitted along afferent nerves to a nerve center, from which it is reflected to an efferent nerve, and so calls into action certain muscles, organs, or cells. -- Reflex nerve (Physiol.), an excito-motory nerve. See Exito-motory.

Reflex

Re"flex (r?"fl?ks; formerly r?*fl?ks"), n. [L. reflexus a bending back. See Reflect.]

1. Reflection; the light reflected from an illuminated surface to one in shade.

Yon gray is not the morning's eye, 'Tis but the pale reflex of Cynthia's brow. Shak.
On the depths of death there swims The reflex of a human face. Tennyson.

2. (Physiol.) An involuntary movement produced by reflex action. Patellar reflex. See Knee jerk, under Knee.

Reflex

Re*flex" (r?*fl?ks"), v. t. [L. reflexus, p. p. of reflectere. See Reflect.]

1. To reflect. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To bend back; to turn back. J. Gregory.

Reflexed

Re*flexed" (r?*fl?kst"), a. Bent backward or outward.

Reflexibility

Re*flex`i*bil"i*ty (r?*fl?ks`?*b?l"?*t?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82flexibilit\'82.] The quality or capability of being reflexible; as, the reflexibility of the rays of light. Sir I. Newton.

Reflexible

Re*flex"i*ble (r?*fl?ks"?*b'l), a. [CF. F. r\'82flexible.] Capable of being reflected, or thrown back.
The light of the sun consists of rays differently refrangible and reflexible. Cheyne.

Reflexion

Re*flex"ion (-fl?k"sh?n), n. See Reflection. Chaucer.

Reflexity

Re*flex"i*ty (r?*fl?ks"?*t?), n. The state or condition of being reflected. [R.]

Reflexive

Re*flex"ive (-?v), a.

1. [Cf. F. r\'82flexif.] Bending or turned backward; reflective; having respect to something past.

Assurance reflexive can not be a divine faith. Hammond.

2. Implying censure. [Obs.] "What man does not resent an ugly reflexive word?" South.

3. (Gram.) Having for its direct object a pronoun which refers to the agent or subject as its antecedent; -- said of certain verbs; as, the witness perjured himself; I bethought myself. Applied also to pronouns of this class; reciprocal; reflective. -- Re*flex"ive*ly, adv. -- Re*flex"ive*ness, n.

Reflexiv

Re*flex"iv, adv. In a reflex manner; reflectively.

Refloat

Re"float (r?"fl?t), n. Reflux; ebb. [Obs.] Bacon.

Reflorescence

Re`flo*res"cence (r?`fl?*r?s"sens), n. (Bot.) A blossoming anew of a plant after it has apparently ceased blossoming for the season.

Reflourish

Re*flour"ish (r?*fl?r"?sh), v. t. & i. To flourish again.

Reflew

Re*flew" (r?*fl?"), v. i. To flow back; to ebb.

Reflower

Re*flow"er (r&emac;*flou"&etil;r), v. i. & t. To flower, or cause to flower, again. Sylvester.

Refluctuation

Re*fluc`tu*a"tion (r?*fl?k`t?*?"sh?n; 135), n. A flowing back; refluence.

Refluence rfl-ens, Refluency

Ref"lu*ence (r?f"l?-ens), Ref"lu*en*cy (-en*s?), n. The quality of being refluent; a flowing back.

Refluent

Ref"lu*ent (-ent), a. [L. refluens, p. pr. of refluere to flow back; pref. re- re- + fluere to flow. See Flurent.] Flowing back; returning; ebbing. Cowper.
And refluent through the pass of fear The battle's tide was poured. Sir W. Scott.

Reflueus

Ref"lu*eus (-?s), a. [L. refluus.] Refluent. [Obs.]

Reflux

Re"flux` (r?"fl?ks`), a. Returning, or flowing back; reflex; as, reflux action.

Reflux

Re"flux`, n. [F. reflux. See Refluent, Flux.] A flowing back, as the return of a fluid; ebb; reaction; as, the flux and reflux of the tides.
All from me Shall with a fierce reflux on me redound. Milton.

Refocillate

Re*foc"il*late (r?*f?s"?l*l?t), v. t. [L. refocillatus, p. p. of refocillare; pref. re- re- + focillare to revive by warmth.] To refresh; to revive. [Obs.] Aubrey.

Refocillation

Re*foc`il*la"tion (-l?"sh?n), n. Restoration of strength by refreshment. [Obs.] Middleton.

Refold

Re*fold" (r?*f?ld"), v. t. To fold again.

Refoment

Re`fo*ment" (r?`f?*m?nt"), v. t. To foment anew.

Reforestization

Re*for`est*i*za`tion (r?*f?r`?st*?*z?"sh?n), n. The act or process of reforestizing.

Reforestize

Re*for"est*ize (r?*f?r"?st*?z), v. t. To convert again into a forest; to plant again with trees.

Reforge

Re*forge" (r?*f?rj"), v. t. [Pref. re- + forge: cf. F. reforger.] To forge again or anew; hence, to fashion or fabricate anew; to make over. Udall.

Reforger

Re*for"ger (r?*f?r"j?r), n. One who reforges.

Reform

Re*form" (r?*f?rm"), v. t. [F. r\'82former, L. reformare; pref. re- re- + formare to form, from forma form. See Form.] To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better; to amend; to correct; as, to reform a profligate man; to reform corrupt manners or morals.
The example alone of a vicious prince will corrupt an age; but that of a good one will not reform it. Swift.
Syn. -- To amend; correct; emend; rectify; mend; repair; better; improve; restore; reclaim.

Reform

Re*form", v. i. To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits; as, a man of settled habits of vice will seldom reform.

Reform

Re*form", n. [F. r\'82forme.] Amendment of what is defective, vicious, corrupt, or depraved; reformation; as, reform of elections; reform of government. Civil service reform. See under Civil. -- Reform acts (Eng. Politics), acts of Parliament passed in 1832, 1867, 1884, 1885, extending and equalizing popular representation in Parliament. -- Reform school, a school established by a state or city government, for the confinement, instruction, and reformation of juvenile offenders, and of young persons of idle, vicious, and vagrant habits. [U. S.] Syn. -- Reformation; amendment; rectification; correction. See Reformation.

Re-form

Re-form" (r?*f?rm"), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Re-formed (-f?rmd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Re-forming.] To give a new form to; to form anew; to take form again, or to take a new form; as, to re-form the line after a charge.

Reformable

Re*form"a*ble (r?*f?rm"?*b'l), a. Capable of being reformed. Foxe.

Reformade

Ref`or*made" (r?f`?r*m?d"), n. A reformado. [Obs.]

Reformado

Ref`or*ma"do (-m?"d?), n. [Sp., fr. reformar, L. reformare. SEe Reform, v. t.]

1. A monk of a reformed order. [Obs.] Weever.

2. An officer who, in disgrace, is deprived of his command, but retains his rank, and sometimes his pay. [Obs.]

Reformalize

Re*form"al*ize (r?*f?rm"al*?z), v. i. To affect reformation; to pretend to correctness. [R.]

Reformation

Ref`or*ma"tion (r?f`?r*m?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82formation, L. reformatio.]

1. The act of reforming, or the state of being reformed; change from worse to better; correction or amendment of life, manners, or of anything vicious or corrupt; as, the reformation of manners; reformation of the age; reformation of abuses.

Satire lashes vice into reformation. Dryden.

Page 1208

2. Specifically (Eccl. Hist.), the important religious movement commenced by Luther early in the sixteenth century, which resulted in the formation of the various Protestant churches. Syn. -- Reform; amendment; correction; rectification. -- Reformation, Reform. Reformation is a more thorough and comprehensive change than reform. It is applied to subjects that are more important, and results in changes which are more lasting. A reformation involves, and is followed by, many particular reforms. "The pagan converts mention this great reformation of those who had been the greatest sinners, with that sudden and surprising change which the Christian religion made in the lives of the most profligate." Addison. "A variety of schemes, founded in visionary and impracticable ideas of reform, were suddenly produced." Pitt.

Re-formation

Re`-for*ma"tion (r?`f?r*m?"sh?n), n. The act of forming anew; a second forming in order; as, the reformation of a column of troops into a hollow square.

Reformative

Re*form"a*tive (r?*f?rm"?*t?v), a. Forming again; having the quality of renewing form; reformatory. Good.

Reformatory

Re*form"a*to*ry (-t?*r?), a. Tending to produce reformation; reformative.

Reformatory

Re*form"a*to*ry, n.; pl. -ries (-r. An institution for promoting the reformation of offenders.
Magistrates may send juvenile offenders to reformatories instead of to prisons. Eng. Cyc.

Reformed

Re*formed" (r?*f?rmd"), a.

1. Corrected; amended; restored to purity or excellence; said, specifically, of the whole body of Protestant churches originating in the Reformation. Also, in a more restricted sense, of those who separated from Luther on the doctrine of consubstantiation, etc., and carried the Reformation, as they claimed, to a higher point. The Protestant churches founded by them in Switzerland, France, Holland, and part of Germany, were called the Reformed churches.

The town was one of the strongholds of the Reformed faith. Macaulay.

2. Amended in character and life; as, a reformed gambler or drunkard.

3. (Mil.) Retained in service on half or full pay after the disbandment of the company or troop; -- said of an officer. [Eng.]

Reformer

Re*form"er (r?*f?rm"?r), n.

1. One who effects a reformation or amendment; one who labors for, or urges, reform; as, a reformer of manners, or of abuses.

2. (Eccl.Hist.) One of those who commenced the reformation of religion in the sixteenth century, as Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, and Calvin.

Reformist

Re*form"ist, n. [Cf. F. r\'82formiste.] A reformer.

Reformly

Re*form"ly, adv. In the manner of a reform; for the purpose of reform. [Obs.] Milton.

Refortification

Re*for`ti*fi*ca"tion (r?*f?r`t?*f?*k?"sh?n), n. A fortifying anew, or a second time. Mitford.

Refortify

Re*for"ti*fy (r?*f?r"t?*f?), v. t. To fortify anew.

Refossion

Re*fos"sion (r?*f?sh"?n), n. [L. refodere, refossum, to dig up again. See Fosse.] The act of digging up again. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Refound

Re*found" (r?*found"), v. t. [Pref. re- + found to cast; cf. F. refondare. Cf. Refund.]

1. To found or cast anew. "Ancient bells refounded." T. Warton.

2. To found or establish again; to re

Refound

Re*found", imp. & p. p. of Refind, v. t.

Refounder

Re*found"er (-?r), n. One who refounds.

Refract

Re*fract" (r?*fr$kt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Refracting.] [L. refractus, p. p. of refringere; pref. re- re- + frangere to break: cf. F. r\'82fracter. SEe FRacture, and cf. Refrain, n.]

1. To bend sharply and abruptly back; to break off.

2. To break the natural course of, as rays of light orr heat, when passing from one transparent medium to another of different density; to cause to deviate from a direct course by an action distinct from reflection; as, a dense medium refrcts the rays of light as they pass into it from a rare medium.

Refractable

Re*fract"a*ble (-?*b'l), a. Capable of being refracted.

Refracted

Re*fract"ed, a.

1. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Bent backward angularly, as if half-broken; as, a refracted stem or leaf.

2. Turned from a direct course by refraction; as, refracted rays of light.

Refracting

Re*fract"ing, a. Serving or tending to refract; as, a refracting medium. Refracting angle of a prism (Opt.), the angle of a triangular prism included between the two sides through which the refracted beam passes in the decomposition of light. -- Refracting telescope. (Opt.) See under Telescope.

Refraction

Re*frac"tion (r?*fr?k"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82fraction.]

1. The act of refracting, or the state of being refracted.

2. The change in the direction of ray of light, heat, or the like, when it enters obliquely a medium of a different density from that through which it has previously moved.

Refraction out of the rarer medium into the denser, is made towards the perpendicular. Sir I. Newton.

3. (Astron.) (a) The change in the direction of a ray of light, and, consequently, in the apparent position of a heavenly body from which it emanates, arising from its passage through the earth's atmosphere; -- hence distinguished as atmospheric refraction, or astronomical refraction. (b) The correction which is to be deducted from the apparent altitude of a heavenly body on account of atmospheric refraction, in order to obtain the true altitude. Angle of refraction (Opt.), the angle which a refracted ray makes with the perpendicular to the surface separating the two media traversed by the ray. -- Conical refraction (Opt.), the refraction of a ray of light into an infinite number of rays, forming a hollow cone. This occurs when a ray of light is passed through crystals of some substances, under certain circumstances. Conical refraction is of two kinds; external conical refraction, in which the ray issues from the crystal in the form of a cone, the vertex of which is at the point of emergence; and internal conical refraction, in which the ray is changed into the form of a cone on entering the crystal, from which it issues in the form of a hollow cylinder. This singular phenomenon was first discovered by Sir W. R. Hamilton by mathematical reasoning alone, unaided by experiment. -- Differential refraction (Astron.), the change of the apparent place of one object relative to a second object near it, due to refraction; also, the correction required to be made to the observed relative places of the two bodies. -- Double refraction (Opt.), the refraction of light in two directions, which produces two distinct images. The power of double refraction is possessed by all crystals except those of the isometric system. A uniaxial crystal is said to be optically positive (like quartz), or optically negative (like calcite), or to have positive, or negative, double refraction, according as the optic axis is the axis of least or greatest elasticity for light; a biaxial crystal is similarly designated when the same relation holds for the acute bisectrix. -- Index of refraction. See under Index. -- Refraction circle (Opt.), an instrument provided with a graduated circle for the measurement of refraction. -- Refraction of latitude, longitude, declination, right ascension, etc., the change in the apparent latitude, longitude, etc., of a heavenly body, due to the effect of atmospheric refraction. -- Terrestrial refraction, the change in the apparent altitude of a distant point on or near the earth's surface, as the top of a mountain, arising from the passage of light from it to the eye through atmospheric strata of varying density.

Refractive

Re*fract"ive (r?*fr?kt"?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82fractif. See Refract.] Serving or having power to refract, or turn from a direct course; pertaining to refraction; as, refractive surfaces; refractive powers. Refractive index. (Opt.) See Index of refraction, under Index. -- Absolute refractive index (Opt.), the index of refraction of a substances when the ray passes into it from a vacuum. -- Relative refractive index (of two media) (Opt.), the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction for a ray passing out of one of the media into the other.

Refractiveness

Re*fract"ive*ness, n. The quality or condition of being refractive.

Refractometer

Re`frac*tom"e*ter (r?`fr?k*t?m"?*t?r), n. [Refraction + -meter.] (Opt.) A contrivance for exhibiting and measuring the refraction of light.

Refractor

Re*fract"or (r, n. Anything that refracts; specifically: (Opt.) A refracting telescope, in which the image to be viewed is formed by the refraction of light in passing through a convex lens.

Refractorily

Re*frac"to*ri*ly (r?*fr?k"t?*r?*l?), adv. In a refractory manner; perversely; obstinately.

Refractoriness

Re*frac"to*ri*ness, n. The quality or condition of being refractory.

Refractory

Re*frac"to*ry (-r?), a. [L. refractorius, fr. refringere: cf. F. refractaire. See Refract.]

1. Obstinate in disobedience; contumacious; stubborn; unmanageable; as, a refractory child; a refractory beast.

Raging appetites that are Most disobedient and refractory. Shak.

2. Resisting ordinary treatment; difficult of fusion, reduction, or the like; -- said especially of metals and the like, which do not readily yield to heat, or to the hammer; as, a refractory ore. Syn. -- Perverse; contumacious; unruly; stubborn; obstinate; unyielding; ungovernable; unmanageable.

Refractory

Re*frac"to*ry, n.

1. A refractory person. Bp. Hall.

2. Refractoriness. [Obs.] Jer. TAylor.

3. OPottery) A piece of ware covered with a vaporable flux and placed in a kiln, to communicate a glaze to the other articles. Knight.

Refracture

Re*frac"ture (r?*fr?k"t?r;135), n. (Surg.) A second breaking (as of a badly set bone) by the surgeon.

Refracture

Re*frac"ture, v. t. (Surg.) To break again, as a bone.

Refragable

Ref"ra*ga*ble (r?f"r?*g?*b'l), a. [LL. refragabilis, fr. L. refragari to oppose.] Capable of being refuted; refutable. [R.] -- Ref"ra*ga*ble*ness, n. [R.] -- Ref`*ra*ga*bil"i*ty (-b, n. [R.]

Refragate

Ref"ra*gate (-g?t), v. i. [L. refragatus, p. p. of refragor.] To oppose. [R.] Glanvill.

Refrain

Re*frain" (r?*fr?n"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refrained (-fr?nd"); p. pr. & vb/ n. Refraining.] [OE. refreinen, OF. refrener, F. refr, fr. L. refrenare; influenced by OF. refraindre to restrain, moderate, fr. LL. refrangere, for L. refringere to break up, break (see Refract). L. refrenare is fr. pref. re- back + frenum bridle; cf. Skr. dh to hold.]

1. To hold back; to restrain; to keep within prescribed bounds; to curb; to govern.

His reson refraineth not his foul delight or talent. Chaucer.
Refrain thy foot from their path. Prov. i. 15.

2. To abstain from [Obs.]

Who, requiring a remedy for his gout, received no other counsel than to refrain cold drink. Sir T. Browne.

Refrain

Re*frain", v. i. To keep one's self from action or interference; to hold aloof; to forbear; to abstain.
Refrain from these men, and let them alone. Acts v. 38.
They refrained therefrom [eating flesh] some time after. Sir T. Browne.
Syn. -- To hold back; forbear; abstain; withhold.

Refrain

Re*frain", n. [F. refrain, fr. OF. refraindre; cf. Pr. refranhs a refrain, refranher to repeat. See Refract,Refrain, v.] The burden of a song; a phrase or verse which recurs at the end of each of the separate stanzas or divisions of a poetic composition.
We hear the wild refrain. Whittier.

Refrainer

Re*frain"er (r?*fr?n"?r), n. One who refrains.

Refrainment

Re*frain"ment (-ment), n. Act of refraining. [R.]

Reframe

Re*frame" (r?*fr?m), v. t. To frame again or anew.

Refrangibility

Re*fran`gi*bil"i*ty (r?*fr?n`j?*b?l"?*t?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82frangibilit\'82.] The quality of being refrangible.

Refrangible

Re*fran"gi*ble (-fr?n"j?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. r\'82frangible. See Refract.] Capable of being refracted, or turned out of a direct course, in passing from one medium to another, as rays of light. -- Re*fran"gi*ble*ness, n.

Refrenation

Ref`re*na"tion (r?f`r?*n?"sh?n), n. [L. refrenatio. See Refrain, v. t.] The act of refraining. [Obs.]

Refresh

Re*fresh" (r?*fr?sh"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refreshed (-fr?sht"); p. pr. & vb. n. Refreshing.] [OE. refreshen, refreschen, OF. refreschir (cf. OF. rafraischir, rafreschir, F. rafra); pref. re- re- + fres fresh. F. frais. See Fresh, a.]

1. To make fresh again; to restore strength, spirit, animation, or the like, to; to relieve from fatigue or depression; to reinvigorate; to enliven anew; to reanimate; as, sleep refreshes the body and the mind. Chaucer.

Foer they have refreshed my spirit and yours. 1 Cor. xvi. 18.
And labor shall refresh itself with hope. Shak.

2. To make as if new; to repair; to restore.

To refresh the memory, to quicken or strengthen it, as by a reference, review, memorandum, or suggestion. Syn. -- To cool; refrigerate; invigorate; revive; reanimate; renovate; renew; restore; recreate; enliven; cheer.

Refresh

Re*fresh", n. The act of refreshing. [Obs.] Daniel.

Refresher

Re*fresh"er (-?r), n.

1. One who, or that which, refreshes.

2. (Law) An extra fee paid to counsel in a case that has been adjourned from one term to another, or that is unusually protracted.

Ten guineas a day is the highest refresher which a counsel can charge. London Truth.

Refreshful

Re*fresh"ful (-f?l), a. Full of power to refresh; refreshing. -- Re*fresh"ful*ly, adv.

Refreshing

Re*fresh"ing, a. Reviving; reanimating. -- Re*fresh"ing*ly, adv. -- Re*fresh"ing*ness, n.

Refreshment

Re*fresh"ment (-ment), n. [CF. OF. refreschissement, F. rafra&icir;chissement.]

1. The act of refreshing, or the state of being refreshed; restoration of strength, spirit, vigor, or liveliness; relief after suffering; new life or animation after depression.

2. That which refreshes; means of restoration or reanimation; especially, an article of food or drink.

Refret

Re*fret" (r?*fr?t"), n. [OF. refret, L. refractus, p. p. See Refrain, n., Refract.] Refrain. [Obs.] Bailey.

Refreyd

Re*freyd" (r?*fr?d"), v. t. [OF. refreidier.] To chill; to cool. [Obs.]
Refreyded by sickness . . . or by cold drinks. Chaucer.

Refrication

Ref`ri*ca"tion (r?f`r?*k?"sh?n), n. [L. refricare to rub again.] A rubbing up afresh; a brightening. [Obs.]
A continual refrication of the memory. Bp. Hall.

Refrigerant

Re*frig"er*ant (r?*fr?j"?r-ant), a. [L. refrigerans, p. pr. of refrigerare: cf. F. r\'82frig\'82rant. See Refrigerate.] Cooling; allaying heat or fever. Bacon.

Refrigerant

Re*frig"er*ant, n. That which makes to be cool or cold; specifically, a medicine or an application for allaying fever, or the symptoms of fever; -- used also figuratively. Holland. "A refrigerant to passion." Blair.

Refrigerate

Re*frig"er*ate (-?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refrigerated (-?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Refrigerating.] [L. refrigeratus, p. p. cf. refrigerare; pref. re- re- + grigerare to make cool, fr. fragus, frigoris, coolness. See Frigid.] To cause to become cool; to make or keep cold or cool.

Refrigeration

Re*frig`er*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82frig\'82ration, L. refrigeratio.] The act or process of refrigerating or cooling, or the state of being cooled.

Refrigerative

Re*frig"er*a*tive (r?*fr?j"?r*?*t?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82frig\'82ratif.] Cooling; allaying heat. -- n. A refrigerant.
Crazed brains should come under a refrigerative treatment. I. Taylor.

Refrigerator

Re*frig"er*a`tor (-?`t?r), n. That which refrigerates or makes cold; that which keeps cool. Specifically: (a) A box or room for keeping food or other articles cool, usually by means of ice.<-- now by a mechanical cooling mechanism. --> (b) An apparatus for rapidly cooling heated liquids or vapors, connected with a still, etc. Refrigerator car (Railroad), a freight car constructed as a refrigerator, for the transportation of fresh meats, fish, etc., in a temperature kept cool by ice.<-- or by mechanical refrigeration -->

Refrigeratory

Re*frig"er*a*to*ry (-?*t?*r?), a. [L. refrigeratorius.] Mitigating heat; cooling.

Refrigeratory

Re*frig"er*a*to*ry, n.; pl. -ries (-fr. [CF. F. r\'82frig\'82ratoire.] That which refrigerates or cools. Specifically: (a) In distillation, a vessel filled with cold water, surrounding the worm, the vapor in which is thereby condensed. (b) The chamber, or tank, in which ice is formed, in an ice machine.

Refrigerium

Ref`ri*ge"ri*um (r?f`r?*j?"r?*?m), n. [L.] Cooling refreshment; refrigeration. [Obs.] South.

Refringency

Re*frin"gen*cy (r?*fr?n"jen*s?), n. The power possessed by a substance to refract a ray; as, different substances have different refringencies. Nichol.

Refringent

Re*frin"gent (-jent), a. [L. refringens, p. pr. of refringere. See Refract.] Pertaining to, or possessing, refringency; refractive; refracting; as, a refringent prism of spar. Nichol.

Reft

Reft (r?ft), imp. & p. p. of Reave. Bereft.
Reft of thy sons, amid thy foes forlorn. Heber.

Reft

Reft, n. A chink; a rift. See Rift. Rom. of R.

Refuge

Ref"uge (r?f"?j), n. [F. r\'82fuge, L. refugium, fr. refugere to flee back; pref. re- + figere. SEe Fugitive.]

1. Shelter or protection from danger or distress.

Rocks, dens, and caves! But I in none of these Find place or refuge. Milton.
We might have a strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us. Heb. vi. 18.

2. That which shelters or protects from danger, or from distress or calamity; a stronghold which protects by its strength, or a sanctuary which secures safety by its sacredness; a place inaccessible to an enemy.

The high hills are a refuger the wild goats. Ps. civ. 18.
The Lord also will be a refuge for the oppressed. Ps. ix. 9.

Page 1209

3. An expedient to secure protection or defense; a device or contrivance.

Their latest refuge Was to send him. Shak.
Cities of refuge (Jewish Antiq.), certain cities appointed as places of safe refuge for persons who had committed homicide without design. Of these there were three on each side of Jordan. Josh. xx. -- House of refuge, a charitable institution for giving shelter and protection to the homeless, destitute, or tempted. Syn. -- Shelter; asylum; retreat; covert.

Refuge

Ref"uge (r?f"?j), v. t. To shelter; to protect. [Obs.]

Refugee

Ref`u*gee" (r?f`?*j?"), n. [F. r\'82fugi\'82, fr. se r\'82fugier to take refuge. See Refuge, n.]

1. One who flees to a shelter, or place of safety.

2. Especially, one who, in times of persecution or political commotion, flees to a foreign power or country for safety; as, the French refugees who left France after the revocation of the edict of Nantes.

Refulgence rfljens, Refulgency

Re*ful"gence (r?*f?l"jens), Re*ful"gen*cy (-jen*s?), n. [L. refulgentia. See Refulgent.] The quality of being refulgent; brilliancy; splender; radiance.

Refulgent

Re*ful"gent (r?*f?l"jent), a. [L. refulgens, p. pr. of refulgere to flash back, to shine bright; pref. re- re- + fulgere to shine. See Fulgent.] Casting a bright light; radiant; brilliant; resplendent; shining; splendid; as, refulgent beams. -- Re*ful"gent*ly, adv.
So conspicuous and refulgent a truth. Boyle.

Refund

Re*fund" (r?*f?nd"), v. t. [Pref. re- + fund.] To fund again or anew; to replace (a fund or loan) by a new fund; as, to refund a railroad loan.

Refund

Re*fund" (r?*f?nd"), v. t. [L. refundere; pref. re- re- + fundere to pour: cf. F. refondre, refonder. See Fuse to melt, and cf. Refound to cast again, 1st Refuse.]

1. To pour back. [R. & Obs.]

Were the humors of the eye tinctured with any color, they would refund that color upon the object. Ray.

2. To give back; to repay; to restore.

A governor, that had pillaged the people, was . . . sentenced to refund what he had wrongfully taken. L'Estrange.

3. To supply again with funds; to reimburse. [Obs.]

Refunder

Re*fund"er (-?r), n. One who refunds.

Refundment

Re*fund"ment (-ment), n.The act of refunding; also, that which is refunded. [R.] Lamb.

Refurbish

Re*fur"bish (r?*f?r"b?sh), v. t. To furbish anew.

Refurnish

Re*fur"nish (-n?sh), v. t. To furnish again.

Reffurnishment

Ref*fur"nish*ment (-ment), n. The act of refurnishing, or state of being refurnished.
The refurnishment was in a style richer than before. L. Wallace.

Refusable

Re*fus"a*ble (r?*f?z"?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. refusable. See Refuse.] Capable of being refused; admitting of refusal.

Refusal

Re*fus"al (-al), n.

1. The act of refusing; denial of anything demanded, solicited, or offered for acceptance.

Do they not seek occasion of new quarrels, On my refusal, to distress me more? Milton.

2. The right of taking in preference to others; the choice of taking or refusing; option; as, to give one the refusal of a farm; to have the refusal of an employment.

Refuse

Re*fuse" (r?*f?z"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refused (-f?zd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Refusing.] [F. refuser, either from (assumed) LL. refusare to refuse, v. freq. of L. refundere to pour back, give back, restore (see Refund to repay), or. fr. L. recusare to decline, refuse cf. Accuse, Ruse), influenced by L. refutare to drive back, repel, refute. Cf. Refute.]

1. To deny, as a request, demand, invitation, or command; to decline to do or grant.

That never yet refused your hest. Chaucer.

2. (Mil.) To throw back, or cause to keep back (as the center, a wing, or a flank), out of the regular aligment when troops aras, to refuse the right wing while the left wing attacks.

3. To decline to accept; to reject; to deny the request or petition of; as, to refuse a suitor.

The cunning workman never doth refuse The meanest tool that he may chance to use. Herbert.

4. To disown. [Obs.] "Refuse thy name." Shak.

Refuse

Re*fuse", v. i. To deny compliance; not to comply.
Too proud to ask, too humble to refuse. Garth.
If ye refuse . . . ye shall be devoured with the sword. Isa. i. 20.

Refuse

Re*fuse", n. Refusal. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Refuse

Ref`use (r?f"?s;277), n. [F. refus refusal, also, that which is refused. See Refuse to deny.] That which is refused or rejected as useless; waste or worthless matter. Syn. -- Dregs; sediment; scum; recrement; dross.

Refuse

Ref"use, a. Refused; rejected; hence; left as unworthy of acceptance; of no value; worthless.
Everything that was vile and refuse, that they destroyed utterly. 1. Sam. xv. 9.

Refuser

Re*fus"er (r?*f?z"?r), n. One who refuses or rejects.

Refusion

Re*fu"sion (r?*f?"zh?n), n. [Pref. re-+ fusion.]

1. New or repeated melting, as of metals.

2. Restoration. "This doctrine of the refusion of the soul." Bp. Warbuton.

Reful

Ref"ul (r?f"?t), n. [OF. refuite.] Refuge. "Thou haven of refut." [Obs.] Chaucer.

Refutability

Re*fut`a*bil"i*ty (r?*f?t`?*b?l"?*t?), n. The quality of being refutable.

Refutable

Re*fut"a*ble (r?*f?t"?*b'l;277), a. [Cf. F. r\'82futable.] Admitting of being refuted or disproved; capable of being proved false or erroneous.

Refutal

Re*fut"al (r?*f?t"al), n. Act of refuting; refutation.

Refutation

Ref`u*ta"tion (r?f`?*t?"sh?n), n. [L. refutatio: cf. F. r\'82futation.] The act or process of refuting or disproving, or the state of being refuted; proof of falsehood or error; the overthrowing of an argument, opinion, testimony, doctrine, or theory, by argument or countervailing proof.
Same of his blunders seem rather to deserve a flogging than a refutation. Macaulay.

Refutatory

Re*fut"a*to*ry (r?*f?t"?*t?*r?), a. [L. refutatorius: cf. F. r\'82futatoire.] Tending tu refute; refuting.

Refute

Re*fute" (r?*F3t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refuted; p. pr. & vb. n. Refuting.] [F. r\'82futer, L. refuteare to repel, refute. Cf. Confute, Refuse to deny.] To disprove and overthrow by argument, evidence, or countervailing proof; to prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; as, to refute arguments; to refute testimony; to refute opinions or theories; to refute a disputant.
There were so many witnesses in these two miracles that it is impossible to refute such multitudes. Addison.
Syn. -- To confute; disprove. See Confute.

Refuter

Re*fut"er (-f?t"?r), n. One who, or that which, refutes.

Regain

Re*gain" (r?*g?n"), v. t. [Pref. re- + gain: cf. F. regagner.] To gain anew; to get again; to recover, as what has escaped or been lost; to reach again. Syn. -- To recover; reobtain; repossess; retrieve.

Regal

Re"gal (r?"gal), a. [L. regalis, fr. rex, regis, a king. See Royal, and cf. Rajah, Realm, Regalia.] Of or pertaining to a king; kingly; royal; as, regal authority, pomp, or sway. "The regal title." Shak.
He made a scorn of his regal oath. Milton.
Syn. -- Kingly; royal. See Kingly.

Regal

Re"gal, n. [F. r\'82gale, It. regale. CF. Rigoll.] (Mus.) A small portable organ, played with one hand, the bellows being worked with the other, -- used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

Regale

Re*ga"le (r?*g?"l?), n. [LL. regale, pl. regalia, fr. L. regalis: cf. F. r\'82gale. See Regal.] A prerogative of royalty. [R.] Johnson.

Regale

Re*gale" (r?*g?l), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Regaled (-g?ld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Regaling.] [F. r\'82galer, Sp. regalar to regale, to caress, to melt, perhaps fr. L. regalare to thaw (cff. Gelatin), or cf. Sp. gala graceful, pleasing address, choicest part of a thing (cf. Gala), or most likely from OF. galer to rejoice, gale pleasure.] To enertaas, to regale the taste, the eye, or the ear.

Regale

Re*gale", v. i. To feast; t

Regale

Re*gale", n. [F. r\'82gal. See Regale, v. t.] A sumptuous repast; a banquet. Johnson. Cowper.
Two baked custards were produced as additions to the regale. E. E. Hale.

Regalement

Re*gale"ment (-ment), n. The act of regaling; anything which regales; refreshment; entertainment.

Regaler

Re*gal"er (-g?l"?r), n. One who regales.

Regalia

Re*ga"li*a (r?*g?"l?*?), n. pl. [LL., from L. regalisregal. See Regal.]

1. That which belongs to royalty. Specifically: (a) The rights and prerogatives of a king. (b) Royal estates and revenues. (c) Ensings, symbols, or paraphernalia of royalty.

2. Hence, decorations or insignia of an office or order, as of Freemasons, Odd Fellows,etc.

3. Sumptuous food; delicacies. [Obs.] Cotton. Regalia of a church, the privileges granted to it by kings; sometimes, its patrimony. Brande & C.

Regalia

Re*ga"li*a, n. A kind of cigar of large size and superior quality; also, the size in which such cigars are classed.

Regalian

Re*ga"li*an (-an), a. Pertaining to regalia; pertaining to the royal insignia or prerogatives. Hallam.

Regalism

Re"gal*ism (r?"gal*?z'm), n. The doctrine of royal prerogative or supremacy. [R.] Cardinal Manning.

Regality

Re*gal"i*ty (r?*g?l"?*t?), n. [LL. regalitas, from L. regalis regal, royal. See Regal, and cf. Royality.]

1. Royalty; ssovereignty; sovereign jurisdiction.

[Passion] robs reason of her due regalitie. Spenser.
He came partly in by the sword, and had high courage in all points of regality. Bacon.

2. An ensign or badge of royalty. [Obs.]

Regally

Re"gal*ly (r?"gal*l?), adv. In a regal or royal manner.

Regard

Re*gard" (r?*g?rd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Regarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Regarding.] [F. regarder; pref. re- re + garder to guard, heed, keep. See Guard, and cf. Reward.]

1. To keep in view; to behold; to look at; to view; to gaze upon.

Your niece regards me with an eye of favor. Shak.

2. Hence, to look or front toward; to face. [Obs.]

It is peninsula which regardeth the mainland. Sandys.
That exceedingly beatiful seat, on the assregarding the river. Evelyn.

3. To look closely at; to observe attentively; to pay attention to; to notice or remark particularly.

If much you note him, You offened him; . . . feed, and regard him not. Shak.

4. To look upon, as in a certain relation; to hold as an popinion; to consider; as, to regard abstinence from wine as a duty; to regard another as a friend or enemy.

5. To consider and treat; to have a certain feeling toward; as, to regard one with favor or dislike.

His associates seem to have regarded him with kindness. Macaulay.

6. To pay respect to; to treat as something of peculiar value, sanctity, or the like; to care for; to esteem.

He that regardeth thae day, regardeth it into the LOrd. Rom. xiv. 6.
Here's Beaufort, that regards nor God nor king. Shak.

7. To take into consideration; to take account of, as a fact or condition. "Nether regarding that she is my child, nor fearing me as if II were her father." Shak.

8. To have relation to, as bearing upon; to respect; to relate to; to touch; as, an argument does not regard the question; -- often used impersonally; as, I agree with you as regards this or that. Syn. -- To consider; observe; remark; heed; mind; respect; esteem; estimate; value. See Attend.

Regard

Re*gard" (r?*g?rd"), v. i. To look attentively; to consider; to notice. [Obs.] Shak.

Regard

Re*gard", n. [F. regard See Regard, v. t.]

1. A look; aspect directed to another; view; gaze.

But her, with stern regard, he thus repelled. Milton.

2. Attention of the mind with a feeling of interest; observation; heed; notice.

Full many a lady I have eyed with best regard. Shak.

3. That view of the mind which springs from perception of value, estimable qualities, or anything that excites admiration; respect; esteem; reverence; affection; as, to have a high regard for a person; -- often in the plural.

He has rendered himself worthy of their most favorable regards. A. Smith.
Save the long-sought regards of woman, nothing is sweeter than those marks of childish preference. Hawthorne.

4. State of being regarded, whether favorably or otherwise; estimation; repute; note; account.

A man of meanest regard amongst them, neither having wealth or power. Spenser.

5. Consideration; thought; reflection; heed.

Sad pause and deep regard become the sage. Shak.

6. Matter for conssideration; account; condition. [Obs.] "Reason full of good regard." Shak.

7. Respect; relation; reference.

Persuade them to pursue and persevere in virtue, with regard to themselves; in justice and goodness with regard to their neighbors; and piefy toward God. I. Watts.
&hand; The phrase in regard of was formerly used as equivalent in meaning to on account of, but in modern usage is often improperly substituted for in respect to, or in regard to. G. P. Marsh.
Change was thought necessary in regard of the injury the church did receive by a number of things then in use. Hooker.
In regard of its security, it had a great advantage over the bandboxes. Dickens.

8. Object of sight; scene; view; aspect. [R.]

Throw out our eyes for brave Othello, Even till we make the main and the a\'89rial blue An indistinct regard. Shak.

9. (O.Eng.Law) Supervision; inspection. At regard of, in consideration of; in comparison with. [Obs.] "Bodily penance is but short and little at regard of the pains of hell." Chaucer. -- Court of regard, a forest court formerly held in England every third year for the lawing, or expeditation, of dogs, to prevent them from running after deer; -- called also survey of dogs. Blackstone. Syn. -- Respect; consideration; notice; observance; heed; care; concern; estimation; esteem; attachment; reverence.

Regardable

Re*gard"a*ble (-?*b'l), a. Worthy of regard or notice; to be regarded; observable. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Regardant

Re*gard"ant (-ant), a. [F. regardant, fr. regarder. See Regard, v. t.] [Written also regardant.]

1. Looking behind; looking backward watchfully.

[He] turns thither his regardant eye. Southey.

2. (Her.) Looking behind or backward; as, a lion regardant.

3. (O.Eng.Law) Annexed to the land or manor; as, a villain regardant.

Regarder

Re*gard"er (r?*g?rd"?r), n.

1. One who regards.

2. (Eng. Forest law) An officer appointed to supervise the forest. Cowell.

Regardful

Re*gard"ful (-f?l), a. Heedful; attentive; observant. -- Re*gard"ful*ly, adv.
Let a man be very tender and regardful of every pious motion made by the Spirit of God to his heart. South.
Syn. -- Mindful; heedful; attentive; observant.

Regarding

Re*gard"ing, prep. Concerning; respecting.

Regardless

Re*gard"less, a.

1. Having no regard; heedless; careless; as, regardless of life, consequences, dignity.

Regardless of the bliss wherein he sat. Milton.

2. Not regarded; slighted. [R.] Spectator. Syn. -- Heedless; negligent; careless; indifferent; unconcerned; inattentive; unobservant; neglectful. -- Re*gard"less*ly, adv. -- Re*gard"less*ness, n.

Regather

Re*gath"er (r?*g?th"?r), v. t. To gather again.

Regatta

Re*gat"ta (r?*g?t"t?), n.; pl. Regattas (-t. [It. regatta, regata.] Originally, a gondola race in Venice; now, a rowing or sailing race, or a series of such races.

Regel

Re"gel (r?"g?l), n. (Astron.) See Rigel.

Regelate

Re"ge*late (r?"j?*l?t ∨ r?j"?-), v. i. (Physics) To freeze together again; to undergo regelation, as ice.

Regelation

Re`ge*la"tion (-l?"sh?n), n. [Pref. re- + L. gelatio a freezing.] (Physics) The act or process of freezing anew, or together,as two pieces of ice. &hand; Two pieces of ice at (or even) 32regelation
. Faraday.

Regence

Re"gence (r?"jens), n. Rule. [Obs.] Hudibras.

Regency

Re"gen*cy (r?*jen*s?), n.; pl. Regencies (-s. [CF. F. r\'82gence, LL. regentia. See Regent, a.]

1. The office of ruler; rule; authority; government.

2. Especially, the office, jurisdiction, or dominion of a regent or vicarious ruler, or of a body of regents; deputed or vicarious government. Sir W. Temple.

3. A body of men intrusted with vicarious government; as, a regency constituted during a king's minority, absence from the kingdom, or other disability.

A council or regency consisting of twelve persons. Lowth.

Regeneracy

Re*gen"er*a*cy (r?*j?n"?r*?*s?), n. [See Regenerate.] The state of being regenerated. Hammond.

Regenerate

Re*gen"er*ate (-?t), a. [L. regeneratus, p. p. of regenerare to regenerate; pref. re- re- + generare to beget. See Generate.]

1. Reproduced.

The earthly author of my blood, Whose youthful spirit, in me regenerate, Doth with a twofold vigor lift me up. Shak.

2. (Theol.) Born anew; become Christian; renovated in heart; changed from a natural to a spiritual state.


Page 1210

Regenerate

Re*gen"er*ate (r?*j?n"?r*?t), v. t.

1. To generate or produce anew; to reproduce; to give new life, strength, or vigor to.

Through all the soil a genial fferment spreads. Regenerates the plauts, and new adorns the meads. Blackmore.

2. (Theol.) To cause to be spiritually born anew; to cause to become a Christian; to convert from sin to holiness; to implant holy affections in the heart of.

3. Hence, to make a radical change for the better in the character or condition of; as, to regenerate society.

Regenerateness

Re*gen"er*ate*ness (-?t*n?s), n. The quality or state of being rgenerate.

Regeneration

Re*gen`er*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. [L. regeneratio: cf. F. r\'82g\'82neration.]

1. The act of regenerating, or the state of being regenerated.

2. (Theol.) The entering into a new spiritual life; the act of becoming, or of being made, Christian; that change by which holy affectations and purposes are substituted for the opposite motives in the heart.

He saved us by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Chost. Tit. iii. 5.

3. (Biol.) The reproduction of a part which has been removed or destroyed; re-formation; -- a process especially characteristic of a many of the lower animals; as, the regeneration of lost feelers, limbs, and claws by spiders and crabs.

4. (Physiol.) (a) The reproduction or renewal of tissues, cells, etc., which have been used up and destroyed by the ordinary processes of life; as, the continual regeneration of the epithelial cells of the body, or the regeneration of the contractile substance of muscle. (b) The union of parts which have been severed, so that they become anatomically perfect; as, the regeneration of a nerve.

Regenerative

Re*gen"er*a*tive (r?*j?n"?r*?*t?v), a. Of or pertaining to regeneration; tending to regenerate; as, regenerative influences. H. Bushnell. Regenerative furnace (Metal.), a furnace having a regenerator in which gas used for fuel, and air for supporting combustion, are heated; a Siemens furnace.

Regeneratively

Re*gen"er*a*tive*ly, adv. So as to regenerate.

Regenerator

Re*gen"er*a`tor (-?`t?r), n.

1. One who, or that which, regenerates.

2. (Mech.) A device used in connection with hot-air engines, gas-burning furnaces, etc., in which the incoming air or gas is heated by being brought into contact with masses of iron, brick, etc., which have been previously heated by the outgoing, or escaping, hot air or gas.

Regeneratory

Re*gen"er*a*to*ry (-?*t?*r?), a. Having power to renew; tending to reproduce; regenerating. G. S. Faber.

Regenesis

Re*gen"e*sis (-?*s?s), n. New birth; renewal.
A continued regenesis of dissenting sects. H. Spenser.

Regent

Re"gent (r?"jent), a. [L. regens, -entis, p. pr. of regere to rule: cf. F. r\'82gent. See Regiment.]

1. Ruling; governing; regnant. "Some other active regent principle . . . which we call the soul." Sir M. Hale.

2. Exercising vicarious authority. Milton. Queen regent. See under Queen, n.

Regent

Re"gent, n. [F. r\'82gent. See Regent, a.]

1. One who rules or reigns; a governor; a ruler. Milton.

2. Especially, one invested with vicarious authority; one who governs a kingdom in the minority, absence, or disability of the sovereign.

3. One of a governing board; a trustee or overseer; a superintendent; a curator; as, the regents of the Smithsonian Institution.

4. (Eng.Univ.) A resident master of arts of less than five years' standing, or a doctor of less than twwo. They were formerly privileged to lecture in the schools. Regent bird (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful Australian bower bird (Sericulus melinus). The male has the head, neck, and large patches on the wings, bright golden yellow, and the rest of the plumage deep velvety black; -- so called in honor of the Prince of Wales (afterward George IV.), who was Prince Regent in the reign of George III. -- The Regents of the University of the State of New York, the members of a corporate body called the University of New York. They have a certain supervisory power over the incorporated institution for Academic and higher education in the State.

Regentess

Re"gent*ess, n. A female regent. [R.] Cotgrave.

Regentship

Re"gent*ship, n. The office of a regent; regency.

Regerminate

Re*ger"mi*nate (r?*j?r"m?*n?t), v. i. [Pref. re- + germinate: cf. L. regerminare.] To germinate again.
Perennial plants regerminate several years successively. J. Lee.

Regermination

Re*ger`mi*na"tion (-n?"sh?n), n. [L. regerminatio.] A germinating again or anew.

Regest

Re*gest" (r?*j?st"), n. [L. regesta, pl.: cf. OF. regestes, pl. See Register.] A register. [Obs.] Milton.

Reget

Re*get" (r?*g?t"), v. t. To get again.

Regian

Re"gi*an (r?"j?-an), n. [L. regius regal.] An upholder of kingly authority; a royalist. [Obs.] Fuller.

Regible

Reg"i*ble (r?j"?*b'l), a. [L. regibilis, from regere to rule.] Governable; tractable. [Obs.]

Regicidal

Reg"i*ci`dal (r?j"?*s?`dal), a. Pertaining to regicide, or to one committing it; having the nature of, or resembling, regicide. Bp. Warburton.

Regicide

Reg"i*cide (r?j"?*s?d), n. [F. r\'82gicide; L. rex, regis, a king + caedere to kill. Cf. Homicide.]

1. One who kills or who murders a king; specifically (Eng.Hist.), one of the judges who condemned Charles I. to death.

2. The killing or the murder of a king.

Regild

Re*gild" (r?*g?ld"), v. t. To gild anew.

R\'82gime

R\'82`gime" (r?`zh?m"), n. [F. See Regimen.]

1. Mode or system of rule or management; character of government, or of the prevailing social system.

I dream . . . of the new r\'82gime which is to come. H. Kingsley.

2. (Hydraul.) The condition of a river with respect to the rate of its flow, as measured by the volume of water passing different cross sections in a given time, uniform r\'82gime being the condition when the flow is equal and uniform at all the cross sections. The ancient r\'82gime, ∨ Ancien r\'82gime [F.], the former political and social system, as distinguished from the modern; especially, the political and social system existing in France before the Revolution of 1789.

Regimen

Reg"i*men (r?j"?*m?n), n. [L. regimen, -inis, fr. regere to guide, to rule. See Right, and cf. Regal, R\'82gime, Regiment.]

1. Orderly government; system of order; adminisration. Hallam.

2. Any regulation or remedy which is intended to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation; esp. (Med.), a systematic course of diet, etc., pursed with a view to improving or preserving the health, or for the purpose of attaining some particular effect, as a reduction of flesh; -- sometimes used synonymously with hygiene.

3. (Gram.) (a) A syntactical relation between words, as when one depends on another and is regulated by it in respect to case or mood; government. (b) The word or words governed.

Regiment

Reg"i*ment (-ment), n. [F. r\'82giment a regiment of men, OF. also government, L. regimentum government, fr. regere to guide, rule. See Regimen.]

1. Government; mode of ruling; rule; authority; regimen. [Obs.] Spenser. "Regiment of health." Bacon.

But what are kings, when regiment is gone, But perfect shadows in a sunshine day? Marlowe.
The law of nature doth now require of necessity some kind of regiment. Hocker.

2. A region or district governed. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. (Mil.) A body of men, either horse, foot, or artillery, commanded by a colonel, and consisting of a number of companies, usually ten. &hand; In the British army all the artillery are included in one regiment, which (reversing the usual practice) is divided into brigades. Regiment of the line (Mil.), a regiment organized for general service; -- in distinction from those (as the Life Guards) whose duties are usually special. [Eng.]

Regiment

Reg"i*ment (-m?nt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Regimented; p. pr. & vb. n. Regimenting.] To form into a regiment or into regiments. Washington.

Regimental

Reg`i*men"tal (-m?n"tal), a. Belonging to, or concerning, a regiment; as, regimental officers, clothing. Regimental school, in the British army, a school for the instruction of the private soldiers of a regiment, and their children, in the rudimentary branches of education.

Regimentally

Reg`i*men"tal*ly, adv. In or by a regiment or regiments; as, troops classified regimentally.

Regimentals

Reg`i*men"tals (-talz), n. pl. (Mil.) The uniform worn by the officers and soldiers of a regiment; military dress; -- formerly used in the singular in the same sense. Colman.

Regiminal

Re*gim"i*nal (r?*j?m"?*nal), a. Of or relating to regimen; as, regiminal rules.

Region

Re"gion (r?"j?n), n. [F. r\'82gion, from L. regio a direction, a boundary line, region, fr. regere to guide, direct. See Regimen.]

1. One of the grand districts or quarters into which any space or surface, as of the earth or the heavens, is conceived of as divided; hence, in general, a portion of space or territory of indefinite extent; country; province; district; tract.

If thence he 'scappe, into whatever world, Or unknown region. Milton.

2. Tract, part, or space, lying about and including anything; neighborhood; vicinity; sphere. "Though the fork invade the region of my heart." Shak.

Philip, tetrarch of .. the region of Trachonitis. Luke iii. 1.

3. The upper air; the sky; the heavens. [Obs.]

Anon the dreadful thunder Doth rend the region. Shak.

4. The inhabitants of a district. Matt. iii. 5.

5. Place; rank; station. [Obs. or R.]

He is of too high a region. Shak.

Regional

Re"gion*al (-al), a. Of or pertaining to a particular region; sectional.

Regious

Re"gi*ous (-j?*?s), a. [L. regius royal, fr. rex, regis, king.] Regal; royal. [Obs.] Harrington.

Register

Reg"is*ter (r?j"?s*t?r), n. [OE. registre, F. registre, LL. registrum,regestum, L. regesta, pl., fr. regerere, regestum, to carry back, to register; pref. re- re- + gerere to carry. See Jest, and cf. Regest.]

1. A written account or entry; an official or formal enumeration, description, or record; a memorial record; a list or roll; a schedule.

As you have one eye upon my follies, . . . turn another into the register of your own. Shak.

2. (Com.) (a) A record containing a list and description of the merchant vessels belonging to a port or customs district. (b) A certificate issued by the collector of customs of a port or district to the owner of a vessel, containing the description of a vessel, its name, ownership, and other material facts. It is kept on board the vessel, to be used as an evidence of nationality or as a muniment of title.

3. [Cf. LL. registrarius. Cf. Regisrar.] One who registers or records; a registrar; a recorder; especially, a public officer charged with the duty of recording certain transactions or events; as, a register of deeds.

4. That which registers or records. Specifically: (a) (Mech.) A contrivance for automatically noting the performance of a machine or the rapidity of a process. (b) (Teleg.) The part of a telegraphic apparatus which records automatically the message received. (c) A machine for registering automatically the number of persons passing through a gateway, fares taken, etc.; a telltale.

5. A lid, stopper, or sliding plate, in a furnace, stove, etc., for regulating the admission of air to the fuel; also, an arrangement containing dampers or shutters, as in the floor or wall of a room or passage, or in a chimney, for admitting or excluding heated air, or for regulating ventilation.

6. (Print.) (a) The inner part of the mold in which types are cast. (b) The correspondence of pages, columns, or lines on the opposite or reverse sides of the sheet. (c) The correspondence or adjustment of the several impressions in a design which is printed in parts, as in chromolithographic printing, or in the manufacture of paper hangings. See Register, v. i. 2.

7. (Mus.) (a) The compass of a voice or instrument; a specified portion of the compass of a voice, or a series of vocal tones of a given compass; as, the upper, middle, or lower register; the soprano register; the tenor register. &hand; In respect to the vocal tones, the thick register properly extends below from the F on the lower space of the treble staff. The thin register extends an octave above this. The small register is above the thin. The voice in the thick register is called the chest voice; in the thin, the head voice. Falsetto is a kind off voice, of a thin, shrull quality, made by using the mechanism of the upper thin register for tones below the proper limit on the scale. E. Behnke. (b) A stop or set of pipes in an organ. Parish register, A book in which are recorded the births, baptisms, marriages, deaths, and burials in a parish. Syn. -- List; catalogue; roll; record; archives; chronicle; annals. See List.

Register

Reg"is*ter (r?j"?s*t?r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Registere (-t?rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Registering.] [Cf. F. regisrer, exregistrer, LL. registrare. See Register, n.]

1. T

2. To enroll; to enter in a list.

Such follow him as shall be registered. Milton.
Registered letter, a letter, the address of which is, on payment of a special fee, registered in the post office and the transmission and delivery of which are attended to with particular care.

Register

Reg"is*ter, v. i.

1. To enroll one's name in a register.

2. (Print.) To correspond in ralative position; as, two pages, columns, etc. , register when the corresponding parts fall in the same line, or when line falls exactly upon line in reverse pages, or (as in chromatic printing) where the various colors of the design are printed consecutively, and perfect adjustment of parts is necessary.

Registering

Reg"is*ter*ing, a. Recording; -- applied to instruments; having an apparatus which registers; as, a registering thermometer. See Recording.

Registership

Reg"is*ter*ship, n. The office of a register.

Registrant

Reg"is*trant (-trant), n. [L. registrans, p. pr.] One who registers; esp., one who , by virtue of securing an official registration, obtains a certain right or title of possession, as to a trade-mark.

Registrar

Reg"is*trar (-tr?r), n. [LL. registrarius, or F. r\'82gistraire. See Register.] One who registers; a recorder; a keeper of records; as, a registrar of births, deaths, and marriages. See Register, n., 3.

Registrarship

Reg"is*trar*ship, n. The office of a registrar.

Registrary

Reg"is*tra*ry (- tr?*r?), n. A registrar. [Obs.]

Registrate

Reg"is*trate (-tr?t), v. t. To register. [R.]

Registration

Reg`is*tra"tion (-tr?"sh?n), n. [LL. registratio, or F. r\'82gistration. See Register, v.]

1. The act of registering; registry; enrollment.

2. (Mus.) The art of selecting and combining the stops or registers of an organ.

Registry

Reg"is*try (r?j"?s*tr?), n.

1. The act of recording or writing in a register; enrollment; registration.

2. The place where a register is kept.

3. A record; an account; a register. Sir W. Temple.

Regius

Re"gi*us (r?l"?*?s), a. [L. regius, from rex, regis, a king.] Of or pertaining to a king; royal. Regius professor, an incumbent of a professorship founded by royal bounty, as in an English university.

Regive

Re*give" (r?*g?v"), v. t. To give again; to give back.

Regle

Re"gle (r?g"'l) v. t. [See Reglement.] To rule; to govern. [Obs.] "To regle their lives." Fuller.

Reglement

Re"gle*ment (r?g"'l*ment), n. [F. r\'82glement, fr. r\'82gler, L. regulare. See Regulate.] Regulation. [Obs.]
The reformation and reglement of usuary. Bacon.

Reglementary

Reg`le*men"ta*ry (-l?*m?n"t?*r?), a. [F. r\'82glementaire, fr. r\'82glement.] Regulative. [R.]

Reglet

Reg"let (r?g"l?t), n. [F. r\'82glet, dim. of r\'8agle a rule, L. regula. See Rule.]

1. (Arch.) A flat, narrow molding, used chiefly to separate the parts or members of compartments or panels from one another, or doubled, turned, and interlaced so as to form knots, frets, or other ornaments. See Illust. (12) of Column.

2. (Print.)A strip of wood or metal of the height of a quadrat, used for regulating the space between pages in a chase, and also for spacing out title-pages and other open matter. It is graded to different sizes, and designated by the name of the type that it matches; as, nonpareil reglet, pica reglet, and the like.

Regma

Reg"ma (r?g"m?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A kind of dry fruit, consisting of three or more cells, each which at length breaks open at the inner angle.

Regmacarp

Reg"ma*carp (-k?rp), n [Regma + Gr. (Bot.) Any dry dehiscent fruit.

Regnal

Reg"nal (r?g"nal), a. [L. regnum reign.] Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch; as, regnal years.

Regnancy

Reg"nan*cy (-nan*s?), n. The condition or quality of being regnant; sovereignty; rule. Coleridge.

Regnant

Reg"nant (-nant), a. [L. regnans, -antis, p. pr. of regnare to reign: cf. F r\'82gnant. See Reign.]

1. Exercising regal authority; reigning; as, a queen regnant.

2. Having the chief power; ruling; predominant; prevalent. "A traitor to the vices regnant." Swift.

Regnative

Reg"na*tive (-n?*t?v), a. Ruling; governing. [Obs.]

Regne

Regne (r?n), n. & v. See Reign. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Regorge

Re*gorge" (r?*g?rj"), v. t. [F. regorder; re- + gorger to gorge. Cf. Regurgitate.]

1. To vomit up; to eject from the stomach; to throw back. Hayward.

2. To swallow again; to swallow back.

Tides at highest mark regorge the flood. DRyden.

Page 1211

Regrade

Re*grade" (r?*gr?d"), v. i. [L. re- re- + gradi to go. Cf. Regrede. ] To retire; to go back. [Obs.] W. Hales.

Regraft

Re*graft" (r?*gr?ft"), v. t. To graft again.

Regrant

Re*grant" (r?*gr?nt"), v. t. To grant back; to grant again or anew. Ayliffe.

Regrant

Re*grant", n.

1. The act of granting back to a former proprietor.

2. A renewed of a grant; as, the regrant of a monopoly.

Regrate

Re*grate" (r?*gr?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Regrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Regrating.] [F. regratter, literally, to scrape again. See Re-, and Grate, v. t.]

1. (Masonry) To remove the outer surface of, as of an old hewn stone, so as to give it a fresh appearance.

2. To offend; to shock. [Obs.] Derham.

Regrate

Re*grate", v. t. [F. regratter to regrate provisions; of uncertain origin.] (Eng.Law) To buy in large quantities, as corn, provisions, etc., at a market or fair, with the intention of selling the same again, in or near the same place, at a higher price, -- a practice which was formerly treated as a public offense.

Regrater

Re*grat"er (-?r), n. [F. regrattier.] One who regrates.

Regratery

Re*grat"er*y, n. The act or practice of regrating.

Regratiatory

Re*gra"ti*a*to*ry (r?*gr?"sh?*?*t?*r?), n. A returning or giving of thanks. [Obs.] Skelton.

Regrator

Re*grat"or (r?*gr?t"?r), n. One guilty of regrating.

Regrede

Re*grede" (r?*gr?d"), v. i. [L. regredi to go back. Cf. Regrade, Regress.] To go back; to retrograde, as the apsis of a planet's orbit. [R.] Todhunter.

Regredience

Re*gre"di*ence (r?*gr?"d?-ens), n. A going back; a retrogression; a return. [R.] Herrick.

Regreet

Re*greet" (r?*gr?t"), v. t. To greet again; to resalute; to return a salutation to; to greet. Shak.

Regreet

Re*greet", n. A return or exchange of salutation.

Regress

Re"gress (r?"gr?s), n. [L. regressus, fr. regredi, regressus. See Regrede.]

1. The act of passing back; passage back; return; retrogression. "The progress or regress of man". F. Harrison.

2. The power or liberty of passing back. Shak.

Regress

Re*gress" (r?*gr?s"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Regressed (-gr?st"); p. pr. & vb. n. Regressing.] To go back; to return to a former place or state. Sir T. Browne.

Regression

Re*gres"sion (r?*gr?sh"?n), n. [L. regressio: cf. F. r\'82gression.] The act of passing back or returning; retrogression; retrogradation. Sir T. Browne. Edge of regression (of a surface) (Geom.), the line along which a surface turns back upon itself; -- called also a cuspidal edge. -- Regression point (Geom.), a cusp.

Regressive

Re*gress"ive (r?*gr?s"?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82gressif.]

1. Passing back; returning.

2. Characterized by retrogression; retrogressive. Regressive metamorphism. (a) (Biol.) See Retrogression. (b) (Physiol.) See Katabolism.

Regressively

Re*gress"ive*ly, adv. In a regressive manner.

Regret

Re*gret" (r?*gr?t"), n [F., fr. regretter. See Regret, ]

1. Pain of mind on account of something done or experienced in the past, with a wish that it had been different; a looking back with dissatisfaction or with longing; grief; sorrow; especially, a mourning on account of the loss of some joy, advantage, or satisfaction. "A passionate regret at sin." Dr. H. More.

What man does not remember with regret the first time he read Robinson Crusoe? Macaulay.
Never any prince expressed a more lively regret for the loss of a servant. Clarendon.
From its peaceful bosom [the grave] spring none but fond regrets and tender recollections. W. Irving.

2. Dislike; aversion. [Obs.] Dr. H. More. Syn. -- Grief; concern; sorrow; lamentation; repentance; penitence; self-condemnation. -- Regret, Remorse, Compunction, Contrition, Repentance. Regret does not carry with it the energy of remorse, the sting of compunction, the sacredness of contrition, or the practical character of repentance. We even apply the term regret to circumstance over which we have had no control, as the absence of friends or their loss. When connected with ourselves, it relates rather to unwise acts than to wrong or sinful ones. C. J. Smith.

Regret

Re*gret", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Regretted (-t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Regretting.] [F. regretter, OF. regreter; L. pref. re- re- + a word of Teutonic origin; cf. Goth. gr to weep, Icel. gr. See Greet to lament.] To experience regret on account of; to lose or miss with a sense of regret; to feel sorrow or dissatisfaction on account of (the happening or the loss of something); as, to regret an error; to regret lost opportunities or friends.
Calmly he looked on either life, and here Saw nothing to regret, or there to fear. Pope.
In a few hours they [the Israelites] began to regret their slavery, and to murmur against their leader. Macaulay.
Recruits who regretted the plow from which they had been violently taken. Macaulay.

Regretful

Re*gret"ful (-f?l), a. Full of regret; indulging in regrets; repining. -- Re*gret"ful*ly, adv.

Regrow

Re*grow" (r?*gr?"), v. i. & t. To grow again.
The snail had power to regrow them all [horns, tongue, etc.] A. B. Buckley.

Regrowth

Re*growth" (r?*gr?th"), n. The act of regrowing; a second or new growth. Darwin.
The regrowth of limbs which had been cut off. A. B. Buckley.

Reguardant

Re*guard"ant (r?*g?rd"ant), a. (Her.) Same as Regardant.

Reguerdon

Re*guer"don (r?*g?r"d?n), v. t. [Pref. re- re- + guerdon: cf. OF. reguerdonner.] To reward. [Obs.] Shak.

Regulable

Reg"u*la*ble (r?g"?*l?*b'l), a. Capable of being regulated. [R.]

Regular

Reg"u*lar (-l?r), a. [L. regularis, fr. regula a rule, fr. regere to guide, to rule: cf. F. r\'82gulier. See Rule.]

1. Conformed to a rule; agreeable to an established rule, law, principle, or type, or to established customary forms; normal; symmetrical; as, a regular verse in poetry; a regular piece of music; a regular verb; regular practice of law or medicine; a regular building.

2. Governed by rule or rules; steady or uniform in course, practice, or occurence; not subject to unexplained or irrational variation; returning at stated intervals; steadily pursued; orderlly; methodical; as, the regular succession of day and night; regular habits.

3. Constituted, selected, or conducted in conformity with established usages, rules, or discipline; duly authorized; permanently organized; as, a regular meeting; a regular physican; a regular nomination; regular troops.

4. Belonging to a monastic order or community; as, regular clergy, in distinction dfrom the secular clergy.

5. Thorough; complete; unmitigated; as, a regular humbug. [Colloq.]

6. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Having all the parts of the same kind alike in size and shape; as, a regular flower; a regular sea urchin.

7. (Crystallog.) Same as Isometric. Regular polygon (Geom.), a plane polygon which is both equilateral and equiangular. -- Regular polyhedron (Geom.), a polyhedron whose faces are equal regular polygons. There are five regular polyhedrons, -- the tetrahedron, the hexahedron, or cube, the octahedron, the dodecahedron, and the icosahedron. -- Regular sales (Stock Exchange), sales of stock deliverable on the day after the transaction. -- Regular troops, troops of a standing or permanent army; -- opposed to militia.<-- or opposed to reserves --> Syn. -- Normal; orderly; methodical. See Normal.

Regular

Reg"u*lar (r?g"?*l?r), n. [LL. regularis: cf. F. r\'82gulier. See Regular, a.]

1. (R. C. Ch.) A member of any religious order or community who has taken the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, and who has been solemnly recognized by the church. Bp. Fitzpatrick.

2. (Mil.) A soldier belonging to a permanent or standing army; -- chiefly used in the plural.

Regularia

Reg`u*la"ri*a (r?g`?*l?"r?*?), n.pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Echini which includes the circular, or regular, sea urchins.

Regularity

Reg`u*lar"i*ty (-l?r"?*t?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82gularit\'82.] The condition or quality of being regular; as, regularity of outline; the regularity of motion.

Regularize

Reg"u*lar*ize (r?g"?*l?r*?z), v. t. To cause to become regular; to regulate. [R.]

Regularly

Reg"u*lar*ly, adv. In a regular manner; in uniform order; methodically; in due order or time.

Regularness

Reg"u*lar*ness, n. Regularity. Boyle.

Regulato

Reg"u*lato (-l?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Regulated (-l?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Regulating.] [L. regulatus, p. p. of regulare, fr. regula. See Regular.]

1. To adjust by rule, method, or established mode; to direct by rule or restriction; to subject to governing principles or laws.

The laws which regulate the successions of the seasons. Macaulay.
The herdsmen near the frontier adjudicated their own disputes, and regulated their own police. Bancroft.

2. To put in good order; as, to regulate the disordered state of a nation or its finances.

3. To adjust, or maintain, with respect to a desired rate, degree, or condition; as, to regulate the temperature of a room, the pressure of steam, the speed of a machine, etc. To regulate a watch ∨ clock, to adjust its rate of running so that it will keep approximately standard time. Syn. -- To adjust; dispose; methodize; arrange; direct; order; rule; govern.

Regulation

Reg`u*la"tion (-l?"sh?n), n.

1. The act of regulating, or the state of being regulated.

The temper and regulation of our own minds. Macaulay.

2. A rule or order prescribed for management or government; prescription; a regulating principle; a governing direction; precept; law; as, the regulations of a society or a school. Regulation sword, cap, uniform, etc. (Mil.), a sword, cap, uniform, etc., of the kind or quality prescribed by the official regulations. Syn. -- Law; rule; method; principle; order; precept. See Law.

Regulative

Reg"u*la*tive (r?g"?*l?*t?v), a.

1. Tending to regulate; regulating. Whewell.

2. (Metaph.) Necessarily assumed by the mind as fundamental to all other knowledge; furnishing fundamental principles; as, the regulative principles, or principles a priori; the regulative faculty. Sir W. Hamilton. &hand; These terms are borrowed from Kant, and suggest the thought, allowed by Kant, that possibly these principles are only true for the human mind, the operations and belief of which they regulate.

Regulator

Reg"u*la`tor (-l?`t?r), n.

1. One who, or that which, regulates.

2. (Mach.) A contrivance for regulating and controlling motion, as: (a) The lever or index in a watch, which controls the effective length of the hairspring, and thus regulates the vibrations of the balance. (b) The governor of a steam engine. (c) A valve for controlling the admission of steam to the steam chest, in a locomotive.

3. A clock, or other timepiece, used as a standard of correct time. See Astronomical clock (a), under Clock.

4. A member of a volunteer committee which, in default of the lawful authority, undertakes to preserve order and prevent crimes; also, sometimes, one of a band organized for the comission of violent crimes. [U.S.]

A few stood neutral, or declared in favor of the Regulators. Bancroft.

Reguline

Reg"u*line (r?g"?*l?n), a. [Cf. F. r\'82gulin. See Regulus.] (Chem. & Metal.) Of or pertaining to regulus.

Regulize

Reg"u*lize (-l?z), v. t. (Old Chem.) To reduce to regulus; to separate, as a metal from extraneous matter; as, to regulize antimony. [Archaic]

Regulus

Reg"u*lus (-l?s), n.; pl. E. Reguluses (-Reguli (-l. [L., a petty king, prince, dim. of rex, regis, a king: cf. F. r\'82gule. See Regal.]

1. A petty king; a ruler of little power or consequence.

2. (Chem. & Metal.) The button, globule, or mass of metal, in a more or less impure state, which forms in the bottom of the crucible in smelting and reduction of ores. &hand; The name was introduced by the alchemists, and applied by them in the first instance to antimony. Ilittle king; and from the facility with which antimony alloyed with gold, these empirical philosophers had great hopes that this metal, antimony, would lead them to the discovery of the philosopher's stone. Ure.

3. (Astron.) A star of the first magnitude in the constellation Leo; -- called also the Lion's Heart.

Regurgitate

Re*gur"gi*tate (r?*g?r"j?*t?t), v. t. [LL. regurgitare, regurgitatum; L. pref. re- re- + gurges, -itis, a gulf. Cf. Regorge.] To throw or pour back, as from a deep or hollow place; to pour or throw back in great quantity.

Regurgitate

Re*gur"gi*tate, v. i. To be thrown or poured back; to rush or surge back.
The food may regurgitatem the stomach into the esophagus and mouth. Quain.

Regurgitation

Re*gur`gi*ta"tion (-t?"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82gurgitation.]

1. The act of flowing or pouring back by the orifice of entrance; specifically (Med.), the reversal of the natural direction in which the current or contents flow through a tube or cavity of the body. Quain.

2. The act of swallowing again; reabsorption.

Rehabilitate

Re`ha*bil"i*tate (r?`h?*b?l"?*t?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rehabilitated (-t?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Rehabilitating.] [Pref. re- re- + habilitate: cf. LL. rehabilitare, F. r\'82habiliter.] To invest or clothe again with some right, authority, or dignity; to restore to a former capacity; to reinstate; to qualify again; to restore, as a delinquent, to a former right, rank, or privilege lost or forfeited; -- a term of civil and canon law.
Restoring and rehabilitating the party. Burke.

Rehabilitation

Re`ha*bil`i*ta"tion (-t?"sh?n), n. [Cf. LL. rehabilitatio, F. R\'82habilitation.] The act of rehabilitating, or the state of being rehabilitated. Bouvier. Walsh.

Rehash

Re*hash" (r?*h?sh"), v. t. To hash over again; to prepare or use again; as, to rehash old arguments.

Rehash

Re*hash", n.Something hashed over, or made up from old materials.

Rehear

Re*hear" (r?*h?r"), v. t. To hear again; to try a second time; as, to rehear a cause in Chancery.

Rehearsal

Re*hears"al (r?*h?rs"a), n. The act of rehearsing; recital; narration; repetition; specifically, a private recital, performance, or season of practice, in preparation for a public exhibition or exercise. Chaucer.
In rehearsal of our Lord's Prayer. Hooker.
Here's marvelous convenient place for our rehearsal. Shak.
Dress rehearsal (Theater), a private preparatory performance of a drama, opera, etc., in costume.

Rehearse

Re*hearse" (r?*h?rs"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rehearsed (-h?rst"); p. pr. & vb. n. Rehearsing.] [OE. rehercen, rehersen, OF. reherser, rehercier, to harrow over again; pref. re- re- + hercier to harrow, fr. herce a harrow, F. herse. See Hearse.]

1. To repeat, as what has been already said; to tell over again; to recite. Chaucer.

When the words were heard which David spake, they rehearsed them before Saul. 1 Sam. xvii. 31.

2. To narrate; to relate; to tell.

Rehearse the righteous acts of the Lord. Judg. . v. 11.

3. To recite or repeat in private for experiment and improvement, before a public representation; as, to rehearse a tragedy.

4. To cause to rehearse; to instruct by rehearsal. [R.]

He has been rehearsed by Madame Defarge as to his having seen her. Dickens.
Syn. -- To recite; recapitulate; recount; detail; describe; tell; relate; narrate.

Rehearse

Re*hearse", v. i. To recite or repeat something for practice. "There will we rehearse." Shak.

Rehearser

Re*hears"er (-?r), n. One who rehearses.

Reheat

Re*heat" (r?*h?t"), v. t.

1. To heat again.

2. To revive; to cheer; to cherish. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Rehibition

Re`hi*bi"tion (r?`h?*b?sh"?n), n. [Pref. re- + L. habere to have.] (Law) The returning of a thing purchased to the seller, on the ground of defect or frand.

Rehibitory

Re*hib"i*to*ry (r?*h?b"?*t?*r?), a. (Law) Of or relating to rehibition; as, a rehibitory action.

Rehire

Re*hire" (r?*h?r"), v. t. To hire again.

Rehypothecate

Re`hy*poth"e*cate (r?`h?*p?th"?*k?t), v. t. (Law) To hypothecate again. -- Re`hy*poth`e*ca"tion, n.

Rei

Rei (r?), n.;pl. Reis (ror
r. [Pg. real, pl. reis. See Real a coin.] A portuguese money of account, in value about one tenth of a cent. [Spelt also ree.]

Reichsrath

Reichs"rath` (r?ks"r?t), n. [G] The parliament of Austria (exclusive of Hungary, which has its own diet, or parliament). It consists of an Upper and a Lower House, or a House of Lords and a House of Representatives.

Reichsstand

Reichs"stand` (r?ks"st?t`), n. [G.] A free city of the former German empire.

Reichstag

Reichs"tag` (r?ks"t?g`), n. [G.] The Diet, or House of Representatives, of the German empire, which is composed of members elected for a term of three years by the direct vote of the people. See Bundesrath.

Reif

Reif (r?f), n. [AS. re.] Robbery; spoil. [Obs.]

Reigle

Rei"gle (r?"g'l), n. [F. r\'8agle a rule, fr. L. regula. See Rule.] A hollow cut or channel for quiding anything; as, the reigle of a side post for a flood gate. Carew.

Reigle

Rei"gle, v. t. To regulate; to govern. [Obs.]

Reiglement

Rei"gle*ment (-ment), n. [See Reglement.] Rule; regulation. [Obs.] Bacon. Jer. Taylor.

Reign

Reign (r?n), n. [OE. regne, OF. reigne, regne, F. r\'8agne, fr. L. regnum, fr. rex, regis, a king, fr. regere to guide, rule. See Regal, Regimen.]

1. Royal authority; supreme power; sovereignty; rule; dominion.

He who like a father held his reign. Pope.
Saturn's sons received the threefold reign Of heaven, of ocean,, and deep hell beneath. Prior.

2. The territory or sphere which is reigned over; kingdom; empire; realm; dominion. [Obs.] Spenser.

[God] him bereft the regne that he had. Chaucer.

3. The time during which a king, queen, or emperor possesses the supreme authority; as, it happened in the reign of Elizabeth.


Page 1212

Reign

Reign (r?n), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Reigned (r?nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Reigning.] [OE. regnen, reinen, OF. regner, F. r\'82gner, fr. L. regnare, fr. regnum. See Reign, n.]

1. To possess or exercise sovereign power or authority; to exercise government, as a king or emperor;; to hold supreme power; to rule. Chaucer.

We will not have this man to reign over us. Luke xix. 14.
Shall Banquo's issue ever Reign in this kingdom? Shak.

2. Hence, to be predominant; to prevail. "Pestilent diseases which commonly reign in summer." Bacon.

3. To have superior or uncontrolled dominion; to rule.

Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body. Rom. vi. 12.
Syn. -- To rule; govern; direct; control; prevail.

Reigner

Reign"er (r?n"?r), n. One who reigns. [R.]

Reillume

Re`il*lume" (r?`?l*l?m"), v. t. To light again; to cause to shine anew; to relume; to reillumine. "Thou must reillume its spark." J. R. Drake.

Reilluminate

Re`il*lu"mi*nate (-l?"m?*n?t), v. t. To enlighten again; to reillumine.

Reillumination

Re`il*lu`mi*na"tion (-n?"sh?n), n. The act or process of enlightening again.

Reillumine

Re`il*lu"mine (-l?"m?n), v. t. To illumine again or anew; to reillume.

Reim

Reim (r?m), n. [D. riem, akin to G riemen; CF. Gr. A strip of oxhide, deprived of hair, and rendered pliable, -- used for twisting into ropes, etc. [South Africa] Simmonds.

Reimbark

Re`im*bark" (r?`?m*b?rk"), v. t. & i. See Re.

Reimbody

Re`im*bod"y (-b?d"?), v. t. & i. [See Re.] To imbody again. Boyle.

Reimbursable

Re`im*burs"a*ble (r?`?m*b?rs"?*b'l), a. [CF. F. remboursable.] Capable of being repaid; repayable.
A loan has been made of two millions of dollars, reimbursable in ten years. A. Hamilton.

Reimburse

Re`im*burse" (-b?rs"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reimbursed (-b?rst"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reimbursing.] [Pref. re- + imburse: cf. F. rembourser.]

1. To replace in a treasury or purse, as an equivalent for what has been taken, lost, or expended; to refund; to pay back; to restore; as, to reimburse the expenses of a war.

2. To make restoration or payment of an equivalent to (a person); to pay back to; to indemnify; -- often reflexive; as, to reimburse one's self by successful speculation. Paley.

Reimbursement

Re`im*burse"ment (-b?rs"ment), n. [Cf. F. rembursement.] The act reimbursing. A. Hamilton.

Reimburser

Re`im*burs"er (-b?rs"?r), n. One who reimburses.

Reimplant

Re`im*plant" (-pl?nt"), v. t. To implant again.

Reimport

Re`im*port" (-p?rt"), v. t. [Pref. re- + import: cf. F. remporter.] To import again; to import what has been exported; to bring back. Young.

Reimportation

Re*im`por*ta"tion (r?*?m`p?r*t?"sh?n), n. The act of reimporting; also, that which is reimported.

Reimportune

Re*im`por*tune" (-p?r*t?n"), v. t. To importune again.

Reimpose

Re`im*pose" (r?`?m*p?z), v. t. To impose anew.

Reimpregnate

Re`im*preg"nate (-pr?g"n?t), v. t. To impregnate again or anew. Sir T. Browne.

Reimpress

Re`im*press" (-pr?s"), v. t. To impress anew.

Reimpression

Re`im*pres"sion (-pr?sh"?n), n. A second or repeated impression; a reprint.

Reimprint

Re`im*print" (-pr?nt"), v. t. To imprint again.

Reimprison

Re`im*pris"on (-pr?z'n), v. t. To imprison again.

Reimprisonment

Re`im*pris"on*ment (-ment), n. The act of reimprisoning, or the state of being reimprisoned.

Rein

Rein (r?n), n. [F. r≖ne, fr. (assumed) LL. retina, fr. L. retinere to hold back. See Retain.]

1. The strap of a bridle, fastened to the curb or snaffle on each side, by which the rider or driver governs the horse.

This knight laid hold upon his reyne. Chaucer.

2. Hence, an instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing; government; restraint. "Let their eyes rove without rein." Milton. To give rein, To give the rein to, to give license to; to leave withouut restrain. -- To take the reins, to take the guidance or government; to assume control.

Rein

Rein, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reined (r?nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Reining.]

1. To govern or direct with the reins; as, to rein a horse one way or another.

He mounts and reins his horse. Chapman.

2. To restrain; to control; to check.

Being once chafed, he can not Be reined again to temperance. Shak.
To rein in ∨ rein up, to check the speed of, or cause to stop, by drawing the reins.

Rein

Rein, v. i. To be guided by reins. [R.] Shak.

Reinaugurate

Re`in*au"gu*rate, v. t. To inaugurate anew.

Reincit

Re"in*cit" (-s?t"), v. t. To incite again.

Reincorporate

Re`in*cor"po*rate, v. t. To incorporate again.

Reincrease

Re`in*crease" (-kr?s"), v. t. To increase again.

Reincur

Re`in*cur" (-k?r"), v. t. To incur again.

Reindeer

Rein"deer` (r?n"d?r), n. [Icel. hreinn reindeer + E. deer. Icel. hreinn is of Lapp or Finnish origin; cf. Lappish reino pasturage.] [Formerly written also raindeer, and ranedeer.] (Zool.) Any ruminant of the genus Rangifer, of the Deer family, found in the colder parts of both the Eastern and Western hemispheres, and having long irregularly branched antlers, with the brow tines palmate. &hand; The common European species (R. tarandus) is domesticated in Lapland. The woodland reindeer or caribou (R. caribou) is found in Canada and Maine (see Caribou.) The Barren Ground reindeer or caribou (R. Gr\'d2landicus), of smaller size, is found on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, in both hemispheries. Reindeer moss (Bot.), a gray branching lichen (Cladonia rangiferina) which forms extensive patches on the ground in arctic and even in north temperature regions. It is the principal food of the Lapland reindeer in winter. -- Reindeer period (Geol.), a name sometimes given to a part of the Paleolithic era when the reindeer was common over Central Europe.

Reinduce

Re`in*duce" (r?`?n*d?s"), v. t. To induce again.

Reinette

Rei*nette" (r?*n?t"), n. [F. See 1st Rennet.] (Bot.) A name given to many different kinds of apples, mostly of French origin.

Reinfect

Re`in*fect" (r?`?n*f?kt), v. t. [Pref. re- + infect: cf. F. r\'82infecter.] To infect again.

Reinfectious

Re`in*fec"tious (-f?k"sh?s), a.Capable of reinfecting.

Reinforce

Re`in*force" (-f?rs"), v. t. See Re\'89nforce, v. t.

Reinforce

Re`in*force", n. See Re\'89nforce, n.

Reinforcement

Re`in*force"ment (-ment), n. See Re\'89nforcement.

Reinfund

Re`in*fund" (-f?nd"), v. i. [Pref. re- + L. infundere to pour in.] To flow in anew. [Obs.] Swift.

Reingratiate

Re`in*gra"ti*ate (-gr?"sh?*?t), v. t. To ingratiate again or anew. Sir. T. Herbert.

Reinhabit

Re`in*hab"it (-h?b"?t), v. t. To inhabit again. Mede.

Reinless

Rein"less (r?n"l?s), a. Not having, or not governed by, reins; hence, not checked or restrained.

Reins

Reins (r?nz), n. pl. [F. rein, pl. reins, fr. L. ren, pl. renes.]

1. The kidneys; also, the region of the kidneys; the loins.

2. The inward impulses; the affections and passions; -- so called because formerly supposed to have their seat in the part of the body where the kidneys are.

My reins rejoice, when thy lips speak right things. Prov. xxiii. 16.
I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts. Rev. ii. 23.
Reins of a vault (Arch.), the parts between the crown andd the spring or abutment, including, and having especial reference to, the loading or filling behind the shell of the vault. The reins are to a vault nearly what the haunches are to an arch, and when a vault gives way by thrusting outward, it is because its reins are not sufficiently filled up.

Reinsert

Re`in*sert" (r?`?n*s?rt"), v. t. To insert again.

Reinsertion

Re`in*ser"tion (-s?r"sh?n), n. The act of reinserting.

Reinspect

Re`in*spect" (-sp?kt"), v. t. To inspect again.

Reinspection

Re`in*spec"tion (-sp?k"sh?n), n. The act of reinspecting.

Reinspire

Re`in*spire" (-sp?r"), v. t. To inspire anew. Milton.

Reinspirit

Re`in*spir"it (-sp`r"?t), v. t. To give fresh spirit to.

Reinstall

Re`in*stall" (-st?l"), v. t. [Pref. re- + install: cf. F. r\'82installer.] To install again. Milton.

Reinstallment

Re`in*stall"ment (ment), n. A renewed installment.

Reinstate

Re`in*state" (-st?t"), v. t. To place again in possession, or in a former state; to restore to a state from which one had been removed; to instate again; as, to reinstate a king in the possession of the kingdom.
For the just we have said already thet some of them were reinstated in their pristine happiness and felicity. Glanvill.

Reinstatement

Re`in*state"ment (-ment), n. The act of reinstating; the state of being reinstated; re

Reinstation

Re`in*sta"tion (-st?"sh?n), n. Reinstatement. [R.]

Reinstruct

Re`in*struct" (-str?kt"), v. t. To instruct anew.

Reinsurance

Re`in*sur"ance (-sh?r"ans), n.

1. Insurance a second time or again; renewed insurance.

2. A contract by which an insurer is insured wholly or in part against the risk he has incurred in insuring somebody else. See Reassurance.

Reinsure

Re`in*sure" (-sh?r"), v. t.

1. To insure again after a former insuranse has ceased; to renew insurance on.

2. To insure, as life or property, in favor of one who has taken an inssurance risk upon it.

The innsurer may cause the property insured to be reinsured by other persons. Walsh.

Reinsurer

Re`in*sur"er (-sh?r"?r), n. One who gives reinsurance.

Reintegrate

Re*in"te*grate (r?*?n"t?*gr?t), v. t. [Pref. re- + integrate. Cf. Redintegrate.] To renew with regard to any state or quality; to restore; to bring again together into a whole, as the parts off anything; to reas, to reintegrate a nation. Bacon.

Reintegration

Re*in`te*gra"tion (-gr?"sh?n), n. A renewing, or making whole again. See Redintegration.

Reinter

Re`in*ter" (r?`?n*t?r"), v. t. To inter again.

Reinterrogate

Re`in*ter"ro*gate (-t?r"r?*g?t), v. t. To interrogate again; to question repeatedly. Cotgrave.

Reinthrone

Re`in*throne" (-thr?n"), v. t. See Re\'89nthrone.

Reinthronize

Re`in*thron"ize (-?z), v. t. To enthrone again.[Obs.]

Reintroduce

Re*in`tro*duce" (r?*?n`tr?*d?s"), v. t. To introduce again. -- Re*in`tro*duc"tion (-d, n.

Reinvest

Re`in*vest" (r?`?n*v?st"), v. t. To invest again or anew.

Reinvestigate

Re`in*ves"ti*gate (-v?s"t?*g?t), v. t. To investigate again. -- Re`in*ves`ti*ga"tion (-g, n.

Reinvestment

Re`in*vest"ment (-v?st"ment), n. The act of investing anew; a second or repeated investment.

Reinvigorate

Re`in*vig"or*ate (-v?g"?r*?t), v. t. To invigorate anew.

Reinvolve

Re`in*volve" (-v?lv"), v. t. To involve anew.

Reis

Re`is (r?"?s ∨ r?z), n. [Pg., pl. of real, an ancient Portuguese coin.] The word is used as a Portuguese designation of money of account, one hundred reis being about equal in value to eleven cents.

Reis

Reis (r?s), n. [Ar. ra head, chief, prince.] A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship. [Written also rais and ras.]

Reis Effendi

Reis` Ef*fen"di (r?s` ?f*f?n"d?). [See 2d Reis, and Effendi.] A title formerly given to one of the chief Turkish officers of state. He was chancellor of the empire, etc.

Reissner's membrane

Reiss"ner's mem"brane (r?s"n?rz m?m"br?n). [Named from E. Reissner, A German anatomist.] (Anat.) The thin membrane which separates the canal of the cochlea from the vestibular scala in the internal ear.

Reissuable

Re*is"su*a*ble (r?*?sh"?*?*b'l), a. Capable of being reissued.

Reissue

Re*is"sue (r?*?sh"?), v. t. & i. To issue a second time.

Reissue

Re*is"sue, n. A second or repeated issue.

Reit

Reit (r?t), n. Sedge; seaweed. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Reiter

Rei"ter (r?"t?r), n. [G., rider.] A German cavalry soldier of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

Reiteraut

Re*it"er*aut (r?-?t"?r-ant), a. [See Reiterate.] Reiterating. [R.] Mrs. Browning.

Reiterate

Re*it"er*ate (-&amac;t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reiterated (-&amac;`t&ecr;d); p. pr. & vb. n. Reiterating.] [Pref. re- + iterate: cf. F. r\'82it\'82rer, LL. reiterare to question again.] To repeat again and again; to say or do repeatedly; sometimes, to repeat.
That with reiterated crimes he might Heap on himself damnation. Milton.
You never spoke what did become you less Than this; which to reiterate were sin. Shak.
Syn. -- To repeat; recapitulate; rehearse.

Reiterate

Re*it"er*ate (-?t), a. Reiterated; repeated. [R.]

Reiteratedly

Re*it"er*a`ted*ly (-?`t?d-l?), adv. Repeatedly.

Reiteration

Re*it`er*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82it\'82ration.] The act of reiterating; that which is reiterated.

Reiterative

Re*it"er*a*tive (r?-?t"?r-?-t?v), n.

1. (Gram.) A word expressing repeated or reiterated action.

2. A word formed from another, or used to form another, by repetition; as, dillydally.

Reiver

Reiv"er (r?v"?r), n. See Reaver. Ruskin.

Reject

Re*ject" (r?-j?kt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rejected; p. pr. & vb. n. Rejecting.] [L. rejectus, p. p. of reicere, rejicere; pref. re- re- + jacere to throw: cf. F. rejeter, formerly also spelt rejecter. See Jet a shooting forth.]

1. To cast from one; to throw away; to discard.

Therefore all this exercise of hunting . . . the Utopians have rejected to their butchers. Robynson (More's Utopia).
Reject me not from among thy children. Wisdom ix. 4.

2. To refuse to receive or to acknowledge; to decline haughtily or harshly; to repudiate.

That golden scepter which thou didst reject. Milton.
Because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me. Hog. iv. 6.

3. To refuse to grant; as, to reject a prayer or request. Syn. -- To repel; renounce; discard; rebuff; refuse; decline.

Rejectable

Re*ject"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being, or that ought to be, rejected.

Rejectamenta

Re*jec`ta*men"ta (r?-j?k`t?-m?n"ta), n.pl. [NL., fr. L. rejectare, v. intens. fr. rejicere. See Reject.] Things thrown out or away; especially, things excreted by a living organism. J. Fleming.

Rejectaneous

Re`jec*ta"ne*ous (r?`j?k-t?"n?-?s), a. [L. rejectaneus.] Not chosen orr received; rejected. [Obs.] "Profane, rejectaneous, and reprobate people." Barrow.

Rejecter

Re*ject"er (r?-j?kt"?r), n. One who rejects.

Rejection

Re*jec"tion (r?-j?k"sh?n), n. [L. rejectio: cf. F. r\'82jection.] Act of rejecting, or state of being rejected.

Rejectitious

Re`jec*ti"tious (r?`j?k-t?sh"?s), a. Implying or requiring rejection; rejectable. Cudworth.

Rejective

Re*ject"ive (r?-j?kt"?v), a. Rejecting, or tending to reject.

Rejectment

Re*ject"ment (-ment), n. Act of rejecting; matter rejected, or thrown away. Eaton.

Rejoice

Re*joice" (r?-jois"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rejoced (-joist"); p. pr. & vb. n. Rejoicing (-joi"s?ng).] [OE.rejoissen, OF. resjouir, resjoir, F. r\'82jouir; pref. re- re- + OF, esjouir, esjoir, F. , to rejoice; pref. es- (L. ex-) + OF. jouir, joir, F. jouir, from L. gaudere to rejoice. See Joy.] To feel joy; to experience gladness in a high degree; to have pleasurable satisfaction; to be delighted. "O, rejoice beyond a common joy." Shak.
I will be glad and rejoice in thy mercy. Ps. xxxi. 7.
Syn. To delight; joy; exult; triumph.

Rejoice

Re*joice", v. t.

1. To enjoy. [Obs.] Bp. Peacock.

2. To give joi to; to make joyful; to gladden.

I me rejoysed of my liberty. Chaucer.
While she, great saint, rejoices heaven. Prior.
Were he [Cain] alive, it would rejoice his soul to see what mischief it had made. Arbuthnot.
Syn. -- To please; cheer; exhilarate; delight.

Rejoice

Re*joice", n. The act of rejoicing. Sir T. Browne.

Rejoicement

Re*joice"ment (-ment), n. Rejoicing. [Obs.]

Rejoicer

Re*joi"cer (r?-joi"s?r), n. One who rejoices.

Rejoicing

Re*joi"cing (-s?ng), n.

1. Joy; gladness; delight.

We should particularly express our rejoicing by love and charity to our neighbors. R. Nelson.

2. The expression of joy or gladness.

The voice of rejoicing and salvation is in the tabernacles of the righteous. Ps. cxviii. 15.

3. That which causes to rejoice; occasion of joy.

Thy testimonies have I taken as an heritage forever, for they are the rejoicing of my heart. Ps. cxix. 111.

Rejoicingly

Re*joi"cing*ly, adv. With joi or exultation.

Rejoin

Re*join" (r?-join"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rejoined (-joind"); p. pr. & vb. n. Rejoining.] [F. rejoindre; pref. re- re- + joindre to join. See Join, and cf. Rejoinder.]

1. To join again; to unite after separation.

2. To come, or go, again into the presence of; to join the company of again.

Meet and rejoin me, in the pensive grot. Pope.

3. To state in reply; -- followed by an object clause.

Rejoin

Re*join", v. i.

1. To answer to a reply.

2. (Law) To answer, as the defendant to the plaintiff's replication.

Rejoinder

Re*join"der (-d?r), n. [From F. rejoindre, inf., to join again. See Rejoin.]

1. An answer to a reply; or, in general, an answer or reply.

2. (Law) The defendant's answer to the plaintiff's replication. Syn. -- Reply; ansswer; replication. See Reply.

Rejoinder

Re*join"der, v. i. To make a rejoinder. [Archaic]

Rejoindure

Re*join"dure (-d?r), n. Act of joining again. [Obs.] "Beguiles our lips of all rejoindure" (i.e., kisses). Shak.

Rejoint

Re*joint" (r&esl;-joint"), v. t.

1. To reunite the joints of; to joint anew. Barrow.

2. Specifically (Arch.), to fill up the joints of, as stones in buildings when the mortar has been dislodged by age and the action of the weather. Gwilt.


Page 1213

Rejolt

Re*jolt" (r?-j?lt"), n. A reacting jolt or shock; a rebound or recoil. [R.]
These inward rejolts and recoilings of the mind. South.

Rejolt

Re*jolt", v. t. To jolt or shake again. Locke.

Rejourn

Re*journ" (r?-j?rn"), v. t. [Cf. F. r\'82ajourner. See Adjourn.] To adjourn; to put off. [Obs.] Shak.

Rejournment

Re*journ"ment (-ment), n. Adjournment. [Obs.]

Rejudge

Re*judge" (r?-j?j"), v. t. To judge again; to re
Rejudge his acts, and dignify disgrace. Pope.

Rejuvenate

Re*ju"ve*nate (r?-j?"v?-n?t), v. t. [Pref. re- re- + L. juventis young, youthful.] To render young again.

Rejuvenation

Re*ju`ve*na"tion (-n?"sh?n), n. Rejuvenescence.

Rejuvenescence

Re*ju`ve*nes"cence (-n?s"sens), n.

1. A renewing of youth; the state of being or growing young again.

2. (Bot.) A method of cell formation in which the entire protoplasm of an old cell escapes by rupture of the cell wall, and then develops a new cell wall. It is seen sometimes in the formation of zo

Rejuvenescency

Re*ju`ve*nes"cen*cy (-sen-s?), n. Rejuvenescence.

Rejuvenescent

Re*ju`ve*nes"cent (-sent), a. Becoming, or causing to become, rejuvenated; rejuvenating.

Rejuvenize

Re*ju`ve*nize (r?-j?"v?-n?z), v. t. To rejuvenate.

Rekindle

Re*kin"dle (r?-k?n"d'l), v. t. & i. To kindle again.

Rekne

Rek"ne (r?k"ne), v. t. To reckon. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Relade

Re*lade" (r?-l?d"), v. t. To lade or load again.

Relad

Re*lad" (r?-l?d), imp. & p. p. of Relay.

Relais

Re*lais" (re-l?"), n. [F. See Relay, n.] (Fort.) A narrow space between the foot of the rampart and the scarp of the ditch, serving to receive the earth that may crumble off or be washed down, and prevent its falling into the ditch. Wilhelm.

Reland

Re*land" (r?-l?nd"), v. t. To land again; to put on land, as that which had been shipped or embarked.

Reland

Re*land", v. i. To go on shore after having embarked; to land again.

Relapse

Re*lapse" (r?-l?ps"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Relapsed (-l?pst"); p. pr. & vb. n. Relapsing.] [L.relapsus, p. p. of relabi to slip back, to relapse; pref. re- re- + labi to fall, slip, slide. See Lapse.]

1. To slip or slide back, in a literal sense; to turn back. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. To slide or turn back into a former state or practice; to fall back from some condition attained; -- generally in a bad sense, as from a state of convalescence or amended condition; as, to relaps into a stupor, into vice, or into barbarism; -- sometimes in a good sense; as, to relapse into slumber after being disturbed.

That task performed, [preachers] relapse into themselves. Cowper.

3. (Theol.) To fall from Christian faith into paganism, heresy, or unbelief; to backslide.

They enter into the justified state, and so continue all along, unless they relapse. Waterland.

Relapse

Re*lapse", n. [For sense 2 cf. F. relaps. See Relapse, v.]

1. A sliding or falling back, especially into a former bad state, either of body or morals; backsliding; the state of having fallen back.

Alas! from what high hope to what relapse Unlooked for are we fallen! Milton.

2. One who has relapsed, or fallen back, into error; a backlider; specifically, one who, after recanting error, returns to it again. [Obs.]

Relapser

Re*laps"er (-l?ps"?r), n. One who relapses. Bp. Hall.

Relapsing

Re*laps"ing, a. Marked by a relapse; falling back; tending to return to a former worse state. Relapsing fever (Med.), an acute, epidemic, contagious fever, which prevails also endemically in Ireland, Russia, and some other regions. It is marked by one or two remissions of the fever, by articular and muscular pains, and by the presence, during the paroxism of spiral bacterium (Spiroch\'91te) in the blood. It is not usually fatal. Called also famine fever, and recurring fever.

Relate

Re*late" (r?-l?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Related; p. pr. & vb. n. Relating.] [F. relater to recount, LL. relatare, fr. L. relatus, used as p. p. of referre. See Elate, and cf. Refer.]

1. To bring back; to restore. [Obs.]

Abate your zealous haste, till morrow next again Both light of heaven and strength of men relate. Spenser.

2. To refer; to ascribe, as to a source. [Obs. or R.]

3. To recount; to narrate; to tell over.

This heavy act with heavy heart relate. Shak.

4. To ally by connection or kindred. To relate one's self, to vent thoughts in words. [R.] Syn. -- To tell; recite; narrate; recount; rehearse; report; detail; describe.

Relate

Re*late", v. i.

1. To stand in some relation; to have bearing or concern; to pertain; to refer; -- with to.

All negative or privative words relate positive ideas. Locke.

2. To make reference; to take account. [R.& Obs.]

Reckoning by the years of their own consecration without relating to any imperial account. Fuller.

Related

Re*lat"ed (-l?t"?d), p. p. & a.

1. Allied by kindred; connected by blood or alliance, particularly by consanguinity; as, persons related in the first or second degree.

2. Standing in relation or connection; as, the electric and magnetic forcec are closely related.

3. Narrated; told.

4. (Mus.) Same as Relative, 4.

Relatedness

Re*lat"ed*ness, n. The state or condition of being related; relationship; affinity. [R.] Emerson.

Relater

Re*lat"er (-?r), n. One who relates or narrates.

Relation

Re*la"tion (r?-l?"sh?n), n. [F. relation, L. relatio. See Relate.]

1. The act of relating or telling; also, that which is related; recital; account; narration; narrative; as, the relation of historical events.

2. The state of being related or of referring; what is apprehended as appertaining to a being or quality, by considering it in its bearing upon something else; relative quality or condition; the being such and such with regard or respect to some other thing; connection; as, the relation of experience to knowledge; the relation of master to servant.

Any sort of connection which is perceived or imagined between two or more things, or any comparison which is made by the mind, is a relation. I. Taylor.

3. Reference; respect; regard.

I have been importuned to make some observations on this art in relation to its agreement with poetry. Dryden.

4. Connection by consanguinity or affinity; kinship; relationship; as, the relation of parents and children.

Relations dear, and all the charities Of father, son, and brother, first were known. Milton.

5. A person connected by cosanguinity or affinity; a relative; a kinsman or kinswoman.

For me . . . my relation does not care a rush. Ld. Lytton.

6. (Law) (a) The carrying back, and giving effect or operation to, an act or proceeding frrom some previous date or time, by a sort of fiction, as if it had happened or begun at that time. In such case the act is said to take effect by relation. (b) The act of a relator at whose instance a suit is begun. Wharton. Burrill. Syn. -- Recital; rehearsal; narration; account; narrative; tale; detail; description; kindred; kinship; consanguinity; affinity; kinsman; kinswoman.

Relational

Re*la"tion*al (r?-l?"sh?n-al), a.

1. Having relation or kindred; related.

We might be tempted to take these two nations for relational stems. Tooke.

2. Indicating or specifying some relation.

Relational words, as prepositions, auxiliaries, etc. R. Morris.

Relationist

Re*la"tion*ist, n. A relative; a relation. [Obs.]

Relationship

Re*la"tion*ship, n. The state of being related by kindred, affinity, or other alliance. Mason.

Relative

Rel"a*tive (r?l"?-t?v), a. [F. relatif, L. relativus. See Relate.]

1. Having relation or reference; referring; respecting; standing in connection; pertaining; as, arguments not relative to the subject.

I'll have grounds More relative than this. Shak.

2. Arising from relation; resulting from connection with, or reference to, something else; not absolute.

Every thing sustains both an absolute and a relative capacity: an absolute, as it is such a thing, endued with such a nature; and a relative, as it is a part of the universe, and so stands in such a relations to the whole. South.

3. (Gram.) Indicating or expressing relation; refering to an antecedent; as, a relative pronoun.

4. (Mus.) Characterizing or pertaining to chords and keys, which, by reason of the identify of some of their tones, admit of a natural transition from one to the other. Moore (Encyc. of Music). Relative clause (Gram.), a clause introduced by a relative pronoun. -- Relative term, a term which implies relation to, as guardian to ward, matter to servant, husband to wife. Cf. Correlative.

Relative

Rel"a*tive, n. One who, or that which, relates to, or is considered in its relation to, something else; a relative object or term; one of two object or term; one of two objects directly connected by any relation. Specifically: (a) A person connected by blood or affinity; strictly, one allied by blood; a relation; a kinsman or kinswoman. "Confining our care . . . to ourselves and relatives." Bp. Fell. (b) (Gram.) A relative prnoun; a word which relates to, or represents, another word or phrase, called its antecedent; as, the relatives " who", "which", "that".

Relatively

Rel"a*tive*ly, adv. In a relative manner; in relation or respect to something else; not absolutely.
Consider the absolute affections of any being as it is in itself, before you consider it relatively. I. Watts.

Relativeness

Rel"a*tive*ness, n The state of being relative, or having relation; relativity.

Relativity

Rel`a*tiv"i*ty (-t?v"?-t?), n. The state of being relative; as, the relativity of a subject. Coleridge.

Relator

Re*lat"or (r?-l?t"?r), n. [ L.: cf. F. relateur. See Relate.]

1. One who relates; a relater. "The several relators of this history." Fuller.

2. (Law) A private person at whose relation, or in whose behalf, the attorney-general allows an information in the nature of a quo warranto to be filed.

Relatrix

Re*lat"rix (-r?ks), n. [L.] (Law) A female relator.

Relax

Re*lax" (r?-l?ks"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relaxed (-l?kst"); p. pr. & vb. n. Relaxing.] [L. relaxare; pref. re- re- + laxare to loose, to slacken, from laxus loose. See Lax, and cf. Relay, n., Release.]

1. To make lax or loose; to make less close, firm, rigid, tense, or the like; to slacken; to loosen; to open; as, to relax a rope or cord; to relax the muscles or sinews.

Horror . . . all his joints relaxed. Milton.
Nor served it to relax their serried files. Milton.

2. To make less severe or rogorous; to abate the stringency of; to remit in respect to strenuousness, esrnestness, or effort; as, to relax discipline; to relax one's attention or endeavors.

The stature of mortmain was at several times relaxed by the legilature. Swift.

3. Hence, to relieve from attention or effort; to ease; to recreate; to divert; as, amusement relaxes the mind.

4. To relieve from constipation; to loosen; to open; as, an aperient relaxes the bowels. Syn. -- To slacken; loosen; loose; remit; abate; mitigate; ease; unbend; divert.

Relax

Re*lax", v. i.

1. To become lax, weak, or loose; as, to let one's grasp relax.

His knees relax with toil. Pope.

2. To abate in severity; to become less rigorous.

In others she relaxed again, And governed with a looser rein. Prior.

3. To remit attention or effort; to become less diligent; to unbend; as, to relax in study.

Relax

Re*lax", n. Relaxation. [Obs.] Feltham.

Relax

Re**lax", a. Relaxed; lax; hence, remiss; careless.

Relaxable

Re*lax"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being relaxed.

Relaxant

Re*lax"ant (r?-l?ks"ant), n. [L. relaxans, p. pr. of relaxare.] (Med.) A medicine that relaxes; a laxative.

Relaxation

Re`lax*a"tion (r?`l?ks-?"sh?n;277), n. [L. relaxatio; cf. F. relaxation.]

1. The act or process of relaxing, or the state of being relaxed; as, relaxation of the muscles; relaxation of a law.

2. Remission from attention and effort; indulgence in recreation, diversion, or amusement. "Hours of careless relaxation." Macaulay.

Relaxative

Re*lax"a*tive (r?-l?ks"?-t?v), a. Having the quality of relaxing; laxative. -- n. A relaxant. B. Jonson.

Relay

Re*lay" (r?-l?"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relaid (-l?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Relaying.] [Pref re- + lay, v.] To lay again; to lay a second time; as, to relay a pavement.

Relay

Re*lay" (r?-l?"), n. [F. relais (cf. OF. relais relaxation, discontinuance, It. rilascio release, relief, rilasso relay), fr. OF. relaissier to abandon, release, fr. L. relaxare. See Relax.]

1. A supply of anything arranged beforehand for affording relief from time to time, or at successive stages; provision for successive relief. Specifically: (a) A supply of horses placced at stations to be in readiness to relieve others, so that a trveler may proceed without delay. (b) A supply of hunting dogs or horses kept in readiness at certain places to relive the tired dogs or horses, and to continnue the pursuit of the game if it comes that way. (c) A number of men who relieve others in carrying on some work.

2. (Elec.) In various forms of telegrapfhic apparatus, a megnet which receives the circuit current, and is caused by it to bring into into action the power of a local battery for performing the work of making the record; also, a similar device by which the current in one circuit is made to open or close another circuit in which a current is passing. Relay battery (Elec.), the local battery which is brought into use by the action of the relay magnet, or relay.

Relbun

Rel"bun (r?l"b?n), n. The roots of the Chilian plant Calceolaria arachnoidea, -- used for dyeing crimson.

Releasable

Re*leas"a*ble (r?-l?s"?-b'l), a. That may be released.

Release

Re*lease" (r?-l?s"), v. t. [Pref. re + lease to let.] To lease again; to grant a new lease of; to let back.

Release

Re*lease" (r?-l?s"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Released (r?*l?st"); p. pr. & vb. n. Releasing.] [OE. relessen, OF. relassier, to release, to let free. See Relay, n., Relax, and cf. Release to lease again.]

1. To let loose again; to set free from restraint, confinement, or servitude; to give liberty to, or to set at liberty; to let go.

Now at that feast he released unto them one prisoner, whomsoever they desired. Mark xv. 6.

2. To relieve from something that confines, burdens, or oppresses, as from pain, trouble, obligation, penalty.

3. (Law) To let go, as a legal claim; to discharge or relinquish a right to, as lands or tenements, by conveying to another who has some right or estate in possession, as when the person in remainder releases his right to the tenant in possession; to quit.

4. To loosen; to relax; to remove the obligation of; as, to release an ordinance. [Obs.] Hooker.

A sacred vow that none should aye Spenser.
Syn. -- To free; liberate; loose; discharge; disengage; extracate; let go; quit; acquit.

Release

Re*lease", n.

1. The act of letting loose or freeing, or the state of being let loose or freed; liberation or discharge from restraint of any kind, as from confinement or bondage. "Who boast'st release from hell." Milton.

2. Relief from care, pain, or any burden.

3. Discharge from obligation or responsibility, as from debt, penalty, or claim of any kind; acquittance.

4. (Law) A giving up or relinquishment of some right or claim; a conveyance of a man's right in lands or tenements to another who has some estate in possession; a quitclaim. Blackstone.

5. (Steam Engine) The act of opening the exhaust port to allow the steam to escape. Lease and release. (Law) See under Lease. -- Out of release, without cessation. [Obs.] Chaucer. Syn. -- Liberation; freedom; discharge. See Death.

Releasee

Re*leas`ee" (-?"), n. One to whom a release is given.

Releasement

Re*lease"ment (r?-l?s"ment), n. The act of releasing, as from confinement or obligation. Milton.

Releaser

Re*leas"er (-?r), n. One who releases, or sets free.

Releasor

Re*leas"or (-?r), n. One by whom a release is given.

Relegate

Rel"e*gate (r?l"?-g?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relegated (-g?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Relegating.] [L. relegatus, p. p. of relegare; pref. re- re- + legare to send with a commission or charge. See Legate.] To remove, usually to an inferior position; to consign; to transfer; specifically, to send into exile; to banish.
It [the Latin language] was relegated into the study of the scholar. Milman.

Relegation

Rel`e*ga"tion (-g?"sh?n), n. [L. relegatio: cf. F. rel.] The act of relegating, or the state of being relegated; removal; banishment; exile.

Relent

Re*lent" (r?-l?nt"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Relented; p. pr. & vb. n. Relenting.] [F. ralentir, fr. L. pref. re- re- + ad to + lentus pliant, flexible, slow. See Lithe.]

1. To become less rigid or hard; to yield; to dissolve; to melt; to deliquesce. [Obs.]

He stirred the coals till relente gan The wax again the fire. Chaucer.
[Salt of tartar] placed in a cellar will . . . begin to relent. Boyle.
When opening buds salute the welcome day, And earth, relenting, feels the genial ray. Pope.

2. To become less severe or intense; to become less hard, harsh, cruel, or the like; to soften in temper; to become more mild and tender; to feel compassion.

Can you . . . behold My sighs and tears, and will not once relent? Shak.

Relent

Re*lent", v. t.

1. To slacken; to abate. [Obs.]

And oftentimes he would relent his pace. Spenser.

2. To soften; to dissolve. [Obs.]

3. To mollify ; to cause to be less harsh or severe. [Obs.]


Page 1214

Relent

Re*lent" (r?-l?nt"), n. Stay; stop; delay. [Obs.]
Nor rested till she came without relent Unto the land of Amazona. Spenser.

Relentless

Re*lent"less, a. Unmoved by appeals for sympathy or forgiveness; insensible to the distresses of others; destitute of tenderness; unrelenting; unyielding; unpitying; as, a prey to relentless despotism.
For this the avenging power employs his darts,.. Thus will persist, relentless in his ire. Dryden.
-- Re*lent"less*ly, adv. -- Re*lent"less*ness, n.

Relentment

Re*lent"ment (-ment), n. The act or process of retenting; the state of having relented. Sir T. Browne.

Relesse

Re*lesse" (r?-l?s"), v. t. To release. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Relessee

Re`les*see" (r?`l?s-s?"), n. See Releasee.

Relessor

Re`les*sor" (-s?r"), n. See Releasor.

Re-let

Re-let" (r?-l?t"), v. t. To let anew, as a hous.

Relevance rlvans, Relevancy

Rel"e*vance (r?l"?*vans), Rel"e*van*cy (-van*s?), n.

1. The quality or state of being relevant; pertinency; applicability.

Its answer little meaning, little relevancy bore. Poe.

2. (Scots Law) Sufficiency to infer the conclusion.

Relevant

Rel"e*vant (-vant), a. [F. relevant, p. pr. of relever to raise again, to relieve. See Relieve.]

1. Relieving; lending aid or support. [R.] Pownall.

2. Bearing upon, or properly applying to, the case in hand; pertinent; applicable.

Close and relevant arguments have very little hold on the passions. Sydney Smith.

3. (SScots Law) Sufficient to support the cause.

Relevantly

Rel"e*vant*ly, adv. In a relevant manner.

Relevation

Rel`e*va"tion (-v?"sh?n), n. [L. relevatio, fr. relevare. See Relieve.] A raising or lifting up. [Obs.]

Reliability

Re*li`a*bil"i*ty (r?-l?`?-b?l"?-t?), n. The state or quality of being reliable; reliableness.

Reliable

Re*li"a*ble (r?-l?"?-b'l), a. Suitable or fit to be relied on; worthy of dependance or reliance; trustworthy. "A reliable witness to the truth of the miracles." A. Norton.
The best means, and most reliable pledge, of a higher object. Coleridge.
According to General Livingston's humorous account, his own village of Elizabethtown was not much more reliable, being peopled in those agitated times by "unknown, unrecommended strangers, guilty-looking Tories, and very knavish Whigs." W. Irving.
&hand; Some authors take exception to this word, maintaining that it is unnecessary, and irregular in formation. It is, however, sanctioned by the practice of many careful writers as a most convenient substitute for the phrase to be relied upon, and a useful synonym for trustworthy, which is by preference applied to persons, as reliable is to things, such as an account, statement, or the like. The objection that adjectives derived from neuter verbs do not admit of a passive sense is met by the citation of laughable, worthy of being laughed at, from the neuter verb to laugh; available, fit or able to be availed of, from the neuter verb to avail; dispensable, capable of being dispensed with, from the neuter verb to dispense. Other examples might be added. -- Re*li"a*ble*ness, n. -- Re*li"a*bly, adv.

Reliance

Re*li"ance (-ans), n. [From Rely.]

1. The act of relying, or the condition or quality of being reliant; dependence; confidence; trust; repose of mind upon what is deemed sufficient support or authority.

In reliance on promises which proved to be of very little value. Macaulay.

2. Anything on which to rely; dependence; ground of trust; as, the boat was a poor reliance. Richardson.

Reliant

Re*li"ant (-ant), a. Having, or characterized by, reliance; confident; trusting.

Relic

Rel"ic (r?l"?k), n. [F. relique, from L. reliquiae, pl., akin to relinquere to leave behind. See Relinquish.] [Formerly written also relique.]

1. That which remains; that which is left after loss or decay; a remaining portion; a remnant. Chaucer. Wyclif.

The relics of lost innocence. Kebe.
The fragments, scraps, the bits and greasy relics. Shak.

2. The body from which the soul has departed; a corpse; especially, the body, or some part of the body, of a deceased saint or martyr; -- usually in the plural when referring to the whole body.

There are very few treasuries of relics in Italy that have not a tooth or a bone of this saint. Addison.
Thy relics, Rowe, to this fair urn we trust, And sacred place by Dryden's awful dust. Pope.

3. Hence, a memorial; anything preserved in remembrance; as, relics of youthful days or friendships.

The pearis were split; Some lost, some stolen, some as relics kept. Tennyson.

Relicly

Rel"ic*ly, adv. In the manner of relics. [Obs.]

Relict

Rel"ict (-?kt), n. [L. relicta, fr. of relictus, p. p. of relinquere to leave behind. See Relinquish.] A woman whose husband is dead; a widow.
Eli dying without issue, Jacob was obbliged by law to marry his relict, and so to raise up seed to his brother Eli. South.

Relicted

Re*lict"ed (r?-l?kt"?d), a. [L. relictus, p. p.] (Law) Left uncovered, as land by recession of water. Bouvier.

Reliction

Re*lic"tion (r?-l?k"sh?n), n. [L. relictio a leaving behind.] (Law) A leaving dry; a recession of the sea or other water, leaving dry land; land left uncovered by such recession. Burrill.

Relief

Re*lief" (r?-l?f"), n. [OE. relef, F. relief, properly, a lifting up, a standing out. See Relieve, and cf. Basrelief, Rilievi.]

1. The act of relieving, or the state of being relieved; the removal, or partial removal, of any evil, or of anything oppressive or burdensome, by which some ease is obtained; succor; alleviation; comfort; ease; redress.

He seec the dire contagion spread so fast, That, where it seizes, all relief is vain. Dryden.

2. Release from a post, or from the performance of duty, by the intervention of others, by discharge, or by relay; as, a relief of a sentry.

For this relief much thanks; ;tis bitter cold. Shak.

3. That which removes or lessenc evil, pain, discomfort, uneasiness, etc.; that which gives succor, aid, or comfort; also, the person who relieves from performance of duty by taking the place of another; a relay.

4. (Feudal Law) A fine or composition which the heir of a deceased tenant paid to the lord for the privilege of taking up the estate, which, on strict feudal principles, had lapsed or fallen to the lord on the death of the tenant.

5. (Sculp. & Arch.) The projection of a figure above the ground or plane on wwhich it is formed. &hand; Relief is of three kinds, namely, high relief (altorilievo), low relief, (basso-rilievo), and demirelief (mezzo-rilievo). See these terms in the Vocabulary.

6. (Paint.) The appearance of projection given by shading, shadow, etc., to any figure.

7. (Fort.) The height to which works are raised above the bottom of the ditch. Wilhelm.

8. (Physical Geog.) The elevations and surface undulations of a country. Guyot. Relief valve, a valve arranged for relieving pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; an escape valve. Syn. -- Alleviation; mitigation; aid; help; succor; assistance; remedy; redress; indemnification.

Reliefful

Re*lief"ful (r?-l?f"f?l), a. Giving relief. [Obs.]

Reliefless

Re*lief"less, a. Destitute of relief; also, remediless.

Relier

Re*li"er (r?-l?"?r), n. [From Rely.] One who relies.

Relievable

Re*liev"a*ble (r?-l?v"?-b'l), a. Capable of being relieved; fitted to recieve relief. Sir M. Hale.

Relieve

Re*lieve" (r?-l?v"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relieved (-l?vd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Relieving.] [OE. releven, F. relever to raise again, discharge, relieve, fr. L. relevare to lift up, raise, make light, relieve; pref. re- re- + levare to raise, fr. levis light. See Levity, and cf. Relevant, Relief.]

1. To lift up; to raise again, as one who has fallen; to cause to rise. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

2. To cause to seem to rise; to put in relief; to give prominence or conspicuousness to; to

Her tall figure relieved against the blue sky; seemed almost of supernatural height. Sir W. Scott.

3. To raise up something in; to introduce a contrast or variety into; to remove the monotony or sameness of.

The poet must . . . sometimes relieve the subject with a moral reflection. Addison.

4. To raise or remove, as anything which depresses, weighs down, or cruches; to render less burdensome or afflicting; to allevate; to-abate; to mitigate; to lessen; as, to relieve pain; to relieve the wants of the poor.

5. To free, wholly or partly, from any burden, trial, evil, distress, or the like; to give ease, comfort, or consolation to; to give aid, help, or succor to; to support, strengthen, or deliver; as, to relieve a besieged town.

Now lend assistance and relieve the poor. Dryden.

6. To release from a post, station, or duty; to put another in place of, or to take the place of, in the bearing of any burden, or discharge of any duty.

Who hath relieved you? Shak.

7. To ease of any imposition, burden, wrong, or oppression, by judicial or legislative interposition, as by the removal of a grievance, by indemnification for losses, or the like; to right. Syn. -- To alleviate; assuage; succor; assist; aid; help; support; substain; ease; mitigate; lighten; diminish; remove; free; remedy; redress; indemnify.

Relievment

Re*liev"ment (-ment), n. The act of relieving, or the state of being relieved; relief; release. [Archaic.]

Reliever

Re*liev"er (-?r), n. One who, or that which, relieves.

Relieving

Re*liev"ing, a. Serving or tending to relieve. Relieving arch (Arch.), a discharging arch. See under Discharge, v. t. -- Relieving tackle. (Naut.) (a) A temporary tackle attached to the tiller of a vessel during gales or an action, in case of accident to the tiller ropes. (b) A strong tackle from a wharf to a careened vessel, to prevent her from going over entirely, and to assist in righting her. Totten. Craig.

Relievo

Re*lie"vo (r?-l?"v?), n. [It. rilievo.] See Relief, n., 5.

Relight

Re*light" (r?-l?t"), v. t. To light or kindle anew.

Religieuse re-lzhz, n. f. Religieux

Re*li`gi`euse" (re-l?`zh?`?z"), n. f. Re*li`gi`eux" (re-l?`zh?`?"), n. m.[F.] A person bound by monastic vows; a nun; a monk.

Religion

Re*li"gion (r?-l?j"?n), n. [F., from L. religio; cf. religens pious, revering the gods, Gr. Neglect.]

1. The outward act or form by which men indicate their recognition of the existence of a god or of gods having power over their destiny, to whom obedience, service, and honor are due; the feeling or expression of human love, fear, or awe of some superhuman and overruling power, whether by profession of belief, by observance of rites and ceremonies, or by the conduct of life; a system of faith and worship; a manifestation of piety; as, ethical religions; monotheistic religions; natural religion; revealed religion; the religion of the Jews; the religion of idol worshipers.

An orderly life so far as others are able to observe us is now and then produced by prudential motives or by dint of habit; but without seriousness there can be no religious principle at the bottom, no course of conduct from religious motives; in a word, there can be no religion. Paley.
Religion [was] not, as too often now, used as equivalent for godliness; but . . . it expressed the outer form and embodiment which the inward spirit of a true or a false devotion assumed. Trench.
Religions, by which are meant the modes of sdivine worship proper to different tribes, nations, or communities, and based on the belief held in common by the members of them severally . . . There is no living religion without something like a doctrine. On the other hand, a doctrine, however elaborate, does not constitute a religion. C. P. Tiele (Encyc. Brit. ).
Religion . . . means the conscious relation between man and God, and the expression of that relation in human conduct. J. K\'94stlin (Schaff-Herzog Encyc. )
After the most straitest sect of our religion I lived a Pharisce. Acts xxvi. 5.
The image of a brute, adorned With gay religions full of pomp and gold. Milton.

2. Specifically, conformity in faith and life to the precepts inculcated in the Bible, respecting the conduct of life and duty toward God and man; the Christian faith and practice.

Let us with caution indulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without religion. Washington.
Religion will attend you . . . as pleasant and useful companion in every proper place, and every temperate occupation of life. Buckminster.

3. (R.C.CH.) A monastic or religious order subject to a regulated mode of life; the religious state; as, to enter religion. Trench.

A good man was there of religion. Chaucer.

4. Strictness of fidelity in conforming to any practice, as if it were an enjoined rule of conduct. [R.]

Those parts of pleading which in ancient times might perhaps be material, but at this time are become only mere styles and forms, are still continued with much religion. Sir M. Hale.
&hand; Religion, as distinguished from theology, is subjective, designating the feelings and acts of men which relate to God; while theology is objective, and denotes those ideas which man entertains respecting the God whom he worships, especially his systematized views of God. As distinguished from morality, religion denotes the influences and motives to human duty which are found in the character and will of God, while morality describes the duties to man, to which true religion always influences. As distinguished from piety, religion is a high sense of moral obligation and spirit of reverence or worship which affect the heart of man with respect to the Deity, while piety, which first expressed the feelings of a child toward a parent, is used for that filial sentiment of veneration and love which we owe to the Father of all. As distinguished from sanciti, religion is the means by which sanctity is achieved, sanctity denoting primarily that purity of heart and life which results from habitual communion with God, and a sense of his continual presence. Natural religion, a religion based upon the evidences of a God and his qualities, which is supplied by natural phenomena. See Natural theology, under Natural. -- Religion of humanity, a name sometimes given to a religion founded upon positivism as a philosophical basis. -- Revealed religion, that which is based upon direct communication of God's will to mankind; especially, the Christian religion, based on the revelations recorded in the Old and New Testaments.

Religionary

Re*li"gion*a*ry (r?-l?j"?n-?-r?), a. Relating to religion; pious; as, religionary professions. [Obs.]

Religionary, Religioner

Re*li"gion*a*ry, Re*li"gion*er (-?r), n. A religionist. [R.]

Religionism

Re*li"gion*ism (-?z'm), n.

1. The practice of, or devotion to, religion.

2. Affectation or pretense of religion.

Religionist

Re*li"gion*ist, n. One earnestly devoted or attached to a religion; a religious zealot.
The chief actors on one side were, and were to be, the Puritan religionists. Palfrey.
relation doth well figure them. Bacon.
It might be that an Antinomian, a Quaker, or other heterodoreligionists, was to be scourged out of the town. Hawthorne.

Religionize

Re*li"gion*ize (-?z), v. t. To bring under the influence of religion. [R.] Mallock.

Religionless

Re*li"gion*less, a. Destitute of religion.

Religiosity

Re*lig`i*os"i*ty (-l?j`?-?s"?-t?), n. [L. religiositas: cf. F. religiosit.] The quality of being religious; religious feeling or sentiment; religiousness. [R.] M. Arnold.

Religious

Re*li"gious (r?-l?j"?s), a. [OF. religius, religious, F. religieux, from L. religiosus. See Religion.]

1. Of or pertaining to religion; concerned with religion; teaching, or setting forth, religion; set apart to religion; as, a religious society; a religious sect; a religious place; religious subjects, books, teachers, houses, wars.

Our law forbids at their religious rites My presence. Milton.

2. Possessing, or conforming to, religion; pious; godly; as, a religious man, life, behavior, etc.

Men whose lives Religious titled them the sons of God. Mlton

3. Scrupulously faithful or exact; strict.

Thus, Indianlike, Religious in my error, I adore The sun, that looks upon his worshiper. Shak.

4. Belonging to a religious order; bound by vows.

One of them is religious. Chaucer.
Syn. -- Pious; godly; holy; devout; devotional; conscientious; strict; rogod; exact.

Religious

Re*li"gious, n. A person bound by monastic vows, or sequestered from secular concern, and devoted to a life of piety and religion; a monk or friar; a nun. Addison.

Religiously

Re*li"gious*ly, adv. In a religious manner. Drayton.

Religiousness

Re*li"gious*ness, n. The quality of being religious.

Relik

Rel"ik (r?l"?k), n. Relic. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Relinquent

Re*lin"quent (r?-l?n"kwent), a. [L. relinquens, p. pr. of relinqquere. See Relinquish.] Relinquishing. [R.]

Relinquent

Re*lin"quent, n. One who relinquishes. [R.]

Relinquish

Re*lin"quish (-kw?sh), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relinquished (-kw?sht); p. pr. & vb. n. Relinquishing.] [OF. relinquir, L. relinquere to leave behind; pref. re- re + linquere to leave. See Loan, and cf. Relic, Relict.]

1. To withdraw from; to leave behind; to desist from; to abandon; to quit; as, to relinquish a pursuit.

We ought to relinquish such rites. Hooker.
They placed Irish tenants upon the lands relinquished by the English. Sir J. Davies.

2. To give up; to renounce a claim to; resign; as, to relinquish a debt. Syn. -- To resign; leave; quit; forsake; abandon; desert; renounce; forbResign.

Relinquisher

Re*lin"quish*er (-r?r), n. One who relinquishes.

Relinquishment

Re*lin"quish*ment (-ment), n. The act of relinquishing.

Reliquary

Rel"i*qua*ry (r?l"?-kw?-r?), n.; pl. -ries (-r&icr;z). [LL.reliquiarium, reliquiare: cf. F. reliquaire. See Relic.] A depositary, often a small box or casket, in which relics are kept.

Relique

Re*lique" (r?-l?k"), n. [F.] See Relic. Chaucer.

Reliqui\'91/

Re*liq"ui*\'91/ (r?-l?k"w?-?), n.pl. [L. See Relic.]

1. Remains of the dead; organic remains; relics.

2. (Bot.) Same as Induvi\'91.


Page 1215

Reliquian

Re*liq"ui*an (r?-l?k"w?-an), a. Of or pertaining to a relic or relics; of the nature of a relic. [R.]

Reliquidate

Re*liq"ui*date (r?-l?k"w?-d?t), v. t. To liquidate anew; to adjust a second time.

Reliquidation

Re*liq`ui*da"tion (-d\'b5"sh?n), n. A second or renewed liquidation; a renewed adjustment. A. Hamilton.

Relish

Rel"ish (r?l"?sh), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relished (-; p. pr. & vb. n. Relishing.] [Of. relechier to lick or taste anew; pref. re- re-+ lechier to lick, F. l. See Lecher, Lick.]

1. To taste or eat with pleasure; to like the flavor of; to partake of with gratification; hence, to enjoy; to be pleased with or gratified by; to experience pleasure from; as, to relish food.

Now I begin to relish thy advice. Shak.
He knows how to prize his advantages, and to relish the honors which he enjoys. Atterbury.

2. To give a relish to; to cause to taste agreeably.

A savory bit that served to relish wine. Dryden.

Relish

Rel"ish, v. i. To have a pleasing or appetizing taste; to give gratification; to have a flavor.
Had I been the finder-out of this secret, it would not have relished among my other discredits. Shak.
A theory, which, how much soever it may relish of wit and invention, hath no foundation in nature. Woodward.

Relish

Rel"ish, n.

1. A pleasing taste; flavor that gratifies the palate; hence, enjoyable quality; power of pleasing.

Much pleasure we have lost while we abstained From this delightful fruit, nor known till now True relish, tasting. Milton.
When liberty is gone, Life grows insipid, and has lost its relish. Addison.

2. Savor; quality; characteristic tinge.

It preserve some relish of old writing. Pope.

3. A taste for; liking; appetite; fondness.

A relish for whatever was excelent in arts. Macaulay.
I have a relish for moderate praise, because it bids fair to be jCowper.

4. That which is used to impart a flavor; specifically, something taken with food to render it more palatable or to stimulate the appetite; a condiment. Syn. -- Taste; savor; flavor; appetite; zest; gusto; liking; delight.

Relish

Rel"ish, n. (Carp.) The projection or shoulder at the side of, or around, a tenon, on a tenoned piece. Knight.

Relishable

Rel"ish*a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being relished; agreeable to the taste; gratifying.

Relive

Re*live" (r?-l?v"), v. i. To live again; to revive.

Relive

Re*live", v. t. To recall to life; to revive. [Obs.]

Reload

Re*load" (r?-l?d"), v. t. To load again, as a gun.

Reloan

Re*loan" (r?-l?n"), n. A second lending of the same thing; a renewal of a loan.

Relocate

Re*lo"cate (r?-l?"k?t), v. t. To locate again.

Relocation

Re`lo*ca"tion (r?`l\'b5-k?"sh?n), n.

1. A second location.

2. (Roman & Scots Law) Renewal of a lease.

Relodge

Re*lodge" (r?-l?j"), v. t. To lodge again.

Relove

Re*love" (-l?v"), v. t. To love in return. [Obs.] Boyle.

Relucent

Re*lu"cent (r?-l?"sent), a. [L. relucens, p. pr. relucere. See Lucent.] Reflecting light; shining; glittering; glistening; bright; luminous; splendid.
Gorgeous banners to the sun expand Their streaming volumes of relucent gold. Glover.

Reluct

Re*luct" (r?-l?kt"), v. i. [L. reluctari, p. p. reluctatus, to struggle; pref. re- re- + luctari to struggle, fr. lucia a wresting.] To strive or struggle against anything; to make resistance; to draw back; to feel or show repugnance or reluctance.
Apt to reluct at the excesses of it [passion]. Walton.

Reluctance r-lktans, Reluctancy

Re*luc"tance (r?-l?k"tans), Re*luc"tan*cy (-tan-s?), n. [See Reluctant.] The state or quality of being reluctant; repugnance; aversion of mind; unwillingness; -- often followed by an infinitive, or by to and a noun, formerly sometimes by against. "Tempering the severity of his looks with a reluctance to the action." Dryden.
He had some reluctance to obey the summons. Sir W. Scott.
Bear witness, Heaven, with what reluctancy Her helpless innocence I doom to die. Dryden.

Syn

Syn. See Dislike.

Reluctant

Re*luc"tant (-tant), a. [L. reluctans, -antis, p. pr. of reluctari. See Reluct.]

1. Striving against; opposed in desire; unwilling; disinclined; loth.

Reluctant, but in vain. Milton.
Reluctant now I touched the trembling string. Tickell.

2. Proceeding from an unwilling mind; granted with reluctance; as, reluctant obedience. Mitford. Syn. -- Averse; unwilling; loth; disinclined; repugnant; backward; coy. See Averse.

Reluctantly

Re*luc"tant*ly, adv. In a reluctant manner.

Reluctate

Re*luc"tate (-t?t), v. i. [See Reluct.] To struggle against anything; to resist; to oppose. [Obs.] "To delude their reluctating consciences." Dr. H. More.

Reluctation

Rel`uc*ta"tion (r?l`?k-t?"sh?n), n. Repugnance; resistance; reluctance. [Obs.] Bacon.

Relume

Re*lume" (r?-l?m"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relumed (-l?md"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reluming.] [OF. relumer (cf. F. rallumer), L. reluminare; pref. re- re- + luminare to light. Cf. Reillume.] To rekindle; to light again.
Relumed her ancient light, not kindled new. Pope.
I know not where is that Promethean heat That can thy light relume. Shak.

Relumine

Re*lu"mine (r?-l?"m?n), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Relumined (-m?nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Relumining.] [See Relume.]

1. To light anew; to rekindle. Shak.

2. To illuminate again.

Rely

Re*ly" (r?-l?"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Relied (-l?d"); p. pr. & vb. n. Relying.] [Pref. re- + lie to rest.] To rest with confidence, as when fully satisfied of the veracity, integrity, or ability of persons, or of the certainty of facts or of evidence; to have confidence; to trust; to depend; -- with on, formerly also with in.
Go in thy native innocence; rely On what thou hast of virtue. Milton.
On some fond breast the parting soul relies. Gray.
Syn. -- To trust; depend; confide; repose.

Remade

Re*made" (r?-m?d"), imp. & p. p. of Remake.

Remain

Re*main" (r?-m?n"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Remained (-m?nd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Remaining.] [OF. remaindre, remanoir, L. remanere; pref. re- re- + manere to stay, remain. See Mansion, and cf. Remainder, Remnant.]

1. To stay behind while others withdraw; to be left after others have been removed or destroyed; to be left after a number or quantity has been subtracted or cut off; to be left as not included or comprised.

Gather up the fragments that remain. John vi. 12.
Of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep. 1 Cor. xv. 6.
That . . . remains to be proved. Locke.

2. To continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity; to abide; to stay; to endure; to last.

Remain a widow at thy father's house. Gen. xxxviii. 11.
Childless thou art; childless remain. Milton.
Syn. -- To continue; stay; wait; tarry; rest; sojourn; dwell; abide; last; endure.

Remain

Re*main", v. t. To await; to be left to. [Archaic]
The easier conquest now remains thee. Milton.

Remainm

Re*main"m n.

1. State of remaining; stay. [Obs.]

Which often, since my here remain in England, I 've seen him do. Shak.

2. That which is left; relic; remainder; -- chiefly in the plural. "The remains of old Rome." Addison.

When this remain of horror has entirely subsided. Burke.

3. Specif., in the plural: (a) That which is left of a human being after the life is gone; relics; a dead body.

Old warriors whose adored remains In weeping vaults her hallowed earth contains! Pope.
(b) The posthumous works or productions, esp. literary works, of one who is dead; as, Cecil's Remains.

Remainder

Re*main"der (r?-m?n"d?r), n. [OF. remaindre, inf. See Remain.]

1. Anything that remains, or is left, after the separation and removal of a part; residue; remnant. "The last remainders of unhappy Troy." Dryden.

If these decoctions be repeated till the water comes off clear, the remainder yields no salt. Arbuthnot.

2. (Math.) The quantity or sum that is left after subtraction, or after any deduction.

3. (Law) An estate in expectancy, generally in land, which becomes an estate in possession upon the determination of a particular prior estate, created at the same time, and by the same instrument; for example, if land be conveyed to A for life, and on his death to B, A's life interest is a particuar estate, and B's interest is a remainder, or estate in remainder. Syn. -- Balance; rest; residue; remnant; leavings.

Remainder

Re*main"der, a. Remaining; left; left over; refuse.
Which is as dry as the remainder biscuit After a voyage. Shak.

Remainder-man

Re*main"der-man (- m&acr;n), n.; pl. Remainder-men (-m&ecr;n). (Law) One who has an estate after a particular estate is determined. See Remainder, n., 3. Blackstone.

Remake

Re*make" (r?-m?k"), v. t. To make anew.

Remand

Re*mand" (r?-m?nd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Remanding.] [F. remander to send word again, L. remandare; pref. re- re- + mandare to commit, order, send word. See Mandate.] To recommit; to send back.
Remand it to its former place. South.
Then were they remanded to the cage again. Bunyan.

Remand

Re*mand", n. The act of remanding; the order for recommitment.

Remandment

Re*mand"ment (-ment), n. A remand.

Remanence rmnens Remanency

Rem"a*nence (r?m"?*nens) Rem"a*nen*cy (-nen*s?), n. [Cf. OF. remanence, LL. remanentia, fr. L. remanens. See Remanent, a.] The state of being remanent; continuance; permanence. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
The remanence of the will in the fallen spirit. Coleridge.

Remanent

Rem"a*nent (-nent), n. [See Remanent, a.] That which remains; a remnant; a residue.

Remanent

Rem"a*nent, a. [L. remanens, p. pr. of remanere. See Remain, and cf. Remnant.] Remaining; residual.
That little hope that is remanent hath its degree according to the infancy or growth of the habit. Jer. Taylor.
Remanent magnetism (Physics), magnetism which remains in a body that has little coercive force after the magnetizing force is withdrawn, as soft iron; -- called also residual magnetism.

Remanet

Rem"a*net (-n?t), n. [L., it remains.] (Legal Practice) A case for trial which can not be tried during the term; a postponed case. [Eng.]

Re-mark

Re-mark" (r?-m?rk"), v. t. [Pref. re- + mark.] To mark again, or a second time; to mark anew.

Remark

Re*mark" (r?-m?rk"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remarked (-m?rkt"); p. pr. & vb. n. Remarking.] [F. remarquer; pref. re- re- + marquer to mark, marque a mark, of German origin, akin to E. mark. See Mark, v.& n.]

1. To mark in a notable manner; to distinquish clearly; to make noticeable or conspicuous; to piont out. [Obs.]

Thou art a man remarked to taste a mischief. Ford.
His manacles remark him; there he sits. Milton.

2. To take notice of, or to observe, mentally; as, to remark the manner of a speaker.

3. To express in words or writing, as observed or noticed; to state; to say; -- often with a substantive clause; as, he remarked that it was time to go. Syn. -- To observe; notice; heed; regard; note; say. -- Remark, Observe, Notice. To observe is to keep or hold a thing distinctly before the mind. To remark is simply to mark or take note of whatever may come up. To notice implies still less continuity of attention. When we turn from these mental states to the expression of them in language, we find the same distinction. An observation is properly the result of somewhat prolonged thought; a remark is usually suggested by some passing occurence; a notice is in most cases something cursory and short. This distinction is not always maintained as to remark and observe, which are often used interchangeably. "Observing men may form many judgments by the rules of similitude and proportion." I. Watts. "He can not distinguish difficult and noble speculations from trifling and vulgar remarks." Collier. "The thing to be regarded, in taking notice of a child's miscarriage, is what root it springs from." Locke.

Remark

Re*mark" (r?-m?rk"), v. i. To make a remark or remarks; to comment.

Remark

Re*mark", n. [Cf. F. remarque.]

1. Act of remarking or attentively noticing; notice or observation.

The cause, though worth the search, may yet elude Conjecture and remark, however shrewd. Cowper.

2. The expression, in speech or writing, of something remarked or noticed; the mention of that which is worthy of attention or notice; hence, also, a casual observation, comment, or statement; as, a pertinent remark. Syn. -- Observation; note; comment; annotation.

Remarkable

Re*mark"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. [F. remarquable.] Worthy of being remarked or noticed; noticeable; conspicuous; hence, uncommon; extraordinary.
'T is remarkable, that they Talk most who have the least to say. Prior.
There is nothing left remarlable Beneath the visiting moon. Shak.
Syn. -- Observable; noticeable; extraordinary; unusual; rare; strange; wonderful; notable; eminent. -- Re*mark"a*ble*ness, n. -- Re*mark"a*bly, adv.

Remarker

Re*mark"er (-?r), n. One who remarks.

Remarriage

Re*mar"riage (r?-m?r"r?j), n. A second or repeated marriage.

Remarry

Re*mar"ry (r?-m?r"rr?), v. t. & i. To marry again.

Remast

Re*mast" (r?-m?st"), v. t. To furnish with a new mast or set of masts.

Remasticate

Re*mas"ti*cate (r?-m?s"t?-k?t), v. t. To chew or masticate again; to chew over and over, as the cud.

Remastication

Re*mas`ti*ca"tion (-k?"sh?n), n. The act of masticating or chewing again or repeatedly.

Remberge

Rem"berge (r?m"b?rj), n. See Ramberge.

Remblai

Rem`blai" (r?n`bl?"), n. [F., fr. remblayer to fill up an excavation, to embank.] (Fort. & Engin.) Earth or materials made into a bank after having been excavated.

Remble

Rem"ble (r, v. t. [Cf. OF. embler to steal, fr. L. involare to fly into or at, to carry off.] To remove. [Prov.Eng.] Grose. Tennyson.

Reme

Reme (r, n. Realm. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Remean

Re*mean" (r, v. t. To give meaning to; to explain the meaning of; to interpret. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Remeant

Re"me*ant (rant), a. [L. remeans, -antis, p. pr. of remeare to go or come back.] Coming back; returning. [R.] "Like the remeant sun." C. Kingsley.

Remeasure

Re*meas"ure (r?-m?zh"?r; 135), v. t. To measure again; to retrace.
They followed him . . . The way they came, their steps remeasured right. Fairfax.

Remede

Re*mede" (r?-m?d"), n. Remedy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Remediable

Re*me"di*a*ble (r?-m?"d?-?-b'l), a. [L. remediabilis: cf. F. rem\'82diable.] Capable of being remedied or cured. -- Re*me"di*a*ble*ness, n. -Re*me"di*a*bly, adv.

Remedial

Re*me"di*al (-al), a. [L. remedialis.] Affording a remedy; intended for a remedy, or for the removal or abatement of an evil; as, remedial treatment.
Statutes are declaratory or remedial. Blackstone.
It is an evil not compensated by any beneficial result; it is not remedial, not conservative. I. Taylor.

Remedially

Re*me"di*al*ly, adv. In a remedial manner.

Remediate

Re*me"di*ate (-?t), a. Remedial. [R.] Shak.

Remediless

Re*med"i*less (r?-m?d"?-l?s ∨ r?m"?-d?-l?s; 277) a.

1. Not admitting of a remedy; incapable of being restored or corrected; incurable; irreparable; as, a remediless mistake or loss. "Chains remedilesse." Spenser.

Hopeless are all my evils, all remediless. Milton.

2. Not answering as a remedy; ineffectual. [Obs.]

Forced to forego the attempt remediless. Spenser.
Syn. -- Incurable; cureless; irremediable; irrecoverable; irretrievable; irreparable; desperate. -- Re*med"i*less, adv. [Obs.] Udall. -- Re*med"i*less*ly, adv. -- Re*med"i*less*ness, n.

Remedy

Rem"e*dy (r?m"?-d?), n.; pl. Remedies (-d. [L. remedium; pref. re- re- + mederi to heal, to cure: cf. F. rem\'8ade remedy, rem\'82dier to remedy. See Medical.]

1. That which relieves or cures a disease; any medicine or application which puts an end to disease and restores health; -- with for; as, a remedy for the gout.

2. That which corrects or counteracts an evil of any kind; a corrective; a counteractive; reparation; cure; -- followed by for or against, formerly by to.

What may else be remedy or cure To evils which our own misdeeds have wrought, He will instruct us. Milton.

3. (Law) The legal means to recover a right, or to obtain redress for a wrong. Civil remedy. See under Civil. -- Remedy of the mint (Coinage), a small allowed deviation from the legal standard of weight and fineness; -- called also tolerance. Syn. -- Cure; restorative; counteraction; reparation; redress; relief; aid; help; assistance.

Remedy

Rem"e*dy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remedied (-d?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Remedying.] [L. remediare, remediari: cf. F. rem. See Remedy, n.] To apply a remedy to; to relieve; to cure; to heal; to repair; to redress; to correct; to counteract.
I will remedy this gear ere long. Shak.

Remelt

Re*melt" (r?-m?lt"), v. t. To melt again.

Remember

Re*mem"ber (r?-m?m"b?r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remembered (-b?rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Remembering.] [OF. remebrer, L. rememorari; pref. re- re- + memorare to bring to remembrance, from memor mindful. See Memory, and cf. Rememorate.]

1. To have ( a notion or idea) come into the mind again, as previously perceived, known, or felt; to have a renewed apprehension of; to bring to mind again; to think of again; to recollect; as, I remember the fact; he remembers the events of his childhood; I cannot remember dates.

We are said to remember anithing, when the idea of it ariseI. Watts.

2. To be capable of recalling when required; to keep in mind; to be continually aware or thoughtful of; to preserve fresh in the memory; to attend to; to think of with gratitude, affection, respect, or any other emotion.

Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Ex. xx. 8.
That they may have their wages duly paid 'em, And something over to remember me by. Shak.
Remember what I warn thee; shun to taste. Milton.

Page 1216

3. To put in mind; to remind; -- also used reflexively and impersonally. [Obs.] "Remembering them the trith of what they themselves known." Milton.

My friends remembered me of home. Chapman.
Remember you of passed heaviness. Chaucer.
And well thou wost [knowest] if it remember thee. Chaucer.

4. To mention. [Obs.] "As in many cases hereafter to be remembered." Ayliffe.

5. To recall to the mind of another, as in the friendly messages, remember me to him, he wishes to be remembered to you, etc.

Remember

Re*mem"ber (r?-m?m"b?r), v. i. To execise or have the power of memory; as, some remember better than others. Shak.

Rememberable

Re*mem"ber*a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable or worthy of being remembered. -- Re*mem"ber*a*bly, adv. <-- = memorable -->
The whole vale of Keswick is so rememberable. Coleridge.

Rememberer

Re*mem"ber*er (-?r), n. One who remembers.

Remembrance

Re*mem"brance (-brans), n. [OF. remembrance.]

1. The act of remembering; a holding in mind, or bringing to mind; recollection.

Lest fierce remembrance wake my sudden rage. Milton.
Lest the remembrance of his grief should fail. Addison.

2. The state of being remembered, or held in mind; memory; recollection.

This, ever grateful, in remembrance bear. Pope.

3. Something remembered; a person or thing kept in memory. Shak.

4. That which serves to keep in or bring to mind; a memorial; a token; a memento; a souvenir; a memorandum or note of something to be remembered.

And on his breast a bloody cross he bore, The dear remembrance of his dying Lord. Spenser.
Keep this remembrance for thy Julia's sake. Shak.

5. Something to be remembered; counsel; admoni [Obs.] Shak.

6. Power of remembering; reach of personal knowledge; period over which one's memory extends.

Thee I have heard relating what was done Ere my remembrance. Milton.
Syn. -- Recollection; reminiscence. See Memory.

Remembrancer

Re*mem"bran*cer (-bran-s?r), n.

1. One who, or that which, serves to bring to, or keep in, mind; a memento; a memorial; a reminder.

Premature consiolation is but the remembrancer of sorrow. Goldsmith.
Ye that are the lord's remembrancers. Isa. lxii. 6. (Rev. Ver. ).

2. A term applied in England to several officers, having various functions, their duty originally being to bring certain matters to the attention of the proper persons at the proper time. "The remembrancer of the lord treasurer in the exchequer." Bacon.

Rememorate

Re*mem"o*rate (-?-r?t), v. i. [L. rememoratus, p. p. of rememorari. See Remember.] To recall something by means of memory; to remember. [Obs.] Bryskett.

Rememoratuin

Re*mem`o*ra"tuin (-r?"sh?n), n. [F. rem, or L. rememoratio.] A recalling by the faculty of memory; remembrance. [Obs. & R.] Bp. Montagu.

Rememorative

Re*mem"o*ra*tive (r?-mEm"?-r?-t?v), a. Tending or serving to remind. [R.]

Remenant

Rem"e*nant (r?m"?-nant), n. A remnant. [Obs.]

Rem,ercie, Remercy

Re*m,er"cie, Re*mer"cy (r?-mER"s?), v. t. [F. remercier; pref. re- re- + OF. mercier to thank, from OF. & F. merci. See Mercy.] To thank. [Obs.]
She him remercied as the patron of her life. Spenser.

Remerge

Re*merge" (r?-m?rj"), v. i. To merge again. "Remerging in the general Soul." Tennyson.

Remeve r-mEv, Remewe

Re*meve" (r?-mEv"), Re*mewe" (r?-m?"), v. t. & i. To remove. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Remiform

Rem"i*form (r?m"?*f?rm), a. [L. remus oar + -form.] Shaped like an oar.

Remiges

Rem"i*ges (r?m"?*j?z), n. pl.; sing. Remex. (r. [L. remex, -igis, an oarsman.] (Zo\'94l.) The quill feathers of the wings of a bird.

Remigrate

Rem"i*grate (r?m"?-gr?t ∨ r?-m?"gr?t; 277), v. i. [L. remigrare. See Re-, and Migrate.] To migrate again; to go back; to return. Boyle.

Remigration

Rem`i*gra"tion (r?m`?-gr?"sh?n), n. Migration back to the place from which one came. Sir M. Hale.

Remind

Re*mind" (r?-m?nd"), v. t. To put (one) in mind of something; to bring to the remembrance of; to bring to the notice or consideration of (a person).
When age itself, which will not be defied, shall begin to arrest, seize, and remind us of our mortality. South.

Reminder

Re*mind"er (-?r), n. One who, or that which, reminds; that which serves to awaken remembrance.

Remindful

Re**mind"ful (f?l), a. Tending or adapted to remind; careful to remind. Southey.

Reminiscence

Rem`i*nis"cence (r?m`?-n?s"sens), n. [F. r\'82miniscence, L. reminiscentia.]

1. The act or power of recalling past experience; the state of being reminiscent; remembrance; memory.

The other part of memory, called reminiscence, which is the retrieving of a thing at present forgot, or but confusedly remembered. South.
I forgive your want of reminiscence, since it is long since I saw you. Sir W. Scott.

2. That which is remembered, or recalled to mind; a statement or narration of remembered experience; a recollection; as, pleasing or painful reminiscences. Syn. -- Remembrance; recollection. See Memory.

Reminiscency

Rem`i*nis"cen*cy (-sen-s?), n. Reminiscence. [Obs.]

Reminiscent

Rem`i*nis"cent (-sent), a. [L. reminiscens, -entis, p. pr. of reminisci to recall to mind, to recollect; pref.re- re + a word akin to mens mind, memini I remember. See Mind.] Recalling to mind, or capable of recalling to mind; having remembrance; reminding one of something.
Some other of existence of which we have been previously conscious, and are now reminiscent. Sir W. Hamilton.

Reminiscent

Rem`i*nis"cent (r?m`?-n?s"sent), n. One who is addicted to indulging, narrating, or recording reminiscences.

Reminiscential

Rem`i*nis*cen"tial (-n?s-s?n"shal), a. Of or pertaining to reminiscence, or remembrance. Sir T. Browne.

Remiped

Rem"i*ped (r?m"?-p?d), a. [L. remus oar + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F. r\'82mip\'8ade.] (Zo\'94l.) Having feet or legs that are used as oars; -- said of certain crustaceans and insects.

Remiped

Rem"i*ped, n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An animal having limbs like oars, especially one of certain crustaceans. (b) One of a group of aquatic beetles having tarsi adapted for swimming. See Water beetle.

Remise

Re*mise" (r?-m?z"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remised (-m?zd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Remising.] [F. remise delivery, surrender, fr. remettre to put back, deliver, L. remittere. See Remit.] To send, give, or grant back; torelease a claim to; to resign or surrender by deed; to return. Blackstone.

Remise

Re*mise", n. (Law) A giving or granting back; surrender; return; release, as of a claim.

Remiss

Re*miss" (r?-m?s"), a. [L. remissus, p. p. of remittere to send back, relax. See Remit.] Not energetic or exact in duty or business; not careful or prompt in fulfilling engagements; negligent; careless; tardy; behindhand; lagging; slack; hence, lacking earnestness or activity; languid; slow.
Thou never wast remiss, I bear thee witness. Milton.
These nervous, bold; those languid and remiss. Roscommon.
Its motion becomes more languid and remiss. Woodward.
Syn. -- Slack; dilatory; slothful; negligent; careless; neglectful; inattentive; heedles; thoughtless.

Remiss

Re*miss", n. The act of being remiss; inefficiency; failure. [Obs.] "Remisses of laws." Puttenham.

Remissful

Re*miss"ful (-f?l), a. Inclined to remit punishment; lenient; clement. Drayton.

Remissibility

Re*mis`si*bil"i*ty (r?-m?s`s?-b?l"?-t?), n. The state or quality of being remissible. Jer. Taylor.

Remissible

Re*mis"si*ble (r?-m?s"s?-b'l), a. [L. remissibilis: cf. F. r\'82missible. See Remit.] Capable of being remitted or forgiven. Feltham.

Remission

Re*mis"sion (r?-m?sh"?n), n. [F. r\'82mission, L. remissio. See Remit.]

1. The act of remitting, surrendering, resigning, or giving up.

2. Discharge from that which is due; relinquishment of a claim, right, or obligation; pardon of transgression; release from forfeiture, penalty, debt, etc.

This is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins. Matt. xxvi. 28.
That ples, therefore, . . . Will gain thee no remission. Milton.

3. Diminution of intensity; abatement; relaxation.

4. (Med.) A temporary and incomplete subsidence of the force or violence of a disease or of pain, as destinguished from intermission, in which the disease completely leaves the patient for a time; abatement.

5. The act of sending back. [R.] Stackhouse.

6. Act of sending in payment, as money; remittance.

Remissive

Re*mis"sive (r?-m?s"s?v), a. [L. remissivus. See Remit.] Remitting; forgiving; abating. Bp. Hacket.

Remissly

Re*miss"ly (r?-m?s"l?), adv. In a remiss or negligent manner; carelessly.

Remissness

Re*miss"ness, n. Quality or state of being remiss.

Remissory

Re*mis"so*ry (r?-m?s"s?-r?), a. Serving or tending to remit, or to secure remission; remissive. "A sacrifice expiatory or remissory." Latimer.

Remit

Re*mit" (r?-m?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Remitting.] [L. remittere, remissum, to send back, to slacken, relax; pref. re- re- + mittere to send. See Mission, and cf. Remise, Remiss.]

1. To send back; to give up; to surrender; to resign.

In the case the law remits him to his ancient and more certain right. Blackstone.
In grevious and inhuman crimes, offenders should be remitted to their prince. Hayward.
The prisoner was remitted to the guard. Dryden.

2. To restore. [Obs.]

The archbishop was . . . remitted to his liberty. Hayward.

3. (Com.) To transmit or send, esp. to a distance, as money in payment of a demand, account, draft, etc.; as, he remitted the amount by mail.

4. To send off or away; hence: (a) To refer or direct (one) for information, guidance, help, etc. "Remitting them . . . to the works of Galen." Sir T. Elyot. (b) To submit, refer, or leave (something) for judgment or decision. "Whether the counsel be good Iremit it to the wise readers." Sir T. Elyot.

5. To relax in intensity; to make less violent; to abate.

So willingly doth God remit his ire. Milton.

6. To forgive; to pardon; to remove.

Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them. John xx. 23.

7. To refrain from exacting or enforcing; as, to remit the performance of an obligation. "The sovereign was undoubtedly competent to remit penalties." Macaulay. Syn. -- To relax; release; abate; relinguish; forgive; pardon; absolve.

Remit

Re*mit", v. i.

1. To abate in force or in violence; to grow less intense; to become moderated; to abate; to relax; as, a fever remits; the severity of the weather remits.

2. To send money, as in payment. Addison.

Remitment

Re*mit"ment (-ment), n. The act of remitting, or the state of being remitted; remission.
Disavowing the remitment of Claudius. Milton.

Remittal

Re*mit"tal (-tal), n. A remitting; a giving up; surrender; as, the remittal of the first fruits. Swift.

Remittance

Re*mit"tance (r?-m?t"tans), n.

1. The act of transmitting money, bills, or the like, esp. to a distant place, as in satisfaction of a demand, or in discharge of an obligation.

2. The sum or thing remitted. Addison.

Remittee

Re*mit`tee" (r?-m?t`t?"), n. (Com.) One to whom a remittance is sent.

Remittent

Re*mit"tent (r?-m?t"tent), a. [L. remittens, p. pr. : cf. F. r\'82mittent.] Remitting; characterized by remission; having remissions. Remittent fever (Med.), a fever in which the symptoms temporarily abate at regular intervals, but do not wholly cease. See Malarial fever, under Malarial.

Remitter

Re*mit"ter (-t?r), n.

1. One who remits. Specifically: (a) One who pardons. (b) One who makes remittance.

2. (Law) The sending or placing back of a person to a title or right he had before; the restitution of one who obtains possession of property under a defective title, to his rights under some valid title by virtue of which he might legally have entered into possession only by suit. Bouvier.

Remittitur

Re*mit"ti*tur (-t?-t?r), n. [L., (it) is remitted.] (Law) (a) A remission or surrender, -- remittitur damnut being a remission of excess of damages. (b) A sending back, as when a record is remitted by a superior to an inferior court. Wharton.

Remittor

Re*mit"tor (-t?r), n. (Law) One who makes a remittance; a remitter.

Remix

Re*mix" (r?-m?ks"), v. t. To mix again or repeatedly.

Remnant

Rem"nant (r?m"nant), a. [OF. remanant, p. pr. of remanoir, remaindre. See Remanent, Remain.] Remaining; yet left. [R.] "Because of the remnant dregs of his disease." Fuller.
And quiet dedicate her remnant life To the just duties of an humble wife. Prior.

Remnant

Rem"nant, n. [OF.remanant. See Remnant, a.]

1. That which remains after a part is removed, destroyed, used up, performed, etc.; residue. Chaucer.

The remnant that are left of the captivity. Neh. i. 3.
The remnant of my tale is of a length To tire your patience. Dryden.

2. A small portion; a slight trace; a fragment; a little bit; a scrap.

Some odd quirks and remnants of wit. Shak.

3. (Com.) An unsold end of piece goods, as cloth, ribbons, carpets, etc. Syn. -- Residue; rest; remains; remainder.

Remodel

Re*mod"el (r?-m?d"?l), v. t. To model or fashion anew; to change the form of.
The corporation had been remodeled. Macaulay.

Remodification

Re*mod`i*fi*ca"tion (-?-f?-k?"sh?n), n. The act of remodifying; the state of being remodified.

Remodify

Re*mod"i*fy (r?-m?d"?-f?), v. t. To modify again or anew; to reshape.

R\'82molade rmld, R\'82moulad

R\'82`mo`lade" (r?`m?`l?d"), R\'82`mou`lad" (r?`m??`l?d"), n. [F.] A kind of piquant sauce or salad dressing resembling mayonnaise.

Remold, Remould

Re*mold", Re*mould" (r?-m?ld"), v. t. To mold or shape anew or again; to reshape.

Remollient

Re*mol"lient (r?-m?l"yent ∨ -l?-ent), a. [L. remolliens, p. pr. of remollire to mollify: cf. F. r\'82mollient. See Mollient.] Mollifying; softening. [R.]

Remonetization

Re*mon`e*ti*za"tion (r?-m?n`?-t?-z?"sh?n ∨ -m?n`-), n. The act of remonetizing.

Remonetize

Re*mon"e*tize (-t?z), v. t. To restore to use as money; as, to remonetize silver.

Remonstrance

Re*mon"strance (-m?n"strans), n. [Cf. OF. remonstrance, F. remonstrance. See Remonstrate.]

1. The act of remonstrating; as: (a) A pointing out; manifestation; proof; demonstration. [Obs.]

You may marvel why I . . . would not rather Make rash remonstrance of my hidden power Than let him be so lost. Shak.
(b) Earnest presentation of reason in opposition to something; protest; expostulation.

2. (R.C.Ch.) Same as Monstrance.

Remonstrant

Re*mon"strant (-strant), a. [LL. remonstranc, -antis, p. pr. of remonstrare: cf. OF. remonstrant, F.remontrant.] Inclined or tending to remonstrate; expostulatory; urging reasons in opposition to something.

Remonstrant

Re*mon"strant, n. One who remonstrates; specifically (Eccl. Hist.), one of the Arminians who remonstrated against the attacks of the Calvinists in 1610, but were subsequently condemned by the decisions of the Synod of Dort in 1618. See Arminian.

Remonstrantly

Re*mon"strant*ly, adv. In a remonstrant manner.

Remonstrate

Re*mon"strate (-str?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remonstrated (-str; p. pr. & vb. n. Remonstrating.] [LL. remonstratus, p. p. of remonstrare to remonstrate; L. pref. re- + monstrare to show. See Monster.] To point out; to show clearly; to make plain or manifest; hence, to prove; to demonstrate. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
I will remonstrate to you the third door. B. Jonson.

Remonstrate

Re*mon"strate, v. i. To present and urge reasons in opposition to an act, measure, or any course of proceedings; to expostulate; as, to remonstrate with a person regarding his habits; to remonstrate against proposed taxation.
It is proper business of a divine to state cases of conscience, and to remonstrate against any growing corruptions in practice, and especially in principles. Waterland.
Syn. -- Expostulate, Remonstrate. These words are commonly interchangeable, the principal difference being that expostulate is now used especially to signify remonstrance by a superior or by one in authority. A son remonstrates against the harshness of a father; a father expostulates with his son on his waywardness. Subjects remonstrate with their rulers; sovereigns expostulate with the parliament or the people.

Remonstration

Re`mon*stra"tion (r?`m?n*str?"sh?n), n. [Cf. OF. remonstration, LL. remonstratio.] The act of remonstrating; remonstrance. [R.] Todd.

Remonstrative

Re*mon"stra*tive (r?*m?n"str?*t?v), a. Having the character of a remonstrance; expressing remonstrance.
Page 1217

Remonstrator

Re*mon"stra*tor (r?*m?n"str?*t?r), n. One who remonstrates; a remonsrant. Bp. Burnet.

Remontant

Re*mon"tant (-tant), a.[F.] (Hort.) Rising again; -- applied to a class of roses which bloom more than once in a season; the hybrid perpetual roses, of which the Jacqueminot is a well-known example.

Remontoir

Re*mon`toir" (re-m?n"tw?r"; E. r?-m?n"tw?r), n. [F.] (Horology) See under Escapement.

Remora

Rem"o*ra (r?m"?*r?), n. [L.: cf. F. r\'82mora.]

1. Delay; obstacle; hindrance. [Obs.] Milton.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of fishes belonging to Echeneis, Remora, and allied genera. Called also sucking fish. &hand; The anterior dorsal fin is converted into a large sucking disk, having two transverse rows of lamell\'91, situated on the top of the head. They adhere firmly to sharks and other large fishes and to vessels by this curious sucker, letting go at will. The pegador, or remora of sharks (Echeneis naucrates), and the swordfish remora (Remora brachyptera), are common American species.

3. (Surg.) An instrument formerly in use, intended to retain parts in their places. Dunglison.

Remorate

Rem"o*rate (-r?t), v. t. [L. remoratus, p. p. of remorari; pref. re- re- + morari to delay.] To hinder; to delay. [Obs.] Johnson.

Remord

Re*mord" (r?-m?rd"), v. t. [L. remordere to bite again, to torment: cf. F. remordre. See Remorse.] To excite to remorse; to rebuke. [Obs.] Skelton.

Remord

Re*mord", v. i. To feel remorse. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Remordency

Re*mord"en*cy (-en*s?), n. Remorse; compunction; compassion. [Obs.] Killingbeck.

Remorse

Re*morse" (r?*m?rs"), n. [OE. remors, OF. remors,F. remords, LL. remorsus, fr. L. remordere, remorsum, to bite again or back, to torment; pref. re- re- + mordere to bite. See Morsel.]

1. The anguish, like gnawing pain, excited by a sense of guilt; compunction of conscience for a crime committed, or for the sins of one's past life. "Nero will be tainted with remorse." Shak.

2. Sympathetic sorrow; pity; compassion.

Curse on the unpardoning prince, whom tears can draw To no remorse. Dryden.
But evermore it seem'd an easier thing At once without remorse to strike her dead. Tennyson.
Syn. -- Compunction; regret; anguish; grief; compassion. See Compunction.

Remorsed

Re*morsed" (r?-m?rst"), a. Feeling remorse. [Obs.]

Remorseful

Re*morse"ful (-m?rs"f?l), a.

1. Full of remorse.

The full tide of remorseful passion had abated. Sir W. Scott.

2. Compassionate; feeling tenderly. [Obs.] Shak.

3. Exciting pity; pitiable. [Obs.] Chapman. -- Re*morse"ful*ly, adv. -- Re*morse"ful*ness, n.

Remorseless

Re*morse"less, a. Being without remorse; having no pity; hence, destitute of sensibility; cruel; insensible to distress; merciless. "Remorseless adversaries." South. "With remorseless cruelty." Milton. Syn. -- Unpitying; pitiless; relentless; unrelenting; implacable; merciless; unmerciful; savage; cruel. -- Re*morse"less*ly, adv. -- Re*morse"less*ness, n.

Remote

Re*mote" (r?-m?t"), a. [Compar. Remoter (-?r); superl. Remotest.] [L. remotus, p. p. of removere to remove. See Remove.]

1. Removed to a distance; not near; far away; distant; -- said in respect to time or to place; as, remote ages; remote lands.

Places remote enough are in Bohemia. Shak.
Remote from men, with God he passed his days. Parnell.

2. Hence, removed; not agreeing, according, or being related; -- in various figurative uses. Specifically: (a) Not agreeing; alien; foreign. "All these propositions, how remote soever from reason." Locke. (b) Not nearly related; not close; as, a remote connection or consanguinity. (c) Separate; abstracted. "Wherever the mind places itself by any thought, either amongst, or remote from, all bodies." Locke. (d) Not proximate or acting directly; primary; distant. "From the effect to the remotest cause." Granville. (e) Not obvious or sriking; as, a remote resemblance.

3. (Bot.) Separated by intervals greater than usual. -- Re*mote"ly, adv. -- Re*mote"ness, n.

Remotion

Re*mo"tion (r?-m?"sh?n), n. [L. remotio. See Remove.]

1. The act of removing; removal. [Obs.]

This remotion of the duke and her Is practice only. Shak.

2. The state of being remote; remoteness. [R.]

The whitish gleam [of the stars] was the mask conferred by the enormity of their remotion. De Quincey.

Remould

Re*mould" (r?-m?ld"), v. t. See Remold.

Remount

Re*mount" (r?-mount"), v. t. & i. To mount again.

Remount

Re*mount", n. The opportunity of, or things necessary for, remounting; specifically, a fresh horse, with his equipments; as, to give one a remount.

Removable

Re*mov"a*ble (r?-m??v"?-b'l), a. Admitting of being removed. Ayliffe. -- Re*mov`a*bil"i*ty (-, n.

Removal

Re*mov"al (-al), n. The act of removing, or the state of being removed.

Remove

Re*move" (r?-m??v"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Removed (-m??vd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Removing.] [OF. removoir, remouvoir, L. removere, remotum; pref. re- re- + movere to move. See Move.]

1. To move away from the position occupied; to cause to change place; to displace; as, to remove a building.

Thou shalt not remove thy neighbor's landmark. Deut. xix. 14.
When we had dined, to prevent the ladies' leaving us, I generally ordered the table to be removed. Goldsmith.

2. To cause to leave a person or thing; to cause to cease to be; to take away; hence, to banish; to destroy; to put an end to; to kill; as, to remove a disease. "King Richard thus removed." Shak.

3. To dismiss or discharge from office; as, the President removed many postmasters. &hand; See the Note under Remove, v. i.

Remove

Re*move" (r?-m??v"), v. i. To change place in any manner, or to make a change in place; to move or go from one residence, position, or place to another.
Till Birnam wood remove to Dunsinane, I can not taint with fear. Shak.
&hand; The verb remove, in some of its application, is synonymous with move, but not in all. Thus we do not apply remove to a mere change of posture, without a change of place or the seat of a thing. A man moves his head when he turns it, or his finger when he bends it, but he does not remove it. Remove usually or always denotes a change of place in a body, but we never apply it to a regular, continued course or motion. We never say the wind or water, or a ship, removes at a certain rate by the hour; but we say a ship was removed from one place in a harbor to another. Move is a generic term, including the sense of remove, which is more generally applied to a change from one station or permanent position, stand, or seat, to another station.

Remove

Re*move", n.

1. The act of removing; a removal.

This place should be at once both school and university, not needing a remove to any other house of scholarship. Milton.
And drags at each remove a lengthening chain. Goldsmith.

2. The transfer of one's business, or of one's domestic belongings, from one location or dwelling house to another; -- in the United States usually called a move.

It is an English proverb that three removes are as bad as a fire. J. H. Newman.

3. The state of being removed. Locke.

4. That which is removed, as a dish removed from table to make room for something else.

5. The distance or space through which anything is removed; interval; distance; stage; hence, a step or degree in any scale of gradation; specifically, a division in an English public school; as, the boy went up two removes last year.

A freeholder is but one remove from a legislator. Addison.

6. (Far.) The act of resetting a horse's shoe. Swift.

Removed

Re*moved" (r?-m??vd"), a.

1. Changed in place.

2. Dismissed from office.

3. Distant in location; remote. "Something finer than you could purchase in so removed a dwelling." Shak.

4. Distant by degrees in relationship; as, a cousin once removed. -- Re*mov"ed*ness (r, n. Shak.

Remover

Re*mov"er (-?r), n. One who removes; as, a remover of landmarks. Bacon.

Remuable

Re*mu"a*ble (r?-m?"?-b'l), a. [F.] That may be removed; removable. [Obs.] Gower.

Remue

Re*mue" (r?-m?"), v. t. [F. remuer. See Mew to molt.] To remove. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Remugient

Re*mu"gi*ent (r?-m?"j?-ent), a. [L. remugiens, p. pr. of remugire. See Mugient.] Rebellowing. Dr. H. More.

Remunerable

Re**mu"ner*a*ble (r?-m?"n?r-?-b'l), a. [See Remunerate.] Admitting, or worthy, of remuneration. -- Re*mu`ner*a*bil"i*ty (r, n.

Remunerate

Re*mu"ner*ate (-?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Remunerated (-?"t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Remunerating.] [L. remuneratus, p. p. of remunerare, remunerari; pref. re- re- + munerare, munerari, to give, present, from munus, muneris, a gift, present. Cf. Munificent.] To pay an equivalent to for any service, loss, expense, or other sacrifice; to recompense; to requite; as, to remunerate men for labor. Syn. -- To reward; recompense; compensate; satisfy; requite; repay; pay; reimburse.

Remuneration

Re*mu`ner*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. [L. remuneratio: cf. F. r\'82mun\'82ration.]

1. The act of remunerating.

2. That which is given to remunerate; an equivalent given, as for services, loss, or sufferings. Shak. Syn. -- Reward; recompense; compensation; pay; payment; repayment; satisfaction; requital.

Remunerative

Re*mu"ner*a*tive (r?-m?"n?r-?-t?v), a. [Cf.F. r\'82mun.] Affording remuneration; as, a remunerative payment for services; a remunerative business. -Re*mu"ner*a*tive*ly, adv. -- Re*mu"ner*a*tive*ness, n.

Remuneratory

Re*mu"ner*a*to*ry (-t?-r?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82mun.] Remunerative. Johnson.

Remurmur

Re*mur"mur (r?-m?r"m?r), v. t. & i. [Pref. re- + murmur: cf. F. remurmurare.] To murmur again; to utter back, or reply, in murmurs.
The trembling trees, in every plain and wood, Her fate remurmur to the silver flood. Pope.

Ren

Ren (r?n), v. t. & i. See Renne. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ren

Ren, n. A run. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renable

Ren"a*ble (r?n"?-b'l), a. [OF. resnable.] Reasonable; also, loquacious. [Obs.] "Most renable of tongue." Piers Plowman. -- Ren"a*bly, adv. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renaissance

Re*nais`sance" (F. re-n?`s?ns"; E. r?-n?s"sans), n. [F., fr. rena&icir;tre to be born again. Cf. Renascence.] A new birth, or revival. Specifically: (a) The transitional movement in Europe, marked by the revival of classical learning and art in Italy in the 15th century, and the similar revival following in other countries. (b) The style of art which prevailed at this epoch.
The Renaissance was rather the last stage of the Middle Ages, emerging from ecclesiastical and feudal despotism, developing what was original in medi\'91val ideas by the light of classic arts and letters. J. A. Symonds (Encyc. Brit. ).

Renaissant

Re*nais"sant (r?-n?s"sant), a. Of or pertaining to the Renaissance.

Renal

Re"nal (r?"nal), a. [L. renalis, fr. renes the kidneys or reins: cf. F. r\'82nal. See Reins.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the kidneys; in the region of the kidneys. Renal calculus (Med.), a concretion formed in the excretory passages of the kidney.<-- = kidney stone? --> -- Renal capsules ∨ glands, the suprarenal capsules. See under Capsule. -- Renal casts, Renal colic. (Med.) See under Cast, and Colic.

Renal-portal

Re"nal-por`tal (r?"nal-p?r"tal), a. (Anat.) Both renal and portal. See Portal.

Rename

Re*name" (r?*n?m"), v. t. To give a new name to.

Renard

Ren"ard (r?n"?rd), n. [F. renard the fox, the name of the fox in a celebrated epic poem, and of German origin, G. Reinhard, OHG. Reginhard, properly, strong in counsel; regin counsel (akin to Goth. ragin) + hart hard. See Hard.] A fox; -- so called in fables or familiar tales, and in poetry. [Written also reynard.]

Renardine

Ren"ard*ine (-?n), a. Of or pertaining to Renard, the fox, or the tales in which Renard is mentioned.

Renascence

Re*nas"cence (r?-n?s"sens), n. [See Renascent, and cf. Renaissance.]

1. The state of being renascent.

Read the Phrenascence is varied. Coleridge.

2. Same as Renaissance.

The Renascence . . . which in art, in literature, and in physics, produced such splendid fruits. M. Arnold.

Renascency

Re*nas"cen*cy (-sen-s?), n. State of being renascent.

Renascent

Re*nas"cent (-sent), a. [L. renascens, p. pr. of renasci to be born again; pref. re- re- + nasci to be born. See Nascent.]

1. Springing or rising again into being; being born again, or reproduced.

2. See Renaissant.

Renascible

Re*nas"ci*ble (-s?-b'l), a. [LL. renascibilis, from L. renasci to be born again.] Capable of being reproduced; ablle to spring again into being.

Renate

Re*nate" (r?-n?t"), a. [L. renatus, p. p. of renasci.] Born again; regenerate; renewed. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.

Renavigate

Re*nav"i*gate (r?-n?v"?-g?t), v. t. To navigate again.

Renay

Re*nay" (r?-n?"), v. t. [OF. reneier, F. renier, F. renier; L. pref. re- re- + negare to deny. See Renegade.] To deny; to disown. [Obs.]

Rencontre

Ren*con"tre (r?n-k?n"t?r; F. r?n`k?n"tr'), n. [F.] Same as Rencounter, n.

Rencounter

Ren*coun"ter (r?n-koun"t?r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rencountered (-t?rd); p. pr. & vb/ n. Rencountering.] [F. rencontrer; pref. re- + OF. encontrer to encounter. See Encounter.]

1. To meet unexpectedly; to encounter.

2. To attack hand to hand. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rencounter

Ren*coun"ter, v. i. To meet unexpectedly; to encounter in a hostile manner; to come in collision; to skirmish.

Rencounter

Ren*coun"ter, n. [F. rencontre, from renconter to meet.]

1. A meeting of two persons or bodies; a collision; especially, a meetingg in opposition or contest; a combat, action, or engagement.

The justling chiefs in rude rencounter join. Granville.

2. A causal combat or action; a sudden contest or fight without premeditation, as between individuals or small parties.

The confederates should . . . outnumber the enemy in all rencounters and engagements. Addison.

Sun

Sun. -- Combat; fight; conflict; collision; clash.

Rend

Rend (r?nd), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rent (r?nt); p. pr. & vb. n. Rending.] [AS. rendan, hrendan; cf. OFries. renda, randa, Fries.renne to cut, rend, Icel. hrinda to push, thrust, AS. hrindan; or cf. Icel. r to rob, plunder, Ir. rannaim to divide, share, part, W. rhanu, Armor. ranna.]

1. To separate into parts with force or sudden violence; to tear asunder; to split; to burst; as, powder rends a rock in blasting; lightning rends an oak.

The dreadful thunder Doth rend the region. Shak.

2. To part or tear off forcibly; to take away by force.

An empire from its old foundations rent. Dryden.
I will surely rend the kingdom from thee. 1 Kings xi. 11.
To rap and rend. See under Rap, v. t., to snatch. Syn. -- To tear; burst; break; rupture; lacerate; fracture; crack; split.

Rend

Rend, v. i. To be rent or torn; to become parted; to sepparate; to split. Jer. Taylor.

Render

Rend"er (-?r), n. [From Rend.] One who rends.

Render

Ren"der (r?n"d?r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rendered (-d?rd);p. pr. & vb. n. Rendering.] [F. rendre, LL. rendre, fr. L. reddere; pref. red-, re-, re- + dare to give. See Datetime, and cf. Reddition, Rent.]

1. To return; to pay back; to restore.

Whose smallest minute lost, no riches render may. Spenser.

2. To inflict, as a retribution; to requite.

I will render vengeance to mine enemies. Deut. xxxii. 41.

3. To give up; to yield; to surrender.

I 'll make her render up her page to me. Shak.

4. Hence, to furnish; to contribute.

Logic renders its daily service to wisdom and virtue. I. Watts.

5. To furnish; to state; to deliver; as, to render an account; to render judgment.

6. To cause to be, or to become; as, to render a person more safe or more unsafe; to render a fortress secure.

7. To translate from one language into another; as, to render Latin into English.

8. To interpret; to set forth, represent, or exhibit; as, an actor renders his part poorly; a singer renders a passage of music with great effect; a painter renders a scene in a felicitous manner.

He did render him the most unnatural That lived amongst men. Shak.

9. To try out or extract (oil, lard, tallow, etc.) from fatty animal substances; as, to render tallow.

10. To plaster, as a wall of masonry, without the use of lath.

Render

Ren"der, v. i.

1. To give an account; to make explanation or confession. [Obs.]

2. (Naut.) To pass; to run; -- said of the passage of a rope through a block, eyelet, etc.; as, a rope renders well, that is, passes freely; also, to yield or give way. Totten.

Render

Ren"der, n.

1. A surrender. [Obs.] Shak.

2. A return; a payment of rent.

In those early times the king's household was supported by specific renders of corn and other victuals from the tenants of the demains. Blackstone.

3. An account given; a statement. [Obs.] Shak.


Page 1218

Renderable

Ren"der*a*ble (r?n"d?r-?-b'l), a. Capable of being rendered.

Renderer

Ren"der*er (-?r), n.

1. One who renders.

2. A vessel in which lard or tallow, etc., is rendered.

Rendering

Ren"der*ing, n. The act of one who renders, or that which is rendered. Specifically: (a) A version; translation; as, the rendering of the Hebrew text. Lowth. (b) In art, the presentation, expression, or interpretation of an idea, theme, or part. (c) The act of laying the first coat of plaster on brickwork or stonework. (d) The coat of plaster thus laid on. Gwilt. (e) The process of trying out or extracting lard, tallow, etc., from animal fat.

Rendezvous

Ren"dez*vous (r?n"d?*v&oomac; ∨ r?n"-; 277), n.; pl. Rendezvouses (r. [Rare in the plural.] [F. rendez-vous, properly, render yourselves, repair to a place. See Render.]

1. A place appointed for a meeting, or at which persons customarily meet.

An inn, the free rendezvous of all travelers. Sir W. Scott.

2. Especially, the appointed place for troops, or for the ships of a fleet, to assemble; also, a place for enlistment.

The king appointed his whole army to be drawn together to a rendezvous at Marlborough. Clarendon.

3. A meeting by appointment. Sprat.

4. Retreat; refuge. [Obs.] Shak.

Rendezvous

Ren"dez*vous (r?n"d?-v&oomac; ∨ r?n"-; 277), v. i. [imp. &. p. p. Rendezvoused (-v&oomac;d); p. pr. & vb. n. Rendezvousing (-v&oomac;*?ng).] To assemble or meet at a particular place.

Rendezvous

Ren"dez*vous, v. t. To bring together at a certain place; to cause to be assembled. Echard.

Rendible

Rend"i*ble (r?nd"?-b'l), a. [From Rend.] Capable of being rent or torn.

Rendible

Ren"di*ble (r?n"d?-b'l), a. [See Render.] Capable, or admitting, of being rendered.

Rendition

Ren*di"tion (r?n-d?sh"?n), n. [LL. rendere to render: cf. L. redditio. See Render, and cf. Reddition.]

1. The act of rendering; especially, the act of surrender, as of fugitives from justice, at the claim of a foreign government; also, surrender in war.

The rest of these brave men that suffered in cold blood after articles of rendition. Evelyn.

2. Translation; rendering; version.

This rendition of the word seems also most naturally to agree with the genuine meaning of some other words in the same verse. South.

Rendrock

Rend"rock` (r?nd"r?k`), n. A kind of dynamite used in blasting. [U.S.]

Renegade

Ren"e*gade (r?n"?-g?d), n. [Sp. renegado, LL. renegatus, fr. renegare to deny; L. pref. re- re- + negare to deny. See Negation, and cf. Runagate.] One faithless to principle or party. Specifically: (a) An apostate from Christianity or from any form of religious faith.
James justly regarded these renegades as the most serviceable tools that he could employ. Macaulay.
(b) One who deserts from a military or naval post; a deserter. Arbuthnot. (c) A common vagabond; a worthless or wicked fellow.

Renegado

Ren`e*ga"do (r?n`?-g?"d?), n. [Sp.] See Renegade.

Renegat

Ren"e*gat (r?n"?-g?t), n. [See Runegate.] A renegade. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renegation

Ren`e*ga"tion (r?n`?-ga"sh?n), n. A denial. [R.] "Absolute renegation of Christ." Milman.

Renege

Re*nege" (r?-n?j" ∨ r?-n?g"), v. t. [LL. renegare. See Renegade.] To deny; to disown. [Obs.] Shak.
All Europe high (all sorts of rights reneged) Against the trith and thee unholy leagued. Sylvester.

Renege

Re*nege", v. i.

1. To deny. [Obs.] Shak.

2. (Card Playing) To revoke. [R.]

Renerve

Re*nerve" (r?-n?rv"), v. t. To nerve again; to give new vigor to; to reinvigorate.

Renew

Re*new" (r?-n?"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reneved (-n?d"); p. pr. & vb. n. Renewing.] [Pref. re- + new. Cf. Renovate.]

1. To make new again; to restore to freshness, perfection, or vigor; to give new life to; to rejuvenate; to re

2. Specifically, to substitute for (an old obligation or right) a new one of the same nature; to continue in force; to make again; as, to renew a lease, note, or patent.

3. To begin again; to recommence.

The last great age . . . renews its finished course. Dryden.

4. To repeat; to go over again.

The birds-their notes renew. Milton.

5. (Theol.) To make new spiritually; to regenerate.

Be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind. Rom. xii. 2.

Renew

Re*new", v. i. To become new, or as new; to grow or begin again.

Renewability

Re*new`a*bil"i*ty (-?-b?l"?-t?), n. The quality or state of being renewable. [R.]

Renewable

Re*new"a*ble (r?-n?"?-b'l), a. Capable of being renewed; as, a lease renewable at pleasure. Swift.

Renewal

Re*new"al (-al), n. The act of renewing, or the state of being renewed; as, the renewal of a treaty.

Renewedly

Re*new"ed*ly, adv. Again; once more. [U.S.]

Renewedness

Re*new"ed*ness, n. The state of being renewed.

Renewer

Re*new"er (-?r), n. One who, or that which, renews.

Reneye

Re*neye" (r?-n?"), v. t. [See Renay.] To deney; to reject; to renounce. [Obs.]
For he made every man reneye his law. Chaucer.

Reng

Reng (r?ng), n. [See Rank, n.]

1. A rank; a row. [Obs.] "In two renges fair." Chaucer.

2. A rung or round of a ladder. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renidification

Re*nid`i*fi*ca"tion (r?-n?d`?-f?-k?"sh?n), n. (Zo\'94l.) The act of rebuilding a nest.

Reniform

Ren"i*form (r?n"?-f?rm; 277), a. [L. renes kidneys + -form: cf. F. r\'82niforme.] Having the form or shape of a kidney; as, a reniform mineral; a reniform leaf.

Renitence r-ntens, Renitency

Re*ni"tence (r?-n?"tens), Re*ni"ten*cy (-te-s?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82nitence.] The state or quality of being renitent; resistance; reluctance. Sterne.
We find a renitency in ourselves to ascribe life and irritability to the cold and motionless fibers of plants. E. Darwin.

Renitent

Re*ni"tent (-tent), a. [L. renitens, -entis, p. pr. of renit to strive or struggle against, resist; pref. re- re- + niti to struggle or strive: cf. F. r\'82nitent.]

1. Resisting pressure or the effect of it; acting against impluse by elastic force. "[Muscles] soft and yet renitent." Ray.

2. Persistently opposed.

Renne

Ren"ne (r?n"ne), v. t. To plunder; -- only in the phrase "to rape and renne." See under Rap, v. t., to snatch. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renne

Ren"ne, v. i. To run. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renner

Ren"ner (-n?r), n. A runner. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rennet

Ren"net (r?n"n?t), n. [F. rainette, reinette, perhaps fr. raine a tree frog, L. rana, because it is spotted like this kind of frog. Cf. Ranunculus.] (Bot.) A name of many different kinds of apples. Cf. Reinette. Mortimer.

Rennet, n. [AS. rinnan, rennan, to run, cf. gerinnan to curdle, coagulate. Ren"net, n. [AS. rinnan, rennan, to run, cf. gerinnan to curdle, coagulate. . See Run, v.] The inner, or mucous, membrance of the fourth stomach of the calf, or other young ruminant; also, an infusion or preparation of it, used for coagulating milk. [Written also runnet.] Cheese rennet. (Bot.) See under Cheese. -- Rennet ferment (Physiol. Chem.), a ferment, present in rennet and in variable quantity in the gastric juice of most animals, which has the power of curdling milk. The ferment presumably acts by changing the casein of milk from a soluble to an insoluble form. -- Rennet stomach (Anat.), the fourth stomach, or abomasum, of ruminants.

Renneted

Ren"net*ed, a. Provided or treated with rennet. [R.] "Pressed milk renneted." Chapman.

Renneting

Ren"net*ing, n. (Bot.) Same as 1st Rennet.

Renning

Ren"ning (r?n"n?ng), n. See 2d Rennet. [Obs.]
Asses' milk is holden for to be thickest, and therefore they use it instead of renning, to turn milk. Holland.

Renomee

Re`no*mee" (r?`n?-m?"), n. [F. renomm.] Renown. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renounce

Re*nounce" (r?-nouns"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Renounced (-nounst"); p. pr. & vb. n. Renouncing (-noun"s?ng).] [F. renoncer, L. renuntiare to bring back word, announce, revoke, retract, renounce; pref. re- re- + nuntiare to announce, fr. nuncius, a messenger. See Nuncio, and cf. Renunciation.]

1. To declare against; to reject or decline formally; to refuse to own or acknowledge as belonging to one; to disclaim; as, to renounce a title to land or to a throne.

2. To cast off or reject deliberately; to disown; to dismiss; to forswear.

This world I do renounce, and in your sights Shake patiently my great affliction off. Shak.

3. (Card Playing) To disclaim having a card of (the suit led) by playing a card of another suit. To renounce probate (Law), to decline to act as the executor of a will. Mozley & W. Syn. -- To cast off; disavow; disown; disclaim; deny; abjure; recant; abandon; forsake; quit; forego; resign; relinquish; give up; abdicate. -- Renounce, Abjure, Recant. -- To renounce is to make an affirmative declaration of abandonment. To abjure is to renounce with, or as with, the solemnity of an oath. To recant is to renounce or abjure some proposition previously affirmed and maintained.

From Thebes my birth I own; . . . since no disgrace Can force me to renounce the honor of my race. Dryden.
Either to die the death, or to abjure Forever the society of man. Shak.
Ease would recant Vows made in pain, as violent and void. Milton.

Renounce

Re*nounce", v. i.

1. To make renunciation. [Obs.]

He of my sons who fails to make it good, By one rebellious act renounces to my blood. Dryden.

2. (Law) To decline formally, as an executor or a person entitled to letters of administration, to take out probate or letters.

Dryden died without a will, and his widow having renounced, his son Charles administered on June 10. W. D. Christie.

Renounce

Re*nounce", n. (Card Playing) Act of renouncing.

Renouncement

Re*nounce"ment (-ment), n. [Cf. F. renoncement.] The act of disclaiming or rejecting; renunciation. Shak.

Renouncer

Re*noun"cer (r?-noun"s?r), n. One who renounces.

Renovate

Ren"o*vate (r?n"?-v?t), v. t. [L. renovatus, p. p. of renovare;pref. re- re- + novare to make new, fr. novus new. See New, and Renew.] To make over again; to restore to freshness or vigor; to renew.
All nature feels the reniovating force Of winter. Thomson.

Renovation

Ren`o**va"tion (-v?"sh?n), n. [L.renovatio: cf. F. r\'82novation.] The act or process of renovating; the state of being renovated or renewed. Thomson.
There is something inexpressibly pleasing in the annual renovation of the world. Rabbler.

Renovator

Ren"o*va`tor (r?n"?-v?`t?r), n. [L.: cf. F. r\'82novateur.] One who, or that which, renovates. Foster.

Renovel

Re*nov"el (r?-n?v"el), v. t. [F. renouveler to renew.] To renew; to renovate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renovelance

Re*nov"el*ance (-ans), n. Renewal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Renowme

Re*nowme" (r?-noum"), n. Renown. [Obs.]
The glory and renowme of the ancectors. Robynson (More's Utopia).

Renowmed

Re*nowmed" (r?-noumd"), a. Renowned. [Obs.]

Renown

Re*nown" (r?-noun"), n. [F. renom. See Noun, and cf. Renown, v.]

1. The state of being much known and talked of; exalted reputation derived from the extensive praise of great achievements or accomplishments; fame; celebrity; -- always in a good sense.

Nor envy we Thy great renown, nor grudge thy victory. Dryden.

2. Report of nobleness or exploits; praise.

This famous duke of Milan, Of whom so often I have heard renown. Shak.

Renown

Re*nown" (r?-noun"), v. t. [F. renommer to name again, celebrate, make famous; pref. re- re- + nommer to name, L. nominare , fr. nomen a name. See Noun.] To make famous; to give renown to. [Obs.]
For joi to hear me so renown his son. Chapman.
The bard whom pilfered pastorals renown. Pope.

Renowned

Re*nowned" (r?-nound"), a. Famous; celebrated for great achievements, for distinguished qualities, or for grandeur; eminent; as, a renowned king. "Some renowned metropolis with glistering spires." Milton.
These were the renouwned of the congregation. Num. i. 61.
Syn. -- Famous; famed; distinguished; noted; eminent; celebrated; remarkable; wonderful. See Famous.

Renownedly

Re*nown"ed*ly (r?-noun"?d-l?), adv. With renown.

Renowner

Re*nown"er (-?r), n. One who gives renown. [R.]

Renownful

Re*nown"ful (-f?l), a. Having great renown; famous. "Renownful Scipio." Marston.

Renownless

Re*nown"less, a. Without renown; inglorius.

Rensselaerite

Rens"se*laer*ite (r?ns"se-l?r-?t), n. (Min.) A soft, compact variety of talc,, being an altered pyroxene. It is often worked in a lathe into inkstands and other articles.

Rent

Rent (r?nt), v. i. To rant. [R. & Obs.] Hudibras.

Rent

Rent, imp. & p. p. of Rend.

Rent

Rent, n. [From Rend.]

1. An opening made by rending; a break or breach made by force; a tear.

See what a rent the envious Casca made. Shak.

2. Figuratively, a schim; a rupture of harmony; a separation; as, a rent in the church. Syn. -- Fissure; breach; disrupture; rupture; tear; diaceration; break; fracture.

Rent

Rent, v. t. To tear. See Rend. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rent

Rent, n. [F. rente, LL. renta, fr. L. reddita, fem. sing. or neut. pl. of redditus, p. p. of reddere to give back, pay. See Render.]

1. Incone; revenue. See Catel. [Obs.] "Catel had they enough and rent." Chaucer.

[Bacchus] a waster was and all his rent In wine and bordel he dispent. Gower.
So bought an annual rent or two, And liv'd, just as you see I do. Pope.

2. Pay; reward; share; toll. [Obs.]

Death, that taketh of high and low his rent. Chaucer.

3. (Law) A certain periodical profit, whether in money, provisions, chattels, or labor, issuing out of lands and tenements in payment for the use; commonly, a certain pecuniary sum agreed upon between a tenant and his landlord, paid at fixed intervals by the lessee to the lessor, for the use of land or its appendages; as, rent for a farm, a house, a park, etc. &hand; The term rent is also popularly applied to compensation for the use of certain personal chattles, as a piano, a sewing machine, etc. Black rent. See Blackmail, 3. -- Forehand rent, rent which is paid in advance; foregift. -- Rent arrear, rent in arrears; unpaid rent. Blackstone. -- Rent charge (Law), a rent reserved on a conveyance of land in fee simple, or granted out of lands by deed; -- so called because, by a covenant or clause in the deed of conveyance, the land is charged with a distress for the payment of it, Bouvier. -- Rent roll, a list or account of rents or income; a rental. -- Rent seck (Law), a rent reserved by deed, but without any clause of distress; barren rent. A power of distress was made incident to rent seck by Statue 4 George II. c. 28. -- Rent service (Eng. Law), rent reserved out of land held by fealty or other corporeal service; -- so called from such service being incident to it. -- White rent, a quitrent when paid in silver; -- opposed to black rent.

Rent

Rent, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rented; p. pr. & vb. n. Renting.] [F. renter. See Rent, n.]

1. To grant the possession and enjoyment of, for a rent; to lease; as, the owwner of an estate or house rents it.<-- = rent out; to let -->

2. To take and hold under an agreement to pay rent; as, the tennant rents an estate of the owner.

Rent

Rent, v. i. To be leased, or let for rent; as, an estate rents for five hundred dollars a year.

Rentable

Rent"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being rented, or suitable for renting.

Rentage

Rent"age (-?j), n. [Cf. OF. rentage.] Rent. [Obs.]

Rental

Rent"al (-al), n. [LL. rentale, fr. renta. See Rent income.]

1. A schedule, account, or list of rents, with the names of the tenants, etc.; a rent roll.

2. A sum total of rents; as, an estate that yields a rental of ten thousand dollars a year.

Rente

Rente (r?nt), n. [F. See Rent income.] In France, interest payable by government on indebtedness; the bonds, shares, stocks, etc.,, which represent government indebtedness.

Renter

Rent"er (r?nt"?r), n. One who rents or leases an estate; -- usually said of a lessee or tenant.

Renter

Ren"ter (r?n"t?r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rentered (-t?rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Rentering.] [F. rentraire; L. pref. re- re- + in into, in + trahere to draw.]

1. To sew together so that the seam is scarcely visible; to sew up with skill and nicety; to finedraw.

2. To restore the original design of, by working in new warp; -- said with reference to tapestry.

Renterer

Ren"ter*er (-?r), n. One who renters.

Rentier

Ren`tier" (r?n`ty?"), n. [F. See 5th Rent.] One who has a fixed income, as from lands, stocks, or the like.

Renumerate

Re*nu"mer*ate (r?-n?"m?r-?t), v. t. [L. renumeratus, p. p. of renumerare to count over, count up; pref. re- re- + numerare to count. See Numerate.] To recount.

Renunciation

Re*nun`ci*a"tion (r?-n?n`s?-?"sh?n ∨ -sh?-?"sh?n; 277), n. [Cf. F. renonciation, L. renuntiatio ann announcement. See Renounce.]

1. The act of renouncing.

2. (Law) Formal declination to take out letters of administration, or to assume an office, privilege, or right. Syn. -- Renouncement; disownment; disavowal; disavowment; disclaimer; rejection; abjuration; recantation; denial; abandonment; relinquishment.


Page 1219

Renunciatory

Re*nun"ci*a*to*ry (r?-n?n"sh?-?-t?-r?), a. [Cf. LL. renuntiatorius.] Pertaining to renunciation; containing or declaring a renunciation; as, renunciatory vows.

Renverse

Ren*verse" (r?n-vErs"), v. t. [F. renverser; L. pref. re- re- + in in, into + versare, v. intens. fr. vertere to turn.] To reverse. [Obs.]
Whose shield he bears renverst. Spenser.

Renverse rnvrs, ∨ Renvers\'82

Ren*verse" (r?n*v?rs"), ∨ Ren`ver`s\'82" (r?n`v?r`s?"), a. [F. renvers\'82, p. p. ] (Her.) Reversed; set with the head downward; turned contrary to the natural position.

Renversement

Ren*verse"ment (-ment), n. [F.] A reversing. [Obs.]

Renvoy

Ren*voy" (-voi"), v. t. [F. renvoyer.] To send back. [Obs.] "Not dismissing or renvoying her." Bacon.

Renvoy

Ren*voy", n. [F. renvoi.] A sending back. [Obs.]

Reobtain

Re`ob*tain" (r?`?b-t?n"), v. t. To obtain again.

Reobtainable

Re`ob*tain"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. That may be reobtained.

Reoccupy

Re*oc"cu*py (r?-?k"k?-p?), v. t. To occupy again.

Reometer

Re*om"e*ter (r?-?m"?-t$r), n. Same as Rheometer.

Reopen

Re*o"pen (r?-?"p'n), v. t. & i. To open again.

Reoppose

Re`op*pose" (r?`?p-p?z"), v. t. To oppose again.

Reordain

Re`or*dain" (r?`?r-d?n"), v. t. [Pref. re- re- + ordain: cf. F. r\'82ordonner.] To ordain again, as when the first ordination is considered defective. Bp. Burnet.

Reorder

Re*or"der (r?-?r"d?r), v. t. To order a second time.

Reordination

Re*or`di*na"tion, n. A second ordination.

Reorganization

Re*or`gan*i*za"tion (-gan-?-z?"sh?n), n. The act of reorganizing; a reorganized existence; as, reorganization of the troops.

Reorganize

Re*or"gan*ize (r?-?r"gan-?z), v. t. & i. To organize again or anew; as, to reorganize a society or an army.

Reorient

Re*o"ri*ent (r?-?"r?-ent), a. Rising again. [R.]
The life reorient out of dust. Tennyson.

Reostat

Re"o*stat (r?"?-st?t), n. (Physics) See Rheostat.

Reotrope

Re"o*trope (-tr?p), n. (Physics) See Rheotrope.

Rep

Rep (r?p), n. [Prob. a corruption of rib: cf. F. reps.] A fabric made of silk or wool, or of silk and wool, and having a transversely corded or ribbed surface.

Rep

Rep, a. Formed with a surface closely corded, or ribbed transversely; -- applied to textile fabrics of silk or wool; as, rep silk.

Repace

Re*pace" (r?-p?s"), v. t. To pace again; to walk over again in a contrary direction.

Repacify

Re*pac"i*fy (r?-p?s"?-f?), v. t. To pacify again.

Repack

Re*pack" (r?-p?k"), v. t. To pack a second time or anew; as, to repack beef; to repack a trunk.

Repacker

Re*pack"er (-?r), n. One who repacks.

Repaganize

Re*pa"gan*ize (r?-p?"gan-?z), v. t. To paganize anew; to bring back to paganism.

Repaid

Re*paid" (r?-p?d"), imp. & p. p. of Repay.

Repaint

Re*paint" (r?-p?nt"), v. t. To paint anew or again; as, to repaint a house; to repaint the ground of a picture.

Repair

Re*pair" (r?-p?r"), v. i. [OE. repairen, OF. repairier to return, fr. L. repatriare to return to one's contry, to go home again; pref. re- re- + patria native country, fr. pater father. See Father, and cf. Repatriate.]

1. To return. [Obs.]

I thought . . . that he repaire should again. Chaucer.

2. To go; to betake one's self; to resort; ass, to repair to sanctuary for safety. Chaucer.

Go, mount the winds, and to the shades repair. Pope.

Repair

Re*pair", n. [OF. repaire retreat, asylum, abode. See Repair to go.]

1. The act of repairing or resorting to a place. [R.] Chaucer.

The king sent a proclamation for their repair to their houses. Clarendon.

2. Place to which one repairs; a haunt; a resort. [R.]

There the fierce winds his tender force assail And beat him downward to his first repair. Dryden.

Repair

Re*pair", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repaired (-p?rd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Repairing.] [F. r\'82parer, L. reparare; pref. re- re- + parare to prepare. See Pare, and cf. Reparation.]

1. To restore to a sound or good state after decay, injury, dilapidation, or partial destruction; to renew; to restore; to mend; as, to repair a house, a road, a shoe, or a ship; to repair a shattered fortune.

Secret refreshings that repair his strength. Milton.
Do thou, as thou art wont, repair My heart with gladness. Wordsworth.

2. To make amends for, as for an injury, by an equivalent; to indemnify for; as, to repair a loss or damage.

I 'll repair the misery thou dost bear. Shak.
Syn. -- To restore, recover; renew; amend; mend; retrieve; recruit.

Repair

Re*pair", n.

1. Restoration to a sound or good state after decay, waste, injury, or partial restruction; supply of loss; reparation; as, materials are collected for the repair of a church or of a city.

Sunk down and sought repair Of sleep, which instantly fell on me. Milton.

2. Condition with respect to soundness, perfectness, etc.; as, a house in good, or bad, repair; the book is out of repair.

Repairable

Re*pair"a*ble (-?*b'l), a. Reparable. Gauden.

Repairer

Re*pair"er (-?r), n. One who, or that which, repairs, restores, or makes amends.

Repairment

Re*pair"ment, n. Act of repairing.

Repand

Re*pand" (r?*p?nd), a. [L. repandus bent backward, turned up; pref. re- re- + pandus bent, crooked.] (Bot. & Zool.) Having a slightly undulating margin; -- said of leaves.

Reparability

Rep`a*ra*bil"i*ty (r?p`?-r?-b?l"?-t?), n. The quality or state of being reparable.

Reparable

Rep"a*ra*ble (r?p"?-r?-b'l), a [L. reparabilis: cf. F. r\'82parable.] Capable of being repaired, restored to a sound or good state, or made good; restorable; as, a reparable injury.

Reparably

Rep"a*ra*bly, adv. In a reparable manner.

Reparation

Rep`a*ra"tion (-r?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82paration, L. reparatio. See Repair to mend.]

1. The act of renewing, restoring, etc., or the state of being renewed or repaired; as, the reparation of a bridge or of a highway; -- in this sense, repair is oftener used. Arbuthnot.

2. The act of making amends or giving satisfaction or compensation for a wrong, injury, etc.; also, the thing done or given; amends; satisfaction; indemnity. <-- usu. in the phrase make reparation ∨ reparations. -->

I am sensible of the scandal I have given by my loose writings, and make what reparation I am able. Dryden.
Syn. -- Restoration; repair; restitution; compensation; amends; satisfaction.

Reparative

Re*par"a*tive (r?-p?r"?-t?v), a. Repairing, or tending to repair. Jer. Taylor.

Reparative

Re*par"a*tive, n. That which repairs. Sir H. Wotton.

Reparel

Re*par"el (-?l), n. [Cf. Reapparel.] A change of apparel; a second or different suit. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.

Repartee

Rep`ar*tee" (r?p`3r-t?"), n. [F. repartie, fr. repartir to reply, depart again; pref. re- re- partir to part, depart. See Part.] A smart, ready, and witty reply.
Cupid was as bad as he; Hear but the youngster's repartee. Prior.
Syn. -- Retort; reply. See Retort.

Repartee

Rep`ar*tee", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Reparteed (-t?d"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reparteeing.] To make smart and witty replies. [R.] Prior.

Repartimiento

Re`par*ti`mi*en"to (r?`p?r-t?`m?-?n"t?), n. [Sp., fr. repartir to divide.] A partition or distribution, especially of slaves; also, an assessment of taxes. W. Irving.

Repartotion

Re`par*to"tion (r?-p?r-t?sh"?n), n. Another, or an additional, separation into parts.

Repass

Re*pass" (r?-p?s"), v. t. [Pref. re- + pass: cf. F. repasser. Cf. Repace.] To pass again; to pass or travel over in the opposite direction; to pass a second time; as, to repass a bridge or a river; to repass the sea.

Repass

Re*pass", v. i. To pass or go back; to move back; as, troops passing and repassing before our eyes.

Repassage

Re*pas"sage (r?-p?s"s?j;48), n. The act of repassing; passage back. Hakluyt.

Repassant

Re*pas"sant (r?-p?s"sant), a. [Cf. F. repassant, p. pr.] (Her.) Counterpassant.

Repast

Re*past" (r?-p?st"), n. [OF. repast, F. repas, LL. repastus, fr. L. repascere to feed again; pref. re- re- + pascere, pastum, to pasture, feed. See Pasture.]

1. The act of taking food.

From dance to sweet repast they turn. Milton.

2. That which is taken as food; a meal; figuratively, any refreshment. "Sleep . . . thy best repast." Denham.

Go and get me some repast. Shak.

Repast

Re*past", v. t. & i. To supply food to; to feast; to take food. [Obs.] "Repast them with my blood." Shak.
He then, also, as before, left arbitrary the dieting and repasting of our minds. Milton.

Repaster

Re*past"er (-?r), n. One who takes a repast. [Obs.]

Repasture

Re*pas"ture (-p?s"t?r;135), n. [See Repast.] Food; entertainment. [Obs.]
Food for his rage, repasture for his den. Shak.

Repatriate

Re*pa"tri*ate (r?-p?"tr?-?t), v. t. [L. repatriare. See 1st Repair.] To restore to one's own country.

Repatriation

Re*pa`tri*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. [Cf. LL. repatriatio return to one's country.] Restoration to one's country.

Repay

Re*pay" (r?-p?"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repaid (-p?d"); p. pr. & vb. n. Repaying.] [Pref. re- + pay: cf. F. repayer.]

1. To pay back; to refund; as, to repay money borrowed or advanced.

If you repay me not on such a day, In such a place, such sum or sums. Shak.

2. To make return or requital for; to recompense; -- in a good or bad sense; as, to repay kindness; to repay an injury.

Benefits which can not be repaid . . . are not commonly found to increase affection. Rambler.

3. To pay anew, or a second time, as a debt. Syn. -- To refund; restore; return; recompense; compensate; remunerate; satisfy; reimburse; requite.

Repayable

Re*pay"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being, or proper to be , repaid; due; as, a loan repayable in ten days; services repayable in kind.

Repayment

Re*pay"ment (-ment), n.

1. The act of repaying; reimbursement. Jer. Taylor.

2. The money or other thing repaid.

Repeal

Re*peal" (r?-p?l"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repealed (-p?ld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Repealing.] [OF. repeler to call back, F. rappeler; pref. re- re- + OF. apeler, F. appeler, to call, L. appellare. See Appeal, and. cf. Repel.]

1. To recall; to summon again, as persons. [Obs.]

The banished Bolingbroke repeals himself, And with uplifted arms is safe arrived. Shak.

2. To recall, as a deed, will, law, or statute; to revoke; to rescind or abrogate by authority, as by act of the legislature; as, to repeal a law.

3. To suppress; to repel. [Obs.]

Whence Adam soon repealed The doubts that in his heart arose. Milton.
Syn. -- To abolish; revoke; rescind; recall; annul; abrogate; cancel; reverse. See Abolish.

Repeal

Re*peal", n.

1. Recall, as from exile. [Obs.]

The tribunes are no soldiers; and their people Will be as rash in the repeal, as hassty To expel him thence. Shak.

2. Revocation; abrogation; as, the repeal of a statute; the repeal of a law or a usage.

Repealability

Re*peal`a*bil"i*ty (-?-b?l"?-t?), n. The quality or state of being repealable.

Repealable

Re*peal"a*ble (r?-p?l"?-b'l), a. Capable of being repealed. -- Re*peal"a*ble*ness, n. Syn. -- Revocable; abrogable; voidable; reversible.

Repealer

Re*peal"er (-?r), n. One who repeals; one who seeks a repeal; specifically, an advocate for the repeal of the Articles of Union between Great Britain and Ireland.

Repealment

Re*peal"ment (-ment), n. Recall, as from banishment. [Obs.]

Repeat

Re*peat" (-p?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repeated; p. pr. & vb. n. Repeating.] [F. r\'82p\'82ter, L. repetere; pref. re- re- + petere to fall upon, attack. See Petition.]

1. To go over again; to attempt, do, make, or utter again; to iterate; to recite; as, to repeat an effort, an order, or a poem. "I will repeat our former communication." Robynson (More's Utopia).

Not well conceived of God; who, though his power Creation could repeat, yet would be loth Us to abolish. Milton.

2. To make trial of again; to undergo or encounter again. [Obs.] Waller.

3. (Scots Law) To repay or refund (an excess received). To repeat one's self, to do or say what one has already done or said. -- To repeat signals, to make the same signals again; specifically, to communicate, by repeating them, the signals shown at headquarters. Syn. -- To reiterate; iterate; renew; recite; relate; rehearse; recapitulate. See Reiterate.

Repeat

Re*peat" (r?-p?t"), n.

1. The act of repeating; repetition.

2. That which is repeated; as, the repeat of a pattern; that is, the repetition of the engraved figure on a roller by which an impression is produced (as in calico printing, etc.).

3. (Mus.) A mark, or series of dots, placed before and after, or often only at the end of, a passage to be repeated in performance.

Repeatedly

Re*peat"ed*ly, adv. More than once; again and again; indefinitely.

Repeater

Re*peat"er (-?r), n. One who, or that which, repeats. Specifically: (a) A watch with a striking apparatus which, upon pressure of a spring, will indicate the time, usually in hours and quarters. (b) A repeating firearm. (c) (Teleg.) An instrument for resending a telegraphic message automatically at an intermediate point.<-- or a telephone signal --> (d) A person who votes more than once at an election. [U.S.] (e) See Circulating decimal, under Decimal. (f) (Naut.) A pennant used to indicate that a certain flag in a hoist of signal is duplicated. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Repeating

Re*peat"ing, a. Doing the same thing over again; accomplishing a given result many times in succession; as, a repeating firearm; a repeating watch. Repeating circle. See the Note under Circle, n., 3. -- Repeating decimal (Arith.), a circulating decimal. See under Decimal. -- Repeating firearm, a firearm that may be discharged many times in quick succession; especially: (a) A form of firearm so constructed that by the action of the mechanism the charges are successively introduced from a chamber containing them into the breech of the barrel, and fired. (b) A form in which the charges are held in, and discharged from, a revolving chamber at the breech of the barrel. See Revolver, and Magazine gun, under Magazine.<-- also called automatic weapon --> -- Repeating instruments (Astron. & Surv.), instruments for observing angles, as a circle, theodolite, etc., so constructed that the angle may be measured several times in succession, and different, but successive and contiguous, portions of the graduated limb, before reading off the aggregate result, which aggregate, divided by the number of measurements, gives the angle, freed in a measure from errors of eccentricity and graduation. -- Repeating watch. See Repeater (a)

Repedation

Rep"e*da"tion (r?p`?-da"sh?n), n. [L. repedare to step back; pref. re- re- + pes, pedis, foot.] A stepping or going back. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Repel

Re**pel" (r?-p?l"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repelled (-p?ld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Repelling.] [L. repellere, repulsum; pref. re- re- + pellere to drive. See Pulse a beating, and cf. Repulse, Repeal.]

1. To drive back; to force to return; to check the advance of; to repulse as, to repel an enemy or an assailant.

Hippomedon repelled the hostile tide. Pope.
They repelled each other strongly, and yet attracted each other strongly. Macaulay.

2. To resist or oppose effectually; as, to repel an assault, an encroachment, or an argument.

[He] gently repelled their entreaties. Hawthorne.
Syn. -- Tu repulse; resist; oppose; reject; refuse.

Repel

Re*pel", v. i. To act with force in opposition to force impressed; to exercise repulsion.

Repellence -lens, Repellency

Re*pel"lence (-lens), Re*pel"len*cy (-len-s?), n. The principle of repulsion; the quality or capacity of repelling; repulsion.

Repellent

Re*pel"lent (-lent), a. [L. repellens, -entis, p. pr. ] Driving back; able or tending to repel.

Repellent

Re*pel"lent, n.

1. That which repels.

2. (Med.) A remedy to repel from a tumefied part the fluids which render it tumid. Dunglison.

3. A kind of waterproof cloth. Knight.

Repeller

Re*pel"ler (-l?r), n. One who, or that which, repels.

Repent

Re"pent (r?"p?nt), a. [L. repens, -entis, creeping, p. pr. of repere to creep.]

1. (Bot.) Prostrate and rooting; -- said of stems. Gray.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Reptant.

Repent

Re*pent" (r?-p?nt"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Repented; p. pr. & vb. n. Repenting.] [F. se repentir; L. pref. re- re- + poenitere to make repent, poenitet me it repents me, I repent. See Penitent.]

1. To feel pain, sorrow, or regret, for what one has done or omitted to do.

First she relents With pity; of that pity then repents. Dryden.

2. To change the mind, or the course of conduct, on account of regret or dissatisfaction.

Lest, peradventure, the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt. Ex. xiii. 17.

3. (Theol.) To be sorry for sin as morally evil, and to seek forgiveness; to cease to love and practice sin.

Except ye repent, ye shall likewise perish. Luke xii. 3.

Repent

Re*pent", v. t.

1. To feel pain on account of; to remember with sorrow.

I do repent it from my very soul. Shak.

Page 1220

2. To feel regret or sorrow; -- used reflexively.

My father has repented him ere now. Dryden.

3. To cause to have sorrow or regret; -- used impersonally. [Archaic] "And it repented the Lord that he had made man on the earth." Gen. vi. 6.

Repentance

Re*pent"ance (r?-p?nt"ans), n. [F. repentance.] The act of repenting, or the state of being penitent; sorrow for what one has done or omitted to do; especially, contrition for sin. Chaucer.
Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation. 2. Cor. vii. 20.
Repentance is a change of mind, or a conversion from sin to God. Hammond.
Repentance is the relinquishment of any practice from the conviction that it has offended God. Sorrow, fear, and anxiety are properly not parts, but adjuncts, of repentance; yet they are too closely connected with it to be easily separated. Rambler.
Syn. -- Contrition; regret; penitence; contriteness; compunction. See Contrition.

Repentant

Re*pent"ant (-ant), a. [F. repentant.]

1. Penitent; sorry for sin. Chaucer.

Thus they, in lowliest plight, repentant stood. Millton.

2. Expressing or showing sorrow for sin; as, repentant tears; repentant ashes. "Repentant sighs and voluntary pains." Pope.

Repentant

Re*pent"ant, n. One who repents, especially one who repents of sin; a penitent.

Repentantly

Re*pent"ant*ly, adv. In a repentant manner.

Repenter

Re*pent"er (-?r), n. One who repents.

Repentingly

Re*pent"ing*ly, adv. With repentance; penitently.

Repentless

Re*pent"less, a. Unrepentant. [R.]

Repeople

Re*peo"ple (r?-p?"p'l), v. t. [Pref. re- + people: cf. F. repeupler.] To people anew.

Reperception

Re`per*cep"tion (r?`p?r-s?p"sh?n), n. The act of perceiving again; a repeated perception of the same object.
No external praise can give me such a glow as my own solitary reperception and ratification of what is fine. Keats.

Repercuss

Re`per*cuss" (-k?s"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repercussed (-k?st");p. pr. & vb. n. Repercussing.] [L. repercusus, p. p. of repercutere to drive back; pref. re- re- + percutere. See Percussion.] To drive or beat back; hence, to reflect; to reverberate.
Perceiving all the subjacent country, . . . to repercuss such a light as I could hardly look against. Evelyn.

Repercussion

Re`per*cus"sion (-k?sh"?n), n. [L. repercussio: cf. F. r\'82percussion.]

1. The act of driving back, or the state of being driven back; reflection; reverberation; as, the repercussion of sound.

Ever echoing back in endless repercussion. Hare.

2. (Mus.) Rapid reiteration of the same sound.

3. (Med.) The subsidence of a tumor or eruption by the action of a repellent. Dunglison.

4. (Obstetrics) In a vaginal examination, the act of imparting through the uterine wall with the finger a shock to the fetus, so that it bounds upward, and falls back again against the examining finger.

Repercussive

Re`per*cuss"ive (-k?s"?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82percussif.]

1. Tending or able to repercuss; having the power of sending back; causing to reverberate.

Ye repercussive rocks! repeat the sound. W. Pattison.

2. Repellent. [Obs.] "Blood is stanched by astringent and repecussive medicines." Bacon.

3. Driven back; rebounding; reverberated. "Rages loud the repercussive roar." Thomson.

Repercussive

Re`per*cuss"ive, n. A repellent. [Obs.] Bacon.

Repertitious

Rep`er*ti"tious (r?p`?r-t?sh"?s), a. [L. reperticius. See Repertory.] Found; gained by finding. [Obs.]

R R (F. r?`p?r`tw?r"; E. r?p"?r-tw?r), n. [F. See Repertory.] A list of drams, operas, pieces, parts, etc., which a company or a person has rehearsed and is prepared to perform.

Repertory

Rep"er*to*ry (r?p"?r-t?-r?), n. [L. repertorium, fr. reperire to find again; pref. re- re + parire, parere, to bring forth, procure: cf. F. r\'82pertoire. Cf. Parent.]

1. A place in which things are disposed in an orderly manner, so that they can be easily found, as the index of a book, a commonplace book, or the like.

2. A treasury; a magazine; a storehouse.

3. Same as R\'82pertoire.

Reperusal

Re`pe*rus"al (r?`p?-r?z"al), n. A second or repeated perusal.

Reperuse

Re`pe*ruse" (-r?z"), v. t. To peruse again. Ld. Lytton.

Repetend

Rep`e*tend (r?p`?-t?nd"), n. [L. repetendus to be repeated, fr. repetere to repeat.] (Math.) That part of a circulating decimal which recurs continually, ad infinitum: -- sometimes indicated by a dot over the first and last repetend
is 283.

Repetition

Rep`e*ti"tion (r?p`?-t?sh"?n), n. [L. repetitio: cf. F. r\'82p\'82tition. See Repeat.]

1. The act of repeating; a doing or saying again; iteration.

I need not be barren of accusations; he hath faults, with surplus to tire in repetition. Shak.

2. Recital from memory; rehearsal.

3. (Mus.) The act of repeating, singing,

4. (Rhet.) Reiteration, or repeating the same word, or the same sense in different words, for the purpose of making a deeper impression on the audience.

5. (Astron. & Surv.) The measurement of an angle by successive observations with a repeating instrument. Syn. -- Iteration; rehearsal. See Tautology.

Repetitional -al. Repetitionary

Rep`e*ti"tion*al (-al). Rep`e*ti"tion*a*ry (-?-r?), a. Of the nature of, or containing, repetition. [R.]

Repetitioner

Rep`e*ti"tion*er (-?r), n. One who repeats. [Obs.]

Repetitious

Rep`e*ti"tious (-t?sh"?s), a. Repeating; containing repetition. [U.S.] Dr. T. Dwight.

Repetitive

Re*pet"i*tive (r?-p?t"?-t?v), a. Containing repetition; repeating. [R.]

Repetitor

Rep"e*ti`tor (r?p"?-t?`t?r), n. [Cf. L. repetitor a reclaimer.] (Ger.Univ.) A private instructor.

Repine

Re*pine" (r?-p?n"), v. i. [Pref. re- + pine to languish.]

1. To fail; to wane. [Obs.] "Reppening courage yields no foot to foe." Spenser.

2. To continue pining; to feel inward discontent which preys on the spirits; to indulge in envy or complaint; to murmur.

But Lachesis thereat gan to repine. Spenser.
What if the head, the eye, or ear repined To serve mere engines to the ruling mind? Pope.

Repine

Re*pine", n. Vexation; mortification. [Obs.] Shak.

Repiner

Re*pin"er (r?-p?n"?r), n. One who repines.

Repiningly

Re*pin"ing*ly, adv. With repening or murmuring.

Repkie

Rep"kie (r?p"k?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any edible sea urchin. [Alaska]

Replace

Re*place" (r?-pl?s"), v. t. [Pref. re- + place: cf. F. replacer.]

1. To place again; to restore to a former place, position, condition, or the like.

The earl . . . was replaced in his government. Bacon.

2. To refund; to repay; to restore; as, to replace a sum of money borrowed.

3. To supply or substitute an equivalent for; as, to replace a lost document.

With Israel, religion replaced morality. M. Arnold.

4. To take the place of; to supply the want of; to fulfull the end or office of.

This duty of right intention does not replace or supersede the duty of consideration. Whewell.

5. To put in a new or different place. &hand; The propriety of the use of replace instead of displace, supersede, take the place of, as in the third and fourth definitions, is often disputed on account of etymological discrepancy; but the use has been sanctioned by the practice of careful writers. Replaced crystal (Crystallog.), a crystal having one or more planes in the place of its edges or angles.

Replaceability

Re*place`a*bil"i*ty (-?-b?l"?-t?), n. The quality, state, or degree of being replaceable.

Replaceable

Re*place"a*ble (r?-pl?s"?-b'l), a.

1. Capable or admitting of being put back into a place.

2. Admitting of having its place supplied by a like thing or an equivalent; as, the lost book is replaceable.

3. (Chem.) Capable of being replaced (by), or of being exchanged (for); as, the hydrogen of acids is replaceable by metals or by basic radicals.

Replacement

Re*place"ment (-ment), n.

1. The act of replacing.

2. (Crystallog.) The removal of an edge or an angle by one or more planes.

Replait

Re*plait" (r?-pl?t"), v. t. To plait or fold again; to fold, as one part over another, again and again.

Replant

Re*plant" (rE-pl?nt"), v. t. To plant again.

Replantable

Re*plant"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. That may be planted again.

Replantation

Re`plan*ta"tion (r?`pl?n-t?"sh?n), n. The act of planting again; a replanting. [R.] Hallywell.

Replead

Re*plead" (r?-pl?d"), v. t. & i. To plead again.

Repleader

Re*plead"er (-?r), n. (Law) A second pleading, or course of pleadings; also, the right of pleading again.
Whenever a repleader is granted, the pleadings must begin de novo. Blackstone.

Replenish

Re*plen"ish (r?-pl?n"?sh), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Replenished (-?sht); p. pr. & vb. n. Replenishing.] [OE. replenissen, OF. replenir; L. pref. re- re- + plenus full. See Full, -ish, and cf. Replete.]

1. To fill again after having been diminished or emptied; to stock anew; hence, to fill completely; to cause to abound.

Multiply and replenish the earth. Gen. i. 28.
The waters thus With fish replenished, and the air with fowl. Milton.

2. To finish; to complete; to perfect. [Obs.]

We smothered The most replenished sweet work of nature. Shak.

Replenish

Re*plen"ish, v. i. To recover former fullness. [Obs.]
The humors will not replenish so soon. Bacon.

Replenisher

Re*plen"ish*er (-?r), n. One who replenishes.

Replenishment

Re*plen"ish*ment (-ment), n.

1. The act of replenishing, or the state of being replenished.

2. That which replenishes; supply. Cowper.

Replete

Re*plete" (r?-pl?t"), a. [L. repletus, p. p. of replere to fill again, fill up; pref. re- re- + plere to fill, akin to plenus full: cf. F. replet corpulent. See Plenty, Replenish.] Filled again; completely filled; full; charged; abounding. "His words replete with guile." Milton.
When he of wine was replet at his feast. Chaucer.
In heads repiete with thoughts of other men. Cowper.

Replete

Re*plete", v. t. To fill completely, or to satiety. [R.]

Repleteness

Re*plete"ness, n. The state of being replete.

Repletion

Re*ple"tion (r?-pl?"sh?n), n. [L. repletio a filling up: cf. F. r\'82pl\'82tion. See Replete.]

1. The state of being replete; superabundant fullness.

The tree had too much repletion, and was oppressed with its own sap. Bacon.
Replecioun [overeating] ne made her never sick. Chaucer.

2. (Med.) Fullness of blood; plethora.

Repletive

Re*ple"tive (-t?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82pl\'82tif.] Tending to make replete; filling. -- Re*ple"tive*ly, adv.

Repletory

Re*ple"to*ry (-t?-r?), a. Repletive. [R.]

Repleviable

Re*plev"i*a*ble (r?-pl?v"?-?-b'l), a. [See Replevy.] (Law) Capable of being replevied.

Replevin

Re*plev"in (-?n), n. [LL. replevina. See Replevy, and cf. Plevin.]

1. (Law) A personal action which lies to recover possession of goods and chattle wrongfully taken or detained. Originally, it was a remedy peculiar to cases for wrongful distress, but it may generally now be brought in all cases of wrongful taking or detention. Bouvier.

2. The writ by which goods and chattles are replevied.

Replevin

Re*plev"in, v. t. (Law) To replevy.

Replevisable

Re*plev"i*sa*ble (-?-s?-b'l), a. [OF. replevisable.] Repleviable. Sir M. Hale.

Replevy

Re*plev"y (-?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Replevied (-?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Replevying.] [OF. replevir, LL. replevire. See Pledge, Replevin.]

1. (Law) To take or get back, by a writ for that purpose (goods and chattels wrongfuly taken or detained), upon giving security to try the right to them in a suit at law, and, if that should be determined against the plaintiff, to return the property replevied.

2. (Old Eng.LAw) To bail. Spenser.

Replevy

Re*plev"y (r?-pl?v"?), n. Replevin. Mozley & W.

Replica

Rep"li*ca (r?p"l?-k?), n. [It. See Reply, v. & n.]

1. (Fine Arts) A copy of a work of art, as of a picture or satue, made by the maker of the original.

2. (Mus.) Repetition.

Replicant

Rep"li*cant (r?p"l?-kant), n. One who replies.

Replicate

Rep"li*cate (-?-k?t), v. t. To reply. [Obs.]

Replicate l-kt, Replicated

Rep"li*cate (l?-k?t), Rep"li*ca`ted (-k?`t?d), a. [L. replicatus, p. p. of replicare. See Reply.] Folded over or backward; folded back upon itself; as, a replicate leaf or petal; a replicate margin of a shell.

Replication

Rep`li*ca"tion (-k?"sh?n), n. [L. replicatio. See Reply.]

1. An answer; a reply. Shak.

Withouten any repplicacioun. Chaucer.

2. (Law Pleadings) The reply of the plaintiff, in matters of fact, to the defendant's plea.

3. Return or repercussion, as of sound; echo.

To hear the replication of your sounds. Shak.

4. A repetition; a copy. <-- 5. (Biochem.) The copying by enzymes of a cell's genome, i.e. the DNA or RNA comprising its genetic material, to form an identical genome. This is an essential step in the division of one cell into two. This differs from tanscription, which is the copying of only part of the genetic information of a cell's genome into RNA, as in in the processes of biosynthesis of messenger RNA or ribosomal RNA. --> Farrar. Syn. -- Answer; response; reply; rejoinder.

Replier

Re*pli"er (r?-pl?"?r), n. One who replies. Bacon.

Replum

Re"plum (r?"pl?m), n. [L., doorcase.] (Bot.) The framework of some pods, as the cress, which remains after the valves drop off. Gray.

Reply

Re*ply" (r?-pl?"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Replied (-pl?d"); p. pr. & vb. n. Replying.] [OE. replien, OF. replier, F. r\'82pliquer, fr. L. replicare to fold back, make a reply; pref. re- re- + plicare to fold. See Ply, and cf. Replica.]

1. To make a return in words or writing; to respond; to answer.

O man, who art thou that repliest against God? Rom. ix. 20.

2. (Law) To answer a defendant's plea.

3. Figuratively, to do something in return for something done; as, to reply to a signal; to reply to the fire of a battery. Syn. -- To answer; respond; rejoin.

Reply

Re*ply", v. t. To return for an answer. Milton.
Lords, vouchsafe To give me hearing what I shall reply. Shak.

Reply

Re*ply", n.; pl. Replies (-pl. [See Reply, v. i., and cf. Replica.] That which is said, written, or done in answer to what is said, written, or done by another; an answer; a response. Syn. -- Answer; rejoinder; response. -- Reply, Rejoinder, Answer. A reply is a distinct response to a formal question or attack in speech or writing. A rejoinder is a second reply (a reply to a reply) in a protracted discussion or controversy. The word answer is used in two senses, namely (1), in the most general sense of a mere response; as, the answer to a question; or (2), in the sense of a decisive and satisfactory confutation of an adversary's argument, as when we speak of a triumphant answer to the speech or accusations of an opponent. Here the noun corresponds to a frequent use of the verb, as when we say. "This will answer (i.e., fully meet) the end in view;" "It answers the purpose."

Replyer

Re*ply"er (-?r), n. See Replier. Bacon.

Repolish

Re*pol"ish (r?-p?l"?sh), v. t. To polish again.

Repone

Re*pone" (r?-p?n"), v. t. [L. reponere; pref. re- re- + ponere to place.] To replace. R. Baillie.

Repopulation

Re*pop`u*la"tion (r?*p?p`?*l?"sh?n), n. The act of repeopling; act of furnishing with a population anew.

Report

Re*port" (r?-p?rt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reported; p. pr. & vb. n. Reporting.] [F. reporter to carry back, carry (cf. rapporter; see Rapport), L. reportare to bear or bring back; pref. re- re- + portare to bear or bring. See Port bearing, demeanor.]

1. To refer. [Obs.]

Baldwin, his son, . . . succeeded his father; so like unto him that we report the reader to the character of King Almeric, and will spare the repeating his description. Fuller.

2. To bring back, as an answer; to announce in return; to relate, as what has been discovered by a person sent to examine, explore, or investigate; as, a messenger reports to his employer what he has seen or ascertained; the committee reported progress.

There is no man that may reporten all. Chaucer.

3. To give an account of; to relate; to tell; to circulate publicly, as a story; as, in the common phrase, it is reported. Shak.

It is reported among the heathen, and Gashmu saith it, that thou and the Jews think to rebel. Neh. vi. 6.

4. To give an official account or statement of; as, a treasurer reperts the recepts and expenditures.

5. To return or repeat, as sound; to echo. [Obs. or R.] "A church with windowss only form above, that reporteth the voice thirteen times." Bacon.

6. (Parliamentary Practice) To return or present as the result of an examination or consideration of any matter officially referred; as, the committee reported the bill witth amendments, or reported a new bill, or reported the results of an inquiry.

7. To make minutes of, as a speech, or the doings of a public body; to write down from the lips of a speaker.

8. To write an account of for publication, as in a newspaper; as, to report a public celebration or a horse race.

9. To make a statement of the conduct of, especially in an unfavorable sense; as, to report a servant to his employer. To be reported, ∨ To be reported of, to be spoken of; to be mentioned, whether favorably or unfavorably. Acts xvi. 2. -- To report one's self, to betake one's self, as to a superior or one to whom service is due, and be in readiness to receive orders or do service. Syn. -- To relate; narrate; tell; recite; describe.

Report

Re*port" (r?-p?rt"), v. i.

1. To make a report, or response, in respect of a matter inquired of, a duty enjoined, or information expected; as, the committee will report at twelve o'clock.

2. To furnish in writing an account of a speech, the proceedings at a meeting, the particulars of an occurrence, etc., for publication.


Page 1221

3. To present one's self, as to a superior officer, or to one to whom service is due, and to be in readiness for orders or to do service; also, to give information, as of one's address, condition, etc.; as, the officer reported to the general for duty; to report weekly by letter.

Report

Re*port" (r?-p?rt"), n. [Cf. F. rapport. See Report.v. t.]

1. That which is reported. Specifically: (a) An account or statement of the results of examination or inquiry made by request or direction; relation. "From Thetis sent as spies to make report." Waller. (b) A story or statement circulating by common talk; a rumor; hence, fame; repute; reputation.

It was a true report that I heard in mine own land of thy acts and of thy wisdom. 1 Kings x. 6.
Cornelius the centurion, a just man, and . . . of good report among all the nation of the Jews. Acts x. 22.
(c) Sound; noise; as, the report of a pistol or cannon. (d) An official statement of facts, verbal or written; especially, a statement in writing of proceedings and facts exhibited by an officer to his superiors; as, the reports of the heads af departments to Congress, of a master in chancery to the court, of committees to a legislative body, and the like. (e) An account or statement of a judicial opinion or decision, or of case argued and determined in a court of law, chancery, etc.; also, in the plural, the volumes containing such reports; as, Coke's Reports. (f) A sketch, or a fully written account, of a speech, debate, or the proceedings of a public meeting, legislative body, etc.

2. Rapport; relation; connection; reference. [Obs.]

The corridors worse, having no report to the wings they join to. Evelyn.
Syn. -- Account; relation; narration; detail; description; recital; narrative; story; rumor; hearsay.

Reportable

Re*port"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable or admitting of being reported.

Reportage

Re*port"age (-?j), n. SAme as Report. [Obs.]

Reporter

Re*port"er (-?r), n. One who reports. Specifically: (a) An officer or person who makees authorized statements of law proceedings and decisions, or of legislative debates. (b) One who reports speeches, the proceedings of public meetings, news, etc., for the newspapers.
Of our tales judge and reportour. Chaucer.

Reportingly

Re*port"ing*ly, adv. By report or common fame.

Reportorial

Re`por*to"ri*al (r?`p?r-t?"r?-al), a. Of or pertaining to a reporter or reporters; as, the reportorial staff of a newspaper.

Reposal

Re*pos"al (r?-p?z"al), n. [From Repose.]

1. The act or state of reposing; as, the reposal of a trust. Shak.

2. That on which one reposes. [Obs.] Burton.

Reposance

Re*pos"ance (-ans), n. Reliance. [Obs.] John Hall.

Repose

Re*pose" (r?-p?z") v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reposed (-p?zd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reposing.] [F. reposer; L. pref. re- re- + pausare to pause. See Pause, Pose, v.]

1. To cause to stop or to rest after motion; hence, to deposit; to lay down; to lodge; to reposit. [Obs.]

But these thy fortunes let us straight repose In this divine cave's bosom. Chapman.
Pebbles reposed in those cliffs amongst the earth . . . are left behind. Woodward.

2. To lay at rest; to cause to be calm or quiet; to compose; to rest, -- often reflexive; as, to repose one's self on a couch.

All being settled and reposed, the lord archibishop did present his majesty to the lords and commons. Fuller.
After the toil of battle to repose Your wearied virtue. Milton.

3. To place, have, or rest; to set; to intrust.

The king reposeth all his confidence in thee. Shak.

Repose

Re*pose", v. i.

1. To lie at rest; to rest.

Within a thicket I reposed. Chapman.

2. Figuratively, to remain or abide restfully without anxiety or alarms.

It is upon these that the soul may repose. I. Taylor.

3. To lie; to be supported; as, trap reposing on sand. Syn. -- To lie; recline; couch; rest; sleep; settle; lodge; abide.

Repose

Re*pose", n. [F. repos. See Repose, v.]

1. A lying at rest; sleep; rest; quiet.

Shake off the golden slumber of repose. Shak.

2. Rest of mind; tranquillity; freedom from uneasiness; also, a composed manner or deportment.

3. (Poetic) A rest; a pause.

4. (Fine Arts) That harmony or moderation which affords rest for the eue; -- opposed to the scattering and division of a subject into too many unconnected parts, and also to anything which is overstrained; as, a painting may want repose. Angle of repose (Physics), the inclination of a plane at which a body placed on the plane would remain at rest, or if in motion would roll or side down with uniform velocity; the angle at which the various kinds of earth will stand when abandoned to themselves. Syn. -- Rest; recumbency; reclination; ease; quiet; quietness; tranquillity; peace.

Reposed

Re*posed" (r?-p?zd"), a. Composed; calm; tranquil; at rest. Bacon. -- Re*pos"ed*ly (r, adv. -- Re*pos"ed*ness, n.

Reposeful

Re*pose"ful (r?-p?z"f?l), a. Full of repose; quiet.

Reposer

Re*pos"er (r?-p?z"?r), n. One who reposes.

Reposit

Re*pos"it (r?-p?z"?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reposited; p. pr. & vb. n. Repositing.] [L. repositus, p. p. of reponere to put back; pref. re- re- + ponere to put. See Position.] To cause to rest or stay; to lay away; to lodge, as for safety or preservation; to place; to store.
Others reposit their young in holes. Derham.

Reposition

Re`po*si"tion (r?`p?*z?sh"?n), n. [L. repositio.] The act of repositing; a laying up.

Repositor

Re*pos"i*tor (r?*p?z"?*t?r), n. (Surg.) An instrument employed for replacing a displaced organ or part.

Repository

Re*pos"i*to*ry (r?*p?z"?*t$*r?), n. [L. repositorium, repostorium: cf. OF. repositoire.] A place where things are or may be reposited, or laid up, for safety or preservation; a depository. Locke.

Repossess

Re`pos*sess" (r?"p?z*z?s" ∨ -p?s*s?s"), v. t. To possess again; as, to repossess the land. Pope. To repossess one's self of (something), to acquire again (something lost).

Repossession

Re`pos*ses"sion (r?`p?z-z?sh"?n ∨ -p?s s?sh"?n), n. The act or the state of possessing again.

Reposure

Re*po"sure (r?-p?"sh?r; 135), n. Rest; quiet.
In the reposure of most soft content. Marston.

Repour

Re*pour" (r?-p?r"), v. t. To pour again.

Repouss\'82

Re*pous`s\'82" (re -p??`s?"), a. [F., p. p. of repousser to thrust back; pref re- + pousser to push. See Push.] (a) Formed in relief, as a pattern on metal. (b) Ornamented with patterns in relief made by pressing or hammering on the reverse side; -- said of thin metal, or of a vessel made of thin metal. -- n. Repouss\'82 work. Repouss\'82 work, ornamentation of metal in relief by pressing or hammering on the reverse side.

Reprefe

Re*prefe" (r?-pr?f"), n. Reproof. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reprehend

Rep`re*hend" (r?p`r?-h?nd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reprehended; p. pr. & vb. n. Reprehending.] [L. reprehendere, reprehensum, to hold back, seize, check, blame; pref. re- re- + prehendere to lay hold of. See Prehensile, and cf. Reprisal. ] To reprove or reprimand with a view of restraining, checking, or preventing; to make charge of fault against; to disapprove of; to chide; to blame; to censure. Chaucer.
Aristippus being reprehended of luxury by one that was not rich, for that he gave six crowns for a small fish. Bacon.
Pardon me for reprehending thee. Shak.
In which satire human vices, ignorance, and errors . . . are severely reprehended. Dryden.
I nor advise nor reprehend the choice. J. Philips.

Reprehender

Rep`re*hend"er (-?r), n. One who reprehends.

Reprehensible

Rep`re*hen"si*ble (-h?n"s?-b'l), a. [L. reprehensibilis: cf. F. r\'82pr\'82hensible.] Worthy of reprehension; culpable; censurable; blamable. -- Rep`re*hen"si*ble*ness, n. -- Rep`re*hen"si*bly, adv.

Reprehension

Rep`re*hen"sion (-sh?n), n. [L. reprehensio: cf. F. r\'82pr\'82hension.] Reproof; censure; blame; disapproval.
This Basilius took as though his mistress had given him a secret reprehension that he had not showed more gratefulness to Dorus. Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. -- Censure; reproof; reprimand. See Admonition.

Reprehensive

Rep`re*hen"sive (-h?n"s?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82pr\'82hensif.] Containing reprehension; conveying reproof. South. -- Rep`re*hen"sive*ly, adv.

Reprehensory

Rep`re*hen"so*ry (-s?-r?), a. Containing reproof; reprehensive; as, reprehensory complaint. Johnson.

Re-present

Re`-pre*sent" (r?`pr?-z?nt"), v. t. To present again; as, to re-present the points of an argument.

Represent

Rep`re*sent" (r?p`r?-z?nt"), v. t. [F. repr, L. repraesentare, repraesentatum; pref. re- re- + preesentare to place before, present. See Present, v. t.]

1. To present again or anew; to present by means of something standing in the place of; to exhibit the counterpart or image of; to typify.

Before him burn Seven lamps, as in a zodiac representing The heavenly fires. Milton.

2. To portray by pictoral or plastic art; to delineate; as, to represent a landscape in a picture, a horse in bronze, and the like.

3. To portray by mimicry or action of any kind; to act the part or character of; to personate; as, to represent Hamlet.

4. To stand in the place of; to supply the place, perform the duties, exercise the rights, or receive the share, of; to speak and act with authority in behalf of; to act the part of (another); as, an heir represents his ancestor; an attorney represents his client in court; a member of Congress represents his district in Congress.

5. To exhibit to another mind in language; to show; to give one's own impressions and judgement of; to bring before the mind; to set forth; sometimes, to give an account of; to describe.

He represented Rizzio's credit with the queen to be the chief and only obstacle to his success in that demand. Robertson.
This bank is thought the greatest load on the Genoese, and the managers of it have been represented as a second kind of senate. Addison.

6. To serve as a sign or symbol of; as, mathematical symbols represent quantities or relations; words represent ideas or things.

7. To bring a sensation of into the mind or sensorium; to cause to be known, felt, or apprehended; to present.

Among these. Fancy next Her office holds; of all external things Which he five watchful senses represent, She forms imaginations, aery shapes. Milton.

8. (Metaph.) To form or image again in consciousness, as an object of cognition or apprehension (something which was originally apprehended by direct presentation). See Presentative,3.

The general capability of knowledge necessarily requires that, besides the power of evoking out of unconsciousness one portion of our retained knowledge in preference to another, we posses the faculty of representing in consciousness what is thus evoked . . . This representative Faculty is Imagination or Phantasy. Sir. W. Hamilton.

Representable

Rep`re*sent"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being represented.

Representance

Rep`re*sent"ance (-ans), n. Representation; likeness. [Obs.] Donne.

Representant

Rep`re*sent"ant (-ant), a. [Cf. F. repr.] Appearing or acting for another; representing.

Representant

Rep`re*sent"ant, n. [F. representant.] A representative. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Representation

Rep`re*sen*ta"tion (-z?n-t?"sh?n), n. [F. repr, L. representatio.]

1. The act of representing, in any sense of the verb.

2. That which represents. Specifically: (a) A likeness, a picture, or a model; as, a representation of the human face, or figure, and the like. (b) A dramatic performance; as, a theatrical representation; a representation of Hamlet. (c) A description or statement; as, the representation of an historian, of a witness, or an advocate. (d) The body of those who act as representatives of a community or society; as, the representation of a State in Congress. (e) (Insurance Law) Any collateral statement of fact, made orally or in writing, by which an estimate of the risk is affected, or either party is influenced.

3. The state of being represented. Syn. -- Description; show; delineaton; portraiture; likeness; resemblance; exhibition; sight.

Re-presentation

Re-pres`en*ta"tion (r?-prez`?n-t?"sh?n), n. [See Re-present.] The act of re-presenting, or the state of being presented again; a new presentation; as, re-presentation of facts previously stated.

Representationary

Rep`re*sen*ta"tion*a*ry (r?p`r?--z?n-t?"sh?n-?-r?), a. Implying representation; representative. [R.]

Representative

Rep`re*sent"a*tive (-z?nt`?-t?v), a. [Cf. F. repr.]

1. Fitted to represent; exhibiting a similitude.

2. Bearing the character or power of another; acting for another or others; as, a council representative of the people. Swift.

3. Conducted by persons chosen to represent, or act as deputies for, the people; as, a representative government.

4. (Nat.Hist.) (a) Serving or fitted to present the full characters of the type of a group; typical; as, a representative genus in a family. (b) Similar in general appearance, structure, and habits, but living in different regions; -- said of certain species and varieties.

5. (Metaph.) Giving, or existing as, a transcript of what was originally presentative knowledge; as, representative faculties; representative knowledge. See Presentative, 3 and Represent, 8.

Representative

Rep`re*sent"a*tive, n. [Cf. LL. repraesentativus.]

1. One who, or that which, represents (anything); that which exhibits a likeness or similitude.

A statute of Rumor, whispering an idiot in the ear, who was the representative of Credulity. Addison.
Difficulty must cumber this doctrine which supposes that the perfections of God are the representatives to us of whatever we perceive in the creatures. Locke.

2. An agent, deputy, or substitute, who supplies the place of another, or others, being invested with his or their authority.

3. (Law) One who represents, or stands in the place of, another. &hand; The executor or administrator is ordinarily held to be the representative of a deceased person, and is sometimes called the legal representative, or the personal representative. The heir is sometimes called the real representative of his deceased ancestor. The heirs and executors or administrators of a deceased person are sometimes compendiously described as his real and personal representatives. Wharton. Burrill.

4. A member of the lower or popular house in a State legislature, or in the national Congress. [U.S.]

5. (Nat.Hist.) (a) That which presents the full character of the type of a group. (b) A species or variety which, in any region, takes the place of a similar one in another region.

Representatively

Rep`re*sent"a*tive*ly, adv. In a representative manner; vicariously.

Representativeness

Rep`re*sent"a*tive*ness, n. The quality or state of being representative.
Dr. Burnet observes, that every thought is attended with conssciousness and representativeness. Spectator.

Representer

Rep`re*sent"er (-?r), n.

1. One who shows, exhibits, or describes. Sir T. Browne.

2. A representative. [Obs.] Swift.

Representment

Rep`re*sent"ment (-ment), n. Representation. [Obs.]

Repress

Re*press" (r?-pr?s"), v. t. [Pref. re- + press.] To press again.

Repress

Re*press" (r?-pr?s"), v. t. [Pref. re- + press: cf. L. reprimere, repressum. Cf. Reprimand.]

1. To press back or down effectually; to crush down or out; to quell; to subdue; to supress; as, to repress sedition or rebellion; to repress the first risings of discontent.

2. Hence, to check; to restrain; to keep back.

Desire of wine and all delicious drinks, . . . Thou couldst repress. Milton.
Syn. -- To crush; overpower; subdue; suppress; restrain; quell; curb; check.

Repress

Re*press", n. The act of repressing. [Obs.]

Represser

Re*press"er (-?r), n. One who, or that which, represses.

Repressible

Re*press"i*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being repressed.

Repression

Re*pres"sion (r?-pr?sh"?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82pression.]

1. The act of repressing, or state of being repressed; as, the repression of evil and evil doers.

2. That which represses; check; restraint.

Repressive

Re*press"ive (r?-pr?s"?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82pressif. LL. repressivus.] Having power, or tending, to repress; as, repressive acts or measures. -- Re*press"ive*ly, adv.

Reprevable

Re*prev"a*ble (r?-pr?v"?-b'l), a. Reprovable. [Obs.]

Repreve

Re*preve" (r?-pr?v"), v. t. [See Reprieve, v. t.] To reprove. [Obs.] "Repreve him of his vice." Chaucer.

Repreve

Re*preve", n. Reproof. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Repriefe

Re*priefe" (r?-pr?f"), n. Repreve. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reprieval

Re*priev"al (r?-pr?v"al), n. Reprieve. Overbury.

Reprieve

Re*prieve (r?-pr?v"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reprieved (-pr?vd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reprieving.] [OE. repreven to reject, disallow, OF. reprover to blame, reproach, condemn (pres. il reprueve), F. r\'82prouver to disapprove, fr. L. reprobare to reject, condemn; pref. re- re- + probare to try, prove. See Prove, and cf. Reprove, Reprobate.]

1. To delay the punishment of; to suspend the execution of sentence on; to give a respite to; to respite; as, to reprieve a criminal for thirty days.

He reprieves the sinnner from time to time. Rogers.

2. To relieve for a time, or temporarily.

Company, thought it may reprieve a man from his melaneholy yet can not secure him from his conscience. South.

Page 1222

Reprieve

Re*prieve" (r?-pr?v"), n.

1. A temporary suspension of the execution of a sentence, especially of a sentence of death.

The morning Sir John Hotham was to die, a reprieve was sent to suspend the execution for three days. Clarendon.

2. Interval of ease or relief; respite.

All that I ask is but a short reprieve, ll I forget to love, and learn to grieve. Denham.

Reprimand

Rep"ri*mand (r?p"r?-m?nd), n. [F. r\'82primande, fr. L. reprimendus, reprimenda, that is to be checked or suppressed, fr. reprimere to check, repress; pref. re- re + premere to press. See Press, and cf. Repress.] Severe or formal reproof; reprehension, private or public.
Goldsmith gave his landlady a sharp reprimand for her treatment of him. Macaulay.

Reprimand

Rep"ri*mand, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reprimanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Reprimanding.] [Cf. F. r\'82primander. See Reprimand, n.]

1. To reprove severely; to reprehend; to chide for a fault; to consure formally.

Germanicus was severely reprimanded by Tiberius for traveling into Egypt without his permission. Arbuthnot.

2. To reprove publicly and officially, in execution of a sentence; as, the court ordered him to be reprimanded. Syn. -- To reprove; reprehend; chide; rebuke; censure; blame. See Reprove.

Reprimander

Rep"ri*mand`er (-m?nd`?r), n. One who reprimands.

Reprimer

Re*prim"er (r?-pr?m"?r), n. (Firearms) A machine or implement for applying fresh primers to spent cartridge shells, so that the shells be used again.

Reprint

Re*print" (r?-pr?nt"), v. t.

1. To print again; to print a second or a new edition of.

2. To renew the impression of.

The whole business of our redemption is . . . to reprint God's image upon the soul. South.

Reprint

Re"print` (r?"pr?nt`), n. A second or a new impression or edition of any printed work; specifically, the publication in one country of a work previously published in another.

Reprinter

Re*print"er (r?-pr?nt"?r), n. One who reprints.

Reprisal

Re*pris"al (r?-priz"al), n. [F. repr, It. ripresaglia, rappresaglia, LL. reprensaliae, fr. L. reprehendere, reprehensum. See Reprehend, Reprise.]

1. The act of taking from an enemy by way of reteliation or indemnity.

Debatable ground, on which incursions and reprisals continued to take place. Macaulay.

2. Anything taken from an enemy in retaliation.

3. The act of retorting on an enemy by inflicting suffering or death on a prisoner taken from him, in retaliation for an act of inhumanity. Vattel (Trans. )

4. Any act of retaliation. Waterland. Letters of marque and reprisal. See under Marque.

Reprise

Re*prise" (r?-pr?z"), n. [F. reprise, fr. reprendre, repris, to take back, L. reprehendere. See Reprehend.]

1. A taking by way of retaliation. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. pl. (Law) Deductions and duties paid yearly out of a manor and lands, as rent charge, rent seck, pensions, annuities, and the like. [Written also reprizes.] Burrill.

3. A ship recaptured from an enemy or from a pirate.

Reprise

Re*prise", v. t. [Written also reprize.]

1. To take again; to retake. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To recompense; to pay. [Obs.]

Repristinate

Re*pris"tin*ate (r?-pr?s"t?n-?t), v. t. [Pref. re- + pristine.] To restore to an original state. [R.] Shedd.

Repristination

Re*pris`ti*na"tion (-t?-n?"sh?n), n. Restoration to an original state; renewal of purity. [R.] R. Browning.

Reprive

Re*prive" (r?-pr?v"), v. t. [Pref. re- + L. privare to deprive.] To take back or away. [Obs.] Spenser.

Reprive

Re*prive", v. t. To reprieve. [Obs.] Howell.

Reprize

Re*prize" (-pr?z"), v. t. See Reprise. [Obs.] Spenser.

Reprizes

Re*priz"es (-pr?z"?z), n.pl. (Law) See Repise, n., 2.

Reproach

Re*proach" (r?-pr?ch"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reproached (-pr?cht"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reproaching.] [F. reprocher, OF. reprochier, (assumed) LL. reproriare; L. pref. re- again, against, back + prope near; hence, originally, to bring near to, throw in one's teeth. Cf. Approach.]

1. To come back to, or come home to, as a matter of blame; to bring shame or disgrace upon; to disgrace. [Obs.]

I thought your marriage fit; else imputation, For that he knew you, might reproach your life. Shak.

2. To attribute blame to; to allege something disgracefull against; to charge with a fault; to censure severely or contemptuously; to upbraid.

If ye be reproached for the name of Christ. 1 Peter iv. 14.
That this newcomer, Shame, There sit not, and reproach us as unclean. Milton.
Mezentius . . . with his ardor warmed His fainting friends, reproached their shameful flight. Repelled the victors. Dryden.
Syn. -- To upbraid; censure; blame; chide; rebuke; condemn; revile; vilify.

Reproach

Re*proach", n. [F. reproche. See Reproach, v.]

1. The act of reproaching; censure mingled with contempt; contumelious or opprobrious language toward any person; abusive reflections; as, severe reproach.

No reproaches even, even when pointed and barbed with the sharpest wit, appeared to give him pain. Macaulay.
Give not thine heritage to reproach. Joel ii. 17.

2. A cause of blame or censure; shame; disgrace.

3. An object of blame, censure, scorn, or derision.

Come, and let us build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we be no more a reproach. Neh. ii. 17.
Syn. -- Disrepute; discredit; dishonor; opprobrium; invective; contumely; reviling; abuse; vilification; scurrility; insolence; insult; scorn; contempt; ignominy; shame; scandal;; disgrace; infamy.

Reproachablr

Re*proach"a*blr (-?-b'l), a. [Cf. F. reprochable.]

1. Deserving reproach; censurable.

2. Opprobrius; scurrilous. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot. -- Re*proach"a*ble*ness, n. -- Re*proach"a*bly, adv.

Reproacher

Re*proach"er (-?r), n. One who reproaches.

Reproachful

Re*proach"ful (-f?l), a.

1. Expressing or containing reproach; upbraiding; opprobrious; abusive.

The reproachful speeches . . . That he hath breathed in my dishonor here. Shak.

2. Occasioning or deserving reproach; shameful; base; as, a reproachful life. Syn. -- Opprobrious; contumelious; abusive; offensive; insulting; contemptuous; scornful; insolent; scurrilous; disreputable; discreditable; dishonorable; shameful; disgraceful; scandalous; base; vile; infamous. -- Re*proach"ful*ly (r, adv. -- Re*proach"ful*ness, n.

Reproachless

Re*proach"less, a. Being without reproach.

Repprobacy

Repp"ro*ba*cy (r?p"r?-b?-c?), n. Reprobation. [R.]

Reprobance

Rep"ro*bance (-bans), n. Reprobation. [Obs.] Shak.

Reprobate

Rep"ro*bate (-b?t), a. [L. reprobatus, p. p. of reprobare to disapprove, condemn. See Reprieve, Reprove.]

1. Not enduring proof or trial; not of standard purity or fineness; disallowed; rejected. [Obs.]

Reprobate silver shall men call them, because the Lord hath rejected them. Jer. vi. 30.

2. Abandoned to punishment; hence, morally abandoned and lost; given up to vice; depraved.

And strength, and art, are easily outdone By spirits reprobate. Milton.

3. Of or pertaining to one who is given up to wickedness; as, reprobate conduct. "Reprobate desire." Shak. Syn. -- Abandoned; vitiated; depraved; corrupt; wicked; profligate; base; vile. See Abandoned.

Reprobate

Rep"ro*bate, n. One morally abandoned and lost.
I acknowledge myself for a reprobate, a villain, a traitor to the king. Sir W. Raleigh.

Reprobate

Rep"ro*bate (-b?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reprobated (-b?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Reprobating.]

1. To disapprove with detestation or marks of extreme dislike; to condemn as unworthy; to disallow; to reject.

Such an answer as this is reprobated and disallowed of in law; I do not believe it, unless the deed appears. Ayliffe.
Every scheme, every person, recommended by one of them, was reprobated by the other. Macaulay.

2. To abandon to punishment without hope of pardon. Syn. -- To condemn; reprehend; censure; disown; abandon; reject.

Reprobateness

Rep"ro*bate*ness, n. The state of being reprobate.

Reprobater

Rep"ro*ba`ter (-b?`t?r), n. One who reprobates.

Reprobation

Rep`ro*ba"tion (-b?`sh?n), n. [F. r\'82probation, or L. reprobatio.]

1. The act of reprobating; the state of being reprobated; strong disapproval or censure.

The profligate pretenses upon which he was perpetually soliciting an increase of his disgraceful stipend are mentioned with becoming reprobation. Jeffrey.
Set a brand of reprobation on clipped poetry and false coin. Dryden.

2. (Theol.) The predestination of a certain number of the human race as reprobates, or objects of condemnation and punishment.

Reprobationer

Rep`ro*ba"tion*er (-?r), n. (Theol.) One who believes in reprobation. See Reprobation,2. South.

Reprobative

Rep"ro*ba*tive (-b?-t?v), a. Of or pertaining to reprobation; expressing reprobation.

Reprobatory

Rep"ro*ba`to*ry (-b?`t?-r?), a. Reprobative.

Reproduce

Re`pro*duce" (r?`pr?-d?s"), v. t. To produce again. Especially: (a) To bring forward again; as, to reproduce a witness; to reproduce charges; to reproduce a play. (b) To cause to exist again.
Those colors are unchangeable, and whenever all those rays with those their colors are mixed again they reproduce the same white light as before. Sir I. Newton.
(c) To produce again, by generation or the like; to cause the existence of (something of the same class, kind, or nature as another thing); to generate or beget, as offspring; as, to reproduce a rose; some animals are reproduced by gemmation. (d) To make an image or other representation of; to portray; to cause to exist in the memory or imagination; to make a copy of; as, to reproduce a person's features in marble, or on canvas; to reproduce a design.

Reproducer

Re`pro*du"cer (-d?"s?r), n. One who, or that which, reproduces. Burke.

Reproduction

Re`pro*duc"tion (-d?k"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. reproduction.]

1. The act or process of reproducing; the state of being reproduced; specifically (Biol.), the process by which plants and animals give rise to offspring. &hand; There are two distinct methods of reproduction; viz.: asexual reproduction (agamogenesis) and sexual reproduction (gamogenesis). In both cases the new individual is developed from detached portions of the parent organism. In asexual reproduction (gemmation, fission, etc.), the detached portions of the organism develop into new individuals without the intervention of other living matter. In sexual reproduction, the detached portion, which is always a single cell, called the female germ cell, is acted upon by another portion of living matter, the male germ cell, usually from another organism, and in the fusion of the two (impregnation) a new cell is formed, from the development of which arises a new individual.

2. That which is reproduced.

Reproductive

Re`pro*duc"tive (-t?v), a. [Cf. F. reproductif.] Tending, or pertaining, to reproduction; employed in reproduction. Lyell.

Reproductory

Re`pro*duc"to*ry (-t?-r?), a. Reproductive.

Reproof

Re*proof" (r?-pr??f"), n. [OE. reproef. See Proof, Reprove.]

1. Refutation; confutation; contradiction. [Obs.]

2. An expression of blame or censure; especially, blame expressed to the face; censure for a fault; chiding; reproach.

Those best can bear reproof who merit praise. Pope.
Syn. -- Admonition; reprehension; chiding; reprimand; rebuke; censure; blame. See Admonition.

Reprovable

Re*prov"a*ble (r?-pr??v"?-b'l), a. [Cf. F. r<'82prouvable.] Worthy of reproof or censure. Jer. Taylor. Syn. -- Blamable; blameworthy; censurable; reprehensible; culpable; rebukable. --Re*prov"a*ble*ness, n. -- Re*prov"a*bly, adv.

Re proval

Re prov"al (-al), n. Reproof. Sir P. Sidney.

Reprove

Re*prove" (r?-pr??v"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reproved (-pr??vd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Reproving.] [F. r\'82prouver, OF. reprover, fr. L. reprobare. See Reprieve, Reprobate, and cf. Reproof.]

1. To convince. [Obs.]

When he is come, he will reprove the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment. John xvi. 9.

2. To disprove; to refute. [Obs.]

Reprove my allegation, if you can. Shak.

3. To chide to the face as blameworthy; to accuse as guilty; to censure.

What if thy son
Prove disobedient, and, reproved, retort, "Wherefore didst thou beget me?" Milton.

4. To express disapprobation of; as, to reprove faults.

He neither reproved the ordinance of John, neither plainly condemned the fastings of the other men. Udall.
Syn. -- To reprehend; chide; rebuke; scold; blame censure. -- Reprove, Rebuke, Reprimand. These words all signufy the expression of disapprobation. To reprove implies greater calmness and self-possession. To rebuke implies a more excited and personal feeling. A reproof may be administered long after the offience is committed, and is usually intended for the reformation of the offender; a rebuke is commonly given at the moment of the wrong, and is administered by way of punishment and condemnation. A reprimand proceeds from a person invested with authority, and is a formal and offiscial act. A child is reproved for his faults, and rebuked for his impudence. A military officer is reprimanded for neglect or violation of duty.

Reprover

Re*prov"er (r?-pr??v"?r), n. One who, or that which, reproves.

Reprovingly

Re*prov"ing*ly, adv. In a reproving manner.

Reprine

Re*prine" (r?-pr?n"), v. t. To prune again or anew.
Yet soon reprunes her wing to soar anew. Young.

Rep-silver

Rep"-sil`ver (r?p"s?l`v?r), n. [See Reap.] Money anciently paid by servile tenants to their lord, in lieu of the customary service of reaping his corn or grain.

Reptant

Rep"tant (r?p"tant), a. [L. reptans, -antis, p. pr. of reptare, v. intens. from repere to creep. See Reptile.]

1. (Bot.) Same as Repent.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Creeping; crawling; -- said of reptiles, worms, etc.

Reptantia

Rep*tan"ti*a (r?p-t?n"sh?-?), n.pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A divisiom of gastropods; the Pectinibranchiata.

Reptation

Rep*ta"tion (r?p-t?"sh?n), n. [L. reptatio, from reptare: cf. F. reptation.] (Zo\'94l.) The act of creeping.

Reptatory

Rep"ta*to*ry (r?p"t?-t?-r?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Creeping.

Reptile

Rep"tile (r?p"t?l;277), a. [F. reptile, L. reptilis, fr. repere, reptum, to creep; cf. Lith. reploti; perh. akin to L. serpere. Cf. Serpent.]

1. Creeping; moving on the belly, or by means of small and short legs.

2. Hence: Groveling; low; vulgar; as, a reptile race or crew; reptile vices.

There is also a false, reptile prudence, the result not of caution, but of fear. Burke.
And dislodge their reptile souls From the bodies and forms of men. Coleridge.

Reptile

Rep"tile, n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) An animal that crawls, or moves on its belly, as snakes,, or by means of small, short legs, as lizards, and the like.

An inadvertent step may crush the snail That crawls at evening in the public path; But he that has humanity, forewarned, Will tread aside, and let the reptile live. Cowper.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Reptilia, or one of the Amphibia. &hand; The amphibians were formerly classed with Reptilia, and are still popularly called reptiles, though much more closely allied to the fishes.

3. A groveling or very mean person.

Reptilia

Rep*til"i*a (r?p-t?l"?-?), n.pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A class of air-breathing oviparous vertebrates, usually covered with scales or bony plates. The heart generally has two auricles and one ventricle. The development of the young is the same as that of birds. &hand; It is nearly related in many respects to Aves, or birds. The principal existing orders are Testidunata or Chelonia (turtles), Crocodilia, Lacertilla (lizards), Ophidia (serpents), and Rhynchocephala; the chief extinct orders are Dinosauria, Theremorpha, Mosasauria, Pterosauria, Plesiosauria, Ichtyosauria.

Reptilian

Rep*til"i*an (-an), a. Belonging to the reptiles. Reptilian age (Geol.), that part of geological time comprising the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods, and distinguished as that era in which the class of reptiles attained its highest expansion; -- called also the Secondary or Mezozoic age.

Reptilian

Rep*til"i*an, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Reptilia; a reptile.

Republic

Re*pub"lic (r?-p?b"l?k), n. [F. r\'82publique, L. respublica commonwealth; res a thing, an affair + publicus, publica, public. See Real, a., and Public.]

1. Common weal. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. A state in which the sovereign power resides in the whole body of the people, and is exercised by representatives elected by them; a commonwealth. Cf. Democracy, 2. &hand; In some ancient states called republics the sovereign power was exercised by an hereditary aristocracy or a privileged few, constituting a government now distinctively called an aristocracy. In some there was a division of authority between an aristocracy and the whole body of the people except slaves. No existing republic recognizes an exclusive privilege of any class to govern, or tolerates the institution of slavery. Republic of letters, The collective body of literary or learned men. <-- Democratic republic, a term much used by countries with a Communist system of government. -->

Republican

Re*pub"lic*an (-l?-kan), a. [F. r\'82publicain.]

1. Of or pertaining to a republic.

The Roman emperors were republican magistrates named by the senate. Macaulay.

2. Consonant with the principles of a republic; as, republican sentiments or opinions; republican manners. Republican party. (U.S. Politics) (a) An earlier name of the Democratic party when it was opposed to the Federal party. Thomas Jefferson was its great leader. (b) One of the existing great parties. It was organized in 1856 by a combination of voters from other parties for the purpose of opposing the extension of slavery, and in 1860 it elected Abraham Lincoln president.


Page 1223

Republican

Re*pub"lic*an (r?-p?b"l?-kan), n.

1. One who favors or prefers a republican form of government.

2. (U.S.Politics) A member of the Republican party.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The American cliff swallow. The cliff swallows build their nests side by side, many together. (b) A South African weaver bird (Philet\'91rus socius). These weaver birds build many nests together, under a large rooflike shelter, which they make of straw. Red republican. See under Red.

Republicanism

Re*pub"lic*an*ism (-?z'm), n. [Cf. F. r\'82publicanisme.]

1. A republican form or system of government; the principles or theory of republican government.

2. Attachment to, or political sympathy for, a republican form of government. Burke.

3. The principles and policy of the Republican party, so called [U.S.]

Republicanize

Re*pub"lic*an*ize (-?z), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Republicanized (-?zd); p. pr. & vb. n. Republicanizing (-?`z?ng).] [Cf. F. r\'82publicaniser.] To change, as a state, into a republic; to republican principles; as, France was republicanized; to republicanize the rising generation. D. Ramsay.

Republicate

Re*pub"li*cate (r?*p?b"l?*k?t), v. t. [Cf. LL. republicare.] To make public again; to republish. [Obs.]

Republication

Re*pub`li*ca"tion (r?-p?b`l?-k?"sh?n), n. A second publication, or a new publication of something before published, as of a former will, of a volume already published, or the like; specifically, the publication in one country of a work first issued in another; a reprint.
If there be many testaments, the last overthrows all the former; but the republication of a former will revokes one of a later date, and establishes the first. Blackstone.

Republish

Re*pub"lish (r?-p?b"l?sh), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Republished (-l?sht); p. pr. & vb. n. Republishing.] To publish anew; specifically, to publish in one country (a work first published in another); also, to revive (a will) by re
Subsecquent to the purchase or contract, the devisor republished his will. Blackstone.

Republisher

Re*pub"lish*er (-?r), n. One who republishes.

Repudiable

Re*pu"di*a*ble (r?-p?"d?-?-b'l), a. [See Repudilate.] Admitting of repudiation; fit or proper to be put away.

Repudiate

Re*pu"di*ate (-?t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repudiated (-?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Repudiating.] [L. repudiatus, p. p. of repudiare to repudiate, reject, fr. repudium separation, divorce; pref. re- re- + pudere to be ashamed.]

1. To cast off; to disavow; to have nothing to do with; to renounce; to reject.

Servitude is to be repudiated with greater care. Prynne.

2. To divorce, put away, or discard, as a wife, or a woman one has promised to marry.

His separation from Terentis, whom he repudiated not long afterward. Bolingbroke.

3. To refuse to acknowledge or to pay; to disclaim; as, the State has repudiated its debts.

Repudiation

Re*pu`di*a"tion (-\'b5"sh?n), n. [Cf.F. r\'82pudiation, L. repudiatio.] The act of repudiating, or the state of being repuddiated; as, the repudiation of a doctrine, a wife, a debt, etc.

Repudiation

Re*pu`di*a"tion, n. One who favors repudiation, especially of a public debt.

Repudiator

Re*pu"di*a`tor (r?-p?"d?-?`t?r), n. [L., a rejecter, contemner.] One who repudiates.

Repugn

Re*pugn" (r?-p?n"), v. t. [F. r\'82pugner, L. repugnare, repugnatum; pref. re- + pugnare to fight. See Pugnacious.] To fight against; to oppose; to resist. [R.]
Stubbornly he did repugn the truth. Shak.

Repugnable

Re*pug"na*ble (r?-p?g"n?-b'l), a. Capable of being repugned or resisted. [R.] Sir T. North.

Repugnance -nans, Repugnancy

Re*pug"nance (-nans), Re*pug"nan*cy (-nan-s?), n. [F. r\'82pugnance, L. repugnantia.] The state or condition of being repugnant; opposition; contrariety; especially, a strong instinctive antagonism; aversion; reluctance; unwillingness, as of mind, passions, principles, qualities, and the like.
That which causes us to lose most of our time is the repugnance which we naturally have to labor. Dryden.
Let the foes quietly cut their throats, Without repugnancy. Shak.
Syn. -- Aversion; reluctance; unwillingness; dislike; antipathy; hatred; hostility; irreconcilableness; contrariety; inconsistency. See Dislike.

Repugnant

Re*pug"nant (-nant), a. [F. r\'82pugnant, or L. repugnans, -antis, p. pr. of repugnare. See Repugn.] Disposed to fight against; hostile; at war with; being at variance; contrary; inconsistent; refractory; disobedient; also, distasteful in a high degree; offensive; -- usually followed by to, rarely and less properly by with; as, all rudeness was repugnant to her nature.
[His sword] repugnant to command. Shak.
There is no breach of a divine law but is more or less repugnant unto the will of the Lawgiver, God himself. Perkins.
Syn. -- Opposite; opposed; adverse; contrary; inconsistent; irreconcilable; hostile; inimical.

Repugnantly

Re*pug"nant*ly, adv. In a repugnant manner.

Repugnate

Re*pug"nate (-n?t), v. t. [From L. repugnare. See Repugn.] To oppose; to fight against. [Obs.]

Repugner

Re*pugn"er (r?-p?n"?r), n. One who repugns.

Repullulate

Re*pul"lu*late (r?-p?l"l?-l?t), v. i. [L. repullulare, repullulatum. See Pullulate.] To bud again.
Though tares repullulate, there is wheat still left in the field. Howell.

Repullulation

Re*pul`lu*la"tion (r?-p?l`l?-l?"sh?n), n. The act of budding again; the state of having budded again.

Repulse

Re*pulse" (r?-p?ls"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Repulsed (-p?lst"); p. pr. & vb. n. Repulsing.] [L. repulsus, p. p. of repellere. See Repel.]

1. To repel; to beat or drive back; as, to repulse an assault; to repulse the enemy.

Complete to have discovered and repulsed Whatever wiles of foe or seeming friend. Milton.

2. To repel by discourtesy, coldness, or denial; to reject; to send away; as, to repulse a suitor or a proffer.

Repulse

Re*pulse", n. [L. repulsa, fr. repellere, repulsum.]

1. The act of repelling or driving back; also, the state of being repelled or driven back.

By fate repelled, and with repulses tired. Denham.
He received in the repulse of Tarquin seven hurts in the body. Shak.

2. Figuratively: Refusal; denial; rejection; failure.

Repulseless

Re*pulse"less, a. Not capable of being repulsed.

Repulser

Re*puls"er (-?r), n. One who repulses, or drives back.

Repulsion

Re*pul"sion (r?-p?l"sh?n), n. [L. repulsio: cf. F. r\'82pulsion.]

1. The act of repulsing or repelling, or the state of being repulsed or repelled.

2. A feeling of violent offence or disgust; repugnance.

3. (Physics) The power, either inherent or due to some physical action, by which bodies, or the particles of bodies, are made to recede from each other, or to resist each other's nearer approach; as, molecular repulsion; electrical repulsion.

Repulsive

Re*pul"sive (-s?v), a. [Cf. F. r\'82pulsif.]

1. Serving, or able, to repulse; repellent; as, a repulsive force.

Repulsive of his might the weapon stood. Pope.

2. Cold; forbidding; offensive; as, repulsive manners. -- Re*pul"sive*ly, adv. -- Re*pul"sive*ness, n.

Repulsory

Re*pul"so*ry (-s?-r?), a. [L. repulsorius.] Repulsive; driving back.

Repurchase

Re*pur"chase (r?*p?r"ch?s; 48), v. t. To buy back or again; to regain by purchase. Sir M. Hale.

Repurchase

Re*pur"chase, n. The act of repurchasing.

Repurify

Re*pu"ri*fy (r?-p?"r?-f?), v. t. To purify again.

Reputable

Rep"u*ta*ble (r?p"?-t?-b'l), a. [From Repute.] Having, or worthy of, good repute; held in esteem; honorable; praiseworthy; as, a reputable man or character; reputable conduct.
In the article of danger, it is as reputable to elude an enemy as defeat one. Broome.
Syn. -- Respectable; creditable; estimable. -- Rep"u ta*ble*ness, n. -- Rep"u*ta*bly, adv.

Reputation

Rep`u*ta"tion (-t?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82putation, L. reputatio a reckoning, consideration. See Repute, v. t.]

1. The estimation in which one is held; character in public opinion; the character attributed to a person, thing, or action; repute.

The best evidence of reputation is a man's whole life. Ames.

2. (Law) The character imputed to a person in the community in which he lives. It is admissible in evidence when he puts his character in issue, or when such reputation is otherwise part of the issue of a case.

3. Specifically: Good reputation; favorable regard; public esteem; general credit; good name.

I see my reputation is at stake. Shak.
The security of his reputation or good name. Blackstone.

4. Account; value. [Obs.] Chaucer.

[/Christ] made himself of no reputation. Phil. ii. 7.
Syn. -- Credit; repute; regard; estimation; esteem; honor; fame. See the Note under Character.

Reputatively

Re*put"a*tive*ly (r?-p?t"?-t?v-l?), adv. By repute.

Repute

Re*pute" (r?-p?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reputed; p. pr. & vb. n. Reputing.] [F. r\'82puter, L. reputare to count over, think over; pref. re- re- + putare to count, think. See Putative.] To hold in thought; to account; to estimate; to hold; to think; to reckon.
Wherefore are we counted as beasts, and reputed vile in your sight? Job xviii. 3.
The king your father was reputed for A prince most prudent. Shak.

Repute

Re*pute", n.

1. Character reputed or attributed; reputation, whether good or bad; established opinion; public estimate.

He who regns Monarch in heaven, till then as one secure Sat on his throne, upheld by old repute. Milton.

2. Specifically: Good character or reputation; credit or honor derived from common or public opinion; -- opposed to disrepute. "Dead stocks, which have been of repute." F. Beaumont.

Reputedly

Re*put"ed*ly (r?-p?t"?d-l?), adv. In common opinion or estimation; by repute.

Reputeless

Re*pute"less, a. Not having good repute; disreputable; disgraceful; inglorius. [R.] Shak.

Requere

Re*quere" (r?--kw?r"), v. t. To require. [Obs.]

Request

Re*quest" (r?-kw\'b5st"), n. [OE. requeste, OF. requeste, F. requ, LL. requesta, for requisita, fr. L. requirere, requisitum, to seek again, ask for. See Require, and cf. Quest.]

1. The act of asking for anything desired; expression of desire or demand; solicitation; prayer; petition; entreaty.

I will marry her, sir, at your request. Shak.

2. That which is asked for or requested. "He gave them their request." Ps. cvi. 15.

I will both hear and grant you your requests. Shak.

3. A state of being desired or held in such estimation as to be sought after or asked for; demand.

Knowledge and fame were in as great request as wealth among us now. Sir W. Temple.
Court of Requests. (a) A local tribunal, sometimes called Court of Consience, founded by act of Parliament to facilitate the recovery of small debts from any inhabitant or trader in the district defined by the act; -- now mostly abolished. (b) A court of equity for the relief of such persons as addressed the sovereign by supplication; -- now abolished. It was inferior to the Court of Chancery. [Eng.] Brande & C. Syn. -- Asking; solicitation; petition; prayer; supplication; entreaty; suit.

Request

Re*quest" (r?-kw?st"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Requested; p. pr. & vb. n. Requesting.] [Cf. OF. requester, F. requ≖ter.]

1. To ask for (something); to express desire ffor; to solicit; as, to request his presence, or a favor.

2. To address with a request; to ask.

I request you To give my poor host freedom. Shak.
Syn. -- To ask; solicit; entreat; beseech. See Beg.

Requester

Re*quest"er (-?r), n. One who requests; a petitioner.

Requicken

Re*quick"en (r?-kw?k"'n), v. t. To quicken anew; to reanimate; to give new life to. Shak.

Requiem

Re"qui*em (r?"kw?-?m;277), n. [Acc. of L. requies rest, the first words of the Mass being "Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine," give eternal rest to them, O lord; pref. re- re + quies quiet. See Quiet, n., and cf. Requin.]

1. (R.C.Ch.) A mass said or sung for the repose of a departed soul.

We should profane the service of the dead To sing a requiem and such rest to her As to peace-parted souls. Shak.

2. Any grand musical composition, performed in honor of a deceased person.

3. Rest; quiet; peace. [Obs.]

Else had I an eternal requiem kept, And in the arms of peace forever slept. Sandys.

Requietory

Re*qui"e*to*ry (r?-kw?"?-t?-r?), n. [L. requietorium, fr. requiescere, requietum, to rest. See Re-, and Quiesce.] A sepulcher. [Obs.] Weever.

Requin

Re"quin (r?"kw?n), n. [F., fr. reqiem a Mass sung for the dead. See Requiem.] (Zo\'94l.) The man-eater, or white shark (Carcharodon carcharias); -- so called on account of its causing requiems to be sung.

Requirable

Re*quir"a*ble (r?-kw?r"?-b'l), a. Capable of being required; proper to be required. Sir M. Hale.

Require

Re*quire" (r?-kw?r"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Required (-kw?rd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Requiring.] [OE. requeren, requiren, OF. requerre, F. requ; L. pref. re- re- + quaerere to ask; cf. L. requirere. See Query, and cf. Request, Requisite.]

1. To demand; to insist upon having; to claim as by right and authority; to exact; as, to require the surrender of property.

Shall I say to C\'91sar What you require of him? Shak.
By nature did what was by law required. Dryden.

2. To demand or exact as indispensable; to need.

just gave what life required, and gave no more. Goldsmith.
The two last [biographies] require to be particularly noticed. J. A. Symonds.

3. To ask as a favor; to request.

I was ashamed to require of the king a band of soldiers and horsemen to help us against the enemy in the way. Ezra viii. 22.
Syn. -- To claim; exact; enjoin; prescribe; direct; order; demand; need.

Requirement

Re*quire"ment (-ment), n.

1. The act of requiring; demand; requisition.

2. That which is required; an imperative or authoritative command; an essential condition; something needed or necessary; a need.

One of those who believe that they can fill up every requirement contained in the rule of righteousness. J. M. Mason.
God gave her the child, and gave her too an instinctive knowledge of its nature and requirements. Hawthorne.

Requirer

Re*quir"er (-kw?r"?r), n. One who requires.

Requisite

Req"ui*site (r?k"w?-z?t), n. That which is required, or is necessary; something indispensable.
God, on his part, has declared the requisites on ours; what we must do to obtain blessings, is the great business of us all to know. Wake.

Requisite

Req"ui*site, a. [L. requisitus, p. p. requirere; pref. re- re- + quaerere to ask. See Require.] Required by the nature of things, or by circumstances;
All truth requisite for men to know. Milton.
Syn. -- Necessary; needful; indispensable; essential. -- Req"ui*site*ly, adv. -- Req"ui*site*ness, n.

Requisition

Req`ui*si"tion (r?k`w?-z?sh"?n), n.[Cf. F. r\'82quisition, L. requisitio a searching.]

1. The act of requiring, as of right; a demand or application made as by authority. Specifically: (a) (International Law) A formal demand made by one state or government upon another for the surrender or extradition of a fugitive from justice. Kent. (b) (Law) A notarial demand of a debt. Wharton. (c) (Mil.) A demand by the invader upon the people of an invaded country for supplies, as of provision, forage, transportation, etc. Farrow. (d) A formal application by one officer to another for things needed in the public service; as, a requisition for clothing, troops, or money.

2. That which is required by authority; especially, a quota of supplies or necessaries.

3. A written or normal call; an invitation; a summons; as, a reqisition for a public meeting. [Eng.]

Requisition

Req`ui*si"tion, v. t.

1. To make a reqisition on or for; as, to requisition a district for forage; to requisition troops.

2. To present a requisition to; to summon request; as, to requisition a person to be a candidate. [Eng.]

Requisitionist

Req`ui*si"tion*ist, n. One who makes or signs a requisition.

Requisitive

Re*quis"i*tive (r?-kw?z"?-t?v), a. Expressing or implying demand. [R.] Harris.

Requisitive

Re*quis"i*tive, n. One who, or that which, makes requisition; a requisitionist. [R.]

Requisitor

Re*quis"i*tor (-t?r), n. One who makes reqisition; esp., one authorized by a requisition to investigate facts.

Requisitory

Re*quis"i*to*ry (-t?-r?), a. Sought for; demanded. [R.] Summary on Du Bartas (1621).

Requitable

Re*quit"a*ble (-kw?t"?-b'l), a. That may be requited.

Requital

Re*quit"al (-al), n. [From Requite.] The act of requiting; also, that which requites; return, good or bad, for anything done; in a good sense, compensation; recompense; as, the requital of services; in a bad sense, retaliation, or punishment; as, the requital of evil deeds.
No merit their aversion can remove, Nor ill requital can efface their love. Waller.

Page 1224

Syn. -- Compensation; recompense; remuneration; reward; satisfaction; payment; retribution; retaliation; reprisal; punishment.

Requite

Re"quite" (r?-kw?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Requited; p. pr. & vb. n. Requiting.] [Pref. re- + quit.] To repay; in a good sense, to recompense; to return (an equivalent) in good; to reward; in a bad sense, to retaliate; to return (evil) for evil; to punish.
He can requite thee; for he knows the charma That call fame on such gentle acts as these. Milton.
Thou hast seen it; for thou beholdest mischief and spite, to requite it with thy hand. Ps. x. 14.
Syn. -- To repay; reward; pay; compensate; remunerate; satisfy; recompense; punish; revenge.

Requitement

Re*quite"ment (-ment), n. Requital [Obs.] E. Hall.

Requiter

Re*quit"er (-kw?t"?r), n. One who requites.

Rerebrace

Rere"brace` (r?r"br?s"), n. [F. arri.] (Anc. Armor) Armor for the upper part of the arm. Fairholt.

Reredemain

Rere`de*main" (-d?-m?n"), n. [F. arri back + de of + main hand.] A backward stroke. [Obs.]

Reredos

Rere"dos (r?r"d?s), n. [From rear + F. dos back, L. dorsum. Cf. Dorsal.] (Arch.) (a) A screen or partition wall behind an altar. (b) The back of a fireplace. (c) The open hearth, upon which fires were lighted, immediately under the louver, in the center of ancient halls. [Also spelt reredosse.] Fairholt.

Rerefief

Rere"fief` (r?r"f?f`), n. [F. arri\'8are-fief. See Rear hinder, and Fief.] (Scots Law) A fief held of a superior feudatory; a fief held by an under tenant. Blackstone.

Rereign

Re*reign" (r?-r?n"), v. i. To reign again.

Re-reiterate

Re`-re*it"er*ate (r?`r?-?t"?r-?t), v. t. To reiterate many times. [R.] "My re-reiterated wish." Tennyson.

Reremouse

Rere"mouse` (r?r"mous`), n. (Zo\'94l.) A rearmouse.

Re-resolve

Re`-re*solve" (r?`r?-z?lv"), v. t. & i. To resolve again.
Resolves, and re-resolves, then dies the same. Young.

Rereward

Rere"ward` (r?r"w?rd`), n. [See Rearward.] The rear quard of an army. [Obs.]

Res

Res (r?z), n.; pl. Res. [L.] A thing; the particular thing; a matter; a point. Res gest\'91 [L., things done] (Law), the facts which form the environment of a litigated issue. Wharton. -- Res judicata [L.] (Law), a thing adjudicated; a matter no longer open to controversy.

Resail

Re*sail" (r?-s?l"), v. t. & i. To sail again; also, to sail back, as to a former port.

Resale

Re*sale" (r?-s?l" ∨ r?"s?l), n. A sale at second hand, or at retail; also, a second sale. Bacon.

Resalgar

Re*sal"gar (r?-s?l"g?r), n. Realgar. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Resalute

Re`sa*lute" (r?`s?-l?t"), v. t. To salute again.

Resaw

Re*saw" (r, v. t. To saw again; specifically, to saw a balk, or a timber, which has already been squared, into dimension lumber, as joists, boards, etc.

Rescat

Res"cat (r?s"k?t), v. t. [Sp. rescattar.] To ransom; to release; to rescue. [Obs.] Howell.

Rescat

Res"cat, n. [Sp. rescate.] Ransom; release. [Obs.]

Rescind

Re*scind" (r?-s?nd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rescinded; p. pr. & vb. n. Rescinding.] [L. rescindere, rescissum; pref re- re- + scindere to cut, split: cf. F. rescinder. See Shism.]

1. To cut off; to abrogate; to annul.

The blessed Jesus . . . did sacramentally rescind the impure relics of Adam and the contraction of evil customs. Jer. Taylor.

2. Specifically, to vacate or make void, as an act, by the enacting authority or by superior authority; to repeal; as, to rescind a law, a resolution, or a vote; to rescind a decree or a judgment. Syn. -- To revoke; repeal; abrogate; annul; recall; reverse; vacate; void.

Rescindable

Re*scind"a*ble (-?-b'l), a. Capable of being rescinded.

Rescindment

Re*scind"ment (-ment), n. The act of rescinding; rescission.

Rescission

Re*scis"sion (r?-s?zh"?n), n. [L. rescissio: cf. F. rescission. See Rescind.] The act of rescinding, abrogating, annulling, or vacating; as, the rescission of a law, decree, or judgment.

Rescissory

Re*scis"so*ry (r?-s?z"?-r? ∨ r?-s?s"-), a. [L. rescissorius: cf. F. rescisoire.] Tending to rescind; rescinding.
To pass a general act rescissory (as it was called), annulling all the Parliaments that had been held since the year 1633. Bp. Burnet.

Rescous

Res"cous (r?s"k?s), n. [OE., fr. OF. rescousse, fr. rescourre, p. p. rescous, to rescue. See Rescue.]

1. Rescue; deliverance. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. (Law) See Rescue,2. [Obs.]

Rescowe

Res"cowe (r?s"kou), v. t. To rescue. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rescribe

Re*scribe" (r?-skr?b"), v. t. [L. rescribere; pref. re- re- + scribere to write. See Scribe.]

1. To write back; to write in reply. Ayliffe.

2. To write over again. Howell.

Rescript

Re"script (r?"skr?pt), n. [L. rescriptum: cf. F. rescrit, formerly also spelt rescript. See Rescribe,v. t.]

1. (Rom.Antiq.) The answer of an emperor when formallyconsulted by particular persons on some difficult question; hence, an edict or decree.

In their rescripts and other ordinances, the Roman emperors spoke in the plural number. Hare.

2. (R.C.Ch.) The official written answer of the pope upon a question of canon law, or morals.

3. A counterpart. Bouvier.

Rescription

Re*scrip"tion (r?-skr?p"sh?n), n. [L. rescriptio: cf. F. rescription. See Rescribe.] A writing back; the answering of a letter. Loveday.

Rescriptive

Re*scrip"tive (-t?v), a. Pertaining to, or answering the purpose of, a rescript; hence, deciding; settling; determining.

Rescriptively

Re*scrip"tive*ly, adv. By rescript. Burke.

Rescuable

Res"cu*a*ble (r?s"k?-?-b'l), a. That may be rescued.

Rescue

Res"cue (r?s"k?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rescued (-k?d);p. pr. & vb. n. Rescuing.] [OE. rescopuen, OF. rescourre, rescurre, rescorre; L. pref. re- re- + excutere to shake or drive out; ex out + quatere to shake. See Qtash to crush, Rercussion.] To free or deliver from any confinement, violence, danger, or evil; to liberate from actual restraint; to remove or withdraw from a state of exposure to evil; as, to rescue a prisoner from the enemy; to rescue seamen from destruction.
Had I been seized by a hungry lion, I would have been a breakfast to the best, Rather than have false Proteus rescue me. Shak.
Syn. -- To retake; recapture; free; deliver; liberate; release; save.

Rescue

Res"cue (r?s"k?), n. [From Rescue, v.; cf. Rescous.]

1. The act of rescuing; deliverance from restraint, violence, or danger; liberation.

Spur to the rescue of the noble Talbot. Shak.

2. (Law) (a) The forcible retaking, or taking away, against law, of things lawfully distrained. (b) The forcible liberation of a person from an arrest or imprisonment. (c) The retaking by a party captured of a prize made by the enemy. Bouvier.

The rescue of a prisoner from the court is punished with perpetual imprisonment and forfeiture of goods. Blackstone.
Rescue grass. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) A tall grass (Ceratochloa unioloides) somewhat resembling chess, cultivated for hay and forage in the Southern States.

Rescueless

Res"cue*less, a. Without rescue or release.

Rescuer

Res"cu*er (-k?-?r), n. One who rescues.

Rescussee

Res`cus*see" (r?s`k?s-s?"), n. (O.Eng. Law) The party in whose favor a rescue is made. Crabb.

Rescussor

Res*cus"sor (r?s-k?s"s?r), n. [LL.] (O.Eng.Law) One who makes an unlawful rescue; a rescuer. Burril.

Rese

Rese (r?z), v. i. To shake; to quake; to tremble. [Obs.] "It made all the gates for to rese." Chaucer.

Re-search

Re-search" (r?-s?rch"), v. t. [Pref. re- + search.] To search again; to examine anew.

Research

Re*search" (r?-s?rch"), n. [Pref. re- + search: cf OF. recerche, F. recherche.] Diligent inquiry or examination in seeking facts or principles; laborius or continued search after truth; as, researches of human wisdom.
The dearest interests of parties have frequently been staked on the results of the researches of antiquaries. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Investigation; examination; inquiry; scrutiny.

Research

Re*search", v. t. [Pref. re- + search: cf. OF. recerchier, F. rechercher.] To search or examine with continued care; to seek diligently.

Researcher

Re*search"er (-?r), n. One who researches.

Researchful

Re*search"ful (-f?l), a. Making researches; inquisitive. [R.] Coleridge.

Reseat

Re*seat" (r?-s?t"), v. t.

1. To seat or set again, as on a chair, throne, etc. Dryden.

2. To put a new seat, or new seats, in; as, to reseat a theater; to reseat a chair or trousers.

Resect

Re*sect" (r?-s?kt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Resected;p. pr. & vb. n. Resecting.] [L. resectus, p. p. of resecare to cut off; pref. re- re- + secare to cut.] To cut or pare off; to remove by cutting.

Resection

Re*sec"tion (r?-s?k"sh?n), n. [L. resectio: cf. F. r\'82section.]

1. The act of cutting or paring off. Cotgrave.

2. (Surg.) The removal of the articular extremity of a bone, or of the ends of the bones in a false articulation.

Reseda

Re*se"da (r?-s?"d?), n. [L. , a kind of plant.]

1. (Bot.) A genus of plants, the type of which is mignonette.

2. A grayish green color, like that of the flowers of mignonette.

Reseek

Re*seek" (r?-s?k"), v. t. To seek again. J. Barlow.

Reseize

Re*seize" (r?-s?z"), v. t. [Pref. re- + seize: cf. F. ressaisir.]

1. To seize again, or a second time.

2. To put in possession again; to reinstate.

And then therein [in his kingdom] reseized was again. Spenser.

3. (Law) To take possession of, as lands and tenements which have been disseized.

The sheriff is commanded to reseize the land and all the chattels thereon, and keep the same in his custody till the arrival of the justices of assize. Blackstone.

Reseizer

Re*seiz"er (-s?z"?r), n.

1. One who seizes again.

2. (Eng. Law) The taking of lands into the hands of the king where a general livery, or oustre le main, was formerly mis-sued, contrary to the form and order of law.

Reseizure

Re*sei"zure (r, n. A second seizure; the act of seizing again. Bacon.

Resell

Re*sell" (r?-s?l"), v. t. To sell again; to sell what has been bought or sold; to retail.

Resemblable

Re*sem"bla*ble (r?-z?m"bl?-b'l), a. [See Resemble.] Admitting of being compared; like. [Obs.] Gower.

Resemblance

Re*sem"blance (-blans), n. [Cf. F. ressemblance. See Resemble.]

1. The quality or state of resembling; likeness; similitude; similarity.

One main end of poetry and painting is to please; they bear a great resemblance to each other. Dryden.

2. That which resembles, or is similar; a representation; a likeness.

These sensible things, which religion hath allowed, are resemblances formed according to things spiritual. Hooker.

3. A comparison; a simile. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. Probability; verisimilitude. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- Likeness; similarity; similitude; semblance; representation; image.

Resemblant

Re*sem"blant (-blant), a. [F., a . and p. pr. fr. ressembler to resemble. See Resemble.] Having or exhibiting resemblance; resembling. [R.] Gower.

Resemble

Re*sem"ble (r?-z?m"b'l), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Resembled (-b'ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Resembling (-bl?ng).] [F. ressembler; pref. re- re- + sembler to seem, resemble, fr. L. similare, simulare, to imitate, fr. similis like, similar. See Similar.]

1. To be like or similar to; to bear the similitude of, either in appearance or qualities; as, these brothers resemble each other.

We will resemble you in that. Shak.

2. To liken; to compare; to represent as like. [Obs.]

The other . . . He did resemble to his lady bright. Spenser.

3. To counterfeit; to imitate. [Obs.] "They can so well resemble man's speech." Holland.

4. To cause to imitate or be like. [R.] H. Bushnell.

Resembler

Re*sem"bler (r?-z?m"bl?r), n. One who resembles.

Resemblingly

Re*sem"bling*ly (-bl?ng-l?), adv. So as to resemble; with resemblance or likeness.

Reseminate

Re*sem"i*nate (-s?m"?-n?t), v. t. [L. pref. re- again + seminatus, p. p. of seminare to sow.] To produce again by means of seed. [Obs.] Sir. T. Browne.

Resend

Re*send" (r?-s?nd"), v. t.

1. To send again; as, to resend a message.

2. To send back; as, to resend a gift. [Obs.] Shak.

3. (Telegraphy) To send on from an intermediate station by means of a repeater.

Resent

Re*sent" (r?-z?nt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Resented; p. pr. & vb. n. Resenting.] [F. ressentir; L. pref. re- re- + sentire to feel. See Sense.]

1. To be sensible of; to feel; as: (a) In a good sense, to take well; to receive with satisfaction. [Obs.]

Which makes the tragical ends of noble persons more favorably resented by compassionate readers. Sir T. Browne.
(b) In a bad sense, to take ill; to consider as an injury or affront; to be indignant at.

2. To express or exhibit displeasure or indignation at, as by words or acts.

The good prince King James . . . bore dishonorably what he might have resented safely. Bolingbroke.

3. To recognize; to perceive, especially as if by smelling; -- associated in meaning with sent, the older spelling of scent to smell. See Resent, v. i. [Obs.]

This bird of prey resented a worse than earthly savor in the soul of Saul. Fuller.
Our King Henry the Seventh quickly resented his drift. Fuller.

Resent

Re*sent", v. i.

1. To feel resentment. Swift.

2. To give forth an odor; to smell; to savor. [Obs.]

The judicious prelate will prefer a drop of the sincere milk of the word before vessels full of traditionary pottage resenting of the wild gourd of human invention. Fuller.

Resenter

Re*sent"er (-?r), n. One who resents. Sir H. Wotton.

Resentful

Re*sent"ful (-f?l), a. Inclined to resent; easily provoked to anger; irritable. -- Re*sent"ful*ly, adv.

Resentiment

Re*sent"i*ment (-?-ment), n. Resentment. [Obs.]

Resentingly

Re*sent"ing*ly, adv.

1. With deep sense or strong perception. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

2. With a sense of wrong or affront; with resentment.

Resentive

Re*sent"ive (-?v), a. Resentful. [R.] Thomson.

Resentment

Re*sent"ment (-ment), n. [F. ressentiment.]

1. The act of resenting.

2. The state of holding something in the mind as a subject of contemplation, or of being inclined to reflect upon something; a state consciousness; conviction; feeling; impression. [Obs.]

He retains vivid resentments of the more solid morality. Dr. H. More.
It is a greater wonder that so many of them die, with so little resentment of their danger. Jer. Taylor.

3. In a good sense, satisfaction; gratitude. [Obs.]

The Council taking notice of the many good services performed by Mr. John Milton, . . . have thought fit to declare their resentment and good acceptance of the same. The Council Book (1651).

4. In a bad sense, strong displeasure; anger; hostility provoked by a wrong or injury experienced.

Resentment . . . is a deep, reflective displeasure against the conduct of the offender. Cogan.
Syn. -- Anger; irritation; vexation; displeasure; grudge; indignation; choler; gall; ire; wrath; rage; fury. -- Resentment, Anger. Anger is the broader term, denoting a keen sense of disapprobation (usually with a desire to punish) for watever we feel to be wrong, whether directed toward ourselves or others. Reseniment is anger exicted by a sense of personal injury. It is, etymologically, that reaction of the mind which we instinctively feel when we think ourselves wronged. Pride and selfishness are apt to aggravate this feeling until it changes into a criminal animosity; and this is now the more common signification of the term. Being founded in a sense of injury, this feeling is hard to be removed; and hence the expressions bitter or implacable resentment. See Anger.
Anger is like A full-hot horse, who being allowed his way, Self-mettle tires him. Shak.
Can heavently minds such high resentment show, Or exercise their spite in human woe? Dryden.

Reserate

Res"er*ate (r?s"?r-?t), v. t. [L. reseratus, p. p. of reserare to unlock.] To unlock; to open. [Obs.] Boyle.

Reservance

Re*serv"ance (r?-z?rv"ans), n. Reservation. [R.]

Reservation

Res`er*va"tion (r?z`?r-v?"sh?n), n. [Cf. F. r\'82servation, LL. reservatio. See Reserve.]

1. The act of reserving, or keeping back; concealment, or withholding from disclosure; reserve. A. Smith.

With reservation of an hundred knights. Shak.
Make some reservation of your wrongs. Shak.

2. Something withheld, either not expressed or disclosed, or not given up or brought forward. Dryden.

3. A tract of the public land reserved for some special use, as for schools, for the use of Indians, etc. [U.S.]

4. The state of being reserved, or kept in store. Shak.

5. (Law) (a) A clause in an instrument by which some new thing is reserved out of the thing granted, and not in esse before. (b) A proviso. Kent. &hand; This term is often used in the same sense with exception, the technical distinction being disregarded.

6. (Eccl.) (a) The portion of the sacramental elements reserved for purposes of devotion and for the communion of the absent and sick. (b) A term of canon law, which signifies that the pope reserves to himself appointment to certain benefices. Mental reservation, the withholding, or failing to disclose, something that affects a statement, promise, etc., and which, if disclosed, would materially change its import.


Page 1225

Reservative

Re*serv"a*tive (r?-z?rv"?-t?v), a. Tending to reserve or keep; keeping; reserving.

Reservatory

Re*serv"a*to*ry (-t?-r?), n. [LL. reservatorium,fr. L. resservare. See Reserve, v. t., and cf. Reservior.] A place in which things are reserved or kept. Woodward.

Reserve

Re*serve" (r?-z?rv"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reserved. (zp. pr. & vb. n.
Reserving.] [F. r\'82server, L. reservare, reservatum; pref. re- re- + servare to keep. See Serve.]

1. To keep back; to retain; not to deliver, make over, or disclose. "I have reserved to myself nothing." Shak.

2. Hence, to keep in store for future or special use; to withhold from present use for another purpose or time; to keep; to retain. Gen. xxvii. 35.

Hast thou seen the treasures of the hail, which I have reserved against the time of trouble? Job xxxviii. 22,23.
Reserve your kind looks and language for private hours. Swift.

3. To make an exception of; to except. [R.]

Reserve

Re*serve", n. [F. r\'82serve.]

1. The act of reserving, or keeping back; reservation.

However any one may concur in the general scheme, it is still with certain reserves and deviations. Addison.

2. That which is reserved, or kept back, as for future use.

The virgins, besides the oil in their lamps, carried likewise a reserve in some other vessel for a continual supply. Tillotson.

3. That which is excepted; exception.

Each has some darling lust, which pleads for a reserve. Rogers.

4. Restraint of freedom in words or actions; backwardness; caution in personal behavior.

My soul, surprised, and from her sex disjoined, Left all reserve, and all the sex, behind. Prior.
The clergyman's shy and sensitive reserve had balked this scheme. Hawthorne.

5. A tract of land reserved, or set apart, for a particular purpose; as, the Connecticut Reserve in Ohio, originally set apart for the school fund of Connecticut; the Clergy Reserves in Canada, for the support of the clergy.

6. (Mil.) A body of troops in the rear of an army drawn up for battle, reserved to support the other lines as occasion may require; a force or body of troops kept for an exigency.

7. (Banking) Funds kept on hand to meet liabilities. In reserve, in keeping for other or future use; in store; as, he has large quantities of wheat in reserve; he has evidence or arguments in reserve. -- Reserve air. (Physiol.) Same as Supplemental air, under Supplemental. Syn. -- Reservation; retention; limitation; backwardness; reservedness; coldness; restraint; shyness; coyness; modesty.

Reserved

Re*served" (-z?rvd"), a.

1. Kept for future or special use, or for an exigency; as, reserved troops; a reserved seat in a theater.

2. Restrained from freedom in words or actions; backward, or cautious, in communicating one's thoughts and feelings; not free or frank.

To all obliging, yet reserved to all. Walsh.
Nothing reserved or sullen was to see. Dryden.
-- Re*serv"ed*ly (r, adv. -- Re*serv"ed*ness, n.

Reservee

Res`er*vee" (r?z`?r-v?"), n. One to, or for, whom anything is reserved; -- contrasted with reservor.

Reserver

Re*serv"er (r?-z?rv"?r), n. One who reserves.

Reservist

Re*serv"ist, n. A member of a reserve force of soldiers or militia. [Eng.]

Reservior

Res"er*vior` (r?z"?r-vw?r`;277), n. [F. r\'82servoir, fr. LL. reservatorium. See Reservatory.]

1. A place where anything is kept in store; especially, a place where water is collected and kept for use when wanted, as to supply a fountain, a canal, or a city by means of aqueducts, or to drive a mill wheel, or the like.

2. (Bot.) A small intercellular space, often containing Receiving reservoir (Water Works), a principal reservoir into which an aqueduct or rising main delivers water, and from which a distributing reservoir draws its supply.

Reservor

Re*serv"or (r?-z?rv"?r ∨ r?z`?r-v?r), n. One who reserves; a reserver.

Reset

Re*set" (r?-s?t"), v. t. To set again; as, to reset type; to reset copy; to reset a diamond.

Reset

Re"set (r?"s?t), n.

1. The act of resetting.

2. (Print.) That which is reset; matter set up again.

Reset

Re*set" (r?-s?t"), n. [OF. recete, recepte, a receiving. Cf. Receipt.] (Scots Law) The receiving of stolen goods, or harboring an outlaw. Jamieson.

Reset

Re*set", v. t. (Scots Law) To harbor or secrete; to hide, as stolen goods or a criminal.
We shall see if an English hound is to harbor and reset the Southrons here. Sir. W. Scott.

Resetter

Re*set"ter (-t?r), n. (Scots Law) One who receives or conceals, as stolen goods or criminal.

Resetter

Re*set"ter (r?-S?t"t?r), n. One who resets, or sets again.

Resettle

Re*set"tle (r?-s?t"t'l), v. t. To settle again. Swift.

Resettle

Re*set"tle, v. i. To settle again, or a second time.

Resettlement

Re*set"tle*ment (-ment), n. Act of settling again, or state of being settled again; as, the resettlement of lees.
The resettlement of my discomposed soul. Norris.

Reshape

Re*shape" (r?-sh?p"), v. t. To shape again.

Reship

Re*ship" (r?-sh?p"), v. t. To ship again; to put on board of a vessel a second time; to send on a second voyage; as, to reship bonded merchandise.

Reship

Re*ship", v. i. To engage one's self again for service on board of a vessel after having been discharged.

Reshipment

Re*ship"ment (-ment), n. The act of reshipping; also, that which is reshippped.

Reshipper

Re*ship"per (-p?r), n. One who reships.

Resiance

Res`i*ance (r?z"?-ans), n. [LL. reseantia, reseance.] Residence; abode. [Obs.] Bacon.

Resiant

Res"i*ant (-ant), a. [OF. reseant, resseant, L. residens. See Resident.] Resident; present in a place. [Obs.]
In which her kingdom's throne is chiefly resiant. Spenser.

Resiant

Res"i*ant, n. A resident. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

Reside

Re*side" (r?-z?d"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Resided; p. pr. & vb. n. Residing.] [F. r\'82sider, L. residere; pref. re- re- + sedere to sit. See Sit. ]

1. To dwell permanently or for a considerable time; to have a settled abode for a time; to abide continuosly; to have one's domicile of home; to remain for a long time.

At the moated grange, resides this dejected Mariana. Shak.
In no fixed place the happy souls reside. Dryden.

2. To have a seat or fixed position; to inhere; to lie or be as in attribute or element.

In such like acts, the duty and virtue of contentedness doth especially reside. Barrow.

3. To sink; to settle, as sediment. [Obs.] Boyle. Syn. -- To dwell; inhabit; sojourn; abide; remain; live; domiciliate; domicile.

Residence

Res"i*dence (r?z"?-dens), n. [F. r\'82sidence. See Resident.]

1. The act or fact of residing, abiding, or dwelling in a place for some continuance of time; as, the residence of an American in France or Italy for a year.

The confessor had often made considerable residences in Normandy. Sir M. Hale.

2. The place where one resides; an abode; a dwelling or habitation; esp., a settled or permanent home or domicile. "Near the residence of Posthumus." Shak.

Johnson took up his residence in London. Macaulay.

3. (Eng.Eccl.Law) The residing of an incumbent on his benefice; -- opposed to nonresidence.

4. The place where anything rests permanently.

But when a king sets himself to bandy against the highest court and residence of all his regal power, he then, . . . fights against his own majesty and kingship. Milton.

5. Subsidence, as of a sediment. [Obs.] Bacon.

6. That which falls to the bottom of liquors; sediment; also, refuse; residuum. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. Syn. -- Domiciliation; sojourn; stay; abode; home; dwelling; habitation; domicile; mansion.

Resedency

Res"e*den*cy (-den-s?), n.

1. Residence. [Obsoles.]

2. A political agency at a native court in British India, held by an officer styled the Residentl: also, a Dutch commercial colony or province in the East Indies.

Resident

Res"i*dent (-dent), a. [F. r\'82sident, L. residens, -entis, p. pr. of residere. See Reside.]

1. Dwelling, or having an abode, in a place for a continued length of time; residing on one's own estate; -- opposed to nonresident; as, resident in the city or in the country.

2. Fixed; stable; certain. [Obs.] "Stable and resident like a rock." Jer. TAylor.

One there still resident as day and night. Davenant.

Resident

Res"i*dent, n.

1. One who resides or dwells in a place for some time.

2. A diplomatic representative who resides at a foreign court; -- a term usualy applied to ministers of a rank inferrior to that of ambassadors. See the Note under Minister,4.

Residenter

Res"i*dent*er (-$r), n. A resident. [Obs. or Colloq.]

Residential

Res`i*den""tial (-d?n"shal), a.

1. Of or pertaining to a residence or residents; as, residential trade.

2. Residing; residentiary. [R.]

Residentiary

Res`i*den"tia*ry (-d?n"sh?-r?; 277), a. [LL. residentiaris.] Having residence; as, a canon residentary; a residentiary guardian. Dr. H. More.

Residentiary

Res`i*den"tia*ry, n.

1. One who is resident.

The residentiary, or the frequent visitor of the favored spot, . . . will discover that both have been there. Coleridge.

2. An ecclesiastic who keeps a certain residence. Syn. -- Inhabitant; inhabiter; dweller; sojourner.

Residentiaryship

Res`i*den"tia*ry*ship, n. The office or condition of a residentiary.

Residentship

Res"i*dent*ship (r?z"?-dent-sh?p), n. The office or condition of a resident.

Resider

Re*sid"er (r?-z?d"?r), n. One who resides in a place.

Residual

Re*sid"u*al (r?-z?d"?-al), a. [See Residue.] Pertaining to a residue; remaining after a part is taken. Residual air (Physiol.), that portion of air contained in the lungs which can not be expelled even by the most violent expiratory effort. It amounts to from 75 to 100 cubic inches. Cf. Supplemental air, under Supplemental. -- Residual error. (Mensuration) See Error, 6 (b). -- Residual figure (Geom.), the figure which remains after a less figure has been taken from a greater one. -- Residual magnetism (Physics), remanent magnetism. See under Remanent. -- Residual product, a by product, as cotton waste from a cotton mill, coke and coal tar from gas works, etc. -- Residual quantity (Alg.), a binomial quantity the two parts of which are connected by the negative sign, as a-b. -- Residual root (Alg.), the root of a residual quantity, as &root;(a-b).

Residual

Re*sid"u*al, n. (Math.) (a) The difference of the results obtained by observation, and by computation from a formula. (b) The difference between the mean of several observations and any one of them.

Residuary

Re*sid"u*a*ry (-?-r?), a. [See Residue.] Consisting of residue; as, residuary matter; pertaining to the residue, or part remaining; as, the residuary advantage of an estate. Ayliffe. Residuary clause (Law), that part of the testator's will in which the residue of his estate is disposed of. -- Residuary devise (Law), the person to whom the residue of real estate is devised by a will. -- Residuary legatee (Law), the person to whom the residue of personal estate is bequeathed.

Residue

Res"i*due (r?z"?-d?), n. [F. r\'82sidu, L. residuum, fr. residuus that is left behind, remaining, fr. residere to remain behind. See Reside, and cf. Residuum.]

1. That which remains after a part is taken, separated, removed, or designated; remnant; remainder.

The residue of them will I deliver to the sword. Jer. xv. 9.
If church power had then prevailed over its victims, not a residue of English liberty would have been saved. I. Taylor.

2. (Law) That part of a testeator's estate wwhich is not disposed of in his will by particular and special legacies and devises, and which remains after payment of debts and legacies.

3. (Chem.) That which remains of a molecule after the removal of a portion of its constituents; hence, an atom or group regarded as a portion of a molecule; -- used as nearly equivalent to radical, but in a more general sense.<-- also moiety --> &hand; The term radical is sometimes restricted to groups containing carbon, the term residue being applied to the others.

4. (Theory of Numbers) Any positive or negative number that differs from a given number by a multiple of a given modulus; thus, if 7 is the modulus, and 9 the given number, the numbers -5, 2, 16, 23, etc., are residues. Syn. -- Rest; remainder; remnant; balance; residuum; remains; leavings; relics.

Residuous

Re*sid"u*ous (r?-z?d"?-?s), a. [L. residuus.] Remaining; residual. Landor.

Residuum

Re*sid"u*um (-?m), n. [L. See Residue.] That which is left after any process of separation or purification; that which remains after certain specified deductions are made; residue.
"I think so," is the whole residuum . . . after evaporating the prodigious pretensions of the zealot demagogue. L. Taylor.

Resiege

Re*siege" (r?-s?j"), v. t. [Pref. re- + siege a seat.] To seat again; to reinstate. [Obs.] Spenser.

Re-sign

Re-sign" (r?-s?n"), v. t. [Pref. re- + sign.] To affix one's signature to, a second time; to sign again.

Resign

Re*sign" (r?-z?n"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Resigned (-z?nd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Resigning.] [F. r\'82signer, L. resignare to unseal, annul, assign, resign; pref. re- re- + signare to seal, stamp. See Sign, and cf. Resignation.]

1. To sign back; to return by a formal act; to yield to another; to surrender; -- said especially of office or emolument. Hence, to give up; to yield; to submit; -- said of the wishes or will, or of something valued; -- also often used reflexively.

I here resign my government to thee. Shak.
Lament not, Eve, but patiently resign What justly thou hast lost. Milton.
What more reasonable, than that we should in all things resign up ourselves to the will of God? Tiilotson.

2. To relinquish; to abandon.

He soon resigned his former suit. Spenser.

3. To commit to the care of; to consign. [Obs.]

Gentlement of quality have been sent beyong the seas, resigned and concredited to the conduct of such as they call governors. Evelyn.
Syn. -- To abdicate; surrender; submit; leave; relinquish; forego; quit; forsake; abandon; renounce. -- Resign, Relinquish. To resign is to give up, as if breaking a seal and yielding all it had secured; hence, it marks a formal and deliberate surrender. To relinquish is less formal, but always implies abandonment and that the thing given up has been long an object of pursuit, and, usually, that it has been prized and desired. We resign what we once held or considered as our own, as an office, employment, etc. We speak of relinquishing a claim, of relinquishing some advantage we had sought or enjoyed, of relinquishing seme right, privilege, etc. "Men are weary with the toil which they bear, but can not find it in their hearts to relinquish it." Steele. See Abdicate.

Re sign

Re sign", n. Resignation. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.

Resignation

Res`ig*na"tion (r?z`?g-n?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82signation. See Resign.]

1. The act of resigning or giving up, as a claim, possession, office, or the like; surrender; as, the resignation of a crown or comission.

2. The state of being resigned or submissive; quiet or patient submission; unresisting acquiescence; as, resignation to the will and providence of God. Syn. -- Patience; surrender; relinquisment; forsaking; abandonment; abdication; renunciation; submission; acquiescence; endurance. See Patience.

Resigned

Re*signed" (r?-z?nd"), a. Submissive; yielding; not disposed to resist or murmur.
A firm, yet cautious mind; Sincere, thought prudent; constant, yet resigned. Pope.

Resignedly

Re*sign"ed*ly (r?-z?n"?d-l?), adv. With submission.

Resignee

Res`ign*ee" (r?z`?-n?"), n. One to whom anything is resigned, or in whose favor a resignation is made.

Resigner

Re*sign"er (r?-z?n"?r), n. One who resigns.

Resignment

Re*sign"ment (-ment), n. The act of resigning.

Resile

Re*sile" (r?-z?l"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Resiled (-z?ld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Resiling.] [L. resilire to leap or spring back; pref. re- re- + salire to leap, spring. See Salient.] To start back; to recoil; to recede from a purpose. J. Ellis.

Resilience r-zl-ens, Resiliency

Re*sil"i*ence (r?-z?l"?-ens), Re*sil"i*en*cy (-en-s?), n.

1. The act of resiling, springing back, or rebounding; as, the resilience of a ball or of sound.

2. (Mech. & Engyn.) The mechanical work required to strain an elastic body, as a deflected beam, stretched spring, etc., to the elastic limit; also, the work performed by the body in recovering from such strain.

Resilient

Re*sil"i*ent (-ent), a. [L. resiliens, p. pr.] Leaping back; rebounding; recoling.

Resilition

Res`i*li"tion (r?z`?-l?sh"?n), n. Resilience. [R.]

Resin

Res"in (r?z"?n), n. [F. r\'82sine, L. resina; cf. Gr. "rhti`nh Cf. Rosin.] Any one of a class of yellowish brown solid inflammable substances, of vegetable origin, which are nonconductors of electricity, have a vitreous fracture, and are soluble in ether, alcohol, and essential oils, but not in water; specif., pine resin (see Rosin). &hand; Resins exude from trees in combination with essential oils, gums, etc., and in a liquid or semiliquid state. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and are supposed to be formed by the oxidation of the essential oils. Copal, mastic, quaiacum, and colophony or pine resin, are some of them. When mixed with gum, they form the gum resins, like asafetida and gamboge; mixed with essential oils, they frorm balsams, or oleoresins. Highgate resin (Min.), a fossil resin resembling copal, occuring in blue clay at Highgate, near London. -- Resin bush (Bot.), a low composite shrub (Euryops speciosissimus) of South Africa, having smooth pinnately parted leaves and abounding in resin.

Resinaceous

Res`in*a"ceous (-?"sh?s), a. Having the quality of resin; resinous.

Resinate

Res"in*ate (r?z"?n-?t), n. (Chem.) Any one of the salts the resinic acids.
Page 1226

Resinic

Re*sin"ic (r?-z?n"?k), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, resin; as, the resinic acids.

Resiniferous

Res`in*if"er*ous (r?z`?n-?f"?r-?s), a. [Resin + -ferous: cf. F. r\'82sinif\'8are.] Yielding resin; as, a resiniferous tree or vessel.

Resiniform

Res"in*i*form (r?z"?n-?-f?rm), a. [Resin + -form: cf. F. r\'82siniforme.] Having the form of resin.

Resino-electric

Res`in*o-e*lec"tric (-?-?-l?k"tr?k), a. (Elec.) Containing or exhibiting resinous electricity.

Resinoid

Res"in*oid (r?z"?n-oid), a. Somewhat like resin.

Resinous

Res"in*ous (-?s), a. [L. resinous: cf. F. r\'82sineux. See Resin.] Of or pertaining to resin; of the nature of resin; resembling or obtained from resin. Resinous electricity (Elec.), electricity which is exited by rubbing bodies of the resinous kind. See Negative electricity, under Negative.

Resinously

Res"in*ous*ly, adv. By means, or in the manner, of resin.

Resinousness

Res"in*ous*ness, n. The quality of being resinous.

Resiny

Res"in*y (-?), a. Like resin; resinous.

Resipiscence

Res`i*pis"cence (r?s`?-p?s"sens), n. [L. resipiscentia, from resipiscere to recover one's senses: cf. F. r\'82sipiscence.] Wisdom derived from severe experience; hence, repentance. [R.] Bp. Montagu.

Resist

Re*sist" (r?-z?stt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Resisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Resisting.] [F. r\'82sister, L. resistere, pref. re- re- + sistere to stand, cause to stand, v. causative of stare to stand. See Stand.]

1. To stand against; to withstand; to obstruct.

That mortal dint, Save He who reigns above, none can resist. Milton.

2. To strive against; to endeavor to counteract, defeat, or frustrate; to act in opposition to; to oppose.

God resisteth the proud. James iv. 6.
Contrary to his high will Whom we resist. Milton.

3. To counteract, as a force, by inertia or reaction.

4. To be distasteful to. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- To withstand; oppose; hinder; obstruct; counteract; check; thwart; baffle; disappoint.

Resist

Re*sist", v. i. To make opposition. Shak.

Resist

Re*sist", n. (Calico Printing) A substance used to prevent a color or mordant from fixing on those parts to which it has been applied, either by acting machanically in preventing the color, etc., from reaching the cloth, or chemically in changing the color so as to render it incapable of fixing itself in the fibers.. The pastes prepared for this purpose are called resist pastes. F. C. Calvert.

Resistance

Re*sist"ance (-ans), n. [F. r\'82sistance, LL. resistentia, fr. resistens, - entis, p. pr. See Resist.]

1. The act of resisting; opposition, passive or active.

When King Demetrius saw that . . . no resistance was made against him, he sent away all his forces. 1. Macc. xi. 38.

2. (Physics) The quality of not yielding to force or external pressure; that power of a body which acts in opposition to the impulse or pressure of another, or which prevents the effect of another power; as, the resistance of the air to a body passing through it; the resistance of a target to projectiles.

3. A means or method of resisting; that which resists.

Unfold to us some warlike resistance. Shak.

4. (Elec.) A certain hindrance or opposition to the passage of an electrical current or discharge offered by conducting bodies. It bears an inverse relation to the conductivity, -- good conductors having a small resistance, while poor conductors or insulators have a very high resistance. The unit of resistance is the ohm. Resistance box (Elec.), a rheostat consisting of a box or case containing a number of resistance coils of standard values so arranged that they can be combined in various ways to afford more or less resistance. -- Resistance coil (Elec.), a coil of wire introduced into an electric circuit to increase the resistance. -- Solid of least resistance (Mech.), a solid of such a form as to experience, in moving in a fluid, less resistance than any other solid having the same base, height, and volume.

Resistant

Re*sist"ant (-ant), a. [F. r\'82sistant: cf. L. resistens. See Resist.] Making resistance; resisting. -- n. One who, or that which, resists. Bp. Pearson.

Resister

Re*sist"er (-?r), n. One who resists.

Resistful

Re*sist"ful (-f?l), a. Making much resistance.

Resistibility

Re*sist`i*bil"i*ty (-?-b?l"?-t?), n..

1. The quality of being resistible; resistibleness.

2. The quality of being resistant; resitstance.

The name "body" being the complex idea of extension and resistibility together in the same subject. Locke.

Resistible

Re*sist"i*ble (r?-z?st"?-b'l), a. [Cf. F. r\'82sistible.] Capable of being resisted; as, a resistible force. Sir M. Hale. -- Re*sist"i*ble*ness, n. -- Re*sist"i*bly, adv.

Resisting

Re*sist"ing, a. Making resistance; opposing; as, a resisting medium. -- Re*sist"ing ly, adv.

Resistive

Re*sist"ive (-?v), a. Serving to resist. B. Jonsosn.

Resistless

Re*sist"less, a.

1. Having no power to resist; making no opposition. [Obs. or R.] Spenser.

2. Incapable of being resisted; irresistible.

Masters' commands come with a power resistless To such as owe them absolute subjection. Milton.
-- Re*sist"less*ly, adv. -- Re*sist"less*ness, n.

Resoluble

Res"o*lu*ble (r?z"?-l?-b'l), a.[L. resolubolis: cf. F. r\'82soluble. See Resolve, and cf. Resolvable.] Admitting of being resolved; resolvable; as, bodies resoluble by fire. Boyle. -- Res"o*lu*ble*ness, n.

Resolute

Res"o*lute (r?z"?-l?t), a. [Cf. F. r\'82solu. The L. resolutus (p. p. of resolvere) means, relaxed, enervated, effeminate. See Resolve, v. t. & i.]

1. Having a decided purpose; determined; resolved; fixed in a determination; hence, bold; firm; steady.

Edward is at hand, Ready to fight; therefore be resolute. Shak.

2. Convinced; satisfied; sure. [Obs.]

3. Resolving, or explaining; as, the Resolute Doctor Durand. [Obs.] Syn. -- Determined; decided; fixed; steadfast; steady; constant; persevering; firm; bold; unshaken.

Resolute

Res"o*lute (r?z"?-l?t), n.

1. One who [Obs.] Shak.

2. Redelivery; repayment. [Obs.] "Yearly resolutes, deductions, and payments." Bp. Burnet.

Resolutely

Res"o*lute*ly, adv. In a resolute manner; with fixed purpose; boldly; firmly; steadily; with perseverance.
Some.. facts he examines, some he resolutely denies. Swift.

Resoluteness

Res"o*lute*ness, n. The quality of being resolute.

Resolution

Res`o*lu"tion (-l?"sh?n), n. [F. r\'82solution. L. resolutio a loosening, solution. See Resolve.]

1. The act, operation, or process of resolving. Specifically: (a) The act of separating a compound into its elements or component parts. (b) The act of analyzing a complex notion, or solving a vexed question or difficult problem.

The unraveling and resolution of the difficulties that are met with in the execution of the design are the end of an action. Dryden.

2. The state of being relaxed; relaxation. [Obs.]

3. The state of being resolved, settled, or determined; firmness; steadiness; constancy; determination.

Be it with resolution then to fight. Shak.

4. That which is resolved or determined; a settled purpose; determination. Specifically: A formal expression of the opinion or will of an official body or a public assembly, adopted by vote; as, a legislative resolution; the resolutions of a public meeting.

5. The state of being resolved or firm in opinion or thought; conviction; assurance. [Obs.]

Little resolution and certainty there is as touching the islands of Mauritania. Holland.

6. (Math.) The act or process of solving; solution; as, the resolution of an equation or problem.

7. (Med.) A breaking up, disappearance; or termination, as of a fever, a tumor, or the like.

8. (Mus.) The passing of a dissonant into a consonant chord by the rising or falling of the note which makes the discord. Joint resolution. See under Joint, a. -- Resolution of a force ∨ motion (Mech.), the separation of a single force or motion into two or more which have different directions, and, taken together, are an equivalent for the single one; -- the opposite of composition of a force. -- Resolution of a nebula (Astron.), the exhibition of it to the eye by a telescope of such power as to show it to be composed of small stars. Syn. -- Decision; analysis; separation; disentanglement; dissolution; resolvedness; resoluteness; firmness; constancy; perseverance; steadfastness; fortitude; boldness; purpose; resolve. See Decision.

Resolutioner

Res`o*lu"tion*er (-?r), n. One who makes a resolution; one who joins with others in a declaration or resolution; specifically, one of a party in the Scottish Church in the 17th century.
He was sequestrated afterwards as a Resolutioner. Sir W. Scott.

Resolutionist

Res`o*lu"tion*ist, n. One who makes a resolution.

Resolutive

Res"o*lu`tive (r?z"?-lu`t?v), a. [Cf.F. r\'82solutif.] Serving to dissolve or relax. [R.] Johnson.

Resolutory

Res"o*lu*to*ry (r?z"?-l?-t?-r?), a. Resolutive. [R.]

Resolvability

Re*solv`a*bil"i*ty (r?-z?lv`?-b?l"?-t?), n. The quality or condition of being resolvable; resolvableness.

Resolvable

Re*solv"a*ble (r?-z?lv"?-b'l), a. [See Resolve, and cf. Resoluble.] Admitting of being resolved; admitting separation into constituent parts, or reduction to first principles; admitting solution or explanation; as, resolvable compounds; resolvable ideas or difficulties.

Resolvableness

Re*solv"a*ble*ness, n. The quality of being resolvable; resolvability.

Resolve

Re*solve" (r?*z?lv"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Resolved (-z?lvd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Resolving.] [L. resolvere, resolutum, to untie, loosen, relax, enfeeble; pref. re- re- + solvere to loosen, dissolve: cf. F. r\'82soudare to resolve. See Solve, and cf. Resolve, v. i., Resolute, Resolution.]

1. To separate the component parts of; to reduce to the constituent elements; -- said of compound substances; hence, sometimes, to melt, or dissolve.

O, that this too too solid flesh would melt, Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew! Shak.
Ye immortal souls, who once were men, And now resolved to elements again. Dryden.

2. To reduce to simple or intelligible notions; -- said of complex ideas or obscure questions; to make clear or certain; to free from doubt; to disentangle; to unravel; to explain; hence, to clear up, or dispel, as doubt; as, to resolve a riddle. "Resolve my doubt." Shak.

To the resolving whereof we must first know that the Jews were commanded to divorce an unbelieving Gentile. Milton.

3. To cause to perceive or understand; to acquaint; to inform; to convince; to assure; to make certain.

Sir, be resolved. I must and will come. Beau & Fl.
Resolve me, Reason, which of these is worse, Want with a full, or with an empty purse? Pope.
In health, good air, pleasure, riches, I am resolved it can not be equaled by any region. Sir W. Raleigh.
We must be resolved how the law can be pure and perspicuous, and yet throw a polluted skirt over these Eleusinian mysteries. Milton.

4. To determine or decide in purpose; to make ready in mind; to fix; to settle; as, he was resolved by an unexpected event.

5. To express, as an opinion or determination, by resolution and vote; to declare or decide by a formal vote; -- followed by a clause; as, the house resolved (or, it was resolved by the house) that no money should be apropriated (or, to appropriate no money).

6. To change or convert by resolution or formal vote; -- used only reflexively; as, the house resolved itself into a committee of the whole.

7. (Math.) To solve, as a problem, by enumerating the several things to be done, in order to obtain what is required; to find the answer to, or the result of. Hutton.

8. (Med.) To dispere or scatter; to discuss, as an inflammation or a tumor.

9. (Mus.) To let the tones (as of a discord) follow their several tendencies, resulting in a concord.

10. To relax; to lay at ease. [Obs.] B. Jonson. To resolve a nebula.(Astron.) See Resolution of a nebula, under Resolution. Syn. -- To solve; analyze; unravel; disentangle.

Resolve

Re*solve" (r?-z?lv"), v. i. [The sense "to be convinced, to determine" comes from the idea of loosening, breaking up into parts, analyzing, hence, determining.]

1. To be separated into its component parts or distinct principles; to undergo resolution.

2. To melt; to dissolve; to become fluid.

When the blood stagnates in any part, it first coagulates, then resolves, and turns alkaline. Arbuthhnot.

3. To be settled in opinion; to be convinced. [R.]

Let men resolve of that as they plaease. Locke.

4. To form a purpose; to make a decision; especially, to determine after reflection; as, to resolve on a better course of life. Syn. -- To determine; decide; conclude; purpose.

Resolve

Re*solve", n.

1. The act of resolving or making clear; resolution; solution. "To give a full resolve of that which is so much controverted." Milton.

2. That which has been resolved on or determined; decisive conclusion; fixed purpose; determination; also, legal or official determination; a legislative declaration; a resolution.

Nor is your firm resolve unknown. Shak.
C\'91sar's approach has summoned us together, And Rome attends her fate from our resolves. Addison.

Resolved

Re*solved" (r?-z?lvd"), p. p. & a. Having a fixed purpose; determined; resolute; -- usually placed after its noun; as, a man resolved to be rich.
That makes him a resolved enemy. Jer. Taylor.
I am resolved she shall not settle here. Fielding.

Resolvedly

Re*solv"ed*ly (r?z?lv"?d-l?), adv.

1. So as to resolve or clear up difficulties; clearly. [Obs.]

Of that, and all the progress, more or less, Resolvedly more leisure shall express. Shak.

2. Resolutely; decidedly; firmly. Grew.

Resolvedness

Re*solv"ed*ness, n. Fixedness of purpose; firmness; resolution. Dr. H. More.

Resolvent

Re*solv"ent (-ent), a. Having power to resolve; causing solution; solvent.

Resolvent

Re*solv"ent, n. [L. resolvens, p. pr. of resolvere: cf. F. r\'82solvant. See Resolve.]

1. That which has the power of resolving, or causing solution; a solvent.

2. (Med.) That which has power to disperse inflammatory or other tumors; a discutient; anything which aids the absorption of effused products. Coxe.

3. (Math.) An equation upon whose solution the solution of a given pproblem depends.

Resolver

Re*solv"er (r?-z?lv"?r), n.

1. That which decomposes, or dissolves. Boyle.

2. That which clears up and removes difficulties, and makes the mind certain or determined. Bp. Burnet.

3. One who resolves, or formal a firm purpose.

Resonance

Res"o*nance (r?z"?-nans), n. [Cf. F. r\'82sonance, L. resonantia an echo.]

1. The act of resounding; the quality or state of being resonant.

2. (Acoustics) A prolongation or increase of any sound, eithar by reflection, as in a cavern or apartment the walls of which are not distant enough to return a distinct echo, or by the production of vibrations in other bodies, as a sounding-board, or the bodies of musical instruments. Pulmonary resonance (Med.), the sound heard on percussing over the lungs. -- Vocal resonance (Med.), the sound transmitted to the ear when auscultation is made while the patient is speaking.

Resonancy

Res"o*nan*cy (-nan-s?), n. Resonance.

Resonant

Res"o*nant (-nant), a. [L. resonans, p. pr. of resonare to resound: cf. F. r\'82sonnant. See Resound.] Returning, or capable of returning, sound; fitted to resound; resounding; echoing back.
Through every hour of the golden morning, the streets were resonant with female parties of young and old. De Quincey.

Resonantly

Res"o*nant*ly, adv. In a reasonant manner.

Resonator

Res"o*na`tor (-n?`t?r), n. (Acoustics) Anything which resounds; specifically, a vessel in the form of a cylinder open at one end, or a hollow ball of brass with two apertures, so contrived as to greatly intensify a musical tone by its resonance. It is used for the study and analysis of complex sounds.

Resorb

Re*sorb" (r?-s?rb"), v. t. [L. reorbere; pref. re- re- + sorbere to suck or drink in.] To swallow up.
Now lifted by the tide, and now resorbed. Young.

Resorbent

Re*sorb"ent (-ent), a. [L. resorbens, p. pr. of resorbere.] Swallowing up. Wodhull.

Resorcin

Res*or"cin (r?z-?r"s?n), n. [Resin + orcin. So called because in its higher homologue it resembles orcin.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance of the phenol series, obtained by melting certain resins, as galbanum, asafetida, etc., with caustic potash. It is also produced artificially and used in making certain dyestuffs, as phthale\'8bn, fluoresce\'8bn, and eosin.

Resorcylic

Res`or*cyl"ic (r?z`?r-s?l"?k), a. (Chem.) Of, or pertaining to, or producing, resorcin; as, resorcylic acid.

Resorption

Re*sorp"tion (r?*s?rp"sh?n), n. The act of resorbing; also, the act of absorbing again; reabsorption.

Resort

Re*sort" (r?*z?rt"), n. [F. ressort.] Active power or movement; spring. [A Gallicism] [Obs.]
Some . . . know the resorts and falls of business that can not sink into the main of it. Bacon.

Resort

Re*sort", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Resorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Resorting.] [OF. resortir to withdraw, take refuge, F. ressortir to be in the jurisdiction, LL. resortire; pref. re- re- + L. sortiri to draw lots, obtain by lot, from sors lot. See Sort. The meaning is first to reobtain (by lot), then to gain by appeal to a higher court (as a law term), to appeal, go for protection or refuge.]

1. To go; to repair; to betake one's self.

What men name resort to him? Shak.

2. To fall back; to revert. [Obs.]

The inheritance of the son never resorted to the mother, or to any of her ancestors. Sir M. Hale.

Page 1227

3. To have recourse; to apply; to one's self for help, relief, or advantage.

The king thought it time to resort to other counsels. Clarendon.

Resort

Re*sort" (r?*z?rt"), n. [Cf. F. ressort jurisdiction. See Resort, v.]

1. The act of going to, or making application; a betaking one's self; the act of visiting or seeking; recourse; as, a place of popular resort; -- often figuratively; as, to have resort to force.

Join with me to forbid him her resort. Shak.

2. A place to which one betakes himself habitually; a place of frequent assembly; a haunt.

Far from all resort of mirth. Milton.

3. That to which one resorts or looks for help; resource; refuge. Last resort, ultimate means of relief; also, final tribunal; that from which there is no appeal.

Resorter

Re*sort"er (-?r), n. One who resorts; a frequenter.

Resoun

Re*soun" (r?*z??n"), n. Reason. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Resoun

Re*soun", v. i. & t. To resound. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Re-sound

Re-sound" (r?*sound"), v. t. & i. [Pref. re- + sound.] To sound again or anew.

Resound

Re*sound" (r?*zound"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Resounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Resounding.] [OE. resounen, OF. resoner, F. r\'82sonner, from L. resonare; pref. re- re- + sonare to sound, sonus sound. See Sound to make a noise.]

1. To sound loudly; as, his voice resounded far.

2. To be filled with sound; to ring; as, the woods resound with song.

3. To be echoed; to be sent back, as sound. "Common fame . . . resounds back to them again." South.

4. To be mentioned much and loudly. Milton.

5. To echo or reverberate; to be resonant; as, the earth resounded with his praise.

Resound

Re*sound", v. t.

1. To throw back, or return, the sound of; to echo; to reverberate.

Albion's cliffs resound the rurPope.

2. To praise or celebrate with the voice, or the sound of instruments; to extol with sounds; to spread the fame of.

The man for wisdom's various arts renowned, Long exercised in woes, O muse, resound. Pope.
Syn. -- To echo; re\'89cho; reverberate; sound.

Resound

Re*sound", n. Return of sound; echo. Beaumont.

Resource

Re*source" (r?*s?rs"), n. [F. ressource, fr. OF. ressourdre, resourdre, to spring forth or up again; pref. re- re- + sourdre to spring forth. See Source.]

1. That to which one resorts orr on which one depends for supply or support; means of overcoming a difficulty; resort; expedient.

Threat'nings mixed with prayers, his last resource. Dryden.

2. pl. Pecuniary means; funds; money, or any property that can be converted into supplies; available means or capabilities of any kind.

Scotland by no means escaped the fate ordained for every country which is connected, but not incorporated, with another country of greater resources. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Expedient; resort; means; contrivance.

Resourceful

Re*source"ful (-f?l), a. Full of resources.

Resourceless

Re*source"less, a. Destitute of resources. Burke. -- Re*source"less*ness, n. R. Browning.

Resow

Re*sow" (r?*s?"), v. t. To sow again. Bacon.

Resown

Re*sown" (r?*zoun"), v. To resound. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Respeak

Re*speak" (r?*sp?k"), v. t.

1. To speak or utter again.

2. To answer; to echo. [Obs. or Poetic] Shak.

Respect

Re*spect" (r?*sp?kt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Respected; p. pr. & vb. n. Respecting.] [L. respectare, v. intens. from respicere, respectum, to look back, respect; pref. re- re- + specere, spicere, to look, to view: cf. F. respecter. See Spy, and cf. Respite.]

1. To take notice of; to regard with special attention; to regard as worthy of special consideration; hence, to care for; to heed.

Thou respectest not spilling Edward's blood. Shak.
In orchards and gardens, we do not so much respect beauty as variety of ground for fruits, trees, and herbs. Bacon.

2. To consider worthy of esteem; to regard with honor. "I do respect thee as my soul." Shak.

3. To look toward; to front upon or toward. [Obs.]

Palladius adviseth the front of his house should so respect the Sir T. Browne.

4. To regard; to consider; to deem. [Obs.]

To whom my father gave this name of Gaspar, And as his own respected him to death. B. Jonson.

5. To have regard to; to have reference to; to relateto; as, the treaty particularly respects our commerce. As respects, as regards; with regard to; as to. Macaulay. -- To respect the person ∨ persons, to favor a person, or persons on corrupt grounds; to show partiality. "Ye shall not respect persons in judgment." Deut. i. 17. Syn. -- To regard; esteem; honor; revere; venerate.

Respect

Re*spect", n. [L. respectus: cf. F. respect. See Respect, v., and cf. Respite.]

1. The act of noticing with attention; the giving particular consideration to; hence, care; caution.

But he it well did ward with wise respect. Spenser.

2. Esteem; regard; consideration; honor.

Seen without awe, and served without respect. Prior.
The same men treat the Lord's Day with as little respect. R. Nelson.

3. pl. An expression of respect of deference; regards; as, to send one's respects to another.

4. Reputation; repute. [Obs.]

Many of the best respect in Rome. Shak.

5. Relation; reference; regard.

They believed but one Supreme Deity, which, with respect to the various benefits men received from him, had several titles. Tillotson.

4. Particular; point regarded; point of view; as, in this respect; in any respect; in all respects.

Everything which is imperfect, as the world must be acknowledged in many respects. Tillotson.
In one respect I'll be thy assistant. Shak.

7. Consideration; motive; interest. [Obs.] "Whatever secret respects were likely to move them." Hooker.

To the publik good Private respects must yield. Milton.
In respect, in comparison. [Obs.] Shak. -- In respect of. (a) In comparison with. [Obs.] Shak. (b) As to; in regard to. [Archaic] "Monsters in respect of their bodies." Bp. Wilkins. "In respect of these matters." Jowett. (Thucyd. ) -- In, ∨ With, respect to, in relation to; with regard to; as respects. Tillotson. -- To have respect of persons, to regard persons with partiality or undue bias, especially on account of friendship, power, wealth, etc. "It is not good to have respect of persons in judgment." Prov. xxiv. 23. Syn. -- Deference; attention; regard; consideration; estimation. See Deference.

Respectability

Re*spect`a*bil"i*ty (r?*sp?kt`?*b?l"?*t?), n. The state or quality of being respectable; the state or quality which deserves or commands respect.

Respectable

Re*spect"a*ble (-, a. [F. respectable, LL. respectabilis.]

1. Worthy of respect; fitted to awaken esteem; deserving regard; hence, of good repute; not mean; as, a respectable citizen. "The respectable quarter of Sicca." J. H. Newman.

No government, any more than an individual, will long be respected, without being truly respectable. Madison.

2. Moderate in degree of excellence or in number; as, a respectable performance; a respectable audience. --Re*spect"a*ble*ness,n. -- Re*spect"a*bly, adv.

Respectant

Re*spect"ant (-ant), a. [F., p. pr. of respecter. See Respect.] (Her.) Placed so as to face one another; -- said of animals.

Respecter

Re*spect"er (-?r), n. One who respects. A respecter of persons, one who regards or judges with partiality.
Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons. Acts x. 34.

Respectful

Re*spect"ful (-f?l), a. Marked or characterized by respect; as, respectful deportment.
With humble joi and with respectful fear. Prior.
-- Re*spect"ful*ly, adv. -- Re*spect"ful*ness, n.

Respecting

Re*spect"ing, prep. With regard or relation to; regarding; concerning; as, respecting his conduct there is but one opinion.

Respection

Re*spec"tion (r?*sp?k"sh?n), n. [Cf.LL. respectio.] The act of respecting; respect; regard. [Obs.]
Without difference or respection of persons. Tyndale.

Respective

Re*spec"tive (r?*sp?k"t?v), a. [Cf. F. respectif, LL. respectivus. See Respect.]

1. Noticing with attention; hence, careful; wary; considerate. [Obs.]

If you look upon the church of England with a respective eye, you can not . . . refuse this charge. A

2. Looking towardl having reference to; relative, not absolute; as, the respective connections of society.

3. Relating to particular persons or things, each to each; particular; own; as, they returned to their respective places of abode.

4. Fitted to awaken respect. [Obs.] Shak.

5. Rendering respect; respectful; regardful. [Obs.]

With respective shame, rose, took us by the hands. Chapman.
With thy equals familiar, yet respective. Lord Burleigh.

Respectively

Re*spec"tive*ly, adv.

1. As relating to each; particularly; as each belongs to each; as each refers to each in order; as, let each man respectively perform his duty.

The impressions from the objects or the senses do mingle respectively every one with its kind. Bacon.

2. Relatively; not absolutely. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

3. Partially; with respect to private views. [Obs.]

4. With respect; regardfully. [Obs.] Shak.

Respectless

Re*spect"less (r?*sp?kt"l?s), a. Having no respect; without regard; regardless.
Rather than again Endure, respectless, their so moving cChapman.
-- Re*spect"less*ness, n. [R.] Shelton.

Respectuous

Re*spec"tu*ous (r?*sp?k"t?*?s;135), a.

1. Respectful; as, a respectuous silence. [Obs.] Boyle.

2. Respectable. [Obs.] Knolles.

Respell

Re*spell" (r?*sp?l"), v. t. To spell again.

Resperse

Re*sperse" (r?*sp?rs"), v. t. [L. respersus, p. p. of respergere; pref. re- re- + spargere to srew, sprinkle.] To sprinkle; to scatter. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Respersion

Re*sper"sion (r?*sp?r"sh?n), n. [L. respersio.] The act of sprinkling or scattering. [Obs.]

Respirability

Re*spir`a*bil"i*ty (r?*sp?r`?*b?l"?*t? ∨ r?s`p?*r?-), n. [Cf. F. respirabilit.] The quality or state of being respirable; respirableness.

Respirable

Re*spir"a*ble (r?*sp?r"?*b'l ∨ r?s"p?*r?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. respirable.] Suitable for being breathed; adapted for respiration. -- Re*spir"a*ble*ness, n.

Respiration

Res`pi*ra"tion (r?s`p?*r?"sh?n), n. [L. respiratio: cf. F. respiration. See Respire.]

1. The act of respiring or breathing again, or catching one's breath.

2. Relief from toil or suffering: rest. [Obs.]

Till the day Appear of respiration to the just And vengeance to the wicked. Milton.

3. Interval; intermission. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

4. (Physiol.) The act of resping or breathing; the act of taking in and giving out air; the aggregate of those processes bu which oxygen is introduced into the system, and carbon dioxide, or carbonic acid, removed. &hand; Respiration in the higher animals is divided into: (a) Internal respiration, or the interchange of oxygen and carbonic acid between the cells of the body and the bathing them, which in one sense is a process of nutrition. (b) External respiration, or the gaseous interchange taking place in the special respiratory organs, the lungs. This constitutes respiration proper. Gamgee. In the respiration of plants oxygen is likewise absorbed and carbonic acid exhaled, but in the light this process is obscured by another process which goes on with more vigor, in which the plant inhales and absorbs carbonic acid and exhales free oxygen.

Respirational

Res`pi*ra"tion*al (r?s`p?*r?"sh?n-al), a. Of or pertaining to respiration; as, respirational difficulties.

Respirative

Re*spir"a*tive (r?*sp?*r?*t?v), a. Of or pertaining to respiration; as, respirative organs.

Respirator

Res"pi*ra`tor (r?s"p?*r?`t?r), n. [Cf. F. respirateur.] A divice of gauze or wire, covering the mouth or nose, to prevent the inhalation of noxious substances, as dust or smoke. Being warmed by the breath, it tempers cold air passing through it, and may also be used for the inhalation of medicated vapors.

Respiratory

Re*spir"a*to*ry (r?*sp?r"?*t?*r? ∨ r?s"p?*r?-), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to respiration; serving for respiration; as, the respiratory organs; respiratory nerves; the respiratory function; respiratory changes. Respiratory foods. (Physiol.) See 2d Note under Food, n., 1. -- Respiratory tree (Zo\'94l.), the branched internal gill of certain holothurians.

Respire

Re*spire" (r?*sp?r), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Respired (-sp?rd"); p. pr. & vvb. n. Respiring.] [L. respirare, respiratum; pref. re- re- + spirare to breathe: cf. F. respirer. See Spirit.]

1. To take breath again; hence, to take rest or refreshment. Spenser.

Here leave me to respire. Milton.
From the mountains where I now respire. Byron.

2. (Physiol.) To breathe; to inhale air into the lungs, and exhale it from them, successively, for the purpose of maintaining the vitality of the blood.

Respire

Re*spire", v. t.

1. To breathe in and out; to inspire and expire,, as air; to breathe.

A native of the land where I respire The clear air for a while. Byron.

2. To breathe out; to exhale. [R.] B. Jonson.

Respite

Res"pite (r?s"p?t), n. [OF. respit, F. r\'82pit, from L. respectus respect, regard, delay, in LL., the deferring of a day. See Respect.]

1. A putting off of that which was appointed; a postponement or delay.

I crave but four day's respite. Shak.

2. Temporary intermission of labor, or of any process or operation; interval of rest; pause; delay. "Without more respite." Chaucer.

Some pause and respite only I require. Denham.

3. (Law) (a) Temporary suspension of the execution of a capital offender; reprieve. (b) The delay of appearance at court granted to a jury beyond the proper term. Syn. -- Pause; interval; stop; cessation; delay; postponement; stay; reprieve.

Respite

Res"pite, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Respited; p. pr. & vb. n. Respiting.] [OF. respiter, LL. respectare. See Respite, n.] To give or grant a respite to. Specifically: (a) To delay or postpone; to put off. (b) To keep back from execution; to reprieve.
Forty days longer we do respite you. Shak.
(c) To relieve by a pause or interval of rest. "To respite his day labor with repast." Milton.

Respiteless

Res"pite*less, a. Without respite. Baxter.

Resplendence rsplndens, Resplendency

Re*splen"dence (r?*spl?n"dens), Re*splen"den*cy (-den*s?), n. [L. resplendentia.] The quality or state of being resplendent; brilliant luster; vivid brightness; splendor.
Son! thou in whom my glory I behold In full resplendence, heir of all my might. Milton.
The resplendency of his own almighty goodness. Dr. J. Scott.

Resplendent

Re*splen"dent (-dent), a. [L. resplendens, -entis, p. pr. of resplendere to shine brightly; pref. re- re- + splendere to shine. See Splendid.] Shining with brilliant luster; very bright. -- Re*splen"dent*ly, adv.
With royal arras and resplendent gold. Spenser.

Resplendishant

Re*splen"dish*ant (-d?sh*ant), a. Resplendent; brilliant. [R. & Obs.] Fabyan.

Resplendishing

Re*splen"dish*ing, a. Resplendent. [Obs.]

Resplit

Re*split" (r?*spl?t"), v. t. & i. To split again.

Respond

Re*spond" (r?*sp?nd"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Responded; p. pr. & vb. n. Responding.] [OF. respondre, F. r\'82pondre, fr. L. respondere, responsum; pref. re- re- + spondere to promise. See Sponsor.]

1. To say somethin in return; to answer; to reply; as, to respond to a question or an argument.

2. To show some effect in return to a force; to act in response; to accord; to correspond; to suit.

A new affliction strings a new cord in the heart, which responds to some new note of complaint within the wide scale of human woe. Buckminster.
To every theme responds thy various lay. Broome.

3. To render satisfaction; to be answerable; as, the defendant is held to respond in damages. [U.S.] Syn. -- To answer; reply; rejoin. See Reply.

Respond

Re*spond", v. t.

1. To answer; to reply.

2. To suit or accord with; to correspond to. [R.]

For his great deeds respond his speeches great. Fairfax.

Respond

Re*spond", n.

1. An answer; a response. [R.]

2. (Eccl.) A short anthem sung at intervals during the reading of a chapter.

3. (Arch.) A half pier or pillar attached to a wall to support an arch. Oxf. Gloss.

Respondence -ns, Respondency

Re*spond"ence (-?ns), Re*spond"en*cy (-en*s?), n. The act of responding; the state of being respondent; an answering. A. Chalmers.
The angelical soft trembling voice made To the instruments divine respondence meet. Spenser.

Respondent

Re*spond"ent (-ent), a. [L. respondens, p. pr. of respondere.] Disposed or expected to respond; answering; according; corresponding.
Wealth respondent to payment and contributions. Bacon.

Respondent

Re*spond"ent, n. [Cf. F. r\'82pondant.] One who responds. It corresponds in general to defendant. Specifically: (a) (Law) One who answers in certain suits or proceedings, generally those which are not according to the course of the common law, as in equity and admiralty causes, in petitions for partition, and the like; -- distinquished from appellant. (b) One who maintains a thesis in reply, and whose province it is to refute objections, or overthrow arguments; -- distinguished from opponent. I. Watts.
Page 1228

Respondentia

Re`spon*den"ti*a (r?`sp?n*d?n"sh?*?), n. [NL. See Respondence.] (Commercial Law) A loan upon goods laden on board a ship. It differs from bottomry, which is a loan on the ship itself. Bouvier.

Responsal

Re*spon"sal (r?*sp?n"sal), a. Answerable. [Obs.]

Responsal

Re*spon"sal, n. [Cf.LL. resposalis.]

1. One who is answerable or responsible. [Obs.] Barrow.

2. Response. [Obs.] Brevint.

Response

Re*sponse" (r?*sp?ns"), n. [OF. response, respons, F. r\'82ponse, from L. responsum, from respondere. See Respond.]

1. The act of responding.

2. An answer or reply. Specifically: (a) Reply to an objection in formal disputation. I. Watts. (b) (Eccl.) The answer of the people or congregation to the priest or clergyman, in the litany and other parts of divine service. (c) (R.C.Ch.) A kind of anthem sung after the lessons of matins and some other parts of the office. (d) (Mus.) A repetition of the given subject in a fugue by another part on the fifth above or fourth below. Busby.

Responseless

Re*sponse"less, a. Giving no response.

Responsibility

Re*spon`si*bil"i*ty (r?*sp?n`s?*b?l"?*t?), n.; pl. -ties (-t. [Cf. F. responsabilit\'82.]

1. The state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable, as for a trust, debt, or obligation.

2. That for which anyone is responsible or accountable; as, the resonsibilities of power.

3. Ability to answer in payment; means of paying.

Responsible

Re*spon"si*ble (r?*sp?n"s?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. responsable. See Respond.]

1. Liable to respond; likely to be called upon to answer; accountable; answerable; amenable; as, a guardian is responsible to the court for his conduct in the office.

2. Able to respond or answer for one's conduct and obligations; trustworthy, financially or otherwise; as, to have a responsible man for surety.

3. Involving responsibility; involving a degree of accountability on the part of the person concerned; as, a responsible office. Syn. -- Accountable; answerable; amenable. -- Re*spon"si*ble*ness, n. -- Re*spon"si*bly, adv.

Responsion

Re*spon"sion (-sh?n), n. [L. responsio. See Respond.]

1. The act of answering. [Obs.]

2. (University of Oxford) The first university examination; -- called also little go. See under Little, a.

Responsive

Re*spon"sive (-s?v), a. [Cf. F. resposif.]

1. That responds; ready or inclined to respond.

2. Suited to something else; correspondent.

The vocal lay responsive to the strings. Pope.

3. Responsible. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. -- Re*spon"sive*ly, adv. -- Re*spon"sive*ness, n.

Responsorial

Re`spon*so"ri*al (r?`sp?n*s?"r?-al), a. Responsory; antiphonal. J. H. Newman.

Responsory

Re*spon"so*ry (r?*sp?n"s?*r?), a. Containing or making answer; answering. Johnson.

Responsory

Re*spon"so*ry, n.; pl. -ries (-r. [LL. responsorium.]

1. (Eccl.) (a) The answer of the people to the priest in alternate speaking, in church service. (b) A versicle sung in answer to the priest, or as a refrain.

Which, if should repeat again, would turn my answers into responsories, and beget another liturgy. Milton.

2. (Eccl.) An antiphonary; a response book.

Rest

Rest (r?st), v. t. [For arrest.] To arrest. [Obs.]

Rest

Rest, n. [AS. rest, r, rest; akin to D. rust, G. rast. OHG. rasta, Dan. & Sw. rast rest, repose, Icel. r the distance between two resting places, a mole, Goth. rasta a mile, also to Goth. razn house, Icel. rann, and perhaps to G. ruhe rest, repose, AS. r, Gr. Ransack.]

1. A state of quiet or repose; a cessation from motion or labor; tranquillity; as, rest from mental exertion; rest of body or mind. Chaucer.

Sleep give thee all his rest! Shak.

2. Hence, freedom from everything which wearies or disturbs; peace; security.

And the land had rest fourscore years. Judges iii. 30.

3. Sleep; slumber; hence, poetically, death.

How sleep the brave who sink to rest, By all their country's wishes blest. Collins.

4. That on which anything rests or leans for support; as, a rest in a lathe, for supporting the cutting tool or steadying the work.

He made narrowed rests round about, that the beams should not be fastened in the walls of the house. 1 Kings vi. 6.

5. (Anc. Armor) A projection from the right side of the cuirass, serving to support the lance.

Their visors closed, their lances in the rest. Dryden.

6. A place where one may rest, either temporarily, as in an inn, or permanently, as, in an abode. "Halfway houses and travelers' rests." J. H. Newman.

In dust our final rest, and native home. Milton.
Ye are not as yet come to the rest and to the inheritance which the Lord your God giveth you. Deut. xii. 9.

7. (Pros.) A short pause in reading verse; a c&ae;sura.

8. The striking of a balance at regular intervals in a running account. "An account is said to be taken with annual or semiannual rests." Abbott.

9. A set or game at tennis. [Obs.]

10. (Mus.) Silence in music or in one of its parts; the name of the character that stands for such silence. They are named as notes are, whole, half, quarter,etc. Rest house, an empty house for the accomodation of travelers; a caravansary. [India] -- To set, ∨ To set up, one's rest, to have a settled determination; -- from an old game of cards, when one so expressed his intention to stand or rest upon his hand. [Obs.] Shak. Bacon. Syn. -- Cessation; pause; intermission; stop; stay; repose; slumber; quiet; ease; quietness; stillness; tranquillity; peacefulness; pease. -- Rest, Repose. Rest is a ceasing from labor or exertion; repose is a mode of resting which gives relief and refreshment after toil and labor. The words are commonly interchangeable.

Rest

Rest (r?st), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rested; p. pr. & vb. n. Resting.] [AS. restan. See Rest, n.]

1. To cease from action or motion, especially from action which has caused weariness; to desist from labor or exertion.

God . . . rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. Gen. ii. 2.
Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest. Ex. xxiii. 12.

2. To be free from whanever wearies or disturbs; to be quiet or still.

There rest, if any rest can harbor there. Milton.

3. To lie; to repose; to recline; to lan; as, to rest on a couch.

4. To stand firm; to be fixed; to be supported; as, a column rests on its pedestal.

5. To sleep; to slumber; hence, poetically, to be dead.

Fancy . . . then retries Into her private cell when Nature rests. Milton.

6. To lean in confidence; to trust; to rely; to repose without anxiety; as, to rest on a man's promise.

7. To be satisfied; to acquiesce.

To rest in Heaven's determination. Addison.
To rest with, to be in the power of; to depend upon; as, it rests with him to decide.

Rest

Rest, v. t.

1. To lay or place at rest; to quiet.

Your piety has paid All needful rites, to rest my wandering shade. Dryden.

2. To place, as on a support; to cause to lean.

Her weary head upon your bosom rest. Waller.

Rest

Rest, n. [F. reste, fr. rester to remain, L. restare to stay back, remain; pref. re- re- + stare to stand, stay. See Stand, and cf. Arrest, Restive.] (With the definite article.)

1. That which is left, or which remains after the separation of a part, either in fact or in contemplation; remainder; residue.

Religion gives part of its reward in hand, the present comfort of having done our duty, and, for the rest, it offers us the best security that Heaven can give. Tillotson.

2. Those not included in a proposition or description; the remainder; others. "Plato and the rest of the philosophers." Bp. Stillingfleet.

Armed like the rest, the Trojan prince appears. DRyden.

3. (Com.) A surplus held as a reserved fund by a bank to equalize its dividends, etc.; in the Bank of England, the balance of assets above liabilities. [Eng.] Syn. -- Remainder; overplus; surplus; remnant; residue; reserve; others.

Rest

Rest, v. i. [F. rester. See Rest remainder.] To be left; to remain; to continue to be.
The affairs of men rest still uncertain. Shak.

Restagnant

Re*stag"nant (r?*st?g"nant), a. [L. restagnans, p. pr. ] Stagnant; motionless. [Obs.] Boyle.

Restagnate

Re*stag"nate (-n?t), v. i. [L. restagnare to overflow.] To stagnate; to cease to flow. [Obs.] Wiseman.

Restagnation

Re`stag*na"tion (-n?"sh?n), n. [L. restagnatio aninundation.] Stagnation. [Obs.]

Restant

Res"tant (r?s"tant), a. [L. restans, p. pr. of restare: cf. F. restant. See Rest remainder.] (Bot.) Persistent.

Restate

Re*state" (r?*st?t"), v. t. To state anew. Palfrey.

Restaurant

Res"tau*rant (r?s"t?*r?nt;277), n. [F., fr. restaurer. See Restore.] An eating house.

Restaurate

Res"tau*rate (r?s"t?*r?t), v. t. [L. restauratus, p. p. of restaurare. See Restore.] To restore. [Obs.]

Restaurateur

Re`stau`ra`teur" (r?`st?`r?`t?r"), n. [F.] The keeper of an eathing house or a restaurant.

Restauration

Res`tau*ra"tion (r?s`t?*r?"sh?n), n. [LL. restauratio: cf. F. restauration.] Restoration. [Obs.] Cower.

Restem

Re*stem" (r?*st?m"), v. t.

1. To force back against the current; as, to restem their backward course. Shak.

2. To stem, or as, to restem a current.

Restful

Rest"ful (r?st"f?l), a.

1. Being at rest; quiet. Shak.

2. Giving rest; freeing from toil, trouble, etc.

Tired with all these, for restful death I cry. Shak.
-- Rest"ful*ly, adv. -- Rest"ful*ness, n.

Rest-harrow

Rest"-har`row (-h?r`r?), n. (Bot.) A European leguminous plant (Ononis arvensis) with long, tough roots.

Restiff

Rest"iff, a. Restive. [Obs.]

Restiff

Rest"iff, n. A restive or stubborn horse. [Obs.]

Restiffness

Rest"iff*ness, n. Restiveness. [Obs.]

Restiform

Res"ti*form (r?s"t?*f?rm), a.[L. restis rope + -form.] (Anat.) Formed like a rope; -- applied especially to several ropelike bundles or masses of fibers on the dorsal side of the medulla oblongata.

Restily

Rest"i*ly (r?st"?*l?), adv. In a resty manner. [Obs.]

Restinction

Re*stinc"tion (r?*st?nk"sh?n), n.[L. restinctio. See Restinguish.] Act of quenching or extingishing. [Obs.]

Restiness

Rest"i*ness (r?st`*n?s), n. The quality or state of being resty; sluggishness. [Obs.]
The snake by restiness and lying still all winter. Holland.

Resting

Rest"ing, a. & n. from Rest, v. t. & i. Resting spore (Bot.), a spore in certain orders of alg\'91, which remains quiescent, retaining its vitality, for long periods of time. C. E. Bessey.

Restinguish

Re*stin"guish (r?*st?n"gw?sh), v. t. [L. restinquere, restinctum; pref. re- re- + stinquere to quench.] To quench or extinguish. [Obs.] R. Field.

Restitute

Res"ti*tute (r?s"t?*t?t), v. t. [L. restitutus, p. p. of restituere; pref. re- re- + statuere to put, place. See Statute.] To restore to a former state. [R.] Dyer.

Restitute

Res"ti*tute, n.That which is restored or offered in place of something; a substitute. [R.]

Restitution

Res`ti*tu"tion (r?s`t?*t?"sh?n), n. [F. restitution, L. restitutio. See Restitute, v.]

1. The act of restoring anything to its rightful owner, or of making good, or of giving an equivalent for any loss, damage, or injury; indemnification.

A restitution of ancient rights unto the crown. Spenser.
He restitution to the value makes. Sandys.

2. That which is offered or given in return for what has been lost, injured, or destroved; compensation.

3. (Physics) The act of returning to, or recovering, a former state; as, the restitution of an elastic body.

4. (Med.) The movement of rotetion which usually occurs in childbirth after the head has been delivered, and which causes the latter to point towards the side to which it was directed at the beginning of labor. Syn. -- Restoration; return; indemnification; reparation; compensation; amends; remuneration.

Restitutor

Res"ti*tu`tor (r?s"t?*t?`t?r), n. [L.: cf. F. restituteur.] One who makes restitution. [R].

Restive

Rest"ive (r?st"?v), a. [OF. restif, F. r\'82tif, fr. L. restare to stay back, withstand, resist. See Rest remainder, and cf. Restiff.] . Unwilling to go on; obstinate in refusing to move forward; stubborn; drawing back.
Restive or resty, drawing back, instead of going forward, as some horses do. E. Philips (1658).
The people remarked with awe and wonder that the beasts which were to drag him [Abraham Holmes] to the gallows became restive, and went back. Macaulay.

2. Inactive; sluggish. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

3. Impatient under coercion, chastisement, or opposition; refractory.

4. Uneasy; restless; averse to standing still; fidgeting about; -- applied especially to horses. Trench. -- Rest"ive, adv. -- Rest"ive*ness, n.

Restless

Rest"less, a. [AS. restle\'a0s.]

1. Never resting; unquiet; uneasy; continually moving; as, a restless child. Chaucer. "Restless revolution day by day." Milton.

2. Not satisfied to be at rest or in peace; averse to repose or quiet; eager for change; discontented; as, restless schemers; restless ambition; restless subjects. "Restless at home , and ever prone to range." Dryden.

3. Deprived of rest or sleep.

Restless he passed the remnants of the night. Dryden.

4. Passed in unquietness; as, the patient has had a restless night.

5. Not affording rest; as, a restless chair. Cowper. Restless thrush. (Zo\'94l.) See Grinder, 3. Syn. -- Unquiet; uneasy; disturbed; disquieted; sleepless; agitated; unsettled; roving; wandering. -- Rest"less*ly, adv.- Rest"less*ness, n.

Restorable

Re*stor"a*ble (r?*st?r"?*b'l), a. Admitting of being restored; capable of being reclaimed; as, restorable land. Swift. -- Re*stor"a*ble*ness, n.

Restoral

Re*stor"al (-al), n.Restoration. [Obs.] Barrow.

Restoration

Res`to*ra"tion (r?s`t?*r?"sh?n), n. [OE. restauracion, F. restauration, fr. L. restauratio. See Restore.]

1. The act of restoring or bringing back to a former place, station, or condition; the fact of being restored; renewal; re\'89stablishment; as, the restoration of friendship between enemies; the restoration of peace after war.

Behold the different climes agree, Rejoicing in thy restoration. Dryden.

2. The state of being restored; recovery of health, strength, etc.; as, restoration from sickness.

3. That which is restored or renewed. The restoration (Eng. Hist.), the return of King Charles II. in 1660, and the re\'89stablishment of monarchy. -- Universal restoration (Theol.), the final recovery of all men from sin and alienation from God to a state of happiness; universal salvation. Syn. -- Recovery; replacement; renewal; renovation; redintegration; reinstatement; re\'89stablishment; return; revival; restitution; reparation.

Restorationer

Res`to*ra"tion*er (-?r), n. A Restorationist.

Restorationism

Res`to*ra"tion*ism (-?z'm), n. The belief or doctrines of the Restorationists.

Restorationist

Res`to*ra"tion*ist, n.One who believes in a temporary future punishment and a final restoration of all to the favor and presence of God; a Universalist.

Restorative

Re*stor"a*tive (r?*st?r"?*t?v), a. [Cf. F. restoratif.] Of or pertaining to restoration; having power to restore.
Destroys life's enemy, Hunger, with sweet restorative delight. Milton.

Restorative

Re*stor"a*tive, n. Something which serves to restore; especially, a restorative medicine. Arbuthnot.

Restoratively

Re*stor"a*tive*ly, adv. In a restorative manner.

Restorator

Res"to*ra`tor (r?s"t?*r?`t?r), n. A restaurateur.

Restoratory

Re*stor"a*to*ry (r?*st?r"?*t?*r?), a. Restorative. [R.]

Re-store

Re-store" (r?*st?r"), v. t. [Pref. re- + store.] To store again; as, the goods taken out were re-stored.

Restore

Re*store" (r?*st?r"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Restored (r?-st?rd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Restoring.] [OE. restoren, OF. restorer, F. restaurer, fr. L. restaurare; pref. re- re- + an unused word; cf. Gr. sth fixed, firm. Cf. Restaurant, Store.] To bring back to its former state; to bring back from a state of ruin, decay, disease, or the like; to repair; to renew; to recover. "To restore and to build Jerusalem." Dan. ix. 25.
Our fortune restored after the severest afflictions. Prior.
And his hand was restored whole as the other. Mark iii. 5.

2. To give or bring back, as that which has been lost., or taken away; to bring back to the owner; to replace.

Now therefore restore the man his wife. Gen. xx. 7.
Loss of Eden, till one greater man Restore us, and regain the blissful seat. Milton.
The father banished virtue shall restore. Dryden.

3. To renew; to re\'89stablish; as, to restore harmony among those who are variance.

4. To give in place of, or as satisfaction for.

He shall restore five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. Ex. xxii. 1.

Page 1229

5. To make good; to make amends for.

But if the while I think on thee, dear friend, All losses are restored, and sorrows end. Shak.

6. (Fine Arts) (a) To bring back from a state of injury or decay, or from a changed condition; as, to restore a painting, statue, etc. (b) To form a picture or model of, as of something lost or mutilated; as, to restore a ruined building, city, or the like. Syn. -- To return; replace; refund; repay; reinstate; rebuild; re\'89stablish; renew; repair; revive; recover; heal; cure.

Restore

Re*store" (?), n. Restoration. [Obs.] Spenser.

Restorement

Re*store"ment (?), n.Restoration. [Obs.]

Restorer

Re*stor"er (?), n. One who, or that which, restores.

Restrain

Re*strain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Restrained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Restraining.] [OE. restreinen, F. restreindre, fr. L. restringere, restrictum; pref. re- re- + stringere to draw, bind, or press together. See Strain, v. t., and cf. Restrict.]

1. To draw back again; to hold back from acting, proceeding, or advancing, either by physical or moral force, or by any interposing obstacle; to repress or suppress; to keep down; to curb.

Restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature Gives way to in repose! Shak.

2. To draw back toghtly, as a rein. [Obs.] Shak.

3. To hinder from unlimited enjoiment; to abridge.

Though they two were committed, at least restrained of their liberty. Clarendon.

4. To limit; to confine; to restrict. Trench.

Not only a metaphysical or natural, but a moral, universality also is to be restrained by a part of the predicate. I. Watts.

5. To withhold; to forbear.

Thou restrained prayer before God. Job. xv. 4.
Syn. -- To check; hinder; stop; withhold; repress; curb; suppress; coerce; restrict; limit; confine.

Restrainable

Re*strain"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being restrained; controllable. Sir T. Browne.

Restrainedly

Re*strain"ed*ly, adv. With restraint. Hammond.

Restrainer

Re*strain"er (?), n. One who, or that which, restrains.

Restrainment

Re*strain"ment (?), n. The act of restraining.

Restraint

Re*straint" (?), n. [OF. restraincte, fr. restrainct, F. restreint, p. p. of restraindre, restrendre. See Restrain.]

1. The act or process of restraining, or of holding back or hindering from motion or action, in any manner; hindrance of the will, or of any action, physical or mental.

No man was altogether above the restrains of law, and no man altogether below its protection. Macaulay.

2. The state of being restrained.

3. That which restrains, as a law, a prohibition, or the like; limitation; restriction.

For one restraint, lords of the world besides. Milton.
Syn. -- Repression; hindrance; check; stop; curb;

Restrengthen

Re*strength"en (?), v. t. To strengthen again; to fortify anew.

Restrict

Re*strict" (?), a. [L. restrictus, p. p. of restringere. See Restrain.] Restricted. [Obs.]

Restrict

Re*strict", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Restricted; p. pr. & vb. n. Restricting.] To restrain within bounds; to limit; to confine; as, to restrict worlds to a particular meaning; to restrict a patient to a certain diet. Syn. -- To limit; bound; circumscribe; restrain; repress; curb; coerce.

Restriction

Re*stric"tion (?), n. [F. restriction, L. restrictio.]

1. The act of restricting, or state of being restricted; confinement within limits or bounds.

This is to have the same restriction with all other recreations,that it be made a divertisement. Giv. of Tonque.

2. That which restricts; limitation; restraint; as, restrictions on trade.

Restrictionary

Re*stric"tion*a*ry (?), a. Restrictive. [R.]

Restrictive

Re*strict"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. restrictif.]

1. Serving or tending to restrict; limiting; as, a restrictive particle; restrictive laws of trade.

2. Astringent or styptic in effect. [Obs.] Wiseman. --Re*strict"ive*ly, adv. -- Re*strict"ive*ness, n.

Restringe

Re*stringe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Restringed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Restringing (?).] [L. restringere. See Restrain.] To confine; to contract; to stringe. [Obs.]

Restringency

Re*strin"gen*cy (?), n. Quality or state of being restringent; astringency. [Obs.] Sir W. Petty.

Restringent

Re*strin"gent (?), a. [L. restringens, p. pr.: cf. F. restringent.] Restringing; astringent; styptic. [Obs.] -- n. A restringent medicine. [Obs.] Harvey.

Restrive

Re*strive" (?), v. i. To strive anew.

Resty

Rest"y (?), a. Disposed to rest; indisposed toexercton; sluggish; also, restive. [Obs.] Burton.
Where the master is too resty or too rich to say his own prayers. Milton.

Resubjection

Re`sub*jec"tion, n. A second subjection.

Resublime

Re`sub*lime" (?), v. t. To sublime again. Newton. -- Re*sub`li*ma"tion (#), n.

Resudation

Re`su*da"tion (?), n. [L. resudare to sweat again. See Sudation.] Act of sweating again.

Result

Re*sult" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Resulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Resulting.] [F. r\'82sulter, fr. L. resultare, resultarum, to spring or leap back, v. intens. fr. resilire. See Resile.]

1. To leap back; to rebound. [Obs.]

The huge round stone, resulting with a bound. Pope.

2. To come out, or have an issue; to terminate; to have consequences; -- followed by in; as, this measure will result in good or in evil.

3. To proceed, spring, or rise, as a consequence, from facts, arguments, premises, combination of circumstances, consultation, thought, or endeavor.

Pleasure and peace do naturally result from a holy and good life. Tillotson.
Resulting trust (Law), a trust raised by implication for the benefit of a party granting an estate. The phrase is also applied to a trust raised by implication for the benefit of a party who advances the purchase money of an estate, etc. Bouvier. -- Resulting use (Law), a use which, being limited by the deed, expires or can not vest, and thence returns to him who raised it. Bouvier. Syn. -- To proceed; spring; rise; arise; ensue; terminate.

Result

Re*sult" (?), n.

1. A flying back; resilience. [Obs.]

Sound is produced between the string and the air by the return or the result of the string. Bacon.

2. That which results; the conclusion or end to which any course or condition of things leads, or which is obtained by any process or operation; consequence or effect; as, the result of a course of action; the result of a mathematical operation.

If our proposals once again were heard, We should compel them to a quick result. Milton.

3. The decision or determination of a council or deliberative assembly; a resolve; a decree.

Then of their session ended they bid cry With trumpet's regal sound the great result. Milton.
Syn. -- Effect; consequence; conclusion; inference; issue; event. See Effect.

Resultance

Re*sult"ance (?), n. The act of resulting; that which results; a result. Donne.

Resultant

Re*sult"ant (?), a. [L. resultans, p. pr. : cf. F. r\'82sultant.] Resulting or issuing from a combination; existing or following as a result or consequence. Resultant force ∨ motion (Mech.), a force which is the result of two or more forces acting conjointly, or a motion which is the result of two or more motions combined. See Composition of forces, under Composition.

Resultant

Re*sult"ant, n. That which results. Specifically: (a) (Mech.) A reultant force or motion. (b) (Math.) An eliminant.
The resultant of homogeneous general functions of n variables is that function of their coefficients which, equaled to zero, expresses in the simplest terms the condition of the possibility of their existence. Sylvester.

Resultate

Re*sult"ate (?), n. [L. resultatus, p. p. ] A result. [Obs.] "The resultate of their counsil." BAcon.

Resultful

Re*sult"ful (?), a. HAving results or effects.

Resultive

Re*sult"ive (?), a. Resultant. [Obs.] Fuller.

Resultless

Re*sult"less, a. Being without result; as, resultless investigations.

Resumable

Re*sum"a*ble (?), a. Capable of, or admitting of, being resumed. Sir M. HAle.

Resum\'82

Re`su"m\'82" (?), n. [F. See Resume.] A summing up; a condensed statement; an abridgment or brief recapitulation.
The exellent little r\'82sum\'82 thereof in Dr. Landsborough's book. C. Kingsley.

Resume

Re*sume" (?), v. t. [imp & p. p. Resumed (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Resuming.] [L. resumere, resumptum; pref. re- re- + sumere to take: cf. F. r\'82sumer. See Assume, Redeem.]

1. To take back.

The sun, like this, from which our sight we have, Gazed on too long, resumes the light he gave. Denham.
Perhaps God will resume the blessing he has bestowed ere he attains the age of manhood. Sir W. Scott.

2. To enter upon, or take up again.

Reason resumed her place, and Passion fled. Dryden.

3. To begin again; to recommence, as something which has been interrupted; as, to resume an argument or discourse.

Resummon

Re*sum"mon (?), v. t. To summon again.

Resummons

Re*sum"mons (?), n. A second summons.

Resumption

Re*sump"tion (?), n. [cf. F. r\'82sumption, L. resumptio restoration, recovery, fr. resumere. See Resume.]

1. The act of resuming; as, the resumption of a grant, of delegated powers, of an argument, of specie payments, etc.

2. (Eng.Law) The taking again into the king's hands of such lands or tenements as he had granted to any man on false suggestions or other error.

Resumptive

Re*sump"tive (?), a. [cf. L. resumptivus restorative.] Taking back; resuming, or tending toward resumption; as, resumptive measures.

Resupinate

Re*su"pi*nate (?), a. [L. resupinatus, p. p. of resupinare to bend back. See Resupine.] Inverted in position; appearing to be upside down or reversed, as the flowers of the orchis and the leaves of some plants.

Resupinated

Re*su"pi*na`ted (?), a. Resupinate.

Resupination

Re*su`pi*na"tion (?), n. The state of luing on the back; the state of being resupinate, or reversed.
Our Vitruvius calleth this affection in the eye a resupination of the figure. Sir H. Wotton.

Resupine

Re`su*pine" (?), a. [L. resupinus; pref.re- re- + supinus bent backward, supine.] Lying on the back; supine; hence, careless. Sir K. Digby.
He spake, and, downward swayed, fell resupine, With his huge neck aslant. Cowper.

Resupply

Re`sup*ply" (?), v. t. To supply again.

Resurgence

Re*sur"gence (?), n. The act of rising again; resurrection.

Resurgent

Re*sur"gent (?), a. [L. resurgens, -entis, p. pr. of resurgere. See Resurrection.] Rising again, as from the dead. Coleridge.

Resurgent

Re*sur"gent, n. One who rises again, as from the dead. [R.] Sydney Smith.

Resirrect

Res`ir*rect" (?), v. t. [See Resurrection.]

1. To take from the grave; to disinter. [Slang]

2. To reanimate; to restore to life; to bring to view (that which was forgotten or lost). [Slang]

Resurrection

Res`ur*rec"tion (?), n. [F. r\'82surrection, L. resurrectio, fr. resurgere, resurrectum, to rise again; pref. re- re- + surgere to rise. See Source.]

1. A rising again; the resumption of vigor.

2. Especially, the rising again from the dead; the resumption of life by the dead; as, the resurrection of Jesus Christ; the general resurrection of all the dead at the Day of Judgment.

Nor after resurrection shall he stay Longer on earth. Milton.

3. State of being risen from the dead; future state.

In the resurrection they neither marry nor are given in marriage. Matt. xxii. 30.

4. The cause or exemplar of a rising from the dead.

I am the resurrection, and the life. John xi. 25.
Cross of the resurrection, a slender cross with a pennant floating from the junction of the bars. -- Resurrection plant (Bot.), a name given to several species of Selaginella (as S. convoluta and S. lepidophylla), flowerless plants which, when dry, close up so as to resemble a bird's nest, but revive and expand again when moistened. The name is sometimes also given to the rose of Jericho. See under Rose.

Resurrectionist

Res`ur*rec"tion*ist (?), n. One who steals bodies from the grave, as for dissection. [Slang]

Resurrectionize

Res`ur*rec"tion*ize (?), v. t. To raise from the dead. [R.] Southey.

Resurvey

Re`sur*vey" (?), v. t. To survey again or anew; to review. Shak.

Resurvey

Re*sur"vey (?), n. A second or new survey.

Resuscitable

Re*sus"ci*ta*ble (?), a. Capable of resuscitation; as, resuscitable plants. Boyle.

Resuscitant

Re*sus"ci*tant (?), n. One who, or that which resuscitates. Also used adjectively.

Resuscitate

Re*sus"ci*tate (?), a. [L. resuscitatus, p. p. of resuscitare; pref. re- re- + suscitare to raise, rouse. See Suscitate.] Restored to life. [R.] Bp. Gardiner.

Resuscitate

Re*sus"ci*tate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Resuscitated (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Resuscitating.] To revivify; to revive; especially, to recover or restore from apparent death; as, to resuscitate a drowned person; to resuscitate withered plants.

Resuscitate

Re*sus"ci*tate, v. i. To come to life again; to revive.
These projects, however often slain, always resuscitate. J. S. Mill.

Resuscitation

Re*sus`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L. resuscitatio.] The act of resuscitating, or state of being resuscitated.
The subject of resuscitation by his sorceries. Sir W. Scott.

Resuscitative

Re*sus"ci*ta*tive (?), a. Tending to resuscitate; reviving; revivifying.

Resuscitator

Re*sus"ci*ta`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, resuscitates.

Ret

Ret (?), v. t. See Aret. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ret

Ret, v. t. [Akin to rot.] To prepare for use, as flax, by separating the fibers from the woody part by process of soaking, macerating, and other treatment. Ure.

Retable

Re*ta"ble (?), n. (Eccl.) A shelf behind the altar, for display of lights, vases of wlowers, etc.

Retail

Re"tail (?), n. [F. retaille piece cut off, shred, paring, or OF. retail, from retailler. See Retail, v.] The sale of commodities in small quantities or parcels; -- opposed to wholesale; sometimes, the sale of commodities at second hand.

Retail

Re"tail, a. Done at retail; engaged in retailing commodities; as a retail trade; a retail grocer.

Retail

Re*tail" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retailed (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Retailing.] [Cf. F. retailler to cut again; pref. re- re + tailler to cut. See Retail, n., Tailor, and cf. Detail.]

1. To sell in small quantities, as by the single yard, pound, gallon, etc.; to sell directly to the consumer; as, to retail cloth or groceries.

2. To sell at second hand. [Obs. or R.] Pope.

3. To distribute in small portions or at second hand; to tell again or to many (what has been told or done); to report; as, to retail slander. "To whom I will retail my conquest won." Shak.

He is wit's peddler, and retails his wares At wakes and wassails. Shak.

Retailer

Re*tail"er (?), n. One who retails anything; as, a retailer of merchandise; a retailer of gossip.

Retailment

Re*tail"ment (?), n. The act of retailing.

Retain

Re*tain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Retaining.] [F. retainir, L. retinere; pref. re- re- + tenere to hold, keep. See Tenable, and cf. Rein of a bridle, Retention, Retinue.]

1. To continue to hold; to keep in possession; not to lose, part with, or dismiss; to retrain from departure, escape, or the like. "Thy shape invisibleretain." Shak.

Be obedient, and retain Unalterably firm his love entire. Milton.
An executor may retain a debt due to him from the testator. Blackstone.

2. To keep in pay; to employ by a preliminary fee paid; to hire; to engage; as, to retain a counselor.

A Benedictine convent has now retained the most learned father of their order to write in its defense. Addison.

3. To restrain; to prevent. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple. Retaining wall (Arch. & Engin.), a wall built to keep any movable backing, or a bank of sand or earth, in its place; -- called also retain wall. Syn. -- To keep; hold; retrain. See Keep.

Retain

Re*tain", v. i.

1. To belong; to pertain. [Obs.]

A somewhat languid relish, retaining to bitterness. Boyle.

2. To keep; to continue; to remain. [Obs.] Donne.

Retainable

Re*tain"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being retained.

Retainal

Re*tain"al (?), n. The act of retaining; retention.

Retainer

Re*tain"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, retains.

2. One who is retained or kept in service; an attendant; an adherent; a hanger-on.

3. Hence, a servant, not a domestic, but occasionally attending and wearing his master's livery. Cowell.

4. (Law) (a) The act of a client by which he engages a lawyer or counselor to manage his cause. (b) The act of withholding what one has in his hands by virtue of some right. (c) A fee paid to engage a lawyer or counselor to maintain a cause, or to prevent his being employed by the opposing party in the case; -- called also retaining fee. Bouvier. Blackstone.


Page 1230

5. The act of keeping dependents, or the state of being in dependence. Bacon.

Retainment

Re*tain"ment (?), n. The act of retaining; retention. Dr. H. More.

Retake

Re*take" (?), v. t.

1. To take or receive again.

2. To take from a captor; to recapture; as, to retake a ship or prisoners.

Retaker

Re*tak"er (?), n. One who takes again what has been taken; a recaptor. Kent.

Retaliate

Re*tal"i*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retaliated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Retaliating.] [L. retaliatus, p. p. of retaliare to retaliate; pref. re- re- + a word akin to talio talion, retaliation. Cf. Talion.] To return the like for; to repay or requite by an act of the same kind; to return evil for (evil). [Now seldom used except in a bad sense.]
One ambassador sent word to the duke's son that his visit should be retaliated. Sir T. Herbert.
It is unlucky to be obliged to retaliate the injuries of authors, whose works are so soon forgotten that we are in danger of appearing the first aggressors. Swift.

Retaliate

Re*tal"i*ate, v. i. To return like for like; specifically, to return evil for evil; as, to retaliate upon an enemy.

Retaliation

Re*tal`i*a"tion (?), n. The act of retaliating, or of returning like for like; retribution; now, specifically, the return of evil for evil; e.g., an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.
God . . . takes what is done to others as done to himself, and by promise obloges himself to full retaliation. Calamy.
Syn. -- Requital; reprisal; retribution; punishment.

Retaliative

Re*tal"i*a*tive (?), a. Same as Retaliatory.

Retaliatory

Re*tal"i*a*to*ry (?), a. Tending to, or involving, retaliation; retaliative; as retaliatory measures.

Retard

Re*tard" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Retarding.] [L. retardare, retardatum; pref. re- re- + tardare to make slow, to delay, fr. tardus slow: cf. F. retarder. See Tardy.]

1. To keep delaying; to continue to hinder; to prevent from progress; to render more slow in progress; to impede; to hinder; as, to retard the march of an army; to retard the motion of a ship; -- opposed to accelerate.

2. To put off; to postpone; as, to retard the attacks of old age; to retard a rupture between nations. Syn. -- To impede; hinder; obstruct; detain; delay; procrastinate; postpone; defer.

Retard

Re*tard", v. i. To stay back. [Obs.] Sir. T. Browne.

Retard

Re*tard", n. Retardation; delay. <-- 2. A mentally retarded person. [Colloq.] --> Retard, ∨ Age, of the tide, the interval between the transit of the moon at which a tide originates and the appearance of the tide itself. It is found, in general, that any particular tide is not principally due to the moon's transit immediatelly proceeding, but to a transit which has occured some time before, and which is said to correspond to it. The retard of the tide is thus distinguished from the lunitidal interval. See under Retardation. rHam. Nav. Encyc.

Retardation

Re`tar*da"tion (?), n. [L. retardatio: cf. F. retardation.]

1. The act of retarding; hindrance; the act of delaying; as, the retardation of the motion of a ship; -- opposed to acceleration.

The retardations of our fluent motion. De Quinsey.

2. That which retards; an obstacle; an obstruction.

Hills, sloughs, and other terrestrial retardations. Sir W. Scott.

3. (Mus.) The keeping back of an approaching consonant chord by prolonging one or more tones of a previous chord into the intermediate chord which follows; -- differing from suspension by resolving upwards instead of downwards.

4. The extent to which anything is retarded; the amount of retarding or delay. Retardation of the tide. (a) The lunitidal interval, or the hour angle of the moon at the time of high tide any port; the interval between the transit of the moon and the time of high tide next following. (b) The age of the tide; the retard of the tide. See under Retard, n.

Retardative

Re*tard"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. retardatif.] Tending, or serving, to retard.

Retarder

Re*tard"er (?), n. One who, or that which, retards.

Retardment

Re*tard"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. retardement.] The act of retarding; retardation. Cowley.

Retch

Retch (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Retched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Retching.] [AS. hr to clear the throat, hawk, fr. hraca throat; akin to G. rachen, and perhaps to E. rack neck.] To make an effort to vomit; to strain, as in vomiting. [Written also reach.]
Beloved Julia, hear me still beseeching! (Here he grew inarticulate with retching.) Byron.

Retch

Retch, v. t. & i. [See Reck.] To care for; to heed; to reck. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Retchless

Retch"less, a. Careless; reckless. [Obs.] Dryden. --- Retch"less*ly, adv. -- Retch"less*ness, n. [Obs.]

Rete

Re"te (?), n. [L., a net.] (Anat.) A net or network; a plexus; particularly, a network of blood vessels or nerves, or a part resembling a network.

Retecious

Re*te"cious (?), a. [L. rete a net.] Resembling network; retiform.<-- sic. -->

Retection

Re*tec"tion (?), n. [L. retegere, retectum, to uncover; pref. re- + tegere to cover.] Act of disclosing or uncovering something concealed. [Obs.] Boyle.

Retell

Re*tell (?), v. t. To tell again.

Retene

Ret"ene (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A white crystalline hydrocarbon, polymeric with benzene. It is extracted from pine tar, and is also found in certain fossil resins.

Retent

Re*tent" (?), n. [L. retentum, fr. retentus, p. p. See Retain.] That which is retained. Hickok.

Retention

Re*ten"tion (?), n. [L. retentio: cf. F. r\'82tention. See Retain.]

1. The act of retaining, or the state of being ratined.

2. The power of retaining; retentiveness.

No woman's heart So big, to hold so much; they lack retention. Shak.

3. That which contains something, as a tablet; a [R.] Shak.

4. The act of withholding; retraint; reserve. Shak.

5. Place of custody or confinement.

6. (Law) The right of withholding a debt, or of retaining property until a debt due to the person claiming the right be duly paid; a lien. Erskine. Craig. Retention cyst (Med.), a cyst produced by obstruction of a duct leading from a secreting organ and the consequent retention of the natural secretions.

Retentive

Re*ten"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82tentif.] Having power to retain; as, a retentive memory.
Nor airless dungeon, nor strong links of iron, Can be retentive to the strength of spirit. Shak.

Retentive

Re*ten"tive, n. That which retains or confines; a restraint. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Retentively

Re*ten"tive*ly, adv. In a retentive manner.

Retentiveness

Re*ten"tive*ness, n. The quality of being retentive.

Retentivity

Re`ten*tiv"i*ty (?), n.The power of retaining; retentive force; as, the retentivity of a magnet.

Retentor

Re*ten"tor (?), n. [L., a retainer.] (Zo\'94l.) A muscle which serves to retain an organ or part in place, esp. when retracted. See Illust. of Phylactolemata.

Retepore

Re`te*pore (?), n. [L. rete a net + porus pore.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of bryozoans of the genus Retepora. They form delicate calcareous corals, usually composed of thin fenestrated fronds.

Retex

Re*tex" (?), v. t. [L. retexere, lit., to unweave; pref. re- re + texere to weave. ] To annual, as orders. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.

Retexture

Re*tex"ture (?), n. The act of weaving or forming again. Carlyle.

Rethor

Reth"or (?), n. [Cf. F. rh\'82teur. See Rhetor.] A rhetorician; a careful writer. [Obs.]
If a rethor couthe fair endite. Chaucer.

Rethoryke

Reth"o*ryke (?), n. Rhetoric. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Retiarius

Re`ti*a"ri*us (?), n. [L., fr. rete a net.] (Rom.Antiq.) A gladiator armed with a net for entangling his adversary and a trident for despatching him.

Retiary

Re"ti*a*ry (?), n. [See Retiarius.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any spider which spins webs to catch its prey.

2. A retiarius.

Retiary

Re`ti*a*ry, a. [Cf. LL. retiarius.]

1. Netlike.

This work is in retiary, or hanging textures. Sir T. Browne.

2. Constructing or using a web, or net, to catch prey; -- said of certain spiders.

3. Armed with a net; hence, skillful to entangle.

Scholastic retiary versatility of logic. Coleridge.

Reticence

Ret"i*cence (?), n. [L. reticentia: cf. F. r\'82ticence.]

1. The quality or state of being reticent, or keeping silence; the state of holding one's tonque; refraining to speak of that which is suggested; uncommunicativeness.

Such fine reserve and noble reticence. Tennyson.

2. (Rhet.) A figure by which a person really speaks of a thing while he makes a show as if he would say nothingon the subject.

Reticency

Ret"i*cen*cy (?), n. Reticence.

Reticent

Ret"i*cent (?), a. [L. reticens, p. pr. of reticere to keep silence; re- + tacere to be silent. See Tacit.] Inclined to keep silent; reserved; uncommunicative.

Reticle

Ret"i*cle (?), n. [See Reticule.]

1. A small net.

2. A reticule. See Reticule,2. [R.]

Reticular

Re*tic"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82ticulaire. See Reticule.]

1. Having the form of a net, or of network; formed with interstices; retiform; as, reticular cartilage; a reticular leaf.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a reticulum.

Reticularia

Re*tic`u*la"ri*a (?), n.pl. [NL. See Reticular.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive division of rhizopods in which the pseudopodia are more or less slender and coalesce at certain points, forming irregular meshes. It includes the shelled Foraminifera, together with some groups which lack a true shell.

Reticularian

Re*tic`u*la"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l). One of the Reticularia.

Reticularly

Re*tic"u*lar*ly, adv. In a reticular manner.

Reticulate, Reticulated

Re*tic"u*late (?), Re*tic"u*la`ted (?), a. [L. reticulatus. See Reticule.]

1. Resembling network; having the form or appearance of a net; netted; as, a reticulated structure.

2. Having veins, fibers, or lines crossing like the threads or fibers of a network; as, a reticulate leaf; a reticulated surface; a reticulated wing of an insect. Reticulated glass, ornamental ware made from glass in which one set of white or colored lines seems to meet and interlace with another set in a different plane. -- Reticulated micrometer, a micrometer for an optical instrument, consisting of a reticule in the focus of an eyepiece. -- Reticulated work (Masonry), work constructed with diamond-shaped stones, or square stones placed diagonally.

Reticulation

Re*tic`u*la"tion (?), n. The quality or state of being reticulated, or netlike; that which is reticulated; network; an organization resembling a net.
The particular net you occupy in the great reticulation. Carlyle.

Reticule

Ret"i*cule (?), n.. [F. r\'82ticule, L. reticulum, dim. of rete a net. Cf.Retina, Reticle.]

1. A little bag, originally of network; a woman's workbag, or a little bag to be carried in the hand. De Quincey.

2. A system of wires or lines in the focus of a telescope or other instrument; a reticle.

Reticulosa

Re*tic`u*lo"sa (?), n.pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Reticularia.

Reticulose

Re*tic"u*lose` (?), a. Forming a network; characterized by a reticulated sructure. Reticulose rhizopod (Zo\'94l.), a rhizopod in which the pseudopodia blend together and form irregular meshes.

Reticulum

Re*tic"u*lum (?), n.;pl. Reticula (#). [L. dim. of rete a net.] (Anat.) (a) The second stomach of ruminants, in which folds of the mucous membrane form hexagonal cells; -- also called the honeycomb stomach. (b) The neuroglia.

Retiform

Ret"i*form (?), a. [L. rete a net + -form. cf. F. r\'82tiforme.] Composed of crossing lines and interstices; reticular; netlike; as, the retiform coat of the eye.

Retina

Ret"i*na (?), n. [NL., from L. rete a net. Cf. Reticule.] (Anat.) The delicate membrane by which the back part of the globe of the eye is lined, and in which the fibers of the optic nerve terminate. See Eye. &hand; The fibers of the optic nerve and the retinal blood vessels spread out upon the front surface of the retina, while the sensory layer (called Jacob's membrane), containing the rods and cones, is on the back side, next the choroid coat.

Retinaculum

Ret`i*nac"u*lum (?), n.; pl. Retinacula (#). [L., a holdfast, a band. See Retain.]

1. (Anat.) (a) A connecting band; a fr\'91num; as, the retinacula of the ileoc\'91cal and ileocolic valves. (b) One of the annular ligaments which hold the tendons close to the bones at the larger joints, as at the wrist and ankle.

2. (Zo\'94l) One of the retractor muscles of the proboscis of certain worms.

3. (Bot.) A small gland or process to which bodies are attached; as, the glandular retinacula to which the pollinia of orchids are attached, or the hooks which support the seeds in many acanthaceous plants.

Retinal

Ret"i*nal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the retina. Retinal purple (Physiol. Chem.), the visual purple.

Retinalite

Re*tin"a*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A translucent variety of serpentine, of a honey yellow or greenish yellow color, having a waxy resinlike luster.

Retinasphalt, Retinasphaltum

Ret`in*as"phalt (?), Ret`in*as*phal"tum (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) Retinite.

Retinerved

Ret"i*nerved` (?), a. [L. rete a net + E. nerve.] (Bot.) Having reticulated veins.

Retineum

Ret`i*ne"um (?), n.; pl. Retinea (#). [NL. See Retina.] (Zo\'94l.) That part of the eye of an invertebrate which corresponds in function with the retina of a vertebrate.

Retinic

Re*tin"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Min. Chem.) Of or pertaining to resin; derived from resin; specifically, designating an acid found in certain fossil resins and hydrocarbons.

Retinite

Ret"i*nite (?), n. [Gr.r\'82tinite.] (Min.) An inflammable mineral resin, usually of a yellowish brown color, found in roundish masses, sometimes with coal.

Retinitis

Ret`i*ni"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. NL. & E. retina + -tis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the retina.

Retinoid

Ret"i*noid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resinlike, or resinform; resembling a resin without being such.

Retnol

Ret"*nol (?), n. [Gr. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon oil obtained by the distillation of resin, -- used in printer's ink.

Retinophora

Ret`i*noph"o*ra (?), n.; pl. Retiniphor\'91 (#). [NL., fr. NL. & E. retina + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of group of two to four united cells which occupy the axial part of the ocelli, or ommatidia, of the eyes of invertebrates, and contain the terminal nerve fibrill\'91. See Illust. under Ommatidium.

Retinophoral

Ret`i*noph"o*ral (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to retinophor\'91.

Retinoscopy

Ret`i*nos"co*py (?), n. [Retina + -scopy.] (Physiol.) The study of the retina of the eye by means of the ophthalmoscope.

Retinue

Ret"i*nue (?), n. [OE. retinue, OF. retinue, fr. retenir to retain, engage, hire. See Retain.] The body of retainers who follow a prince or other distinguished person; a train of attendants; a suite.
Others of your insolent retinue. Shak.
What followers, what retinue canst thou gain? Milton.
To have at one's retinue, to keep or employ as a retainer; to retain. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Retinula

Re*tin"u*la (?), n.; pl. Retinul\'91 (#). [NL., dim. of NL. & E. retina.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the group of pigmented cells which surround the retinophor\'91 of invertebrates. See Illust. under Ommatidium.

Retinulate

Re*tin"u*late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having, or characterized by, retinul

Retiped

Ret`i*ped (?), n. [L. rete a net + pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F. r\'82tinop\'8ade.] (Zo\'94l.) A bird having small polygonal scales covering the tarsi.

Retiracy

Re*tir"a*cy (?), n. Retirement; -- mostly used in a jocose or burlesque way. [U.S.] Bartlett.
What one of our great men used to call dignified retiracy. C. A. Bristed.

Retirade

Ret`i*rade" (?), n. [F.; cf. Sp. retirada retreat. See Retire.] (Fort.) A kind of retrenchment, as in the body of a bastion, which may be disputed inch by inch after the defenses are dismantled. It usually consists of two faces which make a re\'89ntering angle.

Retire

Re*tire" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Retiring.] [F. retirer; pref. re- re- + tirer to draw. See Tirade.]

1. To withdraw; to take away; -- sometimes used reflexively.

He . . . retired himself, his wife, and children into a forest. Sir P. Sidney.
As when the sun is present all the year, And never doth retire his golden ray. Sir J. Davies.

Page 1231

2. To withdraw from circulation, or from the market; to take up and pay; as, to retire bonds; to retire a note.

3. To cause to retire; specifically, to designate as no longer qualified for active service; to place on the retired list; as, to retire a military or naval officer.

Retire

Re*tire" (?), v. i.

1. To go back or return; to draw back or away; to keep aloof; to withdraw or retreat, as from observation; to go into privacy; as, to retire to his home; to retire from the world, or from notice.

To Una back he cast him to retire. Spenser.
The mind contracts herself, and shrinketh in, And to herself she gladly doth retire. Sir J. Davies.

2. To retreat from action or danger; to withdraw for safety or pleasure; as, to retire from battle.

Set Uriah in the forefront of the hottest battle, and retire ye from him, that he may be smitten, and die. 2 Sam. xi. 15.

3. To withdraw from a public station, or from business; as, having made a large fortune, he retired.

And from Britannia's public posts retire. Addison.

4. To recede; to fall or bend back; as, the shore of the sea retires in bays and gulfs.

5. To go to bed; as, he usually retires early. Syn. -- To withdraw; leave; depart; secede; recede; retreat; retrocede.

Retire

Re*tire", n.

1. The act of retiring, or the state of being retired; also, a place to which one retires. [Obs.]

The battle and the retire of the English succors. Bacon.
[Eve] discover'd soon the place of her retire. Milton.

2. (Mil.) A call sounded on a bugle, announcing to skirmishers that they are to retire, or fall back.

Retired

Re*tired" (?), a.

1. Private; secluded; quiet; as, a retired life; a person of retired habits.

A retired part of the peninsula. Hawthorne.

2. Withdrawn from active duty or business; as, a retired officer; a retired physician. Retired flank (Fort.), a flank bent inward toward the rear of the work. -- Retired list (Mil. & Naval), a list of officers, who, by reason of advanced age or other disability, are relieved from active service, but still receive a specified amount of pay from the government. -- Re*tired"ly, adv. -- Re*tired"ness, n.

Retirement

Re*tire"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. retirement.]

1. The act of retiring, or the state of being retired; withdrawal; seclusion; as, the retirement of an officer.

O, blest Retirement, friend of life's decline. Goldsmith.
Retirement, rural quiet, friendship, books. Thomson.

2. A place of seclusion or privacy; a place to which one withdraws or retreats; a private abode. [Archaic]

This coast full of princely retirements for the sumptousness of their buildings and nobleness of the plantations. Evelyn.
Caprea had been the retirement of Augustus. Addison.
Syn. -- Solitude; withdrawment; departure; retreat; seclusion; privacy. See Solitude.

Retirer

Re*tir"er (?), n. One who retires.

Retiring

Re*tir"ing, a.

1. Reserved; shy; not forward or obtrusive; as, retiring modesty; retiring manners.

2. Of or pertaining to retirement; causing retirement; suited to, or belonging to, retirement. Retiring board (Mil.), a board of officers who consider and report upon the alleged incapacity of an officer for active service. -- Retiring pension, a pension granted to a public officer on his retirement from office or service.

Retistene

Ret"i*stene (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline hydrocarbon produced indirectly from retene.

Retitel\'91

Ret`i*te"l\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. rete a net + tela a web.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of spiders which spin irregular webs; -- called also Retitelari\'91.

Retold

Re*told" (?), imp. & p. p. of Retell.

Retorsion

Re*tor"sion (?), n. Same as Retortion.

Retort

Re*tort" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Retorting.] [L. retortus, p. p. of retorquere; pref. re- re- + torquere to turn twist. See Torsion, and cf. Retort, n., 2.]

1. To bend or curve back; as, a retorted line.

With retorted head, pruned themselves as they floated. Southey.

2. To throw back; to reverberate; to reflect.

As when his virtues, shining upon others, Heat them and they retort that heat again To the first giver. Shak.

3. To return, as an argument, accusation, censure, or incivility; as, to retort the charge of vanity.

And with retorted scorn his back he turned. Milton.

Retort

Re*tort", v. i. To return an argument or a charge; to make a severe reply. Pope.

Retort

Re*tort", n. [See Retort, v. t.]

1. The return of, or reply to, an argument, charge, censure, incivility, taunt, or witticism; a quick and witty or severe response.

This is called the retort courteous. Shak.

2. [F. retorte (cf. Sp. retorta), fr. L. retortus, p. p. of retorquere. So named from its bent shape. See Retort, v. t.] (Chem. & the Arts) A vessel in which substances are subjected to distillation or decomposition by heat. It is made of different forms and materials for different uses, as a bulb of glass with a curved beak to enter a receiver for general chemical operations, or a cylinder or semicylinder of cast iron for the manufacture of gas in gas works. Tubulated retort (Chem.), a retort having a tubulure for the introduction or removal of the substances which are to be acted upon. Syn. -- Repartee; answer. -- Retort, Repartee. A retort is a short and pointed reply, turning back on an assailant the arguments, censure, or derision he had thrown out. A repartee is usually a good-natured return to some witty or sportive remark.

Retorter

Re*tort"er (?), n. One who retorts.

Retortion

Re*tor"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82torsion. See Retort, v. t.]

1. Act of retorting or throwing back; reflection or turning back. [Written also retorsion.]

It was, however, necessary to possess some single term expressive of this intellectual retortion. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. (Law) Retaliation. Wharton.

Retortive

Re*tort"ive (?), a. Containing retort.

Retoss

Re*toss" (?), v. t. To toss back or again.

Retouch

Re*touch" (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + touch: cf. F. retoucher.]

1. To touch again, or rework, in order to improve; to revise; as, to retouch a picture or an essay.

2. (Photog.) To correct or change, as a negative, by handwork.

Retouch

Re*touch", n. (Fine Arts) A partial reworking,as of a painting, a sculptor's clay model, or the like.

Retoucher

Re*touch"er (?), n. One who retouches.

Retrace

Re*trace" (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + trace: cf. F. retracer. Cf. Retract.]

1. To trace back, as a line.

Then if the line of Turnus you retrace, He springs from Inachus of Argive race. Driden.

2. To go back, in or over (a previous course); to go over again in a reverse direction; as, to retrace one's steps; to retrace one's proceedings.

3. To trace over again, or renew the outline of, as a drawing; to draw again.

Retract

Re*tract" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Retracting.] [F. r\'82tracter, L. retractare, retractatum, to handle again, reconsider, retract, fr. retrahere, retractum, to draw back. See Retreat.]

1. To draw back; to draw up or shorten; as, the cat can retract its claws; to retract a muscle.

2. Ti withdraw; to recall; to disavow; to recant; to take back; as, to retract an accusation or an assertion.

I would as freely have retracted this charge of idolatry as I ever made it. Bp. Stillingfleet.

3. To take back,, as a grant or favor previously bestowed; to revoke. [Obs.] Woodward. Syn. -- To recal; withdraw; rescind; revoke; unsay; disavow; recant; abjure; disown.

Retract

Re*tract", v. i.

1. To draw back; to draw up; as, muscles retract after amputation.

2. To take back what has been said; to withdraw a concession or a declaration.

She will, and she will not; she grants, denies, Consents, retracts, advances, and then files. Granville.

Retract

Re*tract", n. (Far.) The pricking of a horse's foot in nailing on a shoe.

Retractabl Re*tract"a*bl (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82tractable.] Capable of being retracted; retractile.

Retractate

Re*tract"ate (?), v. t. [L. retractatus, p. p. of retractare. See Retract.] To retract; to recant. [Obs.]

Retractation

Re`trac*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82tractation, L. retractatio a revision, reconsideration. ] The act of retracting what has been said; recantation.

Retractible

Re*tract"i*ble (?), a. Retractable.

Retractile

Re*tract"ile (?), a. [Cf. F. -r\'82tractile.] (Physiol.) CApable of retraction; capable of being drawn back or up; as, the claws of a cat are retractile.

Retraction

Re*trac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82traction, L. retractio a drawing back, hesitation.]

1. The act of retracting, or drawing back; the state of being retracted; as, the retraction of a cat's claws.

2. The act of withdrawing something advanced, stated, claimed, or done; declaration of change of opinion; recantation.

Other men's insatiable desire of revenge hath wholly beguiled both church and state of the benefit of all my either retractions or Eikon Basilike.

3. (Physiol.) (a) The act of retracting or shortening; as, the retraction of a severed muscle; the retraction of a sinew. (b) The state or condition of a part when drawn back, or towards the center of the body.

Retractive

Re*tract"ive (?), a. Serving to retract; of the nature of a retraction. -- Re*tract"ive*ly, adv.

Retractive

Re*tract"ive, n. That which retracts, or withdraws.

Retractor

Re*tract"or (?), n. One who, or that which, retracts. Specifically: (a) In breech-loading firearms, a device for withdrawing a cartridge shell from the barrel. (b) (Surg.) An instrument for holding apart the edges of a wound during amputation. (c) (Surg.) A bandage to protect the soft parts from injury by the saw during amputation. (d) (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) A muscle serving to draw in any organ or part. See Illust. under Phylactol\'91mata.

Retract

Re*tract" (?), n. Retreat. [Obs.] Bacon.

Retrait

Re*trait" (?), n. [It. ritratto, fr. ritrarre to draw back, draw, fr. L. retrahere. See Retract.] A portrait; a likeness. [Obs.]
Whose fair retrait I in my shield do bear. Spenser.

Retransform

Re`trans*form" (?), v. t. To transform anew or back. -- Re`trans*for*ma"tion (#), n.

Retranslate

Re`trans*late" (?), v. t. To translate anew; especially, to translate back into the original language.

Retraxit

Re*trax"it (?), n. [L., (he) has withdrawn. See Retract.] (O. Eng. Law) The withdrawing, or open renunciation, of a suit in court by the plaintiff, by which he forever lost his right of action. Blackstone.

Retread

Re*tread" (?), v. t. & i. To tread again.

Retreat

Re*treat" (?), n. [F. retraite, fr. retraire to withdraw, L. retrahere; pref. re- re- + trahere to draw. See Trace, and cf. Retract, Retrace.]

1. The act of retiring or withdrawing one's self, especially from what is dangerous or disagreeable.

In a retreat he oShak.

2. The place to which anyone retires; a place or privacy or safety; a refuge; an asylum.

He built his son a house of pleasure, and spared no cost to make a delicious retreat. L'Estrange.
That pleasing shade they sought, a soft retreat From sudden April showers, a shelter from the heat. Dryden.

3. (Mil. & Naval.) (a) The retiring of an army or body of men from the face of an enemy, or from any ground occupied to a greater distance from the enemy, or from an advanced position. (b) The withdrawing of a ship or fleet from an enemy for the purpose of avoiding an engagement or escaping after defeat. (c) A signal given in the army or navy, by the beat of a drum or the sounding of trumpet or bugle, at sunset (when the roll is called), or for retiring from action. &hand; A retreat is properly an orderly march, in which circumstance it differs from a flight.

4. (Eccl.) (a) A special season of solitude and silence to engage in religious exercises. (b) A period of several days of withdrawal from society to a religious house for exclusive occupation in the duties of devotion; as, to appoint or observe a retreat. Syn. -- Retirement; departure; withdrawment; seclusion; solitude; privacy; asylum; shelter; refuge.

Retreat

Re*treat" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Retreated; p. pr. & vb. n. Retreating.] To make a retreat; to retire from any position or place; to withdraw; as, the defeated army retreated from the field.
The rapid currents drive Towards the retreating sea their furious tide. Milton.

Retreatful

Re*treat"ful (?), a. Furnishing or serving as a retreat. [R.] "Our retreatful flood." Chapman.

Retreatment

Re*treat"ment (?), n. The act of retreating; specifically, the Hegira. [R.] D'Urfey.

Retrench

Re*trench" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retrenched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Retrenching.] [OF. retrenchier, F. retrancher; pref. re- re- + OF. trenchier, F. trancher, to cut. See Trench.]

1. To cut off; to pare away.

Thy exuberant parts retrench. Denham.

2. To lessen; to abridge; to curtail; as, to retrench superfluities or expenses.

But this thy glory shall be soon retrenched. Milton.

3. To confine; to limit; to restrict. Addison.

These figures, ought they then to receive a retrenched interpretation? I. Taylor.

4. (Fort.) To furnish with a retrenchment; as, to retrench bastions. Syn. -- To lesen; diminish; curtail; abridge.

Retrench

Re*trench", v. i. To cause or suffer retrenchment; specifically, to cut down living expenses; as, it is more reputable to retrench than to live embarrassed.

Retrenchment

Re*trench"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. retrenchment.]

1. The act or process of retrenching; as, the retrenchment of words in a writing.

The retrenchment of my expenses will convince you that Walpole.

2. (Fort.) A work constructed within another, to prolong the defense of the position when the enemy has gained possession of the outer work; or to protect the defenders till they can retreat or obtain terms for a capitulation. Syn. -- Lessening; curtailment; diminution; reduction; abridgment.

Retrial

Re*tri"al (?), n. A secdond trial, experiment, or test; a second judicial trial, as of an accused person.

Retribute

Re*trib"ute (?), v. t. [L. retributus, p. p. ofretribuere to retribute; pref re- + tribuere to bestow, assign, pay. See Tribute.] To pay back; to give in return, as payment, reward, or punishment; to requite; as, to retribute one for his kindness; to retribute just punishment to a criminal. [Obs. or R.] Locke.

Retributer

Re*trib"u*ter (?), n. One who makes retribution.

Retribution

Ret`ri*bu"tion (?), n. [L. retributio: cf. F. r\'82tribution.]

1. The act of retributing; repayment.

In good offices and due retributions, we may not be pinching and niggardly. Bp. Hall.

2. That which is given in repayment or compensation; return suitable to the merits or deserts of, as an action; commonly, condign punishment for evil or wrong.

All who have their reward on earth, . . . Naught seeking but the praise of men, here find Fit retribution, empty as their deeds. Milton.

3. Specifically, reward and punishment, as distributed at the general judgment.

It is a strong argument for a state of retribution hereafter, that in this world virtuous persons are very often unfortunate, and vicious persons prosperous. Addison.
Syn. -- Repayment; requital; recompense; payment; retaliation.

Retributive, Retributory

Re*trib"u*tive (?), Re*trib"u*to*ry, a. [Cf. LL. retributorius worthy of retribution.] Of or pertaining to retribution; of the nature of retribution; involving retribution or repayment; as, retributive justice; retributory comforts.

Retrievable

Re*triev"a*ble (?), a. [From Retrieve.] That may be retrieved or recovered; admitting of retrieval. -- Re*triev"a*ble*ness, n. -- Re*triev"a*bly, adv.

Retrieval

Re*triev"al (?), n. The act retrieving.

Retrieve

Re*trieve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retrieved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Retrieving.] [OE. retreven, OF. retrover to find again, recover (il retroevee finds again), F. retrouver; pref. re- re- + OF. trover to find, F. trouver. See Trover.]

1. To find again; to recover; to regain; to restore from loss or injury; as, to retrieve one's character; to retrieve independence.

With late repentance now they would retrieve The bodies they forsook, and wish to live. Dryden

2. To recall; to bring back.

To retrieve them from their cold, trivial conceits. Berkeley.

Page 1232

3. To remedy the evil consequence of, to repair, as a loss or damadge.

Accept my sorrow, and retrieve my fall. Prior.
There is much to be done . . . and much to be retrieved. Burke.
Syn. -- To recover; regain; recruit; repair; restore.

Retrieve

Re*trieve" (?), v. i. (Sport.) To discover and bring in game that has been killed or wounded; as, a dog naturally inclined to retrieve. Walsh.

Retrieve

Re*trieve", n.

1. A seeking again; a discovery. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. The recovery of game once sprung; -- an old sporting term. [Obs.] Nares.

Retrievement

Re*trieve"ment (?), n. Retrieval.

Retriever

Re*triev"er (?), n.

1. One who retrieves.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A dor, or a breed of dogs, chiefly employed to retrieve, or to find and recover game birds that have been killed or wounded.

Retrim

Re*trim" (?), v. t. To trim again.

Retriment

Ret"ri*ment (?), n. [L. retrimentum.] Refuse; dregs. [R.]

Retro-

Retro-. [L. retro, adv., backward, back. Cf. Re-.] A prefix or combining form signifying backward, back; as, retroact, to act backward; retrospect, a looking back.

Retroact

Re`tro*act" (?), v. i. [Pref. retro- + act.] To act backward, or in return; to act in opposition; to be retrospective.

Retroaction

Re`tro*ac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82troaction.]

1. Action returned, or action backward.

2. Operation on something past or preceding.

Retroactive

Re`tro*act"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82troactif.] Fitted or designed to retroact; operating by returned action; affecting what is past; retrospective. Beddoes. Retroactive law ∨ statute (Law), one which operates to make criminal or punishable, or in any way expressly to affect, acts done prior to the passing of the law.

Retroactively

Re`tro*act"ive*ly, adv. In a retroactive manner.

Retrocede

Re"tro*cede (?), v. t. [Pref. retro- + cede: cf. F. r\'82troc\'82der.] To cede or grant back; as, to retrocede a territory to a former proprietor.

Retrocede

Re"tro*cede, v. i. [L. retrocedere; retro backward, back + cedere to go. See Cede.] To go back.

Retrocedent

Re`tro*ced"ent (?), a. [L. retrocedens, p. pr.] Disposed or likely to retrocede; -- said of diseases which go from one part of the body to another, as the gout.

Retrocession

Re`tro*ces"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82trocession. See Retrocede.]

1. The act of retroceding.

2. The state of being retroceded, or granted back.

3. (Med.) Metastasis of an eruption or a tumor from the surface to the interior of the body.

Retrochoir

Re"tro*choir (?), n. [Pref. retro- + choir.] (Eccl. Arch.) Any extension of a church behind the higggggggh altar, as a chapel; also, in an apsidal church, all the space beyond the line of the back or eastern face of the altar.

Retrocopulant

Re`tro*cop"u*lant (?), a. [See Retrocopulation.] Copulating backward, or from behind.

Retrocopulation

Re`tro*cop`u*la"tion (?), n. [Pref. retro- + copulation.] Copulation from behind. Sir T. Browne.

Retroduction

Re`tro*duc"tion (?), n. [L. retroducere, retroductum, to lead or bring back; retro backward + ducere to lead.] A leading or bringing back.

Retroflex, Retroflexed

Re"tro*flex (?), Re"tro*flexed (?), a. [Pref. retro- + L. flectere, flexum, to bend, to turn.] Reflexed; bent or turned abruptly backward.

Retroflexion

Re`tro*flex"ion (?), n. The act of reflexing; the state of being retroflexed. Cf. Retroversion.

Retrofract, Retrofracted

Re"tro*fract (?), Re"tro*fract`ed, a. [Pref. retro- + L. fractus, p. p. of frangere to break.] (Bot.) Refracted; as, a retrofract stem.

Retrogenerative

Re`tro*gen"er*a*tive (?), a. [Pref. retro- + generative.] Begetting young by retrocopulation.

Retrogradation

Re`tro*gra*da"tion (?), n. [F. r\'82trogradation or L. retrogradatio. See Retrograde.]

1. The act of retrograding, or moving backward.

2. The state of being retrograde; decline.

Retrograde

Re"tro*grade (?), a. [L. retrogradus, from retrogradi, retrogressus, to retrograde; retro back + gradi to step: cf. F. r\'82trograde. See Grade.]

1. (Astron.) Apparently moving backward, and contrary to the succession of the signs, that is, from east to west, as a planet. Hutton.

And if he be in the west side in that condition, then is he retrograde. Chaucer.

2. Tending or moving backward; having a backward course; contrary; as, a retrograde motion; -- opposed to progressive. "Progressive and not retrograde." Bacon.

It is most retrograde to our desire. Shak.

3. Declining from a better to a worse state; as, a retrograde people; retrograde ideas, morals, etc. Bacon.

Retrograde

Re"tro*grade, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Retrograded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Retrograding.] [L. retrogradare, retrogradi: cf. F. r\'82trograder.]

1. To go in a retrograde direction; to move, or appear to move, backward, as a planet.

2. Hence, to decline from a better to a worse condition, as in morals or intelligence.

Retrogradingly

Re"tro*gra`ding*ly (?), adv. By retrograding; so as to retrograde.

Retrogress

Re"tro*gress (?), n. [Cf. L. retrogressus.] Retrogression. [R.] H. Spenser.

Retrogression

Re`tro*gres"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82trogression. See Retrograde, and cf. Digression.]

1. The act of retrograding, or going backward; retrogradation.

2. (Biol.) Backward development; a passing from a higher to a lower state of organization or structure, as when an animal, approaching maturity, becomes less highly organized than would be expected from its earlier stages or known relationship. Called also retrograde development, and regressive metamorphism.

Retrogressive

Re`tro*gres"sive, a. [Cf. F. r\'82trogressif.]

1. Tending to retrograde; going or moving backward; declining from a better to a worse state.

2. (Biol.) Passing from a higher to a lower condition; declining from a more perfect state of organization; regressive.

Retrogressively

Re`tro*gres"sive*ly, adv. In a retrogressive manner.

Retromingency

Re`tro*min"gen*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being retromingent. Sir T. Browne.

Retromingent

Re`tro*min"gent (?), a. [Pref. retro- + L. mingens, p. pr. of mingere to urinate.] Organized so as to discharge the urine backward. -- n. (Zo\'94l.) An animal that discharges its urine backward.

Retropulsive

Re`tro*pul"sive (?), a. [Pref. retro- + L. pellere, pulsum, to impel.] Driving back; repelling.

Retrorse

Re*trorse" (?), a. [L. retrorsus, retroversus; retro back + vertere, versum, to turn. Cf. Retrovert.] Bent backward or downward. -- Re*trorse"ly, adv.

Retrospect

Re"tro*spect (?), v. i. [L. retrospicere; retro back + specere, spectum, to look. See Spy, and cf. Expect.] To look backward; hence, to affect or concern what is past.
It may be useful to retrospect to an early period. A. Hamilton.

Retrospect

Re"tro*spect, n. A looking back on things past; view or contemplation of the past. Cowper.
We may introduce a song without retrospect to the old comedy. Landor.

Retrospection

Re`tro*spec"tion (?), n. The act, or the faculty, of looking back on things past.

Retrospective

Re`tro*spec"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82trospectif.]

1. Looking backward; contemplating things past; -- opposed to prospective; as, a retrospective view.

The sage, with retrospective eye. Pope.

2. Having reference to what is past; affecting things past; retroactive; as, a retrospective law.

Inflicting death by a retrospective enactment. Macaulay.

Retrospectively

Re`tro*spec"tive*ly, adv. By way of retrospect.

Retrovaccination

Re`tro*vac`ci*na"tion (?), n. (Med.)The inoculation of a cow with human vaccine virus.

Retroversion

Re`tro*ver"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82troversion. See Retrovert.] A turning or bending backward; also, the state of being turned or bent backward; displacement backwards; as, retroversion of the uterus. &hand; In retroversion the bending is gradual or curved; in retroflexion it is abrupt or angular.

Retrovert

Re"tro*vert (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retroverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Retroverting.] [Pref. retro- + L. vertere, versum, to turn. Cf. Retrorse.] To turn back.

Retroverted

Re"tro*vert*ed, a. In a state of retroversion.

Retrude

Re*trude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Retruded; p. pr. & vb. n. Retruding.] [L. retrudere; re- + trudere to thrust.] To thrust back. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Retruse

Re*truse" (?), a. [L. retrusus concealed, p. p. of retrudere.] Abstruse. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Retrusion

Re*tru"sion (?), n. The act of retruding, or the state of being retruded.
In virtue of an endless remotion or retrusion of the constituent cause. Coleridge.

Retry

Re*try" (?), v. t. To try (esp. judicially) a second time; as, to retry a case; to retry an accused person.

Rette

Rette (?), v. t. See Aret. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rettery

Ret"ter*y (?), n. A place or establishment where flax is retted. See Ret. Ure.

Retting

Ret"ting (?), n.

1. The act or process of preparing flax for use by soaking, meceration, and kindred processes; -- also called rotting. See Ret. Ure.

2. A place where flax is retted; a rettery. Ure.

Retund

Re*tund" (?), v. t. [L. retundere, retusum; pref. re- re- + tundere to beat.] To blunt; to turn, as an edge; figuratively, to cause to be obtuse or dull; as, to retund confidence. Ray. Cudworth.

Re-turn

Re-turn" (?), v. t. & i. To turn again.

Return

Re*turn" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Returned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Returning.] [OE. returnen, retournen, F. retourner; pref. re- re- + tourner to turn. See Turn.]

1. To turn back; to go or come again to the same place or condition. "Return to your father's house." Chaucer.

On their embattled ranks the waves return. Milton.
If they returned out of bondage, it must be into a state of freedom. Locke.
Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. Gen. iii. 19.

2. To come back, or begin again, after an interval, regular or irregular; to appear again.

With the year Seasons return; but not me returns Day or the sweet approach of even or morn. Milton.

3. To speak in answer; to reply; to respond.

He said, and thus the queen of heaven returned. Pope.

4. To revert; to pass back into possession.

And Jeroboam said in his heart, Now shall the kingdom return to the house of David. 1Kings xii. 26.

5. To go back in thought, narration, or argument. "But to return to my story." Fielding.

Return

Re*turn", v. t.

1. To bring, carry, send, or turn, back; as, to return a borrowed book, or a hired horse.

Both fled attonce, ne ever back returned eye. Spenser.

2. To repay; as, to return borrowed money.

3. To give in requital or recompense; to requite.

The Lord shall return thy wickedness upon thine own head. 1 Kings ii. 44.

4. To give back in reply; as, to return an answer; to return thanks.

5. To retort; to throw back; as, to return the lie.

If you are a malicious reader, you return upon me, that I affect to be thought more impartial than I am. Dryden.

6. To report, or bring back and make known.

And all the people answered together, . . . and Moses returned the words of the people unto the Lord. Ex. xix. 8.

7. To render, as an account, usually an official account, to a superior; to report officially by a list or statement; as, to return a list of stores, of killed or wounded; to return the result of an election.

8. Hence, to elect according to the official report of the election officers. [Eng.]

9. To bring or send back to a tribunal, or to an office, with a certificate of what has been done; as, to return a writ.

10. To convey into official custody, or to a general depository.

Instead of a ship, he should llevy money, and return the same to the treasurer for his majesty's use. Clarendon.

11. (Tennis) To bat (the ball) back over the net.

12. (Card Playing) To lead in response to the lead of one's partner; as, to return a trump; to return a diamond for a club. To return a lead (Card Playing), to lead the same suit led by one's partner. Syn. -- To restore; requite; repay; recompense; render; remit; report.

Return

Re*turn" (?), n.

1. The act of returning (intransitive), or coming back to the same place or condition; as, the return of one long absent; the return of health; the return of the seasons, or of an anniversary.

At the return of the year the king of Syria will come up against thee. 1 Kings xx. 22.
His personal return was most required and necessary. Shak.

2. The act of returning (transitive), or sending back to the same place or condition; restitution; repayment; requital; retribution; as, the return of anything borrowed, as a book or money; a good return in tennis.

You made my liberty your late request: Is no return due from a grateful breast? Dryden.

3. That which is returned. Specifically: (a) A payment; a remittance; a requital.

I do expect return Of thrice three times the value of this bond. Shak.
(b) An answer; as, a return to one's question. (c) An account, or formal report, of an action performed, of a duty discharged, of facts or statistics, and the like; as, election returns; a return of the amount of goods produced or sold; especially, in the plural, a set of tabulated statistics prepared for general information. (d) The profit on, or advantage received from, labor, or an investment, undertaking, adventure, etc.
The fruit from many days of recreation is very little; but from these few hours we spend in prayer, the return is great. Jer. Taylor.

4. (Arch.) The continuation in a different direction, most often at a right angle, of a building, face of a building, or any member, as a molding or mold; -- applied to the shorter in contradistinction to the longer; thus, a facade of sixty feet east and west has a return of twenty feet north and south.

5. (Law) (a) The rendering back or delivery of writ, precept, or execution, to the proper officer or court. (b) The certificate of an officer stating what he has done in execution of a writ, precept, etc., indorsed on the document. (c) The sending back of a commission with the certificate of the commissioners. (d) A day in bank. See Return day, below. Blackstone.

6. (Mil. & Naval) An official account, report, or statement, rendered to the commander or other superior officer; as, the return of men fit for duty; the return of the number of the sick; the return of provisions, etc.

7. pl. (Fort. & Mining) The turnings and windings of a trench or mine. Return ball, a ball held by an elastic string so that it returns to the hand from which it is thrown, -- used as a plaything. -- Return bend, a pipe fitting for connecting the contiguous ends of two nearly parallel pipes lying alongside or one above another. -- Return day (Law), the day when the defendant is to appear in court, and the sheriff is to return the writ and his proceedings. -- Return flue, in a steam boiler, a flue which conducts flame or gases of combustion in a direction contrary to their previous movement in another flue. -- Return pipe (Steam Heating), a pipe by which water of condensation from a heater or radiator is conveyed back toward the boiler.

Returnable

Re*turn"a*ble (?), a.

1. Capable of, or admitting of, being returned.

2. (Law) Legally required to be returned, delivered, given, or rendered; as, a writ or precept returnable at a certain day; a verdict returnable to the court.

Returner

Re*turn"er (?), n. One who returns.

Returnless

Re*turn"less, a. Admitting no return. Chapman.

Retuse

Re*tuse" (?), a. [L. retusus, p. p. : cf. F. r\'82tus. See Retund.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Having the end rounded and slightly indented; as, a retuse leaf.

Reule

Reule (?), n.& v. Rule. [Obs.]

Reume

Reume (?), n. Realm. [Obs.]

Reunion

Re*un"ion (?), n. [Pref. re- + union: cf. F. r\'82union.]

1. A second union; union formed anew after separation, secession, or discord; as, a reunion of parts or particles of matter; a reunion of parties or sects.

2. An assembling of persons who have been separated, as of a family, or the members of a disbanded regiment; an assembly so composed.

Reunite

Re`u*nite" (?), v. t. & i. To unite again; to join after separation or variance. Shak.
Page 1233

Reunitedly

Re`u*nit"ed*ly (?), adv. In a reunited manner.

Reunition

Re`u*ni"tion (?), n. A second uniting. [R.]

Reurge

Re*urge" (?), v. t. To urge again.

Revaccinate

Re*vac"ci*nate (?), v. t. To vaccinate a second time or again. -- Re*vac`ci*na"tion(#), n.

Revalescence

Rev`a*les"cence (?), n. The act of growing well; the state of being revalescent.
Would this prove that the patient's revalescence had been independent of the medicines given him? Coleridge.

Revalescent

Rev`a*les"cent (?), a. [L. revalescens, -entis, p. pr. of revalescere; pref. re- re- + valescere, v. incho. fr. valere to be well.] Growing well; recovering strength.

Revaluation

Re*val`u*a"tion (?), n. A second or new valuation.

Revamp

Re*vamp" (?), v. t. To vamp again; hence, topatch up; to reconstruct.

Reve

Reve (?), v. t. To reave. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reve

Reve, n. [See Reeve.] An officer, steward, or governor. [Usually written reeve.] [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Reveal

Re*veal" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revealed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Revealing.] [F. r\'82v\'82ler, L. revelare, revelatum, to unveil, reveal; pref. re- re- + velare to veil; fr. velum a veil. See Veil.]

1. To make known (that which has been concealed or kept secret); to unveil; to disclose; to show.

Light was the wound, the prince's care unknown, She might not, would not, yet reveal her own. Waller.

2. Specifically, to communicate (that which could not be known or discovered without divine or supernatural instruction or agency). Syn. -- To communicate; disclose; divulge; unveil; uncover; open; discover; impart; show. See Communicate. -- Reveal, Divulge. To reveal is literally to lift the veil, and thus make known what was previously concealed; to divulge is to scatter abroad among the people, or make publicly known. A mystery or hidden doctrine may be revealed; something long confined to the knowledge of a few is at length divulged. "Time, which reveals all things, is itself not to be discovered." Locke. "A tragic history of facts divulged." Wordsworth.

Reveal

Re*veal", n.

1. A revealing; a disclosure. [Obs.]

2. (Arch.) The side of an opening for a window, doorway, or the like, between the door frame or window frame and the outer surface of the wall; or, where the opening is not filled with a door, etc., the whole thickness of the wall; the jamb. [Written also revel.]

Revealability

Re*veal`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being revealable; revealableness.

Revealable

Re*veal"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being revealed. -- Re*veal"a*ble*ness, n.

Revealer

Re*veal"er (?), n. One who, or that which, reveals.

Revealment

Re*veal"ment (?), n. Act of revealing. [R.]

Revegetate

Re*veg"e*tate (?), v. i. To vegetate anew.

Reveille

Re*veil"le (?), n. [F. r\'82veil, fr. r\'82veiller to awake; pref. re- re- + pref. es- (L. ex) + veiller to awake, watch, L. vigilare to watch. The English form was prob. taken by mistake from the French imper. r\'82veillez,2d pers. pl. See Vigil.] (Mil.) The beat of drum, or bugle blast, about break of day, to give notice that it is time for the soldiers to rise, and for the sentinels to forbear challenging. "Sound a reveille." Dryden.
For at dawning to assail ye Here no bugles sound reveille. Sir W. Scott.

Revel

Rev"el (?), n. (Arch.) See Reveal. [R.]

Revel

Rev"el, n. [OF. revel rebellion, disorder, feast, sport. See Revel, v. i.] A feast with loose and noisy jollity; riotous festivity or merrymaking; a carousal.
This day in mirth and revel to dispend. Chaucer.
Some men ruin . . . their bodies by incessant revels. Rambler.
Master of the revels, Revel master. Same as Lord of misrule, under Lord.

Revel

Rev"el, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Reveled (?) or Revelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Reveling or Revelling.] [OF. reveler to revolt, rebel, make merry, fr. L. rebellare. See Rebel.]

1. To feast in a riotous manner; to carouse; to act the bacchanalian; to make merry. Shak.

2. To move playfully; to indulge without restraint. "Where joy most revels." Shak.

Revel

Re*vel" (?), v. t. [L. revellere; re- + vellere to pluck, pull.] To draw back; to retract. [Obs.] Harvey.

Revelate

Rev"e*late (?), v. t. [L. revelatus, p. p. of revelare to reveal.] To reveal. [Obs.] Frith. Barnes.

Revelation

Rev`e*la"tion (?), n. [F. r\'82v\'82lation, L. revelatio. See Reveal.]

1. The act of revealing, disclosing, or discovering to others what was before unknown to them.

2. That which is revealed.

3. (Theol.) (a) The act of revealing divine truth. (b) That which is revealed by God to man; esp., the Bible.

By revelation he made known unto me the mystery, as I wrote afore in few words. Eph. iii. 3.

4. Specifically, the last book of the sacred canon, containing the prophecies of St. John; the Apocalypse.

Revelator

Rev"e*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who makes a revelation; a revealer. [R.]

Reveler

Rev"el*er (?), n. [Written also reveller.] One who revels. "Moonshine revelers." Shak.

Revellent

Re*vel"lent (?), a. [L. revellens, p. pr. of revellere. See Revel, v. t.] Causing revulsion; revulsive. -- n. (Med.) A revulsive medicine.

Revelment

Rev"el*ment (?), n. The act of reveling.

Revelous

Rev"el*ous (?), a. [OF. reveleus.] Fond of festivity; given to merrymaking or reveling. [Obs.]
Companionable and revelous was she. Chaucer.

Revel-rout

Rev"el-rout` (?), n. [See Rout.]

1. Tumultuous festivity; revelry. [Obs.] Rowe.

2. A rabble; a riotous assembly; a mob. [Obs.]

Reverry

Rev"er*ry (?), n. [See Revel, v. i. & n.] The act of engaging in a revel; noisy festivity; reveling.
And pomp and feast and revelry. Milton.

Revendicate

Re*ven"di*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revendicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Revendicating.][Cf. F. revendiquer. See Revenge.] To reclaim; to demand the restoration of. [R.] Vattel (Trans. ).

Revendication

Re*ven`di*ca""tion (?), n. [F. revendication.] The act of revendicating. [R.] Vattel (Trans. )

Revenge

Re*venge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revenged (?), p. pr. & vb. n. Revenging (.] [OF. revengier, F. revancher; pref. re- re- + OF. vengier to avenge, revenge, F. venger, L. vindicare. See Vindicate, Vengerance, and cf. Revindicate.]

1. To inflict harm in return for, as an injury, insult, etc.; to exact satisfaction for, under a sense of injury; to avenge; -- followed either by the wrong received, or by the person or thing wronged, as the object, or by the reciprocal pronoun as direct object, and a preposition before thewrong done or the wrongdoer.

To revenge the death of our fathers. Ld. Berners.
The gods are just, and will revenge our cause. Dryden.
Come, Antony, and young Octavius, come, Revenge yourselves alone on Cassius. Shak.

2. To inflict injury for, in a spiteful, wrong, or malignant spirit; to wreak vengeance for maliciously. Syn. -- To avenge; vindicate. See Avenge.

Revenge

Re*venge", v. i. To take vengeance; -- with upon. [Obs.] "A bird that will revenge upon you all." Shak.

Revenge

Re*venge", n.

1. The act of revenging; vengeance; retaliation; a returning of evil for evil.

Certainly, in taking revenge, a man is even with his enemy; but in passing it over he is superior. Bacon.

2. The disposition to revenge; a malignant wishing of evil to one who has done us an injury.

Revenge now goes To lay a complot to betray thy foes. Shak.
The indulgence of revenge tends to make men more savage and cruel. Kames.

Revengeable

Re*venge"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being revenged; as, revengeable wrong. Warner.

Revengeance

Re*venge"ance (?), n. Vengeance; revenge. [Obs.]

Revengeful

Re*venge"ful (?), a. Full of, or prone to, revenge; vindictive; malicious; revenging; wreaking revenge.
If thy revengeful heart can not forgive. Shak.
May my hands . . . Never brandish more rebvengeful steel. Shak.
Syn. -- Vindictive; vengeful; resentful; malicious. -- Re*venge"ful*ly, adv. -- Re*venge"ful*ness, n.

Revengeless

Re*venge"less, a. Unrevenged. [Obs.] Marston.

Revengement

Re*venge"ment (?), n. Revenge. [Obs.]
He 'll breed revengement and a scourge for me. Shak.

Revenger

Re*ven"ger (?), n. One who revenges. Shak.

Revenging

Re*ven"ging (?), a. Executing revenge; revengeful. -- Re*ven"ging*ly, adv. Shak.

Revenue

Rev"e*nue (?), n. [F. revenu, OF. revenue, fr. revenir to return, L. revenire; pref. re- re- + venire to come. See Come.]

1. That which returns, or comes back, from an investment; the annual rents, profits, interest, or issues of any species of property, real or personal; income.

Do not anticipate your revenues and live upon air till you know what you are worth. Gray.

2. Hence, return; reward; as, a revenue of praise.

3. The annual yield of taxes, excise, customs, duties, rents, etc., which a nation, state, or municipality collects and receives into the treasury for public use. Revenue cutter, an armed government vessel employed to enforce revenue laws, prevent smuggling, etc.

Reverb

Re*verb" (?), v. t. To echo. [Obs.] Shak.

Reverberant

Re*ver"ber*ant (?), a. [L. reverberans, p. pr. : cf. F. r\'82verb\'82rant. See Reverberate.] Having the quality of reverberation; reverberating.

Reverberate

Re*ver"ber*ate (?), a. [L. reverberatus, p. p. of reverberare to strike back, repel; pref. re- re- + verberare to lash, whip, beat, fr. verber a lash, whip, rod.]

1. Reverberant. [Obs.] "The reverberate hills." Shak.

2. Driven back, as sound; reflected. [Obs.] Drayton.

Reverberate

Re*ver"ber*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reverberated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reverberating.]

1. To return or send back; to repel or drive back; to echo, as sound; to reflect, as light, as light or heat.

Who, like an arch, reverberates The voice again. Shak.

2. To send or force back; to repel from side to side; as, flame is reverberated in a furnace.

3. Hence, to fuse by reverberated heat. [Obs.] "Reverberated into glass." Sir T. Browne.

Reverberate

Re*ver"ber*ate, v. i.

1. To resound; to echo.

2. To be driven back; to be reflected or repelled, as rays of light; to be echoed, as sound.

Reverberation

Re*ver`ber*a"tion (?), n. [CF. F. r\'82verb\'82ration.] The act of reverberating; especially, the act of reflecting light or heat, or re\'89choing sound; as, the reverberation of rays from a mirror; the reverberation of rays from a mirror; the reverberation of voices; the reverberation of heat or flame in a furnace.

Reverberative

Re*ver"ber*a*tive (?), a. Of the nature of reverberation; tending to reverberate; reflective.
This reverberative influence is that which we have intended above, as the influence of the mass upon its centers. I. Taylor.

Reverberator

Re*ver"ber*a`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, produces reverberation.

Reverberatory

Re*ver"ber*a*to*ry (?), a. Producing reverberation; acting by reverberation; reverberative. Reverberatory furnace. See the Note under Furnace.

Reverberatory

Re*ver"ber*a*to*ry, n. A reverberatory furnace.

Reverdure

Re*ver"dure (?), v. t. To cover again with verdure. Ld. Berners.

Revere

Re*vere" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Revering.] [L. revereri; pref. re- re- + vereri to fear, perh. akin to E. wary: cf. F. r\'82v\'82rer.] To regard with reverence, or profound respect and affection, mingled with awe or fear; to venerate; to reverence; to honor in estimation.
Marcus Aurelius, whom he rather revered as his father than treated as his partner in the empire. Addison.
Syn. -- To venerate; adore; reverence.

Reverence

Rev"er*ence (?), n. [F. r\'82v\'82rence, L. reverentia. See Reverent.]

1. Profound respect and esteem mingled with fear and affection, as for a holy being or place; the disposition to revere; veneration.

If thou be poor, farewell thy reverence. Chaucer.
Reverence, which is the synthesis of love and fear. Coleridge.
When discords, and quarrels, and factions, are carried openly and audaciously, it is a sign the reverence of government islost. Bacon.
&hand; Formerly, as in Chaucer, reverence denoted "respect" "honor", without awe or fear.

2. The act of revering; a token of respect or veneration; an obeisance.

Make twenty reverences upon receiving . . . about twopence. Goldsmith.
And each of them doeth all his diligence To do unto the feast reverence. Chaucer.

3. That which deserves or exacts manifestations of reverence; reverend character; dignity; state.

I am forced to lay my reverence by. Shak.

4. A person entitled to be revered; -- a title applied to priests or other ministers with the pronouns his or your; sometimes poetically to a father. Shak. Save your reverence, Saving your reverence, an apologetical phrase for an unseemly expression made in the presence of a priest or clergyman. -- Sir reverence, a contracted form of Save your reverence.

Such a one as a man may not speak of, without he say. "Sir reverence." Shak.
-- To do reverence, to show reverence or honor; to perform an act of reverence.
Now lies he there, And none so poor to do him reverence. Shak.
Syn. -- Awe; honor; veneration; adoratuon; dread. -- Awe, Reverence, Dread, Veneration. Reverence is a strong sentiment of respect and esteem, sometimes mingled slightly with fear; as, reverence for the divine law. Awe is a mixed feeling of sublimity and dread in view of something great or terrible, sublime or sacred; as, awe at the divine presence. It does not necessarily imply love. Dread is an anxious fear in view of an impending evil; as, dread of punishment. Veneration is reverence in its strongest manifestations. It is the highest emotion we can exercise toward human beings. Exalted and noble objects produce reverence; terrific and threatening objects awaken dread; a sense of the divine presence fills us with awe; a union of wisdom and virtue in one who is advanced in years inspires us with veneration.

Reverence

Rev"er*ence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reverenced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reverencing (?).] To regard or treat with reverence; to regard with respect and affection mingled with fear; to venerate.
Let . . . the wife see that she reverence her husband. Eph. v. 33.
Those that I reverence those I fear, the wise. Shak.

Reverencer

Rev"er*en*cer (?), n. One who regards with reverence. "Reverencers of crowned heads." Swift.

Reverend

Rev"er*end (?), a. [F. r\'82v\'82rend, L. reverendus, fr. revereri. See Revere.] Worthy of reverence; entitled to respect mingled with fear and affection; venerable.
A reverend sire among them came. Milton.
They must give good example and reverend deportment in the face of their children. Jer. Taylor.
&hand; This word is commonly given as a title of respect to ecclesiastics. A clergyman is styled the reverend; a dean, the very reverend; a bishop, the right reverend; an archbishop, the most reverend.

Reverendly

Rev"er*end*ly, adv. Reverently. [Obs.] Foxe.

Reverent

Rev"er*ent (?), a. [L. reverens, -entis, p. pr. of revereri. See Revere.]

1. Disposed to revere; impressed with reverence; submissive; humble; respectful; as, reverent disciples. "They . . . prostrate fell before him reverent." Milton.

2. Expressing reverence, veneration, devotion, or submission; as, reverent words; reverent behavior. Joye.

Reverential

Rev`er*en"tial (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82v\'82renciel. See Reverence.] Proceeding from, or expressing, reverence; having a reverent quality; reverent; as, reverential fear or awe. "A reverential esteem of things sacred." South.

Reverentially

Rev`er*en"tial*ly, adv. In a reverential manner.

Reverently

Rev"er*ent*ly, adv. In a reverent manner; in respectful regard.

Reverer

Re*ver"er (?), n. One who reveres.

Reverie, Revery

Rev"er*ie (?), Rev"er*y (?), n.; pl. Reveries (#). [F. r\'82verie, fr. r\'88ver to dream, rave, be light-headed. Cf. Rave.]

1. A loose or irregular train of thought occurring in musing or mediation; deep musing; daydream. "Rapt in nameless reveries." Tennyson.

When ideas float in our mind without any reflection or regard of the understanding, it is that which the French call revery, our language has scarce a name for it. Locke.

2. An extravagant concient of the fancy; a vision. [R.]

There are infinite reveries and numberless extravagancies pass through both [wise and foolish minds]. Addison.
<-- sic. left out a "which"? -->

Reversal

Re*ver"sal (?), a. [See Reverse.] Intended to reverse; implying reversal. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.

Reversal

Re*ver"sal, n. [From Reverse.]

1. The act of reversing; the causing to move or face in an opposite direction, or to stand or lie in an inverted position; as, the reversal of a rotating wheel; the reversal of objects by a convex lens.

2. A change or overthrowing; as, the reversal of a judgment, which amounts to an official declaration that it is false; the reversal of an attainder, or of an outlawry, by which the sentence is rendered void. Blackstone.

Reverse

Re*verse" (?), a. [OE. revers, OF. revers, L. reversus, p. p. of revertere. See Revert.]

1. Turned backward; having a contrary or opposite direction; hence; opposite or contrary in kind; as, the reverse order or method. "A vice reverse unto this." Gower.

2. Turned upside down; greatly disturbed. [Obs.]

He found the sea diverse With many a windy storm reverse. Gower.

3. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Reversed; as, a reverse shell. Reverse bearing (Surv.), the bearing of a back station as observed from the station next in advance. -- Reverse curve (Railways), a curve like the letter S, formed of two curves bending in opposite directions. -- Reverse fire (Mil.), a fire in the rear. -- Reverse operation (Math.), an operation the steps of which are taken in a contrary order to that in which the same or similar steps are taken in another operation considered as direct; an operation in which that is sought which in another operation is given, and that given which in the other is sought; as, finding the length of a pendulum from its time of vibration is the reverse operation to finding the time of vibration from the length.


Page 1234

Reverse

Re*verse" (?), n. [Cf. F. revers. See Reverse, a.]

1. That which appears or is presented when anything, as a lance, a line, a course of conduct, etc., is reverted or turned contrary to its natural direction.

He did so with the reverse of the lance. Sir W. Scott.

2. That which is directly opposite or contrary to something else; a contrary; an opposite. Chaucer.

And then mistook reverse of wrong for right. Pope.
To make everything the reverse of what they have seen, is quite as easy as to destroy. Burke.

3. The act of reversing; complete change; reversal; hence, total change in circumstances or character; especially, a change from better to worse; misfortune; a check or defeat; as, the enemy met with a reverse.

The strange reverse of fate you see; I pitied you, now you may pity me. Dryden.
By a reverse of fortune, Stephen becomes rich. Lamb.

4. The back side; as, the reverse of a drum or trench; the reverse of a medal or coin, that is, the side opposite to the obverse. See Obverse.

5. A thrust in fencing made with a backward turn of the hand; a backhanded stroke. [Obs.] Shak.

6. (Surg.) A turn or fold made in bandaging, by which the direction of the bandage is changed.

Reverse

Re*verse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reversed (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Reversing.] [See Reverse, a., and cf. Revert.]

1. To turn back; to cause to face in a contrary direction; to cause to depart.

And that old dame said many an idle verse, Out of her daughter's heart fond fancies to reverse. Spenser.

2. To cause to return; to recall. [Obs.]

And to his fresh remembrance did reverse The ugly view of his deformed crimes. Spenser.

3. To change totally; to alter to the opposite.

Reverse the doom of death. Shak.
She reversed the conduct of the celebrated vicar of Bray. Sir W. Scott.

4. To turn upside down; to invert.

A pyramid reversed may stand upon his point if balanced by admirable skill. Sir W. Temple.

5. Hence, to overthrow; to subvert.

These can divide, and these reverse, the state. Pope.
Custom . . . reverses even the distinctions of good and evil. Rogers.

6. (Law) To overthrow by a contrary decision; to make void; to under or annual for error; as, to reverse a judgment, sentence, or decree. Reverse arms (Mil.), a position of a soldier in which the piece passes between the right elbow and the body at an angle of 45\'f8, and is held as in the illustration. -- To reverse an engine ∨ a machine, to cause it to perform its revolutions or action in the opposite direction. Syn. -- To overturn; overset; invert; overthrow; subvert; repeal; annul; revoke; undo.

Reverse

Re*verse", v. i.

1. To return; to revert. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To become or be reversed.

Reversed

Re*versed" (?), a.

1. Turned side for side, or end for end; changed to the contrary; specifically (Bot. & Zo\'94l.), sinistrorse or sinistral; as, a reversed, or sinistral, spiral or shell.

2. (Law) Annulled and the contrary substituted; as, a reversed judgment or decree. Reversed positive ∨ negative (Photog.), a picture corresponding with the original in light and shade, but reversed as to right and left. Abney.

Reversedly

Re*vers"ed*ly (?), adv. In a reversed way.

Reverseless

Re*verse"less, a. Irreversible. [R.] A. SEward.

Reversely

Re*verse"ly, adv. In a reverse manner; on the other hand; on the opposite. Bp. Pearson.

Reverser

Re*vers"er (?), n. One who reverses.

Reversibility

Re*vers`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being reversible. Tyndall.

Reversible

Re*vers"i*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82versible revertible, reversionary.]

1. Capable of being reversed; as, a chair or seat having a reversible back; a reversible judgment or sentence.

2. Hence, having a pattern or finished surface on both sides, so that either may be used; -- said of fabrics. Reversible lock, a lock that may be applied to a door opening in either direction, or hinged to either jamb. -- Reversible process. See under Process.

Reversibly

Re*vers"i*bly, adv. In a reversible manner.

Reversing

Re*vers"ing, a. Serving to effect reversal, as of motion; capable of being reversed. Reversing engine, a steam engine having a reversing gear by means of which it can be made to run in either direction at will. -- Reversing gear (Mach.), gear for reversing the direction of rotation at will.

Reversion

Re*ver"sion (?), n. [F. r\'82version, L. reversio a turning back. See Revert.]

1. The act of returning, or coming back; return. [Obs.]

After his reversion home, [he] was spoiled, also, of all that he brought with him. Foxe.

2. That which reverts or returns; residue. [Obs.]

The small reversion of this great navy which came home might be looked upon by religious eyes as relics. Fuller.

3. (Law) The returning of an esttate to the grantor or his heirs, by operation of law, after the grant has terminated; hence, the residue of an estate left in the proprietor or owner thereof, to take effect in possession, by operation of law, after the termination of a limited or less estate carved out of it and conveyed by him. Kent.

4. Hence, a right to future possession or enjoiment; succession.

For even reversions are all begged before. Dryden.

5. (Annuities) A payment which is not to be received, or a benefit which does not begin, until the happening of some event, as the death of a living person. Brande &C.

6. (Biol.) A return towards some ancestral type or character; atavism. Reversion of series (Alg.), the act of reverting a series. See To revert a series, under Revert, v. t.

Reversionary

Re*ver"sion*a*ry (?), a. (Law) Of or pertaining to a reversion; involving a reversion; to be enjoyed in succession, or after the termination of a particular estate; as, a reversionary interest or right.

Reversionary

Re*ver"sion*a*ry, n. (Law) That which is to be received in reversion.

Reversioner

Re*ver"sion*er (?), n. (Law) One who has a reversion, or who is entitled to lands or tenements, after a particular estate granted is terminated. Blackstone.

Reversis

Re*ver"sis (?), n. [F.] A certain game at cards.

Revert

Re*vert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Reverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Reverting.] [L. revertere, reversum; pref. re- re- + vertere to turn: cf. OF. revertir. See Verse, and cf. Reverse.]

1. To turn back, or to the contrary; to reverse.

Till happy chance revert the cruel scence. Prior.
The tumbling stream . . . Reverted, plays in undulating flow. Thomson.

2. To throw back; to reflect; to reverberate.

3. (Chem.) To change back. See Revert, v. i. To revert a series (Alg.), to treat a series, as y = a + bx + cx2 + etc., where one variable y is expressed in powers of a second variable x, so as to find therefrom the second variable x, expressed in a series arranged in powers of y.

Revert

Re*vert", v. i.

1. To return; to come back.

So that my arrows Would have reverted to my bow again. Shak.

2. (Law) To return to the proprietor after the termination of a particular estate granted by him.

3. (Biol.) To return, wholly or in part, towards some pre\'89xistent form; to take on the traits or characters of an ancestral type.

4. (Chem.) To change back, as from a soluble to an insoluble state or the reverse; thus, phosphoric acid in certain fertilizers reverts.

Revert

Re*vert", n. One who, or that which, reverts.
An active promoter in making the East Saxons converts, or rather reverts, to the faith. Fuller.

Reverted

Re*vert"ed, a. Turned back; reversed. Specifically: (Her.) Bent or curved twice, in opposite directions, or in the form of an S.

Revertent

Re*vert"ent (?), n. (Med.) A remedy which restores the natural order of the inverted irritative motions in the animal system. [Obs.] E. Darwin.

Reverter

Re*vert"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, reverts.

2. (Law) Reversion. Burrill.

Revertible

Re*vert"i*ble (?), a. Capable of, or admitting of, reverting or being reverted; as, a revertible estate.

Revertive

Re*vert"ive (?), a. Reverting, or tending to revert; returning. -- Re*vert"ive*ly, adv.
The tide revertive, unattracted, leaves A yellow waste of idle sands behind. Thomson.

Revery

Rev"er*y (?), n. Same as Reverie.

Revest

Re*vest" (?), v. t. [OF reverstir, F. rev\'88tir, L. revestire; pref. re- re- + vestire to clothe, fr. vestis a garment. See Vestry, and cf. Revet.]

1. To clothe again; to cover, as with a robe; to robe.

Her, nathless, . . . the enchanter< id thus revest and decked with due habiliments. Spenser.

2. To vest again with possession or office; as, to revest a magistrate with authority.

Revest

Re*vest", v. i. To take effect or vest again, as a title; to revert to former owner; as, the title or right revels in A after alienation.

Revestiary

Re*ves"ti*a*ry (?), n. [LL. revestiarium: cf. F. revestiaire. See Revest.] The apartment, in a church or temple, where the vestments, etc., are kept; -- now contracted into vestry.

Revestry

Re*ves"try (?), n. Same as Revestiary. [Obs.]

Revestture

Re*vest"ture (?), n. Vesture. [Obs.]
Richrevesture of cloth of gold. E. Hall.

Revet

Re*vet" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revetted;p. pr. & vb. n. Revetting.] [See Revetment.] (Mil. & Civil Engineering) To face, as an embankment, with masonry, wood, or other material.

Revetment

Re*vet"ment (?), n. [F. rev\'88tment the lining of a dith, fr. rev\'88tir to clothe, L. revestire. See Revest,v. t.] (Fort. & Engin.) A facing of wood, stone, or any other material, to sustain an embankment when it receives a slope steeper than the natural slope; also, a retaining wall. [Written also rev\'88tement (

Revibrate

Re*vi"brate (?), v. i. To vibrate back or in return. -- Re`vi*bra"tion (#), n.

Revict

Re*vict" (?), v. t. [L. revictus, p. p. of revincere to conquer.] To reconquer. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Reviction

Re*vic"tion (?), n. [From L. revivere, revictum, to live again; pref. re- re- + vivere to live.] Return to life. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Revictual

Re*vict"ual (?), v. t. To victual again.

Revie

Re*vie" (?), v. t.

1. To vie with, or rival, in return.

2. (Card Playing) To meet a wager on, as on the taking of a trick, with a higher wager. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Revie

Re*vie", v. i.

1. To exceed an adversary's wager in card playing. [Obs.]

2. To make a retort; to bandy words. [Obs.]

Review

Re*view" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Review (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reveiwing.] [Pref. re- + view. Cf. Riview, n. ]

1. To view or see again; to look back on [R.] "I shall review Sicilia." Shak.

2. To go over and examine critically or deliberately. Specifically: (a) To reconsider; to revise, as a manuscript before printing it, or a book for a new edition. (b) To go over with critical examination, in order to discover exellences or defects; hence, to write a critical notice of; as, to review a new novel. (c) To make a formal or official examination of the state of, as troops, and the like; as, to review a regiment. (d) (Law) To re\'89xamine judically; as, a higher court may review the proceedings and judgments of a lower one.

3. To retrace; to go over again.

Shall I the long, laborious scene review? Pope.

Review

Re*view", v. i. To look back; to make a review.

Review

Re*view", n. [F. revue, fr. revu, p. p. of revoir to see again, L. revidere; pref. re- re- + videre to see. See View, and cf. Revise.]

1. A second or repeated view; a re\'89xamination; a retrospective survey; a looking over again; as, a review of one's studies; a review of life.

2. An examination with a view to amendment or improvement; revision; as, an author's review of his works.

3. A critical examination of a publication, with remarks; a criticism; a critique.

4. A periodical containing critical essays upon matters of interest, as new productions in literature, art, etc.

5. An inspection, as of troops under arms or of a naval force, by a high officer, for the purpose of ascertaining the state of discipline, equipments, etc.

6. (Law) The judicial examination of the proceedings of a lower court by a higher.

7. A lesson studied or recited for a second time. Bill of review (Equity), a bill, in the nature of proceedings in error, filed to procure an examination and alteration or reversal of a final decree which has been duly signed and enrolled. Wharton. -- Commission of review (Eng. Eccl. Law), a commission formerly granted by the crown to revise the sentence of the court of delegates. Syn. -- Re\'89xamination; resurvey; retrospect; survey; reconsideration; revisal; revise; revision.

Reviewable

Re*view"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being reviewed.

Reviewal

Re*view"al (?), n. A review. [R.] Southey.

Reviewer

Re*view"er (?), n. One who reviews or re\'89xamines; an inspector; one who examines publications critically, and publishes his opinion upon their merits; a professional critic of books.

Revigorate

Re*vig"or*ate (?), a. [LL. revigoratus, p. p. of revigorare; L. re- + vigor vigor.] Having new vigor or strength; invigorated anew. [R.] Southey.

Revigorate

Re*vig"or*ate (?), v. t. To give new vigor to. [Obs.]

Revile

Re*vile" (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Reviled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reviling.] [Pref. re- + OF. aviler to make vile, depreciate, F. avilir; \'85 (L. ad.) + vil vile. See Vile.] To address or abuse with opprobrious and contemptuous language; to reproach. "And did not she herself revile me there?" Shak.
Who, when he was reviled, reviled not again. 1 Pet. ii. 23.
Syn. -- To reproach; vilify; upbraid; calumniate.

Revile

Re*vile", n. Reproach; reviling. [Obs.]
The gracious Judge, without revile, replied. Milton.

Revilement

Re*vile"ment (?), n. The act of reviling; also, contemptuous language; reproach; abuse. Spenser.

Reviler

Re*vil"er (?), n. One who reviles. 1. Cor. vi. 10.

Reviling

Re*vil"ing, n. Reproach; abuse; vilification.
Neither be ye afraid of their revilings. Isa. li. 7.

Reviling

Re*vil"ing, a. Uttering reproaches; containing reproaches. -- Re*vil"ing*ly, adv.

Revince

Re*vince" (?), v. t. [See Revict.] To overcome; to refute, as error. [Obs.] Foxe.

Revindicate

Re*vin"di*cate (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + vindicate. Cf. Revindicate, Revenge.] To vindicate again; to reclaim; to demand and take back. Mitford.

Revirescence

Rev`i*res"cence (?), n. [L. revirescens, p. pr. of revirescere to grow green again.] A growing green or fresh again; renewal of youth or vigor. [Obs.]

Revisable

Re*vis"a*ble (?), a.That may be revised.

Revisal

Re*vis"al (?), n. [From Revise.] The act of revising, or reviewing and re\'89xamining for correction and improvement; revision; as, the revisal of a manuscript; the revisal of a proof sheet; the revisal of a treaty.

Revise

Re*vise" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Revising.] [F. reviser, fr. L. revidere, revisum, to see again; pref. re- re- + videre, visum, tosee. See Review, View.]

1. To look at again for the detection of errors; to re\'89xamine; to review; to look over with care for correction; as, to revise a writing; to revise a translation.

2. (Print.) To compare (a proof) with a previous proof of the same matter, and mark again such errors as have not been corrected in the type.

3. To review, alter, and amend; as, to revise statutes; to revise an agreement; to revise a dictionary. The Revised Version of the Bible, a version prepared in accordance with a resolution passed, in 1870, by both houses of the Convocation of the Province of Canterbury, England. Both English and American revisers were employed on the work. It was first published in a complete form in 1885, and is a revised form of the Authorized Version. See Authorized Version, under Authorized.

Revise

Re*vise", n.

1. A review; a revision. Boyle.

2. (Print.) A second proof sheet; a proof sheet taken after the first or a subsequent correction.

Reviser

Re*vis"er (?), n. One who revises.

Revision

Re*vi"sion (?), n. [F. r\'82vision, L. revisio.]

1. The act of revising; re\'89xamination for correction; review; as, the revision of a book or writing, or of a proof sheet; a revision of statutes.

2. That which is made by revising. Syn. -- Re\'89xamination; revisal; revise; review.

Revisional, Revisionary

Re*vi"sion*al (?), Re*vi"sion*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to revision; revisory.
Page 1235

Revisit

Re*vis"it (?), v. t.

1. To visit again. Milton.

2. To revise. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.

Revisitation

Re*vis`it*a"tion (?), n. The act of revisiting.

Revisory

Re*vi"so*ry (?), a. Having the power or purpose to revise; revising. Story.

Revitalize

Re*vi"tal*ize (?), v. t. To restore vitality to; to bring back to life. L. S. Beale.

Revivable

Re*viv"a*ble (?), a. That may be revived.

Revival

Re*viv"al (?), n. [From Revive.] The act of reviving, or the state of being revived. Specifically: (a) Renewed attention to something, as to letters or literature. (b) Renewed performance of, or interest in, something, as the drama and literature. (c) Renewed interest in religion, after indifference and decline; a period of religious awakening; special religious interest. (d) Reanimation from a state of langour or depression; -- applied to the health, spirits, and the like. (e) Renewed pursuit, or cultivation, or flourishing state of something, as of commerce, arts, agriculture. (f) Renewed prevalence of something, as a practice or a fashion. (g) (Law) Restoration of force, validity, or effect; renewal; as, the revival of a debt barred by limitation; the revival of a revoked will, etc. (h) Revivification, as of a metal. See Revivification, 2.

Revivalism

Re*viv"al*ism (?), n. The spirit of religious revivals; the methods of revivalists.

Revivalist

Re*viv"al*ist, n. A clergyman or layman who promotes revivals of religion; an advocate for religious revivals; sometimes, specifically, a clergyman, without a particular charge, who goes about to promote revivals. Also used adjectively.

Revivalistic

Re*viv`al*is"tic (?), a. Pertaining to revivals.

Revive

Re*vive" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Revived (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Reviving.] [F. revivere, L. revivere; pref. re- re- + vivere to live. See Vivid.]

1. To return to life; to recover life or strength; to live anew; to become reanimated or reinvigorated. Shak.

The Lord heard the voice of Elijah; and the soul of the child came into again, and he revived. 1 Kings xvii. 22.

2. Hence, to recover from a state of oblivion, obscurity, neglect, or depression; as, classical learning revived in the fifteenth century.

3. (Old Chem.) To recover its natural or metallic state, as a metal.

Revive

Re*vive", v. t. [Cf. F. reviver. See Revive, v. i.]

1. To restore, or bring again to life; to reanimate.

Those bodies, by reason of whose mortality we died, shall be revived. Bp. Pearson.

2. To raise from coma,, languor, depression, or discouragement; to bring into action after a suspension.

Those gracious words revive my drooping thoughts. Shak.
Your coming, friends, revives me. Milton.

3. Hence, to recover from a state of neglect or disuse; as, to revive letters or learning.

4. To renew in the mind or memory; to bring to recollection; to recall attention to; to reawaken. "Revive the libels born to die." Swift.

The mind has a power in many cases to revive perceptions which it has once had. Locke.

5. (Old Chem.) To restore or reduce to its natural or metallic state; as, to revive a metal after calcination.

Revivement

Re*vive"ment (?), n. Revival. [R.]

Reviver

Re*viv"er (?), n. One who, or that which, revives.

Revivificate

Re`vi*vif"i*cate (?), v. t. [Pref. re- + vivificate: cf. L. revivificare, revivificatum. Cf. Revivify.] To revive; to recall or restore to life. [R.]

Revivification

Re*viv`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. r\'82vivification.]

1. Renewal of life; restoration of life; the act of recaling, or the state of being recalled, to life.

2. (Old Chem.) The reduction of a metal from a state of combination to its metallic state.

Revivify

Re*viv"i*fy (?), v. t. [Cf. F. r\'82vivifier, L. revivificare. See Vivify.] To cause to revive.
Some association may revivify it enough to make it flash, after a long oblivion, into consciousness. Sir W. Hamilton.

Reviving

Re*viv"ing (?), a. & n. Returning or restoring to life or vigor; reanimating. Milton. -- Re*viv"ing*ly, adv.

Reviviscence, Revviscency

Rev`i*vis"cence (?), Rev`*vis"cen*cy (?), n. The act of reviving, or the state of being revived; renewal of life.
In this age we have a sort of reviviscence, not, I fear, of the power, but of a taste for the power, of the early times. Coleridge.

Reviviscent

Rev`i*vis"cent (?), a. [L. reviviscens, p. pr. ofreviviscere to revive; pref. re- re- + viviscere, v. incho. fr. vivere to live.] Able or disposed to revive; reviving. E. Darwin.

Revivor

Re*viv"or (?), n. (Eng. Law) Revival of a suit which is abated by the death or marriage of any of the parties, -- done by a bill of revivor. Blackstone.

Revocability

Rev`o*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being revocable; as, the revocability of a law.

Revocable

Rev"o*ca*ble (?), a. [L. revocabilis: cf. F. r\'82vocable. See Revoke.] Capable of being revoked; as, a revocable edict or grant; a revocable covenant. -- Rev"o*ca*ble*ness, n. -- Rev"o*ca*bly, adv.

Revocate

Rev"o*cate (?), v. t. [L. revocatus, p. p. of revocare. See Revoke.] To recall; to call back. [Obs.]

Revocation

Rev`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L. revocatio: cf. F. r\'82vocation.]

1. The act of calling back, or the state of being recalled; recall.

One that saw the people bent for the revocation of Calvin, gave him notice of their affection. Hooker.

2. The act by which one, having the right, annuls an act done, a power or authority given, or a license, gift, or benefit conferred; repeal; reversal; as, the revocation of an edict, a power, a will, or a license.

Revocatory

Rev"o**ca*to*ry (?), a. [L. revocatorius: cf. F. r\'82vocatoire.] Of or pertaining to revocation; tending to, or involving, a revocation; revoking; recalling.

Revoice

Re*voice" (?), v. t. To refurnish with a voice; to refit, as an organ pipe, so as to restore its tone.

Revoke

Re*voke" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revoked (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Revoking.] [F. r\'82voquer, L. revocare; pref. re- re- + vocare to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice. See Voice, and cf. Revocate.]

1. To call or bring back; to recall. [Obs.]

The faint sprite he did revoke again, To her frail mansion of morality. Spenser.

2. Hence, to annul, by recalling or taking back; to repeal; to rescind; to cancel; to reverse, as anything granted by a special act; as, , to revoke a will, a license, a grant, a permission, a law, or the like. Shak.

3. To hold back; to repress; to restrain. [Obs.]

[She] still strove their sudden rages to revoke. Spenser.

4. To draw back; to withdraw. [Obs.] Spenser.

5. To call back to mind; to recollect. [Obs.]

A man, by revoking and recollecting within himself former passages, will be still apt to inculcate these sad memoris to his conscience. South.
Syn. -- To abolish; recall; repeal; rescind; countermand; annul; abrogate; cancel; reverse. See Abolish.

Revoke

Re*voke" (?), v. i. (Card Playing) To fail to follow suit when holding a card of the suit led, in violation of the rule of the game; to renege. Hoyle.

Revoke

Re*voke", n. (Card Playing) The act of revoking.
She [Sarah Battle] never made a revoke. Lamb.

Revokement

Re*voke"ment (?), n. Revocation. [R.] Shak.

Revoker

Re*vok"er (?), n. One who revokes.

Revokingly

Re*vok"ing*ly, adv. By way of revocation.

Revolt

Re*volt" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Revolted; p. pr. & vb. n. Revolting.] [Cf. F. r\'82voller, It. rivoltare. See Revolt, n.]

1. To turn away; to abandon or reject something; specifically, to turn away, or shrink, with abhorrence.

But this got by casting pearl to hogs, That bawl for freedom in their senseless mood, And still revolt when trith would set them free. Milton.
HIs clear intelligence revolted from the dominant sophisms of that time. J. Morley.

2. Hence, to be faithless; to desert one party or leader for another; especially, to renounce allegiance or subjection; to rise against a government; to rebel.

Our discontented counties do revolt. Shak.
Plant those that have revolted in the van. Shak.

3. To be disgusted, shocked, or grossly offended; hence, to feel nausea; -- with at; as, the stomach revolts at such food; his nature revolts at cruelty.

Revolt

Re*volt", v. t.

1. To cause to turn back; to roll or drive back; to put to flight. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To do violence to; to cause to turn away or shrink with abhorrence; to shock; as, to revolt the feelings.

This abominable medley is made rather to revolt young and ingenuous minds. Burke.
To derive delight from what inflicts pain on any sentient creatuure revolted his conscience and offended his reason. J. Morley.

Revolt

Re*volt", n. [F. r\'82volte, It. rivolta, fr. rivolto, p. p. fr. L. revolvere, revolutum. See Revolve.]

1. The act of revolting; an uprising against legitimate authority; especially, a renunciation of allegiance and subjection to a government; rebellion; as, the revolt of a province of the Roman empire.

Who first seduced them to that foul revolt? Milton.

2. A revolter. [Obs.] "Ingrate revolts." Shak. Syn. -- Insurrection; sedition; rebellion; mutiny. See Insurrection.

Revolter

Re*volt"er (?), n. One who revolts.

Revolting

Re*volt"ing, a. Causing abhorrence mixed with disgust; exciting extreme repugnance; loathsome; as, revolting cruelty. -- Re*volt"ing*ly, adv.

Revoluble

Rev"o*lu*ble (?), a. [L. revolubilis that may be rolled back. See Revolve.] Capable of revolving; rotatory; revolving. [Obs.]
Us, then, to whom the thrice three year Hath filled his revoluble orb since our arrival here, I blame not. Chapman.

Revolute

Rev"o*lute (?), a. [L. revolutus, p. p. of revolvere. See Revolve.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Rolled backward or downward. &hand; A revolute leaf is coiled downwards, with the lower surface inside the coil. A leaf with revolute margins has the edges rolled under, as in the Andromeda polifilia.

Revolution

Rev`o*lu"tion (?), n. [F. r\'82volution, L. revolutio. See Revolve.]

1. The act of revolving, or turning round on an axis or a center; the motion of a body round a fixed point or line; rotation; as, the revolution of a wheel, of a top, of the earth on its axis, etc.

2. Return to a point before occupied, or to a point relatively the same; a rolling back; return; as, revolution in an ellipse or spiral.

That fear Comes thundering back, with dreadful revolution, On my defenseless head. Milton.

3. The space measured by the regular return of a revolving body; the period made by the regular recurrence of a measure of time, or by a succession of similar events. "The short revolution of a day." Dryden.

4. (Astron.) The motion of any body, as a planet or satellite, in a curved line or orbit, until it returns to the same point again, or to a point relatively the same; -- designated as the annual, anomalistic, nodical, sidereal, or tropical revolution, according as the point of return or completion has a fixed relation to the year, the anomaly, the nodes, the stars, or the tropics; as, the revolution of the earth about the sun; the revolution of the moon about the earth. &hand; The term is sometimes applied in astronomy to the motion of a single body, as a planet, about its own axis, but this motion is usually called rotation.

5. (Geom.) The motion of a point, line, or surface about a point or line as its center or axis, in such a manner that a moving point generates a curve, a moving line a surface (called a surface of revolution), and a moving surface a solid (called a solid of revolution); as, the revolution of a right-angled triangle about one of its sides generates a cone; the revolution of a semicircle about the diameter generates a sphere.

6. A total or radical change; as, a revolution in one's circumstances or way of living.

The ability . . . of the great philosopher speedily produced a complete revolution throughout the department. Macaulay.

7. (Politics) A fundamental change in political organization, or in a government or constitution; the overthrow or renunciation of one government, and the substitution of another, by the governed.

The violence of revolutions is generally proportioned to the degree of the maladministration which has produced them. Macaulay.
&hand; When used without qualifying terms, the word is often applied specifically, by way of eminence, to: (a) The English Revolution in 1689, when William of Orange and Mary became the reigning sovereigns, in place of James II. (b) The American Revolution, beginning in 1775, by which the English colonies, since known as the United States, secured their independence. (c) The revolution in France in 1789, commonly called the French Revolution, the subsequent revolutions in that country being designated by their dates, as the Revolution of 1830, of 1848, etc.

Revolutionary

Rev`o*lu"tion*a*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82volutionnaire.] Of or pertaining to a revolution in government; tending to, or promoting, revolution; as, revolutionary war; revolutionary measures; revolutionary agitators.

Revolutionary

Rev`o*lu"tion*a*ry, n. A revolutionist. [R.]
Dumfries was a Tory town, and could not tolerate a revolutionary. Prof. Wilson.

Revolutioner

Rev`o*lu"tion*er (?), n. One who is engaged in effecting a revolution; a revolutionist. Smollett.

Revolutionism

Rev`o*lu"tion*ism (?), n. The state of being in revolution; revolutionary doctrines or principles.

Revolutionist

Rev`o*lu"tion*ist, n. One engaged in effecting a change of government; a favorer of revolution. Burke.

Revolutionize

Rev`o*lu"tion*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Revolutioniezed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Revolutionizing(?).] To change completely, as by a revolution; as, to revolutionize a government. Ames.
The gospel . . . has revolutionized his soul. J. M. Mason.

Revolutive

Re*vol"u*tive (?), a. Inclined to revolve things in the mind; meditative. [Obs.] Feltham.

Revolvable

Re*volv"a*ble (?), a. That may be revolved.

Revolve

Re*volve" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Revolved(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Revolving.] [L. revolvere, revolutum; pref. re- re- + volvere to roll, turn round. See Voluble, and cf. Revolt, revolution.]

1. To turn or roll round on, or as on, an axis, like a wheel; to rotate, -- which is the more specific word in this sense.

If the earth revolve thus, each house pear the equator must move a thousand miles an hour. I. Watts.

2. To move in a curved path round a center; as, the planets revolve round the sun.

3. To pass in cycles; as, the centuries revolve.

4. To return; to pass. [R.] Ayliffe.

Revolve

Re*volve", v. t.

1. To cause to turn, as on an axis.

Then in the east her turn she shines, Revolved on heaven's great axile. Milton.

2. Hence, to turn over and over in the mind; to reflect repeatedly upon; to consider all aspects of.

This having heard, straight I again revolved The law and prophets. Milton.

Revolvement

Re*volve"ment (?), n. Act of revolving. [R.]

Revolvency

Re*volv"en*cy (?), n. The act or state of revolving; revolution. [Archaic]
Its own revolvency upholds the world. Cowper.

Revolver

Re*volv"er (?), n.One who, or that which, revolves; specifically, a firearm ( commonly a pistol) with several chambers or barrels so arranged as to revolve on an axis, and be discharged in succession by the same lock; a repeater.

Revolving

Re*volv"ing, a. Making a revolution or revolutions; rotating; -- used also figuratively of time, seasons, etc., depending on the revolution of the earth.
But grief returns with the revolving year. Shelley.
Revolving seasons, fruitless as they pass. Cowper.
Revolving firearm. See Revolver. -- Revolving light, a light or lamp in a lighthouse so arranged as to appear and disappear at fixed intervals, either by being turned about an axis so as to show light only at intervals, or by having its light occasionally intercepted by a revolving screen.

Revulse

Re*vulse" (?), v. t. [L. revulsus, p. p. of revellere.] To pull back with force. [R.] Cowper.

Revulsion

Re*vul"sion (?), n. [F. r\'82vulsion, L. revulsio, fr. revellere, revulsum, to pluck or pull away; pref. re- re- + vellere to pull. Cf. Convulse.]

1. A strong pulling or drawing back; withdrawal. "Revulsions and pullbacks." SSir T. Brovne.

2. A sudden reaction; a sudden and complete change; -- applied to the feelings.

A sudden and violent revulsion of feeling, both in the Parliament and the country, followed. Macaulay.

3. (Med.) The act of turning or diverting any disease from one part of the body to another. It resembles derivation, but is usually applied to a more active form of counter irritation.

Revulsive

Re*vul"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. r\'82vulsif.] Causing, or tending to, revulsion.

Revulsive

Re*vul"sive, n. That which causes revulsion; specifically (Med.), a revulsive remedy or agent.

Rew

Rew (?), n. [See Row a series.] A row. [Obs.] Chaucer. "A rew of sundry colored stones." Chapman.

Rewake

Re*wake"" (?), v. t. & i. To wake again.
Page 1236

Reward

Re*ward" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rewarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Rewarding.] [OF. rewarder, another form of regarder, of German origin. The original sense is, to look at, regard, hence, to regard as worthy, give a reward to. See Ward, Regard.] To give in return, whether good or evil; -- commonly in a good sense; to requite; to recompense; to repay; to compensate.
After the deed that is done, one doom shall reward, Mercy or no mercy as truth will accord. Piers Plowman.
Thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I have rewarded thee evil. 1 Sam. xxiv. 17.
I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will reward them that hate me. Deut. xxxii. 41.
God rewards those that have made use of the single talent. Hammond.

Reward

Re*ward" (?), n. [See Reward, v., and cf. Regard, n.]

1. Regard; respect; consideration. [Obs.]

Take reward of thine own value. Chaucer.

2. That which is given in return for good or evil done or received; esp., that which is offered or given in return for some service or attainment, as for excellence in studies, for the return of something lost, etc.; recompense; requital.

Thou returnest From flight, seditious angel, to receive Thy merited reward. Milton.
Rewards and punishments do always presuppose something willingly done well or ill. Hooker.

3. Hence, the fruit of one's labor or works.

The dead know not anything, neither have they any more a reward. Eccl. ix. 5.

4. (Law) Compensation or remuneration for services; a sum of money paid or taken for doing, or forbearing to do, some act. Burrill. Syn. -- Recompense; compensation; remuneration; pay; requital; retribution; punishment.

Rewardable

Re*ward"a*ble (?), a. Worthy of reward. -- Re*ward"a*ble*ness, n. -- Re*ward"a*bly, adv.

Rewarder

Re*ward"er (?), n. One who rewards.

Rewardful

Re*ward"ful (?), a. Yielding reward. [R.]

Rewardless

Re*ward"less, a. Having, or affording, no reward.

Rewe

Rewe (?), v. t. & i. Tu rue. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rewel bone

Rew"el bone` (?). [Perh. from F. rouelle, dim. of roue a wheel, L. rota.] An obsolete phrase of disputed meaning, -- perhaps, smooth or polished bone.
His saddle was of rewel boon. Chaucer.

Rewet

Rew"et (?), n. [See Rouet.] A gunlock. [R.]

Rewful

Rew"ful (?), a. Rueful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rewin

Re*win" (?), v. t. To win again, or win back.
The Palatinate was not worth the rewinning. Fuller.

Rewle

Rewle (?), n. & v. Rule. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rewme

Rewme (?), n. Realm. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Reword

Re*word" (?), v. t.

1. To repeat in the same words; to re\'89cho. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To alter the wording of; to restate in other words; as, to reword an idea or a passage.

Rewrite

Re*write" (?), v. t. To write again. Young.

Rewth

Rewth (?), n. Ruth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rex

Rex (?), n.; pl. Reges (#). [L.] A king. To play rex, to play the king; to domineer. [Obs.]

Reyn

Reyn (?), n. Rain or rein. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reynard

Rey"nard (?), n. An appelation applied after the manner of a proper name to the fox. Same as Renard.

Reyse

Reyse (?), v. t. To raise. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Reyse

Reyse, v. i. [Cf. G. reisen to travel.] To go on a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rhabarbarate

Rha*bar"ba*rate (?), a. [From NL. rhabarbarum, an old name of rhubarb. See Rhubarb.] Impregnated or tinctured with rhubarb. Floyer.

Rhabarbarin, ∨ Rhabarbarine

Rha*bar"ba*rin (?), ∨ Rha*bar"ba*rine (?), n. (Chem.) Chrysophanic acid.

Rhabdite

Rhab"dite (?), n. [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A minute smooth rodlike or fusiform structure found in the tissues of many Turbellaria.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the hard parts forming the ovipositor of insects.

Rhabdoc\'d2la

Rhab`do*c\'d2"la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of Turbellaria including those that have a simple cylindrical, or saclike, stomach, without an intestine.

Rhabdoc\'d2lous

Rhab`do*c\'d2"lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Rhabdoc\'d2la.

Rhabdoidal

Rhab*doid"al (?), a. See Sagittal.

Rhabdolith

Rhab"do*lith (?), n. [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + -lith.] A minute calcareous rodlike structure found both at the surface and the bottom of the ocean; -- supposed by some to be a calcareous alga.

Rhabdology

Rhab*dol"o*gy (?), n. Same as Rabdology.

Rhabdom

Rhab"dom (?), n. [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod.] (Zo\'94l.) One of numerous minute rodlike structures formed of two or more cells situated behind the retinul\'91 in the compound eyes of insects, etc. See Illust. under Ommatidium.

Rhabdomancy

Rhab"do*man`cy (?), n. Same as Rabdomancy.

Rhabdomere

Rhab"do*mere (?), n. [Rhabdom + -mere.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the several parts composing a rhabdom.

Rhabdophora

Rhab*doph"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + (Zo\'94l.) An extinct division of Hydrozoa which includes the graptolities.

Rhabdopleura

Rhab`do*pleu"ra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine Bryozoa in which the tubular cells have a centralchitinous axis and the tentacles are borne on a bilobed lophophore. It is the type of the order Pterobranchia, or Podostomata

Rhabdosphere

Rhab"do*sphere (?), n. [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + E. sphere.] A minute sphere composed of rhabdoliths.

Rhachialgia

Rha`chi*al"gi*a (?), n. [NL.] See Rachialgia.

Rhachidian

Rha*chid"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the rhachis; as, the rhachidian teeth of a mollusk.

Rhachiglossa

Rhach`i*glos"sa (?), n.pl. [NL. See Rhachis, and Glossa.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of marine gastropods having a retractile proboscis and three longitudinal rows of teeth on the radula. It includes many of the large ornamental shells, as the miters, murices, olives, purpuras, volutes, and whelks. See Illust. in Append.

Rhachilla

Rha*chil"la (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`chis the spine.] (Bot.) A branch of inflorescence; the zigzag axis on which the florets are arranged in the spikelets of grasses.

Rhachiodont

Rha"chi*o*dont (?), a. [Gr. "ra`chis, -ios, the spine + (Zo\'94l.) Having gular teeth formed by a peculiar modification of the inferior spines of some of the vertebr\'91, as certain South African snakes (Dasypelits) which swallow birds' eggs and use these gular teeth to crush them.

Rhachis

Rha"chis (?), n.; pl. E. Rhachises (#), L. Rhachides (#). [See Rachis.] [Written also rechis.]

1. (Anat.) The spine.

2. (Bot.) (a) The continued stem or midrib of a pinnately compound leaf, as in a rose leaf or a fern. (b) The principal axis in a raceme, spike, panicle, or corymb.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The shaft of a feather. The rhachis of the after-shaft, or plumule, is called the hyporhachis. (b) The central cord in the stem of a crinoid. (c) The median part of the radula of a mollusk. (d) A central cord of the ovary of nematodes.

Rhachitis

Rha*chi"tis (?), n. [NL.] See Rachitis.

Rhadamanthine

Rhad`a*man"thine (?), a. Of or pertaining to Rhadamanthus; rigorously just; as, a Rhadamanthine judgment.

Rhagamanthus

Rhag`a*man"thus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Greek Mythol.) One of the three judges of the internal regions; figuratively, a strictly just judge.

Rh Rh (?), a & n. Rhetain.

Rh Rh (?), a. [L. Rhaeticus Rhetain.] (Geol.) Pertining to, or of the same horizon as, certain Mesozoic strata of the Rhetain Alps. These strata are regarded as closing the Triassic period. See the Chart of Geology.

Rh Rh (?), n. [So called from L. Rhaetia, Raetia, the Rhetain Alps, where it is found.] (Min.) A variety of the mineral cyanite.

Rhamadan

Rham`a*dan" (?), n. See Ramadan.

Rhamnaceous

Rham*na"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of shrubs and trees (Rhamnace\'91, or Rhamne\'91) of which the buckthorn (Rhamnus) is the type. It includes also the New Jersey tea, the supple-jack, and one of the plants called lotus (Zizyphus).

Rhamnus

Rham"nus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. rhamnos.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs and small trees; buckthorn. The California Rhamnus Purchianus and the European R. catharticus are used in medicine. The latter is used for hedges.

Rhamphorhynchus

Rham`pho*rhyn"chus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of pterodactyls in which the elongated tail supported a leathery expansion at the tip.

Rhamphotheca

Rham`pho*the"ca (?), n.; pl. Rhamphothec\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr (Zo\'94l.) The horny covering of the bill of birds.

Rhaphe

Rha"phe (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The continuation of the seed stalk along the side of an anatropous ovule or seed, forming a ridge or seam. [Written also raphe.] Gray.

Rhaphides

Rhaph"i*des (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. raphides.] (Bot.) Minute transparent, often needlle-shaped, crystals found in the tissues of plants. [Written also raphides.]

Rhaponticine

Rha*pon"ti*cine (, n. [L. rhaponticum rhubarb. See Rhubarb.] (Chem.) Chrysophanic acid.

Rhapsode

Rhap"sode (?), n. [Gr. Rhapsody.] (Gr. Antiq.) A rhapsodist. [R.] Grote.

Rhapsoder

Rhap"so*der (?), n. A rhapsodist. [Obs.]

Rhapsodic, Rhapsodic

Rhap*sod"ic (?), Rhap*sod"ic (?) a. [Gr. rhapsodique.] Of or pertaining to rhapsody; consisting of rhapsody; hence, confused; unconnected. -- Rhap*sod"ic*al*ly, adv.

Rhapsodist

Rhap"so*dist (?), n. [From Rhapsody.]

1. Anciently, one who recited or composed a rhapsody; especially, one whose profession was to recite the verses of Hormer and other epic poets.

2. Hence, one who recites or sings poems for a livelihood; one who makes and repeats verses extempore.

The same populace sit for hours listening to rhapsodists who recite Ariosto. Carlyle.

3. One who writes or speaks disconnectedly and with great excitement or affectation of feeling. I. Watts.

Rhapsodize

Rhap"so*dize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rhapsodized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rhapsodizing.] To utter as a rhapsody, or in the manner of a rhapsody Sterne.

Rhapsodize

Rhap"so*dize, v. i. To utter rhapsodies. Jefferson.

Rhapsodomancy

Rhap"so*do*man`cy (?), n. [Rhapsody + -mancy.] Divination by means of verses.

Rhapsody

Rhap"so*dy (?), n.; pl. Rhapsodies (#). [F. rhapsodie, L. rhapsodia, Gr. Ode.]

1. A recitation or song of a rhapsodist; a portion of an epic poem adapted for recitation, or usually recited, at one time; hence, a division of the Iliad or the Odyssey; -- called also a book.

2. A disconnected series of sentences or statements composed under excitement, and without dependence or natural connection; rambling composition. "A rhapsody of words." Shak. "A rhapsody of tales." Locke.

3. (Mus.) A composition irregular in form, like an improvisation; as, Liszt's "Hungarian Rhapsodies."

Rhatany, Rhatanhy

Rhat"a*ny, Rhat"an*hy (?), n. [Sp. ratania, rata\'a4a, Peruv. rata\'a4a.] The powerfully astringent root of a half-shrubby Peruvian plant (Krameria triandra). It is used in medicine and to color port wine. [Written also ratany.] Savanilla rhatany, the root of Krameria Ixina, a native of New Granada.

Rhea

Rhe"a (?), n. (Bot.) The ramie or grass-cloth plant. See Grass-cloth plant, under Grass.

Rhea

Rhe"a, n. [L., a proper name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of three species of large South American ostrichlike birds of the genera Rhea and Pterocnemia. Called also the American ostrich. &hand; The common rhea, or nandou (Rhea Americana), ranges from Brazil to Patagonia. Darwin's rhea (Pterocnemia Darwinii), of Patagonia, is smaller, and has the legs feathered below the knee.

Rhe\'91

Rhe"\'91 (?), n.pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of struthious birds including the rheas.

Rheeboc

Rhee"boc (?), n. [D. reebok roebuck.] (Zo\'94l.) The peele. [Written also reebok.]

Rheic

Rhe"ic (?), a. [NL. Rheum rhubarb, Gr. Rhubarb.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called chrysophanic acid) found in rhubarb (Rheum). [Obsoles.]

Rhein

Rhe"in (?), n. (Chem.) Chrysophanic acid.

Rheinberry

Rhein"ber*ry (?), n. [G. rheinbeere.] (Bot.) One of the berries or drupes of the European buckthorn; also, the buckthorn itself.

Rhematic

Rhe*mat"ic (?), a. [Gr. Rhetoric.] (Gram.) Having a verb for its base; derived from a verb; as, rhematic adjectives. Ftzed. Hall.

Rhematic

Rhe*mat"ic, n. The doctrine of propositions or sentences. Coleridge.

Rhemish

Rhemish (?), a. Of or pertaining to Rheimis, or Reima, in France. Rhemish Testament, the English version of the New Testament used by Roman Catholics. See Douay Bible.

Rhenish

Rhen"ish (?), a. [L. Rhenus the Rhine. ] Of or pertaining to the river Rhine; as, Rhenish wine. -- n. Rhine wine.

Rheochord

Rhe"o*chord (?), n. [Gr. (Elec.) A metallic wire used for regulating the resistance of a circuit, or varying the strength of an electric current, by inserting a greater or less length of it in the circuit.

Rheometer

Rhe*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] [Written also reometer.]

1. (Physics) An instrument for measuring currents, especially the force or intensity of electrical currents; a galvanometer.

2. (Physiol.) An instrument for measuring the velocity of the blood current in the arteries.

Rheometric

Rhe`o*met"ric (?), a. Of or pertaining to a rheometer or rheometry. Lardner.

Rheometry

Rhe*om"e*try (?), n.

1. The measurement of the force or intensity of currents.

2. (Math.) The calculus; fluxions. [R.]

Rheomotor

Rhe"o*mo`tor (?), n. [Gr.motor.] (Elec.) Any apparatus by which an electrical current is originated. [R.]

Rheophore

Rhe"o*phore (?), n. [Gr. (Elec.) (a) A connecting wire of an electric or voltaic apparatus, traversed by a current. (b) One of the poles of a voltaic battery; an electrode.

Rheoscope

Rhe"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Physics) An instrument for detecting the presence or movement of currents, as of electricity.

Rheostat

Rhe"o*stat (?), n. [Gr. (Elec.) A contrivance for adjusting or regulating the strength of electrical currents, operating usually by the intercalation of resistance which can be varied at will. Wheatstone. --Rhe`o*stat"ic (#), a.

Rheotome

Rhe"o*tome (?), n. [Gr. (Elec.) An instrument which periodically or otherwise interrupts an electric current. Wheatstone.

Rheotrope

Rhe"o*trope (?), n. [Gr. (Elec.) An instrument for reversing the direction of an electric current. [Written also reotrope.]

Rhesus

Rhe"sus (?), n. [L. Rhesus, a proper name, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A monkey; the bhunder.
Page 1237

Rhetian

Rhe"ti*an (?), a. [L. Rhaetius, Raetius: cf. F. rh\'82tien.] Pertaining to the ancient Rh\'91ti, or Rh\'91tians, or to Rh\'91tia, their country; as, the Rhetian Alps, now the country of Tyrol and the Grisons.

Rhetic

Rhe"tic (?), a. (Min.) Same as Rh\'91tic.

Rhetizite

Rhe"ti*zite (?), n. (Min.) Same as Rh\'91tizite.

Rhetor

Rhe"tor (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. A rhetorician. [Obs.] Hammond.

Rhetoric

Rhet"o*ric (?), n. [F. rh\'82torique, L. rhetorica, Gr. word; cf.

1. The art of composition; especially, elegant composition in prose.

2. Oratory; the art of speaking with propriety, elegance, and force. Locke.

3. Hence, artificial eloquence; fine language or declamation without conviction or earnest feeling.

4. Fig. : The power of persuasion or attraction; that which allures or charms.

Sweet, silent rhetoric of persuading eyes. Daniel.

Rhetorical

Rhe*tor"ic*al (?), a. [L. rhetoricus, Gr. Rhetoric.] Of or pertaining to rhetoric; according to, or exhibiting, rhetoric; oratorical; as, the rhetorical art; a rhetorical treatise; a rhetorical flourish.
They permit him to leave their poetical taste ungratified, provided that he gratifies their rhetorical sense. M. Arnold.
-- Rhe*tor"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Rhe*tor"ic*al*ness, n.

Rhetoricate

Rhe*tor"i*cate (?), v. i. [L. rhetoricari. See Rhetoric.] To play the orator. [Obs.] South.

Rhetorication

Rhe*tor`i*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. rh\'82torication.] Rhetorical amplification. [Obs.] Waterland.

Rhetorician

Rhet`o*ri"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. rh\'82toricien.]

1. One well versed in the rules and principles of rhetoric.

The understanding is that by which a man becomes a mere logician and a mere rhetorician. F. W. Robertson.

2. A teacher of rhetoric.

The ancient sophists and rhetoricians, which ever had young auditors, lived till they were an hundred years old. Bacon.

3. An orator; specifically, an artificial orator without genuine eloquence; a declaimer. Macaulay.

Rhetorician

Rhet`o*ri"cian, a. Suitable to a master of rhetoric. "With rhetorician pride." Blackmore.

Rhinocerial, Rhinocerical

Rhi`no*ce"ri*al (?), Rhi`no*cer"ic*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the rhinoceros; resembling the rhinoceros, or his horn. Tatler.

Rhinoceros

Rhi*noc"e*ros (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. rhinoc\'82ros. See Horn.] (Zo\'94l.) Any pachyderm belonging to the genera Rhinoceros, Atelodus, and several allied genera of the family Rhinocerotid\'91, of which several living, and many extinct, species are known. They are large and powerful, and usually have either one or two stout conical median horns on the snout. &hand; The Indian, or white, and the Javan rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros Indicus and R. Sondaicus) have incisor and canine teeth, but only one horn, and the very thick skin forms shieldlike folds. The two or three African species belong to Atelodus, and have two horns, but lack the dermal folds, and the incisor and canine teeth. The two Malay, or East Indian, two-horned species belong to Ceratohinus, in which incisor and canine teeth are present. See Borele, and Keitloa. Rhinoceros auk (Zo\'94l.), an auk of the North Pacific (Cerorhina monocrata) which has a deciduous horn on top of the bill. -- Rhinoceros beetle (Zo\'94l.), a very large beetle of the genus Dynastes, having a horn on the head. -- Rhinoceros bird. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros), native of the East Indies. It has a large hollow hornlike process on the bill. Called also rhinoceros hornbill. See Hornbill. (b) An African beefeater (Buphaga Africana). It alights on the back of the rhinoceros in search of parasitic insects.

Rhinocerote

Rhi*noc"e*rote (?), n. A rhinoceros. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Rhinocerotic

Rhi*noc`e*rot"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the rhinoceros. [R.]

Rhinolite Rhinolith

Rhi"no*lite (?) Rhi"no*lith (?), n. [Rhino- + -lite, -lith.] (Med.) A concretion formed within the cavities of the nose.

Rhinological

Rhi`no*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to rhinology.

Rhinologist

Rhi*nol"o*gist (?), n. One skilled in rhinology.

Rhinology

Rhi*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Rhino- + -logy.] The science which treats of the nose, and its diseases.

Rhinolophid

Rhi*nol"o*phid (?), n. [Rhino- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Rhinilophus, or family Rhinolophid\'91, having a horseshoe-shaped nasal crest; a horseshoe bat.

Rhinolophine

Rhi*nol"o*phine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the rhinolophids, or horseshoe bats.

Rhinophore

Rhi"no*phore (?), n. [Rhino- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the two tentacle-like organs on the back of the head or neck of a nudibranch or tectibranch mollusk. They are usually retractile, and often transversely furrowed or plicate, and are regarded as olfactory organs. Called also dorsal tentacles. See Illust. under Pygobranchia, and Opisthobranchia.

Rhinoplastic

Rhi`no*plas"tic (?), a. [Rhino- + -plastic: cf. F. rhinoplastique.] (Surg.) Of or pertaining to rhinoplasty; as, a rhinoplastic operation.

Rhinoplasty

Rhi"no*plas`ty (?), n. [Rhino- + -plasty: cf. F. rhinoplastie.] Plastic surgery of the nose to correct deformity or to replace lost tissue. Tissue may be transplanted from the patient's cheek, forehead, arm, etc., or even from another person.

Rhinopome

Rhi"no*pome (?), n. [Rhino- + Gr. pw^ma a lid. ] (Zo\'94l.) Any old-world bat of the genus Rhinopoma. The rhinopomes have a long tail extending beyond the web, and inhabit caves and tombs.

Rhinoscleroma

Rhi`no*scle*ro"ma (?), n. [Rhino- + scleroma.] (Med.) A rare disease of the skin, characterized by the development of very hard, more or less flattened, prominences, appearing first upon the nose and subsequently upon the neighboring parts, esp. the lips, palate, and throat. J. V. Shoemaker.

Rhinoscope

Rhi"no*scope (?), n. [Rhino- + -scope.] A small mirror for use in rhinoscopy.

Rhinoscopic

Rhi`no*scop"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to rhinoscopy.

Rhinoscopy

Rhi*nos"co*py (?), n. [Rhino- + -scopy.] (Physiol.) The examination or study of the soft palate, posterior nares, etc., by means of a laryngoscopic mirror introduced into the pharynx.

Rhinotheca

Rhi`no*the"ca (?), n.; pl. Rhinothec\'91 (#). [NL., from gr. (Zo\'94l.) The sheath of the upper mandible of a bird.

Rhipidoglossa

Rhi*pi`do*glos"sa (?), n.pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of gastropod mollusks having a large number of long, divergent, hooklike, lingual teeth in each transverse row. It includes the scutibranchs. See Illustration in Appendix.

Rhipipter

Rhi*pip"ter (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Rhipiptera, a group of insects having wings which fold like a fan; a strepsipter.

Rhipipteran

Rhi*pip"ter*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rhipipter.

Rhizanthous

Rhi*zan"thous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Producing flowers from a rootstock, or apparently from a root.

Rhizine

Rhi"zine (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) A rootlike filament or hair growing from the stems of mosses or on lichens; a rhizoid.

Rhizocarpous

Rhi`zo*car"pous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having perennial rootstocks or bulbs, but annual flowering stems; -- said of all perennial herbs.

Rhizocephala

Rhi`zo*ceph"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Pectostraca including saclike parasites of Crustacea. They adhere by rootlike extensions of the head. See Illusration in Appendix.

Rhizodont

Rhiz"o*dont (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A reptile whose teeth are rooted in sockets, as the crocodile.

Rhizogan

Rhiz"o*gan (?), a. [Gr. -gen: cf. F. rhizog\'8ane.] (Bot.) Prodicing roots.

Rhizogen

Rhiz"o*gen, n. (Bot.) One of a proposed class of flowering plants growning on the roots of other plants and destitute of green foliage.

Rhizoid

Rhi"zoid (?), n. [Gr. -oid.] (Bot.) A rootlike appendage.

Rhizoma

Rhi*zo"ma (?), n.; pl. Rhizomata (#). [NL.] (Bot.) SAme as Rhizome.

Rhizomatous

Rhi*zo"ma*tous (?), a. (Bot.) Having the nature or habit of a rhizome or rootstock.

Rhizome

Rhi*zome" (?), n. [Gr. rhizome.] (Bot.) A rootstock. See Rootstock.

Rhizophaga

Rhi*zoph"a*ga (?), n.pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of marsupials. The wombat is the type.

Rhizophagous

Rhi*zoph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. Feeding on roots; root-eating.

Rhizophora

Rhi*zoph"o*ra (?), n. [NL. See Rhizophorous.] (Bot.) A genus of trees including the mangrove. See Mangrove.

Rhizophorous

Rhi*zoph"o*rous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Bearing roots.

Rhizopod

Rhiz"o*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Rhizopoda. &hand; The rhizopods belonging to the Radiolaria and Foraminifera have been of great geological importance, especially in the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods. Chalk is mostly made from the shells of Foraminifera. The nummulites are the principal ingredient of a limestone which is of great extent in Europe and Asia, and is the material of which some of the pyramids of Egypt are made. The shells are abundant in deepsea mud, and are mostly minute, seldom larger than a small grain of sand, except in the case of the nummulities, which are sometimes an inch in diameter.

Rhizopoda

Rhi*zop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive class of Protozoa, including those which have pseudopodia, by means of which they move about and take their food. The principal groups are Lobosa (or Am&oe;bea), Helizoa, Radiolaria, and Foraminifera (or Reticularia). See Protozoa.

Rhizopodous

Rhi*zop"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the rhizopods.

Rhizostomata

Rhi`zo*stom"a*ta (?), n.pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of Medus\'91 which includes very large species without marginal tentacles, but having large mouth lobes closely united at the edges. See Illust. in Appendix.

Rhizostome

Rhiz"o*stome (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Rhizostomata.
Page 1238

Rhizotaxis

Rhi`zo*tax"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The arrangement of the roots of plants.

Rhob

Rhob (?), n. See 1st Rob.

Rhodammonium

Rho`dam*mo"ni*um (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, rhodium and ammonia; -- said of certain complex compounds.

Rhodanate

Rho"da*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of rhodanic acid; a sulphocyanate. [Obsoles.]

Rhodanic

Rho*dan"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called sulphocyanic acid) which frms a red color with ferric salts. [Obsoles.]

Rhodeoretin

Rho`de*o*re"tin (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) Same as Convolvuln.

Rhodian

Rho"di*an (?), a. [L. Rhodius: cf. F. rhodien.] Of or pertaining to Rhodes, an island of the Mediterranean. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Rhodes.

Rhodic

Rho"dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to rhodium; containing rhodium.

Rhodium

Rho"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ro`don the rose. So called from the rose-red color of certain of its solutions. See Rhododendron.] (Chem.) A rare element of the light platinum group. It is found in platinum ores, and obtained free as a white inert metal which it is very difficult to fuse. Symbol Rh. Atomic weight 104.1. Specific gravity 12.

Rhodizonic

Rho`di*zon"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a colorless crystalline substance (called rhodizonic acid, and carboxylic acid) obtained from potassium carboxide and from certain quinones. It forms brilliant red, yellow, and purple salts.

Rhodochrosite

Rho`do*chro"site (?), n. [Gr. "ro`don the rose + (Min.) Manganese carbonate, a rose-red mineral sometimes occuring crystallized, but generally massive with rhombohedral cleavage like calcite; -- called also dialogite.

Rhodocrinite

Rho*doc"ri*nite (?), n. [Gr. "ro`don rose + (Paleon.) A rose encrinite.

Rhododendron

Rho`do*den"dron (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. "rodo`dendron, literally, rose tree; "ro`don rose + de`ndron tree. See Rose.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs or small trees, often having handsome evergreen leaves, and remarkable for the beauty of their flowers; rosebay.

Rhodomontade

Rhod`o*mon*tade" (?), n. See Rodomontade.

Rhodomontader

Rhod`o*mon*tad"er (?), n. See Rodomontador.

Rhodonite

Rho"don*ite (?), n. [Gr. "ro`don the rose. ] (Min.) Manganese spar, or silicate of manganese, a mineral occuring crystallised and in rose-red masses. It is often used as an ornamental stone.

Rhodophane

Rho"do*phane (?), n. [Gr. "ro`don the rose + (Physiol.) The red pigment contained in the inner segments of the cones of the retina in animals. See Chromophane. W. K\'9ahne.

Rhodopsin

Rho*dop"sin (?), n. [Gr. "ro`don rose + "w`ps eye.] (Physiol.) The visual purple. See under Visual.

Rhodosperm

Rho"do*sperm (?), n. [Gr. "ro`don the rose + spe`rma a seed.] (Bot.) Any seaweed with red spores. &hand; As the name of a subclass, Rhodosperms, or Rhodosperme\'91, is synonymous with Floride\'91 (which see.)

Rhomb

Rhomb (?), n. [L. rhombus, Gr. wrench: cf. F. rhombe. Cf. Rhombus, Rhumb.]

1. (Geom.) An equilateral parallelogram, or quadrilateral figure whose sides are equal and the opposite sides parallel. The angles may be unequal, two being obtuse and two acute, as in the cut, or the angles may be equal, in which case it is usually called a square. <-- Illustr. of Rhomb. -->

2. (Geom.) A rhombohedron. Fresnel's rhomb (Opt.), a rhomb or oblique parallelopiped of crown or St. Gobain glass so cut that a ray of light entering one of its faces at right angles shall emerge at right angles at the opposite face, after undergoing within the rhomb, at other faces, two reflections. It is used to produce a ray circularly polarized from a plane-polarized ray, or the reverse. Nichol.

Rhombic

Rhom"bic (?), a.

1. Shaped like a rhomb.

2. (Crystallog.) Same as Orthorhombic.

Rhomboganoid

Rhom`bo*ga"noid (?), n. [Rhomb + ganoid.] (Zo\'94l.) A ganoid fish having rhombic enameled scales; one of the Rhomboganoidei.

Rhomboganoidei

Rhom`bo*ga*noi"de*i (?), n.pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Ginglymodi.

Rhombogene

Rhom"bo*gene (?), n. [Rhomb + root of Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A dicyemid which produces infusorialike embryos; -- opposed to nematogene. See Dicyemata. [Written also rhombogen.]

Rhombohedral

Rhom`bo*he"dral (?), a. (Geom. & Crystallog.) Related to the rhombohedron; presenting the form of a rhombohedron, or a form derivable from a rhombohedron; relating to a system of forms including the rhombohedron and scalenohedron. Rhombohedral iron ore (Min.) See Hematite. -- Rhombohedral system (Crystallog.), a division of the hexagonal system embracing the rhombohedron, scalenohedron, etc.

Rhombohedric

Rhom`bo*hed"ric (?), a. (Geom. & Crystallog.) Rhombohedral.

Rhombohedron

Rhom`bo*he"dron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Geom. & Crystallog.) A solid contained by six rhomboids; a parallelopiped.

Rhomboid

Rhom"boid (?), n. [Gr. rhombo\'8bde.] (Geom.)An oblique-angled parallelogram like a rhomb, but having only the opposite sides equal, the length and with being different.

Rhetoriz Rhet"o*riz (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rhetorized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rhetorizing (?).] To play the orator. Colgrave.

Rhetorize

Rhet"o*rize, v. t. To represent by a figure of rhetoric, or by personification. Milton.

Rheum

Rhe"um (?), n. [NL., from L. Rha the river Volga, on the banks of which it grows. See Rhubarb.] (Bot.) A genus of plants. See Rhubarb.

Rheum

Rheum (?), n. [OF. reume, rheume, F. rhume a cold,, L. rheuma rheum, from Gr. stream. See Stream, n., and cf. Hemorrhoids.] (Med.) A serous or mucous discharge, especially one from the eves or nose.
I have a rheum in mine eyes too. Shak.
Salt rheum. (Med.) See Salt rheum, in the Vocab.

Rheumatic

Rheu*mat"ic (?), a. [Gr. rheumaticus, F. rhumatique. See Rheum, Rheumatism.]

1. Derived from, or having the character of, rheum; rheumic. [Obs.]

2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to rheumatism; as, rheumatic pains or affections; affected with rheumatism; as, a rheumatic old man; causing rheumatism; as, a rheumatic day.

That rheumatic diseases do abound. Shak.

Rheumatic

Rheu*mat"ic, n. One affected with rheumatism.

Rheumatism

Rheu"ma*tism (?), n. [L. rheumatismus rheum, Gr. rheumatisme. See 2d Rheum.] (Med.) A general disease characterized by painful, often multiple, local inflammations, usually affecting the joints and muscles, but also extending sometimes to the deeper organs, as the heart. Inflammatory rheumatism (Med.), acute rheumatism attended with fever, and attacking usually the larger joints, which become swollen, hot, and very painful. -- Rheumatism root. (Bot.) See Twinleaf.

Rheumatismal

Rheu`ma*tis"mal (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to rheumatism.

Rheumatismoid

Rheu`ma*tis"moid (?), a. [Rheumatism + -oid.] (Med.) Of or resembling rheum or rheumatism.

Rheumic

Rheum"ic (?), a. (Med.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, rheum. Rheumic diathesis. See Dartrous diathesis, under Dartrous.

Rheumides

Rheu"mi*des (?), n.pl. [NL. See Rheum.] (Med.) The class of skin disease developed by the dartrous diathesis. See under Dartrous.

Rheumy

Rheum"y (?), a. Of or pertaining to rheum; abounding in, or causing, rheum; affected with rheum.
His head and rheumy eyes distill in showers. Dryden.
And tempt the rheumy and unpurged air To add unto his sickness. Shak.

Rhigolene

Rhig"o*lene (?), n. [Gr. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A mixture of volatile hydrocarbons intermediate between gsolene and cymogene. It is obtained in the purification of crude petroleum, and is used as a refregerant.

Rhime

Rhime (?), n. See Rhyme. [Obs.]

Rhinal

Rhi"nal (?), a. [Gr (Anat.) Og or pertaining to the nose or olfactory organs.

Rhinaster

Rhi*nas"ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The borele.

Rhine

Rhine (?), n. [AS. ryne. See Run.] A water course; a ditch. [Written also rean.] [Prov. Eng.] Macaulay.

Rhinencephalic

Rhi`nen*ce*phal"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the rhinencephalon.

Rhinencephalon

Rhi`nen*ceph"a*lon (?), n.; pl. Rhinencephala (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The division of the brain in front of the prosencephalon, consisting of the two olfactory lobes from which the olfactory nerves arise. &hand; The term is sometimes used for one of the olfactory lobes, the plural being used for the two taken together.

Rhinestone

Rhine"stone` (?), n. [Cf. G. rheinkiesel Rhine quartz.] A colorless stone of high luster, made of paste. It is much used as an inexpensive ornament.

Rhinitis

Rhi*ni"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Infllammation of the nose; esp., inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nostrils.

Rhino

Rhi*no (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] Gold and silver, or money. [Cant] W. Wagstaffe.
As long as the rhino lasted. Marryat.

Rhino-

Rhi"no-. A combining form from Greek the nose
, as in rhinolith, rhinology.

Rhomboid Rhom"boid , a. Same as Rhomboidal.

Rhomboidal

Rhom*boid"al (?), a. [Cf. F. rhombo\'8bdal.] Having, or approaching, the shape of a rhomboid.

Rhomboides

Rhom*boid"es (?), n. A rhomboid. [R.] Milton.

Rhomboid-ovate

Rhom`boid-o"vate (?), a. Between rhomboid and ovate, or oval, in shape.

Rhomb spar

Rhomb" spar` (?). (Min.) A variety of dolomite.

Rhombus

Rhom"bus (?), n. [L.] Same as Rhomb, 1.

Rhonchal

Rhon`chal (?), a. (Med.) Rhonchial.

Rhonchial

Rhon"chi*al (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a rhonchus; produced by rhonchi. Rhonchial fremitus. [L. fremitus a dull roaring or murmuring.] (Med.) A vibration of the chest wall that may be felt by the hand laid upon its surface. It is caused in the production of rhonchi in the bronchial tubes.

Rhonchisonant

Rhon*chis"o*nant (?), a. [L. rhonchus a snoring + sonans, p. pr. of sonare to sound.] Making a snorting noise; snorting. [R.]

Rhonchus

Rhon"chus (?), n.; pl. Rhonchi (#). [L., a snoring, a croaking.] (Med.) An adventitious whistling or snoring sound heard on auscultation of the chest when the air channels are partially obstructed. By some writers the term rhonchus is used as equivalent to r\'83le in its widest sense. See R\'83le.

Rhopalic

Rho*pal"ic (?), a. [Gr. rhopalique.] (Pros.) Applied to a line or verse in which each successive word has one more syllable than the preceding.

Rhopalium

Rho*pa"li*um (?), n.; pl. Rhopalia (#). [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the marginal sensory bodies of medus\'91 belonging to the Discophora.

Rhopalocera

Rhop`a*loc"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Lepidoptera including all the butterflies. They differ from other Lepidoptera in having club-shaped antenn\'91.

Rhotacism

Rho"ta*cism (?), n. [Gr. "rwtaki`zein to use the letter r (ρ) overmuch: cf. F. rhotacisme.] An oversounding, or a misuse, of the letter r; specifically (Phylol.), the tendency, exhibited in the Indo-European languages, to change s to r, as wese to were.

Rhubarb

Rhu"barb (?), n. [F. rhubarbe, OF. rubarbe, rheubarbe, reubarbare, reobarbe, LL. rheubarbarum for rheum barbarum, Gr. Rha (the Volga) on whose banks it grew. Originally, therefore, it was the barbarian plant from the Rha. Cf. Barbarous, Rhaponticine.]

1. (Bot.) The name of several large perennial herbs of the genus Rheum and order Polygonace\'91.

2. The large and fleshy leafstalks of Rheum Rhaponticum and other species of the same genus. They are pleasantly acid, and are used in cookery. Called also pieplant.

3. (Med.) The root of several species of Rheum, used much as a cathartic medicine. Monk's rhubarb. (Bot.) See under Monk. -- Turkey rhubarb (Med.), the roots of Rheum Emodi.

Rhubarby

Rhu"barb*y (?), a. Like rhubarb.

Rhumb

Rhumb (?), n. [F. rumb, Sp. rumbo, or Pg. rumbo, rumo, probably fr. Gr. Rhomb.] (Navigation) A line which crosses successive meridians at a constant angle; -- called also rhumb line, and loxodromic curve. See Loxodromic. To sail on a rhumb, to sail continuously on one course, following a rhumb line.

Rhus

Rhus (?), n. [L., sumac, fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs and small treets. See Sumac.

Rhusma

Rhus"ma (?), n. [See Rusma.] A mixtire of caustic lime and orpiment, or tersulphide of arsenic, -- used in the depilation of hides. Knight.

Rhyme

Rhyme (?), n. [OE. ryme, rime, AS. r\'c6m number; akin to OHG. r\'c6m number, succession, series, G. reim rhyme. The modern sense is due to the influence of F. rime, which is of German origin, and originally the same word.] [The Old English spelling rime is becoming again common. See Note under Prime.]

1. An expression of thought in numbers, measure, or verse; a composition in verse; a rhymed tale; poetry; harmony of language. "Railing rhymes." Daniel.

A ryme I learned long ago. Chaucer.
He knew Himself to sing, and build the lofty rime. Milton.

2. (Pros.) Correspondence of sound in the terminating words or syllables of two or more verses, one succeeding another immediately or at no great distance. The words or syllables so used must not begin with the same consonant, or if one begins with a vowel the other must begin with a consonant. The vowel sounds and accents must be the same, as also the sounds of the final consonants if there be any.

For rhyme with reason may dispense, And sound has right to govern sense. Prior.

3. Verses, usually two, having this correspondence with each other; a couplet; a poem containing rhymes.

4. A word answering in sound to another word. Female rhyme. See under Female. -- Male rhyme. See under Male. -- Rhyme or reason, sound or sense. -- Rhyme royal (Pros.), a stanza of seven decasyllabic verses, of which the first and third, the second, fourth, and fifth, and the sixth and seventh rhyme.

Rhyme

Rhyme (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rhymed (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Rhyming.] [OE. rimen, rymen, AS. r\'c6man to count: cf. F. rimer to rhyme. See Rhyme, n.]

1. To make rhymes, or verses. "Thou shalt no longer ryme." Chaucer.

There marched the bard and blockhead, side by side, Who rhymed for hire, and patronized for pride. Pope.

2. To accord in rhyme or sound.

And, if they rhymed and rattled, all was well. Dryden.

Rhyme

Rhyme, v. t.

1. To put into rhyme. Sir T. Wilson.

2. To influence by rhyme.

Hearken to a verser, who may chance Rhyme thee to good. Herbert.

Rhymeless

Rhyme"less, a. Destitute of rhyme. Bp. Hall.

Rhymer

Rhym"er (?), n. One who makes rhymes; a versifier; -- generally in contempt; a poor poet; a poetaster.
This would make them soon perceive what despicaple creatures our common rhymers and playwriters be. Milton.

Rhymery

Rhym"er*y (?), n. The art or habit of making rhymes; rhyming; -- in contempt.

Rhymester

Rhyme"ster (?), n. A rhymer; a maker of poor poetry. Bp. Hall. Byron.

Rhymic

Rhym"ic (?), a. Pertaining to rhyme.

Rhymist

Rhym"ist, n. A rhymer; a rhymester. Johnston.

Rhynchobdellea

Rhyn`chob*del"le*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of leeches including those that have a protractile proboscis, without jaws. Clepsine is the type.

Rhynchocephala

Rhyn`cho*ceph"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of reptiles having biconcave vertebr\'91, immovable quadrate bones, and many other peculiar osteological characters. Hatteria is the only living genus, but numerous fossil genera are known, some of which are among the earliest of reptiles. See Hatteria. Called also Rhynchocephalia.

Rhynchoc\'d2la

Rhyn`cho*c\'d2"la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Nemertina. -- Rhyn`cho*c\'d2"lous (#), a.

Rhyncholite Rhyn"cho*lite , n. [Gr. -lie: cf. F. rhyncholithe.] (Paleon.) A fossil cephalopod beak.

Rhynchonella Rhyn`cho*nel"la , n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of brachiopods of which some species are still living, while many are found fossil.

Rhynchophora Rhyn*choph"o*ra , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of Coleoptera having a snoutlike head; the snout beetles, curculios, or weevils.

Rhynchophore

Rhyn"cho*phore (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Rhynchophora.

Rhynchota

Rhyn*cho"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "ry`gchos snout.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Hemiptera. [Written also Rhyncota.]

Rhyolite

Rhy"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A quartzose trachyte, an igneous rock often showing a fluidal structure. -- Rhy`o*lit"ic, (#) a.

Rhyparography

Rhy`pa*rog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. "ryparo`s filthy, dirty + gra`fein to write, paint.] In ancient art, the painting of genre or still-life pictures.

Rhysimeter

Rhy*sim"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] An instrument, acting on the principle of Pitot's tube, for measuring the velocity of a fluid current, the speed of a ship, etc.

Rhythm

Rhythm (?), n. [F. rhythme, rythme, L. rhythmus, fr. GR. Stream.]

1. In the widest sense, a dividing into short portions by a regular succession of motions, impulses, sounds, accents, etc., producing an agreeable effect, as in music poetry, the dance, or the like.

2. (Mus.) Movement in musical time, with periodical recurrence of accent; the measured beat or pulse which marks the character and expression of the music; symmetry of movement and accent. Moore (Encyc. )

3. A division of lines into short portions by a regular succession of arses and theses, or percussions and remissions of voice on words or syllables.

4. The harmonious flow of vocal sounds.


Page 1239

Rhythmer

Rhyth"mer (?), n. One who writes in rhythm, esp. in poetic rhythm or meter. [R.]
One now scarce counted a rhythmer, formerly admitted for a poet. Fuller.

Rhythmic, Rhythmical

Rhyth"mic (?), Rhyth"mic*al (?), a. [Gr. rhythmicus, F. rhythmique.] Pertaining to, or of the nature of, rhythm
DAy and night I worked my rhythmic thought. Mrs. Browning.
Rhythmical accent. (Mus.) See Accent, n., 6 (c).

Rhythmically

Rhyth"mic*al*ly, adv. In a rhythmical manner.

Rhythmics

Rhyth"mics (?), n. The department of musical science which treats of the length of sounds.

Rhythming

Rhyth"ming (?), a. Writing rhythm; verse making. "The rhythming monk." Fuller.

Rhythmless

Rhythm"less (?), a. Being without rhythm. Coleridge.

Rhythmometer

Rhyth*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Rhythm + -meter.] An instrument for marking time in musical movements. See Metronome.

Rhythmus

Rhyth"mus (?), n. [L.] Rhythm.

Rhytina

Rhyt"i*na (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Rytina.

Rial

Ri"al (, n. A Spanish coin. See Real. [Obs.]

Rial

Ri*al", a. Royal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rial

Ri"al (?), n. [From Royal.] A gold coin formerly current in England, of the value of ten shillings sterling in the reign of Henry VI., and of fifteen shillings in the reign of Elizabeth. [Spelt also ryal.] Brande & C.

Riant

Ri`ant" (?), a. [F. riant, p. pr. of rire to laugh, L. ridere.] Laughing; laughable; exciting gayety; gay; merry; delightful to the view, as a landscape.
In such cases the sublimity must be drawn from the other sources, with a strict caution, howewer, against anything light and riant. Burke.

Rib

Rib (?), n. [AS. rib, ribb; akin to D. rib, G. rippe, OHG. rippa, rippi, Dan. ribbe, Icel. rif, Russ. rebro.]

1. (Anat.) One of the curved bones attached to the vertebral column and supporting the lateral walls of the thorax. &hand; In man there are twelve ribs on each side, of which the upper seven are directly connected with the sternum by cartilages, and are called sternal, or true, ribs. The remaining five pairs are called asternal, or false, ribs, and of these each of the three upper pairs is attached to the cartilage of the rib above, while the two lower pairs are free at the ventral ends, and are called floating ribs. See Thorax.

2. That which resembles a rib in form or use. Specifically: (a) (Shipbuilding) One of the timbers, or bars of iron or steel, that branch outward and upward from the keel, to support the skin or planking, and give shape and strength to the vessel. (b) (Mach. & Structures) A ridge, fin, or wing, as on a plate, cylinder, beam, etc., to strengthen or stiffen it. (c) One of the rods on which the cover of an umbrella is extended. (d) A prominent line or ridge, as in cloth. (e) A longitudinal strip of metal uniting the barrels of a double-barreled gun.

3. (Bot.) The chief nerve, or one of the chief nerves, of a leaf. (b) Any longitudinal ridge in a plant.

4. (Arch.) (a) In Gothic vaulting, one of the primary members of the vault. These are strong arches, meeting and crossing one another, dividing the whole space into triangles, which are then filled by vaulted construction of lighter material. Hence, an imitation of one of these in wood, plaster, or the like. (b) A projecting mold, or group of moldings, forming with others a pattern, as on a ceiling, ornamental door, or the like.

5. (Mining) (a) Solid coal on the side of a gallery; solid ore in a vein. (b) An elongated pillar of ore or coal left as a support. Raymond.

6. A wife; -- in allusion to Eve, as made out of Adam's rib. [Familiar & Sportive]

How many have we known whose heads have been broken with their own rib. Bp. Hall.
Chuck rib, a cut of beef immediately in front of the middle rib. See Chuck. -- Fore ribs, a cut of beef immediately in front of the sirloin. -- Middle rib, a cut of beef between the chuck rib and the fore ribs. -- Rib grass. (Bot.) Same as Ribwort.

Rib

Rib, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ribbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ribbing.]

1. To furnish with ribs; to form with rising lines and channels; as, to rib cloth.

2. To inclose, as with ribs, and protect; to shut in. <-- 3. To kid; to poke fun at. -->

It [lead] were too gross To rib her cerecloth in the obscure grave. Shak.
To rib land, to leave strips of undisturbed ground between the furrows in plowing.

Ribald

Rib"ald (?), n./ [OE. ribald, ribaud, F. ribaud, OF. ribald, ribault, LL. ribaldus, of German origin; cf. OHG hr\'c6pa prostitute. For the ending -ald cf. E. Herald.] A low, vulgar, brutal, foul-mouthed wretch; a lewd fellow. Spenser. Pope.
Ribald was almost a class name in the feudal system . . . He was his patron's parasite, bulldog, and tool . . . It is not to be wondered at that the word rapidly became a synonym for everything ruffianly and brutal. Earle.

Ribald

Rib"ald, a. Low; base; mean; filthy; obscene.
The busy day, Waked by the lark, hath roused the ribald crows. Shak.

Ribaldish

Rib"ald*ish, a. Like a ribald. Bp. Hall.

Ribaldrous

Rib"ald*rous (?), a. Of a ribald quality. [R.]

Ribaldry

Rib"ald*ry (?), n. [OE. ribaldrie, ribaudrie, OF. ribalderie, ribauderie.] The talk of a ribald; low, vulgar language; indecency; obscenity; lewdness; -- now chiefly applied to indecent language, but formerly, as by Chaucer, also to indecent acts or conduct.
The ribaldry of his conversation moved Macaulay.

Riban

Rib"an (?), n. See Ribbon. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Riband

Rib"and (?), n. See Ribbon. Riband jasper (Min.), a variety of jasper having stripes of different colors, as red and green.

Riband

Rib"and, n. (Naut.) See Rib-band. Totten.

Ribanded

Rib"and*ed, a. Ribboned. B. Jonson.

Ribaud

Rib"aud (?), n. A ribald. [Obs.] P. Plowman.

Ribaudequin

Ri*bau"de*quin (?), n. [F.]

1. An engine of war used in the Middle Ages, consisting of a protected elevated staging on wheels, and armed in front with pikes. It was (after the 14th century) furnished with small cannon.

2. A huge bow fixed on the wall of a fortified town for casting javelins.

Ribaudred, Ribaudrous

Rib"aud*red (?), Rib"aud*rous (?), a. Filthy; obscene; ribald. [Obs.]

Ribaudry

Rib"aud*ry (?), n. Ribaldry. [Obs.] Spenser.

Ribaudy

Rib"aud*y (?), n. Ribaldry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ribauld

Rib"auld (?), n. A ribald. [Obs.] Spenser.

Ribband

Rib"band (?), n.A ribbon. Pope.

Ribband

Rib"*band` (?), n. [Rib + band.] [Written also riband, and ribbon.] (Shipbuilding) A long, narrow strip of timber bent and bolted longitudinally to the ribs of a vessel, to hold them in position, and give rigidity to the framework. Rib-band lines, oblique longitudinal sectionss of the hull of a vessel. Knight.

Ribbed

Ribbed (?), a.

1. Furnished or formed with ribs; as, a ribbed cylinder; ribbed cloth.

2. (Mining) Intercalated with slate; -- said of a seam of coal. Raymond.

Ribbing

Rib"bing (?), n.An assemblage or arrangement of ribs, as the timberwork for the support of an arch or coved ceiling, the veins in the leaves of some plants, ridges in the fabric of cloth, or the like.

Ribbon

Rib"bon (?), n. [OE. riban, OF. riban, F. ruban, probably of German origin; cf. D. ringband collar, necklace, E. ring circle, and band.] [Written also riband, ribband.]

1. A fillet or narrow woven fabric, commonly of silk, used for trimming some part of a woman's attire, for badges, and other decorative purposes.

2. A narrow strip or shred; as, a steel or magnesium ribbon; sails torn to ribbons.

3. (Shipbuilding) Same as Rib-band.

4. pl. Driving reins. [Cant] London Athen\'91um.

5. (Her.) A bearing similar to the bend, but only one eighth as wide.

6. (Spinning) A silver. &hand; The blue ribbon, and The red ribbon, are phrases often used to designate the British orders of the Garter and of the Bath, respectively, the badges of which are suspended by ribbons of these colors. See Blue ribbon, under Blue. Ribbon fish. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any elongated, compressed, ribbon-shaped marine fish of the family Trachypterid\'91, especially the species of the genus Trachypterus, and the oarfish (Regelecus Banksii) of the North Atlantic, which is sometimes over twenty feet long. (b) The hairtail, or bladefish. (c) A small compressed marine fish of the genus Cepola, having a long, slender, tapering tail. The European species (C. rubescens) is light red throughout. Called also band fish. -- Ribbon grass (Bot.), a variety of reed canary grass having the leaves stripped with green and white; -- called also Lady's garters. See Reed grass, under Reed. -- Ribbon seal (Zo\'94l.), a North Pacific seal (Histriophoca fasciata). The adult male is dark brown, conspicuously banded and striped with yellowish white. -- Ribbon snake (Zo\'94l.), a common North American snake (Eutainia saurita). It is conspicuously striped with bright yellow and dark brown. -- Ribbon Society, a society in Ireland, founded in the early part of the 19th century in antagonism to the Orangemen. It afterwards became an organization of tennant farmers banded together to prevent eviction by landlords. It took its name from the green ribbon worn by members as a badge. -- Ribborn worm. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A tapeworm. (b) A nemertean.

Ribbon

Rib"bon, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ribboned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ribboning.] To adorn with, or as with, ribbons; to mark with stripes resembling ribbons.

Ribbonism

Rib"bon*ism (?), n. The principles and practices of the Ribbonmen. See Ribbon Society, under Ribbon.

Ribbonman

Rib"bon*man (?), n; pl. -men. A member of the Ribbon Society. See Ribbon Society, under Ribbon.

Ribbonwood

Rib"bon*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A malvaceous tree (Hoheria populnea) of New Zealand, the bark of which is used for cordage.

Ribes

Ri"bes (?), n.[NL.; cf. Dan. ribs, and Ar. r\'c6b\'bes a plant with an acid juice.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs including gooseberries and currants of many kinds.

Ribibe

Rib"ibe (?), n. [See Rebec.]

1. A sort of stringed instrument; a rebec. [Obs.] Nares.

2. An old woman; -- in contempt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. A bawd; a prostitute. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Ribible

Rib"i*ble (?), n. [See Ribibe.] A small threestringed viol; a rebec. Moore (Encyc. of Music).
All can be play on gittern or ribible. Chaucer.

Ribless

Rib"less, a. Having no ribs.

Ribroast

Rib"roast` (?), v. t. To beat soundly. [Slang]

Ribwort

Rib"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A species of plantain (Plantago lanceolata) with long, narrow, ribbed leaves; -- called also rib grass, ripple grass, ribwort plantain.

-ric

-ric (?). [AS r\'c6ce kingdom, dominion. See Rich.] A suffix signifying dominion, jurisdiction; as, bishopric, the district over which a bishop exercises authority.

Rice

Rice (?), n. [F. riz (cf. Pr. ris, It. riso), L. oryza, Gr. br\'c6zi, akin to Skr. vr\'c6hi; or perh. akin to E. rye. Cf. Rye.] (Bot.) A well-known cereal grass (Oryza sativa) and its seed. This plant is extensively cultivated in warm climates, and the grain forms a large portion of the food of the inhabitants. In America it grows chiefly on low, moist land, which can be overflowed. Ant rice. (Bot.) See under Ant. -- French rice. (Bot.) See Amelcorn. -- Indian rice., a tall reedlike water grass (Zizania aquatica), bearing panicles of a long, slender grain, much used for food by North American Indians. It is common in shallow water in the Northern States. Called also water oat, Canadian wild rice, etc. -- Mountain rice, any species of an American genus (Oryzopsis) of grasses, somewhat resembling rice. -- Rice bunting. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Ricebird. -- Rice hen (Zo\'94l.), the Florida gallinule. -- Rice mouse (Zo\'94l.), a large dark-colored field mouse (Calomys palistris) of the Southern United States. -- Rice paper, a kind of thin, delicate paper, brought from China, -- used for painting upon, and for the manufacture of fancy articles. It is made by cutting the pith of a large herb (Fatsia papyrifera, related to the ginseng) into one roll or sheet, which is flattened out under pressure. Called also pith paper. -- Rice troupial (Zo\'94l.), the bobolink. -- Rice water, a drink for invalids made by boiling a small quantity of rice in water. -- Rice-water discharge (Med.), a liquid, resembling rice water in appearance, which is vomited, and discharged from the bowels, in cholera. -- Rice weevil (Zo\'94l.), a small beetle (Calandra, ∨ Sitophilus, oryz\'91) which destroys rice, wheat, and Indian corn by eating out the interior; -- called also black weevil.

Ricebird

Rice"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The Java sparrow. (b) The bobolink.

Rice-shell

Rice"-shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small white polished marine shells of the genus Olivella.

Rich

Rich, (r&icr;ch), a. [Compar. Richer (; superl. Richest.] [OE. riche, AS. r\'c6ce rich, powerful; akin to OS. r\'c6ki, D. rijk, G. reich, OHG. r\'c6hhi, Icel. r\'c6kr, Sw. rik, Dan. rig, Goth. reiks; from a word meaning, ruler, king, probably borrowed from Celtic, and akin to L. rex, regis, king, regere to guide, rule. &root;283. See Right, and cf. Derrick, Enrich, Rajah, Riches, Royal.]

1. Having an abundance of material possessions; possessed of a large amount of property; well supplied with land, goods, or money; wealthy; opulent; affluent; -- opposed to poor. "Rich merchants." Chaucer.

The rich [person] hath many friends. Prov. xiv. 20.
As a thief, bent to unhoard the cash Of some rich burgher. Milton.

2. Hence, in general, well supplied; abounding; abundant; copious; bountiful; as, a rich treasury; a rich entertainment; a rich crop.

If life be short, it shall be glorious; Each minute shall be rich in some great action. Rowe.
The gorgeous East with richest hand Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold. Milton.

3. Yielding large returns; productive or fertile; fruitful; as, rich soil or land; a rich mine.

4. Composed of valuable or costly materials or ingredients; procured at great outlay; highly valued; precious; sumptuous; costly; as, a rich dress; rich silk or fur; rich presents.

Like to rich and various gems. Milton.

5. Abounding in agreeable or nutritive qualities; -- especially applied to articles of food or drink which are high-seasoned or abound in oleaginous ingredients, or are sweet, luscious, and high-flavored; as, a rich dish; rich cream or soup; rich pastry; rich wine or fruit.

Sauces and rich spices are fetched from India. Baker.

6. Not faint or delicate; vivid; as, a rich color.

7. Full of sweet and harmonius sounds; as, a rich voice; rich music.

8. Abounding in beauty; gorgeous; as, a rich landscape; rich scenery.

9. Abounding in humor; exciting amusement; entertaining; as, the scene was a rich one; a rich incident or character. [Colloq.] Thackeray. &hand; Rich is sometimes used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, rich-fleeced, rich-jeweled, rich-laden, rich-stained. Syn. -- Wealthy; affluent; opulent; ample; copious; abundant; plentiful; fruitful; costly; sumptuous; precious; generous; luscious.

Rich

Rich, v. t. To enrich. [Obs.] Gower.

Riches

Rich"es (?), n. pl. [OE. richesse, F. richesse, from riche rich, of German origin. See Rich,a.]

1. That which makes one rich; an abundance of land, goods, money, or other property; wealth; opulence; affluence.

Riches do not consist in having more gold and silver, but in having more in proportion, than our neighbors. Locke.

2. That which appears rich, sumptuous, precious, or the like.

The riche of heaven's pavement, trodden gold. Milton.
&hand; Richesse, the older form of this word, was in the singular number. The form riches, however, is plural in appearance, and has now come to be used as a plural.
Against the richesses of this world shall they have misease of poverty. Chaucer.
In one hour so great riches is come to nought. Rev. xviii. 17.
And for that riches where is my deserving? Shak.
Syn. -- Wealth; opulence; affluence; wealthiness; richness; plenty; abundance.
Page 1240

Richesse

Rich"esse (?), n. [F. See Riches.] Wealth; riches. See the Note under Riches. [Obs.]
Some man desireth for to have richesse. Chaucer.
The richesse of all heavenly grace. Spenser.

Richly

Rich"ly (?), adv. In a rich manner.

Richness

Rich"ness, n. The quality or state of being rich (in any sense of the adjective).

Richweed

Rich"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) An herb (Pilea pumila) of the Nettle family, having a smooth, juicy, pellucid stem; -- called also clearweed.

Ricinelaidic

Ric`in*e`la*id"ic (?), a. [Ricinoleic + elaidic.] Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric modification of ricinoleic acid obtained as a white crystalline solid.

Ricinelaidin

Ric`in*e*la"i*din (?), n. (Chem.) The glycerin salt of ricinelaidic acid, obtained as a white crystalline waxy substance by treating castor oil with nitrous acid.

Ricinic

Ri*cin"ic (?), a. [L. ricinus castor-oil plant.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, castor oil; formerly, designating an acid now called ricinoleic acid.

Ricinine

Ric"i*nine (?), n. [L. ricinus castor-oil plant.] (Chem.) A bitter white crystalline alkaloid extracted from the seeds of the castor-oil plant.

Ricinoleate

Ric`in*o"le*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of ricinoleic acid; -- formerly called palmate.

Ricinoleic

Ric`in*o"le*ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a fatty acid analogous to oleic acid, obtained from castor oil as an oily substance, Cricinolic
.

Ricinolein

Ric`in*o"le*in (?), n. [L. ricinus castor-oil plant + oleum oil.] (Chem.) The glycerin salt of ricinoleic acid, occuring as a characteristic constituent of castor oil; -- formerly called palmin.

Ricinolic

Ric`i*nol"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Ricinoleic.

Ricinus

Ric"i*nus (, n. [L., the castor-oil plant.] (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Spurge family, containing but one species (R. communis), the castor-oil plant. The fruit is three-celled, and contains three large seeds from which castor oil iss expressed. See Palma Christi.

Rick

Rick (?), n. [OE. reek, rek, AS. hre\'a0c a heap; akin to hryce rick, Icel. hraukr.] A stack or pile, as of grain, straw, or hay, in the open air, usually protected from wet with thatching.
Golden clusters of beehive ricks, rising at intervals beyond the hedgerows. G. Eliot.

Rick

Rick, v. t. To heap up in ricks, as hay, etc.

Ricker

Rick"er (?), n. A stout pole for use in making a rick, or for a spar to a boat.

Ricketish

Rick"et*ish (?), a. Rickety. [Obs.] Fuller.

Rickets

Rick"ets (?), n. pl. [Of uncertain origin; but cf. AS. wrigian to bend, D. wrikken to shake, E. wriggle.] (Med.) A disease which affects children, and which is characterized by a bulky head, crooked spine and limbs, depressed ribs, enlarged and spongy articular epiphyses, tumid abdomen, and short stature, together with clear and often premature mental faculties. The essential cause of the disease appears to be the nondeposition of earthy salts in the osteoid tissues. Children afflicted with this malady stand and walk unsteadily. Called also rachitis. <-- also, infantile or juvenile osteomalacia. Deficient calcification of bone causing skeletal abnormalities. It is caused by vitamin D deficiency. -->

Rickety

Rick"et*y (?), a.

1. Affected with rickets.

2. Feeble in the joints; imperfect; weak; shaky.

Rickrack

Rick"rack` (?), n. A kind of openwork edging made of serpentine braid.

Rickstand

Rick"stand` (?), n. A flooring or framework on which a rick is made.

Ricochet

Ric`o*chet" (?), n. [F.] A rebound or skipping, as of a ball along the ground when a gun is fired at a low angle of elevation, or of a fiat stone thrown along the surface of water. Ricochet firing (Mil.), the firing of guns or howitzers, usually with small charges, at an elevation of only a few degrees, so as to cause the balls or shells to bound or skip along the ground.

Ricochet

Ric`o*chet" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ricochetted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ricochetting.] To operate upon by ricochet firing. See Ricochet, n. [R.]

Ricochet

Ric`o*chet", v. i. To skip with a rebound or rebounds, as a flat stone on the surface of water, or a cannon ball on the ground. See Ricochet, n.

Rictal

Ric"tal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the rictus; as, rictal bristles.

Ricture

Ric"ture (?), n. [L. ringi, rictus, to open wide the mouth, to gape.] A gaping. [Obs.]

Rictus

Ric"tus (?), n. [L., the aperture of the mouth.] The gape of the mouth, as of birds; -- often resricted to the corners of the mouth.

Rid

Rid (?), imp. & p. p. of Ride, v. i. [Archaic]
He rid to the end of the village, where he alighted. Thackeray.

Rid

Rid, v. t. [imp. & p. p. RidRidded; p. pr. & vb. n. Ridding.] [OE. ridden, redden, AS. hreddan to deliver, liberate; akin to D. & LG. redden, G. retten, Dan. redde, Sw. r\'84dda, and perhaps to Skr. to loosen.]

1. To save; to rescue; to deliver; -- with out of. [Obs.]

Deliver the poor and needy; rid them out of the hand of the wicked. Ps. lxxxii. 4.

2. To free; to clear; to disencumber; -- followed by of. "Rid all the sea of pirates." Shak.

In never ridded myself of an overmastering and brooding sense of some great calamity traveling toward me. De Quincey.

3. To drive away; to remove by effort or violence; to make away with; to destroy. [Obs.]

I will red evil beasts out of the land. Lev. xxvi. 6.
Death's men, you have rid this sweet young prince! Shak.

4. To get over; to dispose of; to dispatch; to finish. [R.] "Willingness rids way." Shak.

Mirth will make us rid ground faster than if thieves were at our tails. J. Webster.
To be rid of, to be free or delivered from. -- To get rid of, to get deliverance from; to free one's self from.

Ridable

Rid"a*ble (?), a. Suitable for riding; as, a ridable horse; a ridable road.

Riddance

Rid"dance (?), n.

1. The act of ridding or freeing; deliverance; a cleaning up or out.

Thou shalt not make clean riddance of the corners of thy field. Lev. xxiii. 22.

2. The state of being rid or free; freedom; escape. "Riddance from all adversity." Hooker.

Ridden

Rid"den (?), p. p. of Ride.

Ridder

Rid"der (?), n. One who, or that which, rids.

Riddle

Rid"dle (?), n. [OE. ridil, AS. hridder; akin to G. reiter, L. cribrum, and to Gr. rein clean. See Crisis, Certain.]

1. A sieve with coarse meshes, usually of wire, for separating coarser materials from finer, as chaff from grain, cinders from ashes, or gravel from sand.

2. A board having a row of pins, set zigzag, between which wire is drawn to straighten it.

Riddle

Rid"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Riddling (?).]

1. To separate, as grain from the chaff, with a riddle; to pass through a riddle; as, riddle wheat; to riddle coal or gravel.

2. To perforate so as to make like a riddle; to make many holes in; as, a house riddled with shot.

Riddle

Rid"dle, n. [For riddels, s being misunderstood as the plural ending; OE. ridels, redels. AS. rraadsel, G. r\'84thsel; fr. AS. r to counsel or advise, also, to guess. &root;116. Cf. Read.] Something proposed to be solved by guessing or conjecture; a puzzling question; an ambiguous proposition; an enigma; hence, anything ambiguous or puzzling.
To wring from me, and tell to them, my secret, That solved the riddle which I had proposed. Milton.
'T was a strange riddle of a lady. Hudibras.

Riddle

Rid"dle, v. t. To explain; to solve; to unriddle.
Riddle me this, and guess him if you can. Dryden.

Riddle

Rid"dle, v. i. To speak ambiguously or enigmatically. "Lysander riddels very prettily." Shak.

Riddler

Rid"dler (?), n.One who riddles (grain, sand, etc.).

Riddler

Rid"dler, n. One who speaks in, or propounds, riddles.

Riddling

Rid"dling (?), a. Speaking in a riddle or riddles; containing a riddle. "Riddling triplets." Tennyson. -- Rid"dling, adv.

Ride

Ride (?), v. i. [imp. Rode (r&omac;d) (Rid [r&icr;d], archaic); p. p. Ridden ( (Rid, archaic); p. pr. & vb. n. Riding (.] [AS. r\'c6dan; akin to LG. riden, D. rijden, G. reiten, OHG. r\'c6tan, Icel. r\'c6&edh;a, Sw. rida, Dan. ride; cf. L. raeda a carriage, which is from a Celtic word. Cf. Road.]

1. To be carried on the back of an animal, as a horse.

To-morrow, when ye riden by the way. Chaucer.
Let your master ride on before, and do you gallop after him. Swift.

2. To be borne in a carriage; as, to ride in a coach, in a car, and the like. See Synonym, below.

The richest inhabitants exhibited their wealth, not by riding in gilden carriages, but by walking the streets with trains of servants. Macaulay.

3. To be borne or in a fluid; to float; to lie.

Men once walked where ships at anchor ride. Dryden.

4. To be supported in motion; to rest.

Strong as the exletree On which heaven rides. Shak.
On whose foolish honesty My practices ride easy! Shak.

5. To manage a horse, as an equestrian.

He rode, he fenced, he moved with graceful ease. Dryden.

6. To support a rider, as a horse; to move under the saddle; as, a horse rides easy or hard, slow or fast. To ride easy (Naut.), to lie at anchor without violent pitching or straining at the cables. -- To ride hard (Naut.), to pitch violently. -- To ride out. (a) To go upon a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer. (b) To ride in the open air. [Colloq.] -- To ride to hounds, to ride behind, and near to, the hounds in hunting. Syn. -- Drive. -- Ride, Drive. Ride originally meant (and is so used throughout the English Bible) to be carried on horseback or in a vehicle of any kind. At present in England, drive is the word applied in most cases to progress in a carriage; as, a drive around the park, etc.; while ride is appropriated to progress on a horse. Johnson seems to sanction this distinction by giving "to travel on horseback" as the leading sense of ride; though he adds "to travel in a vehicle" as a secondary sense. This latter use of the word still occurs to some extent; as, the queen rides to Parliament in her coach of state; to ride in an omnibus.

"Will you ride over or drive?" said Lord Willowby to his quest, after breakfast that morning. W. Black.

Ride

Ride, v. t.

1. To sit on, so as to be carried; as, to ride a horse; to ride a bicycle.

[They] rend up both rocks and hills, and ride the air In whirlwind. Milton.

2. To manage insolently at will; to domineer over.

The nobility could no longer endure to be ridden by bakers, cobblers, and brewers. Swift.

3. To convey, as by riding; to make or do by riding.

Tue only men that safe can ride Mine errands on the Scottish side. Sir W. Scott.

4. (Surg.) To overlap (each other); -- said of bones or fractured fragments. To ride a hobby, to have some favorite occupation or subject of talk. -- To ride and tie, to take turn with another in labor and rest; -- from the expedient adopted by two persons with one horse, one of whom rides the animal a certain distance, and then ties him for the use of the other, who is coming up on foot. Fielding. -- To ride down. (a) To ride over; to trample down in riding; to overthrow by riding against; as, to ride down an enemy. (b) (Naut.) To bear down, as on a halyard when hoisting a sail. -- To ride out (Naut.), to keep safe afloat during (a storm) while riding at anchor or when hove to on the open sea; as, to ride out the gale. <-- to ride the lightning, (Colloq.) to be executed by electrocution in an electric chair. -->

Ride

Ride, n.

1. The act of riding; an excursion on horseback or in a vehicle.

2. A saddle horse. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

3. A road or avenue cut in a wood, or through grounds, to be used as a place for riding; a riding.

Ridean

Ri*dean" (?), n. [F.] A small mound of earth; ground slightly elevated; a small ridge.

Riden

Rid"en (?), obs. imp. pl. & p. p. of Ride. Chaucer.

Rident

Ri"dent (?), a. [L. ridens, p. pr. of ridere to laugh.] Laughing. [R.] Thackeray.

Rider

Rid"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rides.

2. Formerly, an agent who went out with samples of goods to obtain orders; a commercial traveler. [Eng.]

3. One who breaks or manages a horse. Shak.

4. An addition or amendment to a manuscript or other document, which is attached on a separate piece of paper; in legislative practice, an additional clause annexed to a bill while in course of passage; something extra or burdensome that is imposed.

After the third reading, a foolish man stood up to propose a rider. Macaulay.
This [question] was a rider which Mab found difficult to answer. A. S. Hardy.

5. (Math.) A problem of more than usual difficulty added to another on an examination paper.

6. [D. rijder.] A Dutch gold coin having the figure of a man on horseback stamped upon it.

His moldy money ! half a dozen riders. J. Fletcher.

7. (Mining) Rock material in a vein of ore, dividing it.

8. (Shipbuilding) An interior rib occasionally fixed in a ship's hold, reaching from the keelson to the beame of the lower deck, to strengthen her frame. Totten.

9. (Naut.) The second tier of casks in a vessel's hold.

10. A small forked weight which straddles the beam of a balance, along which it can be moved in the manner of the weight on a steelyard.

11. A robber. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Drummond. Rider's bone (Med.), a bony deposit in the muscles of the upper and inner part of the thigh, due to the pressure and irritation caused by the saddle in riding.

Riderless

Rid"er*less, a. Having no rider; as, a riderless horse. H. Kingsley.

Ridge

Ridge (?), n. [OE. rigge the back, AS. hrycg; akin to D. rug, G. r\'9acken, OHG. rucki, hrukki, Icel. hryggr, Sw. rugg, Dan. ryg. &root;16.]

1. The back, or top of the back; a crest. Hudibras.

2. A range of hills or mountains, or the upper part of such a range; any extended elevation between valleys. "The frozen ridges of the Alps." Shak.

Part rise crystal wall, or ridge direct. Milton.

3. A raised line or strip, as of ground thrown up by a plow or left between furrows or ditches, or as on the surface of metal, cloth, or bone, etc.

4. (Arch.) The intersection of two surface forming a salient angle, especially the angle at the top between the opposite slopes or sides of a roof or a vault.

5. (Fort.) The highest portion of the glacis proceeding from the salient angle of the covered way. Stocqueler.

Ridge

Ridge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ridged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ridging.]

1. To form a ridge of; to furnish with a ridge or ridges; to make into a ridge or ridges.

Bristles ranged like those that ridge the back Of chafed wild boars. Milton.

2. To form into ridges with the plow, as land.

3. To wrinkle. "With a forehead ridged." Cowper.

Ridgeband

Ridge"band` (?), n. The part of a harness which passes over the saddle, and supports the shafts of a cart; -- called also ridgerope, and ridger. Halliwell.

Ridgebone

Ridge"bone` (?), n. The backbone. [Obs.]
Blood . . . lying cluttered about the ridgebone. Holland.

Ridgel

Ridg"el (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Ridgelling.

Ridgelet

Ridge"let (?), n. A little ridge.

Ridgeling

Ridge"ling (?), n. [Prov. E. riggilt, riggot, ananimal half castrated, a sheep having only one testicle; cf. Prov. G. rigel, rig, a barrow hog, rigler a cock half castrated.] (Zo\'94l.) A half-castrated male animal.

Ridgepiece, Ridgeplate

Ridge"piece` (?), Ridge"plate` (?), n. See Ridgepole.

Ridgepole

Ridge"pole` (?), n. (Arch.) The timber forming the ridge of a roof, into which the rafters are secured.

Ridgerope

Ridge"rope` (?), n. (Naut.) See Life line (a), under Life.

Ridgingly

Ridg"ing*ly (?), adv. So as to form ridges.

Ridgy

Ridg"y (?), a. Having a ridge or ridges; rising in a ridge. "Lifted on a ridgy wave." Pope.

Ridicle

Rid"i*cle (?), n. Ridicule. [Obs.] Foxe.

Ridicule

Rid"i*cule (?), n. [F. ridicule, L. ridiculum a jest, fr. ridiculus. See Ridiculous.]

1. An object of sport or laughter; a laughingstock; a laughing matter.

[Marlborough] was so miserably ignorant, that his deficiencies made him the ridicule of his contemporaries. Buckle.
To the people . . . but a trifle, to the king but a ridicule. Foxe.

2. Remarks concerning a subject or a person designed to excite laughter with a degree of contempt; wit of that species which provokes contemptuous laughter; disparagement by making a person an object of laughter; banter; -- a term lighter than derision.

We have in great measure restricted the meaning of ridicule, which would properly extend over whole region of the ridiculous, -- the laughable, -- and we have narrowed it so that in common usage it mostly corresponds to "derision", which does indeed involve personal and offensive feelings. Hare.
Safe from the bar, the pulpit, and the throne, Yet touched and shamed by ridicule alone. Pope.

3. Quality of being ridiculous; ridiculousness. [Obs.]

To see the ridicule of this practice. Addison.
Syn. -- Derision; banter; raillery; burlesque; mockery; irony; satire; sarcasm; gibe; jeer; sneer. -- Ridicule, Derision, Both words imply disapprobation; but ridicule usually signifies good-natured, fun-loving opposition without manifest malice, while derision is commonly bitter and scornful, and sometimes malignant.<-- ridicule is now usually malicious. RIbbing or kidding is good-natured -->

Ridicule

Rid"i*cule, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ridiculed (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Ridiculing.] To laugh at mockingly or disparagingly; to awaken ridicule toward or respecting.
I 've known the young, who ridiculed his rage. Goldsmith.
Syn. -- To deride; banter; rally; burlesque; mock; satirize; lampoon. See Deride.
Page 1241

Ridicule

Rid"i*cule (?), a. [F.] Ridiculous. [Obs.]
This action . . . became so ridicule. Aubrey.

Ridiculer

Rid"i*cu`ler (?), n. One who ridicules.

Ridiculize

Ri*dic"u*lize (?), v. t. To make ridiculous; to ridicule. [Obs.] Chapman.

Ridiculosity

Ri*dic`u*los"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being ridiculous; ridiculousness; also, something ridiculous. [Archaic] Bailey.

Ridiculous

Ri*dic"u*lous (?), a. [L. ridiculosus, ridiculus, fr. ridere to laigh. Cf. Risible.]

1. Fitted to excite ridicule; absurd and laughable; unworthy of serious consideration; as, a ridiculous dress or behavior.

Agricola, discerning that those little targets and unwieldy glaives ill pointed would soon become ridiculous against the thrust and close, commanded three Batavian cohorts . . . to draw up and come to handy strokes. Milton.

2. Involving or expressing ridicule. [r.]

[It] provokes me to ridiculous smiling. Shak.
Syn. -- Ludicrous; laughable; risible; droll; comical; absurd; preposterous. See Ludicrous. --- Ri*dic"u*lous*ly, adv. -- Ri*dic"u*lous*ness, n.

Riding

Rid"ing (?), n. [For thriding, Icel. pr the third part, fr. pri third, akin to E. third. See Third.] One of the three jurisdictions into which the county of York, in England, is divided; -- formerly under the government of reeve. They are called the North, the East, and the West, Riding. Blackstone.

Riding

Rid"ing, a.

1. Employed to travel; traveling; as, a riding clerk. "One riding apparitor." Ayliffe.

2. Used for riding on; as, a riding horse.

3. Used for riding, or when riding; devoted to riding; as, a riding whip; a riding habit; a riding day. Riding clerk. (a) A clerk who traveled for a commercial house. [Obs. Eng.] (b) One of the "six clerks" formerly attached to the English Court of Chancery. -- Riding hood. (a) A hood formerly worn by women when riding. (b) A kind of cloak with a hood. -- Riding master, an instructor in horsemanship. -- Riding rhyme (Pros.), the meter of five accents, with couplet rhyme; -- probably so called from the mounted pilgrims described in the Canterbury Tales. Dr. Guest. -- Riding school, a school or place where the art of riding is taught.

Riding

Rid"ing, n.

1. The act or state of one who rides.

2. A festival procession. [Obs.]

When there any riding was in Cheap. Chaucer.

3. Same as Ride, n., 3. Sir P. Sidney.

4. A district in charge of an excise officer. [Eng.]

Ridotto

Ri*dot"to (?), n. [It., fr. LL. reductus a retreat. See Redoubt.] A favorite Italian public entertainment, consisting of music and dancing, -- held generally on fast eves. Brande & C.
There are to be ridottos at guinea tickets. Walpole.

Ridotto

Ri*dot"to, v. i. To hold ridottos. [R.] J. G. Cooper.

Rie

Rie (?), n. See Rye. [Obs.] Holland. Rie grass. (Bot.) (a) A kind of wild barley (Hordeum pratense). Dr. Prior. (b) Ray grass. Dr. Prior.

Rief

Rief (?), n. [See Reave.] Robbery. [Obs. or Scot.]

Rietboc

Riet"boc (?), n. [D. riet reed + bok buck.] (Zo\'94l.) The reedbuck, a South African antelope (Cervicapra arundinacea); -- so called from its frequenting dry places covered with high grass or reeds. Its color is yellowish brown. Called also inghalla, and rietbok.

Rife

Rife (?), a. [AS. r\'c6f abundant, or Icel. r\'c6fr munificent; akin to OD. riff, rijve, abundant.]

1. Prevailing; prevalent; abounding.

Before the plague of London, inflammations of the lungs were rife and mortal. Arbuthnot.
Even now the tumult of loud mirth Was rife, and perfect in may listening ear. Milton.

2. Having power; active; nimble. [Obs.]

What! I am rife a little yet. J. Webster.
-- Rife"ly, adv. -- Rife"ness, n.

Riffle

Rif"fle (?), n. [CF. G. riffeln, riefeln, to groove. Cf. Rifle a gun.] (Mining) A trough or sluice having cleats, grooves, or steps across the bottom for holding quicksilver and catching particles of gold when auriferous earth is washed; also, one of the cleats, grooves, or steps in such a trough. Also called ripple.

Riffler

Rif"fler (?), n. [See Riffle.] A curved file used in carving wool and marble.

Riffraff

Riff"raff` (?), n. [OE. rif and raf every particle, OF. rif et raf. CF. Raff, and 1st Rifle.] Sweepings; refuse; the lowest order of society. Beau & Fl.

Rifle

Ri"fle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rifled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rifling (?).] [F. rifler to rifle, sweep away; of uncertain origin. CF. Raff.]

1. To seize and bear away by force; to snatch away; to carry off.

Till time shall rifle every youthful grace. Pope.

2. To strip; to rob; to pillage. Piers Plowman.

Stand, sir, and throw us that you have about ye: If not, we'll make you sit and rifle you. Shak.

3. To raffle. [Obs.] J. Webster.

Rifle

Ri"fle, v. i.

1. To raffle. [Obs.] Chapman.

2. To commit robbery. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Rifle

Ri"fle, n. [Akin to Dan. rifle, or riffel, the rifle of a gun, a chamfer (cf. riffel, riffelb\'94sse, a rifle gun, rifle to rifle a gun, G. riefeln, riefen, to chamfer, groove), and E. rive. See Rive, and cf. Riffle, Rivel.]

1. A gun, the inside of whose barrel is grooved with spiral channels, thus giving the ball a rotary motion and insuring greater accuracy of fire. As a military firearm it has superseded the musket.

2. pl. (Mil.) A body of soldiers armed with rifles.

3. A strip of wood covered with emery or a similar material, used for sharpening scythes. Rifle pit (Mil.), a trench for sheltering sharpshooters.

Rifle

Ri"fle (?), v. t.

1. To grove; to channel; especially, to groove internally with spiral channels; as, to rifle a gun barrel or a cannon.

2. To whet with a rifle. See Rifle, n., 3.

Riflebird

Ri"fle*bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of beautiful birds of Australia and New Guinea, of the genera Ptiloris and Craspidophora, allied to the paradise birds. &hand; The largest and best known species is Ptiloris paradisea of Australia. Its general color is rich velvety brown, glossed with lilac; the under parts are varied with rich olive green, and the head, throat, and two middle tail feathers are brilliant metallic green.

Rifleman

Ri"fle*man (?), n.; pl. Rifleman (. (Mil.) A soldier armed with a rifle.

Rifler

Ri"fler (?), n. One who rifles; a robber.

Rifling

Ri"fling (?), n. (a) The act or process of making the grooves in a rifled cannon or gun barrel. (b) The system of grooves in a rifled gun barrel or cannon. Shunt rifling, rifling for cannon, in which one side of the groove is made deeper than the other, to facilitate loading with shot having projections which enter by the deeper part of the grooves.

Rift

Rift (?), obs. p. p. of Rive. Spenser.

Rift

Rift, n. [Written also reft.] [Dan. rift, fr. rieve to rend. See Rive.]

1. An opening made by riving or splitting; a cleft; a fissure. Spenser.

2. A shallow place in a stream; a ford.

Rift

Rift, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rifting.] To cleave; to rive; to split; as, to rift an oak or a rock; to rift the clouds. Longfellow.
To dwell these rifted rocks between. Wordsworth.

Rift

Rift, v. i.

1. To burst open; to split. Shak.

Timber . . . not apt to rif with ordnance. Bacon.

2. To belch. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Rifter

Rift"er (?), n. A rafter. [Obs.] Holland.

Rig

Rig (?), n. [See Ridge.] A ridge. [Prov. or Scott.]

Rig

Rig, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rigging (?).] [Norweg. rigga to bind, particularly, to wrap round, rig; cf. AS. wr\'c6han to cover.]

1. To furnish with apparatus or gear; to fit with tackling.

2. To dress; to equip; to clothe, especially in an odd or fanciful manner; -- commonly followed by out.

Jack was rigged out in his gold and silver lace. L'Estrange.
To rig a purchase, to adapt apparatus so as to get a purchase for moving a weight, as with a lever, tackle, capstan, etc. -- To rig a ship (Naut.), to fit the shrouds, stays, braces, etc., to their respective masts and yards.

Rig

Rig, n.

1. (Naut.) The peculiar fitting in shape, number, and arrangement of sails and masts, by which different types of vessels are distinguished; as, schooner rig, ship rig, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.

2. Dress; esp., odd or fanciful clothing. [Colloq.]

Rig

Rig, n [Cf. Wriggle.]

1. A romp; a wanton; one given to unbecoming conduct. [Obs.] Fuller.

2. A sportive or unbecoming trick; a frolic.

3. A blast of wind. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

That uncertain season before the rigs of Michaelmas were yet well composed. Burke.
To run a rig, to play a trick; to engage in a frolic; to do something strange and unbecoming.
He little dreamt when he set out Of running such a rig. Cowper.

Rig

Rig, v. i. To play the wanton; to act in an unbecoming manner; to play tricks. "Rigging and rifling all ways." Chapman.

Rig

Rig, v. t. To make free with; hence, to steal; to pilfer. [Obs. or Prov.] Tusser. To rig the market (Stock Exchange), to raise or lower market prices, as by some fraud or trick. [Cant]

Rigadoon

Rig`a*doon" (?), n. [F. rigadon, rigaudon.] A gay, lively dance for one couple, -- said to have been borrowed from Provence in France. W. Irving.
Whose dancing dogs in rigadoons excel. Wolcott.

Riga fir

Ri"ga fir` (?) [So called from Riga, a city in Russia.] (Bot.) A species of pine (Pinus sylvestris), and its wood, which affords a valuable timber; -- called also Scotch pine, and red ∨ yellow deal. It grows in all parts of Europe, in the Caucasus, and in Siberia.

Rigarion

Ri*ga"rion (?), n. [L. rigatio, fr. rigare to water.] See Irrigation. [Obs.]

Rigel

Ri"gel (?), n. [Ar. rijl, properly, foot.] (Astron.) A fixed star of the first magnitude in the left foot of the constellation Orion. [Written also Regel.]

Rigescent

Ri*ges"cent (?), a. [L. rigescens, p. pr. fr. rigescere to grow stiff.] Growing stiff or numb.

Rigger

Rig"ger (?), n.

1. One who rigs or dresses; one whose occupation is to fit the rigging of a ship.

2. A cylindrical pulley or drum in machinery. [R.]

Rigging

Rig"ging (?), n. DRess; tackle; especially (Naut.), the ropes, chains, etc., that support the masts and spars of a vessel, and serve as purchases for adjusting the sails, etc. See Illustr. of Ship and Sails. Running rigging (Naut.), all those ropes used in bracing the yards, making and shortening sail, etc., such as braces, sheets, halyards, clew lines, and the like. -- Standing rigging (Naut.), the shrouds and stays.

Riggish

Rig"gish (?), a. Like a rig or wanton. [Obs.] "Riggish and unmaidenly." Bp. Hall.

Riggle

Rig"gle (?), v. i. See Wriggle.

Riggle

Rig"gle, n. The European lance fish. [Prov. Eng.]

Right

Right (?), a. [OE. right, riht, AS. riht; akin to D. regt, OS. & OHG. reht, G. recht, Dan. ret, Sw. r\'84tt, Icel. r\'89ttr, Goth. ra\'a1hts, L. rectus, p. p. of regere to guide, rule; cf. Skr. straight, right. &root;115. Cf. Adroit,Alert, Correct, Dress, Regular, Rector, Recto, Rectum, Regent, Region, Realm, Rich, Riyal, Rule.]

1. Straight; direct; not crooked; as, a right line. "Right as any line." Chaucer

2. Upright; erect from a base; having an upright axis; not oblique; as, right ascension; a right pyramid or cone.

3. Conformed to the constitution of man and the will of God, or to justice and equity; not deviating from the true and just; according with truth and duty; just; true.

That which is conformable to the Supreme Rule is absolutely right, and is called right simply without relation to a special end. Whately.

2. Fit; suitable; proper; correct; becoming; as, the right man in the right place; the right way from London to Oxford.

5. Characterized by reality or genuineness; real; actual; not spurious. "His right wife." Chaucer.

In this battle, . . . the Britons never more plainly manifested themselves to be right barbarians. Milton.

6. According with truth; passing a true judgment; conforming to fact or intent; not mistaken or wrong; not erroneous; correct; as, this is the right faith.

You are right, Justice, and you weigh this well. Shak.
If there be no prospect beyond the grave, the inference is . . . right, "Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die." Locke.

7. Most favorable or convenient; fortunate.

The lady has been disappointed on the right side. Spectator.

8. Of or pertaining to that side of the body in man on which the muscular action is usually stronger than on the other side; -- opposed to left when used in reference to a part of the body; as, the right side, hand, arm. Also applied to the corresponding side of the lower animals.

Became the sovereign's favorite, his right hand. Longfellow.
&hand; In designating the banks of a river, right and left are used always with reference to the position of one who is facing in the direction of the current's flow.

9. Well placed, disposed, or adjusted; orderly; well regulated; correctly done.

10. Designed to be placed or worn outward; as, the right side of a piece of cloth. At right angles, so as to form a right angle or right angles, as when one line crosses another perpendicularly. -- Right and left, in both or all directions. [Colloq.] -- Right and left coupling (Pipe fitting), a coupling the opposite ends of which are tapped for a right-handed screw and a left-handed screw, respectivelly. -- Right angle. (a) The angle formed by one line meeting another perpendicularly, as the angles ABD, DBC. (b) (Spherics) A spherical angle included between the axes of two great circles whose planes are perpendicular to each other. -- Right ascension. See under Ascension. -- Right Center (Politics), those members belonging to the Center in a legislative assembly who have sympathies with the Right on political questions. See Center, n., 5. -- Right cone, Right cylinder, Right prism, Right pyramid (Geom.), a cone, cylinder, prism, or pyramid, the axis of which is perpendicular to the base. -- Right line. See under Line. -- Right sailing (Naut.), sailing on one of the four cardinal points, so as to alter a ship's latitude or its longitude, but not both. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- Right sphere (Astron. & Geol.), a sphere in such a position that the equator cuts the horizon at right angles; in spherical projections, that position of the sphere in which the primitive plane coincides with the plane of the equator. &hand; Right is used elliptically for it is right, what you say is right, true.

"Right," cries his lordship. Pope.
Syn. -- Straight; direct; perpendicular; upright; lawful; rightful; true; correct; just; equitable; proper; suitable; becoming.

Right

Right, adv.

1. In a right manner.

2. In a right or straight line; directly; hence; straightway; immediately; next; as, he stood right before me; it went right to the mark; he came right out; he followed right after the guide.

Unto Dian's temple goeth she right. Chaucer.
Let thine eyes look right on. Prov. iv. 25.
Right across its track there lay, Down in the water, a long reef of gold. Tennyson.

3. Exactly; just. [Obs. or Colloq.]

Came he right now to sing a raven's note? Shak.

4. According to the law or will of God; conforming to the standard of truth and justice; righteously; as, to live right; to judge right.

5. According to any rule of art; correctly.

You with strict discipline instructed right. Roscommon.

6. According to fact or truth; actually; truly; really; correctly; exactly; as, to tell a story right. "Right at mine own cost." Chaucer.

Right as it were a steed of Lumbardye. Chaucer.
His wounds so smarted that he slept right naught. Fairfax.

7. In a great degree; very; wholly; unqualifiedly; extremely; highly; as, right humble; right noble; right valiant. "He was not right fat". Chaucer.

For which I should be right sorry. Tyndale.
[I] return those duties back as are right fit. Shak.
&hand; In this sense now chiefly prefixed to titles; as, right honorable; right reverend. Right honorable, a title given in England to peers and peeresses, to the eldest sons and all daughters of such peers as have rank above viscounts, and to all privy councilors; also, to certain civic officers, as the lord mayor of London, of York, and of Dublin.
Page 1242

&hand; Right is used in composition with other adverbs, as upright, downright, forthright, etc. Right along, without cessation; continuously; as, to work right along for several hours. [Colloq. U.S.] -- Right away, ∨ Right off, at once; straightway; without delay. [Colloq. U.S.] "We will . . . shut ourselves up in the office and do the work right off." D. Webster.

Right

Right (?), n. [AS. right. See Right, a.]

1. That which is right or correct. Specifically: (a) The straight course; adherence to duty; obedience to lawful authority, divine or human; freedom from guilt, -- the opposite of moral wrong. (b) A true statement; freedom from error of falsehood; adherence to truth or fact.

Seldom your opinions err; Your eyes are always in the right. Prior.
(c) A just judgment or action; that which is true or proper; justice; uprightness; integrity.
Long love to her has borne the faithful knight, And well deserved, had fortune done him right. Dryden.

2. That to which one has a just claim. Specifically: (a) That which one has a natural claim to exact.

There are no rights whatever, without corresponding duties. Coleridge.
(b) That which one has a legal or social claim to do or to exact; legal power; authority; as, a sheriff has a right to arrest a criminal. (c) That which justly belongs to one; that which one has a claim to possess or own; the interest or share which anyone has in a piece of property; title; claim; interest; ownership.
Born free, he sought his right. Dryden.
Hast thou not right to all created things? Milton.
Men have no right to what is not reasonable. Burke.
(d) Privilege or immunity granted by authority.

3. The right side; the side opposite to the left.

Led her to the Souldan's right. Spenser.

4. In some legislative bodies of Europe (as in France), those members collectively who are conservatives or monarchists. See Center, 5.

5. The outward or most finished surface, as of a piece of cloth, a carpet, etc. At all right, at all points; in all respects. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Bill of rights, a list of rights; a paper containing a declaration of rights, or the declaration itself. See under Bill. -- By right, By rights, ∨ By good rights, rightly; properly; correctly.

He should himself use it by right. Chaucer.
I should have been a woman by right. Shak.
-- Divine right, ∨ Divine right of kings, a name given to the patriarchal theory of government, especially to the doctrine that no misconduct and no dispossession can forfeit the right of a monarch or his heirs to the throne, and to the obedience of the people. -- To rights. (a) In a direct line; straight. [R.] Woodward. (b) At once; directly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Swift. -- To set to rights, To put to rights, to put in good order; to adjust; to regulate, as what is out of order. -- Writ of right (Law), a writ which lay to recover lands in fee simple, unjustly withheld from the true owner. Blackstone.

Right

Right, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Righted; p. pr. & vb. n. Righting.] [AS. rihtan. See Right, a.]

1. To bring or restore to the proper or natural position; to set upright; to make right or straight (that which has been wrong or crooked); to correct.

2. To do justice to; to relieve from wrong; to restore rights to; to assert or regain the rights of; as, to right the oppressed; to right one's self; also, to vindicate.

So just is God, to right the innocent. Shak.
All experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. Jefferson.
To right a vessel (Naut.), to restore her to an upright position after careening. -- To right the helm (Naut.), to place it in line with the keel.

Right

Right, v. i.

1. To recover the proper or natural condition or position; to become upright.

2. (Naut.) Hence, to regain an upright position, as a ship or boat, after careening.

Right-about

Right"-a*bout` (?), n. [Right, adv. + about, adv.] A turning directly about by the right, so as to face in the opposite direction; also, the quarter directly opposite; as, to turn to the right-about. To send to the right-about, to cause to turn toward the opposite point or quarter; -- hence, of troops, to cause to turn and retreat. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.

Right-angled

Right"-an`gled (?), a. Containing a right angle or right angles; as, a right-angled triangle.

Righten

Right"en (?), v. t. To do justice to. [Obs.]
Relieve [marginal reading, righten] the opressed. Isa. i. 17.

Righteous

Right"eous (?), a. [OE. rightways, rightwise, AS.rightw\'c6s; riht right + w\'c6s wise, having wisdom, prudent. See Right, a., Wise, a.] Doing, or according with, that which is right; yielding to all their due; just; equitable; especially, free from wrong, guilt, or sin; holy; as, a righteous man or act; a righteous retribution.
Fearless in his righteous cause. Milton.
Syn. -- Upright; just; godly; holy; uncorrupt; virtuous; honest; equitable; rightful.

Righteoused

Right"eoused (?), a. Made righteous. [Obs.]

Righteously

Right"eous*ly (?), adv. [AS. rightw\'c6sl\'c6ce.] In a righteous manner; as, to judge righteously.

Righteousness

Right"eous*ness, n. [AS. rihtw\'c6snes.]

1. The quality or state of being righteous; holiness; purity; uprightness; rectitude. &hand; Righteousness, as used in Scripture and theology, in which it chiefly occurs, is nearly equivalent to holiness, comprehending holy principles and affections of heart, and conformity of life to the divine law.

2. A righteous act, or righteous quality.

All our righteousnesses are as filthy rags. Isa. lxiv. 6.

3. The act or conduct of one who is righteous.

Blessed are they that keep judgment, and he that doeth right at all times. Ps. cvi. 3.

4. (Theol.) The state of being right with God; justification; the work of Christ, which is the ground justification.

There are two kinds of Christian righteousness: the one without us, which we have by imputation; the other in us, which consisteth of faith, hope, and charity, and other Christian virtues. Hooker.
Only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us, and received by faith alone. Westminster Catechism.
Syn. -- Uprightness; holiness; godliness; equity; justice; rightfulness; integryty; honesty; faithfulness.

Righter

Right"er (?), n. One who sets right; one who does justice or redresses wrong. Shelton.

Rightful

Right"ful (?), a.

1. Righteous; upright; just; good; -- said of persons. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Consonant to justice; just; as, a rightful cause.

3. Having the right or just claim according to established laws; being or holding by right; as, the rightful heir to a throne or an estate; a rightful king.

4. Belonging, held, or possessed by right, or by just claim; as, a rightful inheritance; rightful authority. Syn. -- Just; lawful; true; honest; equitable; proper.

Rightfully

Right"ful*ly, adv. According to right or justice.

Rightfulness

Right"ful*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being rightful; accordance with right and justice.

2. Moral rectitude; righteousness. [Obs.] Wyclif.

We fail of perfect rightfulness. Sir P. Sidney.

Right-hand

Right"-hand` (?), a.

1. Situated or being on the right; nearer the right hand than the left; as, the right-hand side, room, or road.

2. Chiefly relied on; almost indispensable.

Mr. Alexander Truncheon, who is their right-hand man in the troop. Addison.
Right-hand rope, a rope which is laid up and twisted with the sun, that is, in the same direction as plain-laid rope. See Illust. of Cordage.

Righthanded

Right"*hand`ed, a.

1. Using the right hand habitually, or more easily than the left.

2. Having the same direction or course as the movement of the hands of a watch seen in front; -- said of the motion of a revolving object looked at from a given direction.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Having the whorls rising from left to right; dextral; -- said of spiral shells. See Illust. of Scalaria. Right-handed screw, a screw, the threads of which, like those of a common wood screw, wind spirally in such a direction that screw advances away from the observer when turned with a right-handed movement in a fixed nut.

Right-handedness

Right"-hand`ed*ness, n. The state or quality of being right-handed; hence, skill; dexterity.

Right-hearted

Right"-heart`ed (?), a. Having a right heart or disposition. -- Right"-heart`ed*ness, n.

Rightless

Right"less, a. Destitute of right. Sylvester.

Right-lined

Right"-lined` (?), a. Formed by right lines; rectilineal; as, a right-lined angle.

Rightly

Right"ly, adv. [AS. richtlice.]

1. Straightly; directly; in front. [Obs.] Shak.

2. According to justice; according to the divine will or moral rectitude; uprightly; as, duty rightly performed.

3. Properly; fitly; suitably; appropriately.

Eve rightly called, Mother of all mankind. Milton.

4. According to truth or fact; correctly; not erroneously; exactly. "I can not rightly say." Shak.

Thou didst not rightly see. Dryden.

Right-minded

Right"-mind`ed (?), a. Having a right or honest mind. -- Right"-mind`ed*ness, n.

Rightness

Right"ness, n. [AS. richtnes.] . Straightness; as, the rightness of a line. Bacon.

2. The quality or state of being right; right relation.

The craving for rightness with God. J. C. Shairp.

Right-running

Right"-run`ning (?), a. Straight; direct.

Rightward

Right"ward (?), adv. Toward the right.
Rightward and leftward rise the rocks. Southey.

Right whale

Right" whale` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The bowhead, Arctic, or Greenland whale (Bal\'91na mysticetus), from whose mouth the best whalebone is obtained. (b) Any other whale that produces valuable whalebone, as the Atlantic, or Biscay, right whale (Bal\'91na cisarctica), and the Pacific right whale (B. Sieboldii); a bone whale. Pygmy right whale (Zo\'94l.), a small New Zealand whale (Neobal\'91na marginata) which is only about sixteen feet long. It produces short, but very elastic and tough, whalebone.

Rightwise

Right"wise` (?), a. Righteous. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Rightwise

Right"wise`, v. t. To make righteous. [Obs.]

Rightwisely

Right"wise`ly, adv. Righteously. [Obs.]

Rightwiseness

Right"wise`ness, n. Righteousness. [Obs.]
In doom and eke in rightwisnesse. Chaucer.

Rigid

Rig"id (?), a. [L. rigidus, fr. rigere to be stiff or numb: cf. F. rigide. Cf. Rigor. ]

1. Firm; stiff; unyielding; not pliant; not flexible.

Upright beams innumerable Of rigid spears. Milton.

2. Hence, not lax or indulgent; severe; inflexible; strict; as, a rigid father or master; rigid discipline; rigid criticism; a rigid sentence.

The more rigid order of principles in religion and government. Hawthorne.
Syn. -- Stiff; unpliant; inflexible; unyielding; strict; exact; severe; austere; stern; rigorous; unmitigated.

Rigidity

Ri*gid"i*ty (?), n. [L. rigiditas: cf. F. rigidit\'82. See Rigid.]

1. The quality or state of being rigid; want of pliability; the quality of resisting change of from; the amount of resistance with which a body opposes change of form; -- opposed to flexibility, ductility, malleability, and softness.

2. Stiffness of appearance or manner; want of ease or elegance. Sir H. Wotton.

3. Severity; rigor. [Obs. orR.] Bp. Burnet. Syn. -- Stiffness; rigidness; inflexibility.

Rigidly

Rig"id*ly (?), v. In a rigid manner; stiffly.

Rigidness

Rig"id*ness, n. The quality or state of being rigid.

Rigidulous

Ri*gid"u*lous (?), a. [Dim. from rigid.] (Bot.) Somewhat rigid or stiff; as, a rigidulous bristle.

Riglet

Rig"let (?), n. (Print.) See Reglet.

Rigmarole

Rig"ma*role (?), n. [For ragman roll. See Ragman's roll.] A succession of confused or nonsencial statements; foolish talk; nonsense. [Colloq.]
Often one's dear friend talks something which one scruples to call rigmarole. De Quincey.

Rigmarole

Rig"ma*role, a. Consisting of rigmarole; frovolous; nonsensical; foolish.

Rigol

Rig"ol (?), n. [OE. also ringol. Cf. Ring.] A circle; hence, a diadem. [Obs.] Shak.

Rigoll

Rig"oll (?), n. [Corruupted fr. regal.] A musical instrument formerly in use, consisting of several sticks bound together, but separated by beads, and played with a stick with a ball at its end. Moore (Encyc. of Music. ).

Rigor

Ri"gor (?), n. [L. See Rigor., below.]

1. Rigidity; stiffness.

2. (ed.) A sense of chilliness, with contraction of the skin; a convulsive shuddering or tremor, as in the chill preceeding a fever. Rigor caloris ( [L., rigor of heat] (Physiol.), a form of rigor mortis induced by heat, as when the muscle of a mammal is heated to about 50°C. -- Rigor mortis ( [L. , rigor of death] , death stiffening; the rigidity of the muscles that occurs at death and lasts till decomposition sets in. It is due to the formation of myosin by the coagulation of the contents of the individual muscle fibers.

Rigor

Rig"or (?), n. [OE. rigour, OF. rigour, F. rigueur, from L. rigor, fr. rigere to be stiff. See Rigid.] [Written also rigour.]

1. The becoming stiff or rigid; the state of being rigid; rigidity; stiffness; hardness.

The rest his look Bound with Gorgonian rigor not to move. Milton.

2. (Med.) See 1st Rigor, 2.

3. Severity of climate or season; inclemency; as, the rigor of the storm; the rigors of winter.

4. Stiffness of opinion or temper; rugged sternness; hardness; relentless severity; hard-heartedness; cruelty.

All his rigor is turned to grief and pity. Denham.
If I shall be condemn'd Upon surmises, . . . I tell you 'T is rigor and not law. Shak.

5. Exactness without allowance, deviation, or indulgence; strictness; as, the rigor of criticism; to execute a law with rigor; to enforce moral duties with rigor; -- opposed to lenity.

6. Severity of life; austerity; voluntary submission to pain, abstinence, or mortification.

The prince lived in this convent with all the rigor and austerity of a capuchin. Addison.

7. Violence; force; fury. [Obs.]

Whose raging rigor neither steel nor brass could stay. Spenser.
Syn. -- Stiffness; rigidness; inflexibility; severity; austerity; sternness; harshness; strictness; exactness.

Rigorism

Rig"or*ism (?), n.

1. Rigidity in principle or practice; strictness; -- opposed to laxity.

2. Severity, as of style, or the like. Jefferson.

Rigorist

Rig"or*ist, n. [Cf. F. rigoriste.] One who is rigorous; -- sometimes applied to an extreme Jansenist.

Rigorous

Rig"or*ous (?), a. [F. rigoureux, LL. rigorosus. See Rigor.]

1. Manifesting, exercising, or favoring rigor; allowing no abatement or mitigation; scrupulously accurate; exact; strict; severe; relentless; as, a rigorous officer of justice; a rigorous execution of law; a rigorous definition or demonstration.

He shall be thrown down the Tarpeian Rock With rigorous hands. Shak.
We do not connect the scattered phenomena into their rigorous unity. De Quincey.

2. Severe; intense; inclement; as, a rigorous winter.

3. Violent. [Obs.] "Rigorous uproar." Spenser. Syn. -- Rigid; inflexible; unyielding; stiff; severe; austere; stern; harsh; strict; exact. -- Rig"or*ous*ly, adv. -- Rig"or*ous*ness, n.

Rigsdaler

Rigs"da`ler (?), n. [Dan. See Rix-dollar.] A Danish coin worth about fifty-four cents. It was former unit of value in Denmark.

Riksdaler

Riks"da`ler (?), n. [Sw. See Rix-dollar.] A Swedish coin worth about twenty-seven cents. It was formerly the unit of value in Sweden.

Rig-Veda

Rig`-Ve"da (?). See Veda.

Rile

Rile (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Riling.] [See Roil.]

1. To render turbid or muddy; to stir up; to roil.

2. To stir up in feelings; to make angry; to vex. &hand; In both senses provincial in England and colloquial in the United States.

Rilievo

Ri*lie"vo (?), n.[It. See Relief.] (Sculp. & Arch.) Same as Relief, n.,5.

Rill

Rill (?), n. [Cf. LG. rille a small channel or brook, a furrow, a chamfer, OE. rigol a small brook, F. rigole a trench or furrow for water, W. rhill a row, rhigol a little ditch. &root;11.]

1. A very small brook; a streamlet.

2. (Astron.) See Rille.

Rill

Rill, v. i. To run a small stream. [R.] Prior.

Rille

Rille (?), n. [G. rille a furrow.] (Astron.) One of certain narrow, crooked valleys seen, by aid of the telescope, on the surface of the moon.

Rillet

Rill"et (?), n. A little rill. Burton.

Rily

Ri"ly (?), a. Roily. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
Page 1243

Rim

Rim (?), n. [As. rima, reoma, edge; cf. W. rhim, rhimp, a rim, edge, boundary, termination, Armor, rim. Cf. Rind.]

1. The border, edge, or margin of a thing, usually of something circular or curving; as, the rim of a kettle or basin.

2. The lower part of the abdomen. [Obs.] Shak. Arch rim (Phonetics), the line between the gums and the palate. -- Rim-fire cartridge. (Mil.) See under Cartridge. -- Rim lock. See under Lock.

Rim

Rim, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rimmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rimming.] To furnish with a rim; to border.

Rima

Ri"ma (?), n.; pl. Rim\'91 (#). [L.] (Anat.) A narrow and elongated aperture; a cleft; a fissure.

Rimau dahan

Ri"mau da"han (?). [From the native Oriental name.] (Zo\'94l.) The clouded tiger cat (Felis marmorata) of Southern Asia and the East Indies.

Rimbase

Rim"base` (?), n. (Mil.) A short cylinder connecting a trunnion with the body of a cannon. See Illust. of Cannon.

Rime

Rime (?), n. [L. rima.] A rent or long aperture; a chink; a fissure; a crack. Sir T. Browne.

Rime

Rime, n. [AS. hr\'c6m; akin to D. rijm, Icel. hr\'c6m, Dan. rim, Sw. rim; cf. D. rijp, G. reif, OHG. r\'c6fo, hr\'c6fo.] White frost; hoarfrost; congealed dew or vapor.
The trees were now covered with rime. De Quincey.

Rime

Rime, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Riming.] To freeze or congeal into hoarfrost.

Rime

Rime, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A step or round of a ladder; a rung.

Rime

Rime, n. Rhyme. See Rhyme. Coleridge. Landor. &hand; This spelling, which is etymologically preferable, is coming into use again.

Rime

Rime, v. i. & t. To rhyme. See Rhyme.

Rimer

Rim"er (?), n. A rhymer; a versifier.

Rimer

Rim"er, n. A tool for shaping the rimes of a ladder.

Rimey

Rim"ey (?), v. t. [Cf. OF. rimoier. See Ryime.] To compose in rhyme; to versify. [Obs.]
[Lays] rimeyed in their first Breton tongue. Chaucer.

Rimmer

Rim"mer (?), n. An implement for cutting, trimming, or ornamenting the rim of anything, as the edges of pies, etc.; also, a reamer. Knight.

Rimose

Ri*mose" (?), a. [L. rimosus, fr. rima a chink: cf. F. rimeux.]

1. Full of rimes, fissures, or chinks.

2. (Nat. Hist.) Having long and nearly parallel clefts or chinks, like those in the bark of trees.

Rimosely

Ri*mose"ly, adv. In a rimose manner.

Rimosity

Ri*mos"i*ty (?), n. State of being rimose.

Rimous

Rim"ous (?), a. Rimose.

Rimple

Rim"ple (?), n. [AS. hrimpele, or rimpel. See Rumple.] A fold or wrinkle. See Rumple.

Rimple

Rim"ple, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Rimpled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rimpling (?).] To rumple; to wrinkle.

Rimy

Rim"y (?), a. Abounding with rime; frosty.

Rind

Rind (?), n. [AS. rind bark, crust of bread; akin rinta, G. rinde, and probably to E. rand, rim; cf. Skr. ram to end, rest.] The external covering or coat, as of flesh, fruit, trees, etc.; skin; hide; bark; peel; shell.
Thou canst not touch the freedom of my mind With all thy charms, although this corporal rind Thou hast immanacled. Milton.

Rind

Rind, v. t. To remove the rind of; to bark. [R.]

Rinderpest

Rin"der*pest (?), n. [G., fr. rind, pl. rinder, cattle + pest pest, plague.] A highly contagious distemper or murrain, affecting neat cattle, and less commonly sheep and goats; -- called also cattle plague, Russian cattle plague, and steppe murrain.

Rindle

Rin"dle (?), n. [AS. rynele. &root;11. See Run.] A small water course or gutter. Ash.

Rindless

Rind"less (?), a. Destitute of a rind.

Rindy

Rind"y (?), a. Having a rind or skin. Ash.

Rine

Rine (?), n. See Rind. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rined

Rined (?), a. Having a rind [Obs.] Milton.

Rinforzando

Rin`for*zan"do (?), a. [It., fr. rinfor to re\'89nforce, strengthen.] (Mus.) Increasing; strengthening; -- a direction indicating a sudden increase of force (abbreviated rf., rfz.) Cf. Forzando, and Sforzando.

Ring

Ring (?), v. t. [imp. Rang (?) or Rung (; p. p. Rung; p. pr. & vb. n. Ringing.] [AS. hringan; akin to Icel. hringja, Sw. ringa, Dan. ringe, OD. ringhen, ringkelen. &root;19.]

1. To cause to sound, especially by striking, as a metallic body; as, to ring a bell.

2. To make (a sound), as by ringing a bell; to sound.

The shard-borne beetle, with his drowsy hums, Hath rung night's yawning peal. Shak.

3. To repeat often, loudly, or earnestly. To ring a peal, to ring a set of changes on a chime of bells. -- To ring the changes upon. See under Change. -- To ring in ∨ out, to usher, attend on, or celebrate, by the ringing of bells; as, to ring out the old year and ring in the new. Tennyson. -- To ring the bells backward, to sound the chimes, reversing the common order; -- formerly done as a signal of alarm or danger. Sir W. Scott.

Ring

Ring, v. i.

1. To sound, as a bell or other sonorous body, particularly a metallic one.

Now ringen trompes loud and clarion. Chaucer.
Why ring not out the bells? Shak.

2. To practice making music with bells. Holder.

3. To sound loud; to resound; to be filled with a

With sweeter notes each rising temple rung. Pope.
The hall with harp and carol rang. Tennyson.
My ears still ring with noise. Dryden.

4. To continue to sound or vibrate; to resound.

The assertion is still ringing in our ears. Burke.

5. To be filled with report or talk; as, the whole town rings with his fame.

Ring

Ring, n.

1. A sound; especially, the sound of vibrating metals; as, the ring of a bell.

2. Any loud sound; the sound of numerous voices; a sound continued, repeated, or reverberated.

The ring of acclamations fresh in his ears. Bacon

3. A chime, or set of bells harmonically tuned.

As great and tunable a ring of bells as any in the world. Fuller.

Ring

Ring (?), n. [AS. hring, hrinc; akin to Fries. hring, D. & G. ring, OHG. ring, hring, Icel. hringr, DAn. & SW. ring; cf. Russ. krug'. Cf. Harangue, Rank a row,Rink.] A circle, or a circular line, or anything in the form of a circular line or hoop.

2. Specifically, a circular ornament of gold or other precious material worn on the finger, or attached to the ear, the nose, or some other part of the person; as, a wedding ring.

Upon his thumb he had of gold a ring. Chaucer.
The dearest ring in Venice will I give you. Shak.

3. A circular area in which races are or run or other sports are performed; an arena.

Place me. O, place me in the dusty ring, Where youthful charioteers contened for glory. E. Smith.

4. An inclosed space in which pugilists fight; hence, figuratively, prize fighting. "The road was an institution, the ring was an institution." Thackeray.

5. A circular group of persons.

And hears the Muses in a Aye round about Jove's alter sing. Milton.

6. (Geom.) (a) The plane figure included between the circumferences of two concentric circles. (b) The solid generated by the revolution of a circle, or other figure, about an exterior straight line (as an axis) lying in the same plane as the circle or other figure.

7. (Astron. & Navigation) An instrument, formerly used for taking the sun's altitude, consisting of a brass ring suspended by a swivel, with a hole at one side through which a solar ray entering indicated the altitude on the graduated inner surface opposite.

8. (Bot.) An elastic band partly or wholly encircling the spore cases of ferns. See Illust. of Sporangium.

9. A clique; an exclusive combination of persons for a selfish purpose, as to control the market, distribute offices, obtain contracts, etc.

The ruling ring at Constantinople. E. A. Freeman.
Ring armor, armor composed of rings of metal. See Ring mail, below, and Chain mail, under Chain. -- Ring blackbird (Zo\'94l.), the ring ousel. -- Ring canal (Zo\'94l.), the circular water tube which surrounds the esophagus of echinoderms. -- Ring dotterel, ∨ Ringed dotterel. (Zo\'94l.) See Dotterel, and Illust. of Pressiroster. -- Ring dropper, a sharper who pretends to have found a ring (dropped by himself), and tries to induce another to buy it as valuable, it being worthless. -- Ring fence. See under Fence. -- Ring finger, the third finger of the left hand, or the next the little finger, on which the ring is placed in marriage. -- Ring formula (Chem.), a graphic formula in the shape of a closed ring, as in the case of benzene, pyridine, etc. See Illust. under Benzene. -- Ring mail, a kind of mail made of small steel rings sewed upon a garment of leather or of cloth. -- Ring micrometer. (Astron.) See Circular micrometer, under Micrometer. -- Saturn's rings. See Saturn. -- Ring ousel. (Zo\'94l.) See Ousel. -- Ring parrot (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World parrakeets having a red ring around the neck, especially Pal\'91ornis torquatus, common in India, and P. Alexandri of Java. -- Ring plover. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The ringed dotterel. (b) Any one of several small American plovers having a dark ring around the neck, as the semipalmated plover (\'92gialitis semipalmata). -- Ring snake (Zo\'94l.), a small harmless American snake (Diadophis punctatus) having a white ring around the neck. The back is ash-colored, or sage green, the belly of an orange red. -- Ring stopper. (Naut.) See under Stopper. -- Ring thrush (Zo\'94l.), the ring ousel. -- The prize ring, the ring in which prize fighters contend; prize fighters, collectively. -- The ring. (a) The body of sporting men who bet on horse races. [Eng.] (b) The prize ring.

Ring

Ring, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ringed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ringing.]

1. To surround with a ring, or as with a ring; to encircle. "Ring these fingers." Shak.

2. (Hort.) To make a ring around by cutting away the bark; to girdle; as, to ring branches or roots.

3. To fit with a ring or with rings, as the fingers, or a swine's snout.

Ring

Ring, v. i. (Falconry) To rise in the air spirally.

Ringbill

Ring"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The ring-necked scaup duck; -- called also ring-billed blackhead. See Scaup.

Ringbird

Ring"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The reed bunting. It has a collar of white feathers. Called also ring bunting.

Ringbolt

Ring"bolt` (?), n. An eyebolt having a ring through the eye.

Ringbone

Ring"bone` (?), n. (Far.) A morbid growth or deposit of bony matter between or on the small pastern and the great pastern bones. J. H. Walsh.

Ringdove

Ring"dove` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A European wild pigeon (Columba palumbus) having a white crescent on each side of the neck, whence the name. Called also wood pigeon, and cushat.

Ringed

Ringed (?), a.

1. Encircled or marked with, or as with, a ring or rings.

2. Wearning a wedding ring; hence, lawfully wedded. "A ringed wife." Tennyson. Ringed seal (Zo\'94l.), a North Pacific seal (Phoca f\'d2tida) having ringlike spots on the body. -- Ringed snake (Zo\'94l.), a harmless European snake (Tropidonotus natrix) common in England. -- Ringed worm (Zo\'94l.), an annelid.

Ringent

Rin"gent (?), a. [L. ringens, -entis, p. pr. of ringi to open wide the mouth: cf. F. ringent.] (Bot.) Having the lips widely separated and gaping like an open mouth; as a ringent bilabiate corolla.

Ringer

Ring"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rings; especially, one who rings chimes on bells.

2. (Mining) A crowbar. Simmonds.

Ringer

Ring"er (?), n. (Horse Racing) A horse that is not entitled to take part in a race, but is fraudulently got into it.

Ringhead

Ring"head` (?), n. (Cloth Manuf.) An instrument used for stretching woolen cloth.

Ringing

Ring"ing, a & n. from Ring, v. Ringing engine, a simple form of pile driver in which the monkey is lifted by men pulling on ropes.

Ringingly

Ring"ing*ly, adv. In a ringing manner.

Ringleader

Ring"lead`er (?), n.

1. The leader of a circle of dancers; hence, the leader of a number of persons acting together; the leader of a herd of animals.

A primacy of order, such an one as the ringleader hath in a dance. Barrow.

2. Opprobriously, a leader of a body of men engaged in the violation of law or in an illegal enterprise, as rioters, mutineers, or the like.

The ringleaders were apprehended, tried, fined, and imprisoned. Macaulay.

Ringglestone

Ring"gle*stone` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The ringed dotterel, or ring plover. [Prov.Eng.]

Ringlet

Ring"let (?), n. [Ring + -let.]

1. A small ring; a small circle; specifically, a fairy ring.

You demi-puppets, that By moonshine do the green sour ringlets make, Whereof the ewe not bites. Shak.

2. A curl; especially, a curl of hair.

[Her golden tresses] in wanton ringlets waved. Milton.

Ringman

Ring"man (?), n.; pl. Ringmen (. The ring finger. [Obs.] Ascham

Ringmaster

Ring"mas`ter (?), n. One in charge of the performances (as of horses) within the ring in a circus.

Ringneck

Ring"neck` (?), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small plovers of the genus \'92gialitis, having a ring around the neck. The ring is black in summer, but becomes brown or gray in winter. The semipalmated plover (\'92. semipalmata) and the piping plover (\'92. meloda) are common North American species. Called also ring plover, and ring-necked plover.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The ring-necked duck.

Ring-necked

Ring"-necked` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a well defined ring of color around the neck. Ring-necked duck (Zool.), an American scaup duck (Aythya collaris). The head, neck, and breast of the adult male are black, and a narrow, but conspicuous, red ring encircles the neck. This ring is absent in the female. Called also ring-neck, ring-necked blackhead, ringbill, tufted duck, and black jack.

Ringsail

Ring"sail` (?), n. (Naut.) See Ringtail,2.

Ringstraked

Ring"straked` (?), a. Ring-streaked.
Cattle ringstraked, speckled, and spotted. Gen. xxx. 39.

Ring-streaked

Ring"-streaked` (?), a. Having circular streaks or lines on the body; as, ring-streaked goats.

Ringtail

Ring"tail` (?), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) A bird having a distinct band of color across the tail, as the hen harrier.

2. (Naut.) A light sail set abaft and beyong the leech of a boom-and-gaff sail; -- called also ringsail. Ringtail boom (Naut.), a spar which is rigged on a boom for setting a ringtail.

Ring-tailed

Ring"-tailed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the tail crossed by conspicuous bands of color. Ring-tailed cat (Zo\'94l.), the cacomixle. -- Ring-tailed eagle (Zo\'94l.), a young golden eagle.

Ringtoss

Ring"toss` (?), n. A game in which the object is to toss a ring so that it will catch upon an upright stick.

Ringworm

Ring"worm" (?), n. (Med.) A contagious affection of the skin due to the presence of a vegetable parasite, and forming ring-shaped discolored patches covered with vesicles or powdery scales. It occurs either on the body, the face, or the scalp. Different varieties are distinguished as Tinea circinata, Tinea tonsurans, etc., but all are caused by the same parasite (a species of Trichophyton).<-- a fungal infection -->

Rink

Rink (?), n. [Scot. renk, rink, rynk, a course, a race; probably fr. AS. hring a ring. See Ring.]

1. The smooth and level extent of ice marked off for the game of curling.

2. An artificial sheet of ice, generally under cover, used for skating; also, a floor prepared for skating on with roller skates, or a building with such a floor.

Rinker

Rink"er, n. One who skates at a rink. [Colloq.]

Rinking

Rink"ing, n. Skating in a rink. [Colloq.]

Rinse

Rinse (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rinsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rinsing.] [OE., fr. OF. rincer, rimser, reinser, ra\'8bncier, F. rincer; of uncertain origin.]

1. To wash lightly; to cleanse with a second or repeated application of water after washing.

2. To cleancse by the introduction of water; -- applied especially to hollow vessels; as, to rinse a bottle. "Like a glass did break i' the rinsing." Shak.

Rinse

Rinse, n. The act of rinsing.

Rinser

Rins"er (?), n. One who, or that which, rinses.
Page 1244

Riot

Ri"ot (?), n. [OF. riote, of uncertain origin; cf. OD. revot, ravot.]

1. Wanton or unrestrained behavior; uproar; tumult.

His headstrong riot hath no curb. Shak.

2. Excessive and exxpensive feasting; wild and loose festivity; revelry.

Venus loveth riot and dispense. Chaucer.
The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day. Pope.

3. (Law) The tumultuous disturbance of the public peace by an unlawful assembly of three or more persons in the execution of some private object. To run riot, to act wantonly or without restraint.

Riot

Ri"ot (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rioted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rioting.] [OF. rioter; cf. OD. ravotten.]

1. To engage in riot; to act in an unrestrained or wanton manner; to indulge in excess of luxury, feasting, or the like; to revel; to run riot; to go to excess.

Now he exact of all, wastes in delight, Riots in pleasure, and neglects the law. Daniel.
No pulse that riots, and no blood that glows. Pope.

2. (Law) To disturb the peace; to raise an uproar or sedition. See Riot, n., 3. Johnson.

Riot

Ri"ot, v. t. To spend or pass in riot.
[He] had rioted his life out. Tennyson.

Rioter

Ri"ot*er (?), n.

1. One who riots; a reveler; a roisterer. Chaucer.

2. (Law) One who engages in a riot. See Riot, n., 3.

Riotise

Ri"ot*ise (?), n. Excess; tumult; revelry. [Obs.]
His life he led in lawless riotise. Spenser.

Riotour

Ri"ot*our (-&oomac;r), n. A rioter. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Riotous

Ri"ot*ous (?), a. [OF. rioteux.]

1. Involving, or engaging in, riot; wanton; unrestrained; luxurious.

The younger son . . . took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living. Luke xv. 13.

2. Partaking of the nature of an unlawful assembly or its acts; seditious. -- Ri"ot*ous*ly, adv. -- Ri"ot*ous*ness, n.

Riotry

Ri"ot*ry (?), n. The act or practice of rioting; riot. "Electioneering riotry." Walpole.

Rip

Rip (?), n. [Cf. Icel. hrip a box or basket; perhaps akin to E. corb. Cf. Ripier.] A wicker fish basket.

Rip

Rip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ripped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ripping.] [Cf. AS. r&ymac;pan, also Sw. repa to ripple flax, D. repelen, G. reffen, riffeln, and E. raff, raffle. Cf. Raff, Ripple of flax.]

1. To divide or separate the parts of, by cutting or tearing; to tear or cut open or off; to tear off or out by violence; as, to rip a garment by cutting the stitches; to rip off the skin of a beast; to rip up a floor; -- commonly used with up, open, off.

2. To get by, or as by, cutting or tearing.

He 'll rip the fatal secret from her heart. Granville.

3. To tear up for search or disclosure, or for alteration; to search to the bottom; to discover; to disclose; -- usually with up.

They ripped up all that had been done from the beginning of the rebellion. Clarendon.
For brethern to debate and rip up their falling out in the ear of a common enemy . . . is neither wise nor comely. Milton.

4. To saw (wood) lengthwise of the grain or fiber. Ripping chisel (Carp.), a crooked chisel for cleaning out mortises. Knight. -- Ripping iron. (Shipbuilding) Same as Ravehook. -- Ripping saw. (Carp.) See Ripsaw. -- To rip out, to rap out, to utter hastily and violently; as, to rip out an oath. [Colloq.] See To rap out, under Rap, v. t.

Rip

Rip, n.

1. A rent made by ripping, esp. by a seam giving way; a tear; a place torn; laceration.

2. [Perh. a corruption of the first syllable of reprobate.] A term applied to a mean, worthless thing or person, as to a scamp, a debauchee, or a prostitute, or a worn-out horse. [Slang.]

3. A body of water made rough by the meeting of opposing tides or currents.

Riparian

Ri*pa"ri*an (?), a. [L. riparius, fr. ripa a bank. See River, and cf. Arrive.] Of or pertaining to the bank of a river; as, riparian rights.

Riparious

Ri*pa"ri*ous (?), a. [L. riparius.] Growing along the banks of rivers; riparian.

Ripe

Ripe (?), n. [L. ripa.] The bank of a river. [Obs.]

Ripe

Ripe (?), a. [Compar. Riper (?); superl. Ripest.] [AS. r\'c6pe; akin to OS. r\'c6pi, D. rijp, G. rief, OHG. r\'c6ft; cf. AS. r\'c6p harvest, r\'c6pan to reap. Cf. Reap.]

1. Ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature; -- said of fruits, seeds, etc.; as, ripe grain.

So mayst thou live, till, like ripe fruit, thou drop Into thy mother's lap. Milton.

2. Advanced to the state of fitness for use; mellow; as, ripe cheese; ripe wine.

3. Having attained its full development; mature; perfected; consummate. "Ripe courage." Chaucer.

He was a scholar, and a ripe and good one. Shak.

4. Maturated or suppurated; ready to discharge; -- said of sores, tumors, etc.

5. Ready for action or effect; prepared.

While things were just ripe for a war. Addison.
I am not ripe to pass sentence on the gravest public bodies. Burke.

6. Like ripened fruit in ruddiness and plumpness.

Those happy smilets, That played on her ripe lip. Shak.

7. Intoxicated. [Obs.] "Reeling ripe." Shak. Syn. -- Mature; complete; finished. See Mature.

Ripe

Ripe, v. i. [AS. r\'c6pian.] To ripen; to grow ripe. [Obs.]

Ripe

Ripe, v. t. To mature; to ripen. [Obs.] Shak.

Ripely

Ripe"ly, adv. Maturely; at the fit time. Shak.

Ripen

Rip"en (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ripened (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Ripening.]

1. To grow ripe; to become mature, as grain, fruit, flowers, and the like; as, grapes ripen in the sun.

2. To approach or come to perfection.

Ripen

Rip"en, v. t.

1. To cause to mature; to make ripe; as, the warm days ripened the corn.

2. To mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to perfection; as, to ripen the judgment.

When faith and love, which parted from thee never, Had ripined thy iust soul to dwell with God. Milton.

Ripeness

Ripe"ness (?), n. [AS. r\'c6pness.] The state or quality of being ripe; maturity;; completeness; perfection; as, the ripeness of grain; ripeness of manhood; ripeness of judgment.
Time, which made them their fame outlive, To Cowley scarce did ripeness give. Denham.

Ripidolite

Ri*pid"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A translucent mineral of a green color and micaceous structure, belonging to the chlorite group; a hydrous silicate of alumina, magnesia, and iron; -- called also clinochlore. <-- sic. note use of "alumina", not "aluminia". Spelling must have been changing about 1890 -->

Ripienist

Ri*pi*e"nist (?), n. (Mus.) A player in the ripieno portion of an orchestra. See Ripieno.

Ripieno

Ri*pi*e"no (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Filling up; supplementary; supernumerary; -- a term applied to those instruments which only swell the mass or tutti of an orchestra, but are not obbligato.

Ripler, Ripper

Rip"ler (?), Rip"per (?), n. [Cf. Rip a basket, or Riparian.] (O.E. Law) One who brings fish from the seacoast to markets in inland towns. [Obs.]
But what's the action we are for now ? Robbing a ripper of his fish. Beau & Fl.

Ripost

Ri*post" (?), n. [F. riposte.]

1. In fencing, a return thrust after a parry.

2. A quick and sharp refort; a repartee. J. Morley.

Ripper

Rip"per (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rips; a ripping tool.

2. A tool for trimming the edges of roofing slates.

3. Anything huge, extreme, startling, etc. [Slang.]

Ripple

Rip"ple (?), n. [FRom Rip, v.] An implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc.

Ripple

Rip"ple, v. t.

1. To remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc.), by means of a ripple.

2. Hence, to scratch or tear. Holland.

Ripple

Rip"ple, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rippled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rippling (?).] [Cf. Rimple, Rumple.]

1. To become fretted or dimpled on the surface, as water when agitated or running over a rough bottom; to be covered with small waves or undulations, as a field of grain.

2. To make a sound as of water running gently over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the shore.

Ripple

Rip"ple, v. t. To fret or dimple, as the surface of running water; to cover with small waves or undulations; as, the breeze rippled the lake.

Ripple

Rip"ple, n.

1. The fretting or dimpling of the surface, as of running water; little curling waves.

2. A little wave or undulation; a sound such as is made by little waves; as, a ripple of laughter. Ripple grass. (Bot.) See Ribwort. -- Ripple marks, a system of parallel ridges on sand, produced by wind, by the current of a steam, or by the agitation of wind waves; also (Geol.), a system of parallel ridges on the surface of a sandstone stratum.

Riple-marked

Rip"le-marked` (?), a.HAving ripple marks.

Ripplet

Rip"plet (?), n. A small ripple.

Ripplingly

Rip"pling*ly (?), adv. In a rippling manner.

Ripply

Rip"ply (?), a. Having ripples; as, ripply water; hence, resembling the sound of rippling water; as, ripply laughter; a ripply cove. Keats.

Riprap

Rip"rap` (?), n. [Cf. Rap.] (Masonry) A foundation or sustaining wall of stones thrown together without order, as in deep water or on a soft bottom.

Riprap

Rip"rap`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riprapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Riprapping.] To form a riprap in or upon.

Ripsaw

Rip"saw` (?), [See Rip, v. t., 4.] (Carp.) A handsaw with coarse teeth which have but a slight set, used for cutting wood in the direction of the fiber; -- called also ripping saw.

Riptowel

Rip"tow*el (?), n. [AS. r\'c6p. harvest + a word of uncertain etymology.] (Feud. Law) A gratuity given to tenants after they had reaped their lord's corn. [Obs.]

Ris

Ris (?), n. [AS. hr\'c6s; akin to D. rils, G. reis, OHG. hr\'c6s.] A bough or branch; a twig. [Obs.]
As white as is the blossom upon the ris. Chaucer.

Rise

Rise (?), v. i. [imp. Rose (?); p. p. Risen (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rising.] [AS. r\'c6san; akin to OS. r\'c6san, D. rijzen, OHG. r\'c6san to rise, fall, Icel. r\'c6sa, Goth. urreisan, G. reise journey. CF. Arise, Raise, Rear, v.]

1. To move from a lower position to a higher; to ascend; to mount up. Specifically: -- (a) To go upward by walking, climbing, flying, or any other voluntary motion; as, a bird rises in the air; a fish rises to the bait. (b) To ascend or float in a fluid, as gases or vapors in air, cork in water, and the like. (c) To move upward under the influence of a projecting force; as, a bullet rises in the air. (d) To grow upward; to attain a certain heght; as, this elm rises to the height of seventy feet. (e) To reach a higher level by increase of quantity or bulk; to swell; as, a river rises in its bed; the mercury rises in the thermometer. (f) To become erect; to assume an upright position; as, to rise from a chair or from a fall. (g) To leave one's bed; to arise; as, to rise early.

He that would thrive, must rise by five. Old Proverb.
(h) To tower up; to be heaved up; as, the Alps rise far above the sea. (i) To slope upward; as, a path, a line, or surface rises in this direction. "A rising ground." Dryden. (j) To retire; to give up a siege.
He, rising with small honor from Gunza, . . . was gone. Knolles.
(k) To swell or puff up in the process of fermentation; to become light, as dough, and the like.

2. To have the aspect or the effect of rising. Specifically: -- (a) To appear above the horizont, as the sun, moon, stars, and the like. "He maketh his sun to rise on the evil and the good." Matt. v. 45. (b) To become apparent; to emerge into sight; to come forth; to appear; as, an eruption rises on the skin; the land rises to view to one sailing toward the shore. (c) To become perceptible to other senses than sight; as, a noise rose on the air; odor rises from the flower. (d) To have a beginning; to proceed; to originate; as, rivers rise in lakes or springs.

A scepter shall rise out of Israel. Num. xxiv. 17.
Honor and shame from no condition rise. Pope.

3. To increase in size, force, or value; to proceed toward a climax. Specifically: -- (a) To increase in power or fury; -- said of wind or a storm, and hence, of passion. "High winde . . . began to rise, high passions -- anger, hate." Milton. (b) To become of higher value; to increase in price.

Bullion is risen to six shillings . . . the ounce. Locke.
(c) To become larger; to swell; -- said of a boil, tumor, and the like. (d) To increase in intensity; -- said of heat. (e) To become louder, or higher in pitch, as the voice. (f) To increase in amount; to enlarge; as, his expenses rose beyond his expectations.

4. In various figurative senses. Specifically: -- (a) To become excited, opposed, or hostile; to go to war; to take up arms; to rebel.

At our heels all hell should rise With blackest insurrection. Milton.
No more shall nation against nation rise. Pope.
(b) To attain to a better social position; to be promoted; to excel; to succeed.
Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall. Shak.
(c) To become more and more dignified or forcible; to increase in interest or power; -- said of style, thought, or discourse; as, to rise in force of expression; to rise in eloquence; a story rises in interest. (d) To come to mind; to be suggested; to occur.
A thought rose in me, which often perplexes men of contemplative natures. Spectator.
(e) To come; to offer itself.
There chanced to the prince's hand to rise An ancient book. Spenser.

5. To ascend from the grave; to come to life.

But now is Christ risen from the dead. 1. Cor. xv. 20.

6. To terminate an official sitting; to adjourn; as, the committee rose after agreeing to the report.

It was near nine . . . before the House rose. Macaulay.

7. To ascend on a musical scale; to take a higher pith; as, to rise a tone or semitone.

8. (Print.) To be lifted, or to admit of being lifted, from the imposing stone without dropping any of the type; -- said of a form. Syn. -- To arise; mount; ascend; climb; scale. -- Rise, Appreciate. Some in America use the word appreciate for "rise in value;" as, stocks appreciate, money appreciates, etc. This use is not unknown in England, but it is less common there. It is undesirable, because rise sufficiently expresses the idea, and appreciate has its own distinctive meaning, which ought not to be confused with one so entirely different.

Rise

Rise (?), n.

1. The act of rising, or the state of being risen.

2. The distance through which anything rises; as, the rise of the thermometer was ten degrees; the rise of the river was six feet; the rise of an arch or of a step.

3. Land which is somewhat higher than the rest; as, the house stood on a rise of land. [Colloq.]

4. Spring; source; origin; as, the rise of a stream.

All wickednes taketh its rise from the heart. R. Nelson.

5. Appearance above the horizon; as, the rise of the sun or of a planet. Shak.

6. Increase; advance; augmentation, as of price, value, rank, property, fame, and the like.

The rise or fall that may happen in his constant revenue by a Spanish war. Sir W. Temple.

7. Increase of sound; a swelling of the voice.

The ordinary rises and falls of the voice. Bacon.

8. Elevation or ascent of the voice; upward change of key; as, a rise of a tone or semitone.

9. The spring of a fish to seize food (as a fly) near the surface of the water.

Risen

Ris"en (?).

1. p. p. & a. from Rise. "Her risen Son and Lord." Keble.

2. Obs. imp. pl. of Rise. Chaucer.

Riser

Ris"er (?), n.

1. One who rises; as, an early riser.

2. (Arch.) (a) The upright piece of a step, from tread to tread. Hence: (b) Any small upright face, as of a seat, platform, veranda, or the like.

3. (Mining) A shaft excavated from below upward.

4. (Founding) A feed head. See under Feed, n.

Rish

Rish (?), n. A rush (the plant). [Obs.] Chaucer.

Risibility

Ris`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [CF. F. risibilit\'82.] The quality of being risible; as, risibility is peculiar to the human species.
A strong and obvious disposition to risibility. Sir W. Scott.

Risible

Ris"i*ble (?), a. [F., fr. L. risibilis, fr. ridere, risum, to laugh. Cf. Ridiculous.]

1. Having the faculty or power of laughing; disposed to laugh.

Laughing is our busines, . . . it has been made the definition of man that he is risible. Dr. H. More.

2. Exciting laughter; worthy to be laughed at; amusing. "Risible absurdities." Johnson.

I hope you find nothing risible in my complaisance. Sir W. Scott.

3. Used in, or expressing, laughter; as, risible muscles. &hand; Risible is sometimes used as a noun, in the plural, for the feeling of amusement and for the muscles and other organs used in laughing, collectively; as, unable to control one's risibles. Syn. -- Ludicrous; laughable; amusing; ridiculous -- Risible, Ludicrous, Ridiculous. Risible differs from ludicrous as species from genus; ludicrous expressing that which is playful and sportive; risible, that which may excite laughter. Risible differs from ridiculous, as the latter implies something contemptuous, and risible does not.


Page 1245

--Ris"i*ble*ness(#), n. -- Ris"i*bly, adv.

Rising

Ris"ing (?), a.

1. Attaining a higher place; taking, or moving in, an upward direction; appearing above the horizon; ascending; as, the rising moon.

2. Increasing in wealth, power, or distinction; as, a rising state; a rising character.

Among the rising theologians of Germany. Hare.

3. Growing; advancing to adult years and to the state of active life; as, the rising generation.

Rising

Ris"ing, prep. More than; exceeding; upwards of; as, a horse rising six years of age. [Colloq. & Low, U.S.]

Rising

Ris"ing, n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, rises (in any sense).

2. That which rises; a tumor; a boil. Lev. xiii. 10. Rising main (Waterworks), the pipe through which water from an engine is delivered to an elevated reservoir.

Risk

Risk (?), n. [F. risque; cf. It. risco, risico, rischio, Pg. risco, Sp. riesgo, and also Sp. risco a steep rock; all probably fr. L. resceare to cut off; pref. re- re- + secare to cut; -- the word having been probably first used among sailors. See Section.]

1. Hazard; danger; peril; exposure to loss, injury, or destruction.

The imminent and constant risk of assassination, a risk which has shaken very strong nerves. Macaulay.

2. (Com.) Hazard of loss; liabillity to loss in property. To run a risk, to incur hazard; to encounter danger. Syn. -- Danger; hazard; peril; jeopardy; exposure. See Danger.

Risk

Risk, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Risked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Risking.] [CF. F. risquer. See Risk, n.]

1. To expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication.

2. To incur the risk or danger of; as, to risk a battle. Syn. -- To hazard; peril; endanger; jeopard.

Risker

Risk"er (?), n. One who risks or hazards. Hudibras.

Riskful

Risk"ful (?), a. Risky. [R.] Geddes.

Risky

Risk"y (?), a. Attended with risk or danger; hazardous. "A risky matter." W. Collins.
Generalization are always risky. Lowell.

Risorial

Ri*so"ri*al (?), a.[L. ridere, risum, to laugh.] Pertaining to, or producing, laughter; as, the risorial muscles.

Risotto

Ri*sot"to (?), n. [It.] A kind of pottage.

Risse

Risse (?), obs. imp. of Rise. B. Jonson.

Rissoid

Ris"soid (?), n. [NL. Rissoa, the typical genus ( fr. A.Risso, an Italian naturalist) + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of very numerous species of small spiral gastropods of the genus Rissoa, or family Rissoid\'91, found both in fresh and salt water.

Rissole

Ris`sole" (?), n. [F., fr. rissoler to fry meat till it is brown.] (Cookery) A small ball of rich minced meat or fish, covered with pastry and fried.

Rist

Rist (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Rise, contracted from riseth. Chaucer.

Rit

Rit (?), obs. 3d pers. ssing. pres. of Ride, contracted from rideth. Chaucer.

Ritardando

Ri`tar*dan"do (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Retarding; -- a direction for slower time; rallentado.

Rite

Rite (?), n. [L. ritus; cf. Skr. r\'c6ti a stream, a running, way, manner, ri to flow: cf. F. rit, rite. CF. Rivulet.] The act of performing divine or solemn service, as established by law, precept, or custom; a formal act of religion or other solemn duty; a solemn observance; a ceremony; as, the rites of freemasonry.
He looked with indifference on rites, names, and forms of ecclesiastical polity. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Form; ceremony; observance; ordinance.

Ritenuto

Ri`te*nu"to (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Held back; holding back; ritardando.

Ritornelle, Ritornello

Rit`or*nelle" (?), Ri`tor*nel"lo (?), n. [It. ritornello, dim. of ritorno return, fr. ritornare to return: cf. F. ritournelle.] (Mus.) (a) A short return or repetition; a concluding symphony to an air, often consisting of the burden of the song. (a) A short intermediate symphony, or instrumental passage, in the course of a vocal piece; an interlude.

Ritratto

Ri*trat"to (?), n.[It.] A picture. Sterne.

Ritual

Rit"u*al (?), a.[L. ritualis, fr. ritus a rite: cf. F. rituel.] Of or pertaining to rites or ritual; as, ritual service or sacrifices; the ritual law.

Ritual

Rit"u*al, n. [Cf. F. rituel.]

1. A prescribed form of performing divine service in a particular church or communion; as, the Jewish ritual.

2. Hence, the code of ceremonies observed by an organization; as, the ritual of the freemasons.

3. A book containing the rites to be observed.

Ritualism

Rit"u*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. ritualisme.]

1. A system founded upon a ritual or prescribed form of religious worship; adherence to, or observance of, a ritual.

2. Specifically :(a) The principles and practices of those in the Church of England, who in the development of the Oxford movement, so-called, have insisted upon a return to the use in church services of the symbolic ornaments (altar cloths, encharistic vestments, candles, etc.) that were sanctioned in the second year of Edward VI., and never, as they maintain, forbidden by competennt authority, although generally disused. Schaff-Herzog Encyc. (b) Also, the principles and practices of those in the Protestant Episcopal Church who sympathize with this party in the Church of England.

Ritualist

Rit"u*al*ist (?), n. [CF. F. ritualiste.] One skilled un, or attached to, a ritual; one who advocates or practices ritualism.

Ritualistic

Rit`u*al*is"tic (?), a. Pertaining to, or in accordance with, a ritual; adhering to ritualism.

Ritually

Rit"u*al*ly, adv. By rites, or by a particular rite.

Rivage

Riv"age (?), n. [F., fr. L. ripa bank, shore.]

1. A bank, shore, or coast. [Archaic] Spenser.

From the green rivage many a fall Of diamond rillets musical. Tennyson.

2. (O.Eng.Law) A duty paid to the crown for the passage of vessels on certain rivers.

Rival

Ri"val (?), n. [F. rival (cf. It. rivale), L. rivales two neigbors having the same brook in common, rivals, fr. rivalis belonging to a brook, fr. rivus a brook. Cf. Rivulet, Rete.]

1. A person having a common right or privilege with another; a partner. [Obs.]

If you do meet Horatio and Marcellus, The rivals of my watch, bid them make haste. Shak.

2. One who is in pursuit of the same object as another; one striving to reach or obtain something which another is attempting to obtain, and which one only can posses; a competitor; as, rivals in love; rivals for a crown. &hand; "Rivals, in the primary sense of the word, are those who dwell on the banks of the same stream. But since, as all experience shows, there is no such fruitful source of coutention as a water right, it would continually happen that these occupants of the opposite banks would be at strife with one another in regard of the periods during which they severally had a right to the use of the stream . . . And thus 'rivals' . . . came to be used of any who were on any grounds in more or less unfriendly competition with one another." Trench. Syn. -- Competitor; emulator; antagonist.

Rival

Ri"val, a. Having the same pretensions or claims; standing in competition for superiority; as, rival lovers; rival claims or pretensions.
The strenuous conflicts and alternate victories of two rival confederacies of statesmen. Macaulay.

Rival

Ri"val, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rivaled (?) or Rivalled; p. pr. & vb. n. Rivaling or Rivalling.]

1. To stand in competition with; to strive to gain some object in opposition to; as, to rival one in love.

2. To strive to equal or exel; to emulate.

To rival thunder in its rapid course. Dryden.

Rival

Ri"val, v. i. To be in rivalry. [Obs.] Shak.

Rivaless

Ri"val*ess, n. A female rival. [Obs.] Richardson.

Rivality

Ri*val"i*ty (?), n. [L. rivalitas: cf. F. rivalit\'82.]

1. Rivalry; competition. [Obs.]

2. Equality, as of right or rank. [Obs.] hak.

Rivalry

Ri"val*ry (?), n.; pl. Rivalries (. The act of rivaling, or the state of being a rival; a competition. "Keen contention and eager rivalries." Jeffrey. Syn. -- Emulation; competition. See Emulation.

Rivalship

Ri"val*ship, n. Rivalry. [R.] B. Jonson.

Rive

Rive (?), v. t. [imp. Rived (?); p. p. Rived or Riven (; p. pr. & vb. n. Riving.] [Icel. r\'c6fa, akin to Sw. rifva to pull asunder, burst, tear, Dan. rive to rake, pluck, tear. Cf. Reef of land, Rifle a gun, Rift, Rivel.] To rend asunder by force; to split; to cleave; as, to rive timber for rails or shingles.
I shall ryve him through the sides twain. Chaucer.
The scolding winds have rived the knotty oaks. Shak.
Brutus hath rived my heart. Shak.

Rive

Rive, v. i. To be split or rent asunder.
Freestone rives, splits, and breaks in any direction. Woodward.

Rive

Rive, n. A place torn; a rent; a rift. [Prov. Eng.]

Rivel

Riv"el (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riveled (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Riveling.] [AS. gerifled, geriflod, gerifod, wrinkled, geriflian, gerifian, to wrinkle. See Rifle a gun, Rive.] To contract into wrinkles; to shrivel; to shrink; as, riveled fruit; riveled flowers. [Obs.] Pope. "Riveled parchments." Walpole.

Rivel

Riv"el, n. A wrinkle; a rimple. [Obs.] Holland.

Riven

Riv"en (?), p. p. & a. from Rive.

River

Riv"er (?), n. One who rives or splits.

River

Riv"er (?), n. [F. riv\'8are a river, LL. riparia river, bank of a river, fr. L. riparius belonging to a bank or shore, fr. ripa a bank or shore; of uncertain origin. Cf. Arrive, Riparian.]

1. A large stream of water flowing in a bed or channel and emptying into the ocean, a sea, a lake, or another stream; a stream larger than a rivulet or brook.

Transparent and sparkling rivers, from which it is delightful to drink as they flow. Macaulay.

2. Fig.: A large stream; copious flow; abundance; as, rivers of blood; rivers of oil. River chub (Zo\'94l.), the hornyhead and allied species of fresh-water fishes. -- River crab (Zo\'94l.), any species of fresh-water crabs of the genus Thelphusa, as T. depressa of Southern Europe. -- River dragon, a crocodile; -- applied by Milton to the king of Egypt. -- River driver, a lumberman who drives or conducts logs down rivers. Bartlett. -- River duck (Zo\'94l.), any species of duck belonging to Anas, Spatula, and allied genera, in which the hind toe is destitute of a membranous lobe, as in the mallard and pintail; -- opposed to sea duck. -- River god, a deity supposed to preside over a river as its tutelary divinity. -- River herring (Zo\'94l.), an alewife. -- River hog. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of African wild hogs of the genus Potamoch&oe;rus. They frequent wet places along the rivers. (b) The capybara. -- River horse (Zo\'94l.), the hippopotamus. -- River jack (Zo\'94l.), an African puff adder (Clotho nasicornis) having a spine on the nose. -- River limpet (Zo\'94l.), a fresh-water, air-breathing mollusk of the genus Ancylus, having a limpet-shaped shell. -- River pirate (Zo\'94l.), the pike. -- River snail (Zo\'94l.), any species of fresh-water gastropods of Paludina, Melontho, and allied genera. See Pond snail, under Pond. -- River tortoise (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous fresh-water tortoises inhabiting rivers, especially those of the genus Trionyx and allied genera. See Trionyx.

River

Riv"er (?), v. i. To hawk by the side of a river; to fly hawks at river fowl. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Rivered

Riv"ered (?), a. Supplied with rivers; as, a well rivered country.

Riveret

Riv"er*et (?), n. A rivulet. [Obs.] Drayton.

Riverhood

Riv"er*hood (?), n. The quality or state of being a river. "Useful riverhood." H. Miller.

Riverling

Riv"er*ling (?), n. A rivulet. [R.] Sylvester.

Riverside

Riv"er*side` (?), n. The side or bank of a river.

Rivery

Riv"er*y (?), a. Having rivers; as, a rivery country. Drayton.

Rivet

Riv"et (?), n. [F., fr. river to rivet; perh. fr. Icel. rifa to fasten together. Cf. Reef part of a sail.] A metallic pin with a head, used for uniting two plates or pieces of material together, by passing it through them and then beating or pressing down the point so that it shall spread out and form a second head; a pin or bolt headed or clinched at both ends.
With busy hammers closing rivets up. Shak. Rivet joint, ∨ Riveted joint, a joint between two or more pieces secured by rivets.

Rivet

Riv"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riveted; p. pr. & vb. n. Riveting.]

1. To fasten with a rivet, or with rivets; as, to rivet two pieces of iron.

2. To spread out the end or point of, as of a metallic pin, rod, or bolt, by beating or pressing, so as to form a sort of head.

3. Hence, to fasten firmly; to make firm, strong, or immovable; as, to rivet friendship or affection.

Rivet and nail me where I stand, ye powers! Congreve.
Thus his confidence was riveted and confirmed. Sir W. Scott.

Riveter

Riv"et*er (?), n. One who rivets.

Riveting

Riv"et*ing, n.

1. The act of joining with rivets; the act of spreading out and clinching the end, as of a rivet, by beating or pressing.

2. The whole set of rivets, collectively. Tomlinsin. Butt riveting, riveting in which the ends or edges of plates form a butt joint, and are fastened together by being riveted to a narrow strip which covers the joint. -- Chain riveting, riveting in which the rivets, in two or more rows along the seam, are set one behind the other. -- Crossed riveting, riveting in which the rivets in one row are set opposite the spaces between the rivets in the next row. -- Double riveting, in lap riveting, two rows of rivets along the seam; in butt riveting, four rows, two on each side of the joint. -- Lap riveting, riveting in which the ends or edges of plates overlap and are riveted together. <-- riveting, adj. causing to be fixed or immobilized, usu. figurative; as, riveting debate. -->

Rivose

Ri*vose" (?), a. [From L. rivus a brook, channel.] Marked with sinuate and irregular furrows.

Rivulet

Riv"u*let (?), n. [Earlier rivolet, It. rivoletto, a dim. fr. rivolo, L. rivulus, dim. of rivus a brook. CF. Rival, Rite.] A small stream or brook; a streamlet.
By fountain or by shady rivulet He sought them. Milton.

Rixation

Rix*a"tion (?), n. [L. rixari, p. p. rixatus, to brawl, fr. rixa a quarrel.] A brawl or quarrel. [Obs.]

Rixatrix

Rix*a"trix (?), n. [L.] (Old Eng. Law) A scolding or quarrelsome woman; a scold. Burrill.

Rixdaler

Rix"da`ler (?), n. A Dutch silver coin, worth about $1.00.

Rix-dollar

Rix"-dol`lar (?), n. [Sw. riksdaler, or Dan. rigsdaler, or D. rijksdaalder, or G. reichsthaler, literally, dollar of the empire or realm, fr. words akin to E. rich, and dollar. See Rich, Dollar.] A name given to several different silver coins of Denmark, Holland, Sweden,, NOrway, etc., varying in value from about 30 cents to $1.10; also, a British coin worth about 36 cents, used in Ceylon and at the Cape of Good Hope. See Rigsdaler, Riksdaler, and Rixdaler. &hand; Most of these pieces are now no longer coined, but some remain in circulation.

Rizzar

Riz"zar (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain.] To dry in the sun; as, rizzared haddock. [Scot.]

Roach

Roach (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A cockroach.

Roach

Roach, n. [OE. rroche; cf. AS. reohha, D. rog, roch, G. roche, LG. ruche, Dan. rokke ray, Sw. rocka, and E. ray a fish.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European fresh-water fish of the Carp family (Leuciscus rutilus). It is silver-white, with a greenish back. (b) An American chub (Semotilus bullaris); the fallfish. (c) The redfin, or shiner.

2. (Naut.) A convex curve or arch cut in the edge of a sail to prevent chafing, or to secure a better fit. As sound as a roach [roach perhaps being a corruption of a F. roche a rock], perfectly sound.

Roach

Roach, v. t.

1. To cause to arch.

2. To cut off, as a horse's mane, so that the part left shall stand upright.

Roach-backed

Roach"-backed` (?), a. Having a back like that of roach; -- said of a horse whose back a convex instead of a concave curve.

Road

Road (?), n. [AS. r\'bed a riding, that on which one rides or travels, a road, fr. r\'c6dan to ride. See Ride, and cf. Raid.]

1. A journey, or stage of a journey. [Obs.]

With easy roads he came to Leicester. Shak.

2. An inroad; an invasion; a raid. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. A place where one may ride; an open way or public passage for vehicles, persons, and animals; a track for travel, forming a means of communication between one city, town, or place, and another.

The most villainous house in all the London road. Shak.
&hand; The word is generally applied to highways, and as a generic term it includes highway, street, and lane.

4. [Possibly akin to Icel. rei\'ebi the rigging of a ship, E. ready.] A place where ships may ride at anchor at some distance from the shore; a roadstead; -- often in the plural; as, Hampton Roads. Shak.


Page 1246

Now strike your saile, ye jolly mariners, For we be come unto a quiet rode [road]. Spenser.
On, ∨ Upon, the road, traveling or passing over a road; coming or going; on the way.
My hat and wig will soon be here, They are upon the road. Cowper.
-- Road agent, a highwayman, especially on the stage routes of the unsettled western parts of the United States; -- a humorous euphemism. [Western U.S.]
The highway robber -- road agent he is quaintly called. The century.
-- Road book, a quidebook in respect to roads and distances. -- Road metal, the broken, stone used in macadamizing roads. -- Road roller, a heavy roller, or combinations of rollers, for making earth, macadam, or concrete roads smooth and compact. -- often driven by steam. -- Road runner (Zo\'94l.), the chaparral cock. -- Road steamer, a locomotive engine adapted to running on common roads. -- To go on the road, to engage in the business of a commercial traveler. [Colloq.] -- To take the road, to begin or engage in traveling. -- To take to the road, to engage in robbery upon the highways.
Syn. -- Way; highway; street; lane; pathway; route; passage; course. See Way.

Roadbed

Road"bed` (?), n. In railroads, the bed or foundation on which the superstructure (ties, rails, etc.) rests; in common roads, the whole material laid in place and ready for travel.

Roadless

Road"less, a. Destitute of roads.

Roadmaker

Road"mak`er (?), n. One who makes roads.

Roadside

Road"side`, n. Land adjoining a road or highway; the part of a road or highway that borders the traveled part. Also used ajectively.

Roadstead

Road"stead (?), n. [Road,4 + stead a place.] An anchorage off shore. Same as Road, 4.
Moored in the neighboring roadstead. Longfellow.

Roadster

Road"ster (?), n.

1. (Naut.) A clumsy vessel that works its way from one anchorage to another by means of the tides. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

2. A horse that is accustomed to traveling on the high road, or is suitable for use on ordinary roads.

A sound, swift, well-fed hunter and roadster. Thackeray.

3. A bicycle or tricycle adapted for common roads rather than for the racing track.

4. One who drives much; a coach driver. [Eng.]

5. A hunter who keeps to the roads instead of following the hounds across country. [Eng. Slang.]

Roadway

Road"way` (?), n. A road; especially, the part traveled by carriages. Shak.

Roam

Roam (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Roaming.] [OE. romen, ramen; cf. AS. \'ber to raise, rise, D. ramen to hit, plan, aim, OS. r to strive after, OHG. r\'bemen. But the word was probably influenced by Rome; cf. OF. romier a pilgrim, originally, a pilgrim going to Rome, It. romeo, Sp. romero. Cf. Ramble.] To go from place to place without any certain purpose or direction; to rove; to wander.
He roameth to the carpenter's house. Chaucer.
Daphne roaming through a thorny wood. Shak.
Syn. -- To wander; rove; range; stroll; ramble.

Roam

Roam, v. t. To range or wander over.
And now wild beasts came forth the woods to roam. Milton.

Roam

Roam, n. The act of roaming; a wandering; a ramble; as, he began his roam o'er hill amd dale. Milton.

Roamer

Roam"er (?), n. One who roams; a wanderer.

Roan

Roan (?), a. [F. rouan; cf. Sp. roano, ruano, It. rovano, roano.]

1. Having a bay, chestnut, brown, or black color, with gray or white thickly interspersed; -- said of a horse.

Give my roan a drench. Shak.

2. Made of the leather called roan; as, roan binding. Roan antelope (Zo\'94l.), a very large South African antelope (Hippotragus equinus). It has long sharp horns and a stiff bright brown mane. Called also mahnya, equine antelope, and bastard gemsbok.

Roan

Roan, n.

1. The color of a roan horse; a roan color.

2. A roan horse.

3. A kind of leather used for slippers, bookbinding, etc., made from sheepskin, tanned with sumac and colored to imitate ungrained morocco. DeColange. Roan tree. (Bot.) See Rowan tree.

Roar

Roar (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roared (?); p. pr. & vvb. n. Roaring.] [OE. roren, raren, AS. r\'berian; akin to G. r\'94hten, OHG. r. &root;112.]

1. To cry with a full, loud, continued sound. Specifically: (a) To bellow, or utter a deep, loud cry, as a lion or other beast.

Roaring bulls he would him make to tame. Spenser.
(b) To cry loudly, as in pain, distress, or anger.
Sole on the barren sands, the suffering chief Roared out for anguish, and indulged his grief. Dryden.
He scorned to roar under the impressions of a finite anger. South.

2. To make a loud, confused sound, as winds, waves, passing vehicles, a crowd of persons when shouting together, or the like.

The brazen throat of war had ceased to roar. Milton.
How oft I crossed where carts and coaches roar. Gay.

3. To be boisterous; to be disorderly.

It was a mad, roaring time, full of extravagance. Bp. Burnet.

4. To laugh out loudly and continuously; as, the hearers roared at his jokes.

5. To make a loud noise in breathing, as horses having a certain disease. See Roaring, 2. Roaring boy, a roaring, noisy fellow; -- name given, at the latter end Queen Elizabeth's reign, to the riotous fellows who raised disturbances in the street. "Two roaring boys of Rome, that made all split." Beau & Fl. -- Roaring forties (Naut.), a sailor's name for the stormy tract of ocean between 40° and 50° north latitude.

Roar

Roar, v. t. To cry aloud; to proclaim loudly.
This last action will roar thy infamy. Ford.

Roar

Roar (?), n. The sound of roaring. Specifically: (a) The deep, loud cry of a wild beast; as, the roar of a lion. (b) The cry of one in pain, distress, anger, or the like. (c) A loud, continuous, and confused sound; as, the roar of a cannon, of the wind, or the waves; the roar of ocean.
Arm! arm! it is, it is the cannon's opening roar! Byron.
(d) A boisterous outcry or shouting, as in mirth.
Pit, boxes, and galleries were in a constant roar of laughter. Macaulay.

Roarer

Roar"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, roars. Specifically: (a) A riotous fellow; a roaring boy.

A lady to turn roarer, and break glasses. Massinger.
(b) (Far.) A horse subject to roaring. See Roaring, 2.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The barn owl. [Prov.Eng.]

Roaring

Roar"ing, n.

1. A loud, deep, prolonged sound, as of a large beast, or of a person in distress, anger, mirth, etc., or of a noisy congregation.

2. (Far.) An affection of the windpipe of a horse, causing a loud, peculiar noise in breathing under exertion; the making of the noise so caused. See Roar, v. i., 5.

Roaringly

Roar"ing*ly, adv. In a roaring manner.

Roast

Roast (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Roasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Roasting.] [OE. rosten, OF. rostir, F. r\'93tir; of German origin; cf. OHG. r&omac;sten, G. r\'94sten, fr. OHG. r&omac;st, r&omac;sta, gridiron, G. rost; cf. AS. hyrstan to roast.]

1. To cook by exposure to radiant heat before a fire; as, to roast meat on a spit, or in an oven open toward the fire and having reflecting surfaces within; also, to cook in a close oven.

2. To cook by surrounding with hot embers, ashes, sand, etc.; as, to roast a potato in ashes.

In eggs boiled and roasted there is scarce difference to be discerned. BAcon.

3. To dry and parch by exposure to heat; as, to roast coffee; to roast chestnuts, or peanuts.

4. Hence, to heat to excess; to heat violently; to burn. "Roasted in wrath and fire." Shak.

5. (Metal.) To dissipate by heat the volatile parts of, as ores.

6. To banter severely. [Colloq.] Atterbury.

Roast

Roast, v. i.

1. To cook meat, fish, etc., by heat, as before the fire or in an oven.

He could roast, and seethe, and broil, and fry. Chaucer.

2. To undergo the process of being roasted.

Roast

Roast, n. That which is roasted; a piece of meat which has been roasted, or is suitable for being roasted.
A fat swan loved he best of any roost [roast]. Chaucer.
To rule the roast, to be at the head of affairs. "The new-made duke that rules the roast."<-- = to rule the roost! --> Shak.

Roast

Roast, a. [For roasted.] Roasted; as, roast beef.

Roaster

Roast"er (?), n.

1. One who roasts meat.

2. A contrivance for roasting.

3. A pig, or other article of food fit for roasting.

Roasting

Roast"ing, a. & n., from Roast, v. Roasting ear, an ear of Indian corn at that stage of development when it is fit to be eaten roasted. -- Roasting jack, a machine for turning a spit on which meat is roasted.

Rob

Rob (?), n. [F.; cf. Sp. rob, It. rob, robbo, Pg. robe, arrobe, Ar. rubb, robb, Per. rub.] The inspissated juice of ripe fruit, obtained by evaporation of the juice over a fire till it acquires the consistence of a sirup. It is sometimes mixed with honey or sugar. [Written also rhob, and rohob.]

Rob

Rob, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Robbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Robbing.] [OF. rober, of German origin; cf. OHG. roub, G. rauben, and OHG. roub robbing, booty, G. raub. &root;114. See Reave,and cf. Robe.]

1. To take (something) away from by force; to strip by stealing; to plunder; to pillage; to steal from.

Who would rob a hermit of his weeds, His few books, or his beads, or maple dish? Milton.
He that is robbed, not wanting what is stolen, Let him not know it, and he's not robbed at all. Shak.
To be executed for robbing a church. Shak.

2. (Law) To take the property of (any one) from his person, or in his presence, feloniously, and against his will, by violence or by putting him in fear.

3. To deprive of, or withhold from, unjustly or injuriously; to defraud; as, to rob one of his rest, or of his good name; a tree robs the plants near it of sunlight.

I never robbed the soldiers of their pay. Shak.

Rob

Rob, v. i. To take that which belongs to another, without right or permission, esp. by violence.
I am accursed to rob in that thief's company. Shak.

Roband

Rob"and (?), n. (Naut.) See Roperand.

Robber

Rob"ber (?), n. One who robs; in law, one who feloniously takes goods or money from the person of another by violence or by putting him in fear.
Some roving robber calling to his fellows. Milton.
Syn. -- Thief; depredator; despoiler; plunderer; pillager; rifler; brigang; freebooter; pirate. See Thief. Robber crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A purse crab. (b) Any hermit crab. -- Robber fly. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Hornet fly, under Hornet. -- Robber gull (Zo\'94l.), a jager gull.

Robbery

Rob"ber*y (?), n.; pl. Robberies (#). [OF. roberie.]

1. The act or practice of robbing; theft.

Thieves for their robbery have authority When judges steal themselves. Shak.

2. (Law) The crime of robbing. See Rob, v. t., 2. &hand; Robbery, in a strict sense, differs from theft, as it is effected by force or intimidation, whereas theft is committed by stealth, or privately. Syn. -- Theft; depredation; spoliation; despoliation; despoilment; plunder; pillage; rapine; larceny; freebooting; piracy.

Robbin

Rob"bin (?), n. (Com.) A kind of package in which pepper and other dry commodities are sometimes exported from the East Indies. The robbin of rice in Malabar weighs about 84 pounds. Simmonds.

Robbin

Rob"bin, n. (Naut.) See Ropeband.

Robe

Robe (?), n. [F., fr. LL. rauba a gown, dress, garment; originally, booty, plunder. See Rob, v. t., and cf. Rubbish.]

1. An outer garment; a dress of a rich, flowing, and elegant style or make; hence, a dress of state, rank, office, or the like.

Through tattered clothes small vices do appear; Robes and furred gowns hide all. Shak.

2. A skin of an animal, especially, a skin of the bison, dressed with the fur on, and used as a wrap. [U.S.] Master of the robes, an officer of the English royal household (when the sovereign is a king) whose duty is supposed to consist in caring for the royal robes. -- Mistress of the robes, a lady who enjoys the highest rank of the ladies in the service of the English sovereign (when a queen), and is supposed to have the care her robes.

Robe

Robe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Robed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Robing.] To invest with a robe or robes; to dress; to array; as, fields robed with green.
The sage Chaldeans robed in white appeared. Pope.
Such was his power over the expression of his countenance, that he could in an instant shake off the sternness of winter, and robe it in the brightest smiles of spring. Wirt.

Robe-de-chambre

Robe`-de-cham"bre (?), n. [F., lit., a chamber gown.] A dressing gown, or morning gown.

Roberdsman, Robertsman

Rob"erds*man (?), Rob"erts*man (?), n.; pl. -men. ( (Old Statutes of Eng.) A bold, stout robber, or night thief; -- said to be so called from Robin Hood.

Robert

Rob"ert (?), n. (Bot.) See Herb Robert, under Herb.

Robin

Rob"in (?), n. [Properly a pet name for Robert, originally meaning, famebright; F., fron OHG. Roudperht; ruod (in comp.; akin to AS. hr glory, fame, Goth. hr victorius) + beraht bright. See Bright, Hob a clown.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small European singing bird (Erythacus rubecula), having a reddish breast; -- called also robin redbreast, robinet, and ruddock. (b) An American singing bird (Merula migratoria), having the breast chestnut, or dull red. The upper parts are olive-gray, the head and tail blackish. Called also robin redbreast, and migratory thrush. (c) Any one of several species of Australian warblers of the genera Petroica, Melanadrays, and allied genera; as, the scarlet-breasted robin (Petroica mullticolor) (d) Any one of several Asiatic birds; as, the Indian robins. See Indian robin, below. Beach robin (Zo\'94l.), the robin snipe, or knot. See Knot. -- Blue-throated robin. (Zo\'94l.) See Bluethroat. -- Canada robin (Zo\'94l.), the cedar bird. -- Golden robin (Zo\'94l.), the Baltimore oriole. -- Ground robin (Zo\'94l.), the chewink. -- Indian robin (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Asiatic saxoline birds of the genera Thamnobia and Pratincola. They are mostly black, usually with some white on the wings. -- Magrie robin (Zo\'94l.), an Asiatic singing bird (Corsycus saularis), having the back, head, neck, and breast black glossed with blue, the wings black, and the belly white. -- Ragged robin. (Bot.) See under Ragged. -- Robin accentor (Zo\'94l.), a small Asiatic singing bird (Accentor rubeculoides), somewhat resembling the European robin. -- Robin redbreast. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European robin. (b) The American robin. (c) The American bluebird. -- Robin snipe. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The red-breasted snipe, or dowitcher. (b) The red-breasted sandpiper, or knot. -- Robin's plantain. (Bot.) See under Plantain. -- Sea robin. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of American gurnards of the genus Prionotus. They are excellent food fishes. Called also wingfish. The name is also applied to a European gurnard. (b) The red-breasted merganser, or sheldrake. [Local, U.S.] -- Water robin (Zo\'94l.), a redstart (Ruticulla fuliginosa), native of India.

Robinet

Rob"i*net (?), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The chaffinch; -- called also roberd. (b) The European robin.

2. A military engine formerly used for throwing darts and stones.

Robing

Rob"ing (?), n. The act of putting on a robe. Robing room, a room where official robes are put on, as by judges, etc.

Robin Goodfellow

Rob"in Good"fel`low (?). A celebrated fairy; Puck. See Puck. Shak.

Robinia

Ro**bin"i*a (?), n. [NL. So called after Jean Robin, a French herbalist.] (Bot.) A genus of leguminous trees including the common locust of North America (Robinia Pseudocacia).

Roborant

Rob"o*rant (?), a. [L. roborans, p. pr. See Roborate.] Strengthening. -- n. (Med.) A strengthening medicine; a tonic.

Roborate

Rob"o*rate (?), v. t. [L. roboratus, p. pr. of roborare to strengthen, fr. robur, roboris, strength.] To give strength or support to; to confirm. [Obs.] Fuller.

Roboration

Rob`o*ra"tion (?), n. [LL. roboratio.] The act of strengthening. [Obs.] Coles.

Roborean, Roboreous

Ro*bo"re*an (?), Ro*bo"re*ous (?), a. [L. roboreus.] Made of oak. [Obs.]

Robust

Ro*bust" (?), a. [L. robustus oaken, hard, strong, fr. robur strength, a very hard kind of oak; cf. Skr. rabhas violence: cf. F. robuste.]

1. Evincing strength; indicating vigorous health; strong; sinewy; muscular; vigorous; sound; as, a robust body; robust youth; robust health.


Page 1247

2. Violent; rough; rude.

While romp-loving miss Is hauled about in gallantry robust. Thomson.

3. Requiring strength or vigor; as, robust employment. Locke. Syn. -- Strong; lusty; sinewy; sturdy; muscular; hale; hearty; vigorous; forceful; sound. -- Robust, Strong. Robust means, literally, made of oak, and hence implies great compactness and toughness of muscle, connected with a thick-set frame and great powers of endurance. Strong denotes the power of exerting great physical force. The robust man can bear heat or cold, excess or privation, and toil on through every kind of hardship; the strong man can lift a great weight, can give a heavy blow, and a hard gripe. "Robust, tough sinews bred to toil." Cowper.

Then 'gan the villain wax so fierce and strong, That nothing may sustain his furious force. Spenser.

Robustious

Ro*bus"tious (?), a. [Cf. L. robusteus of oak.] Robust. [Obs. or Humorous] W. Irving.
In Scotland they had handled the bishops in a more robustious manner. Milton.
-- Ro*bus"tious*ly, adv. -- Ro*bus"tious*ness, n.

Robustly

Ro*bust"ly, adv. In a robust manner.

Robustness

Ro*bust"ness, n. The quality or state of being robust.

Roc

Roc (?), n. [Ar. & Per. rokh or rukh. Cf. Rook a castle.] A monstrous bird of Arabian mythology. [Written also rock, and rukh.] Brande & C.

Rocambole

Roc"am*bole (?), n. [F.] [Written also rokambole.] (Bot.) A name of Allium Scorodoprasum and A. Ascalonium, two kinds of garlic, the latter of which is also called shallot.

Roccellic

Roc*cel"lic (?), a. [F. roccellique, fr. roccelle archil, It. & NL. roccella, fr. It. rocca a rock, because archil grows on rock.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid of the oxalic series found in archil (Roccella tinctoria, etc.), and other lichens, and extracted as a white crystalline substance C17H32O4.

Roccellin

Roc*cel"lin (?), n. A red dyestuff, used as a substitute for cochineal, archil, etc. It consists of the sodium salt of a complex azo derivative of naphtol.

Roche

Roche (?), n. [See Rock.] Rock. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Roche alum

Roche" al`um (?). (Chem.) A kind of alum occuring in small fragments; -- so called from Rocca, in Syria, whence alum is said to have been obtained; -- also called rock alum.

Rochelime

Roche"lime` (?), n. [F. roche rock + E. lime.] Lime in the lump after it is burned; quicklime. [Eng.]

Rochelle

Ro*chelle" (?), n. A seaport town in France. Rochelle powders. Same as Seidlitz powders. -- Rochelle salt (Chem.), the double tartrate of sodium and potassium, a white crystalline substance. It has a cooling, saline, slightly bitter taste and is employed as a mild purgative. It was discovered by Seignette, an apothecary of Rochelle, and is called also Seignete's salt.

Roche moutonn\'82e

Roche" mou`ton`n\'82e" (?). [F., sheep-shaped rock.] (Geol.) See Sheepback.

Rochet

Roch"et (?), n. [F., dim. fr. OHG. rocch coat, G. rock.]

1. (Eccl.) A linen garment resembling the surplise, but with narrower sleeves, also without sleeves, worn by bishops, and by some other ecclesiastical dignitaries, in certain religious ceremonies.

They see no difference between an idler with a hat and national cockade, and an idler in a cowl or in a rochet. Burke.

2. A frock or outer garment worn in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Rochet

Roch"et, n. [Probably corrupted fr. F. rouget the red gurnet, from rouge red. CF. Rouge.] (Zo\'94l.) The red gurnard, or gurnet. See Gurnard.

Roching cask

Roch"ing cask` (?). [Probably from F. roche a rock.] A tank in which alum is crystallized from a solution.

Rock

Rock (?), n. See Roc.

Rock

Rock, n. [OE. rocke; akin to D. rok, rokken, G. rocken, OHG. roccho, Dan. rok, Icel. rokkr. Cf. Rocket a firework.] A distaff used in spinning; the staff or frame about which flax is arranged, and from which the thread is drawn in spinning. Chapman.
Sad Clotho held the rocke, the whiles the thread By grisly Lachesis was spun with pain, That cruel Atropos eftsoon undid. Spenser.

Rock

Rock, n. [OF. roke, F. roche; cf. Armor. roc'h, and AS. rocc.]

1. A large concreted mass of stony material; a large fixed stone or crag. See Stone.

Come one, come all! this rock shall fly From its firm base as soon as I. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Geol.) Any natural deposit forming a part of the earth's crust, whether consolidated or not, including sand, earth, clay, etc., when in natural beds.

3. That which resembles a rock in firmness; a defense; a support; a refuge.

The Lord is my rock, and my fortress. 2 Sam. xxii. 2.

4. Fig.: Anything which causes a disaster or wreck resembling the wreck of a vessel upon a rock.

5. (Zo\'94l.) The striped bass. See under Bass. &hand; This word is frequently used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, rock-bound, rock-built, rock-ribbed, rock-roofed, and the like. Rock alum. [Probably so called by confusion with F. roche a rock.] Same as Roche alum. -- Rock barnacle (Zo\'94l.), a barnacle (Balanus balanoides) very abundant on rocks washed by tides. -- Rock bass. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The stripped bass. See under Bass. (b) The goggle-eye. (c) The cabrilla. Other species are also locally called rock bass. -- Rock builder (Zo\'94l.), any species of animal whose remains contribute to the formation of rocks, especially the corals and Foraminifera. -- Rock butter (Min.), native alum mixed with clay and oxide of iron, usually in soft masses of a yellowish white color, occuring in cavities and fissures in argillaceous slate. -- Rock candy, a form of candy consisting of crystals of pure sugar which are very hard, whence the name. -- Rock cavy. (Zo\'94l.) See Moco. -- Rock cod (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small, often reddish or brown, variety of the cod found about rocks andledges. (b) A California rockfish. -- Rock cook. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European wrasse (Centrolabrus exoletus). (b) A rockling. -- Rock cork (Min.), a variety of asbestus the fibers of which are loosely interlaced. It resembles cork in its texture. -- Rock crab (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large crabs of the genus Cancer, as the two species of the New England coast (C. irroratus and C. borealis). See Illust. under Cancer. -- Rock cress (Bot.), a name of several plants of the cress kind found on rocks, as Arabis petr\'91a, A. lyrata, etc. -- Rock crystal (Min.), limpid quartz. See Quartz, and under Crystal. -- Rock dove (Zo\'94l.), the rock pigeon; -- called also rock doo. -- Rock drill, an implement for drilling holes in rock; esp., a machine impelled by steam or compressed air, for drilling holes for blasting, etc. -- Rock duck (Zo\'94l.), the harlequin duck. -- Rock eel. (Zo\'94l.) See Gunnel. -- Rock goat (Zo\'94l.), a wild goat, or ibex. -- Rock hopper (Zo\'94l.), a penguin of the genus Catarractes. See under Penguin. -- Rock kangaroo. (Zo\'94l.) See Kangaroo, and Petrogale. -- Rock lobster (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large spinose lobsters of the genera Panulirus and Palinurus. They have no large claws. Called also spiny lobster, and sea crayfish. -- Rock meal (Min.), a light powdery variety of calcite occuring as an efflorescence. -- Rock milk. (Min.) See Agaric mineral, under Agaric. -- Rock moss, a kind of lichen; the cudbear. See Cudbear. -- Rock oil. See Petroleum. -- Rock parrakeet (Zo\'94l.), a small Australian parrakeet (Euphema petrophila), which nests in holes among the rocks of high cliffs. Its general color is yellowish olive green; a frontal band and the outer edge of the wing quills are deep blue, and the central tail feathers bluish green. -- Rock pigeon (Zo\'94l.), the wild pigeon (Columba livia) Of Europe and Asia, from which the domestic pigeon was derived. See Illust. under Pigeon. -- Rock pipit. (Zo\'94l.) See the Note under Pipit. -- Rock plover. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The black-bellied, or whistling, plover. (b) The rock snipe. -- Rock ptarmigan (Zo\'94l.), an arctic American ptarmigan (Lagopus rupestris), which in winter is white, with the tail and lores black. In summer the males are grayish brown, coarsely vermiculated with black, and have black patches on the back. -- Rock rabbit (Zo\'94l.), the hyrax. See Cony, and Daman. -- Rock ruby (Min.), a fine reddish variety of garnet. -- Rock salt (Min.), cloride of sodium (common salt) occuring in rocklike masses in mines; mineral salt; salt dug from the earth. In the United States this name is sometimes given to salt in large crystals, formed by evaporation from sea water in large basins or cavities. -- Rock seal (Zo\'94l.), the harbor seal. See Seal. -- Rock shell (Zo\'94l.), any species of Murex, Purpura, and allied genera. -- Rock snake (Zo\'94l.), any one of several large pythons; as, the royal rock snake (Python regia) of Africa, and the rock snake of India (P. molurus). The Australian rock snakes mostly belong to the allied genus Morelia. -- Rock snipe (Zo\'94l.), the purple sandpiper (Tringa maritima); -- called also rock bird, rock plover, winter snipe. -- Rock soap (Min.), a kind of clay having a smooth, greasy feel, and adhering to the tongue. -- Rock sparrow. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of Old World sparrows of the genus Petronia, as P. stulla, of Europe. (b) A North American sparrow (Puc\'91a ruficeps). -- Rock tar, petroleum. -- Rock thrush (Zo\'94l.), any Old World thrush of the genus Monticola, or Petrocossyphus; as, the European rock thrush (M. saxatilis), and the blue rock thrush of India (M. cyaneus), in which the male is blue throughout. -- Rock tripe (Bot.), a kind of lichen (Umbilicaria Dillenii) growing on rocks in the northen parts of America, and forming broad, flat, coriaceous, dark fuscous or blackish expansions. It has been used as food in cases of extremity. -- Rock trout (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus Hexagrammus, family Chirad\'91, native of the North Pacific coasts; -- called also sea trout, boregat, bodieron, and starling. -- Rock warbler (Zo\'94l.), a small Australian singing bird (Origma rubricata) which frequents rocky ravines and water courses; -- called also cataract bird. -- Rock wren (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of wrens of the genus Salpinctes, native of the arid plains of Lower California and Mexico.

Rock

Rock (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rocked (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Rocking.] [AS. roccian; akin to Dan. rokke to move, to snake; cf. Icel. rukkja to pull, move, G. r\'81cken to move, push, pull.]

1. To cause to sway backward and forward, as a body resting on a support beneath; as, to rock a cradle or chair; to cause to vibrate; to cause to reel or totter.

A rising earthquake rocked the ground. Dryden.

2. To move as in a cradle; hence, to put to sleep by rocking; to still; to quiet. "Sleep rock thy brain." Shak. &hand; Rock differs from shake, as denoting a slower, less violent, and more uniform motion, or larger movements. It differs from swing, which expresses a vibratory motion of something suspended.

Rock

Rock, v. i.

1. To move or be moved backward and forward; to be violently agitated; to reel; to totter.

The rocking town Supplants their footsteps. J. Philips .

2. To roll or saway backward and forward upon a support; as, to rock in a rocking-chair.

Rockaway

Rock"a*way (?), [Probably from Rockaway beach, where it was used.] Formerly, a light, low, four-wheeled carriage, with standing top, open at the sides, but having waterproof curtains which could be let down when occasion required; now, a somewhat similar, but heavier, carriage, inclosed, except in front, and having a door at each side.

Rockelay, Rocklay

Rock"e*lay (?), Rock"lay (?), n. See Rokelay. [Scot.]

Rocker

Rock"er, n.

1. One who rocks; specifically, one who rocks a cradle.

It was I, sir, said the rocker, who had the honor, some thirty years since, to attend on your highness in your infancy. Fuller.

2. One of the curving pieces of wood or metal on which a cradle, chair, etc., rocks.

3. Any implement or machine working with a rocking motion, as a trough mounted on rockers for separating gold dust from gravel, etc., by agitation in water.

4. A play horse on rockers; a rocking-horse.

5. A chair mounted on rockers; a rocking-chair.

6. A skate with a curved blade, somewhat resembling in shape the rocker of a cradle.

7. (Mach.) Same as Rock shaft. Rocker arm (Mach.), an arm borne by a rock shaft. <-- To be off one's rocker, to be insane. -->

Rockered

Rock"ered (?), a. (Naut.) Shaped like a rocker; curved; as, a rockered keel.

Rockery

Rock"er*y (?), n. (Gardening) A mound formed of fragments of rock, earth, etc., and set with plants.

Rocket

Rock"et (?), n. [F. roquette (cf. Sp. ruqueta, It ruchetta), fr. L. eruca.] (Bot.) (a) A cruciferous plant (Eruca sativa) sometimes eaten in Europe as a salad. (b) Damewort. (c) Rocket larkspur. See below. Dyer's Rocket. (Bot.) See Dyer's broom, under Broom. -- Rocket larkspur (Bot.), an annual plant with showy flowers in long racemes (Delphinium Ajacis). -- Sea rocket (Bot.), either of two fleshy cruciferous plants (Cakile maritima and C. Americana) found on the seashore of Europe and America. -- Yellow rocket (Bot.), a common cruciferous weed with yellow flowers (Barbarea vulgaris).

Rocket

Rock"et (?), n. [It. rocchetta, fr. rocca a distaff, of German origin. Named from the resemblance in shape to a distaff. See Rock a distaff.]

1. An artificial firework consisting of a cylindrical case of paper or metal filled with a composition of combustible ingredients, as niter, charcoal, and sulphur, and fastened to a guiding stick. The rocket is projected through the air by the force arising from the expansion of the gases liberated by combustion of the composition. Rockets are used as projectiles for various purposes, for signals, and also for pyrotechnic display.

2. A blunt lance head used in the joust. <-- any flying device propelled by the reactive force of hot gases expelled in the direction opposite its motion. The fuel used to generate the expelled gases in rockets may be solid or liquid; rockets propelled by liquid fuels typically have a combustible fuel (such as hydrogen or kerosene) which is combined inside the rocket engine with an oxidizer, such as liquid oxygen. Single liquid fuels (called monopropellants) are also known. Since rockets do not depend on a surrounding fluid medium to generate their thrust, as do airplanes with propellers or jet engines, they may be used for propulsion in the vacuum of space. --> Congreve rocket, a powerful form of rocket for use in war, invented by Sir William Congreve. It may be used either in the field or for bombardment; in the former case, it is armed with shells or case shot; in the latter, with a combustible material inclosed in a metallic case, which is inextinguishable when kindled, and scatters its fire on every side.

Rocket

Rock"et, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rocketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Rocketing.] (Sporting) To rise straight up; said of birds; usually in the present participle or as an adjective. [Eng.]
An old cock pheasant came rocketing over me. H. R. Haggard.

Rocketer

Rock"et*er (?), n. (Sporting) A bird, especially a pheasant, which, being flushed, rises straight in the air like a rocket. [Eng.]

Rockfish

Rock"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several California scorp\'91noid food fishes of the genus Sebastichthys, as the red rockfish (S. ruber). They are among the most important of California market fishes. Called also rock cod, and garrupa. (b) The striped bass. See Bass. (c) Any one of several species of Florida and Bermuda groupers of the genus Epinephelus. (d) An American fresh-water darter; the log perch. &hand; The term is locally applied to various other fishes.

Rockiness

Rock"i*ness (?), n. [From Rocky.] The state or quality of being rocky.

Rocking

Rock"ing, a. Having a swaying, rolling, or back-and-forth movement; used for rocking. Rocking shaft. (Mach.) See Rock shaft.

Rocking-chair

Rock"ing-chair` (?), n. A chair mounted on rockers, in which one may rock.

Rocking-horse

Rock"ing-horse` (?), n. The figure of a horse, mounted upon rockers, for children to ride.

Rocking-stone

Rock"ing-stone` (?), n. A stone, often of great size and weight, resting upon another stone, and so exactly poised that it can be rocked, or slightly moved, with but little force.

Rockless

Rock"less, a. Being without rocks. Dryden.

Rockling

Rock"ling (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of small marine fishes of the genera Onos and Rhinonemus (formerly Motella), allied to the cod. They have three or four barbels.

Rockrose

Rock"rose` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to any species of the genus Helianthemum, low shrubs or herbs with yellow flowers, especially the European H. vulgare and the American frostweed, H. Canadense. Cretan rockrose, a related shrub (Cistus Creticus), one of the plants yielding the fragrant gum called ladanum.

Rock shaft

Rock" shaft` (?). [Cf. Rock, v. i.] (Mach.) A shaft that oscillates on its journals, instead of revolving, -- usually carrying levers by means of which it receives and communicates reciprocating motion, as in the valve gear of some steam engines; -- called also rocker, rocking shaft, and way shaft.

Rock staff

Rock" staff` (?). [Cf. Rock, v. i.] An oscillating bar in a machine, as the lever of the bellows of a forge.

Rocksucker

Rock"suck`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A lamprey.

Rockweed

Rock"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Any coarse seaweed growing on sea-washed rocks, especially Fucus.
Page 1248

Rockwood

Rock"wood` (?), n. (Min.) Ligniform asbestus; also, fossil wood.

Rockwork

Rock"work` (?), n.

1. (Arch.) Stonework in which the surface is left broken and rough.

2. (Gardening) A rockery.

Rocky

Rock"y (?), a.

1. Full of, or abounding in, rocks; consisting of rocks; as, a rocky mountain; a rocky shore.

2. Like a rock; as, the rocky orb of a shield. Milton.

3. Fig.: Not easily impressed or affected; hard; unfeeling; obdurate; as, a rocky bosom. Shak. Rocky Mountain locust (Zo\'94l.), the Western locust, or grasshopper. See Grasshopper. -- Rocky Mountain sheep. (Zo\'94l.) See Bighorn.

Rocoa

Ro"coa (?), n. [Cf. F. rocou, roicou, Pg. & Braz, uruc\'a3.] The orange-colored pulp covering the seeds of the tropical plant Bixa Orellana, from which annotto is prepared. See Annoto.

Rococo

Ro*co"co (?), n. [F.; of uncertain etymology.] A florid style of ornamentation which prevailed in Europe in the latter part of the eighteenth century.

Rococo

Ro*co"co, a. Of or pertaining to the style called rococo; like rococo; florid; fantastic.

Rod

Rod (?), n. [The same word as rood. See Rood.]

1. A straight and slender stick; a wand; hence, any slender bar, as of wood or metal (applied to various purposes). Specifically: (a) An instrument of punishment or correction; figuratively, chastisement.

He that spareth his rod hateth his son. Prov. xiii. 24.
(b) A kind of sceptor, or badge of office; hence, figuratively, power; authority; tyranny; oppression. "The rod, and bird of peace." Shak. (c) A support for a fishing line; a fish pole. Gay. (d) (Mach. & Structure) A member used in tension, as for sustaining a suspended weight, or in tension and compression, as for transmitting reciprocating motion, etc.; a connecting bar. (e) An instrument for measuring.

2. A measure of length containing sixteen and a half feet; -- called also perch, and pole. Black rod. See in the Vocabulary. -- Rods and cones (Anat.), the elongated cells or elements of the sensory layer of the retina, some of which are cylindrical, others somewhat conical.

Roddy

Rod"dy (?), a. Full of rods or twigs.

Roddy

Rod"dy, a. Ruddy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rode

Rode (?), n. [See Rud.] Redness; complexion. [Obs.] "His rode was red." Chaucer.

Rode

Rode, imp. of Ride.

Rode

Rode, n. See Rood, the cross. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rodent

Ro"dent (?), a. [L. rodens, -entis, p. pr. of rodere to gnaw. See Rase, v. t., and cf. Rostrum.]

1. Gnawing; biting; corroding; (Med.) applied to a destructive variety of cancer or ulcer.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Gnawing. (b) Of or pertaining to the Rodentia.

Rodent

Ro"dent, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Rodentia.

Rodentia

Ro*den"ti*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Rodent, a.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of mammals having two (rarely four) large incisor teeth in each jaw, distant from the molar teeth. The rats, squirrels, rabbits, marmots, and beavers belong to this order. &hand; The incisor teeth are long, curved, and strongly enameled on the outside, so as to keep a cutting edge. They have a persistent pulp and grow continuously.

Rodeo

Ro*de"o (?), n. [SP., a going round.] A round-up. See Round-up. [Western U.S.]

Rodge

Rodge (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gadwall. [Prov.Eng.]

Rodomel

Rod"o*mel (?), n. [Gr. Juice of roses mixed with honey. Simmonds.

Rodomont

Rod"o*mont (?), n. [F. rodomont, It. rodomonte, fr. Rodomonte, Rodamonte, a boasting hero in the "Orlando Furioso" of Ariosto, and the "Orlando Innamorato" of Bojardo; properly, one who rolls away mountains; Prov. It. rodare to roll away (fr. L. rota a wheel) + It. monte a mountain, L. mons. See Rotary, Mount, n.] A vain or blustering boaster; a braggart; a braggadocio. Sir T. Herbert.

Rodomont

Rod"o*mont, a. Bragging; vainly boasting.

Rodomontade

Rod`o*mon*tade" (?), n. [F., fr. It. rodomontana. See Rodomont, n.] Vain boasting; empty bluster or vaunting; rant.
I could show that the rodomontades of Almanzor are neither so irrational nor impossible. Dryden.

Rodomontade

Rod`o*mon*tade", v. i. To boast; to brag; to bluster; to rant.

Rodomontadist

Rod`o*mon*tad"ist (?), n. One who boasts.

Rodomontado

Rod`o*mon*ta"do (?), n. Rodomontade.

Rodomontador

Rod`o*mon*ta"dor (?), n. A rodomontadist.

Rodsman

Rods"man (?), n.; pl. Rodsmen (. One who carries and holds a leveling staff, or rod, in a surveying party. G. W. Cable.

Rody

Ro"dy (?), a. Ruddy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Roe

Roe (?), n. [OE. ro, AS. r\'beh; akin to D. ree, G. reh, Icel. r\'be, SW. r\'86.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A roebuck. See Roebuck. (b) The female of any species of deer.

Roe

Roe, n. [For roan, OE. rowne, akin to G. rogen, OHG. rogan, Icel. hrogn, Dan. rogn, ravn, Sw. rom; of uncertain origin; cf. Gr. gravel.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The ova or spawn of fishes and amphibians, especially when still inclosed in the ovarian membranes. Sometimes applied, loosely, to the sperm and the testes of the male.

2. A mottled appearance of light and shade in wood, especially in mahogany.

Roebuck

Roe"buck` (?), n. [1st roe + buck.] (Zo\'94l.) A small European and Asiatic deer (Capreolus capr\'91a) having erect, cylindrical, branched antlers, forked at the summit. This, the smallest European deer, is very nimble and graceful. It always prefers a mountainous country, or high grounds.

Roed

Roed (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Filled with roe.

Roedeer

Roe"deer` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The roebuck.

Roestone

Roe"stone` (?), n. (Min.) Same as O\'94lite.

Rogation

Ro*ga"tion (?), n. [L. rogatio, fr. rogare, rogatum, to ask, beg, supplicate: cf. F. rogation. Cf. Abrogate, Arrogant, Probogue.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) The demand, by the consuls or tribunes, of a law to be passed by the people; a proposed law or decree.

2. (Eccl.) Litany; supplication.

He perfecteth the rogations or litanies before in use. Hooker.
Rogation days (Eccl.), the three days which immediately precede Ascension Day; -- so called as being days on which the people, walking in procession, sang litanies of special supplication. -- Rogation flower (Bot.), a European species of milkwort (Polygala vulgaris); -- so called from its former use for garlands in Rogation week. Dr. Prior. -- Rogation week, the second week before Whitsunday, in which the Rogation days occur.

Rogatory

Rog"a*to*ry (?), a. [See Rogation.] Seeking information; authorized to examine witnesses or ascertain facts; as, a rogatory commission. Woolsey.

Rogue

Rogue (?), n. [F. rogue proud, haughty, supercilious; cf. Icel. hr a rook, croaker (cf. Rook a bird), or Armor. rok, rog, proud, arogant.]

1. (Eng.Law) A vagrant; an idle, sturdy beggar; a vagabond; a tramp. &hand; The phrase rogues and vagabonds is applied to a large class of wandering, disorderly, or dissolute persons. They were formerly punished by being whipped and having the gristle of the right ear bored with a hot iron.

2. A deliberately dishonest person; a knave; a cheat.

The rogue and fool by fits is fair and wise. Pope.

3. One who is pleasantly mischievous or frolicsome; hence, often used as a term of endearment.

Ah, you sweet little rogue, you! Shak.

4. An elephant that has separated from a herd and roams about alone, in which state it is very savage.

5. (Hort.) A worthless plant occuring among seedlings of some choice variety. Rogues' gallery, a collection of portraits of rogues or criminals, for the use of the police authorities. -- Rogue's march, derisive music performed in driving away a person under popular indignation or official sentence, as when a soldier is drummed out of a regiment. -- Rogue's yarn, yarn of a different twist and color from the rest, inserted into the cordage of the British navy, to identify it if stolen, or for the purpose of tracing the maker in case of defect. Different makers are required to use yarns of different colors.

Rogue

Rogue, v. i. To wander; to play the vagabond; to play knavish tricks. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rogue

Rogue, v. t.

1. To give the name or designation of rogue to; to decry. [Obs.] Cudworth.

2. (Hort.) To destroy (plants that do not come up to a required standard).

Roguery

Rogu"er*y (?), n.

1. The life of a vargant. [Obs.]

2. The practices of a rogue; knavish tricks; cheating; fraud; dishonest practices.

'Tis no scandal grown, For debt and roguery to quit the town. Dryden.

3. Arch tricks; mischievousness.

Rogueship

Rogue"ship (?), n. The quality or state of being a rogue. [Jocose] "Your rogueship." Dryden.

Roguish

Rogu"ish, a.

1. Vagrant. [Obs.] Spenser.

His roguish madness Allows itself to anything. Shak.

2. Resembling, or characteristic of, a rogue; knavish.

3. Pleasantly mischievous; waggish; arch.

The most bewitching leer with her eyes, the most roguish cast. Dryden.
-- Rogu"ish*ly, adv. -- Rogu"ish*ness, n.

Roguy

Rogu"y (?), a. Roguish. [Obs.] L'Estrange.

Rohob

Ro"hob (?), n. An inspissated juice. See Rob.

Roial

Roi"al (?), a. Royal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Roil

Roil (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Roiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Roiling.] [Cf. OE. roilen to wander; possibly fr. OF. roeler to roll, equiv. to F. rouler. See Roll, v., and cf. Rile.]

1. To render turbid by stirring up the dregs or sediment of; as, to roil wine, cider, etc. , in casks or bottles; to roil a spring.

2. To disturb, as the temper; to ruffle the temper of; to rouse the passion of resentment in; to perplex.

That his friends should believe it, was what roiled him [Judge Jeffreys] exceedingly. R. North.
&hand; Provincial in England and colloquial in the United States. A commoner, but less approved, form is rile.

Roil

Roil, v. i.

1. To wander; to roam. [Obs.]

2. To romp. [Prov.Eng.] Halliwell.

Roily

Roil"y (?), a. Turbid; as, roily water.

Roin

Roin (?), v. t. See Royne. [Obs.]

Roin

Roin, n. [F. rogne. See Roynish.] A scab; a scurf, or scurfy spot. [Obs.]

Roinish

Roin"ish, a. See Roynish. [Obs.]

Roint

Roint (?), interj. See Aroint.

Roist

Roist (?), v. i. See Roister.

Roister

Roist"er (?), v. i. [Probably fr. F. rustre boor, a clown, clownish, fr. L. rustucus rustic. See Rustic.] To bluster; to swagger; to bully; to be bold, noisy, vaunting, or turbulent.
I have a roisting challenge sent amongst The dull and factious nobles of the Greeks. Shak.

Roister

Roist"er (?), n. See Roisterer.

Roisterer

Roist"er*er (?), n. A blustering, turbulent fellow.
If two roisterers met, they cocked their hats in each other faces. Macaulay.

Roisterly

Roist"er*ly, a. Blustering; violent. [R.]

Roisterly

Roist"er*ly, adv. In a roistering manner. [R.]

Rokambole

Rok"am*bole (?), n. See Rocambole.

Roke

Roke (?), n. [See Reek.]

1. Mist; smoke; damp [Prov.Eng.] [Written also roak, rook, and rouk.]

2. A vein of ore. [Pov.Eng.] Halliwell.

Rokeage, Rokee

Roke"age (?), Rok"ee (?), n. [Cf. Nocake.] Parched Indian corn, pounded up and mixed with sugar; -- called also yokeage. [Local, U.S.]

Rokelay

Rok"e*lay (?), n. [Cf. Roquelaure.] A short cloak. [Written also rockelay, rocklay, etc.] [Scot.]

Roky

Rok"y (?), a. [See Roke.] Misty; foggy; cloudy. [Prov. Eng.] Ray.

R\'93le

R\'93le (?), n. [F. See Roll.] A part, or character, performed by an actor in a drama; hence, a part of function taken or assumed by any one; as, he has now taken the r\'93le of philanthropist. Title r\'93le, the part, or character, which gives the title to a play, as the part of Hamlet in the play of that name.

Roll

Roll (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rolled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rolling.] [OF. roeler, roler, F. rouler, LL. rotulare, fr. L. royulus, rotula, a little wheel, dim. of rota wheel; akin to G. rad, and to Skr. ratha car, chariot. Cf. Control, Roll, n., Rotary.]

1. To cause to revolve by turning over and over; to move by turning on an axis; to impel forward by causing to turn over and over on a supporting surface; as, to roll a wheel, a ball, or a barrel.

2. To wrap round on itself; to form into a spherical or cylindrical body by causing to turn over and over; as, to roll a sheet of paper; to roll parchment; to roll clay or putty into a ball.

3. To bind or involve by winding, as in a bandage; to inwrap; -- often with up; as, to roll up a parcel.

4. To drive or impel forward with an easy motion, as of rolling; as, a river rolls its waters to the ocean.

The flood of Catholic reaction was rolled over Europe. J. A. Symonds.

5. To utter copiously, esp. with sounding words; to utter with a deep sound; -- often with forth, or out; as, to roll forth some one's praises; to roll out sentences.

Who roll'd the psalm to wintry skies. Tennyson.

6. To press or level with a roller; to spread or form with a roll, roller, or rollers; as, to roll a field; to roll paste; to roll steel rails, etc.

7. To move, or cause to be moved, upon, or by means of, rollers or small wheels.

8. To beat with rapid, continuous strokes, as a drum; to sound a roll upon.

9. (Geom.) To apply (one line or surface) to another without slipping; to bring all the parts of (one line or surface) into successive contact with another, in suck manner that at every instant the parts that have been in contact are equal.

10. To turn over in one's mind; to revolve.

Full oft in heart he rolleth up and down The beauty of these florins new and bright. Chaucer.
<-- 11. To rob, usu. a person unable to resist, as an unconscious, drunk, or sleeping person, by removing valuables on his person; as, to roll a drunk. --> To roll one's self, to wallow. -- To roll the eye, to direct its axis hither and thither in quick succession. -- To roll one's r's, to utter the letter r with a trill. [Colloq.]

Roll

Roll, v. i.

1. To move, as a curved object may, along a surface by rotation without sliding; to revolve upon an axis; to turn over and over; as, a ball or wheel rolls on the earth; a body rolls on an inclined plane.

And her foot, look you, is fixed upon a spherical stone, which rolls, and rolls, and rolls. Shak.

2. To move on wheels; as, the carriage rolls along the street. "The rolling chair." Dryden.

3. To be wound or formed into a cylinder or ball; as, the cloth rolls unevenly; the snow rolls well.

4. To fall or tumble; -- with over; as, a stream rolls over a precipice.

5. To perform a periodical revolution; to move onward as with a revolution; as, the rolling year; ages roll away.

6. To turn; to move circularly.

And his red eyeballs roll with living fire. Dryden.

7. To move, as waves or billows, with alternate swell and depression.

What different sorrows did within thee roll. Prior.

8. To incline first to one side, then to the other; to rock; as, there is a great difference in ships about rolling; in a general semse, to be tossed about.

Twice ten tempestuous nights I rolled. Pope.

9. To turn over, or from side to side, while lying down; to wallow; as, a horse rolls.

10. To spread under a roller or rolling-pin; as, the paste rolls well.

11. To beat a drum with strokes so rapid that they can scarcely be distinguished by the ear.

12. To make a loud or heavy rumbling noise; as, the thunder rolls. To roll about, to gad abroad. [Obs.]

Man shall not suffer his wife go roll about. Chaucer.

Roll

Roll, n. [F. r\'93le a roll (in sense 3), fr. L. rotulus little wheel, LL., a roll, dim. of L. rota a wheel. See Roll, v., and cf. R\'93le, Rouleau, Roulette.]

1. The act of rolling, or state of being rolled; as, the roll of a ball; the roll of waves.

2. That which rolls; a roller. Specifically: (a) A heavy cylinder used to break clods. Mortimer. (b) One of a set of revolving cylinders, or rollers, between which metal is pressed, formed, or smoothed, as in a rolling mill; as, to pass rails through the rolls.

3. That which is rolled up; as, a roll of fat, of wool, paper, cloth, etc. Specifically: (a) A document written on a piece of parchment, paper, or other materials which may be rolled up; a scroll.

Busy angels spread The lasting roll, recording what we say. Prior.

Page 1249

(b) Hence, an official or public document; a register; a record; also, a catalogue; a list.

The rolls of Parliament, the entry of the petitions, answers, and transactions in Parliament, are extant. Sir M. Hale.
The roll and list of that army doth remain. Sir J. Davies.
(c) A quantity of cloth wound into a cylindrical form; as, a roll of carpeting; a roll of ribbon. (d) A cylindrical twist of tobacco.

4. A kind of shortened raised biscuit or bread, often rolled or doubled upon itself.

5. (Naut.) The oscillating movement of a vessel from side to side, in sea way, as distinguished from the alternate rise and fall of bow and stern called pitching.

6. A heavy, reverberatory sound; as, the roll of cannon, or of thunder.

7. The uniform beating of a drum with strokes so rapid as scarcely to be distinguished by the ear.

8. Part; office; duty; r\'93le. [Obs.] L'Estrange. Long roll (Mil.), a prolonged roll of the drums, as the signal of an attack by the enemy, and for the troops to arrange themselves in line. -- Master of the rolls. See under Master. -- Roll call, the act, or the time, of calling over a list names, as among soldiers. -- Rolls of court, of parliament (or of any public body), the parchments or rolls on which the acts and proceedings of that body are engrossed by the proper officer, and which constitute the records of such public body. -- To call the roll, to call off or recite a list or roll of names of persons belonging to an organization, in order to ascertain who are present or to obtain responses from those present. Syn. -- List; schedule; catalogue; register; inventory. See List.

Rollable

Roll"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being rolled.

Roller

Roll"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rolls; especially, a cylinder, sometimes grooved, of wood, stone, metal, etc., used in husbandry and the arts.

2. A bandage; a fillet; properly, a long and broad bandage used in surgery.

3. (Naut.) One of series of long, heavy waves which roll in upon a coast, sometimes in calm weather.

4. A long, belt-formed towel, to be suspended on a rolling cylinder; -- called also roller towel.

5. (Print.) A cylinder coated with a composition made principally of glue and molassess, with which forms of type are inked previously to taking an impression from them. W. Savage.

6. A long cylinder on which something is rolled up; as, the roller of a man.

7. A small wheel, as of a caster, a roller skate, etc.

8. (Zo\'94l.) ANy insect whose larva rolls up leaves; a leaf roller. see Tortrix.

9. [CF. F. rollier.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Old World picarian birds of the family Coraciad\'91. The name alludes to their habit of suddenly turning over or "tumbling" in flight. &hand; Many of the species are brilliantly colored. The common European species (Coracias garrula) has the head, neck, and under parts light blue varied with green, the scapulars chestnut brown, and the tail blue, green, and black. The broad-billed rollers of India and Africa belong to the genus Eurystomus, as the oriental roller (E. orientalis), and the Australian roller, or dollar bird (E. Pacificus). The latter is dark brown on the head and neck, sea green on the back, and bright blue on the throat, base of the tail, and parts of the wings. It has a silvery-white spot on the middle of each wing.

10. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of small ground snakes of the family Tortricid\'91. Ground roller (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Madagascar rollers belonging to Atelornis and allied genera. They are nocturnal birds, and feed on the ground. -- Roller bolt, the bar in a carriage to which the traces are attached; a whiffletree. [Eng.] -- Roller gin, a cotton gin inn which rolls are used for separating the seeds from the fiber. -- Roller mill. See under Mill. -- Roller skate, a skate which has small wheels in the place of the metallic runner; -- designed for use in skating upon a smooth, hard surface, other than ice.<-- roller blades, a type of roller skate -->

Roley

Rol"ey (?), n. [Probably fr. roll.] A small wagon used for the underground work of a mine. Tomlison.

Rollic

Rol"lic (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rollicked ; p. pr. & vb. n. Rollicking.] [Corrupt. fr. frolic, under the influence of roll.] To move or play in a careless, swaggering manner, with a frolicsome air; to frolic; to sport; commonly in the form rollicking. [Colloq.]
He described his friends as rollicking blades. T. Hook.

Rolling

Roll"ing (?), a.

1. Rotating on an axis, or moving along a surface by rotation; turning over and over as if on an axis or a pivot; as, a rolling wheel or ball.

2. Moving on wheels or rollers, or as if on wheels or rollers; as, a rolling chair.

3. Having gradual, rounded undulations of surface; as, a rolling country; rolling land. [U.S.] Rolling bridge. See the Note under Drawbridge. -- Rolling circle of a paddle wheel, the circle described by the point whose velocity equals the velocity of the ship. J. Bourne. -- Rolling fire (Mil.), a discharge of firearms by soldiers in line, in quick succession, and in the order in which they stand. -- Rolling friction, that resistance to motion experienced by one body rolling upon another which arises from the roughness or other quality of the surfaces in contact. -- Rolling mill, a mill furnished with heavy rolls, between which heated metal is passed, to form it into sheets, rails, etc. -- Rolling press. (a) A machine for calendering cloth by pressure between revolving rollers. (b) A printing press with a roller, used in copperplate printing. -- Rolling stock, ∨ Rolling plant, the locomotives and vehicles of a railway. -- Rolling tackle (Naut.), tackle used to steady the yards when the ship rolls heavily. R. H. Dana, Jr.

Rolling-pin

Roll"ing-pin` (?), n. A cylindrical piece of wood or other material, with which paste or dough may be rolled out and reduced to a proper thickness.

Rollway

Roll"way` (?), n. A place prepared for rolling logs into a stream.

Rolly-poly

Roll"y-po`ly (?), n. A kind of pudding made of paste spread with fruit, rolled into a cylindrical form, and boiled or steamed. -- a. Shaped like a rolly-poly; short and stout. [Written also roly-poly.]

Rolly-pooly

Roll"y-pool`y (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A game in which a ball, rolling into a certain place, wins. [Written also rouly-pouly.]

Roly-poly

Ro"ly-po`ly (?), n. & a. Rolly-poly.

Romage

Rom"age (?), n. & v. See Rummage. [Obs.] Shak.

Romaic

Ro*ma"ic (?), a. [NGr. roma\'8bque. See Roman.] Of or relating to modern Greece, and especially to its language. -- n. The modern Greek language, now usually called by the Greeks Hellenic or Neo-Hellenic. &hand; The Greeks at the time of the capture of Constantinople were proud of being "Romai^oi, or Romans . . . Hence the term Romaic was the name given to the popular language. . . . The Greek language is now spoken of as the Hellenic language. Encyc. Brit.

Roman

Ro"man (?), a. [L. Romanus, fr. Roma Rome: cf. F. romain. Cf. Romaic, Romance, Romantic.]

1. Of or pertaining to Rome, or the Roman people; like or characteristic of Rome, the Roman people, or things done by Romans; as, Roman fortitude; a Roman aqueduct; Roman art.

2. Of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic religion; professing that religion.

3. (Print.) (a) Upright; erect; -- said of the letters or kind of type ordinarily used, as distinguished from Italic characters. (b) Expressed in letters, not in figures, as I., IV., i., iv., etc.; -- said of numerals, as distinguished from the Arabic numerals, 1, 4, etc. Roman alum (Chem.), a cubical potassium alum formerly obtained in large quantities from Italian alunite, and highly valued by dyers on account of its freedom from iron. -- Roman balance, a form of balance nearly resembling the modern steelyard. See the Note under Balance, n., 1. -- Roman candle, a kind of firework (generally held in the hand), characterized by the continued emission of shower of sparks, and the ejection, at intervals, of brilliant balls or stars of fire which are thrown upward as they become ignited. -- Roman Catholic, of, pertaining to, or the religion of that church of which the pope is the spiritual head; as, a Roman Catholic priest; the Roman Catholic Church. -- Roman cement, a cement having the property of hardening under water; a species of hydraulic cement. -- Roman law. See under Law. -- Roman nose, a nose somewhat aquiline. -- Roman ocher, a deep, rich orange color, transparent and durable, used by artists. Ure. -- Roman order (Arch.), the composite order. See Composite, a., 2.

Roman

Ro"man, n.

1. A native, or permanent resident, of Rome; a citizen of Rome, or one upon whom certain rights and privileges of a Roman citizen were conferred.

2. Roman type, letters, or print, collectively; -- in distinction from Italics.

Romance

Ro*mance" (?), n. [OE. romance, romant, romaunt, OF. romanz, romans, romant, roman, F. roman, romance, fr. LL. Romanice in the Roman language, in the vulgar tongue, i. e., in the vulgar language which sprang from Latin, the language of the Romans, and hence applied to fictitious compositions written in this vulgar tongue; fr. L. Romanicus Roman, fr. Romanus. See Roman, and cf. Romanic, Romaunt, Romansch, Romanza.]

1. A species of fictitious writing, originally composed in meter in the Romance dialects, and afterward in prose, such as the tales of the court of Arthur, and of Amadis of Gaul; hence, any fictitious and wonderful tale; a sort of novel, especially one which treats of surprising adventures usually befalling a hero or a heroine; a tale of extravagant adventures, of love, and the like. "Romances that been royal." Chaucer.

Upon these three columns -- chivalry, gallantry, and religion -- repose the fictions of the Middle Ages, especially those known as romances. These, such as we now know them, and such as display the characteristics above mentioned, were originally metrical, and chiefly written by nations of the north of France. Hallam.

2. An adventure, or series of extraordinary events, resembling those narrated in romances; as, his courtship, or his life, was a romance.

3. A dreamy, imaginative habit of mind; a disposition to ignore what is real; as, a girl full of romance.

4. The languages, or rather the several dialects, which were originally forms of popular or vulgar Latin, and have now developed into Italian. Spanish, French, etc. (called the Romanic languages).

5. (Mus.) A short lyric tale set to music; a song or short instrumental piece in ballad style; a romanza. <-- 6. A love affair, esp. one in which the lovers display their deep affection openly, by romantic gestures. --> Syn. -- Fable; novel; fiction; tale.

Romance

Ro*mance", a. Of or pertaining to the language or dialects known as Romance.

Romance

Ro*mance", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Romanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Romancing (?).] To write or tell romances; to indulge in extravagant stories.
A very brave officer, but apt to romance. Walpole.

Romancer

Ro*man"cer (?), n. One who romances.

Romancist

Ro*man"cist (?), n. A romancer. [R.]

Romancy

Ro*man"cy (?), a. Romantic. [R.]

Romanesque

Ro`man*esque" (?), a. [F. romanesque; cf. It. romanesco.]

1. (Arch.) Somewhat resembling the Roman; -- applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman empire, but esp. to the more developed architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.

2. Of or pertaining to romance or fable; fanciful. Romanesque style (Arch.), that which grew up from the attempts of barbarous people to copy Roman architecture and apply it to their own purposes. This term is loosely applied to all the styles of Western Europe, from the fall of the Western Roman Empire to the appearance of Gothic architecture.

Romanesque

Ro`man*esque", n. Romanesque style.

Romanic

Ro*man"ic (?), a. [L. Romanicus. See Romance, n.]

1. Of or pertaining to Rome or its people.

2. Of or pertaining to any or all of the various languages which, during the Middle Ages, sprung out of the old Roman, or popular form of Latin, as the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Provencal, etc.

3. Related to the Roman people by descent; -- said especially of races and nations speaking any of the Romanic tongues. Romanic spelling, spelling by means of the letters of the Roman alphabet, as in English; -- contrasted with phonetic spelling.

Romanish

Ro"man*ish (?), a. Pertaining to Romanism.

Romanism

Ro"man*ism (?), n. The tenets of the Church of Rome; the Roman Catholic religion.

Romanist

Ro"man*ist, n. One who adheres to Romanism.

Romanize

Ro"man*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Romanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Romanizing (?).]

1. To Latinize; to fill with Latin words or idioms. [R.] Dryden.

2. To convert to the Roman Catholic religion.

Romanize

Ro"man*ize, v. i.

1. To use Latin words and idioms. "Apishly Romanizing." Milton.

2. To conform to Roman Catholic opinions, customs, or modes of speech.

Romanizer

Ro"man*i`zer (?), n. One who Romanizes.

Romansch

Ro*mansch" (?), n. [Grisons rumansch, rumonsch, romonsch. See Romance.] The language of the Grisons in Switzerland, a corruption of the Latin. [Written also Romansch, and Rumonsch.]

Romant

Ro*mant" (?), n. A romaunt. [Obs.]

Romantic

Ro*man"tic (?), a. [F. romantique, fr. OF. romant. See Romance.]

1. Of or pertaining to romance; involving or resembling romance; hence, fanciful; marvelous; extravagant; unreal; as, a romantic tale; a romantic notion; a romantic undertaking.

Can anything in nature be imagined more profane and impious, more absurd, and undeed romantic, than such a persuasion? South.
Zeal for the good of one's country a party of men have represented as chimerical and romantic. Addison.

2. Entertaining ideas and expectations suited to a romance; as, a romantic person; a romantic mind.

3. Of or pertaining to the style of the Christian and popular literature of the Middle Ages, as opposed to the classical antique; of the nature of, or appropriate to, that style; as, the romantic school of poets.

4. Characterized by strangeness or variety; suggestive of adventure; suited to romance; wild; picturesque; -- applied to scenery; as, a romantic landscape. Syn. -- Sentimental; fanciful; fantastic; fictitious; extravagant; wild; chimerical. See Sentimental. The romantic drama. See under Drama.

Romantical

Ro*man"tic*al (?), a. Romantic.

Romanticaly

Ro*man"tic*al*y, adv. In a romantic manner.

Romanticism

Ro*man"ti*cism (?), n. [CF. It. romanticismo, F. romantisme, romanticisme.] A fondness for romantic characteristics or peculiarities; specifically, in modern literature, an aiming at romantic effects; -- applied to the productions of a school of writers who sought to revive certain medi
He [Lessing] may be said to have begun the revolt from pseudo-classicism in poetry, and to have been thus unconsciously the founder of romanticism. Lowell.

Romanticist

Ro*man"ti*cist (?), n. One who advocates romanticism in modern literature. J. R. Seeley.

Romanticly

Ro*man"tic*ly (?), adv. Romantically. [R.] Strype.

Romanticness

Ro*man"tic*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being romantic; widness; fancifulness. Richardson.

Romany

Rom"a*ny (?), n. [Gypsy romano, romani, adj., gypsy; cf. rom husband.]

1. A gypsy.

2. The language spoken among themselves by the gypsies. [Written also Rommany.]

Romanza

Ro*man"za (?), n. [It.] See Romance,5.

Romaunt

Ro*maunt" (?), n. [See Romance.] A romantic story in verse; as, the "Romaunt of the Rose."
O, hearken, loving hearts and bold, Unto my wild romaunt. Mrs. Browning.

Romble

Rom"ble (?), v.& n. Rumble. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rombowline

Rom*bow"line (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Naut.) Old, condemned canvas, rope, etc., unfit for use except in chafing gear. [Written also rumbowline.]

Romeine, Romeite

Ro"me*ine (?), Ro"me*ite (?), n. [F. rom\'82ine. So calledafter the French mineralogist Rom\'82 L'Isle.] (Min.) A mineral of a hyacinth or honey-yellow color, occuring in square octahedrons. It is an antimonate of calcium.

Romekin

Rome"kin (?), n. [CF. Rummer.] A drinking cup. [Written also romkin.] [Obs.] Halliwell.

Rome penny, ∨ Rome scot

Rome" pen`ny (?), ∨ Rome" scot` (?). See Peter pence, under Peter.

Romeward

Rome"ward (?), adv. Toward Rome, or toward the Roman Catholic Church.

Romeward

Rome"ward, a. Tending or directed toward Rome, or toward the Roman Catholic Church.
To analyze the crisis in its Anglican rather than in its Romeward aspect. Gladstone.

Romic

Rom"ic (?), n. A method of notation for all spoken sounds, proposed by Mr. Sweet; -- so called because it is based on the common Roman-letter alphabet. It is like the pal\'91otype of Mr. Ellis in the general plan, but simpler.

Romish

Rom"ish (?), a. Belonging or relating to Rome, or to the Roman Catholic Church; -- frequently used in a disparaging sense; as, the Romish church; the Romish religion, ritual, or ceremonies.

Romist

Rom"ist, n. A Roman Catholic. [R.] South.

Romp

Romp (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Romped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Romping.] [A variant of ramp. See Ramp to leap, Rampallian.] To play rudely and boisterously; to leap and frisk about in play.

Romp

Romp, n.

1. A girl who indulges in boisterous play.


Page 1250

2. Rude, boisterous play or frolic; rough sport.

While romp-loving miss Is hauled about in gallantry robust. Thomson.

Romping

Romp"ing (?), a. Inclined to romp; indulging in romps.
A little romping girl from boarding school. W. Irving.

Rompingly

Romp"ing*ly, adv. In a romping manner.

Rompish

Romp"ish, a. Given to rude play; inclined to romp. --- Romp"ish, adv. -- Romp"ish*ness, n.

Rompu

Rom"pu (?), a. [F. rompu, p. p. of rompre to breeak, L. rumpere. See Rupture.] (Her.) Broken, as an ordinary; cut off, or broken at the top, as a chevron, a bend, or the like.

Roncador

Ron`ca*dor" (?), n. [Sp., a snorer, fr. roncar to snore. So called in allusion to the grunting noise made by them on being taken from the water. ] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of California sci\'91noid food fishes, especially Roncador Stearnsi, which is an excellent market fish, and the red roncador (Corvina, ∨ Johnius, saturna).

Ronchil

Ron"chil (?), n. [Cf. Sp. ronquillo slightly hoarse.] (Zo\'94l.) An American marine food fish (Bathymaster signatus) of the North Pacific coast, allied to the tilefish. [Written also ronquil.]

Ronco

Ron"co (?), n. [Sp. ronco hoarse.] (Zo\'94l.) See Croaker, n., 2. (a). [Texas]

Rondache

Ron`dache" (?), n. [F.] (Anc. Armor.) A circular shield carried by foot soldiers.

Ronde

Ronde (?), n. [F.] (Print.) A kind of script in which the heavy strokes are nearly upright, giving the characters when taken together a round look.

Rondeau

Ron*deau" (?), n. [F. See Roundel.] [Written also rondo.]

1. A species of lyric poetry so composed as to contain a refrain or repetition which recurs according to a fixed law, and a limited number of rhymes recurring also by rule. &hand; When the rondeau was called the rondel it was mostly written in fourteen octosyllabic lines of two rhymes, as in the rondels of Charles d'Orleans. . . . In the 17th century the approved form of the rondeau was a structure of thirteen verses with a refrain. Encyc. Brit.

2. (Mus.) See Rondo,1.

Rondel

Ron"del (?), n. [Cf. Rondeau, Roundel.]

1. (Fort.) A small round tower erected at the foot of a bastion. [Obs.]

2. [F.] (a) Same as Rondeau. (b) Specifically, a particular form of rondeau containing fourteen lines in two rhymes, the refrain being a repetition of the first and second lines as the seventh and eighth, and again as the thirteenth and fourteenth. E. W. Gosse.

Rondeletia

Ron`de*le"ti*a (?), n. [NL. So named after William Rondelet, a French naturalist.] (Bot.) A tropical genus of rubiaceous shrubs which often have brilliant flowers.

Rondle

Ron"dle (?), n. [Cf. Rondel.]

1. A rondeau. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. A round mass, plate, or disk; especially (Metal.), the crust or scale which forms upon the surface of molten metal in the crucible.

Rondo

Ron"do (?), n. [It. rond\'95, fr. F. rondeau. See Rondeau.]

1. (Mus.) A composition, vocal or instrumental, commonly of a lively, cheerful character, in which the first strain recurs after each of the other strains. "The Rondo-form was the earliest and most frequent definite mold for musical construction." Grove.

2. (Poetry) See Rondeau, 1.

Rondure

Ron"dure (?), n. [Cf. F. rondeur roundness.]

1. A round; a circle. [Obs.] Shak.

2. Roundness; plumpness. [R.]

High-kirtled for the chase, and what was shown Of maiden rondure, like the rose half-blown. Lowell.

Rong

Rong (?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Ring. Chaucer.

Rong

Rong, n. Rung (of a ladder). [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rongeur

Ron`geur" (?), n. [F., fr. ronger to gnaw.] (Surg.) An instrument for removing small rough portions of bone.

Ronion, Ronyon

Ron"ion, Ron"yon (?), n. [F. rogne scab, mange.] A mangy or scabby creature.
"Aroint thee, with!" the rump-fed ronyon cries. Shak.

Ronne, obs. imp. pl., and Ronnen

Ron"ne (?), obs. imp. pl., and Ron"nen (, obs. p. p. of Renne, to run. Chaucer.

Ront

Ront (?), n. [See Runt.] A runt. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rood

Rood (?), n. [AS. rr, D. roede rod, G. ruthe, rute, OHG. ruota. CF. Rod a measure.]

1. A representation in sculpture or in painting of the cross with Christ hanging on it. &hand; Generally, the Trinity is represented, the Father as an elderly man fully clothed, with a nimbus around his head, and holding the cross on which the Son is represented as crucified, the Holy Spirit descending in the form of a dove near the Son's head. Figures of the Virgin Mary and of St. John are often placed near the principal figures.

Savior, in thine image seen Bleeding on that precious rood. Wordsworth.

2. A measure of five and a half yards in length; a red; a perch; a pole. [Prov.Eng.]

3. The fourth part of an acre, or forty square rods. By the rood, by the cross; -- a phrase formerly used in swearing. "No, by the road, not so." Shak. -- Rood beam (Arch.), a beam across the chancel of a church, supporting the road. -- Rood loft (Arch.), a loft or gallery, in a church, on which the rood and its appendagess were set up to view. Gwilt. -- Rood screen (Arch.), a screen, between the choir and the body of the church, over which the rood was placed. Fairholt. -- Rood tower (Arch.), a tower at the intersection of the nave and transept of a church; -- when crowned with a spire it was called also rood steeple. Weale. -- Rood tree, the cross. [Obs.] "Died upon the rood tree." Gower.

Roodebok

Roo"de*bok (?), n. [D. rood red + bok buck.] (Zo\'94l.) The pallah.

Roody

Rood"y (?), a. Rank in growth. [Prov.Eng.]

Roof

Roof (?), n. [OE. rof, AS. hr top, roof; akin to D. roef cabin, Icel. hr a shed under which ships are built or kept; cf. OS. hr roof, Goth. hr. Cf. Roost.]

1. (Arch.) The cover of any building, including the roofing (see Roofing) and all the materials and construction necessary to carry and maintain the same upon the walls or other uprights. In the case of a building with vaulted ceilings protected by an outer roof, some writers call the vault the roof, and the outer protection the roof mask. It is better, however, to consider the vault as the ceiling only, in cases where it has farther covering.

2. That which resembles, or corresponds to, the covering or the ceiling of a house; as, the roof of a cavern; the roof of the mouth.

The flowery roof Showered roses, which the morn repaired. Milton.

3. (Mining.) The surface or bed of rock immediately overlying a bed of coal or a flat vein. Bell roof, French roof, etc. (Arch.) See under Bell, French, etc. -- Flat roof. (Arch.) (a) A roof actually horizontal and level, as in some Oriental buildings. (b) A roof nearly horizontal, constructed of such material as allows the water to run off freely from a very slight inclination. -- Roof plate. (Arch.) See Plate, n., 10.

Roof

Roof (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Roofed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Roofing.]

1. To cover with a roof.

I have not seen the remains of any Roman buildings that have not been roofed with vaults or arches. Addison.

2. To inclose in a house; figuratively, to shelter.

Here had we now our country's honor roofed. Shak.

Roofer

Roof"er (?), n. One who puts on roofs.

Roofing

Roof"ing, n.

1. The act of covering with a roof.

2. The materials of which a roof is composed; materials for a roof. Gwilt.

3. Hence, the roof itself; figuratively, shelter. "Fit roofing gave." Southey.

4. (Mining) The wedging, as of a horse or car, against the top of an underground passage. Raymond.

Roofless

Roof"less, a.

1. Having no roof; as, a roofless house.

2. Having no house or home; shelterless; homeless.

Rooflet

Roof"let (?), n. A small roof, covering, or shelter.

Rooftree

Roof"tree` (?), n. The beam in the angle of a roof; hence, the roof itself.
Now for me the woods may wither, now for me the rooftree fall. Tennyson.

Roofy

Roof`y (?), a. Having roofs. [R.] Dryden.

Rook

Rook (?), n. Mist; fog. See Roke. [Obs.]

Rook

Rook, v. i. To squat; to ruck. [Obs.] Shak.

Rook

Rook, n. [F. roc (cf. Sp. roque), fr. Per. & Ar. rokh, or rukh, the rook or castle at chess, also the bird roc (in this sense pehaps a different word); cf. Hind. rath a war chariot, the castle at chess, Skr. ratha a car, a war car. Cf. Roll.] (Chess) One of the four pieces placed on the corner squares of the board; a castle.

Rook

Rook, n. [AS. hr; akin to OHG. hruoh, ruoh, ruoho, Icel. hr, Sw. roka, Dan. raage; cf. Goth. hrukjan to crow.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A European bird (Corvus frugilegus) resembling the crow, but smaller. It is black, with purple and violet reflections. The base of the beak and the region around it are covered with a rough, scabrous skin, which in old birds is whitish. It is gregarious in its habits. The name is also applied to related Asiatic species.

The rook . . . should be treated as the farmer's friend. Pennant.

2. A trickish, rapacious fellow; a cheat; a sharper. Wycherley.

Rook

Rook, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Rooked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rooking.] To cheat; to defraud by cheating. "A band of rooking officials." Milton.

Rookery

Rook"er*y (?), n.; pl. Rookeries (.

1. The breeding place of a colony of rooks; also, the birds themselves. Tennyson.

2. A breeding place of other gregarious birds, as of herons, penguins, etc.

3. The breeding ground of seals, esp. of the fur seals.

4. A dilapidated building with many rooms and occupants; a cluster of dilapidated or mean buildings.

5. A brothel. [Low]

Rooky

Rook"y (?), a. [See Roky.] Misty; gloomy. [Obs.]
Light thickens, and the crow Makes wing to the rooky wood. Shak.
&hand; Some make this Shakespearean word mean "abounding in rooks."

Room

Room (?), n. [OE. roum, rum, space, AS. r&umac;m; akin to OS., OFries. & Icel. r&umac;m, D. ruim, G. raum, OHG. r&umac;m, Sw. & Dan. rum, Goth. r&umac;ms, and to AS. r&umac;m, adj., spacious, D. ruim, Icel. r&umac;mr, Goth. r&umac;ms; and prob. to L. rus country (cf. Rural), Zend rava&ndot;h wide, free, open, ravan a plain.]

1. Unobstructed spase; space which may be occupied by or devoted to any object; compass; extent of place, great or small; as, there is not room for a house; the table takes up too much room.

Lord, it is done as thou hast commanded, and yet there is room. Luke xiv. 22.
There was no room for them in the inn. Luke ii. 7.

2. A particular portion of space appropriated for occupancy; a place to sit, stand, or lie; a seat.

If he have but twelve pence in his purse, he will give it for the best room in a playhouse. Overbury.
When thou art bidden of any man to a wedding, sit not down in the highest room. Luke xiv. 8.

3. Especially, space in a building or ship inclosed or set apart by a partition; an apartment or chamber.

I found the prince in the next room. Shak.

4. Place or position in society; office; rank; post; station; also, a place or station once belonging to, or occupied by, another, and vacated. [Obs.]

When he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea in the room of his father Herod. Matt. ii. 22.
Neither that I look for a higher room in heaven. Tyndale.
Let Bianca take her sister's room. Shak.

5. Possibility of admission; ability to admit; opportunity to act; fit occasion; as, to leave room for hope.

There was no prince in the empire who had room for such an alliance. Addison.
Room and space (Shipbuilding), the distance from one side of a rib to the corresponding side of the next rib; space being the distance between two ribs, in the clear, and room the width of a rib. -- To give room, to withdraw; to leave or provide space unoccupied for others to pass or to be seated. -- To make room, to open a space, way, or passage; to remove obstructions; to give room.
Make room, and let him stand before our face. Shak.
Syn. -- Space; compass; scope; latitude.

Room

Room (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rooming.] To occupy a room or rooms; to lodge; as, they arranged to room together.

Room

Room, a. [AS. r&umac;m.] Spacious; roomy. [Obs.]
No roomer harbour in the place. Chaucer.

Roomage

Room"age (?), n. [From Room. CF. Rummage.] Space; place; room. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Roomer

Room"er (?), n. A lodger. [Colloq.]

Roomer

Room"er (?), adv. [See Room, a.] At a greater distance; farther off. [Obs.] Sir J. Harrington.

Roomful

Room"ful (?), a. Abounding with room or rooms; roomy. "A roomful house." [R.] Donne.

Roomful

Room"ful, n.; pl. Roomfuls (. As much or many as a room will hold; as, a roomful of men. Swift.

Roomily

Room"i*ly (?), adv. Spaciously.

Roominess

Room"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being roomy; spaciousness; as, the roominess of a hall.

Roomless

Room"less, a. Being without room or rooms. Udall.

Roommate

Room"mate` (?), n. One of twe or more occupying the same room or rooms; one who shares the occupancy of a room or rooms; a chum.

Roomsome

Room"some (?), a. Roomy. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Roomth

Roomth (?), n. Room; space. [Obs.] Drayton.

Roomthy

Roomth"y (?), a. Roomy; spacious. [Obs.] Fuller.

Roomy

Room"y (?), a. Having ample room; spacious; large; as, a roomy mansion; a roomy deck. Dryden.

Roon

Roon (?), a. & n. Vermilion red; red. [R.]
Her face was like the lily roon. J. R. Drake.

Roop

Roop (?), n. See Roup. [Prov. Eng.]

Roorback, Roorbach

Roor"back, Roor"bach (?), n. A defamatory forgery or falsehood published for purposes of political intrigue. [U.S.] &hand; The word originated in the election canvass of 1844, when such a forgery was published, to the detriment of James K. Polk, a candidate for President, purporting to be an extract from the "Travels of Baron Roorbach."

Roosa oil

Roo"sa oil` (?). The East Indian name for grass oil. See under Grass.

Roost

Roost (?), n. Roast. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Roost

Roost (?), v. t. See Roust, v. t.

Roost

Roost, n. [AS. hr\'d3st; akin to OD. roest roost, roesten to roost, and probably to E. roof. Cf. Roof.]

1. The pole or other support on which fowls rest at night; a perch.

He clapped his wings upon his roost. Dryden.

2. A collection of fowls roosting together. At roost, on a perch or roost; hence, retired to rest.

Roost

Roost, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roosted; p. pr. & vb. n. Roosting.]

1. To sit, rest, or sleep, as fowls on a pole, limb of a tree, etc.; to perch. Wordsworth.

2. Fig.; To lodge; to rest; to sleep.

O, let me where thy roof my soul hath hid, O, let me roost and nestle there. Herbert.

Roostcock

Roost"cock` (?), n. The male of the domestic fowl; a cock. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Rooster

Roost"er (?), n. The male of the domestic fowl; a cock. [U.S.]
Nor, when they [the Skinners and Cow Boys] wrung the neck of a rooster, did they trouble their heads whether he crowed for Congress or King George. W. Irving.

Root

Root (?), v. i. [AS. wr\'d3tan; akin to wr\'d3t a snout, trunk, D. wroeten to root, G. r\'81ssel snout, trunk, proboscis, Icel. r\'d3ta to root, and perhaps to L. rodere to gnaw (E. rodent) or to E. root, n.]

1. To turn up the earth with the snout, as swine.

2. Hence, to seek for favor or advancement by low arts or groveling servility; to fawn servilely.

Root

Root, v. t. To turn up or to dig out with the snout; as, the swine roots the earth.

Root

Root, n. [Icel. r\'d3t (for vr\'d3t); akin to E. wort, and perhaps to root to turn up the earth. See Wort.]

1. (Bot.) (a) The underground portion of a plant, whether a true root or a tuber, a bulb or rootstock, as in the potato, the onion, or the sweet flag. (b) The descending, and commonly branching, axis of a plant, increasing in length by growth at its extremity only, not divided into joints, leafless and without buds, and having for its offices to fix the plant in the earth, to supply it with moisture and soluble matters, and sometimes to serve as a reservoir of nutriment for future growth. A true root, however, may never reach the ground, but may be attached to a wall, etc., as in the ivy, or may hang loosely in the air, as in some epiphytic orchids.


Page 1251

2. An edible or esculent root, especially of such plants as produce a single root, as the beet, carrot, etc.; as, the root crop.

3. That which resembles a root in position or function, esp. as a source of nourishment or support; that from which anything proceeds as if by growth or development; as, the root of a tooth, a nail, a cancer, and the like. Specifically: (a) An ancestor or progenitor; and hence, an early race; a stem.

They were the roots out of which sprang two distinct people. Locke.
(b) A primitive form of speech; one of the earliest terms employed in language; a word from which other words are formed; a radix, or radical. (c) The cause or occasion by which anything is brought about; the source. "She herself . . . is root of bounty." Chaucer.
The love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. 1 Tim. vi. 10 (rev. Ver. )
(d) (Math.) That factor of a quantity which when multiplied into itself will produce that quantity; thus, 3 is a root of 9, because 3 multiplied into itself produces 9; 3 is the cube root of 27. (e) (Mus.) The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed. Busby. (f) The lowest place, position, or part. "Deep to the roots of hell." Milton. "The roots of the mountains." Southey.

4. (Astrol.) The time which to reckon in making calculations.

When a root is of a birth yknowe [known]. Chaucer.
A\'89rial roots. (Bot.) (a) Small roots emitted from the stem of a plant in the open air, which, attaching themselves to the bark of trees, etc., serve to support the plant. (b) Large roots growing from the stem, etc., which descend and establish themselves in the soil. See Illust. of Mangrove. -- Multiple primary root (Bot.), a name given to the numerous roots emitted from the radicle in many plants, as the squash. -- Primary root (Bot.), the central, first-formed, main root, from which the rootlets are given off. -- Root and branch, every part; wholly; completely; as, to destroy an error root and branch. -- Root-and-branch men, radical reformers; -- a designation applied to the English Independents (1641). See Citation under Radical, n., 2. -- Root barnacle (Zo\'94l.), one of the Rhizocephala. -- Root hair (Bot.), one of the slender, hairlike fibers found on the surface of fresh roots. They are prolongations of the superficial cells of the root into minute tubes. Gray. -- Root leaf (Bot.), a radical leaf. See Radical, a., 3 (b). -- Root louse (Zo\'94l.), any plant louse, or aphid, which lives on the roots of plants, as the Phylloxera of the grapevine. See Phylloxera. -- Root of an equation (Alg.), that value which, substituted for the unknown quantity in an equation, satisfies the equation. -- Root of a nail (Anat.), the part of a nail which is covered by the skin. -- Root of a tooth (Anat.), the part of a tooth contained in the socket and consisting of one or more fangs. -- Secondary roots (Bot.), roots emitted from any part of the plant above the radicle. -- To strike root, To take root, to send forth roots; to become fixed in the earth, etc., by a root; hence, in general, to become planted, fixed, or established; to increase and spread; as, an opinion takes root. "The bended twigs take root." Milton.

Root

Root (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rooted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rooting.]

1. To fix the root; to enter the earth, as roots; to take root and begin to grow.

In deep grounds the weeds root deeper. Mortimer.

2. To be firmly fixed; to be established.

If any irregularity chanced to intervene and to cause misappehensions, he gave them not leave to root and fasten by concealment. Bp. Fell.

Root

Root, v. t.

1. To plant and fix deeply in the earth, or as in the earth; to implant firmly; hence, to make deep or radical; to establish; -- used chiefly in the participle; as, rooted trees or forests; rooted dislike.

2. To tear up by the root; to eradicate; to extirpate; -- with up, out, or away. "I will go root away the noisome weeds." Shak.

The Lord rooted them out of their land . . . and cast them into another land. Deut. xxix. 28.

Rootcap

Root"cap` (?), n. (Bot.) A mass of parenchym

Rooted

Root"ed, a. Having taken root; firmly implanted; fixed in the heart. "A rooted sorrow." Shak. -- Root"*ed*ly, adv. -- Root"ed*ness, n.

Rooter

Rooter (?), n. One who, or that which, roots; one that tears up by the roots.

Rootery

Root"er*y, n. A pile of roots, set with plants, mosses, etc., and used as an ornamental object in gardening.

Rootless

Root"less, a. Destitute of roots.

Rotlet

Rot"let (?), n. A radicle; a little root.

Rootstock

Root"stock` (?), n. (Bot.) A perennial underground stem, producing leafly s

Rooty

Root"y (?), a. Full of roots; as, rooty ground.

Ropalic

Ro*pal"ic (?), a. See Rhopalic.

Rope

Rope (?), n. [AS. r\'bep; akin to D. reep, G. reif ring hoop, Icel. reip rope, Sw. rep, Dan. reb, reeb Goth. skaudaraip latchet.]

1. A large, stout cord, usually one not less than an inch in circumference, made of strands twisted or braided together. It differs from cord, line, and string, only in its size. See Cordage.

2. A row or string consisting of a number of things united, as by braiding, twining, etc.; as, a rope of onions.

3. pl. The small intestines; as, the ropes of birds. Rope ladder, a ladder made of ropes. -- Rope mat., a mat made of cordage, or strands of old rope. -- Rope of sand, something of no cohession or fiber; a feeble union or tie; something not to be relied upon. -- Rope pump, a pump in which a rapidly running endless rope raises water by the momentum communicated to the water by its adhesion to the rope. -- Rope transmission (Mach.), a method of transmitting power, as between distant places, by means of endless ropes running over grooved pulleys. -- Rope's end, a piece of rope; especially, one used as a lash in inflicting punishment. -- To give one rope, to give one liberty or license; to let one go at will uncheked.

Rope

Rope (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Roping.] To be formed into rope; to draw out or extend into a filament or thread, as by means of any glutinous or adhesive quality.
Let us not hang like ropingicicles Upon our houses' thatch. Shak.

Rope

Rope, v. t.

1. To bind, fasten, or tie with a rope or cord; as, to rope a bale of goods. Hence: --

2. To connect or fasten together, as a party of mountain climbers, with a rope.

3. To partition, separate, or divide off, by means of a rope, so as to include or exclude something; as, to rope in, or rope off, a plot of ground; to rope out a crowd.

4. To lasso (a steer, horse). [Colloq. U.S.]

5. To draw, as with a rope; to entice; to inveigle; to decoy; as, to rope in customers or voters. [Slang, U.S.]

6. To prevent from winning (as a horse), by pulling or curbing. [Racing Slang, Eng.]

Ropeband

Rope"band` (?), n. (Naut.) A small piece of spun yarn or marline, used to fasten the head of the sail to the spar. [Written also roband, and robbin.]

Ropedancer

Rope"dan`cer (?), n. One who dances, walks, or performs acrobatic feats, on a rope extended through the air at some height. -- Rope"dan`cing, n.

Roper

Rop"er (?), n.

1. A maker of ropes. P. Plowman.

2. One who ropes goods; a packer.

3. One fit to be hanged. [Old Slang] Douce.

Ropery

Rop"er*y (?), n.

1. A place where ropes are made.

2. Tricks deserving the halter; roguery. [Obs.] "Saucy merchant . . . so full of his ropery." Shak.

Rope's-end

Rope's"-end` (?), v. t. To punish with a rope's end.

Ropewalk

Rope"walk` (?), a. A long, covered walk, or a low, level building, where ropes are manufactured.

Ropewalker

Rope"walk`er (?), n. A ropedancer.

Rope-yarn

Rope"-yarn` (?), n. the yarn or thread of any stuff of which the strands of a rope are made.

Ropily

Rop"i*ly (?), adv. In a ropy manner; in a viscous or glutinous manner.

Ropiness

Rop"i*ness, n. Quality of being ropy; viscosity.

Ropish

Rop"ish, a. Somewhat ropy.

Ropy

Rop"y (?), a. capable of being drawn into a thread, as a glutinous substance; stringy; viscous; tenacious; glutinous; as ropy sirup; ropy lees.

Roquelaure

Roq"ue*laure (?; 277), n. [F.; so called after Duc de Roquelaure, in the reign of Louis XIV.] A cloak reaching about to, or just below, the knees, worn in the 18th century. [Written also roquelo.]

Roquet

Ro*quet" (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain] (Croquet) To hit, as another's ball, with one's own ball.

Roquet

Ro*quet", v. i. To hit another's ball with one's own.

Roral

Ro"ral (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Of or pertaining to dew; consisting of dew; dewy. [R.] M. Green.

Roration

Ro*ra"tion (?), n. [L. roratio, fr. rorare to drop dew, fr. ros dew.] A falling of dew. [R.]

Roric

Ro"ric (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Of or pertaining to dew; resembling dew; dewy. Roric figures (Physics), figures which appear upon a polished surface, as glass, when objects which have been near to, or in contact with, the surface are removed and the surface breathed upon; -- called also Moser's images.

Rorid

Ro"rid (?), a. [L. roridus, fr. ros, roris, dew.] Dewy; bedewed. [R.] T. Granger.

Roriferous

Ro*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. rorifer; ros, roris, dew + ferre to bear: cf. F. rorif\'8are.] generating or producing dew. [R.]

Rorifluent

Ro*rif"lu*ent (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew + fluens, p.pr. of fluere to flow.] Flowing with dew. [R.]

Rorqual

Ror"qual (?), n. [Norw. rorqualus a whale with folds.] (Zo\'94l.) A very large North Atlantic whalebone whale (Physalus antiquorum, or Bal\'91noptera physalus). It has a dorsal fin, and strong longitudinal folds on the throat and belly. Called also razorback. &hand; It is one of the largest of the whales, somethimes becoming nearly one hundred feet long, but it is more slender than the right whales, and is noted for its swiftness. The name is sometimes applied to other related species of finback whales.

Rorulent

Ro"ru*lent (?), a. [L. rorulentus, from ros, roris, dew.]

1. Full of, or abounding in, dew. [R.]

2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the surface appearing as if dusty, or covered with fine dew.

Rory

Ro"ry (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Dewy. [R.]
And shook his wings with rory May-dew wet. Fairfax.

Rosaceous

Ro*sa"ceous (?), a. [L. rosaceus, fr. rosa rose.]

1. (Bot.) (a) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Rosace\'91) of which the rose is the type. It includes also the plums and cherries, meadowsweet, brambles, the strawberry, the hawthorn, applies, pears, service tress, and quinces. (b) Like a rose in shape or appearance; as, a rosaceous corolla.

2. Of a pure purpish pink color.

Rosacic

Ro*sac"ic (?), a. [See Rosaceous.] (Old med. Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (called also lithic acid) found in certain red precipitates of urine. See Uric. [Obs.]

Rosalgar

Ro*sal"gar (?), n. realgar. [Obs.] chaucer.

Rosalia

Ro*sa"li*a (?), n. [Cf. F. rosalie.] (Mus.) A form of melody in which a phrase or passage is successively repeated, each time a step or half step higher; a melodic sequence.

Rosaniline

Ros*an"i*line (? ∨ ?), n. [Rose + aniline.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous base, C20H21N3O, obtained by oxidizing a mixture of aniline and toluidine, as a colorless crystalline substance which forms red salts. These salts are essential components of many of the socalled aniline dyes, as fuchsine, aniline red, etc. By extension, any one of the series of substances derived from, or related to, rosaniline proper.

Rosarian

Ro*sa"ri*an (?), n. A cultivator of roses.

Rosary

Ro"sa*ry (?), n.; pl. Rosaries (#). [LL. rosarium a string of beads, L. rosarium a place planted with roses, rosa a rose: cf. F. rosaire. See Rose.]

1. A bed of roses, or place where roses grow. "Thick rosaries of scented thorn." Tennyson.

2. (R.C.Ch.) A series of prayers (see Note below) arranged to be recited in order, on beads; also, a string of beads by which the prayers are counted.

His idolized book, and the whole rosary of his prayers. Milton.
&hand; A rosary consists of fifteen decades. Each decade contains ten Ave Marias marked by small beads, preceded by a Paternoster, marked by a larger bead, and concluded by a Gloria Patri. Five decades make a chaplet, a third part of the rosary. Bp. Fitzpatrick.

3. A chapelet; a garland; a series or collection, as of beautiful thoughts or of literary selections.

Every day propound to yourself a rosary or chaplet of good works to present to God at night. Jer. Taylor.

4. A coin bearing the figure of a rose, fraudulently circulated in Ireland in the 13th century for a penny. Rosary shell (Zo\'94l.), any marine gastropod shell of the genus Monodonta. They are top-shaped, bright-colored and pearly.

Roscid

Ros"cid (?), a. [L. roscidus, fr. ros, roris, dew.] Containing, or consisting of, dew; dewy. [R.] Bacon.

Roscoelite

Ros"coe*lite (?), n. [From an English chemist, H.E. Roscoe + -lite.] (Min.) A green micaceous mineral occurring in minute scales. It is essentially a silicate of aluminia and potash containing vanadium.

Rose

Rose (?), imp. of Rise.

Rose

Rose, n. [AS. rose, L. rosa, probably akin to Gr. vard, OPer. vareda; and perhaps to E. wort: cf. F. rose, from the Latin. Cf. Copperas, Rhododendron.]

1. A flower and shrub of any species of the genus Rosa, of which there are many species, mostly found in the morthern hemispere &hand; Roses are shrubs with pinnate leaves and usually prickly stems. The flowers are large, and in the wild state have five petals of a color varying from deep pink to white, or sometimes yellow. By cultivation and hybridizing the number of petals is greatly increased and the natural perfume enhanced. In this way many distinct classes of roses have been formed, as the Banksia, Baurbon, Boursalt, China, Noisette, hybrid perpetual, etc., with multitudes of varieties in nearly every class.

2. A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe. Sha.

3. (Arch.) A rose window. See Rose window, below.

4. A perforated nozzle, as of a pipe, spout, etc., for delivering water in fine jets; a rosehead; also, a strainer at the foot of a pump.

5. (Med.) The erysipelas. Dunglison.

6. The card of the mariner's compass; also, a circular card with radiating lines, used in other instruments.

7. The color of a rose; rose-red; pink.

8. A diamond. See Rose diamond, below. Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise.


Page 1252

-- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.

Rose

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose (?), v. t.

1. To render rose-colored; to redden; to flush. [Poetic] "A maid yet rosed over with the virgin crimson of modesty." Shak.

2. To perfume, as with roses. [Poetic] Tennyson.

Roseal

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"se*al (?), a. [L. roseus, fr. rosa a rose.] resembling a rose in smell or color. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Roseate

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"se*ate (?), a. [Cf. L. roseus, rosatus, prepared from roses. See Roseal, Rose.]

1. Full of roses; rosy; as, roseate bowers.

2. resembling a rose in color or fragrance; esp., tinged with rose color; blooming; as, roseate beauty; her roseate lips. Roseate tern (Zo\'94l.), an American and European tern (Sterna Dougalli) whose breast is roseate in the breeding season.

Rosebay

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"bay` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) the oleander. [Obs.] (b) Any shrub of the genus Rhododendron. [U.S.] (c) An herb (Epilobium spicatum) with showy purple flowers, common in Europe and North America; -- called also great willow herb.

Rosebud

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"bud` (?), n. The flower of a rose before it opens, or when but partially open.

Rosebush

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"bush` (?), n. The bush or shrub which bears roses.

Rose-colored

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"-col`ored (?), a.

1. Having the color of a pink rose; rose-pink; of a delicate pink color.

2. Uncommonly beautiful; hence, extravagantly fine or pleasing; alluring; as, rose-colored anticipations.

Rose-cut

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"-cut` (?), a. Cut flat on the reverse, and with a convex face formed of triangular facets in rows; -- said of diamonds and other precious stones. See Rose diamond, under Rose. Cf. Brilliant, n.

Rosedrop

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"drop`, n.

1. A lozenge having a rose flavor.

2. A kind of earring. Simmonds.

3. (Med.) A ruddy eruption upon the nose caused by drinking ardent spirits; a grog blossom.

Rosefinch

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"finch (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Asiatic finches of the genera Carpodacus, and Propasser, and allied genera, in which the male is more or less colored with rose red.

Rosefish

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large marine scorp\'91noid food fish (Sebastes marinus) found on the northern coasts of Europe and America. called also red perch, hemdurgan, Norway haddok, and also, erroneously, snapper, bream, and bergylt. &hand; When full grown it is usually bright rose-red or orange-red; the young are usually mottled with red and ducky brown.

Rosehead

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"head` (?), n.

1. See Rose, n., 4.

2. A many-sided pyramidal head upon a nail; also a nail with such a head.

Roseine

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"se*ine (? ∨ ?), n. See Magenta.

Roselite

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"se*lite (?), n. [From the German mineralogist G. Rose + -lite.] (Min.) A hydrous arsenite of cobalt, occuring in small red crystals, allied to erythrite.

Rosella

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"sel"la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. rosa rose.] (Zo\'94l.) A beautiful Australian parrakeet (Platycercus eximius) often kept as a cage bird. The head and back of the neck are scarlet, the throat is white, the back dark green varied with lighter green, and the breast yellow.

Roselle

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro*selle" (?), n. (Bot.) a malvaceous plant (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) cultivated in the east and West Indies for its fleshy calyxes, which are used for making tarts and jelly and an acid drink.

Rosemaloes

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose`mal"oes (?), n. [From the native name; cf. Malay rasam\'bela the name of the tree.] The liquid storax of the East Indian Liquidambar orientalis.

Rosemary

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"ma*ry (?), n. [OE. rosmarine, L. rosmarinus; ros dew (cf. Russ. rosa, Lith. rasa, Skr. rasa juice) + marinus marine: cf. F. romarin. In English the word has been changed as if it meant the rose of Mary. See Marine.] A labiate shrub (Rosmarinus officinalis) with narrow grayish leaves, growing native in the southern part of France, Spain, and Italy, also in Asia Minor and in China. It has a fragrant smell, and a warm, pungent, bitterish taste. It is used in cookery, perfumery, etc., and is an emblem of fidelity or constancy.
There's rosemary, that's for remembrance. Shak.
Marsh rosemary. (a) A little shrub (Andromeda polifolia) growing in cold swamps and having leaves like those of the rosemary. (b) See under Marsh. -- Rosemary pine, the loblolly pine. See under Loblolly.

Rosen

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"en (?), a. Consisting of roses; rosy. [Obs.]

Rosenm\'81ller's organ

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"sen*m\'81l`ler's or"gan (?). [So named from its first describer, J. C. Rosenm\'81ller, a German anatomist.] (Anat.) The parovarium.

Roseo-

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"se*o- (?). (Chem.) A prefix (also used adjectively) signifying rose-red; specifically used to designate certain rose-red compounds (called roseo-cobaltic compounds) of cobalt with ammonia. Cf. Luteo-.

Roseola

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro*se"o*la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. rosa a rose.] (med.) A rose-colored efflorescence upon the skin, occurring in circumscribed patches of little or no elevation and often alternately fading and reviving; also, an acute specific disease which is characterized by an eruption of this character; -- called also rose rash. -- Ro*se"o*lous (#), a.

Rose-pink

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"-pink` (?), a.

1. Having a pink color like that of the rose, or like the pigment called rose pink. See Rose pink, under Rose.

2. Disposed to clothe everything with roseate hues; hence, sentimental. "Rose-pink piety." C. Kingsley.

Roser

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"er (?), n. A rosier; a rosebush. [Obs.]

Rose-red

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"-red` (?), a. Red as a rose; specifically (Zo\'94l.), of a pure purplish red color. Chaucer.

Rose-rial

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"-ri`al (?), n. [See Rose, and Royal.] A name of several English gold coins struck in different reigns and having having different values; a rose noble.

Roseroot

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"root` (?), n. (Bot.) A fleshy-leaved herb (Rhodiola rosea); rosewort; -- so called because the roots have the odor of roses.

Rosery

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"er*y (?), n. A place where roses are cultivated; a nursery of roses. See Rosary, 1.

Roset

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"set (?), n. [F. rosette. See Rosette.] A red color used by painters. Peacham.

Ro-setta stone

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro-set"ta stone` (?). A stone found at Rosetta, in Egypt, bearing a trilingual inscription, by aid of which, with other inscriptions, a key was obtained to the hieroglyphics of ancient Egypt. Brande & C.

Rosetta wood

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro*set"ta wood` (?). An east Indian wood of a reddish orange color, handsomely veined with darker marks. It is occasionally used for cabinetwork. Ure.

Rosette

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro*sette (?), n. [F., dim. of rose a rose. Cf. Roset.]

1. An imitation of a rose by means of ribbon or other material, -- used as an ornament or a badge.

2. (Arch.) An ornament in the form of a rose or roundel, -much used in decoration.

3. A red color. See Roset.

4. A rose burner. See under Rose.

5. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any structure having a flowerlike form; especially, the group of five broad ambulacra on the upper side of the spatangoid and clypeastroid sea urchins. See Illust. of Spicule, and Sand dollar, under Sand. (b) A flowerlike color marking; as, the rosettes on the leopard.

Rose water

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose" wa`ter (?). Water tinctured with roses by distillation.

Rose-water

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"-wa`ter, a. Having the odor of rose water; hence, affectedly nice or delicate; sentimental. "Rose-water philantropy." Carlyle.

Rosewood

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"wood (?), n. A valuable cabinet wood of a dark red color, streaked and variegated with black, obtained from several tropical leguminous trees of the genera Dalbergia and Mach\'91rium. The finest kind is from Brazil, and is said to be from the Dalbergia nigra. African rosewood, the wood of the leguminous tree Pterocarpus erinaceus. -- Jamaica rosewood, the wood of two West Indian trees (Amyris balsamifera, and Linocieria ligustrina). -- New South Wales rosewood, the wood of Trichilia glandulosa, a tree related to the margosa.

Roseworm

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of any one of several species of lepidopterous insects which feed upon the leaves, buds, or blossoms of the rose, especially Cac\'91cia rosaceana, which rolls up the leaves for a nest, and devours both the leaves and buds.

Rosewort

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rose"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) Roseroot. (b) Any plant nearly related to the rose. Lindley.

Rosicrucian

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros`i*cru"cian (?), n. [The name is probably due to a German theologian, Johann Valentin Andre\'84, who in anonymous pamphlets called himself a knight of the Rose Cross (G. Rosenkreuz), using a seal with a St. Andrew's cross and four roses.)] One who, in the 17th century and the early part of the 18th, claimed to belong to a secret society of philosophers deeply versed in the secrets of nature, -- the alleged society having existed, it was stated, several hundred years. &hand; The Rosicrucians also called brothers of the Rosy Cross, Rosy-cross Knights, Rosy-cross philosophers, etc. Among other pretensions, they claimed to be able to transmute metals, to prolong life, to know what is passing in distant places, and to discover the most hidden things by the application of the Cabala and science of numbers.

Rosicrucian

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros`i*cru"cian (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Rosicrucians, or their arts.

Rosied

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"ied (?), a. Decorated with roses, or with the color of roses.

Rosier

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro"sier (?), n. [F., fr. L. rosarius of roses. Cf. Rosary.] A rosebush; roses, collectively. [Obs.]
Crowned with a garland of sweet rosier. Spenser.

Rosily

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"i*ly (?), adv. In a rosy manner. M. Arnold.

Rosin

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"in (?), n. [A variant of resin.] The hard, amber-colored resin left after distilling off the volatile oil of turpentine; colophony. Rosin oil, an oil obtained from the resin of the pine tree, -- used by painters and for lubricating machinery, etc.

Rosin

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"in, v. t. To rub with rosin, as musicians rub the bow of a violin.
Or with the rosined bow torment the string. Gay.

Rosiness

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being rosy.

Rosinweed

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"in*weed` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The compass plant. See under Compass. (b) A name given in California to various composite plants which secrete resins or have a resinous smell.

Rosiny

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"in*y (?), a. like rosin, or having its qualities.

Rosland

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"land (?), n. [W. rhos a meadow, a moor + E. land.] heathy land; land full of heather; moorish or watery land. [prov. Eng.]

Rosmarine

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"ma*rine` (?), n. [OE. See Rosemary.]

1. Dew from the sea; sea dew. [Obs.]

That purer brine And wholesome dew called rosmarine. B. Jonson.

2. Rosemary. [Obs.] Spenser. "Biting on anise seed and rosmarine." Bp. Hall.

Rosmarine

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"ma*rine, n. [Norw. rosmar a walrus; ros a horse (akin to E. horse) + (probably) mar the sea.] A fabulous sea animal which was reported to climb by means of its teeth to the tops of rocks to feed upon the dew.
And greedly rosmarines with visages deforme. Spenser.

Rosolic

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ro*sol"ic (?), a. [Rose + carbolic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex red dyestuff (called rosolic acid) which is analogous to rosaniline and aurin. It is produced by oxidizing a mixture of phenol and cresol, as a dark red amorphous mass, C20H16O3, which forms weak salts with bases, and stable ones with acids. Called also methyl aurin, and, formerly, corallin.

Ross

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ross (?); 115), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] The rough, scaly matter on the surface of the bark of trees. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]

Ross

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ross, v. t. To divest of the ross, or rough, scaly surface; as, to ross bark. [Local, U.S.]

Rossel

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"sel (?), n. Light land; rosland. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Mortimer.

Rosselly

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"sel*ly (?), a. Loose; light. [Obs.] Mortimer.

Rost

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Rost (?), n. See Roust. [Scot.] Jemieson.

Rostel

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"tel (?), n. [L. rostellum, dim. of rostrum a beak: cf. F. rostelle.] same as Rostellum.

Rostellar

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros*tel"lar (?), a. Pertaining to a rostellum.

Rostellate

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"tel*late (?), a. [NL. rostellatus.] Having a rostellum, or small beak; terminating in a beak.

Rostelliform

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros*tel"li*form (?), a. Having the form of a rostellum, or small beak.

Rostellum

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros*tel"lum (?), n.; pl. Rostella (#). [L. See Rostel.] A small beaklike process or extension of some part; a small rostrum; as, the rostellum of the stigma of violets, or of the operculum of many mosses; the rostellum on the head of a tapeworm.

Roster

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"ter (?), n. [Perhaps a corruption of register; or cf. roll.] (Mil.) A register or roll showing the order in which officers, enlisted men, companies, or regiments are called on to serve.

Rostra

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"tra (?), n. pl. See Rostrum, 2.

Rostral

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"tral (?), a. [L. rostralis, fr. rostrum a beak; cf. F. rostral.] Of or pertaining to the beak or snout of an animal, or the beak of a ship; resembling a rostrum, esp., the rostra at Rome, or their decorations.
[Monuments] adorned with rostral crowns and naval ornaments. Addison.

Rostrate, Rostrated

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"trate (?), Ros"tra*ted (?), a. [L. rostratus, fr. rostrum a beak. See Rostrum.]

1. Having a process resembling the beak of a bird; beaked; rostellate.

2. Furnished or adorned with beaks; as, rostrated galleys.

Rostrifera

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros*trif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. rostrum beak + ferre to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of pectinibranchiate gastropods, having the head prolonged into a snout which is not retractile.

Rostriform

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"tri*form (?), a. [L. rostrum a beak + -form: cf. F. rostrifarme.] Having the form of a beak.

Rostrulum Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria ros\'91). These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.> Ros"tru*lum , n.; pl. Rostrula (#). [NL., dim. of L. rostrum a beak.] A little rostrum, or beak, as of an insect.
Page 1253

Rostrum

Ros"trum (?), n.; pl. L. Rostra (#), E. Rostrums (#). [L., beak, ship's beak, fr. rodere, rosum, to gnaw. See Rodent.]

1. The beak or head of a ship.

2. pl. (Rostra) (Rom. Antiq.) The Beaks; the stage or platform in the forum where orations, pleadings, funeral harangues, etc., were delivered; -- so called because after the Latin war, it was adorned with the beaks of captured vessels; later, applied also to other platforms erected in Rome for the use of public orators.

3. Hence, a stage for public speaking; the pulpit or platform occupied by an orator or public speaker.

Myself will mount the rostrum in his favor. Addison.

4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any beaklike prolongation, esp. of the head of an animal, as the beak of birds. (b) The beak, or sucking mouth parts, of Hemiptera. (c) The snout of a gastropod mollusk. See Illust. of Littorina. (d) The anterior, often spinelike, prolongation of the carapace of a crustacean, as in the lobster and the prawn.

5. (Bot.) Same as Rostellum.

6. (Old Chem.) The pipe to convey the distilling liquor into its receiver in the common alembic. Quincy.

7. (Surg.) A pair of forceps of various kinds, having a beaklike form. [Obs.] Coxe.

Rosulate

Ro"su*late (?), a. [NL. rosulatus, fr. L. rosa a rose.] (Bot.) Arranged in little roselike clusters; -- said of leaves and bracts.

Rosy

Ros"y (?), a. [Compar. Rosier (?); superl. Rosiest.] Resembling a rose in color, form, or qualities; blooming; red; blushing; also, adorned with roses.
A smile that glowed Celestial rosy-red, love's proper hue. Milton.
While blooming youth and gay delight Sit thy rosy cheeks confessed. Prior.
&hand; Rosy is sometimes used in the formation of selfrosy
-bosomed, rosy-colored, rosy-crowned, rosy-fingered, rosy-tinted. Rosy cross. See the Note under Rosicrucian, n.

Rot

Rot (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rotting.] [OE. rotien, AS. rotian; akin to D. rotten, Prov. G. rotten, OHG. rozz, G. r\'94sten to steep flax, Icel. rotna to rot, Sw. ruttna, Dan. raadne, Icel. rottin rotten. &root;117. Cf. Ret, Rotten.]

1. To undergo a process common to organic substances by which they lose the cohesion of their parts and pass through certain chemical changes, giving off usually in some stages of the process more or less offensive odors; to become decomposed by a natural process; to putrefy; to decay.

Fixed like a plant on his peculiar spot, To draw nutrition, propagate, and rot. Pope.

2. Figuratively: To perish slowly; to decay; to die; to become corrupt.

Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons. Macaulay.
Rot, poor bachelor, in your club. Thackeray.
Syn. -- To putrefy; corrupt; decay; spoil.

Rot

Rot, v. t.

1. To make putrid; to cause to be wholly or partially decomposed by natural processes; as, to rot vegetable fiber.

2. To expose, as flax, to a process of maceration, etc., for the purpose of separating the fiber; to ret.

Rot

Rot, n.

1. Process of rotting; decay; putrefaction.

2. (Bot.) A disease or decay in fruits, leaves, or wood, supposed to be caused by minute fungi. See Bitter rot, Black rot, etc., below.

3. [Cf. G. rotz glanders.] A fatal distemper which attacks sheep and sometimes other animals. It is due to the presence of a parasitic worm in the liver or gall bladder. See 1st Fluke, 2.

His cattle must of rot and murrain die. Milton.
Bitter rot (Bot.), a disease of apples, caused by the fungus Gl\'91osporium fructigenum. F. L. Scribner. -- Black rot (Bot.), a disease of grapevines, attacking the leaves and fruit, caused by the fungus L\'91stadia Bidwellii. F. L. Scribner. -- Dry rot (Bot.) See under Dry. -- Grinder's rot (Med.) See under Grinder. -- Potato rot. (Bot.) See under Potato. -- White rot (Bot.), a disease of grapes, first appearing in whitish pustules on the fruit, caused by the fungus Coniothyrium diplodiella. F. L. Scribner.

Rota

Ro"ta (?), n. [L. rota wheel. The name is said to allude to the design of the floor of the room in which the court used to sit, which was that of a wheel. See Rotary.]

1. An ecclesiastical court of Rome, called also Rota Romana, that takes cognizance of suits by appeal. It consists of twelve members.

2. (Eng. Hist.) A short-lived political club established in 1659 by J.Harrington to inculcate the democratic doctrine of election of the principal officers of the state by ballot, and the annual retirement of a portion of Parliament.

Rota

Ro"ta (?), n. (Mus.) A species of zither, played like a guitar, used in the Middle Ages in church music; -- written also rotta.

Rotacism

Ro"ta*cism (?), n. See Rhotacism.

Rotal

Ro"tal (?), a. Relating to wheels or to rotary motion; rotary. [R.]

Rotalite

Ro"ta*lite (?), n. [L. rota wheel + -lite.] (Paleon.) Any fossil foraminifer of the genus Rotalia, abundant in the chalk formation. See Illust. under Rhizopod.

Rotary

Ro"ta*ry (?), a. [L. rota a wheel. See Roll, v., and cf. barouche, Rodomontade, Rou\'82, Round, a., Rowel.] Turning, as a wheel on its axis; pertaining to, or resembling, the motion of a wheel on its axis; rotatory; as, rotary motion. Rotary engine, steam engine in which the continuous rotation of the shaft is produced by the direct action of the steam upon rotating devices which serve as pistons, instead of being derived from a reciprocating motion, as in the ordinary engine; a steam turbine; -- called also rotatory engine. -- Rotary pump, a pump in which the fluid is impelled by rotating devices which take the place of reciprocating buckets or pistons. -- Rotary shears, shears, as for cloth, metal, etc., in which revolving sharp-edged or sharp-cornered wheels do the cutting. -- Rotary valve, a valve acting by continuous or partial rotation, as in the four-way cock.

Rotascope

Ro"ta*scope (?), n. [L. rota a wheel + -scope.] Same as Gyroscope, 1.

Rotate

Ro"tate (?), a. [L. rotatus, p.p. of rotare to turn round like a wheel, fr. rota wheel. See Rotary, and cf. Roue.] Having the parts spreading out like a wheel; wheel-shaped; as, a rotate spicule or scale; a rotate corolla, i.e., a monopetalous corolla with a flattish border, and no tube or a very short one.

Rotate

Ro"tate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rotated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rotating.]

1. To turn, as a wheel, round an axis; to revolve.

2. To perform any act, function, or operation in turn, to hold office in turn; as, to rotate in office.

Rotate

Ro"tate, v. i.

1. To cause to turn round or revolve, as a wheel around an axle.

2. To cause to succeed in turn; esp., to cause to succeed some one, or to be succeeded by some one, in office. [Colloq.] "Both, after a brief service, were rotated out of office." Harper's Mag.

Rotated

Ro"ta*ted (?), a. Turned round, as a wheel; also, wheel-shaped; rotate.

Rotation

Ro*ta"tion (?), n. [L. rotatio: cf. F. rotation.]

1. The act of turning, as a wheel or a solid body on its axis, as distinguished from the progressive motion of a revolving round another body or a distant point; thus, the daily turning of the earth on its axis is a rotation; its annual motion round the sun is a revolution.

2. Any return or succesion in a series. Moment of rotation. See Moment of inertia, under Moment. -- Rotation in office, the practice of changing public officers at frequent intervals by discharges and substitutions. -- Rotation of crops, the practices of cultivating an orderly succession of different crops on the same land.

Rotation

Ro*ta"tion (?), a. Pertaining to, or resulting from, rotation; of the nature of, or characterized by, rotation; as, rotational velocity.

Rotative

Ro"ta*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. rotatif.] turning, as a wheel; rotary; rotational.
This high rotative velocity of the sun must cause an equatorial rise of the solar atmosphere. Siemens.
Rotative engine, a steam engine in which the reciprocating motion of the piston is transformed into a continuous rotary motion, as by means of a connecting rod, a working beam and crank, or an oscillating cylinder.

Rotator

Ro*ta"tor (?), n. [L.]

1. (Anat.) that which gives a rotary or rolling motion, as a muscle which partially rotates or turns some part on its axis.

2. (Metal.) A revolving reverberatory furnace.

Rotatoria

Ro`ta*to"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rotifera.

Rotatory

Ro"ta*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. rotatoire. See Rotate, Rotary.]

1. Turning as on an axis; rotary.

2. Going in a circle; following in rotation or succession; as, rotatory assembles. Burke.

3. (Opt.) Producing rotation of the plane of polarization; as, the rotatory power of bodies on light. See the Note under polarization. Nichol.

Rotatory

Ro"ta*to*ry, n. (Zo\'94l.) A rotifer. [R.] Kirby.

Rotche

Rotche (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A very small arctic sea bird (Mergulus alle, or Alle alle) common on both coasts of the Atlantic in winter; -- called also little auk, dovekie, rotch, rotchie, and sea dove.

Rotchet

Rotch"et (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European red gurnard (Trigla pini).

Rote

Rote (?), n. A root. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rote

Rote (?), n. [OE. rote, probably of German origin; cf. MHG. rotte, OHG. rota, hrota, LL. chrotta. Cf. Crowd a kind of violin.] (Mus.) A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy.
Well could he sing and play on a rote. Chaucer.
extracting mistuned dirges from their harps, crowds, and rotes. Sir W. Scott.

Rote

Rote, n. [Cf. Rut roaring.] The noise produced by the surf of the sea dashing upon the shore. See Rut.

Rote

Rote, n. [OF. rote, F. route, road, path. See Route, and cf. Rut a furrow, Routine.] A frequent repetition of forms of speech without attention to the meaning; mere repetition; as, to learn rules by rote. Swift.
till he the first verse could [i. e., knew] all by rote. Chaucer.
Thy love did read by rote, and could not spell. Shak.

Rote

Rote, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Roted; p. pr. & vb. n. Roting.] To learn or repeat by rote. [Obs.] Shak.

Rote

Rote, v. i. To go out by rotation or succession; to rotate. [Obs.] <-- = rotate out? --> Z. Grey.

Rotella

Ro*tel"la (?), n. [NL., dim. of rota wheel; cf. LL. rotella a little whell.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small, polished, brightcolored gastropods of the genus Rotella, native of tropical seas.

Rotgut

Rot"gut (?), n.

1. Bad small beer. [Slang]

2. Any bad spirituous liquor, especially when adulterated so as to be very deleterious. [Slang]

Rother

Roth"er (?), a. [AS. hry&edh;er; cf. D. rund.] (Zo\'94l.) Bovine. -- n. A bovine beast. [Obs.] Shak. Rother beasts, cattle of the bovine genus; black cattle. [Obs.] Golding. -- Rother soil, the dung of rother beasts.

Rother

Roth"er, n. [OE. See Rudder.] A rudder. Rother nail, a nail with a very full head, used for fastening the rudder irons of ships; -- so called by shipwrights.

Rotifer

Ro"ti*fer (?; 277), n. [NL. see Rotifera.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Rotifera. See Illust. in Appendix.

Rotifera

Ro*tif"e*ra (?), n.; pl. [NL., from L. rota ferre to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of minute worms which usually have one or two groups of vibrating cilia on the head, which, when in motion, often give an appearance of rapidly revolving wheels. The species are very numerous in fresh waters, and are very diversified in form and habits.

Rotiform

Ro"ti*form (?), a. [L. rota wheel + -form.]

1. Wheel-shaped; as, rotiform appendages.

2. (Bot.) Same as Rotate.

Rotta

Rot"ta (?), n. (Mus.) See Rota.

Rotten

Rot"ten (?), a. [Icel. rotinn; akin to Sw. rutten, Dan. radden. See Rot.] Having rotted; putrid; decayed; as, a rotten apple; rotten meat. Hence: (a) Offensive to the smell; fetid; disgusting.
You common cry or curs! whose breath I hate As reek of the rotten fens. Shak.
(b) Not firm or trusty; unsound; defective; treacherous; unsafe; as, a rotten plank, bone, stone. "The deepness of the rotten way." Knolles. Rotten borough. See under Borough. -- Rotten stone (Min.), a soft stone, called also Tripoli (from the country from which it was formerly brought), used in all sorts of finer grinding and polishing in the arts, and for cleaning metallic substances. The name is also given to other friable siliceous stones applied to like uses. Syn. -- Putrefied; decayed; carious; defective; unsound; corrupt; deceitful; treacherous. -- Rot"ten*ly, adv. -- Rot"ten*ness, n.

Rotula

Rot"u*la (?), n. [L., a little wheel; cf. It. rotula.] (Anat.) The patella, or kneepan.

Rotular

Rot"u*lar (?), a. [L. rotula, dim. of rota wheel.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the rotula, or kneepan.

Rotund

Ro*tund" (?), a. [L. rotundus. See Round, and cf. Rotunda.]

1. Round; circular; spherical.

2. Hence; complete; entire.

3. (Bot.) orbicular, or nearly so. Gray.

Rotund

Ro*tund", n. A rotunds. [Obs.] Burke.

Rotunda

Ro*tun"da (?), n. [Cf. It. rotonda, F. rotonde; both fr. L. rotundus round. See Rotund, a.] (Arch.) A round building; especially, one that is round both on the outside and inside, like the Pantheon at Rome. Less properly, but very commonly, used for a large round room; as, the rotunda of the Capitol at Washington.

Rotundate

Ro*tund"ate (?), a. Rounded; especially, rounded at the end or ends, or at the corners.

Rotundifolious

Ro*tund`i*fo"li*ous (?), a. [L. rotundus round + folium a leaf.] (Bot.) Having round leaves.

Rotundity

Ro*tund"i*ty (?), n. [L. rotunditas: cf. F. rotondit\'82.]

1. The state or quality of being rotu

Smite flat the thick rotundity o'the world! Shak.

2. Hence, completeness; entirety; roundness.

For the more rotundity of the number and grace of the matter, it passeth for a full thousand. Fuller.
A boldness and rotundity of speech. Hawthorne.

Rotundness

Ro*tund"ness, n. Roundness; rotundity.

Rotundo

Ro*tun"do (?), n. See Rotunda.

Roturer

Ro*tur"er (?), n. A roturier. [Obs.] Howell.

Roturier

Ro`tu`rier" (?), n. [F.] A person who is not of noble birth; specif., a freeman who during the prevalence of feudalism held allodial land.

Roty

Rot"y (?), v. t. [See Rot.] To make rotten. [Obs.]
Well bet is rotten apple out of hoard, Than that it roty all the remenant. Chaucer.

Rouble

Rou"ble (?), n. A coin. See Ruble.

Rouche

Rouche (?), n. See Ruche.

Rou\'82

Rou`\'82" (?), n. [F., properly p.p. of rouer to break upon the wheel, fr. roue a wheel, L. rota. See Rotate, Rotary.] One devoted to a life of sensual pleasure; a debauchee; a rake.

Rouet

Rou`et" (?), n. [F.] A small wheel formerly fixed to the pan of firelocks for discharging them. Crabb.

Rouge

Rouge (?), a. [F., fr. L. rubeus red, akin to rubere to be red, ruber red. See Red.] red. [R.] Rouge et noir ( [F., red and black], a game at cards in which persons play against the owner of the bank; -- so called because the table around which the players sit has certain compartments colored red and black, upon which the stakes are deposited. Hoyle.

Rouge

Rouge, n. [F.]

1. (Chem.) A red amorphous powder consisting of ferric oxide. It is used in polishing glass, metal, or gems, and as a cosmetic, etc. Called also crocus, jeweler's rouge, etc.

2. A cosmetic used for giving a red color to the cheeks or lips. The best is prepared from the dried flowers of the safflower, but it is often made from carmine. Ure.

Rouge

Rouge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rouged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rouging .] To paint the face or cheeks with rouge.

Rouge

Rouge, v. t. To tint with rouge; as, to rouge the face or the cheeks.

Rougecroix

Rouge`croix" (? ∨ ?), n. [F., literally, red cross.] (Her.) One of the four pursuivants of the English college of arms.

Rouge dragon

Rouge" drag`on (?), n. [F., literally, red dragon.] (Her.) One of the four pursuivants of the English college of arms.
Page 1254

Rough

Rough (?), a. [Compar. Rougher (?); superl. Roughest.] [OE. rou, rou, row, rugh, ruh, AS. r; akin to LG. rug, D. rug, D. ruig, ruw, OHG. r, G. rauh, rauch; cf. Lith. raukas wrinkle, rukti to wrinkle. &root; 18. Cf. Rug, n.]

1. Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth. Specifically: (a) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; -- said of a piece of land, or of a road. "Rough, uneven ways." Shak. (b) Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as, a rough diamond. (c) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or other piece of water.

More unequal than the roughest sea. T. Burnet.
(d) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; -- said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat. "A visage rough." Dryden. "Roughsatyrs." Milton.

2. Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or polish. Specifically: (a) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a rough temper.

A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough. Shak.
A surly boatman, rough as wayes or winds. Prior.
(b) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough measures or actions.
On the rough edge of battle. Milton.
A quicker and rougher remedy. Clarendon.
Kind words prevent a good deal of that perverseness which rough and imperious usage often produces. Locke.
(c) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers. Pope. (d) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine. (e) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a rough day.
He stayeth his rough wind. Isa. xxvii. 8.
Time and the hour runs through the roughest day. Shak.
(f) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught. Rough diamond, an uncut diamond; hence, colloquially, a person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior.<-- = diamond in the rough --> -- Rough and ready. (a) Acting with offhand promptness and efficiency. "The rough and ready understanding." Lowell. (b) Produced offhand. "Some rough and ready theory." Tylor.

Rough

Rough, n.

1. Boisterous weather. [Obs.] Fletcher.

2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy. In the rough, in an unwrought or rude condition; unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough.

Contemplating the people in the rough. Mrs. Browning.

Rough

Rough, adv. In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.
Sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats. Sir W. Scott.

Rough

Rough, v. t.

1. To render rough; to roughen.

2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes. Crabb.

3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch. Roughing rolls, rolls for reducing, in a rough manner, a bloom of iron to bars. -- To rough it, to endure hard conditions of living; to live without ordinary comforts.

Roughcast

Rough`cast" (?), v. t.

1. To form in its first rudiments, without revision, correction, or polish. Dryden.

2. To mold without nicety or elegance; to form with asperities and inequalities.

3. To plaster with a mixture of lime and shells or pebbles; as, to roughcast a building.

Roughcast

Rough"cast`, n.

1. A rude model; the rudimentary, unfinished form of a thing.

2. A kind of plastering made of lime, with a mixture of shells or pebbles, used for covering buildings. Shak.

Roughcaster

Rough"cast`er (?), n. One who roughcasts.

Roughdraw

Rough"draw` (?), v. t. To draw or delineate rapidly and by way of a first sketch.

Roughdry

Rough"dry` (?), v. t. in laundry work, to dry without smoothing or ironing.

Roughen

Rough"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Roughened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Roughening.] [From Rough.] To make rough.

Roughen

Rough"en, v. i. To grow or become rough.

Rough-footed

Rough"-foot`ed (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Feather-footed; as, a rough-footed dove. [R.] Sherwood.

Rough-grained

Rough"-grained (?), a. Having a rough grain or fiber; hence, figuratively, having coarse traits of character; not polished; brisque.

Roughhead

Rough"head` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The redfin.

Roughhew

Rough"hew` (?), v. t.

1. To hew coarsely, without smoothing; as, to roughhew timber.

2. To give the first form or shape to; to form rudely; to shape appromaxitely and rudely; to roughcast.

There's a divinity that shapes our ends, Roughhew them how we will. Shak.

Roughhewer

Rough"hew`er (?), n. One who roughhews.

Roughhewn

Rough"hewn` (?), a.

1. Hewn coarsely without smoothing; unfinished; not polished.

2. Of coarse manners; rude; uncultivated; rough-grained. "A roughhewn seaman." Bacon.

Roughing-in

Rough"ing-in` (?), n. The first coat of plaster laid on brick; also, the process of applying it.

Roughings

Rough"ings (?), n. pl. Rowen. [Prov. Eng.]

Roughish

Rough"ish, a. Somewhat rough.

Roughleg

Rough"leg` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large hawks of the genus Archibuteo, having the legs feathered to the toes. Called also rough-legged hawk, and rough-legged buzzard. &hand; The best known species is Archibuteo lagopus of Northern Europe, with its darker American variety (Sancti-johannis). The latter is often nearly or quite black. The ferruginous roughleg (Archibuteo ferrugineus) inhabits Western North America.

Rough-legged

Rough"-legged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the legs covered with feathers; -- said of a bird. rough-legged hawk. (Zo\'94l.) See Roughleg.

Roughly

Rough"ly, adv. In a rough manner; unevenly; harshly; rudely; severely; austerely.

Roughness

Rough"ness, n. The quality or state of being rough.

Roughrider

Rough"rid`er (?), n. One who breaks horses; especially (Mil.), a noncommissioned officer in the British cavalry, whose duty is to assist the riding master.

Roughscuff

Rough"scuff (?), n. [Rough + scuff.] A rough, coarse fellow; collectively, the lowest class of the people; the rabble; the riffraff. [Colloq. U.S.]

Roughsetter

Rough"set`ter (?), n. A mason who builds rough stonework.

Roughshod

Rough"shod (?), a. Shod with shoes armed with points or calks; as, a roughshod horse. To ride roughshod, to pursue a course regardless of the pain or distress it may cause others. <-- usu. with "over" -->

Roughstrings

Rough"strings` (?), n. pl. (Capr.) Pieces of undressed timber put under the steps of a wooden stair for their support.

Rought

Rought (?), obs. imp. of Reach.

Rought

Rought, obs. imp. of Reck, to care. Chaucer.

Roughtail

Rough"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of small ground snakes of the family Uropeltid\'91; -- so called from their rough tails.

Roughwork

Rough"work` (?), v. t. To work over coarsely, without regard to nicety, smoothness, or finish. Moxon.

Roughwrought

Rough"wrought` (?), a. Wrought in a rough, unfinished way; worked over coarsely.

Rouk

Rouk (?), v. i. See 5th Ruck, and Roke. [Obs.]

Roulade

Rou`lade" (?), n. [F.] (Mus.) A smoothly running passage of short notes (as semiquavers, or sixteenths) uniformly grouped, sung upon one long syllable, as in Handel's oratorios.

Rouleau

Rou`leau" (?), n.; pl. F. Rouleaux (F. , E. Rouleaus (#). [F., a roll, dim. fr. fr. r\'93le, formerly also spelt roulle. See Roll.] A little roll; a roll of coins put up in paper, or something resembling such a roll.

Roulette

Rou*lette" (?), n. [F., properly, a little wheel or ball. See Rouleau, Roll.]

1. A game of chance, in which a small ball is made to move round rapidly on a circle divided off into numbered red and black spaces, the one on which it stops indicating the result of a variety of wagers permitted by the game.

2. (Fine Arts) (a) A small toothed wheel used by engravers to roll over a plate in order to order to produce rows of dots. (b) A similar wheel used to roughen the surface of a plate, as in making alterations in a mezzotint.

3. (Geom.) the curve traced by any point in the plane of a given curve when the latter rolls, without sliding, over another fixed curve. See Cycloid, and Epycycloid.

Rouly-pouly

Rou"ly-pou`ly (?), n. See Rolly-pooly.

Roun, Rown

Roun, Rown (?), v. i. & t. [AS. r, fr. r a rune, secret, mystery; akin to G. raunen to whisper. See Rune.] To whisper. [obs.] Gower.
Another rouned to his fellow low. Chaucer.

Rounce

Rounce (?), n. [Cf. F. ronce bramble, brier, thorn, ranche a round, step, rack, or E. round.] (Print.) The handle by which the bed of a hand press, holding the form of type, etc., is run in under the platen and out again; -- sometimes applied to the whole apparatus by which the form is moved under the platen.

Rounceval

Roun"ce*val (?), a. [F. Ronceval, Roncevaux, a town at the foot of the foot of the Pyrenees, Sp. Roncesvalles.] Large; strong; -- from the gigantic bones shown at Roncesvalles, and alleged to be those of old heroes. [Obs.]

Rounceval

Roun"ce*val, n. A giant; anything large; a kind of pea called also marrowfat. [Obs.]

Rouncy

Roun"cy (?), n. A common hackney horse; a nag. [Obs.]
he rode upon a rouncy as he could. Chaucer.

Round

Round (?), v. i. & t. [From Roun.] To whisper. [obs.] Shak. Holland.
The Bishop of Glasgow rounding in his ear, "Ye are not a wise man," . . . he rounded likewise to the bishop, and said, "Wherefore brought ye me here?" Calderwood.

Round

Round, a. [OF. roond, roont, reond, F. rond, fr. L. rotundus, fr. rota wheel. See Rotary, and cf. Rotund, roundel, Rundlet.]

1. Having every portion of the surface or of the circumference equally distant from the center; spherical; circular; having a form approaching a spherical or a circular shape; orbicular; globular; as, a round ball. "The big, round tears." Shak.

Upon the firm opacous globe Of this round world. Milton.

2. Having the form of a cylinder; cylindrical; as, the barrel of a musket is round.

3. Having a curved outline or form; especially, one like the arc of a circle or an ellipse, or a portion of the surface of a sphere; rotund; bulging; protuberant; not angular or pointed; as, a round arch; round hills. "Their round haunches gored." Shak.

4. Full; complete; not broken; not fractional; approximately in even units, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc.; -- said of numbers.

Pliny put a round number near the truth, rather than the fraction. Arbuthnot.

5. Not inconsiderable; large; hence, generous; free; as, a round price.

Three thousand ducats; 'tis a good round sum. Shak.
Round was their pace at first, but slackened soon. Tennyson.

6. Uttered or emitted with a full tone; as, a round voice; a round note.

7. (Phonetics) Modified, as a vowel, by contraction of the lip opening, making the opening more or less round in shape; rounded; labialized; labial. See Guide to Pronunciation, § 11.

8. Outspoken; plain and direct; unreserved; unqualified; not mincing; as, a round answer; a round oath. "The round assertion." M. Arnold.

Sir Toby, I must be round with you. Shak.

9. Full and smoothly expanded; not defective or abrupt; finished; polished; -- said of style, or of authors with reference to their style. [Obs.]

In his satires Horace is quick, round, and pleasant. Peacham.

10. Complete and consistent; fair; just; -- applied to conduct.

Round dealing is the honor of man's nature. Bacon.
At a round rate, rapidly. Dryden. -- In round numbers, approximately in even units, tens, hundreds, etc.; as, a bin holding 99 or 101 bushels may be said to hold in round numbers 100 bushels. -- Round bodies (Geom.), the sphere right cone, and right cylinder. -- Round clam (Zo\'94l.), the quahog. -- Round dance one which is danced by couples with a whirling or revolving motion, as the waltz, polka, etc. -- Round game, a game, as of cards, in which each plays on his own account. -- Round hand, a style of penmanship in which the letters are formed in nearly an upright position, and each separately distinct; -- distinguished from running hand. -- Round robin. [Perhaps F. round round + ruban ribbon.] (a) A written petition, memorial, remonstrance, protest, etc., the signatures to which are made in a circle so as not to indicate who signed first. "No round robins signed by the whole main deck of the Academy or the Porch." De Quincey. (b) (Zo\'94l.) The cigar fish. -- Round shot, a solid spherical projectile for ordnance. -- Round Table, the table about which sat King Arthur and his knights. See Knights of the Round Table, under Knight. -- Round tower, one of certain lofty circular stone towers, tapering from the base upward, and usually having a conical cap or roof, which crowns the summit, -- found chiefly in Ireland. They are of great antiquity, and vary in heigh from thirty-five to one hundred and thiry feet. -- Round trot, one in which the horse throws out his feet roundly; a full, brisk, quick trot. Addison. -- Round turn (Naut.), one turn of a rope round a timber, a belaying pin, etc. -- To bring up with a round turn, to stop abruptly. [Colloq.] Syn. -- Circular; spherical; globular; globase; orbicular; orbed; cylindrical; full; plump; rotund.

Round

Round (?), n.
In labyrinth of many a round self-rolled. Milton.

2. A series of changes or events ending where it began; a series of like events recurring in continuance; a cycle; a periodical revolution; as, the round of the seasons; a round of pleasures.

3. A course of action or conduct performed by a number of persons in turn, or one after another, as if seated in a circle.

Women to cards may be compared: we play A round or two; which used, we throw away. Granville.
The feast was served; the bowl was crowned; To the king's pleasure went the mirthful round. Prior.

4. A series of duties or tasks which must be performed in turn, and then repeated.

the trivial round, the common task. Keble.

5. A circular dance.

Come, knit hands, and beat the ground, In a light fantastic round. Milton.

6. That which goes round a whole circle or company; as, a round of applause.

7. Rotation, as in office; succession. Holyday.

8. The step of a ladder; a rundle or rung; also, a crosspiece which joins and braces the legs of a chair.

All the rounds like Jacob's ladder rise. Dryden.

9. A course ending where it began; a circuit; a beat; especially, one freguently or regulary traversed; also, the act of traversing a circuit; as, a watchman's round; the rounds of the postman.

10. (Mil.) (a) A walk performed by a guard or an officer round the rampart of a garrison, or among sentinels, to see that the sentinels are faithful and all things safe; also, the guard or officer, with his attendants, who performs this duty; -- usually in the plural. (b) A general discharge of firearms by a body of troops in which each soldier fires once. (c) Ammunition for discharging a piece or pieces once; as, twenty rounds of ammunition were given out.

11. (Mus.) A short vocal piece, resembling a catch in which three or four voices follow each other round in a species of canon in the unison.

12. The time during which prize fighters or boxers are in actual contest without an intermission, as prescribed by their rules; a bout.

13. A brewer's vessel in which the fermentation is concluded, the yeast escaping through the bunghole.

14. A vessel filled, as for drinking. [R.]

15. An assembly; a group; a circle; as, a round of politicians. Addison.

16. (Naut.) See Roundtop.

17. Same as Round of beef, below. <-- 18. A complete set of plays in a game or contest covering a standard number of individual plays or parts; as, a round of golf, a round of tennis. Sim. to def. 3, without the seating. 19. One set of games in a tournament. --> Gentlemen of the round. (a) Gentlemen soldiers of low rank who made the rounds. See 10 (a), above. (b) Disbanded soldiers who lived by begging. [Obs.]

Worm-eaten gentlemen of the round, such as have vowed to sit on the skirts of the city, let your provost and his half dozen of halberdiers do what they can. B. Jonson.
-- Round of beef, the part of the thigh below the aitchbone, or between the rump and the leg. See Illust. of beef. -- Round steak, a beefsteak cut from the round. -- Sculpture in the round, sculpture giving the full form, as of man; statuary, distinguished from relief.
Page 1255

Round

Round, adv.

1. On all sides; around.

Round he throws his baleful eyes. Milton.

2. Circularly; in a circular form or manner; by revolving or reversing one's position; as, to turn one's head round; a wheel turns round.

3. In circumference; as, a ball is ten inches round.

4. From one side or party to another; as to come or turn round, -- that is, to change sides or opinions.

5. By or in a circuit; by a course longer than the direct course; back to the starting point.

6. Through a circle, as of friends or houses.

The invitations were sent round accordingly. Sir W. Scott.

7. Roundly; fully; vigorously. [Obs.] Chaucer. All round, over the whole place; in every direction. -- All-round, of general capacity; as, an all-round man. [Colloq.] -- To bring one round. (a) To cause one to change his opinions or line of conduct. (b) To restore one to health. [Colloq.]

Round

Round (?), prep. On every side of, so as to encompass or encircle; around; about; as, the people atood round him; to go round the city; to wind a cable round a windlass.
The serpent Error twines round human hearts. Cowper.
Round about, an emphatic form for round or about. "Moses . . . set them [The elders] round about the tabernacle." Num. xi. 24. -- To come round, to gain the consent of, or circumvent, (a person) by flattery or deception. [Colloq.]

Round

Round, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Rounding.]

1. To make circular, spherical, or cylindrical; to give a round or convex figure to; as, to round a silver coin; to round the edges of anything.

Worms with many feet, which round themselves into balls, are bred chiefly under logs of timber. Bacon.
The figures on our modern medals are raised and rounded to a very great perfection. Addison.

2. To surround; to encircle; to encompass.

The inclusive verge Of golden metal that must round my brow. Shak.

3. To bring to fullness or completeness; to complete; hence, to bring to a fit conclusion.

We are such stuff As dreams are made on, and our little life Is rounded with a sleep. Shak.

4. To go round wholly or in part; to go about (a corner or point); as, to round a corner; to round Cape Horn.

5. To make full, smooth, and flowing; as, to round periods in writing. Swift. To round in (Naut.) To haul up; usually, to haul the slack of (a rope) through its leading block, or to haul up (a tackle which hangs loose) by its fall. Totten. (b) To collect together (cattle) by riding around them, as on cattle ranches<-- round up -->. [Western U.S.]

Round

Round, v. i.

1. To grow round or full; hence, to attain to fullness, completeness, or perfection.

The queen your mother rounds apace. Shak.
So rounds he to a separate mind, From whence clear memory may begin. Tennyson.

2. To go round, as a guard. [Poetic]<-- = make the rounds -->

They . . . nightly rounding walk. Milton.

3. To go or turn round; to wheel about. Tennyson. To round to (Naut.), to turn the head of a ship toward the wind.

Roundabout

Round"a*bout` (?), a.

1. Circuitous; going round; indirect; as, roundabout speech.

We have taken a terrible roundabout road. Burke.

2. Encircling; enveloping; comprehensive. "Large, sound, roundabout sense." Locke.

Roundabout

Round"a*bout`, n.

1. A horizontal wheel or frame, commonly with wooden horses, etc., on which children ride; a merry-go-round. Smart.

2. A dance performed in a circle. Goldsmith.

3. A short, close jacket worn by boys, sailors, etc.

4. A state or scene of constant change, or of recurring labor and vicissitude. Cowper.

Roundaboutness

Round"a*bout`ness, n. The quality of being roundabout; circuitousness.

Round-arm

Round"-arm` (?), a. (Cricket) Applied to the method delivering the ball in bowling, by swinging the arm horizontally. R. A. Proctor.

Round-backed

Round"-backed` (?), a. Having a round back or shoulders; round-shouldered.

Rounded

Round"ed, a. (Phonetics) Modified by contraction of the lip opening; labialized; labial. See Guide to Pronunciation, § 11.

Roundel

Roun"del (?), n. [OF. rondel a roundelay, F. rondel, rondeau, a dim. fr. rond; for sense 2, cf. F. rondelle a round, a round shield. See Round, a., and cf. Rondel, Rondelay.]

1. (Mus.) A rondelay. "Sung all the roundel lustily." Chaucer.

Come, now a roundel and a fairy song. Shak.

2. Anything having a round form; a round figure; a circle.

The Spaniards, casting themselves into roundels, . . . made a flying march to Calais. Bacon.
Specifically: (a) A small circular shield, sometimes not more than a foot in diameter, used by soldiers in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. (b) (Her.) A circular spot; a sharge in the form of a small circle. (c) (Fort.) A bastion of a circular form.

Roundelay

Round"e*lay (?), n. [OF. rondelet, dim. of rondel. See Roundel, Roundeau, and cf. Roundlet, Rundlet.]

1. (Poetry) See Rondeau, and Rondel.

2. (Mus.) (a) A tune in which a simple strain is often repeated; a simple rural strain which is short and lively. Spenser. Tennyson. (b) A dance in a circle.

3. Anything having a round form; a roundel.

Rounder

Round"er (?), n.

1. One who rounds; one who comes about frequently or regularly.

2. A tool for making an edge or surface round.

3. pl. An English game somewhat resembling baseball; also, another English game resembling the game of fives, but played with a football.

Now we play rounders, and then we played prisoner's base. Bagehot.

Roundfish

Round"fish (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any ordinary market fish, exclusive of flounders, sole, halibut, and other flatfishes. (b) A lake whitefish (Coregonus quadrilateralis), less compressed than the common species. It is very abundant in British America and Alaska.

Roundhead

Round"head` (?), n. (Eng. Hist.) A nickname for a Puritan. See Roundheads, the, in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction. Toone.

Roundheaded

Round"head`ed, a. Having a round head or top.

Roundhouse

Round"house` (?), n.

1. A constable's prison; a lockup, watch-house, or station house. [Obs.]

2. (Naut.) (a) A cabin or apartament on the after part of the quarter-deck, having the poop for its roof; -- sometimes called the coach. (b) A privy near the bow of the vessel.

3. A house for locomotive engines, built circularly around a turntable.

Rounding

Round"ing, a. Round or nearly round; becoming round; roundish.

Rounding

Round"ing, n.

1. (Naut.) Small rope, or strands of rope, or spun yarn, wound round a rope to keep it from chafing; -- called also service.

2. (Phonetics) Modifying a speech sound by contraction of the lip opening; labializing; labialization. See Guide to Pronunciation, § 11.

Roundish

Round"ish, a. Somewhat round; as, a roundish seed; a roundish figure. -- Round"ish*ness, n.

Roundlet

Round"let (?), n. A little circle. J. Gregory.

Roundly

Round"ly, adv.

1. In a round form or manner.

2. Openly; boldly; peremptorily; plumply.

He affirms everything roundly. Addison.

3. Briskly; with speed. locke.

Two of the outlaws walked roundly forward. Sir W. Scott.

4. Completely; vigorously; in earnest. Shak.

5. Without regard to detail; in gross; comprehensively; generally; as, to give numbers roundly.

In speaking roundly of this period. H. Morley.

Roundness

Round"ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being round in shape; as, the roundness of the globe, of the orb of the sun, of a ball, of a bowl, a column, etc.

2. Fullness; smoothness of flow; as, the roundness of a period; the roundness of a note; roundness of tone.

3. Openess; plainess; boldness; positiveness; as, the roundness of an assertion. Syn. -- Circularity; sphericity; globosity; globularity; globularness; orbicularness; cylindricity; fullness; plumpness; rotundity.

Roundridge

Round"ridge` (?), v. t. (Agric.) To form into round ridges by plowing. B. Edwards.

Round-shouldered

Round"-shoul`dered (?), a. Having the shoulders stooping or projecting; round-backed.

Roundsman

Rounds"man (?), n.; pl. Roundsmen (. A patrolman; also, a policeman who acts as an inspector over the rounds of the patrolmen.

Roundtop

Round"top` (?), n. (Naut.) A top; a platform at a masthead; -- so called because formerly round in shape.

Round-up

Round"-up` (?), n. The act of collecting or gathering together scattered cattle by riding around them and driving them in. [Western U.S.]

Roundure

Roun"dure (?; 135), n. [Cf. Rondure.] Roundness; a round or circle. [Obs.] Shak.

Roundworm

Round"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A nematoid worm.

Roundy

Round"y (?), a. Round. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

Roup

Roup (?), v. i. & t. [Cf. AS. hrrufen, Goth. hr. Cf. Roop.] To cry or shout; hence, to sell by auction. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Roup

Roup, n.

1. An outcry; hence, a sale of gods by auction. [Scot.] Jamieson.

To roup, that is, the sale of his crops, was over. J. C. Shairp.

2. A disease in poultry. See Pip.

Rousant

Rous"ant (?), a. (her.) Rising; -- applied to a bird in the attitude of rising; also, sometmes, to a bird in profile with wings addorsed.

Rouse

Rouse (rouz ∨ rous), v. i. & t. [Perhaps the same word as rouse to start up, "buckle to."] (Naut.) To pull or haul strongly and all together, as upon a rope, without the assistance of mechanical appliances.

Rouse

Rouse (rouz), n. [Cf. D. roes drunkeness, icel. r, Sw. rus, G. rauchen, and also E. rouse, v.t., rush, v.i. Cf. Row a disturbance.]

1. A bumper in honor of a toast or health. [Obs.] Shak.

2. A carousal; a festival; a drinking frolic.

Fill the cup, and fill the can, Have a rouse before the morn. Tennyson.

Rouse

Rouse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Roused (rouzd); p. pr. & vb. n. Rousing.] [Probably of Scan. origin; cf. Sw. rusa to rush, Dan. ruse, AS. hre\'a2san to fall, rush. Cf. Rush, v.]

1. To cause to start from a covert or lurking place; as, to rouse a deer or other animal of the chase.

Like wild boars late roused out of the brakes. Spenser.
Rouse the fleet hart, and cheer the opening hound. Pope.

2. To wake from sleep or repose; as, to rouse one early or suddenly.

3. To excite to lively thought or action from a state of idleness, languor, stupidity, or indifference; as, to rouse the faculties, passions, or emotions.

To rouse up a people, the most phlegmatic of any in Christendom. Atterbury.

4. To put in motion; to stir up; to agitate.

Blustering winds, which all night long Had roused the sea. Milton.

5. To raise; to make erect. [Obs.] Spenser. Shak.

Rouse

Rouse, v. i.

1. To get or start up; to rise. [Obs.]

Night's black agents to their preys do rouse. Shak.

2. To awake from sleep or repose.

Morpheus rouses from his bed. Pope.

3. To be exited to thought or action from a state of indolence or inattention.

Rouser

Rous"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rouses.

2. Something very exciting or great. [Colloq.]

3. (Brewing) A stirrer in a copper for boiling wort.

Rousing

Rous"ing (?), a.

1. Having power to awaken or excite; exciting.

I begin to feel Some rousing motions in me. Milton.

2. Very great; violent; astounding; as, a rousing fire; a rousing lie. [Colloq.]

Rousingly

Rous"ing*ly, adv. In a rousing manner.

Roussette

Rous*sette" (?), n. [F.; -- so called in allusion to the color. See Russet.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A fruit bat, especially the large species (Pieropus vulgaris) inhabiting the islands of the Indian ocean. It measures about a yard across the expanded wings.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any small shark of the genus Scyllium; -- called also dogfish. See Dogfish.

Roust

Roust (roust), v. t. To rouse; to disturb; as, to roust one out. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]

Roust

Roust, n. [Cf. Icel. r\'94st an estuary.] A strong tide or current, especially in a narrow channel. [Written also rost, and roost.] Jamieson.

Roustabout

Roust"a*bout` (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A laborer, especially a deck hand, on a river steamboat, who moves the cargo, loads and unloads wood, and the like; in an opprobrious sense, a shiftless vagrant who lives by chance jobs. [Western U.S.]

Rout

Rout (rout), v. i. [AS. hr&umac;tan.] To roar; to bellow; to snort; to snore loudly. [Obs. or Scot.] Chaucer.

Rout

Rout, n. A bellowing; a shouting; noise; clamor; uproar; disturbance; tumult. Shak.
This new book the whole world makes such a rout about. Sterne.
"My child, it is not well," I said, "Among the graves to shout; To laugh and play among the dead, And make this noisy rout." Trench.

Rout

Rout, v. t. [A variant of root.] To scoop out with a gouge or other tool; to furrow. To rout out (a) To turn up to view, as if by rooting; to discover; to find. (b) To turn out by force or compulsion; as, to rout people out of bed. [Colloq.]

Rout

Rout, v. i. To search or root in the ground, as a swine. Edwards.

Rout

Rout, n. [OF. route, LL. rupta, properly, a breaking, fr. L. ruptus, p.p. of rumpere to break. See Rupture, reave, and cf. Rote repetition of forms, Route. In some senses this word has been confused with rout a bellowing, an uproar.] [Formerly spelled also route.]

1. A troop; a throng; a company; an assembly; especially, a traveling company or throng. [Obs.] "A route of ratones [rats]." Piers Plowman. "A great solemn route." Chaucer.

And ever he rode the hinderest of the route. Chaucer.
A rout of people there assembled were. Spenser.

2. A disorderly and tumultuous crowd; a mob; hence, the rabble; the herd of common people.

the endless routs of wretched thralls. Spenser.
The ringleader and head of all this rout. Shak.
Nor do I name of men the common rout. Milton.

3. The state of being disorganized and thrown into confusion; -- said especially of an army defeated, broken in pieces, and put to flight in disorder or panic; also, the act of defeating and breaking up an army; as, the rout of the enemy was complete.

thy army . . . Dispersed in rout, betook them all to fly. Daniel.
To these giad conquest, murderous rout to those. pope.

4. (Law) A disturbance of the peace by persons assembled together with intent to do a thing which, if executed, would make them rioters, and actually making a motion toward the executing thereof. Wharton.

5. A fashionable assembly, or large evening party. "At routs and dances." Landor. To put to rout, to defeat and throw into confusion; to overthrow and put to flight.

Rout

Rout, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Routed; p. pr. & vb. n. Routing.] To break the ranks of, as troops, and put them to flight in disorder; to put to rout.
That party . . . that charged the Scots, so totally routed and defeated their whole army, that they fied. Clarendon.
Syn. -- To defeat; discomfit; overpower; overthrow.

Rout

Rout, v. i. To assemble in a crowd, whether orderly or disorderly; to collect in company. [obs.] Bacon.
In all that land no Christian[s] durste route. Chaucer.

Route

Route (r&oomac;t ∨ rout; 277), n. [OE. & F. route, OF. rote, fr. L. rupta (sc. via), fr. ruptus, p.p. of rumpere to break; hence, literally, a broken or beaten way or path. See Rout, and cf. Rut a track.] The course or way which is traveled or passed, or is to be passed; a passing; a course; a road or path; a march.
Wide through the furzy field their route they take. Gay.

Router

Rout"er (?), n. (Carp.) (a) A plane made like a spokeshave, for working the inside edges of circular sashes. (b) A plane with a hooked tool protruding far below the sole, for smoothing the bottom of a cavity.

Routhe

Routhe (?), n. Ruth; sorrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Routinary

Rou"ti*na*ry (?), a. Involving, or pertaining to, routine; ordinary; customary. [R.] Emerson.

Routine

Rou*tine" (?), n. [F., fr. route a path, way, road. See Route, Roterepetition.]

1. A round of business, amusement, or pleasure, daily or frequently pursued; especially, a course of business or offical duties regularly or frequently returning.

2. Any regular course of action or procedure rigidly adhered to by the mere force of habit.

Routinism

Rou*tin""ism (?), n. the practice of doing things with undiscriminating, mechanical regularity.

Routinist

Rou*tin"ist, n. One who habituated to a routine.

Routish

Rout"ish (?), a. Uproarious; riotous. [Obs.]

Routously

Rout"ous*ly (?), adv. (Law) With that violation of law called a rout. See 5th Rout, 4.

Roux

Roux (?), n. [F. beurre roux brown butter.] (Cookery) A thickening, made of flour, for soups and gravies.
Page 1256

Rove

Rove (?), v. t. [perhaps fr. or akin to reeve.]

1. To draw through an eye or aperture.

2. To draw out into falkes; to card, as wool. Jamieson.

3. To twist slightly; to bring together, as slivers of wool or cotton, and twist slightly before spinning.

Rove

Rove (?), n.

1. A copper washer upon which the end of a nail is clinched in boat building.

2. A roll or sliver of wool or cotton drawn out and

Rove

Rove, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Roving.] [Cf. D. rooven to rob; akin to E. reave. See Reave Rob.]

1. To practice robbery on the seas;to wander about on the seas in piracy. [Obs.] Hakluyt.

2. Hence, to wander; to ramble; to rauge; to go, move, or pass without certain direction in any manner, by sailing, walking, riding, flying, or otherwise.

For who has power to walk has power to rove. Arbuthnot.

3. (Archery) To shoot at rovers; hence, to shoot at an angle of elevation, not at point-blank (rovers usually being beyond the point-blank range).

Fair Venusson that with thy cruel dart At that good knoght cunningly didst rove. Spenser.
Syn. -- To wander; roam; range; ramble stroll.

Rove

Rove, v. t.

1. To wander over or through.

Roving the field, i chanced A goodly tree far distant to behold. milton.

2. To plow into ridges by turning the earth of two furrows together.

Rove

Rove, n. The act of wandering; a ramble.
In thy nocturnal rove one moment halt. Young.
Rove beetle (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of beetles of the family Staphylinid\'91, having short elytra beneath which the wings are folded transversely. They are rapid runners, and seldom fly.

Rover

Rov"er (?), n. [D. roover a robber. See Rove, v. i.]

1. One who practices robbery on the seas; a pirate.

Yet Pompey the Great deserveth honor more justly for scouring the seas, and taking from the rovers 846 sail of ships. Holland.

2. One who wanders about by sea or land; a wanderer; a rambler.

3. Hence, a fickle, inconstant person.

4. (Croquet) A ball which has passed through all the hoops and would go out if it hit the stake but is continued in play; also, the player of such a ball.

5. (Archery) (a) Casual marks at uncertain distances. Encyc. Brit. (b) A sort of arrow. [Obs.]

All sorts, flights, rovers, and butt shafts. B. Jonson.
At rovers, at casual marks; hence, at random; as, shooting at rovers. See def. 5 (a) above. Addison.
Bound down on every side with many bands because it shall not run at rovers. Robynson (More's Utopia).

Roving

Rov"ing, n.

1. The operatin of forming the rove, or slightly twisted sliver or roll of wool or cotton, by means of a machine for the purpose, called a roving frame, or roving machine.

2. A roll or sliver of wool or cotton drawn out and slightly twisted; a rove. See 2d Rove, 2. Roving frame, Roving machine, a machine for drawing and twisting roves and twisting roves and winding them on bobbin for the spinning machine.

Roving

Rov"ing, n. The act of one who roves or wanders.

Rovingly

Rov"ing*ly, adv. In a wandering manner.

Rovingness

Rov"ing*ness, n. The state of roving.

Row

Row (?), a. & adv. [See Rough.] Rough; stern; angry. [Obs.] "Lock he never so row." Chaucer.

Row

Row, n. [Abbrev. fr. rouse, n.] A noisy, turbulent quarrel or disturbance; a brawl. [Colloq.] Byron.

Row

Row (?), n. [OE. rowe, rawe, rewe, AS. r\'bew, r; probably akin to D. rij, G. reihe; cf. Skr. r a line, stroke.] A series of persons or things arranged in a continued line; a line; a rank; a file; as, a row of trees; a row of houses or columns.
And there were windows in three rows. 1 Kings vii. 4.
The bright seraphim in burning row. Milton.
Row culture (Agric.), the practice of cultivating crops in drills. -- Row of points (Geom.), the points on a line, infinite in number, as the points in which a pencil of rays is intersected by a line.

Row

Row (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rowing.] [AS. r; akin to D. roeijen, MHG. r\'81ejen, Dan. roe, Sw. ro, Icel. r, L. remus oar, Gr. aritra. &root;8. Cf. Rudder.]

1. To propel with oars, as a boat or vessel, along the surface of water; as, to row a boat.

2. To transport in a boat propelled with oars; as, to row the captain ashore in his barge.

Row

Row, v. i.

1. To use the oar; as, to row well.

2. To be moved by oars; as, the boat rows easily.

Row

Row, n. The act of rowing; excursion in a rowboat.

Rowable

Row"a*ble (?), a. That may be rowed, or rowed upon. "That long barren fen, once rowable." B. Jonson.

Rowan

Row"an (?), n. Rowan tree. Rowan barry, a barry of the rowan tree.

Rowan tree

Row"an tree` (?). [Cf. Sw. r\'94nn, Dan. r\'94nne, Icel. reynir, and L. ornus.] (Bot.) A european tree (Pyrus aucuparia) related to the apple, but with pinnate leaves and flat corymbs of small white flowers followed by little bright red berries. Called also roan tree, and mountain ash. The name is also applied to two American trees of similar habit (Pyrus Americana, and P. sambucifolia).

Rowboat

Row"boat` (?), n. A boat designed to be propelled by oars instead of sails.

Rowdy

Row"dy (?), n.; pl. Rowdies (#). [From Rout, or Row a brawl.] One who engages in rows, or noisy quarrels; a ruffianly fellow. M. Arnold.

Rowdydow

Row"dy*dow (?), n. Hubbub; uproar. [Vulgar]

Rowdydowdy

Row"dy*dow`dy (?), a. Uproarious. [Vulgar]

Rowdyish

Row"dy*ish, a. Resembling a rowdy in temper or conduct; characteristic of a rowdy.

Rowdyism

Row"dy*ism (?), n. the conduct of a rowdy.

Rowed

Rowed (?), a. Formed into a row, or rows; having a row, or rows; as, a twelve-rowed ear of corn.

Rowel

Row"el (?), n. [OF. roele, rouele, properly, a little wheel, F. rouelle collop, slice, LL. rotella a little wheel, dim. of L. rota a wheel. See Roll, and cf. Rota.]

1. The little wheel of a spur, with sharp points.

With sounding whip, and rowels dyed in blood. Cowper.

2. A little flat ring or wheel on horses' bits.

The iron rowels into frothy foam he bit. Spenser.

3. (Far.) A roll of hair, silk, etc., passed through the flesh of horses, answering to a seton in human surgery.

Rowel

Row"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Roweled (?) or Rowelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Roweling or Rowelling.] (Far.) To insert a rowel, or roll of hair or silk, into (as the flesh of a horse). Mortimer.

Rowel bone

Row"el bone` (?). See rewel bone. [Obs.]

Rowen

Row"en (?), n. [Cf. E. rough, OE. row, rowe.] [Called also rowet, rowett, rowings, roughings.]

1. A stubble field left unplowed till late in the autumn, that it may be cropped by cattle.

Turn your cows, that give milk, into your rowens till snow comes. Mortimer.

2. The second growth of grass in a season; aftermath. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]

Rower

Row"er (?), n. One who rows with an oar.

Rowett

Row"ett (?), n. See Rowen.

Rowlock

Row"lock (? colloq. , n. [For oarlock; AS. \'b5rloc, where the second part is skin to G. loch a hole, E. lock a fastening. See Oar, and Lock.] (Naut.) A contrivance or arrangement serving as a fulcrum for an oar in rowing. It consists sometimes of a notch in the gunwale of a boat, sometimes of a pair of pins between which the oar rests on the edge of the gunwale, sometimes of a single pin passing through the oar, or of a metal fork or stirrup pivoted in the gunwale and suporting the oar.

Rown

Rown (?), v. i. & t. see Roun. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rowport

Row"port (?), n. (Naut.) An opening in the side of small vessels of war, near the surface of the water, to facilitate rowing in calm weather.

Roxburgh

Rox"burgh (?; Scot. , n. [From the third duke of Roxburgh (Scotland), a noted book collector who had his books so bound.] A style of bookbinding in which the back is plain leather, the sides paper or cloth, the top gilt-edged, but the front and bottom left uncut.

Roy

Roy (roi), n. [F. roi.] A king. [obs.]

Roy

Roy, a. Royal. [Obs.] Chapman.

Royal

Roy"al (?), a. [OE. roial, riall, real, OF. roial. reial, F. royal, fr. L. regalis, fr. rex, regis, king. See Rich, and cf. regal, real a coin, Rial.]

1. Kingly; pertaining to the crown or the sovereign; suitable for a king or queen; regal; as, royal power or prerogative; royal domains; the royal family; royal state.

2. Noble; generous; magnificent; princely.

How doth that royal merchant, good Antonio? Shak.

3. Under the patronage of royality; holding a charter granted by the sovereign; as, the Royal Academy of Arts; the Royal Society. Battle royal. See under Battle. -- Royal bay (Bot.), the classic laurel (Laurus nobilis.) -- Royal eagle. (Zo\'94l.) See Golden eagle, under Golden. -- Royal fern (Bot.), the handsome fern Osmunda regalis. See Osmund. -- Royal mast (Naut.), the mast next above the topgallant mast and usually the highest on a square-rigged vessel. The royal yard and royal sail are attached to the royal mast. -- Royal metal, an old name for gold. -- Royal palm (Bot.), a magnificent West Indian palm tree (Oreodoxa regia), lately discovered also in Florida. -- Royal pheasant. See Curassow. -- Royal purple, an intense violet color, verging toward blue. -- Royal tern (Zo\'94l.), a large, crested American tern (Sterna maxima). -- Royal tiger. (Zo\'94l.) See Tiger. -- Royal touch, the touching of a diseased person by the hand of a king, with the view of restoring to health; -- formerly extensively practiced, particularly for the scrofula, or king's evil. Syn. -- Kingly; regal; monarchical; imperial; kinglike; princely; august; majestic; superb; splendid; illustrious; noble; magnanimous.

Royal

Roy"al, n.

1. Printing and writing papers of particular sizes. See under paper, n.

2. (Naut.) A small sail immediately above the topgallant sail. Totten.

3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the upper or distal branches of an antler, as the third and fourth tynes of the antlers of a stag.

4. (Gun.) A small mortar.

5. (Mil.) One of the soldiers of the first regiment of foot of the British army, formerly called the Royals, and supposed to be the oldest regular corps in Europe; -- now called the Royal Scots.

6. An old English coin. See Rial.

Royalet

Roy"al*et (?), n. A petty or powerless king. [R.]
there were at this time two other royalets, as only kings by his leave. Fuller.

Royalism

Roy"al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. royalisme.] the principles or conduct of royalists.

Royalist

Roy"al*ist, n. [Cf. F. royaliste.] An adherent of a king (as of Charles I. in England, or of the Bourbons in france); one attached to monarchical government.
Where Ca'ndish fought, the Royalists prevailed. Waller.

Royalization

Roy`al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of making loyal to a king. [R.] Saintsbury.

Royalize

Roy"al*ize (?), v. t. to make royal. Shak.

Royally

Roy"al*ly (?), adv. In a royal or kingly manner; like a king; as becomes a king.
His body shall be royally interred. Dryden.

Royalty

Roy"al*ty (?), n.; pl. Royalties (#). [OF. roialt\'82, royault\'82, F. royaut\'82. See Royal, and cf. Regality.]

1. The state of being royal; the condition or quality of a royal person; kingship; kingly office; sovereignty.

Royalty by birth was the sweetest way of majesty. Holyday.

2. The person of a king or sovereign; majesty; as, in the presence of royalty.

For thus his royalty doth speak. Shak.

3. An emblem of royalty; -- usually in the plural, meaning regalia. [Obs.]

Wherefore do I assume These royalties, and not refuse to reign? Milton.

4. Kingliness; spirit of regal authority.

In his royalty of nature Reigns that which would be fear'd. Shak.

5. Domain; province; sphere. Sir W. Scott.

6. That which is due to a sovereign, as a seigniorage on gold and silver coined at the mint, metals taken from mines, etc.; the tax exacted in lieu of such share; imperiality.

7. A share of the product or profit (as of a mine, forest, etc.), reserved by the owner for permitting another to use the property.

8. Hence (Com.), a duty paid by a manufacturer to the owner of a patent or a copyright at a certain rate for each article manufactured; or, a percentage paid to the owner of an article by one who hires the use of it.

Royne

Royne (roin), v. t. [F. rogner, OF. rooignier, to clip, pare, scare, fr. L. rotundus round See Rotund.] To bite; to gnaw. [Written also roin.] [Obs.] Spenser.

Roynish

Royn"ish, a. [F. rogneux, from rogne scab, mange, itch.] Mangy; scabby; hence, mean; paltry; troublesome. [Written also roinish.] [Obs.] "The roynish clown." Shak.

Royster, Roysterer

Roys"ter (?), Roys"ter*er (?), n. same as Roister, Roisterer.

Royston crow

Roys"ton crow` (?). [So called from Royston, a town in England.] (Zo\'94l.) See Hooded crow, under Hooded.

Roytelet

Roy"te*let (?), n. [F. roitelet, dim. of roi king.] A little king. [Archaic] Heylin. Bancroft.

Roytish

Roy"tish (?), a. [Prob. for riotish, from riot, like Scot. roytous for riotous.] Wild; irregular. [Obs.]

Rub

Rub (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rubbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rubbing.] [Probably of Celtic origin; cf. W. rhwbiaw, gael. rub.]

1. To subject (a body) to the action of something moving over its surface with pressure and friction, especially to the action of something moving back and forth; as, to rub the flesh with the hand; to rub wood with sandpaper.

It shall be expedient, after that body is cleaned, to rub the body with a coarse linen cloth. Sir T. Elyot.

2. To move over the surface of (a body) with pressure and friction; to graze; to chafe; as, the boat rubs the ground.

3. To cause (a body) to move with pressure and friction along a surface; as, to rub the hand over the body.

Two bones rubbed hard against one another. Arbuthnot.

4. To spread a substance thinly over; to smear.

The smoothed plank, . . . New rubbed with balm. Milton.

5. To scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse; -- often with up or over; as, to rub up silver.

The whole business of our redemption is to rub over the defaced copy of the creation. South.

6. To hinder; to cross; to thwart. [R.]

'T is the duke's pleasure, Whose disposition, all the world well knows, Will not be rubbed nor stopped. Shak.
To rub down. (a) To clean by rubbing; to comb or curry; as, to down a horse. (b) To reduce or remove by rubbing; as, to rub down the rough points. -- To rub off, to clean anything by rubbing; to separate by friction; as, to rub off rust. -- To rub out, to remove or separate by friction; to erase; to obliterate; as, to rub out a mark or letter; to rub out a stain. -- To rub up. (a) To burnish; to polish; to clean. (b) To excite; to awaken; to rouse to action; as, to rub up the memory.

Rub

Rub, v. i.

1. To move along the surface of a body with pressure; to grate; as, a wheel rubs against the gatepost.

2. To fret; to chafe; as, to rub upon a sore.

3. To move or pass with difficulty; as, to rub through woods, as huntsmen; to rub through the world. To rub along or on, to go on with difficulty; as, they manage, with strict economy, to rub along. [Colloq.]

Rub

Rub, n. [Cf. W. rhwb. See Rub, v,t,]

1. The act of rubbing; friction.

2. That which rubs; that which tends to hinder or obstruct motion or progress; hindrance; obstruction, an impediment; especially, a difficulty or obstruction hard to overcome; a pinch.

Every rub is smoothed on our way. Shak.
To sleep, perchance to dream; ay, there's the rub. Shak.
Upon this rub, the English ambassadors thought fit to demur. Hayward.
One knows not, certainly, what other rubs might have been ordained for us by a wise Providence. W. Besant.

3. Inequality of surface, as of the ground in the game of bowls; unevenness. Shak.

4. Something grating to the feelings; sarcasm; joke; as, a hard rub.

5. Imperfection; failing; fault. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

6. A chance. [Obs.]

Flight shall leave no Greek a rub. Chapman.

7. A stone, commonly flat, used to sharpen cutting tools; a whetstone; -- called also rubstone. Rub iron, an iron guard on a wagon body, against which a wheel rubs when cramped too much.

Ruba-dub

Rub"a-dub (?), n. The sound of a drum when continuously beaten; hence, a clamorous, repeated sound; a clatter.
The rubadub of the abolition presses. D. Webster.

Page 1257

Rubato

Ru*ba"to (?), a. [It.] Robbed; borrowed. Temple rubato. [It.] (Mus.) Borrowed time; -- a term applied to a style of performance in which some tones are held longer than their legitimate time, while others are proportionally curtailed.

Rubbage

Rub"bage (?; 48), n. Rubbish. [Obs.]

Rubber

Rub"ber (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rubs. Specifically: (a) An instrument or thing used in rubbing, polishing, or cleaning. (b) A coarse file, or the rough part of a file. (c) A whetstone; a rubstone. (d) An eraser, usually made of caoutchouc. (e) The cushion of an electrical machine. (f) One who performs massage, especially in a Turkish bath. (g) Something that chafes or annoys; hence, something that grates on the feelings; a sarcasm; a rub. Thackeray.

2. In some games, as whist, the odd game, as the third or the fifth, when there is a tie between the players; as, to play the rubber; also, a contest determined by the winning of two out of three games; as, to play a rubber of whist. Beaconsfield. "A rubber of cribbage." Dickens.

3. India rubber; caoutchouc.

4. An overshoe made of India rubber. [Colloq.] <-- 5. A condom. [Colloq.] --> Antimony rubber, an elastic durable variety of vulcanized caoutchouc of a red color. It contains antimony sulphide as an important constituent. -- Hard rubber, a kind of vulcanized caoutchouc which nearly resembles horn in texture, rigidity, etc. -- India rubber, caoutchouc. See Caoutchouc. -- Rubber cloth, cloth covered with caoutchouc for excluding water or moisture. -- Rubber dam (Dentistry), a shield of thin sheet rubber clasped around a tooth to exclude saliva from the tooth.

Rubbidge

Rub"bidge (?), n. Rubbish. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Rubbing

Rub"bing, a. & n. from Rub, v.

Rubbish

Rub"bish (?), n. [OE. robows, robeux, rubble, originally an Old French plural from an assumed dim. of robe, probably in the sense of trash; cf. It. robaccia trash, roba stuff, goods, wares, robe. Thus, etymologically rubbish is the pl. of rubble. See Robe, and cf. Rubble.] Waste or rejected matter; anything worthless; valueless stuff; trash; especially, fragments of building materials or fallen buildings; ruins; d\'82bris.
What rubbish and what offal! Shak.
he saw the town's one half in rubbish lie. Dryden.
Rubbish pulley. See Gin block, under Gin.

Rubbish

Rub"bish (?), a. Of or pertaining to rubbish; of the quality of rubbish; trashy. De Quincey.

Rubble

Rub"ble (?), n. [From an assumed Old French dim. of robe See Rubbish.]

1. Water-worn or rough broken stones; broken bricks, etc., used in coarse masonry, or to fill up between the facing courses of walls.

Inside [the wall] there was rubble or mortar. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

2. Rough stone as it comes from the quarry; also, a quarryman's term for the upper fragmentary and decomposed portion of a mass of stone; brash. Brande & C.

3. (Geol.) A mass or stratum of fragments or rock lying under the alluvium, and derived from the neighboring rock. Lyell.

4. pl. The whole of the bran of wheat before it is sorted into pollard, bran, etc. [Prov.Eng.] Simmonds. Coursed rubble, rubble masonry in which courses are formed by leveling off the work at certain heights.

Rubblestone

Rub"ble*stone` (?), n. See Rubble, 1 and 2.

Rubblework

Rub"ble*work` (?), n. Masonry constructed of unsquared stones that are irregular in size and shape.

Rubbly

Rub"bly (?), a. Relating to, or containing, rubble.

Rubedinous

Ru*bed"i*nous (?), a. [L. rubedo redness, fr. rubere to be red.] Reddish. [R.] M. Stuart.

Rubefacient

Ru`be*fa"cient (?), a. [L. rubefaciens, p.pr. of rubefacere to make red; rubere to be red + facere to make.] Making red. -- n. (Med.) An external application which produces redness of the skin.

Rubefaction

Ru`be*fac"tion (?), n. The act or process of making red.

Rubelet

Ru"be*let (r&udd;"b&esl;*l&ecr;t), n. A little ruby. Herrick.

Rubella

Ru*bel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. rubellus reddish.] (Med.) An acute specific disease with a dusky red cutaneous eruption resembling that of measles, but unattended by catarrhal symptoms; -- called also German measles.

Rubell

Ru*bell" (?), n. [L. rubellus reddish.] A red color used in enameling. Weale.

Rubellite

Ru"bel*lite (?), n. [L. rubellus reddish, dim. of ruber red.] (Min.) A variety of tourmaline varying in color from a pale rose to a deep ruby, and containing lithium.

Rubeola

Ru*be"o*la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. ruber red.] (Med.) (a) the measles. (b) Rubella.

Ruberythrinic

Ru`ber*y*thrin"ic (?), a. [L. ruber red + erythrin.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid extracted from madder root. It is a yellow crystalline substance from which alizarin is obtained.

Rubescence

Ru*bes"cence (?), n. The quality or state of being rubescent; a reddening; a flush.

Rubescent

Ru*bes"cent (?), a. [L. rubescens, -entis, p.pr. of rubescere to grow red, v. incho from rubere to be red: cf. F. rubescent. See Ruby.] Growing or becoming red; tending to redness.

Rubiaceous

Ru`bi*a"ceous (?), a. [L. rubia madder, fr. rubeus red.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a very large natural order of plants (Rubiace\'91) named after the madder (Rubia tinctoria), and including about three hundred and seventy genera and over four thousand species. Among them are the coffee tree, the trees yielding peruvian bark and quinine, the madder, the quaker ladies, and the trees bearing the edible fruits called genipap and Sierre Leone peach, besides many plants noted for the beauty or the fragrance of their blossoms.

Rubiacin

Ru"bi*a*cin (?), n. [L. rubia madder, fr. rubeus red.] (Chem) A substance found in madder root, and probably identical with ruberythrinic acid.

Rubian

Ru"bi*an (?), n. [L. rubia madder, fr. rubeus red.] (Chem.) One of several color-producing glycosides found in madder root.

Rubianic

Ru`bi*an"ic (?), a. (Chem.) pertaining to, or derived from, rubian; specifically, designating an acid called also ruberythrinic acid. [Obs.]

Ru bible

Ru" bi*ble (?), n. A ribble. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rubican

Ru"bi*can (?), a. [F.] Colored a prevailing red, bay, or black, with flecks of white or gray especially on the flanks; -- said of horses. Smart.

Rubicelle

Ru"bi*celle (?), n. [Cf. F. rubacelle, rubicelle, fr. L. rubeus red, reddish.] (Min.) A variety of ruby of a yellowish red color, from Brazil.

Rubicon

Ru"bi*con (?), n. (Anc. geog.) A small river which separated Italy from Cisalpine Gaul, the province alloted to Julius C\'91sar. &hand; By leading an army across this river, contrary to the prohibition of the civil government at Rome, C\'91sar precipitated the civil war which resulted in the death of Pompey and the overthrow of the senate; hence, the phrase to pass or cross the Rubicon signifies to take the decisive step by which one is committed to a hazardous enterprise from which there is no retreat.

Rubicund

Ru"bi*cund (?), a. [L. rubicundus, fr. rubere to be red, akin to ruber red. See Red.] Inclining to redness; ruddy; red. "His rubicund face." Longfellow.

Rubicundity

Ru`bi*cun"di*ty (?), n. [LL. rubicunditas.] The quality or state of being rubicund; ruddiness.
To parade your rubicundity and gray hairs. Walpole.

Rubidic

Ru*bid"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to rubidium; containing rubidium.

Rubidine

Ru"bi*dine (? ∨ ?), n. (Chem.) A nitrogenous base homologous with pyridine, obtained from coal tar as an oily liquid, C11H17N; also, any one of the group od metameric compounds of which rubidine is the type.

Rubidium

Ru*bid"i*um (?), n. [NL., fr. L. rubidus red, fr. rubere to be red. So called from two dark red spectroscopic lines by means of which it was discovered in the lepidolite from Rozena, Moravia. See Rubicund.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element. It occurs quite widely, but in small quantities, and always combined. It is isolated as a soft yellowish white metal, analogous to potassium in most of its properties. Symbol Rb. Atomic weight, 85.2.

Rubific

Ru*bif"ic (?), a. [L. ruber red + facere to make.] Making red; as, rubific rays. Grew.

Rubifcation

Ru`bi*fca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. rubification.] The act of making red. Howell.

Rubiform

Ru"bi*form (?), a. [L. ruber red + -form.] Having the nature or quality of red; as, the rubiform rays of the sun. [R.] Sir I. newton.

Rubify

Ru"bi*fy (?), v. t. [Cf. F. rub\'82fier. See Rubific.] To redden. [R.] "Waters rubifying." Chaucer.

Rubiginose, Rubiginous

Ru*big"i*nose` (?), Ru*big"i*nous (?), a. [L. rubiginosus, fr. rubigo, robigo, rust: cf. F. rubigineux.] (Bot.) Having the appearance or color of iron rust; rusty-looking.

Rubigo

Ru*bi"go (?), n. [L. rubigo, robigo, rust of metals, rust, blight.] (bot.) same as Rust, n., 2.

Rubin

Ru"bin (?), n. [Cf. LL. rubinus, It. rubino. See Ruby.] A ruby. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rubious

Ru"bi*ous (?), a. [L. rubeus, fr. rubere to be red. See Rouge.] Red; ruddy. [Obs.] Shak.

Rubiretin

Ru`bi*re"tin (?), n. [Rubian + Gr. (Chem.) One of the red dye products extracted from madder root, and probably identical with ruberythrinic acid.

Ruble

Ru"ble (?), n. [Russ. ruble.] The unit of monetary value in Russia. <-- and, 1917-1992, in the Soviet Union --> It is divided into 100 copecks, and in the gold coin of the realm (as in the five and ten ruble pieces) is worth about 77 cents. The silver ruble is a coin worth about 60 cents. [Written also rouble.]<-- After the severe inflation of 1992-1996, the ruble is now exchanged at 5000 rubles to the dollar. Th Kopeck is no longer minted or used in trade, the smallest coin (1996) being the ruble. -->

Rubric

Ru"bric (?), n. [OE. rubriche, OF. rubriche, F. rubrique ( cf. it. rubrica), fr. L. rubrica red earth for coloring, red chalk, the title of a law (because written in red), fr. ruber red. See red.] That part of any work in the early manuscripts and typography which was colored red, to distinguish it from other portions. Hence, specifically: (a) A titlepage, or part of it, especially that giving the date and place of printing; also, the initial letters, etc., when printed in red. (b) (Law books) The title of a statute; -- so called as being anciently written in red letters. Bell. (c) (Liturgies) The directions and rules for the conduct of service, formerly written or printed in red; hence, also, an ecclesiastical or episcopal injunction; -- usually in the plural.
All the clergy in England solemnly pledge themselves to observe the rubrics. Hook.
(d) Hence, that which is established or settled, as by authority; a thing definitely settled or fixed. Cowper.
Nay, as a duty, it had no place or rubric in human conceptions before Christianity. De Quincey.
<-- category, class, classification under the rubric of, (See def. (b)) in the category of -->

Rubric

Ru"bric, v. t. To adorn ith red; to redden; to rubricate. [R.] Johnson.

Rubric, Rubrical

Ru"bric (?), Ru"bric*al (?), a.

1. Colored in, or marked with, red; placed in rubrics.

What though my name stood rubric on the walls Or plaistered posts, with claps, in capitals? Pope.

2. Of or pertaining to the rubric or rubrics. "Rubrical eccentricities." C. Kingsley.

Rubricate

Ru"bri*cate (?), a. [L. rubricatus p.p. of rubricare to color red. See Rubric, n.] Marked with red. Sp

Rubricate

Ru"bri*cate (?), v. t. To mark or distinguished with red; to arrange as in a rubric; to establish in a settled and unchangeable form. Foxe.
A system . . . according to which the thoughts of men were to be classed and rubricated forever after. Hare.

Rubrician, Rubricist

Ru*bri"cian (?), Ru"bri*cist (?), n. One skilled in, or tenaciously adhering to, the rubric or rubrics.

Rubricity

Ru*bric"i*ty (?), n. Redness. [R.]

Rubstone

Rub"stone` (?), n. A stone for scouring or rubbing; a whetstone; a rub.

Rubus

Ru"bus (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of rosaceous plants, including the raspberry and blackberry.

Ruby

Ru"by (?), n.; pl. Rubies (#). [F. rubis (cf. Pr. robi), LL. rubinus, robinus, fr. L. rubeus red, reddish, akin to ruber. See Rouge, red.]

1. (Min.) A precious stone of a carmine red color, sometimes verging to violet, or intermediate between carmine and hyacinth red. It is a red crystallized variety of corundum. &hand; Besides the true or Oriental ruby above defined, there are the balas ruby, or ruby spinel, a red variety of spinel, and the rock ruby, a red variety of garnet. <-- artificially produced variants are used in jewelry and in lasers. -->

Of rubies, sapphires, and pearles white. Chaucer.

2. The color of a ruby; carmine red; a red tint.

The natural ruby of your cheeks. Shak.

3. That which has the color of the ruby, as red wine. Hence, a red blain or carbuncle.

4. (Print.) See Agate, n., 2. [Eng.]

5. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of South American humming birds of the genus Clytol\'91ma. The males have a ruby-colored throat or breast. Ruby of arsenic, Ruby of sulphur (Chem.), a glassy substance of a red color and a variable composition, but always consisting chiefly of the disulphide of arsenic; -- called also ruby sulphur. -- Ruby of zinc (Min.), zinc sulphide; the mineral zinc blende or sphalerite. -- Ruby silver (Min.), red silver. See under Red.

Ruby

Ru"by, a. Ruby-colored; red; as, ruby lips.

Ruby

Ru"by, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rubied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rubying.] To make red; to redden. [R.] Pope.

Rubytail

Ru"by*tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A European gold wasp (Chrysis ignita) which has the under side of the abdomen bright red, and the other parts deep bluish green with a metallic luster. The larva is parasitic in the nests of other wasps and of bees.

Ruby-tailed

Ru"by-tailed` (?), a. Having the tail, or lower part of the body, bright red.

Rubythroat

Ru"by*throat` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of humming birds belonging to Trochilus, Calypte, Stellula, and allies, in which the male has on the throat a brilliant patch of red feathers having metallic reflections; esp., the common humming bird of the Eastern United States (Trochilus colubris).

Rubywood

Ru"by*wood` (?), n. red sandalwood. See under Sandalwood.

Rucervine

Ru*cer"vine (?), a. [NL. Rucervus, the genus, fr. NL. Rusa a certain genus of deer (Malay r deer) + Cervus.] (Zo\'94l.) Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus Rucervus, which includes the swamp deer of India.

Ruche

Ruche (?), n. [F. ruche ruche, beehive, OF. rusche a beehive, which was formerly made of the bark of trees; cf. W. rhisg, rhisgl, bark, gael. rusg bark, rind.]

1. A plaited, quilled, or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and bonnets. [Written also rouche.]

2. A pile of arched tiles, used to catch and retain oyster spawn.

Ruching

Ruch"ing, n. A ruche, or ruches collectively.

Ruck

Ruck (?), n. A roc. [Obs. or prov. Eng.] Drayton.

Ruck

Ruck, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Rucked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rucking.] [Icel hrukkast to wrinkle, hrukka wrinkle, fold.] To draw into wrinkles or unsightly folds; to crease; as, to ruck up a carpet. Smart.

Ruck

Ruck, n. [Icel. hrukka. Cf. Ruck, v. t.] A wrinkle or crease in a piece of cloth, or in needlework.

Ruck

Ruck, v. i. [Cf. Dan. ruge to brood, to hatch.] To cower; to huddle together; to squat; to sit, as a hen on eggs. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Gower. South.
The sheep that rouketh in the fold. Chaucer.

Ruck

Ruck, n. [Cf. Ruck.]

1. A heap; a rick. [Prov Eng. & Scot.]

2. The common sort, whether persons or things; as, the ruck in a horse race. [Colloq.]

The ruck in society as a whole. Lond. Sat. Rev.

Ructation

Ruc*ta"tion (?), n. [L. ructatio, fr. ructare to belch: cf. F. ructation.] The act of belching wind.

Ruction

Ruc"tion (?), n. An uproar; a quarrel; a noisy outbreak. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Rud

Rud (?), n. [AS. rudu, akin to re\'a0d red. &root;113. See Red, and cf. Ruddy.]

1. Redness; blush. [Obs.]

2. Ruddle; red ocher.

3. (Zo\'94l.) The rudd.

Rud

Rud, v. t. To make red. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rudd

Rudd (?), n. [See Rud, n.] (Zo\'94l.) A fresh-water European fish of the Carp family (Leuciscus erythrophthalmus). It is about the size and shape of the roach, but it has the dorsal fin farther back, a stouter body, and red irises. Called also redeye, roud, finscale, and shallow. A blue variety is called azurine, or blue roach.

Rudder

Rud"der (?), n. A riddle or sieve. [Prov. Eng.]
Page 1258

Rudder

Rud"der (?), n. [OE. rother, AS. r&omac;&edh;er a paddle; akin to D. roer rudder, oar, G. ruder, OHG. roadar, Sw. roder, ror, Dan. roer, ror. &root; 8. See Row to propel with an oar, and cf. Rother. ]

1. (Naut.) The mechanical appliance by means of which a vessel is guided or steered when in motion. It is a broad and flat blade made of wood or iron, with a long shank, and is fastened in an upright position, usually by one edge, to the sternpost of the vessel in such a way that it can be turned from side to side in the water by means of a tiller, wheel, or other attachment.

2. Fig.: That which resembles a rudder as a guide or governor; that which guides or governs the course.

For rhyme the rudder is of verses. Hudibras.
Balance rudder (Naut.), a rudder pivoted near the middle instead of at the edge, -- common on sharpies. -- Drop rudder (Naut.), a rudder extending below the keel so as to be more effective in steering. -- Rudder chain (Naut.), one of the loose chains or ropes which fasten the rudder to the quarters to prevent its loss in case it gets unshipped, and for operating it in case the tiller or the wheel is broken. -- Rudder coat (Naut.), a covering of tarred canvas used to prevent water from entering the rudderhole. -- Rudder fish. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pilot fish. (b) The amber fish (Seriola zonata), which is bluish having six broad black bands. (c) A plain greenish black American fish (Leirus perciformis); -- called also black rudder fish, logfish, and barrel fish. The name is also applied to other fishes which follow vessels. -- Rudder pendants (Naut.), ropes connected with the rudder chains.

Rudderhead

Rud"der*head` (?), n. (Naut.) The upper end of the rudderpost, to which the tiller is attashed.

Rudderhole

Rud"der*hole (?), n. (Naut.) The hole in the deck through which the rudderpost passes.

Rudderless

Rud"der*less, a. Without a rudder.

Rudderpost

Rud"der*post (?), n. (Naut.) The shank of a rudder, having the blade at one end and the attachments for operating it at the other.

Rudderstock

Rud"der*stock` (?), n. (Naut.) The main part or blade of the rudder, which is connected by hinges, or the like, with the sternpost of a vessel.

Ruddied

Rud"died (?), a. Made ruddy or red.

Ruddily

Rud"di*ly (?), adv. In a ruddy manner. Byron.

Ruddiness

Rud"di*ness, n. The quality or state of being ruddy; as, the ruddiness of the cheeks or the sky.

Ruddle

Rud"dle (?), v. t. To raddle or twist. [Obs.]

Ruddle

Rud"dle, n. A riddle or sieve. [Obs.] Holland.

Ruddle

Rud"dle, n. [See Rud; cf. Reddle.] (Min.) A species of red earth colored by iron sesquioxide; red ocher.

Ruddle

Rud"dle, v. t. To mark with ruddle; to raddle; to rouge. "Their ruddled cheeks." Thackeray.
A fair sheep newly ruddled. Lady M. W. Montagu.

Ruddock

Rud"dock (?), n. [AS. ruddic; cf. W. rhuddog the redbreast. &root;113. See Rud, n.] [Written also raddock.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The European robin. "The tame ruddock and the coward kite." Chaucer.

2. A piece of gold money; -- probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy. Called also red ruddock, and golden ruddock. [Obs.]

Great pieces of gold . . . red ruddocks. Florio.

Ruddy

Rud"dy (?), a. [Compar. Ruddier (?); superl. Ruddiest.] [AS. rudig. See Rud, n.]

1. Of a red color; red, or reddish; as, a ruddy sky; a ruddy flame. Milton.

They were more ruddy in body than rubies. Lam. iv. 7.

2. Of a lively flesh color, or the color of the human skin in high health; as, ruddy cheeks or lips. Dryden. Ruddy duck (Zo\'94l.), an American duck (Erismatura rubida) having a broad bill and a wedge-shaped tail composed of stiff, sharp feathers. The adult male is rich brownish red on the back, sides, and neck, black on the top of the head, nape, wings, and tail, and white on the cheeks. The female and young male are dull brown mixed with blackish on the back; grayish below. Called also dunbird, dundiver, ruddy diver, stifftail, spinetail, hardhead, sleepy duck, fool duck, spoonbill, etc. -- Ruddy plover (Zo\'94l.) the sanderling.

Ruddy

Rud"dy, v. t. To make ruddy. [R.] Sir W. Scott.

Rude

Rude (?), a. [Compar. Ruder (?); superl. Rudest.] [F., fr. L. rudis.]

1. Characterized by roughness; umpolished; raw; lacking delicacy or refinement; coarse.

Such gardening tools as art, yet rude, . . . had formed. Milton.

2. Hence, specifically: (a) Unformed by taste or skill; not nicely finished; not smoothed or polished; -- said especially of material things; as, rude workmanship. "Rude was the cloth." Chaucer.

Rude and unpolished stones. Bp. Stillingfleet.
The heaven-born child All meanly wrapt in the rude manger lies. Milton.
(b) Of untaught manners; unpolished; of low rank; uncivil; clownish; ignorant; raw; unskillful; -- said of persons, or of conduct, skill, and the like. "Mine ancestors were rude." <-- impolite. --> Chaucer.
He was but rude in the profession of arms. Sir H. Wotton.
the rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep. Gray.
(c) Violent; tumultuous; boisterous; inclement; harsh; severe; -- said of the weather, of storms, and the like; as, the rude winter.
[Clouds] pushed with winds, rude in their shock. Milton.
The rude agitation [of water] breaks it into foam. Boyle.
(d) Barbarous; fierce; bloody; impetuous; -- said of war, conflict, and the like; as, the rude shock of armies. (e) Not finished or complete; inelegant; lacking chasteness or elegance; not in good taste; unsatisfactory in mode of treatment; -- said of literature, language, style, and the like. "The rude Irish books." Spenser.
Rude am I in my speech. Shak.
Unblemished by my rude translation. Dryden.
Syn. -- Impertinent; rough; uneven; shapeless; unfashioned; rugged; artless; unpolished; uncouth; inelegant; rustic; coarse; vulgar; clownish; raw; unskillful; untaught; illiterate; ignorant; uncivil; impolite; saucy; impudent; insolent; surly; currish; churlish; brutal; uncivilized; barbarous; savage; violent; fierce; tumultuous; turbulent; impetuous; boisterous; harsh; inclement; severe. See Impertiment. -- Rude"ly (#), adv. -- Rude"ness, n.

Rudenture

Ru"den*ture (?; 135), n. [F., fr. L. rudens a rope.] (Arch.) Cabling. See Cabling. gwilt.

Ruderary

Ru"de*ra*ry (?), a. [L. ruderarius, fr. rudus, ruderis, stones crushed and mixed with lime, old rubbish.] Of or pertaining to rubbish.. [Obs.] Bailey.

Rudesby

Rudes"by (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] An uncivil, turbulent fellow. [Obs.] Shak.

R\'81desheimer

R\'81"des*heim`er (?), n. A German wine made near R\'81desheim, on the Rhine.

Rudiment

Ru"di*ment (?), n. [L. rudimentum, fr. rudis unwrought, ignorant, rude: cf. F. rudiment. See Rude.]

1. That which is unformed or undeveloped; the principle which lies at the bottom of any development; an unfinished beginning.

but I will bring thee where thou soon shalt quit Those rudiments, and see before thine eyes The monarchies of the earth. Milton.
the single leaf is the rudiment of beauty in landscape. I. Taylor.

2. Hence, an element or first principle of any art or science; a beginning of any knowledge; a first step.

This boy is forest-born, And hath been tutored in the rudiments of many desperate studies. Shak.
There he shall first lay down the rudiments Of his great warfare. Milton.

3. (Biol.) An imperfect organ or part, or one which is never developed.

Rudiment

Ru"di*ment, v. t. To furnish with first principles or rules; to insrtuct in the rudiments. Gayton.

Rudimental

Ru`di*men"tal (?), a. Rudimentary. Addison.

Rudimentary

Ru`di*men"ta*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. rudimentaire.]

1. Of or pertaining to rudiments; consisting in first principles; elementary; initial; as, rudimental essays.

2. (Biol.) Very imperfectly developed; in an early stage of development; embryonic.

Rudish

Rud"ish (?), a. Somewhat rude. Foote.

Rudistes

Ru*dis"tes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. rudis rough.] (Paleon.) An extinct order or suborder of bivalve mollusks characteristic of the Cretaceous period; -- called also Rudista. See Illust. under Hippurite.

Rudity

Ru"di*ty (?), n. [L. ruditas ignorance, fr. rudis rude, illiterate.] Rudeness; ignorance. [R.]

Rudmasday

Rud"mas*day (?), n. [See Rood, Mass, Day.] (R.C.Ch.) Either of the feasts of the Holy Cross, occuring on May 3 and September 14, annually.

Rudolphine

Ru*dolph"ine (?), a. Pertaining to, or designating, a set of astronomical tables computed by Kepler, and founded on the observations of Tycho Brahe; -- so named from Rudolph II., emperor of Germany.

Rue

Rue (?), n. [F. rue, L. ruta, akin to Gr. r.]

1. (Bot.) A perennial suffrutescent plant (Ruta graveolens), having a strong, heavy odor and a bitter taste; herb of grace. It is used in medicine.

Then purged with euphrasy and rue The visual nerve, for he had much to see. Milton.
They [the exorcists] are to try the devil by holy water, incense, sulphur, rue, which from thence, as we suppose, came to be called herb of grace. Jer. Taylor.

2. Fig.: Bitterness; disappointment; grief; regret. Goat's rue. See under Goat. -- Rue anemone, a pretty springtime flower (Thalictrum anemonides) common in the United States. -- Wall rue, a little fern (Asplenium Ruta-muraria) common on walls in Europe.

Rue

Rue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruing.] [OE. rewen, reouwen, to grive, make sorry, AS. hre\'a2wan; akin to OS. hrewan, D. rouwen, OHG. hriuwan, G. reun, Icel. hruggr grieved, hrug&edh; sorrow. &root; 18. Cf. Ruth.]

1. To lament; to regret extremely; to grieve for or over. Chaucer.

I wept to see, and rued it from my heart. Chapmen.
Thy will Chose freely what it now so justly rues. Milton.

2. To cause to grieve; to afflict. [Obs.] "God wot, it rueth me." Chaucer.

3. To repent of, and withdraw from, as a bargain; to get released from. [Prov. Eng.]

Rue

Rue, v. i.

1. To have compassion. [Obs.]

God so wisly [i. e., truly] on my soul rue. Chaucer.
Which stirred men's hearts to rue upon them. Ridley.

2. To feel sorrow and regret; to repent.

Work by counsel and thou shalt not rue. Chaucer.
Old year, we'll dearly rue for you. Tennyson.

Rue

Rue, n. [AS. hre\'a2w. See Rue, v. t.] Sorrow; repetance. [Obs.] Shak.

Rueful

Rue"ful (?), a.

1. Causing one to rue or lament; woeful; mournful; sorrowful.

2. Expressing sorrow. "Rueful faces." Dryden.

Two rueful figures, with long black cloaks. Sir W. Scott.
-- Rue"ful*ly, adv. -- Rue"ful*ness, n.

Ruell bone

Ru"ell bone` (?). See rewel bone. [Obs.]

Ruelle

Ru*elle" (, n. [F. ruelle a narrow street, a lanrue a street.] A private circle or assembly at a private house; a circle. [Obs.] Dryden.

Rufescent

Ru*fes"cent (?), a. [L. rufescens, p.pr. of rufescere to become reddish, fr. rufus red: cf. F. rufescent.] Reddish; tinged with red.

Ruff

Ruff (?), n. [F. ronfle; cf. It. ronfa, Pg. rufa, rifa.] (Card Playing) (a) A game similar to whist, and the predecessor of it. Nares. (b) The act of trumping, especially when one has no card of the suit led.

Ruff

Ruff, v. i. & t. (Card Playing) To trump.

Ruff

Ruff, n. [Of uncertain origin: cf. Icel. r rough, uncombed, Pr. ruf rude, rough, Sp. rufo frizzed, crisp, curled, G. raufen to pluck, fight, rupfen to pluck, pull, E. rough. &root;18. Cf. Ruffle to wrinkle.]

1. A muslin or linen collar plaited, crimped, or fluted, worn formerly by both sexes, now only by women and children.

Here to-morrow with his best ruff on. Shak.
His gravity is much lessened since the late proclamation came out against ruffs; . . . they were come to that height of excess herein, that twenty shillings were used to be paid for starching of a ruff. Howell.

2. Something formed with plaits or flutings, like the collar of this name.

I reared this flower; . . . Soft on the paper ruff its leaves I spread. Pope.

3. An exhibition of pride or haughtiness.

How many princes . . . in the ruff of all their glory, have been taken down from the head of a conquering army to the wheel of the victor's chariot! L'Estrange.

4. Wanton or tumultuous procedure or conduct. [Obs.]

To ruffle it out in a riotous ruff. Latimer.

5. (Mil.) A low, vibrating beat of a drum, not so loud as a roll; a ruffle.

6. (Mach.) A collar on a shaft ot other piece to prevent endwise motion. See Illust. of Collar.

7. (Zo\'94l.) A set of lengthened or otherwise modified feathers round, or on, the neck of a bird.

8. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A limicoline bird of Europe and Asia (Pavoncella, ∨ Philommachus, pugnax) allied to the sandpipers. The males during the breeding season have a large ruff of erectile feathers, variable in their colors, on the neck, and yellowish naked tubercles on the face. They are polygamous, and are noted for their pugnacity in the breeding season. The female is called reeve, or rheeve. (b) A variety of the domestic pigeon, having a ruff of its neck.

Ruff

Ruff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruffing.]

1. To ruffle; to disorder. Spenser.

2. (Mil.) To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.

3. (Hawking) To hit, as the prey, without fixing it.

Ruff, Ruffe

Ruff, Ruffe (?), n. [OE. ruffe.] (Zo\'94l.) A small freshwater European perch (Acerina vulgaris); -- called also pope, blacktail, and stone, ∨ striped, perch.

Ruffed

Ruffed (?), a. Furnished with a ruff. Ruffed grouse (Zo\'94l.), a North American grouse (Bonasa umbellus) common in the wooded districts of the Northern United States. The male has a ruff of brown or black feathers on each side of the neck, and is noted for the loud drumming sound he makes during the breeding season. Called also tippet grouse, partridge, birch partridge, pheasant, drummer, and white-flesher. -- ruffed lemur (Zo\'94l.), a species of lemur (lemur varius) having a conspicuous ruff on the sides of the head. Its color is varied with black and white. Called also ruffed maucaco.

Ruffian

Ruf"fian (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [F. rufien, OF. ruffen, ruffian, pimp. libertine, ake; cf. pr. & Sp. rufian, It. ruffiano; all perhaps of German or Dutch origin; cf. G. raufen to pluck, scuffle, fight, OD. roffen to pander. Cf. Ruffle to grow urbulent.]

1. A pimp; a pander; also, a paramour. [Obs.]

he [her husband] is no sooner abroad than she is instantly at home, reveling with her ruffians. Bp. Reynolds.

2. A boisterous, cruel, brutal fellow; a desperate fellow ready for murderous or cruel deeds; a cutthroat.

Wilt thou on thy deathbed play the ruffian? Shak.

Ruffian

Ruf"fian, a. brutal; cruel; savagely boisterous; murderous; as, ruffian rage.

Ruffian

Ruf"fian, v. i. To play the ruffian; to rage; to raise tumult. [R.] Shak.

Ruffianage

Ruf"fian*age (?), n. Ruffians, collectively; a body of ruffians. "The vilest ruffianage." Sir F. Palgrave.

Ruffianish

Ruf"fian*ish, a. Having the qualities or manners of a ruffian; ruffianly.

Ruffianlike

Ruf"fian*like` (?), a. Ruffianly. Fulke.

Ruffianly

Ruf"fian*ly, a. Like a ruffian; bold in crimes; characteristic of a ruffian; violent; brutal.

Ruffianous

Ruf"fian*ous (?), a. Ruffianly. [Obs.] Chapman.

Ruffin

Ruf"fin (?), a. [See Ruffian.] Disordered. [Obs.]
His ruffin rainment all was stained with blood. Spenser.

Page 1259

Ruffle

Ruf"fle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruffling (?).] [From Ruff a plaited collar, a drum beat, a tumult: cf. OD. ruyffelen to wrinkle.]

1. To make into a ruff; to draw or contract into puckers, plaits, or folds; to wrinkle.

2. To furnish with ruffles; as, to ruffle a shirt.

3. To oughen or disturb the surface of; to make uneven by agitation or commotion.

The fantastic revelries . . . that so often ruffled the placid bosom of the Nile. I. Taylor.
She smoothed the ruffled seas. Dryden.

4. To erect in a ruff, as feathers.

[the swan] ruffles her pure cold plume. Tennyson.

5. (Mil.) To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.

6. To discompose; to agitate; to disturb.

These ruffle the tranquillity of the mind. Sir W. Hamilton.
But, ever after, the small violence done Rankled in him and ruffled all his heart. Tennyson.

7. To throw into disorder or confusion.

Where best He might the ruffled foe infest. Hudibras.

8. To throw together in a disorderly manner. [R.]

I ruffled up falen leaves in heap. Chapman
To ruffle the feathers of, to exite the resentment of; to irritate.

Ruffle

Ruf"fle (?), v. i. [Perhaps of different origin from ruffle to wrinkle; cf. OD. roffeln, roffen, to pander, LG. raffein, Dan. ruffer a pimp. Cf. Rufflan.]

1. To grow rough, boisterous, or turbulent. [R.]

The night comes on, and the bleak winds Do sorely ruffle. Shak.

2. To become disordered; to play loosely; to flutter.

On his right shoulder his thick mane reclined, Ruffles at speed, and dances in the wind. Dryden.

3. To be rough; to jar; to be in contention; hence, to put on airs; to swagger.

They would ruffle with jurors. Bacon.
Gallants who ruffled in silk and embroidery. Sir W. Scott.

Ruffle

Ruf"fle, n. [See Ruffle, v. t. & i.]

1. That which is ruffled; specifically, a strip of lace, cambric, or other fine cloth, plaited or gathered on one edge or in the middle, and used as a trimming; a frill.

2. A state of being ruffled or disturbed; disturbance; agitation; commotion; as, to put the mind in a ruffle.

3. (Mil.) A low, vibrating beat of a drum, not so loud as a roll; -- called also ruff. H. L. Scott.

4. (Zo\'94l.) The connected series of large egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any one of several species of American marine gastropods of the genus Fulgur. See O\'94theca. Ruffle of a boot, the top turned down, and scalloped or plaited. Halliwell.

Ruffleless

Ruf"fle*less, a. Having no ruffle.

Rufflement

Ruf"fle*ment (?), n. The act of ruffling. [R.]

Ruffler

Ruf"fler (?), n.

1. One who ruffles; a swaggerer; a bully; a ruffian.

Assaults, if not murders, done at his own doors by that crew of rufflers. Milton.

2. That which ruffles; specifically, a sewing machine attachment for making ruffles.

Rufigallic

Ru`fi*gal"lic (?), a. [Rufiopin + gallic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which is obtained from gallic acid as a brown or red crystalline substance, and is related to rufiopin and anthracene.

Rufiopin

Ru`fi*o"pin (?), n. [L. rufus reddish + opianic.] (Chem.) A yellowish red crystalline substance related to anthracene, and obtained from opianic acid.

Rufol

Ru"fol (?), n. [L. rufus reddish + -ol.] (Chem.) A phenol derivative of anthracene obtained as a white crystalline substance, which on oxidation produces a red dyestuff related to anthraquinone.

Rufous

Ru"fous (?), a. [L. rufus.] Reddish; of a yellowish red or brownish red color; tawny.

Ruft

Ruft (?), n. (Med.) Eructation; belching. [Obs.]

Rufterhood

Ruf"ter*hood (?), n. [Cf. Ruff a plaited collar.] (Falconry) A kind of hood for a hawk.

Rug

Rug (?), n. [Cf. Sw. rugg entanglend hair, ruggig rugged, shaggy, probably akin to E. rough. See Rough, a.]

1. A kind of coarse, heavy frieze, formerly used for garments.

They spin the choicest rug in Ireland. A friend of mine . . . repaired to Paris Garden clad in one of these Waterford rugs. The mastiffs, . . . deeming he had been a bear, would fain have baited him. Holinshed.

2. A piece of thick, nappy fabric, commonly made of wool, -- used for various purposes, as for covering and ornamenting part of a bare floor, for hanging in a doorway as a poti\'8are, for protecting a portion of carpet, for a wrap to protect the legs from cold, etc.

3. A rough, woolly, or shaggy dog. Rug gown, a gown made of rug, of or coarse, shaggy cloth. B. Johnson.

Rug

Rug, v. t. To pull roughly or hastily; to plunder; to spoil; to tear. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Ruga

Ru"ga (?), n.; pl. Rug\'91 (#). [L.] (Nat. Hist.) A wrinkle; a fold; as, the rug\'91 of the stomach.

Rugate

Ru"gate (?), a. [L. rugatus, p.p. of rugare to wrinkle, fr. ruga a wrinkle.] Having alternate ridges and depressions; wrinkled. Dana.

Rugged

Rug"ged (?), a. [See Rug, n.]

1. Full of asperities on the surface; broken into sharp or irregular points, or otherwise uneven; not smooth; rough; as, a rugged mountain; a rugged road.

The rugged bark of some broad elm. Milton.

2. Not neat or regular; uneven.

His well-proportioned beard made rough and rugged. Shak.

3. Rough with bristles or hair; shaggy. "The rugged Russian bear." Shak.

4. Harsh; hard; crabbed; austere; -- said of temper, character, and the like, or of persons.

Neither melt nor endear him, but leave him as hard, rugged, and unconcerned as ever. South.

5. Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous; rude. Milton.

6. Rough to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, style, and the like.

Through the harsh cadence of a rugged line. Dryden.

7. Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled; -- said of looks, etc. "Sleek o'er your rugged looks." Shak.

8. Violent; rude; boisterrous; -- said of conduct, manners, etc.

9. Vigorous; robust; hardy; -- said of health, physique, etc. [Colloq. U.S.] Syn. -- Rough; uneven; wrinkled; cragged; coarse; rude; harsh; hard; crabbed; severe; austere; surly; sour; frowning; violent; boisterous; tumultuous; turbulent; stormy; tempestuous; inclement. -- Rug"ged*ly (#), adv. -- Rug"ged*ness, n.

Rugging

Rug"ging (?), n. A coarse kind of woolen cloth, used for wrapping, blanketing, etc.

Rug-gowned

Rug"-gowned (?), a. Wearing a coarse gown or shaggy garment made of rug. Beau. & Fl.

Ruggy

Rug"gy (?), a. Rugged; rough. [Obs.] "With ruggy, ashy hairs." Chaucer.

Rug-headed

Rug"-head`ed (?), a. Having shaggy hair; shock-headed. [Obs.]
Those rough rug-headed kerns. Shak.

Rugin

Rug"in (?), n. A nappy cloth. [Obs.] Wiseman.

Rugine

Ru"gine (?), n. [F.] (Surg.) An instrument for scraping the periosteum from bones; a raspatory.

Rugine

Ru"gine, v. t. [F. ruginer to scrape.] To scrape or rasp, as a bone; to scale. [R.] Wiseman.

Rugosa

Ru*go"sa (?), n. pl. [NL. See Rugose.] (Paleon.) An extinct tribe of fossil corals, including numerous species, many of them of large size. They are characteristic of the Paleozoic formations. The radiating septs, when present, are usually in multiples of four. See Cyathophylloid.

Rugose

Ru*gose" (?), a. [L. rugosus, r. ruga a wrinkle.] Wrinkled; full of wrinkles; specifically (Bot.), having the veinlets sunken and the spaces between them elevated, as the leaves of the sage and horehound.

Rugosity

Ru*gos"i*ty (?), n. [l. rugositas: cf. F. rugosit\'82.] The quality or state of being rugose.

Rugous

Ru"gous (?), a. [Cf. F. rugueux.] Wrinkled; rugose.

Rugulose

Ru`gu*lose" (?), a. Somewhat rugose.

Ruhmkorff's coil

Ruhm"korff's coil` (?). [So called from its inventor, Ruhmkorff, a german physicist.] (Elec.) See Induction coil, under Induction.

Ruin

Ru"in (?), n. [OE. ruine, F. ruine, fr. L. ruina, fr. ruere, rutum, to fall with violence, to rush or tumble down.]

1. The act of falling or tumbling down; fall. [Obs.] "His ruin startled the other steeds." Chapman.

2. Such a change of anything as destroys it, or entirely defeats its object, or unfits it for use; destruction; overthrow; as, the ruin of a ship or an army; the ruin of a constitution or a government; the ruin of health or hopes. "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king!" Gray.

3. That which is fallen down and become worthless from injury or decay; as, his mind is a ruin; especially, in the plural, the remains of a destroyed, dilapidated, or desolate house, fortress, city, or the like.

The Veian and the Gabian towers shall fall, And one promiscuous ruin cover all; Nor, after length of years, a stone betray The place where once the very ruins lay. Addison.
The labor of a day will not build up a virtuous habit on the ruins of an old and vicious character. Buckminster.

4. The state of being dcayed, or of having become ruined or worthless; as, to be in ruins; to go to ruin.

5. That which promotes injury, decay, or destruction.

The errors of young men are the ruin of business. Bacon.
Syn. -- Destruction; downfall; perdition; fall; overthrow; subversion; defeat; bane; pest; mischief.

Ruin

Ru"in, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruined (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Ruining.] [Cf. F. ruiner, LL. ruinare. See Ruin, n.] To bring to ruin; to cause to fall to pieces and decay; to make to perish; to bring to destruction; to bring to poverty or bankruptcy; to impair seriously; to damage essentially; to overthrow.
this mortal house I'll ruin. Shak.
By thee raised, I ruin all my foes. Milton.
The eyes of other people are the eyes that ruin us. Franklin.
By the fireside there are old men seated, Seeling ruined cities in the ashes. Longfellow.

Ruin

Ru"in, v. i. To fall to ruins; to go to ruin; to become decayed or dilapidated; to perish. [R.]
Though he his house of polished marble build, Yet shall it ruin like the moth's frail cell. Sandys.
If we are idle, and disturb the industrious in their business, we shall ruin the faster. Locke.

Ruinable

Ru"in*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being ruined.

Ruinate

Ru"in*ate (?), v. t. [LL. ruinatus, p.p. of ruinare to ruin. See Ruin.]

1. To demolish; to subvert; to destroy; to reduce to poverty; to ruin.

Ruinating thereby the health of their bodies. Burton.

2. To cause to fall; to cast down.

On the other side they saw that perilous rock Threatening itself on them to ruinate. Spenser.

Ruinate

Ru"in*ate, v. i. To fall; to tumble. [Obs.]

Ruinate

Ru"in*ate (?), a. [L. ruinatus, p.p.] Involved in ruin; ruined.
My brother Edward lives in pomp and state, I in a mansion here all ruinate. J. Webster.

Ruination

Ru`in*a"tion (?), n. [LL. ruinatio.] The act of ruining, or the state of being ruined.

Ruiner

Ru"in*er (?), n. One who, or that which, ruins.

Ruiniform

Ru"in*i*form (?), a. [Ruin + -form: cf. F. ruiniforme.] Having the appearance of ruins, or of the ruins of houses; -- said of certain minerals.

Ruinous

Ru"in*ous (?), a. [L. ruinosus: cf. F. ruineux. See Ruin.]

1. Causing, or tending to cause, ruin; destructive; baneful; pernicious; as, a ruinous project.

After a night of storm so ruinous. Milton.

2. Characterized by ruin; ruined; dilapidated; as, an edifice, bridge, or wall in a ruinous state.

3. Composed of, or consisting in, ruins.

Behold, Damascus . . . shall be a ruinous heap. Isa. xvii. 1.
Syn. -- Dilapidated; decayed; demolished; pernicious; destructive; baneful; wasteful; mischievous. -- Ru"in*ous*ly (#), adv. -- Ru"in*ous*ness, n.

Rukh

Rukh (?), n. [Srr Roc.]

1. The roc.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A large bird, supposed by some to be the same as the extinct Epiornis of Madagascar. [Obs.]

Rulble

Rul"*ble (?), a. That may be ruled; subject to rule; accordant or conformable to rule. Bacon.

Rule

Rule (?), n. [OE. reule, riule, OF. riule, reule, F. r\'82gle, fr. L. regula a ruler, rule, model, fr. regere, rectum, to lead straight, to direct. See Right, a., and cf. Regular.]

1. That which is prescribed or laid down as a guide for conduct or action; a governing direction for a specific purpose; an authoritative enactment; a regulation; a prescription; a precept; as, the rules of various societies; the rules governing a school; a rule of etiquette or propriety; the rules of cricket.

We profess to have embraced a religion which contains the most exact rules for the government of our lives. Tillotson.

2. Hence: (a) Uniform or established course of things.

'T is against the rule of nature. Shak.
(b) Systematic method or practice; as, my ule is to rise at six o'clock. (c) Ordibary course of procedure; usual way; comon state or condition of things; as, it is a rule to which there are many exeptions. (d) Conduct in general; behavior. [Obs.]
This uncivil rule; she shall know of it. Shak.

3. The act of ruling; administration of law; government; empire; authority; control.

Obey them that have the rule over you. Heb. xiii. 17.
His stern rule the groaning land obeyed. Pope.

4. (Law) An order regulating the practice of the courts, or an order made between parties to an action or a suit. Wharton.

5. (Math.) A determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result; as, a rule for extracting the cube root.

6. (Gram.) A general principle concerning the formation or use of words, or a concise statement thereof; thus, it is a rule in England, that s or es , added to a noun in the singular number, forms the plural of that noun; but "man" forms its plural "men", and is an exception to the rule.

7. (a) A straight strip of wood, metal, or the like, which serves as a guide in drawing a straight line; a ruler. (b) A measuring instrument consisting of a graduated bar of wood, ivory, metal, or the like, which is usually marked so as to show inches and fractions of an inch, and jointed so that it may be folded compactly.

A judicious artist will use his eye, but he will trust only to his rule. South.

8. (Print.) (a) A thin plate of metal (usually brass) of the same height as the type, and used for printing lines, as between columns on the same page, or in tabular work. (b) A composing rule. See under Conposing. As a rule, as a general thing; in the main; usually; as, he behaves well, as a rule. -- Board rule, Caliber rule,etc. See under Board, Caliber, etc. -- Rule joint, a knuckle joint having shoulders that abut when the connected pieces come in line with each other, and thus permit folding in one direction only. -- Rule of three (Arith.), that rule which directs, when three terms are given, how to find a fourth, which shall have the same ratio to the third term as the second has to the first; proportion. See Proportion, 5 (b). -- Rule of thumb, any rude process or operation, like that of using the thumb as a rule in measuring; hence, judgment and practical experience as distinguished from scientific knowledge. Syn. -- regulation; law; precept; maxim; guide; canon; order; method; direction; control; government; sway; empire.

Rule

Rule, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruling.] [Cf. OF. riuler, ruiler, L. regulare. See Rule, n., and cf. Regulate.]

1. To control the will and actions of; to exercise authority or dominion over; to govern; to manage. Chaucer.

A bishop then must be blameless; . . . one that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection. 1 Tim. iii. 2, 4.

2. To control or direct by influence, counsel, or persuasion; to guide; -- used chiefly in the passive.

I think she will be ruled In all respects by me. Shak.

3. To establish or settle by, or as by, a rule; to fix by universal or general consent, or by common practice.

That's are ruled case with the schoolmen. Atterbury.

4. (Law) To require or command by rule; to give as a direction or order of court.

5. To mark with lines made with a pen, pencil, etc., guided by a rule or ruler; to print or mark with lines by means of a rule or other contrivance effecting a similar result; as, to rule a sheet of paper of a blank book. Ruled surface (Geom.), any surface that may be described by a straight line moving according to a given law; -- called also a scroll.

Rule

Rule, v. i.

1. To have power or command; to exercise supreme authority; -- often followed by over.

By me princes rule, and nobles. Prov. viii. 16.
We subdue and rule over all other creatures. Ray.

2. (Law) To lay down and settle a rule or order of court; to decide an incidental point; to enter a rule. Burril. Bouvier.

3. (Com.) To keep within a (certain) range for a time; to be in general, or as a rule; as, prices ruled lower yesterday than the day before.

Ruleless

Rule"less, a. Destitute of rule; lawless. Spenser.

Rule-monger

Rule"-mon`ger (?), n. A stickler for rules; a slave of rules [R.] Hare.
Page 1260


Page 1260

Ruler

Rul"er (?), n.

1. One who rules; one who exercises sway or authority; a governor.

And he made him ruler over all the land. Gen. xii. 43.
A prince and ruler of the land. Shak.

2. A straight or curved strip of wood, metal, etc., with a smooth edge, used for guiding a pen or pencil in drawing lines. Cf. Rule, n., 7 (a)<-- usu. marked with graduations so that it can be used to measure distances -->. Parallel ruler. See under Parallel.

Ruling

Rul"ing, a.

1. Predominant; chief; reigning; controlling; as, a ruling passion; a ruling sovereign.

2. Used in marking or engraving lines; as, a ruling machine or pen. Syn. -- Predominant; chief; controlling; directing; guilding; governing; prevailing; prevalent.

Ruling

Rul"ing, n.

1. The act of one who rules; ruled lines.

2. (Law) A decision or rule of a judge or a court, especially an oral decision, as in excluding evidence.

Rulingly

Rul"ing*ly, adv. In a ruling manner; so as to rule.

Rullichies

Rul"li*chies (?), n. pl. [Cf. D. rolletje alittle roll.] Chopped meat stuffed into small bags of tripe. They are cut in slices and fried. [Local, New York]

Ruly

Rul"y (?), a. [From Rule.] orderly; easily restrained; -- opposed to unruly. [Obs.] Gascoigne.

Rum

Rum (?), n. [probably shortened from prov. E. rumbullion a great tumult, formerly applied in the island of Barbadoes to an intoxicating liquor.] A kind of intoxicating liquor distilled from cane juice, or from the scumming of the boiled juice, or from treacle or molasses, or from the lees of former distillations. Also, sometimes used colloquially as a generic or a collective name for intoxicating liquor. Rum bud, a grog blossom. [Colloq.] -- Rum shrub, a drink composed of rum, water, sugar, and lime juice or lemon juice, with some flavoring extract.

Rum

Rum, a. [Formerly rome, a slang word for good; possibly of Gypsy origin; cf. Gypsy rom a husband, a gypsy.] Old-fashioned; queer; odd; as, a rum idea; a rum fellow. [Slang] Dickens.

Rum

Rum, n. A queer or odd person or thing; a country parson. [Slang, Obs.] Swift.

Rumble

Rum"ble (?), v. i. [OE. romblen, akin to D. rommeln, G. rumpeln, Dan. rumle; cf. Icel. rumja to roar.]

1. To make a low, heavy, continued sound; as, the thunder rumbles at a distance.

In the mean while the skies 'gan rumble sore. Surrey.
The people cried and rombled up and down. Chaucer.

2. To murmur; to ripple.

To rumble gently down with murmur soft. Spenser.
<--3. to engage in a fight, usu. between street gangs.-->

Rumble

Rum"ble, n.

1. A noisy report; rumor. [Obs.]

Delighting ever in rumble that is new. Chaucer.

2. A low, heavy, continuous sound like that made by heavy wagons or the reverberation of thunder; a confused noise; as, the rumble of a railboard train.

Clamor and rumble, and ringing and clatter. tennyson.
Merged in the rumble of awakening day. H. James.

3. A seat for servants, behind the body of a carriage.

Kit, well wrapped, . . . was in the rumble behind. Dickens.

4. A rotating cask or box in which small articles are smoothed or poliched by friction against each other. <-- rumble seat, a seat in the rear of an automobile, outside the passenger cabin, which folds out from the body -->

Rumble

Rum"ble, v. t. To cause to pass through a rumble, or shaking machine. See Rumble, n., 4.

Rumbler

Rum"bler (?), n. One who, or that which, rumbles.

Rumbling

Rum"bling (?), a. & n. from Rumble, v. i.

Rumblingly

Rum"bling*ly, adv. In a rumbling manner.

Rumbo

Rum"bo (?), n. grog. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott.

Rumbowline

Rum*bow"line (?), n. (Naut.) Same as Rombowline.

Rumen

Ru"men (?), n. [L. rumen, -inis, the throat.]

1. (Anat.) The first stomach of ruminants; the paunch; the fardingbag. See Illust. below.

2. The cud of a ruminant.

Rumican

Ru"mi*can (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline substance found in the root of yellow dock (Rumex crispus) and identical with chrysophanic acid.

Ruminal

Rumi*nal (?), a. [L. ruminalis.] (Zo\'94l.) Ruminant; ruminating. [R.]

Ruminant

Ru"mi*nant (?), a. [L. ruminans, -antis, p.pr.: cf. F. ruminant. See Ruminate.] (Zo\'94l.) Chewing the cud; characterized by chewing again what has been swallowed; of or pertaining to the Ruminantia.

Ruminant

Ru"mi*nant, n. (Zo\'94l.) A ruminant animal; one of the Ruminantia.

Ruminantia

Ru`mi*nan"ti*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Artiodactyla having four stomachs. This division includes the camels, deer, antelopes, goats, sheep, neat cattle, and allies. <-- Letters refer to the Illustration, "Stomach of a ruminant." --> &hand; The vegetable food, after the first mastication, enters the first stomach (r). It afterwards passes into the second (n), where it is moistened, and formed into pellets which the animal has the power of bringing back to the mouth to be chewed again, after which it is swallowed into the third stomach (m), whence it passes to the fourth (s), where it is finally digested.

Ruminantly

Ru"mi*nant*ly (?), adv. In a ruminant manner; by ruminating, or chewing the cud.

Ruminate

Ru"mi*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ruminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruminating.] [L. ruminatus, p.p. of ruminari, ruminare, fr. rumen, -inis, throat, akin to ructare to belch, erugere to belch out, Gr. roccettan.]

1. To chew the cud; to chew again what has been slightly chewed and swallowed. "Cattle free to ruminate." Wordsworth.

2. Fig.: To think again and again; to muse; to meditate; to ponder; to reflect. Cowper.

Apart from the hope of the gospel, who is there that ruminates on the felicity of heaven? I. Taylor.

Ruminate

Ru"mi*nate (?), v. t.

1. To chew over again.

2. Fig.: To meditate or ponder over; to muse on.

Mad with desire, she ruminates her sin. Dryden.
What I know Is ruminated, plotted, and set down. Shak.

Ruminate, Ruminated

Ru"mi*nate (?), Ru"mi*na`ted (?), a. (Bot.) Having a hard albumen penetrated by irregular channels filled with softer matter, as the nutmeg and the seeds of the North American papaw.

Rumination

Ru`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L. ruminatio: cf. F. rumination.]

1. The act or process of ruminating, or chewing the cud; the habit of chewing the cud.

Rumination is given to animals to enable them at once to lay up a great store of food, and afterward to chew it. Arbuthnot.

2. The state of being disposed to ruminate or ponder; deliberate meditation or reflection.

Retiring full of rumination sad. Thomson.

3. (Physiol.) The regurgitation of food from the stomach after it has been swallowed, -- occasionally oberved as a morbid phenomenon in man.

Ruminative

Ru"mi*na*tive (?), a. Inclined to, or engaged in, rumination or meditation.

Ruminator

Ru"mi*na`tor (?), n. [L.] One who ruminates or muses; a meditator.

Rumkin

Rum"kin (?), n. [Cf. Rummer, and see -kin.] A popular or jocular name for a drinking vessel. [Obs.]

Rummage

Rum"mage (?; 48), n. [For roomage, fr. room; hence originally, a making room, a packing away closely. See Room.]

1. (Naut.) A place or room for the stowage of cargo in a ship; also, the act of stowing cargo; the pulling and moving about of packages incident to close stowage; -- formerly written romage. [Obs.]

2. A searching carefully by looking into every corner, and by turning things over.

He has such a general rummage and reform in the office of matrimony. Walpole.
Rummage sale, a clearance sale of unclaimed goods in a public store, or of odds and ends which have accumulated in a shop. Simmonds.

Rummage

Rum"mage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rummaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rummaging (?).]

1. (Naut.) To make room in, as a ship, for the cargo; to move about, as packages, ballast, so as to permit close stowage; to stow closely; to pack; -- formerly written roomage, and romage. [Obs.]

They night bring away a great deal more than they do, if they would take pain in the romaging. Hakluyt.

2. To search or examine thoroughly by looking into every corner, and turning over or removing goods or other things; to examine, as a book, carefully, turning over leaf after leaf.

He . . . searcheth his pockets, and taketh his keys, and so rummageth all his closets and trunks. Howell.
What schoolboy of us has not rummaged his Greek dictionary in vain for a satisfactory account! M. Arnold.

Rummage

Rum"mage, v. i. To search a place narrowly.
I have often rummaged for old books in Little Britain and Duck Lane. Swift.
[His house] was haunted with a jolly ghost, that . . . . . . rummaged like a rat. Tennyson.

Rummager

Rum"ma*ger (?), n.

1. One who rummages.

2. (Naut.) A person on shipboard whose business was to take charge of stowing the cargo; -- formerly written roomager, and romager. [Obs.]

The master must provide a perfect mariner, called a romager, to range and bestow all merchandise. Hakluyt
.

Rummer

Rum"mer (, n. [D. roemer, romer, akin to G. r\'94mer, Sw. remmare; perhaps properly, Roman.] A large and tall glass, or drinking cup. [Obs.] J. Philips.

Rummy

Rum"my (?), a. Of or pertaining to rum; characteristic of rum; as a rummy flavor.

Rummy

Rum"my, n.; pl. Rummies (. One who drinks rum; an habitually intemperate person. [Low] <-- Rummy, a game of cards. Gin rummy, a type of rummy. -->

Rummy

Rum"my, a. [See Rum, a.] Strange; odd. [Slang]

Rumney

Rum"ney (?), n. A sort of Spanish wine. [Obs.]

Rumor

Ru"mor (?), n. [F. rumeur, L. rumor; cf. rumificare, rumitare to rumor, Skr. ru to cry.] [Written also rumour.]

1. A flying or popular report; the common talk; hence, public fame; notoriety.

This rumor of him went forth throughout all Judea, and throughout all the region round about. Luke vii. 17.
Great is the rumor of this dreadful knight. Shak.

2. A current story passing from one person to another, without any known authority for its truth; -- in this sense often personified.

Rumor next, and Chance, And Tumult, and Confusion, all embroiled. Milton.

3. A prolonged; indistinct noise. [Obs.] Shak.

Rumor

Ru"mor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rumored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rumoring.] To report by rumor; to tell.
'T was rumored My father 'scaped from out the citadel. Dryden.

Rumorer

Ru"mor*er (?), n. A teller of news; especially, one who spreads false reports. <-- = rumor-monger --> Shak.

Rumorous

Ru"mor*ous (?), a. [Cf. OF. rumoreux, It. rumoroso, romoroso.]

1. Of or pertaining to a rumor; of the nature of rumors. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

2. Famous; notorious. [Obs.] Bale.

3. Murmuring. [Obs. or Poetic] Drayton.

Rump

Rump (?), n. [OE. rumpe; akin to D. romp trunk, body, LG. rump, G. rumpf, Dan. rumpe rump, Icel. rumpr, Sw. rumpa rump, tail.]

1. The end of the backbone of an animal, with the parts adjacent; the buttock or buttoks.

2. Among butchers, the piece of beef betwen the sirloin and the aitchbone piece. See Illust. of Beef.

3. Fig.: The hind or tail end; a fag-end; a remnant. Rump Parliament, ∨ The Rump (Eng. Hist.), the remnant of the Long Parliament after the expulsion by Cromwell in 1648 of those who opposed his purposes. It was dissolved by Cromwell in 1653, but twice revived for brief sessions, ending finally in 1659.

The rump abolished the House of Lords, the army abolished the Rump, and by this army of saints Cromwell governed. Swift.
-- Rump steak, a beefsteak from the rump. Goldsmith.

Rumper

Rump"er (?), n. A member or a supporter of the Rump Parliament. I. Disraeli.

Rump-fed

Rump"-fed (?), a. A Shakespearean word of uncertain meaning. Perhaps "fattened in the rump, pampered." "The rump-fed ronyon."

Rumple

Rum"ple (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Rumpled p. pr. & vb. n. Rumpling (.] [Cf. rimple, and D. rimpelen to wrinkle, rompelig rough, uneven, G. r\'81mpgen to wrinkle, MHG. r\'81mphen, OHG. rimpfan, Gr. "ra`mfos the crooked beak of birds of prey, To make uneven; to form into irregular inequalities; to wrinkle; to crumple; as, to rumple an apron or a cravat.
They would not give a dog's ear of their most rumpled and ragged Scoth paper for twenty of your fairest assignats. Burke.

Rumple

Rum"ple, n. A fold or plait; a wrinkle. Dryden.

Runpled

Run"pled (?), a. Wrinkled; crumpled. Pope.

Rumpless

Rump"less (?), a. Destitute of a rump.

Rumply

Rum"ply (?), a. Rumpled. Carlyle.

Rumpus

Rum"pus (?), n. A disturbance; noise and confusion; a quarrel. [Colloq.]

Rumseller

Rum"sell`er (?), n. One who sells rum; one who deals in intoxicating liquors; especially, one who sells spirituous beverages at retail.
Page 1261

Run

Run (?), v. i. [imp. Ran (?) or Run; p. p. Run; p. pr. & vb. n. Running.] [OE. rinnen, rennen (imp. ran, p.p. runnen, ronnen). AS. rinnan to flow (imp. ran, p.p. gerunnen), and iernan, irnan, to run (imp. orn, arn, earn, p.p. urnen); akin to D. runnen, renne, OS. & OHG. rinnan, G. rinnen, rennen, Icel. renna, rinna, Sw. rinna, r\'84nna, Dan. rinde, rende, Goth. rinnan, and perh. to L. oriri to rise, Gr. Origin), or perh. to L. rivus brook (cf. Rival). \'fb11. Cf. Ember, a., Rennet.]

1. To move, proceed, advance, pass, go, come, etc., swiftly, smoothly, or with quick action; -- said of things animate or inanimate. Hence, to flow, glide, or roll onward, as a stream, a snake, a wagon, etc.; to move by quicker action than in walking, as a person, a horse, a dog. Specifically: --

2. Of voluntary or personal action: (a) To go swiftly; to pass at a swift pace; to hasten.

"Ha, ha, the fox!" and after him they ran. Chaucer.
(b) To flee, as from fear or danger.
As from a bear a man would run for life. Shak.
(c) To steal off; to depart secretly.
My conscience will serve me to run from this jew. Shak.
(d) To contend in a race; hence, to enter into a contest; to become a candidate; as, to run for Congress.
Know ye not that they which run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run, that ye may obtain. 1 Cor. ix. 24.
(e) To pass from one state or condition to another; to come into a certain condition; -- often with in or into; as, to run into evil practices; to run in debt.
Have I not cause to rave and beat my breast, to rend my heart with grief and run distracted? Addison.
(f) To exert continuous activity; to proceed; as, to run through life; to run in a circle. (g) To pass or go quickly in thought or conversation; as, to run from one subject to another.
Virgil, in his first Georgic, has run into a set of precepts foreign to his subject. Addison.
(h) To discuss; to continue to think or speak about something; -- with on. (i) To make numerous drafts or demands for payment, as upon a bank; -- with on. (j) To creep, as serpents.

3. Of involuntary motion: (a) To flow, as a liquid; to ascend or descend; to course; as, rivers run to the sea; sap runs up in the spring; her blood ran cold. (b) To proceed along a surface; to extend; to spread.

The fire ran along upon the ground. Ex. ix. 23.
(c) To become fluid; to melt; to fuse.
As wax dissolves, as ice begins to run. Addison.
Sussex iron ores run freely in the fire. Woodward.
(d) To turn, as a wheel; to revolve on an axis or pivot; as, a wheel runs swiftly round. (e) To travel; to make progress; to be moved by mechanical means; to go; as, the steamboat runs regularly to Albany; the train runs to Chicago. (f) To extend; to reach; as, the road runs from Philadelphia to New York; the memory of man runneth not the contrary.
She saw with joy the line immortal run, Each sire impressed, and glaring in his son. Pope.
(g) To go back and forth from place to place; to ply; as, the stage runs between the hotel and the station.<-- same as (e)? --> (h) To make progress; to proceed; to pass.
As fast as our time runs, we should be very glad in most part of our lives that it ran much faster. Addison.
(i) To continue in operation; to be kept in action or motion; as, this engine runs night and day; the mill runs six days in the week.
When we desire anything, our minds run wholly on the good circumstances of it; when it is obtained, our minds run wholly on the bad ones. Swift.
(j) To have a course or direction; as, a line runs east and west.
Where the generally allowed practice runs counter to it. Locke.
Little is the wisdom, where the flight So runs against all reason. Shak.
(k) To be in form thus, as a combination of words.
The king's ordinary style runneth, "Our sovereign lord the king." Bp. Sanderson.
(l) To be popularly known; to be generally received.
Men gave them their own names, by which they run a great while in Rome. Sir W. Temple.
Neither was he ignorant what report ran of himself. Knolle
(m) To have growth or development; as, boys and girls run up rapidly.
if the richness of the ground cause turnips to run to leaves. Mortimer.
(n) To tend, as to an effect or consequence; to incline.
A man's nature runs either to herbs or weeds. Bacon.
Temperate climates run into moderate governments. Swift.
(o) To spread and blend together; to unite; as, colors run in washing.
In the middle of a rainbow the colors are . . . distinguished, but near the borders they run into one another. I. Watts.
(p) To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company; as, certain covenants run with the land.
Customs run only upon our goods imported or exported, and that but once for all; whereas interest runs as well upon our ships as goods, and must be yearly paid. Sir J. Child.
(q) To continue without falling due; to hold good; as, a note has thirty days to run. (r) To discharge pus or other matter; as, an ulcer runs. (s) To be played on the stage a number of successive days or nights; as, the piece ran for six months. (t) (Naut.) To sail before the wind, in distinction from reaching or sailing closehauled; -- said of vessels.

4. Specifically, of horse: To move rapidly in a gait in which each leg acts in turn as a propeller and a supporter, and in which for an instant all the limbs are gathered in the air under the body. Stillman (The Horse in Motion).

5. (Athletics) To move rapidly by springing steps so that there is an instant in each step when neither foot touches the ground; -- so distinguished from walking in athletic competition. As thing run, according to the usual order, conditions, quality, etc.; on the average; without selection or specification. -- To let run (Naut.), to allow to pass or move freely; to slacken or loosen. -- To run after, to pursue or follow; to search for; to endeavor to find or obtain; as to run after similies. Locke. -- To run away, to flee; to escape; to elope; to run without control or guidance. -- To run away with. (a) To convey away hurriedly; to accompany in escape or elopement. (b) To drag rapidly and with violence; as, a horse runs away with a carriage. -- To run down. (a) To cease to work or operate on account of the exhaustion of the motive power; -- said of clocks, watches, etc.<-- batteries --> (b) To decline in condition; as, to run down in health. -- To run down a coast, to sail along it. -- To run for an office, to stand as a candidate for an office. -- To run in ∨ into. (a) To enter; to step in. (b) To come in collision with. -- To run in trust, to run in debt; to get credit. [Obs.] -- To run in with. (a) To close; to comply; to agree with. [R.] T. Baker. (b) (Naut.) To make toward; to near; to sail close to; as, to run in with the land. -- To run mad, To run mad after ∨ on. See under Mad. -- To run on. (a) To be continued; as, their accounts had run on for a year or two without a settlement. (b) To talk incessantly. (c) To continue a course. (d) To press with jokes or ridicule; to abuse with sarcasm; to bear hard on. (e) (Print.) To be continued in the same lines, without making a break or beginning a new paragraph. -- To run out. (a) To come to an end; to expire; as, the lease runs out Michaelmas. (b) To extend; to spread. "Insectile animals . . . run all out into legs." Hammond. (c) To expatiate; as, to run out into beautiful digressions. (d) To be wasted or exhausted; to become poor; to become extinct; as, an estate managed without economy will soon run out.

And had her stock been less, no doubt She must have long ago run out. Dryden.
-- To run over. (a) To overflow; as, a cup runs over, or the liquor runs over. (b) To go over, examine, or rehearse cursorily. (c) To ride or drive over; as, to run over a child. -- To run riot, to go to excess. -- To run through. (a) To go through hastily; as to run through a book. (b) To spend wastefully; as, to run through an estate. -- To run to seed, to expend or exhaust vitality in producing seed, as a plant; figuratively and colloquially, to cease growing; to lose vital force, as the body or mind. -- To run up, to rise; to swell; to grow; to increase; as, accounts of goods credited run up very fast.
But these, having been untrimmed for many years, had run up into great bushes, or rather dwarf trees. Sir W. Scott.
-- To run with. (a) To be drenched with, so that streams flow; as, the streets ran with blood. (b) To flow while charged with some foreign substance. "Its rivers ran with gold." J. H. Newman.

Run

Run (, v. t.

1. To cause to run (in the various senses of Run, v. i.); as, to run a horse; to run a stage; to run a machine; to run a rope through a block.

2. To pursue in thought; to carry in contemplation.

To run the world back to its first original. South.
I would gladly understand the formation of a soul, and run it up to its "punctum saliens." Collier.

3. To cause to enter; to thrust; as, to run a sword into or through the body; to run a nail into the foot.

You run your head into the lion's mouth. Sir W. Scott.
Having run his fingers through his hair. Dickens.

4. To drive or force; to cause, or permit, to be driven.

They ran the ship aground. Acts xxvii. 41.
A talkative person runs himself upon great inconveniences by blabbing out his own or other's secrets. Ray.
Others, accustomed to retired speculations, run natural philosophy into metaphysical notions. Locke.

5. To fuse; to shape; to mold; to cast; as, to run bullets, and the like.

The purest gold must be run and washed. Felton.

6. To cause to be draw; to mark out; to indicate; to determine; as, to run a line.

7. To cause to pass, to evade, offical restrictions; to smuggle; -- said of contraband or dutiable goods.

heavy impositions . . . are a strong temptation of running goods. Swift.

8. To go through or accomplish by running; as, to run a race; to run a certain career.

9. To cause to stand as a candidate for office; to support for office; as, to run some one for Congress. [Colloq. U.S.]

10. To encounter or incur, as a danger or risk; as, to run the risk of losing one's life. See To run the chance, below. "He runneth two dangers." Bacon. <-- "If we don't succeed, we run the risk of failure." Quail. -->

11. To put at hazard; to venture; to risk.

He would himself be in the Highlands to receive them, and run his fortune with them. Clarendon.

12. To discharge; to emit; to give forth copiously; to be bathed with; as, the pipe or faucet runs hot water.

At the base of Pompey's statua, Which all the while ran blood, great C\'91sar fell. Shak.

13. To be charged with, or to contain much of, while flowing; as, the rivers ran blood.

14. To conduct; to manage; to carry on; as, to run a factory or a hotel. [Colloq. U.S.]

15. To tease with sarcasms and ridicule. [Colloq.]

16. To sew, as a seam, by passing the needle through material in a continuous line, generally taking a series of stitches on the needle at the same time.

17. To migrate or move in schools; -- said of fish; esp., to ascend a river in order to spawn. To run a blockade, to get to, or away from, a blockaded port in safety. -- To run down. (a) (Hunting) To chase till the object pursued is captured or exhausted; as, to run down, a stag. (b) (Naut.) To run against and sink, as a vessel. (c) To crush; to overthrow; to overbear. "religion is run down by the license of these times." Berkeley. (d) To disparage; to traduce. F. W. Newman. -- To run hard. (a) To press in competition; as, to run one hard in a race. (b) To urge or press importunately. (c) To banter severely. -- To run into the ground, to carry to an absurd extreme; to overdo. [Slang, U.S.]<-- also, to operate a machine (as a car) without maintenance, until it malfunctions or becomes useless --> -- To run off, to cause to flow away, as a charge of molten metal from a furnace. -- To run on (Print.), to carry on or continue, as the type for a new sentence, without making a break or commencing a new paragraph. -- To run out. (a) To thrust or push out; to extend. (b) To waste; to exhaust; as, to run out an estate. (c) (Baseball) To put out while running between two bases. -- To run the chances, ∨ one's chances, to encounter all the risks of a certain course. -- To run through, to transfix; to pierce, as with a sword. "[He] was run through the body by the man who had asked his advice." Addison. -- To run up. (a) To thrust up, as anything long and slender. (b) To increase; to enlarge by additions, as an account.<-- e.g. to incur a debt, as to run up a bill --> (c) To erect hastily, as a building.

Run

Run (?), n.

1. The act of running; as, a long run; a good run; a quick run; to go on the run.

2. A small stream; a brook; a creek.

3. That which runs or flows in the course of a certain operation, or during a certain time; as, a run of must in wine making; the first run of sap in a maple orchard.

4. A course; a series; that which continues in a certain course or series; as, a run of good or bad luck.

They who made their arrangements in the first run of misadventure . . . put a seal on their calamities. Burke.

5. State of being current; currency; popularity.

it is impossible for detached papers to have a general run, or long continuance, if not diversified with humor. Addison.

6. Continued repetition on the stage; -- said of a play; as, to have a run of a hundred successive nights.

A canting, mawkish play . . . had an immense run. Macaulay.

7. A continuing urgent demand; especially, a pressure on a bank or treasury for payment of its notes.

8. A range or extent of ground for feeding stock; as, a sheep run. Howitt.

9. (Naut.) (a) The aftermost part of a vessel's hull where it narrows toward the stern, under the quarter (b) The distance sailed by a ship; as, a good run; a run of fifty miles. (c) A voyage; as, run to China.

10. A pleasure excursion; a trip. [Colloq.]

A think of giving her a run in London. Dickens.

11. (Mining) The horizontal distance to which a drift may be carried, either by license of the proprietor of a mine or by the nature of the formation; also, the direction which a vein of ore or other substance takes.

12. (Mus.) A roulade, or series of running tones.

13. (Mil.) The greatest degree of swiftness in marching. It is executed upon the same principles as the double-quick, but with greater speed.

14. The act of migrating, or ascending a river to spawn; -- said of fish; also, an assemblage or school of fishes which migrate, or ascend a river for the purpose of spawning.

15. In baseball, a complete circuit of the bases made by a player, which enables him to score one; in cricket, a passing from one wicket to the other, by which one point is scored; as, a player made three runs; the side went out with two hundred runs.

The "runs" are made from wicket to wicket, the batsmen interchanging ends at each run. R. A. Proctor.

16. A pair or set of millstones. At the long run, now, commonly, In the long run, in or during the whole process or course of things taken together; in the final result; in the end; finally.

[Man] starts the inferior of the brute animals, but he surpasses them in the long run. J. H. Newman.
-- Home run. (a) A running or returning toward home, or to the point from which the start was made. Cf. Home stretch. (b) (Baseball) See under Home. -- The run, ∨ The common run, etc., ordinary persons; the generality or average of people or things; also, that which ordinarily occurs; ordinary current, course, or kind.
I saw nothing else that is superior to the common run of parks. Walpole.
Burns never dreamed of looking down on others as beneath him, merely because he was conscious of his own vast superiority to the common run of men. Prof. Wilson.
His whole appearance was something out of the common run. W. Irving.
-- To let go by the run (Naut.), to loosen and let run freely, as lines; to let fall without restraint, as a sail.

Run

Run, a.

1. Melted, or made from molten material; cast in a mold; as, run butter; run iron or lead.

2. Smuggled; as, run goods. [Colloq.] Miss Edgeworth. Run steel, malleable iron castings. See under Malleable. Raymond.

Runagate

Run"a*gate (?), n. [F. ren\'82gat, Prov. renegat. LL. renegatus; confused with E. run and gate a way. See Renegate.] A fugitive; a vagabond; an apostate; a renegade. See Renegade. Bunyan.
Wretched runagates from the jail. De Quincey.
Who has not been a runagate from duty? Hare.

Runaway

Run"a*way` (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, flees from danger, duty, restraint, etc.; a fugitive.

Thou runaway, thou coward, art thou fled? Shak.

2. The act of running away, esp. of a horse or teams; as, there was a runaway yesterday.

Runaway

Run"a*way`, a.

1. Running away; fleeing from danger, duty, restraint, etc.; as, runaway soldiers; a runaway horse.

2. Accomplished by running away or elopment, or during flight; as, a runaway marriage. <--

3. (a) Won by a long lead; as, a runaway victory. (b) Very successful; accomplishing success quickly; as, a runaway bestseller. -->

Runcation

Run*ca"tion (?), n. [L. runcatio, fr. runcareto weed out.] A weedling. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Runch

Runch (?), n. (Bot.) The wild radish. Dr. Prior.

Runcinate

Run"ci*nate (?), a. [L. runcinatus, p.p. of runcinareto plane off, fr. runcina a plane.] (Bot.) Pinnately cut with the lobes pointing downwards, as the leaf of the dandelion.

Rundel

Run"del (?), n. [Cf. Rindle.] A moat with water in it; also, a small stream; a runlet. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Rundel

Run"del, n. [Cf. Rundle.] A circle. [Prov. Eng.]

Rundle

Run"dle (?), n. [E. round. Cf. Rondle.]

1. A round; a step of a ladder; a rung. Duppa.

2. A ball. [Obs.] Holland.

3. Something which rotates about an axis, as a wheel, or the drum of a capstan. "An axis or cylinder having a rundle about it." Bp. Wilkins.

4. (Mach.) One of the pins or trundles of a lantern wheel.

Rundlet

Rund"let (?), n. [Dim. of OF. rondele a little tun, fr. rond round. See Round, and cf. Roundlet, Runlet.] A small barrel of no certain dimensions. It may contain from 3 to 20 gallons, but it usually holds about 14 [Written also runlet.]

Rune

Rune (r&udd;n), n. [AS. r&umac;n a rune, a secret, a mystery; akin to Icel. r&umac;n, OHG. & Goth. r&umac;na a secret, secret colloquy, G. & Dan. rune rune, and probably to Gr. 'ereyna^n to search for. Cf. Roun to whisper.]

1. A letter, or character, belonging to the written language of the ancient Norsemen, or Scandinavians; in a wider sense, applied to the letters of the ancient nations of Northern Europe in general. &hand; The Norsemen had a peculiar alphabet, consisting of sixteen letters, or characters, called runes, the origin of which is lost in the remotest antiquity. The signification of the word rune (mystery) seems to allude to the fact that originally only a few were acquainted with the use of these marks, and that they were mostly applied to secret tricks, witchcrafts and enchantments. But the runes were also used in communication by writing.

2. pl. Old Norse poetry expressed in runes.

Runes were upon his tongue, As on the warrior's sword. Longfellow.
Rune stone, a stone bearing a runic inscription.

Runer

Ru"ner (?), n. A bard, or learned man, among the ancient Goths. Sir W. Temple.

Rung

Rung (?), imp. & p. p. of Ring.

Rung

Rung, n. [OE. ronge, AS. hrung, a staff, rod, pole; akin to G. runge a short, thick piece of iron or wood, OD. ronghe a prop, support, Icel. r\'94ng a rib in a ship, Goth. Hrugga a staff.]

1. (Shipbuilding) A floor timber in a ship.

2. One of the rounds of a ladder.

3. One of the stakes of a cart; a spar; a heavy staff.

4. (Mach.) One of the radial handles projecting from the rim of a steering wheel; also, one of the pins or trundles of a lantern wheel.

Runghead

Rung"head` (?), n. (Shipbuilding) The upper end of a floor timber in a ship.

Runic

Ru"nic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a rune, to runes, or to the Norsemen; as, runic verses; runic letters; runic names; runic rhyme. Runic staff. See Clog almanac, under Clog. -- Runic wand, a willow wand bearing runes, formerly thought to have been used by the heathen tribes of Northern Europe in magical ceremonies.

Runlet

Run"let (?), n. [Run + -let.] A little run or stream; a streamlet; a brook.
To trace out to its marshy source every runlet that has cast in its tiny pitcherful with the rest. Lowell.

Runlet

Run"let, n. Same as Rundlet. "A stoup of sack, or a runlet of canary." Sir W. Scott.
Page 1262

Runnel

Run"nel (?), n. [From Run. Cf. Rundle.] A rivulet or small brook.
Buddling rundels joined the sound. Collins.
By the very sides of the way . . . there are slow runnels, in which one can see the minnows swimming. Masson.

Runner

Run"ner (?), n. [From Run.]

1. One who, or that which, runs; a racer.

2. A detective. [Slang, Eng.] Dickens.

3. A messenger. Swift.

4. A smuggler. [Colloq.] R. North.

5. One employed to solicit patronage, as for a steamboat, hotel, shop, etc. [Cant, U.S.]

6. (Bot.) A slender trailing branch which takes root at the joints or end and there forms new plants, as in the strawberry and the common cinquefoil.

7. The rotating stone of a set of millstones.

8. (Naut.) A rope through a block and used to increase the mechanical power of a tackle. Totten.

9. One of the pieces on which a sled or sleigh slides; also the part or blade of a skate which slides on the ice.

10. (Founding) (a) A horizontal channel in a mold, through which the metal flows to the cavity formed by the pattern; also, the waste metal left in such a channel. (b) A trough or channel for leading molten metal from a furnace to a ladle, mold, or pig bed.

11. The movable piece to which the ribs of an umbrella are attached.

12. (Zo\'94l.) A food fish (Elagatis pinnulatis) of Florida and the West Indies; -- called also skipjack, shoemaker, and yellowtail. The name alludes to its rapid successive leaps from the water.

13. (Zo\'94l.) Any cursorial bird.

14. (Mech.) (a) A movable slab or rubber used in grinding or polishing a surface of stone. (b) A tool on which lenses are fastened in a group, for polishing or grinding.

Runnet

Run"net (?), n. See Rennet.

Running

Run"ning (?), a.

1. Moving or advancing by running. Specifically, of a horse; (a) Having a running gait; not a trotter or pacer. (b) trained and kept for running races; as, a running horse. Law.

2. Successive; one following the other without break or intervention; -- said of periods of time; as, to be away two days running; to sow land two years running.

3. Flowing; easy; cursive; as, a running hand.

4. Continuous; keeping along step by step; as, he stated the facts with a running explanation. "A running conquest." Milton.

What are art and science if not a running commentary on Nature? Hare.

5. (Bot.) Extending by a slender climbing or trailing stem; as, a running vine.

6. (med.) Discharging pus; as, a running sore. Running block (Mech.), a block in an arrangement of pulleys which rises or sinks with the weight which is raised or lowered. -- Running board, a narrow platform extending along the side of a locomotive.<-- or automobile(pre-1960) --> -- Running bowsprit (Naut.) Same as Reefing bowsprit. -- Running days (Com.), the consecutive days occupied on a voyage under working days. Simmonds. -- Running fire, a constant fire of musketry or cannon. -- Running gear, the wheels and axles of a vehicle, and their attachments, in distinction from the body; all the working parts of a locomotive or other machine, in distinction from the framework. -- Running hand, a style of rapid writing in which the letters are usually slanted and the words formed without lifting the pen; -- distinguished from round hand. -- Running part (Naut.), that part of a rope that is hauled upon, -- in distinction from the standing part. -- Running rigging (Naut.), that part of a ship's rigging or ropes which passes through blocks, etc.; -- is distinction from standing rigging. -- Running title (Print.), the title of a book or chapter continued from page to page on the upper margin.<-- it may be different, for conciseness, from the title on the first page. -->

Running

Run"ning, n. The act of one who, or of that which runs; as, the running was slow.

2. That which runs or flows; the quantity of a liquid which flows in a certain time or during a certain operation; as, the first running of a still.

3. The discharge from an ulcer or other sore. At long running, in the long run. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Runningly

Run"ning*ly, adv. In a running manner.

Runnion

Run"nion (?) n. See Ronion.

Runology

Ru*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Rune + -logy.] The science of runes. -- Ru*nol"o*gist (#), n.

Runround

Run"round` (?), n. A felon or whitlow. [Colloq. U.S.]

Runt

Runt (?) n. [Written also rant.] [Scot. runt an old cow. rund a bullock, an ox or Rother, a.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any animal which is unusually small, as compared with others of its kind; -- applied particulary to domestic animals.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of domestic pigeon, related to the barb and carrier.

3. A dwarf; also, a mean, despicable, boorish person; -- used opprobriously.

Before I buy a bargain of such runts, I'll buy a college for bears, and live among 'em. Beau. & Fl.

4. The dead stump of a tree; also, the stem of a plant. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Neither young poles nor old runts are durable. Holland.

Runty

Runt"y (?), a. Like a runt; diminutive; mean.

Runway

Run"way` (?), n.

1. The channel of a stream.

2. The beaten path made, by deer or other animals in passing to and from their feeding grounds.

Rupee

Ru*pee" (?), n. [Hind.r, fr. Skr. r silver, coined silver or gold, handsome.] A silver coin, and money of account, in the East Indies. &hand; The valuation of the rupee of sixteen annas, the standard coin of India, by the United States Treasury departament, varies from time to time with the price silver. In 1889 it was rated at about thirty-two cents.

Rupellary

Ru"pel*la*ry (?), n. [From L. rupes a rock.] Rocky. [Obs.] "This rupellary nidary." Evelyn.

Rupert's drop

Ru"pert's drop` (?). A kind of glass drop with a long tail, made by dropping melted glass into water. It is remarkable for bursting into fragments when the surface is scratched or the tail broken; -- so called from Prince Rupert, nephew of Charles I., by whom they were first brought to England. Called also Rupert's ball, and glass tear.

Rupia

Ru"pi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. G. (Med.) An eruption upon the skin, consisting of vesicles with inflamed base and filled with serous, purulent, or bloody fluid, which dries up, forming a blackish crust.

Rupial

Ru"pi*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to rupia.

Rupicola

Ru*pic"o*la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. rupes, gen. rupis, a rock + colere to inhabit.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of beautiful South American passerine birds, including the cock of the rock. &hand; The species are remarkable for having an elevated fan-shaped crest of feathers on the head, and for the beautiful color of their plumage, which is mostly some delicate shade of yellow or orange.

Rupicoline

Ru*pic"o*line (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Rock-inhabiting.

Ruption

Rup"tion (?), n. [L. ruptio, fr. rumpere, ruptum to break.] A breaking or bursting open; breach; rupture. "By ruption or apertion." Wiseman.

Ruptuary

Rup"tu*a*ry (?; 135), n. [Cf. Roturier.] One not of noble blood; a plebeian; a roturier. [R.]
The exclusion of the French ruptuaries ("roturiers," for history must find a word for this class when it speaks of other nations) from the order of nobility. Chenevix.

Rupture

Rup"ture (?; 135), n. [L. ruptura, fr. rumpere, ruptum to break: cf. F. rupture. See Reave, and cf. Rout a defeat.]

1. The act of breaking apart, or separating; the state of being asunder; as, the rupture of the skin; the rupture of a vessel or fiber; the rupture of a lutestring. Arbuthnot.

Hatch from the egg, that soon, Bursting with kindly rupture, forth disclosed Their callow young. Milton.

2. Breach of peace or concord between individuals; open hostility or war between nations; interruption of friendly relations; as, the parties came to a rupture.

He knew that policy would desincline Napoleon from a rupture with his family. E. Everett.

3. (Med.) Hernia. See Hernia.

4. A bursting open, as of a steam boiler, in a less sudden manner than by explosion. See Explosion. Modulus of rupture. (Engin.) See under Modulus. Syn. -- Fracture; breach; break; burst; disruption; dissolution. See Fracture.

Rupture

Rup"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruptured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rupturing.]

1. To part by violence; to break; to burst; as, to rupture a blood vessel.

2. To produce a hernia in.

Rupture

Rup"ture, v. i. To suffer a breach or disruption.

Ruptured

Rup"tured (?; 135), a. (Med.) Having a rupture, or hernia.

Rupturewort

Rup"ture*wort" (?; 135), n. (Bot.) (a) Same as Burstwort. (b) A West Indian plant (Alternanthera polygonoides) somewhat resembling burstwort.

Rural

Ru"ral (?), a. [F., fr. L.ruralis, fr. rus, ruris, the country. Cf. Room space, Rustic.]

1. Of or pertaining to the country, as distinguished from a city or town; living in the country; suitable for, or resembling, the country; rustic; as, rural scenes; a rural prospect.

Here is a rural fellow; . . . He brings you figs. Shak.

2. Of or pertaining to agriculture; as, rural economy. Rural dean. (Eccl.) See under Dean. -- Rural deanery (Eccl.), the state, office, or residence, of a rural dean. Syn. -- Rustic. -- Rural, Rustic. Rural refers to the country itself; as, rural scenes, prospects, delights, etc. Rustic refers to the character, condition, taste, etc., of the original inhabitans of the country, who were generally uncultivated and rude; as, rustic manners; a rustic dress; a rustic bridge; rustic architecture, etc.

We turn To where the silver Thames first rural grows. Thomson.
Lay bashfulness, that rustic virtue, by; To manly confidence thy throughts apply. Dryden.

Rurales

Ru"ra"les (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The gossamer-winged butterflies; a family of small butterflies, including the hairstreaks, violets, and theclas.

Ruralism

Ru"ral*ism (?), n.

1. The quality or state of being rural; ruralness.

2. A rural idiom or expression.

Ruralist

Ru"ral*ist, n. One who leads a rural life. Coventry.

Rurality

Ru*ral"i*ty (?), n.; pl. -ties (#). [Cf. LL. ruralitas.]

1. The quality or state of being rural.

2. A rural place. "Leafy ruralities." Carlyle.

Ruralize

Ru"ral*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruralized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruralizing (?).] To render rural; to give a rural appearance to.

Ruralize

Ru"ral*ize, v. i. To become rural; to go into the country; to rusticate.

Rurally

Ru"ral*ly, adv. In a rural manner; as in the country.

Ruralness

Ru"ral*ness, n. The quality or state of being rural.

Ruricolist

Ru*ric"o*list (?), n. [L. ruricola; rus, ruris, the country + colere to inhabit.] An inhabitant of the country. [R.] Bailey.

Ruridecanal

Ru`ri*dec"a*nal (?), a. [L. rus, ruris the country + decanus the chief of ten. See Dean.] Of or pertaining to a rural dean; as, a ruridecanal district; the ruridecanal intellect. [R.]

Rurigenous

Ru*rig"e*nous (?), a. [L. rurigena; rus, ruris, the country + genere, gignere, to bring forth, pass., to be born.] Born in the country. [Obs.]

Ruse

Ruse (?), n. [F., fr. OF. re\'81ser, rehuser, to turn aside, to shuffle, retreat, fr. L. recusare to refuse; pref. re- again + causa cause. See Cause, and cf. Recusant.] An artifice; trick; stratagem; wile; fraund; deceit. Ruse de guerre ( [F.], a stratagem of war.

Rush

Rush (?), n. [OE. rusche, rische, resche, AS. risce, akin to LG. rusk, risch, D. & G. rusch; all probably fr. L. ruscum butcher's broom; akin to Goth. raus reed, G. rohr.]

1. (Bot.) A name given to many aquatic or marsh-growing endogenous plants with soft, slender stems, as the species of Juncus and Scirpus. &hand; Some species are used in bottoming chairs and plaiting mats, and the pith is used in some places for wicks to lamps and rushlights.

2. The merest trifle; a straw.

John Bull's friendship is not worth a rush. Arbuthnot.
Bog rush. See under Bog. -- Club rush, any rush of the genus Scirpus. -- Flowering rush. See under Flowering. -- Nut rush (a) Any plant of the genus Scleria, rushlike plants with hard nutlike fruits. (b) A name for several species of Cyperus having tuberous roots. -- Rush broom, an Australian leguminous plant (Viminaria denudata), having long, slender branches. Also, the Spanish broom. See under Candle. -- Rush grass, any grass of the genus Vilfa, grasses with wiry stems and one-flowered spikelets. -- Rush toad (Zo\'94l.), the natterjack. -- Scouring rush (Bot.) Same as Dutch rush, under Dutch. -- Spike rush, any rushlike plant of the genus Eleocharis, in which the flowers grow in dense spikes. -- Sweet rush, a sweet-scented grass of Arabia, etc. (Andropogon sch\'d2nanthus), used in Oriental medical practice. -- Wood rush, any plant of the genus Luzula, which differs in some technical characters from Juncus.

Rush

Rush (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rushed (; p. pr. & vb. n. Rushing.] [OE. ruschen; cf. AS. hryscan to make a noise, D. ruischen to rustle, G. rauschen, MHG. r ro rush, to rustle, LG. rusken, OSw. ruska, Icel. & Sw. ruska to shake, Dan. ruske to shake, and E. rouse.]

1. To move forward with impetuosity, violence, and tumultuous rapidity or haste; as, armies rush to battle; waters rush down a precipice.

Like to an entered tide, they all rush by. Shak.

2. To enter into something with undue haste and eagerness, or without due deliberation and preparation; as, to rush business or speculation.

They . . . never think it to be a part of religion to rush into the office of princes and ministers. Sprat.

Rush

Rush, v. t.

1. To push or urge forward with impetuosity or violence; to hurry forward.

2. To recite (a lesson) or pass (an examination) without an error. [College Cant, U.S.]

Rush

Rush, n.

1. A moving forward with rapidity and force or eagerness; a violent motion or course; as, a rush of troops; a rush of winds; a rush of water.

A gentleman of his train spurred up his horse, and, with a violent rush, severed him from the duke. Sir H. Wotton.

2. Great activity with pressure; as, a rush of business. [Colloq.]

3. A perfect recitation. [College Cant, U.S.]

4. (Football) (a) A rusher; as, the center rush, whose place is in the center of the rush line; the end rush.<-- now, lineman. --> (b) The act of running with the ball. <-- rushing. --> Bunt rush (Football), a combined rush by main strength. -- Rush line (Football), the line composed of rushers.

Rush-bearing

Rush"-bear`ing (?), n. A kind of rural festival at the dedication of a church, when the parishioners brought rushes to strew the church. [Eng.] Nares.

Rushbuckler

Rush"buc`kler (?), n. A bullying and violent person; a braggart; a swashbuckler. [Obs.]
That flock of stout, bragging rushbucklers. Robynson (More's Utopia).

Rushed

Rushed (?), a. Abounding or covered with rushes.

Rusher

Rush"er (?), n. One who rushes. Whitlock.

Rusher

Rush"er, n. One who strewed rushes on the floor at dances. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Rushiness

Rush"i*ness (?), n. [From Rushy.] The quality or state of abounding with rushes.

Rushingly

Rush"ing*ly, adv. In a rushing manner.

Rushlight

Rush"light` (?), n. A rush candle, or its light; hence, a small, feeble light.

Rushlike

Rush"like` (?), a. Resembling a rush; weak.

Rushy

Rush"y (?), a.

1. Abounding with rushes.

2. Made of rushes.

Me rushy couch and frugal fare. Goldsmith.

Rusine

Ru"sine (?), a. [NL. rusa, the name of the genus, Malay r&umac;sa deer.] (Zo\'94l.) Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus Rusa, which includes the sambur deer (Rusa Aristotelis) of India. Rusine antler (Zo\'94l.), an antler with the brow tyne simple, and the beam forked at the tip.

Rusk

Rusk (?), n. [Sp. rosca de mar sea rusks, a kind of biscuit, rosca properly meaning, a screw, spiral.]

1. A kind of light, soft bread made with yeast and eggs, often toasted or crisped in an oven; or a kind of sweetened biscuit.

2. A kind of light, hard cake or bread, as for stores Smart.

3. Bread or cake which has been made brown and crisp, and afterwards grated, or pulverized in a mortar.

Rusma

Rus"ma (?), n. [Corrupt. from Turk. khyryzma a paste used as a depilatory, fr. Gr. rusma.] A depilatory made of orpiment and quicklime, and used by the Turks. See Rhusma.

Russ

Russ (?), n. sing. & pl.

1. A Russian, or the Russians. [Rare, except in poetry.]

2. The language of the Russians.

Russ

Russ, a. Of or pertaining to the Russians.

Russet

Rus"set (?), a. [F. rousset, dim. of roux red, L. russus (for rudtus, rudhtus), akin to E. red. See Red, and cf. Roussette.]

1. Of a reddish brown color, or (by some called) a red gray; of the color composed of blue, red, and yellow in equal strength, but unequal proportions, namely, two parts of red to one each of blue and yellow; also, of a yellowish brown color.

The morn, in russet mantle clad. Shak.
Our summer such a russet livery wears. Dryden.

2. Coarse; homespun; rustic. [R.] Shak.

Russet

Rus"set, n.

1. A russet color; a pigment of a russet color.

2. Cloth or clothing of a russet color.

3. A country dress; -- so called because often of a russet color. Dryden.

4. An apple, or a pear, of a russet color; as, the English russet, and the Roxbury russet.

Russeting

Rus"set*ing, n. See Russet, n., 2 and 4.

Russety

Rus"set*y (?), a. Of a russet color; russet.
Page 1263

Russia

Rus"sia (?), n. A country of Europe and Asia. Russia iron, a kind of sheet iron made in Russia, having a lustrous blue-black surface. -- Russia leather, a soft kind of leather, made originally in Russia but now elsewhere, having a peculiar odor from being impregnated with an oil obtained from birch bark. It is much used in bookbinding, on account of its not being subject to mold, and being proof against insects. -- Russia matting, matting manufactured in Russia from the inner bark of the linden (Tilia Europ\'91a).

Russian

Rus"sian (? ∨ ?; 277), a. Of or pertaining to Russia, its inhabitants, or language. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Russia; the language of Russia. Russian bath. See under Bath.<-- Russian roulette -- an act of bravado played by loading one bullet into one chamber of a revolver in which the cylinder has five or six positions, spinning the cylinder (thus moving the bullet randomly to one of the six positions of the cylinder), pointing the gun to one's head, and pulling the trigger. If the bullet is in firing position, the "player" is usually killed. Such a "game" may be played on a dare, or, in some places, as part of a gamble. 2. (Fig.) Any dangerous act resembling Russian roulette in the acceptance of a high risk of serious negative consequences, usually unnecessarily. -->

Russianize

Rus"sian*ize (?), v. t. To make Russian, or more or less like the Russians; as, to Russianize the Poles.

Russification

Rus"si*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Russia + L. -ficare (im comp.) to make. See -fy.] The act or process of being Russified.

Russify

Rus"si*fy (?), v. t. [Cf. F. russifier. See -fy.] To Russianize; as, to Russify conquered tribes. <-- Russky Pl. Russkies, a Russian [Colloq.] -->

Russophile, Russophilist

Rus"so*phile (?), Rus"soph"i*list (?), n. [Russia + Gr. to love: cf. F. russophile.] One who, not being a Russian, favors Russian policy and aggrandizement. -- Rus*soph"ilism (#), n. [Chiefly newspaper words.]

Russophobe, Russophobist

Rus"so*phobe (?), Rus*soph"o*bist (?), [Russia + Gr. One who dreads Russia or Russian influence. [Words sometimes found in the newspapers.]

Russophobia

Rus`so*pho"bi*a (?), n. Morbid dread of Russia or of Russian influence.

Rust

Rust (?), n. [AS. rust; akin to D. roest, G. & Sw. rost, Icel. ry\'eb; -- named from its color, and akin to E. red. \'fb113. See Red.]

1. (Chem.) The reddish yellow coating formed on iron when exposed to moist air, consisting of ferric oxide or hydroxide; hence, by extension, any metallic film of corrosion.

2. (Bot.) A minute mold or fungus forming reddish or rusty spots on the leaves and stems of cereal and other grasses (Trichobasis Rubigo-vera), now usually believed to be a form or condition of the corn mildew (Puccinia graminis). As rust, it has solitary reddish spores; as corn mildew, the spores are double and blackish. &hand; Rust is also applied to many other minute fungi which infest vegetation, such as the species of Ustilago, Uredo, and Lecythea.

3. That which resembles rust in appearance or effects. Specifically: (a) A composition used in making a rust joint. See Rust joint, below. (b) Foul matter arising from degeneration; as, rust on salted meat. (c) Corrosive or injurious accretion or influence.

Sacred truths cleared from all rust and dross of human mixtures. Eikon Basilike.
&hand; Rust is used in the formation of compounds of obvious meaning; as, rust-colored, rust-consumed, rust-eaten, and the like. Rust joint, a joint made between surfaces of iron by filling the space between them with a wet mixture of cast-iron borings, sal ammoniac, and sulphur, which by oxidation becomes hard, and impervious to steam, water, etc. -- Rust mite (Zo\'94l.), a minute mite (Phytopius oleivorus) which, by puncturing the rind, causes the rust-colored patches on oranges.

Rust

Rust, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rusting.] [AS. rustian.]

1. To contract rust; to be become oxidized.

If gold ruste, what shall iron do? Chaucer.
Our armors now may rust. Dryden.

2. To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust; also, to acquire a rusty appearance. as plants.

3. Fig.: To degenerate in idleness; to become dull or impaired by inaction.

Must I rust in Egypt? never more Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece? Dryden.

Rust

Rust, v. t.

1. To cause to contract rust; to corrode with rust; to affect with rust of any kind.

Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will rust them. Shak.

2. Fig.: To impair by time and inactivity. Johmson.

Rustful

Rust"ful (?), a. Full of rust; resembling rust; causing rust; rusty. "Rustful sloth." Quarles.

Rustic

Rus"tic (?), a. [L. rusticus, fr. rus, ruris, the country: cf. F. rustique. See Rural.]

1. Of or pertaining to the country; rural; as, the rustic gods of antiquity. Milton.

And many a holy text around she strews, That teach the rustic moralist to die. Gray.
She had a rustic, woodland air. Wordsworth.

2. Rude; awkward; rough; unpolished; as, rustic manners. "A rustic muse." Spenser.

3. Coarse; plain; simple; as, a rustic entertainment; rustic dress.

4. Simple; artless; unadorned; unaffected. Pope. Rustic moth (Zo\'94l.), any moth belonging to Agrotis and allied genera. Their larv\'91 are called cutworms. See Cutworm. -- Rustic work. (a) (Arch.) Cut stone facing which has the joints worked with grooves or channels, the face of each block projecting beyond the joint, so that the joints are very conspicuous. (b) (Arch. & Woodwork) Summer houses, or furniture for summer houses, etc., made of rough limbs of trees fancifully arranged. Syn. -- Rural; rude; unpolished; inelegant; untaught; artless; honest. See Rural.

Rustic

Rus"tic, n.

1. An inhabitant of the country, especially one who is rude, coarse, or dull; a clown.

Hence to your fields, you rustics! hence, away. Pope.

2. A rural person having a natural simplicity of character or manners; an artless, unaffected person. [Poetic]

Rustical

Rus`tic*al (?), a. Rustic. "Rustical society." Thackeray. -- Rus"tic*al*ly, adv. -- Rus"tic*al*ness, n.

Rusticate

Rus"ti*cate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rusticated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rusticating.] [L. rusticaticus, p. p. of rusticari to rusticate. See Rustic.] To go into or reside in the country; to ruralize. Pope.

Rusticate

Rus"ti*cate, v. t. To require or compel to reside in the country; to banish or send away temporarily; to impose rustication on.
The town is again beginning to be full, and the rusticated beauty sees an end of her banishment. Idler.

Rusticated

Rus"ti*ca`ted (?), a. (Arch.) resembling rustic work. See Rustic work (a), under Rustic.

Rustication

Rus`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [L. rusticatio.]

1. The act of rusticating, or the state of being rusticated; specifically, the punishment of a student for some offence, by compelling him to leave the institution for a time.

2. (Arch.) Rustic work.

Rusticty

Rus*tic"*ty (?), n. [L. rusticatus: cf. F. rusticit\'82.] The quality or state of being rustic; rustic manners; rudeness; simplicity; artlessness.
The sweetness and rusticity of a pastoral can not be so well expressed in any other tongue as in the Greek, when rightly mixed and qualified with the Doric dialect. Addison.
The Saxons were refined from their rusticity. Sir W. Scott.

Rusticly

Rus"tic*ly (?), adv. In a rustic manner; rustically. Chapman.

Rustily

Rust"i*ly (?), adv. In a rusty state.

Rustiness

Rust"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being rusty.

Rustle

Rus"tle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rustled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Rustling (?).] [AS. hristlan to rustle; or cf. Sw. rusta to stir, make a riot, or E. rush, v.]

1. To make a quick succession of small sounds, like the rubbing or moving of silk cloth or dry leaves.

He is coming; I hear his straw rustle. Shak.
Prouder than rustling in unpaid-for silk. Shak.

2. To stir about energetically; to strive to succeed; to bustle about. [Slang, Western U.S.] <-- To steal, esp. cattle -->

Rustle

Rus"tle, v. t. To cause to rustle; as, the wind rustles the leaves.

Rustle

Rus"tle, n. A quick succession or confusion of small sounds, like those made by shaking leaves or straw, by rubbing silk, or the like; a rustling.
When the noise of a torrent, the rustle of a wood, the song of birds, or the play of lambs, had power to fill the attention, and suspend all perception of the course of time. Idler.

Rustler

Rus"tler (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, rustles. <-- esp. cattle rustler -->

2. A bovine animal that can care for itself in any circumstances; also, an alert, energetic, driving person. [Slang, Western U.S.]

Rustless

Rust"less (?), a. Free from rust.

Rusty

Rust"y (?), a. [AS. rustig.] [Compar. Rustier (; superl. Rustiest.]

1. Covered or affected with rust; as, a rusty knife or sword; rusty wheat.

2. Impaired by inaction, disuse, or neglect. <-- less skillful than when in continued practise -->

[Hector,] in this dull and long-continued truce, Is rusty grown. Shak.

3. Discolored and rancid; reasty; as, rusty bacon.

4. Surly; morose; crusty; sullen. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "Rusty words." Piers Plowman.

5. Rust-colored; dark. "Rusty blood." Spenser.

6. Discolored; stained; not cleanly kept; filthy.

The rustly little schooners that bring fire wood from the Brititsh provinces. Hawthorne.

7. (Bot.) Resembling, or covered with a substance resembling, rust; affected with rust; rubiginous.

Rut

Rut (?), n. [F. rut, OF. ruit, L. ruditus a roaring, fr. rugire to roar; -sp called from the noise made by deer in rutting time.]

1. (Physiol.) Sexual desire or \'d2strus of deer, cattle, and various other mammals; heat; also, the period during which the \'d2strus exists.

2. Roaring, as of waves breaking upon the shore; rote. See Rote.

Rut

Rut, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rutting.] To have a strong sexual impulse at the reproductive period; -- said of deer, cattle, etc.

Rut

Rut, v. t. To cover in copulation. Dryden.

Rut

Rut, n. [variant of route.] A track worn by a wheel or by habitual passage of anything; a groove in which anything runs. Also used figuratively. <-- (Fig.) Habitual, unvarying activity -- usually used in the phrase in a rut. -->

Rut

Rut, v. t. To make a rut or ruts in; -- chiefly used as a past participle or a participial adj; as, a rutted road.

Ruta-baga

Ru`ta-ba"ga (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of turnip commonly with a large and long or ovoid yellowish root; a Swedish turnip. See Turnip.

Rutaceous

Ru*ta"ceous (?), a. [L. rutaceous, from ruta rue. See Rue the plant.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to plants of a natural order (Rutac\'91) of which the rue is the type, and which includes also the orange, lemon, dittany, and buchu.

Rutate

Ru"tate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of rutic acid.

Ruth

Ruth (?), n. [From Rue, v.: cf. Icel. hrygg&edh;, hryg&edh;.]

1. Sorrow for the misery of another; pity; tenderness. [Poetic] "They weep for ruth." Chaucer. "Have ruth of the poor." Piers Plowman.

To stir up gentle ruth, Both for her noble blood, and for her tender youth. Spenser.

2. That which causes pity or compassion; misery; distress; a pitiful. [Obs.]

It had been hard this ruth for to see. Chaucer.
With wretched miseries and woeful ruth. Spenser.

Ruthenic

Ru*then"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a higher valence as contrasted with ruthenious compounds.

Ruthenious

Ru*the"ni*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; designating those compounds in which it has a lower valence as contrasted with ruthenic compounds.

Ruthenium

Ru*the"ni*um (?), n. [NL. So named from the Ruthenians, a Little Russian people, as coming from Russia, the metal having been found in the Ural mountains.] (Chem.) A rare element of the light platinum group, found associated with platinum ores, and isolated as a hard, brittle steel-gray metal which is very infusible. Symbol Ru. Atomic weight 103.5. Specific gravity 12.26. See Platinum metals, under Platinum.

Ruthful

Ruth"ful (?), a. Full of ruth; as: (a) Pitiful; tender. (b) Full of sorrow; woeful. (c) Causing sorrow. Shak. -- Ruth"ful*ly, adv.

Ruthless

Ruth"less, a. Having no ruth; cruel; pitiless.
Their rage the hostile bands restrain, All but the ruthless monarch of the main. Pope.
-- Ruth"less*ly, adv. -- Ruth"less*ness, n.

Rutic

Ru"tic (?), a. [Cf. Rutaceous.] (Chem.) pertaining to, or obtained from, rue (Ruta); as, rutic acid, now commonly called capric acid.

Rutilant

Ru"ti*lant (, a. [L. rutilans, p. pr. of rutilare to have a reddish glow, fr. rutilus red: cf. F. rutilant.] Having a reddish glow; shining.
Parchments . . . colored with this rutilant mixture. Evelin.

Rutilate

Ru"ti*late (?), v. i. [L. rutilare, rutilatum.] To shine; to emit rays of light. [Obs.] Ure.

Rutile

Ru"tile (?), n. [L. rutilus red, inclining to golden yellow.] (Min.) A mineral usually of a reddish brown color, and brilliant metallic adamantine luster, occurring in tetragonal crystals. In composition it is titanium dioxide, like octahedrite and brooklite.

Rutilian

Ru*til"i*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of lamellicorn beetles belonging to Rurila and allied genera, as the spotted grapevine beetle (Pelidnota punctata).

Rutin

Ru"tin (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside resembling, but distinct from, quercitrin. Rutin is found in the leaves of the rue (Ruta graveolens) and other plants, and obtained as a bitter yellow crystalline substance which yields quercitin on decomposition. <--

Rutinose.

Rutinose. A disaccharide present in glycosides. Prepared from rutin by hydrolysis with rhamnodiastase. 6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-D-glucose; C12H22O10. -->

Rutter

Rut"ter (?), n. [D. ruiter a rider. Cf. Ruttier.] A horseman or trooper. [Obs.]
Such a regiment of rutters Never defied men braver. Beau. & Fl.

Rutter

Rut"ter, n. [From Rut.] That which ruts.

Rutterkin

Rut"ter*kin (?), n. An old crafty fox or beguiler -- a word of contempt. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

Ruttier

Rut"ti*er (?), n. [F. routier, fr. route a road. See Route.] A chart of a course, esp. at sea. [Obs.]

Ruttish

Rut"tish (?), a. Inclined to rut; lustful; libidinous; salacious. Shak. -- Rut"tish*ness, n.

Ruttle

Rut"tle, n. A rattling sound in the throat arising from difficulty of breathing; a rattle. [Obs.]

Rutty

Rut"ty (?), a. Ruttish; lustful.

Rutty

Rut"ty, a. Full of ruts; as a rutty road.

Rutty

Rut"ty, a. [See Root.] Rooty. [Obs.] Spenser.

Rutylene

Ru"ty*lene (?), n. (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H18, of the acetylene series. It is produced artificially.

Ryal

Ry"al (? ∨ ?), a. Royal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ryal

Ry"al (?), n. See Rial, and old English coin.

Ryder

Ry"der (?), n.

1. A clause added to a document; a rider. See Rider. [Obs.]

2. [D. rijder, properly, a rider.] A gold coin of Zealand [Netherlands] equal to 14 florins, about $ 5.60.

Rye

Rye (?), n. [OE. rie, reie, AS. ryge; akin to Icel. rugr, Sw. r\'86g, Dan. rug, D. rogge, OHG. rocco, roggo, G. rocken, roggen, Lith. rugei, Russ. roje, and perh. To Gr. 'o`ryza rice. Cf. Rice.]

1. (Bot.) A grain yielded by a hardy cereal grass (Secale cereale), closely allied to wheat; also, the plant itself. Rye constitutes a large portion of the breadstuff used by man.

2. A disease in a hawk. Ainsworth. Rye grass, Italian rye grass, (Bot.) See under Grass. See also Ray grass, and Darnel. -- Wild rye (Bot.), any plant of the genus Elymus, tall grasses with much the appearance of rye.

Rynd

Rynd (? ∨ ?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A piece of iron crossing the hole in the upper millstone by which the stone is supported on the spindle.

Ryot

Ry"ot (?), n. [Ar. & Hind. ra'iyat, the same word as ra'iyah, a subject, tenant, peasant. See Rayah.] A peasant or cultivator of the soil. [India]
The Indian ryot and the Egyptian fellah work for less pay than any other laborers in the world. The Nation.

Rypophagous

Ry*poph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Eating, or subsisting on, filth.

Rys

Rys (? ∨ ?), n. A branch. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rysh

Rysh (?), n. Rush, a plant. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Rysimeter

Ry*sim"e*ter (?), n. See Rhysimeter.

Ryth

Ryth (?), n. [Cf. AS. ri brook.] A ford. [Obs.]

Rytina

Ryt"i*na (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large edentulous sirenians, allied to the dugong and manatee, including but one species (R. Stelleri); -- called also Steller's sea cow. [Written also Rhytina.] \'b5 It is now extinct, but was formerly abundant at Behring's Island, near Behring's Straits. It was twenty-five feet or more in length, with a thick, blackish, naked skin. The last were killed in 1768 for their oil and flesh.<-- another man-made extinction -->
Page 1264


Page 1264

S.

S

S (?), the nineteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a consonanat, and is often called a sibilant, in allusion to its hissing sound. It has two principal sounds; one a more hissing, as in sack, this; the other a vocal hissing (the same as that of z), as in is, wise. Besides these it sometimes has the sounds of sh and zh, as in sure, measure. It generally has its hissing sound at the beginning of words, but in the middle and at the end of words its sound is determined by usage. In a few words it is silent, as in isle, d\'82bris. With the letter h it forms the digraph sh. See Guide to pronunciation, \'c5\'c5 255-261. Both the form and the name of the letter S are derived from the Latin, which got the letter through the Greek from the Ph\'91nician. the ultimate origin is Egyptian. S is etymologically most nearly related to c, z, t, and r; as, in ice, OE. is; E. hence, OE. hennes; E. rase, raze; erase, razor; that, G. das; E. reason, F. raison, L. ratio; E. was, were; chair, chaise (see C, Z, T, and R.).

-s

-s.

1. [OE. es, AS. as.] The suffix used to form the plural of most words; as in roads, elfs, sides, accounts.

2. [OE. -s, for older -th, AS. -\'eb.] The suffix used to form the third person singular indicative of English verbs; as in the falls, tells, sends.

3. An adverbial suffix; as in towards, needs, always, -- originally the genitive, possesive, ending. See -'s.

-'s

-'s [OE. -es, AS. -es.] The suffix used to form the possessive singular of nouns; as, boy's; man's.

's

's. A contraction for is or (colloquially) for has. "My heart's subdued." Shak.

Saadh

Sa"adh (?), n.See Sadh.

Saan

Saan (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) Same as Bushmen.

Sabadilla

Sab`a*dil"la (?), n. [Sp. cebadilla.] (Bot.) A Mexican liliaceous plant (Sch\'91nocaulon officinale); also, its seeds, which contain the alkaloid veratrine. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic and purgative.

Sab\'91an

Sa*b\'91"an (?), a. & n. Same as Sabianism.

Sab\'91anism

Sa*b\'91"an*ism (?), n. Same as Sabianism.

Sab\'91ism, Sabaism

Sa"b\'91*ism (?), Sa"ba*ism (?), n. See Sabianism.

Sabal

Sa"bal (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of palm trees including the palmetto of the Southern United States.

Sabaoth

Sab"a*oth (s&acr;b"&asl;*&ocr;th ∨ s&adot;"b&amac;*&ocr;th; 277), n. pl. [Heb. tseb\'be'&omac;th, pl. of ts\'beb\'be', an army or host, fr. ts\'beb\'be', to go forth to war.]

1. Armies; hosts. [Used twice in the English Bible, in the phrase "The Lord of Sabaoth."]

2. Incorrectly, the Sabbath.

Sabbat

Sab"bat (?), n. [See Sabbath.] In medi\'91val demonology, the nocturnal assembly in which demons and sorcerers were thought to celebrate their orgies.

Sabbatarian

Sab`ba*ta"ri*an (?), n. [L. Sabbatarius: cf. F. sabbataire. See Sabbath.]

1. One who regards and keeps the seventh day of the week as holy, aggreeably to the letter of the fourth commandment in the Decalogue. &hand; There were Christians in the early church who held this opinion, and certain Christians, esp. the Seventh-day Baptists, hold it now.

2. A strict observer of the Sabbath.

Sabbatarian

Sab`ba*ta"ri*an, a. Of or pertaining to the Sabbath, or the tenets of Sabbatarians.

Sabbatarianism

Sab`ba*ta"ri*an*ism (?), n. The tenets of Sabbatarians. Bp. Ward. (1673).

Sabbath

Sab"bath (?), n. [OE. sabat, sabbat, F. sabbat, L. sabbatum, Gr. shabb\'beth, fr. sh\'bebath to rest from labor. Cf. Sabbat.]

1. A season or day of rest; one day in seven appointed for rest or worship, the observance of which was enjoined upon the Jews in the Decalogue, and has been continued by the Christian church with a transference of the day observed from the last to the first day of the week, which is called also Lord's Day.

Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Ex. xx. 8.

2. The seventh year, observed among the Israelites as one of rest and festival. Lev. xxv. 4.

3. Fig.: A time of rest or repose; intermission of pain, effort, sorrow, or the like.

Peaceful sleep out the sabbath of the tomb. Pope.
Sabbath breaker, one who violates the law of the Sabbath. -- Sabbath breaking, the violation of the law of the Sabbath. -- Sabbath-day's journey, a distance of about a mile, which, under Rabbinical law, the Jews were allowed to travel on the Sabbath. Syn. -- Sabbath, Sunday. Sabbath is not strictly synonymous with Sunday. Sabbath denotes the institution; Sunday is the name of the first day of the week. The Sabbath of the Jews is on Saturday, and the Sabbath of most Christians on Sunday. In New England, the first day of the week has been called "the Sabbath," to mark it as holy time; Sunday is the word more commonly used, at present, in all parts of the United States, as it is in England. "So if we will be the children of our heavenly Father, we must be careful to keep the Christian Sabbathday, which is the Sunday." Homilies.

Sabbathless

Sab"bath*less, a. Without Sabbath, or intermission of labor; hence, without respite or rest. Bacon.

Sabbatic, Sabbatical

Sab*bat"ic (?), Sab*bat"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. sabbatique.] Of or pertaining to the Sabbath; resembling the Sabbath; enjoying or bringing an intermission of labor. Sabbatical year (Jewish Antiq.), every seventh year, in which the Israelites were commanded to suffer their fields and vineyards to rest, or lie without tillage.

Sabbatism

Sab"ba*tism (?), n. [L. sabbatismus, Gr. sabbatisme. See Sabbath.] Intermission of labor, as upon the Sabbath; rest. Dr. H. More.

Sabbaton

Sab"ba*ton (?), n. [Cf. Sp. zapaton, a large shoe, F. sabot a wooden shoe.] A round-toed, armed covering for the feet, worn during a part of the sixteenth century in both military and civil dress.

Sabean

Sa*be"an (?), a. & n. Same as Sabian.

Sabeism

Sa"be*ism (?), n. Same as Sabianism.

Sabella

Sa*bel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sabulum gravel.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of tubiculous annelids having a circle of plumose gills around head.

Sabellian

Sa*bel"li*an (?), a. Pertaining to the doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See Sabellian, n.

Sabellian

Sa*bel"li*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Sabellius, a presbyter of Ptolemais in the third century, who maintained that there is but one person in the Godhead, and that the Son and Holy Spirit are only different powers, operations, or offices of the one God the Father.

Sabellianism

Sa*bel"li*an*ism (?), n. (Eccl.) The doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See Sabellian, n.

Sabelloid

Sa*bel"loid (?), a. [Sabella + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like, or related to, the genus Sabella. -- Sa*bel"loid, n.

Saber, Sabre

Sa"ber, Sa"bre (?), n. [F. sabre, G. s\'84bel; of uncertain origin; cf. Hung. sz\'a0blya, Pol. szabla, Russ. sabla, and L. Gr. A sword with a broad and heavy blade, thick at the back, and usually more or less curved like a scimiter; a cavalry sword. Saber fish, ∨ Sabre fish (Zo\'94l.), the cutlass fish.

Saber, Sabre

Sa"ber, Sa"bre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sabered (?) or Sabred (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sabering or Sabring (.] [Cf. F. sabrer.] To strike, cut, or kill with a saber; to cut down, as with a saber.
You send troops to saber and bayonet us into submission. Burke.

Saberbill, Sabrebill

Sa"ber*bill`, Sa"bre*bill`, n. (Zo\'94l.) The curlew.

Sabian

Sa"bi*an (?), a. [L. Sabaeus.] [Written also Sabean, and Sab\'91anism.]

1. Of or pertaining to Saba in Arabia, celebrated for producing aromatic plants.

2. Relating to the religion of Saba, or to the worship of the heavenly bodies.

Sabian

Sa"bi*an, n. An adherent of the Sabian religion; a worshiper of the heavenly bodies. [Written also Sab\'91an, and Sabean.]

Sabianism

Sa"bi*an*ism (?), n. The doctrine of the Sabians; the Sabian religion; that species of idolatry which consists in worshiping the sun, moon, and stars; heliolatry. [Written also Sab\'91anism.]

Sabicu

Sab"i*cu (?), n. The very hard wood of a leguminous West Indian tree (Lysilona Sabicu), valued for shipbuilding.

Sabine

Sa"bine (?), a. [L. Sabinus.] Of or pertaining to the ancient Sabines, a people of Italy. -- n. One of the Sabine people.

Sabine

Sab"ine (?), n. [F., fr. L. Sabina herba, fr. Sabini the Sabines. Cf. Savin.] (Bot.) See Savin.

Sable

Sa"ble (?), n. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. s\'a2bole.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. &hand; The sable resembles the marten, but has a longer head and ears. Its fur consists of a soft under wool, with a dense coat of hair, overtopped by another still longer. It varies greatly in color and quality according to the locality and the season of the year. The darkest and most valuable furs are taken in autumn and winter in the colder parts of Siberia, Russia, and British North America. &hand; The American sable, or marten, was formerly considered a distinct species (Mustela Americana), but it differs very little from the Asiatic sable, and is now considered only a geographical variety.

2. The fur of the sable.

3. A mouring garment; a funeral robe; -- generally in the plural. "Sables wove by destiny." Young.

4. (Her.) The tincture black; -- represented by vertical and horizontal lines each other.

Sable

Sa"ble (?), a. Of the color of the sable's fur; dark; black; -- used chiefly in poetry.
Night, sable goddess! from her ebon throne, In rayless majesty, now stretches forth Her leaden scepter o'er a slumbering world. Young.
Sable antelope (Zo\'94l.), a large South African antelope (Hippotragus niger). Both sexes have long, sharp horns. The adult male is black; the female is dark chestnut above, white beneath. -- Sable iron, a superior quality of Russia iron; -- so called because originally stamped with the figure of a sable. -- Sable mouse (Zo\'94l.), the lemming.

Sable

Sa"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sabled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sabling (?).] To render sable or dark; to drape darkly or in black.
Sabled all in black the shady sky. G. Fletcher.

Sabot

Sa`bot" (?), n. [F.]

1. A kind of wooden shoe worn by the peasantry in France, Belgium, Sweden, and some other European countries.

2. (Mil.) A thick, circular disk of wood, to which the cartridge bag and projectile are attached, in fixed ammunition for cannon; also, a piece of soft metal attached to a projectile to take the groove of the rifling.

Saboti\'8are

Sa`bo"ti\'8are (?), n. [F.] A kind of freezer for ices.

Sabre

Sa"bre (?), n. & v. See Saber.

Sabretasche

Sa"bre*tasche` (?), n. [F. sabretache, G. s\'84bel, tasche; s\'84bel salber + tasche a pocket.] (Mil.) A leather case or pocket worn by cavalry at the left side, suspended from the sword belt. Campbell (Dict. Mil. Sci. ).

Sabrina work

Sa*bri"na work` (?). A variety of appliqu\'82 work for quilts, table covers, etc. Caulfeild & S. (Dict. of Needlework).

Sabulose

Sab"u*lose (?), a. [L. sabulosus, from sabulum, sabulo, sand.] (Bot.) Growing in sandy places.

Sabulosity

Sab`u*los"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being sabulous; sandiness; grittiness.

Sabulous

Sab"u*lous (?), a. [L. sabulosus.] Sandy; gritty.

Sac

Sac (?), n. (Ethnol.) See Sace.

Sac

Sac, n. [See Sake, Soc.] (O.Eng. Law) The privilege formerly enjoyed the lord of a manor, of holding courts, trying causes, and imposing fines. Cowell.

Sac

Sac (?), n. [F., fr. L. saccus a sack. See Sack a bag.]

1. See 2d Sack.

2. (Biol.) A cavity, bag, or receptacle, usually containing fluid, and either closed, or opening into another cavity to the exterior; a sack.

Sacalait

Sac"a*lait (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of fresh-water bass; the crappie. [Southern U.S.]

Sacar

Sa"car (?), n. See Saker.

Saccade

Sac*cade" (?), n. [F.] (Man.) A sudden, violent check of a horse by drawing or twitching the reins on a sudden and with one pull.

Saccate

Sac"cate (?), a. [NL. saccatus, fr. L. saccus a sack, bag.]

1. (Biol.) Having the form of a sack or pouch; furnished with a sack or pouch, as a petal.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Saccata, a suborder of ctenophores having two pouches into which the long tentacles can be retracted.

Saccharate

Sac"cha*rate (?), n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharic acid. (b) In a wider sense, a compound of saccharose, or any similar carbohydrate, with such bases as the oxides of calcium, barium, or lead; a sucrate.

Saccharic

Sac*char"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, saccharine substances; specifically, designating an acid obtained, as a white amorphous gummy mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose, sucrose, etc.

Sacchariferous

Sac`cha*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. saccharon sugar + -ferous.] Producing sugar; as, sacchariferous canes.

Saccharify

Sac*char"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saccharified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saccharifing (?).] [L. saccharon sugar + -fy: cf. F. saccharifier.] Toconvert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.

Saccharilla

Sac`cha*ril"la (?), n. A kind of muslin.

Saccharimeter

Sac`cha*rim"e*ter (?), n. [L. saccharon sugar + -meter: cf. F. saccharim\'8atre.] An instrument for ascertain the quantity of saccharine matter in any solution, as the juice of a plant, or brewers' and distillers' worts. [Written also saccharometer.] &hand; The common saccharimeter of the brewer is an hydrometer adapted by its scale to point out the proportion of saccharine matter in a solution of any specific gravity. The polarizing saccharimeter of the chemist is a complex optical apparatus, in which polarized light is transmitted through the saccharine solution, and the proportion of sugar indicated by the relative deviation of the plane of polarization.

Saccharimetrical

Sac`cha*ri*met"ric*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to saccharimetry; obtained saccharimetry.
Page 1265

Saccharimetry

Sac`cha*rim"e*try (?), n. The act, process or method of determining the amount and kind of sugar present in sirup, molasses, and the like, especially by the employment of polarizing apparatus.

Saccharin

Sac"cha*rin (?), n. [F., from L. saccharon sugar.] (Chem.) A bitter white crystalline substance obtained from the saccharinates and regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; -- so called because formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar (saccharose).

Saccharinate

Sac"cha*ri*nate (?), n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharinic acid. (b) A salt of saccharine.

Saccharine

Sac"cha*rine (? ∨ ?), a. [F. saccharin, fr. L. saccharob sugar, Gr. &cced;arkara. Cf. Sugar.] Of or pertaining to sugar; having the qualities of sugar; producing sugar; sweet; as, a saccharine taste; saccharine matter.

Saccharine

Sac"cha*rine (? ∨ ?), n. (Chem.) A trade name for benzoic sulphinide. [Written also saccharin.] <-- A synthetic sweetening agent used (in the form of the sodium salt) as a non-caloric sweetening agent, to avoid gaining weight or for medical purposes. Benzoic sulfimide, C7H5NO3S. -->

Saccharinic

Sac"cha*rin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharin; specifically, designating a complex acid not known in the free state but well known in its salts, which are obtained by boiling dextrose and levulose (invert sugar) with milk of lime.

Saccharize

Sac"cha*rize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saccharized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saccharizing (?).] To convert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.

Saccharoid, Saccharoidal

Sac"cha*roid (?), Sac`cha*roid"al (?), a. [L. saccharon sugar + -oid: cf. F. saccharo\'8bde.] resembling sugar, as in taste, appearance, consistency, or composition; as, saccharoidal limestone.

Saccharometer

Sac`cha*rom"e*ter (?), n. A saccharimeter.

Saccharomyces

Sac`cha*ro*my"ces (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) A genus of budding fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid. They are the active agents in producing fermentation of wine, beer, etc. Saccharomyces cerevisi\'91 is the yeast of sedimentary beer. Also called Torula.<-- Brewers' yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. -->

Saccharomycetes

Sac`cha*ro*my*ce"tes (?), n. pl. (Biol.) A family of fungi consisting of the one genus Saccharomyces.

Saccharonate

Sac"cha*ro*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of saccharonic acid.

Saccharone

Sac"cha*rone (?), n. [Saccharin + lactone,] (Chem.) (a) A white crystalline substance, C6H8O6, obtained by the oxidation of saccharin, and regarded as the lactone of saccharonic acid. (b) An oily liquid, C6H10O2, obtained by the reduction of saccharin.

Saccharonic

Sac`cha*ron"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharone; specifically, designating an unstable acid which is obtained from saccharone (a) by hydration, and forms a well-known series of salts.

Saccharose

Sac"cha*rose` (?), n. (Chem.) Cane sugar; sucrose; also, in general, any one of the group of which saccharose, or sucrose proper, is the type. See Sucrose.

Saccharous

Sac"cha*rous (?), a. Saccharine.

Saccharum

Sac"cha*rum (?), n. [NL. See Saccharine.] (Bot.) A genus of tall tropical grasses including the sugar cane.

Saccholactate

Sac`cho*lac"tate (?), n. [See Saccharolactatic.] (Chem.) A salt of saccholactactic acid; -- formerly called also saccholate. [Obs.] See Mucate.

Saccholactic

Sac`cho*lac"tic (?), a. [L. saccharon sugar + lac, lactis, milk.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid now called mucic acid; saccholic. [Obs.]

Saccholic

Sac*chol"ic (?), a. Saccholatic. [Obs.]

Sacchulmate

Sac*chul"mate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sacchulmic acid.

Sacchulmic

Sac*chul"mic (?), a. [Saccharine + ulmic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained as a dark amorphous substance by the long-continued boiling of sucrose with very dilute sulphuric acid. It resembles humic acid. [Written also sacculmic.]

Sacchulmin

Sac*chul"min (?), n. (Chem.) An amorphous huminlike substance resembling sacchulmic acid, and produced together with it.

Sacciferous

Sac*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. saccus a sack + -ferous.] (Biol.) Bearing a sac.

Sacciform

Sac"ci*form (?), a. [L. saccus a sack + -form.] (Biol.) Having the general form of a sac.

Saccoglossa

Sac`co*glos"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. saccus a sack + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pellibranchiata.

Saccular

Sac"cu*lar (?), a. Like a sac; sacciform.

Sacculated

Sac"cu*la`ted (?), a. Furnished with little sacs.

Saccule

Sac"cule (?), n. [L. sacculus, dim. of saccus sack.] A little sac; specifically, the sacculus of the ear.

Sacculo-cochlear

Sac`cu*lo-coch"le*ar (?), a. (Anat.) pertaining to the sacculus and cochlea of the ear.

Sacculo-utricular

Sac`cu*lo-u*tric"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the sacculus and utriculus of the ear.

Sacculus

Sac"cu*lus (?), n.; pl. Sacculi (#). [L., little sack.] (Anat.) A little sac; esp., a part of the membranous labyrinth of the ear. See the Note under Ear.

Saccus

Sac"cus (?), n.; pl. Sacci (#). [L., a sack.] (Biol.) A sac.

Sacellum

Sa*cel"lum (?), n.; pl. Sacella (#). [L., dim. of sacrum a sacred place.] (a) (Rom. Antiq.) An unroofed space consecrated to a divinity. (b) (Eccl.) A small monumental chapel in a church. Shipley.

Sacerdotal

Sac`er*do"tal (?), a. [L. sacerdotalis, fr. sacerdos, -otis, a priest, fr.sacer holy, sacred: cf. F. sacerdotal.] Of or pertaining to priests, or to the order of priests; relating to the priesthood; priesty; as, sacerdotal dignity; sacerdotal functions.
The ascendency of the sacerdotal order was long the ascendency which naturally and properly belongs to intellectual superiority. Macaulay.

Sacerdotalism

Sac`er*do"tal*ism (?), m. The system, style, spirit, or character, of a priesthood, or sacerdotal order; devotion to the interests of the sacerdotal order.

Sacerdotally

Sac`er*do"tal*ly, adv. In a sacerdotal manner.

Sachel

Sach"el (?), n. A small bag. See Satchel.

Sachem

Sa"chem (?), n. A chief of a tribe of the American Indians; a sagamore.

Sachemdom

Sa"chem*dom (?), n. The government or jurisdiction of a sachem. Dr. T. Dwight.

Sachemship

Sa"chem*ship, n. Office or condition of a sachem.

Sachet

Sa`chet" (?), n. [F., dim. of sac. See Sac.] A scent bag, or perfume cushion, to be laid among handkerchiefe, garments, etc., to perfume them.

Saciety

Sa*ci"e*ty (?), n. Satiety. [Obs.] Bacon.

Sack

Sack (?), n. [OE. seck, F. sec dry (cf. Sp. seco, It secco), from L. siccus dry, harsh; perhaps akin to Gr. sikata sand, Ir. sesc dry, W. hysp. Cf. Desiccate.] A anme formerly given to various dry Spanish wines. "Sherris sack." Shak. Sack posset, a posset made of sack, and some other ingredients.

Sack

Sack, n. [OE. sak, sek, AS. sacc, s\'91cc, L. saccus, Gr. sak; cf. F. sac from the Latin. Cf. Sac, Satchel, Sack to plunder.]

1. A bag for holding and carrying goods of any kind; a receptacle made of some kind of pliable material, as cloth, leather, and the like; a large pouch.

2. A measure of varying capacity, according to local usage and the substance. The American sack of salt is 215 pounds; the sack of wheat, two bushels. McElrath.

3. [Perhaps a different word.] Originally, a loosely hanging garnment for women, worn like a cloak about the shoulders, and serving as a decorative appendage to the gown; now, an outer garment with sleeves, worn by women; as, a dressing saek. [Written also sacque.]

4. A sack coat; a kind of coat worn by men, and extending from top to bottom without a cross seam.

5. (Biol.) See 2d Sac, 2. <--6. [Colloq.] Bed. --> Sack bearer (Zo\'94l.). See Basket worm, under Basket. -- Sack tree (Bot.), an East Indian tree (Antiaris saccidora) which is cut into lengths, and made into sacks by turning the bark inside out, and leaving a slice of the wood for a bottom. -- To give the sack to ∨ get the sack, to discharge, or be discharged, from employment; to jilt, or be jilted. [Slang]<-- hit the sack, go to bed. -->

Sack

Sack, v. t.

1. To put in a sack; to bag; as, to sack corn.

Bolsters sacked in cloth, blue and crimson. L. Wallace.

2. To bear or carry in a sack upon the back or the shoulders. [Colloq.]

Sack

Sack, n. [F. sac plunder, pillage, originally, a pack, packet, booty packed up, fr. L. saccus. See Sack a bag.] the pillage or plunder, as of a town or city; the storm and plunder of a town; devastation; ravage.
The town was stormed, and delivered up to sack, -- by which phrase is to be understood the perpetration of all those outrages which the ruthless code of war allowed, in that age, on the persons and property of the defenseless inhabitants, without regard to sex or age. Prescott.

Sack

Sack, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sacking.] [See Sack pillage.] To plunder or pillage, as a town or city; to devastate; to ravage.
The Romans lay under the apprehension of seeing their city sacked by a barbarous enemy. Addison.

Sackage

Sack"age (?; 48), n. The act of taking by storm and pillaging; sack. [R.] H. Roscoe.

Sackbut

Sack"but (?), n. [F. saquebute, OF. saqueboute a sackbut. earlier, a sort of hook attached to the end of a lance used by foot soldiers to unhorse cavalrymen; prop. meaning, pull and push; fr. saquier, sachier, to pull, draw (perhaps originally, to put into a bag or take out from a bag; see Sack a bag) + bouter to push (see Butt to thrust). The name was given to the musical instrument from its being lengthened and shortened.] (Mus.) A brass wind instrument, like a bass trumpet, so contrived that it can be lengthened or shortened according to the tone required; -- said to be the same as the trombone. [Written also sagbut.] Moore (Encyc. of Music). &hand; The sackbut of the Scriptures is supposed to have been a stringed instrument.

Sackcloth

Sack"cloth` (?; 115), n. Linen or cotton cloth such a sacks are made of; coarse cloth; anciently, a cloth or garment worn in mourning, distress, mortification, or penitence.
Gird you with sackcloth, and mourn before Abner. 2 Sam. iii. 31.
Thus with sackcloth I invest my woe. Sandys.

sackclothed

sack"clothed` (?), a. Clothed in sackcloth.

Sacker

Sack"er (?), n. One who sacks; one who takes part in the storm and pillage of a town.

Sackful

Sack"ful (?), n.; pl. Sackfuls (. As much as a sack will hold.

Sackful

Sack"ful, a. Bent on plunder. [Obs.] Chapman.

Sacking

Sack"ing, n. [AS. s\'91ccing, from s\'91cc sack, bag.] Stout, coarse cloth of which sacks, bags, etc., are made.

Sackless

Sack"less, a. [AS. sacle\'a0s; sacu contention + le\'a0s loose, free from.] Quiet; peaceable; harmless; innocent. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Sack-winged

Sack"-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a peculiar pouch developed near the front edge of the wing; -- said of certain bats of the genus Saccopteryx.

Sacque

Sacque (?), n. [Formed after the analogy of the French. See 2d Sack.] Same as 2d Sack, 3.

Sacral

Sa"cral (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sacrum; in the region of the sacrum.

Sacrament

Sac"ra*ment (?), n. [L. sacramentum an oath, a sacred thing, a mystery, a sacrament, fr. sacrare to declare as sacred, sacer sacred: cf. F. sacrament. See Sacred.]

1. The oath of allegiance taken by Roman soldiers; hence, a sacred ceremony used to impress an obligation; a solemn oath-taking; an oath. [Obs.]

I'll take the sacrament on't. Shak.

2. The pledge or token of an oath or solemn cobenant; a sacred thing; a mystery. [Obs.]

God sometimes sent a light of fire, and pillar of a cloud . . . and the sacrament of a rainbow, to guide his people through their portion of sorrows. Jer. Taylor.

3. (Theol.) One of the solemn religious ordinances enjoined by Christ, the head of the Christian church, to be observed by his followers; hence, specifically, the eucharist; the Lord's Supper. Syn. -- Sacrament, Eucharist. -- Protestants apply the term sacrament to baptism and the Lord's Supper, especially the latter. The R. Cath. and Greek churches have five other sacraments, viz., confirmation, penance, holy orders, matrimony, and extreme unction. As sacrament denotes an oath or vow, the word has been applied by way of emphasis to the Lord's Supper, where the most sacred vows are renewed by the Christian in commemorating the death of his Redeemer. Eucharist denotes the giving of thanks; and this term also has been applied to the same ordinance, as expressing the grateful remembrance of Christ's sufferings and death. "Some receive the sacrament as a means to procure great graces and blessings; others as an eucharist and an office of thanksgiving for what they have received." Jer. Taylor.

Sacrament

Sac"ra*ment (?), v. t. To bind by an oath. [Obs.] Laud.

Sacramental

Sac`ra*men"tal (?), a. [L. sacramentalis: cf. F. sacramental, sacramentel.]

1. Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the sacraments; of the nature of a sacrament; sacredly or solemny binding; as, sacramental rites or elements.

2. Bound by a sacrament.

The sacramental host of God's elect. Cowper.

Sacramental

Sac`ra*men"tal, n. That which relates to a sacrament. Bp. Morton.

Sacramentalism

Sac`ra*men"tal*ism (?), n. The doctrine and use of sacraments; attashment of excessive importance to sacraments.

Sacramentalist

Sac`ra*men"tal*ist, n. One who holds the doctrine of the real objective presence of Christ;s body and blood in the holy eucharist. Shipley.

Sacramentally

Sac`ra*men"tal*ly, adv. In a sacrament manner.

Sacramentarian

Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an (?), n. [LL. sacramentarius: cf. F. sacramentaire.]

1. (Eccl.) A name given in the sixteenth century to those German reformers who rejected both the Roman and the Lutheran doctrine of the holy eucharist.

2. One who holds extreme opinions regarding the efficacy of sacraments.

Sacramentarian

Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an, a.

1. Of or pertaining a sacrament, or to the sacramentals; sacramental.

2. Of or pertaining to the Sacramentarians.

Sacramenttary

Sac`ra*ment"ta*ry (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining a sacrament or the sacraments; sacramental.

2. Of or pertaining to the Sacramentarians.

Sacramentary

Sac`ra*men"ta*ry, n.; pl. -ries (#). [LL. sacramentarium: cf. F. sacramentaire.]

1. An ancient book of the Roman Catholic Church, written by Pope Gelasius, and revised, corrected, and abridged by St. Gregory, in which were contained the rites for Mass, the sacraments, the dedication of churches, and other ceremonies. There are several ancient books of the same kind in France and Germany.

2. Same as Sacramentarian, n., 1.

Papists, Anabaptists, and Sacramentaries. Jer. Taylor.

Sacramentize

Sac"ra*ment*ize (?), v. i. To administer the sacraments. [R.]
Both to preach and sacramentize. Fuller.

Sacrarium

Sa*cra"ri*um (?), n.; pl. -ria (#). [L., fr. sacer sacred.]

1. A sort of family chapel in the houses of the Romans, devoted to a special divinity.

2. The adytum of a temple. Gwilt.

3. In a Christian church, the sanctuary.

Sacrate

Sa"crate (?), v. t. [L. sacratus, p.p. of sacrare. See Sacred.] To consecrate. [Obs.]

Sacration

Sa*cra"tion (?), n. Consecration. [Obs.]

Sacre

Sa"cre (?), n. See Sakker.

Sacre

Sa"cre, v. t. [F. sacrer. See Sacred.] To consecrate; to make sacred. [Obs.] Holland.

Sacred

Sa"cred (?), a. [Originally p.p. of OE. sacren to consecrate, F. sacrer, fr. L. sacrare, fr. sacer sacred, holy, cursed. Cf. Consecrate, Execrate, Saint, Sextion.]

1. Set apart by solemn religious ceremony; especially, in a good sense, made holy; set apart to religious use; consecrated; not profane or common; as, a sacred place; a sacred day; sacred service.

2. Relating to religion, or to the services of religion; not secular; religious; as, sacred history.

Smit with the love of sacred song. Milton.

3. Designated or exalted by a divine sanction; possessing the highest title to obedience, honor, reverence, or veneration; entitled to extreme reverence; venerable.

Such neighbor nearness to our sacred [royal] blood Should nothing privilege him. Shak.
Poet and saint to thee alone were given, The two most sacred names of earth and heaven. Cowley.

4. Hence, not to be profaned or violated; inviolable.

Secrets of marriage still are sacred held. Dryden.

5. Consecrated; dedicated; devoted; -- with to.

A temple, sacred to the queen oflove. Dryden.

6. Solemnly devoted, in a bad sense, as to evil, vengeance, curse, or the like; accursed; baleful. [Archaic]

But, to destruction sacred and devote. Milton.

Page 1266

Society of the Sacred Heart (R.C. Ch.), a religious order of women, founded in France in 1800, and approved in 1826. It was introduced into America in 1817. The members of the order devote themselves to the higher branches of female education. -- Sacred baboon. (Zo\'94l.) See Hamadryas. -- Sacred bean (Bot.), a seed of the Oriental lotus (Nelumbo speciosa or Nelimbium speciosum), a plant resembling a water lily; also, the plant itself. See Lotus. -- Sacred beetle (Zo\'94l.) See Scarab. -- Sacred canon. See Canon, n., 3. -- Sacred fish (Zo\'94l.), any one of fresh-water African fishes of the family Mormyrid\'91. Several large species inhabit the Nile and were considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians; especially Mormyris oxyrhynchus. -- Sacred ibis. See Ibis. -- Sacred monkey. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any Asiatic monkey of the genus Semnopitchecus, regarded as sacred by the Hindoos; especially, the entellus. See Entellus. (b) The sacred baboon. See Hamadryas. (c) The blunder monkey. -- Sacred place (Civil Law), the place where a deceased person is buried. Syn. -- Holy; divine; hallowed; consecrated; dedicated; devoted; religious; venerable; reverend. -- Sa"cred*ly (#), adv. -- Sa"cred*ness, n.

Sacrific, Sacrifical

Sacrif"ic (?), Sa*crif"ic*al (?), a. [L. sacrificus, sacrificalis. See Sacrifice.] Employed in sacrifice. [R.] Johnson.

Sacrificable

Sa*crif"ic*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being offered in sacrifice. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Sacrificant

Sa*crif"ic*ant (?), n. [L. sacrificans, p.pr. See Sacrifice.] One who offers a sacrifice. [R.]

Sacrificator

Sac"ri*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] A sacrificer; one who offers a sacrifice. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Sacrifictory

Sa*crif"ic*to*ry (?), n. [Cf. F. sacrificatoire.] Offering sacrifice. [R.] Sherwood.

Sacrifice

Sac"ri*fice (?; 277), n. [OE. sacrifise, sacrifice, F. sacrifice, fr. L. sacrificium; sacer sacer + facere to make. See Sacred, and Fact.]

1. The offering of anything to God, or to a god; consecratory rite.

Great pomp, and sacrifice, and praises loud, To Dagon. Milton.

2. Anything consecrated and offered to God, or to a divinity; an immolated victin, or an offering of any kind, laid upon an altar, or otherwise presented in the way of religious thanksgiving, atonement, or conciliation.

Moloch, horrid king, besmeared with blood Of human sacrifice. Milton.
My life, if thou preserv's my life, Thy sacrifice shall be. Addison.

3. Destruction or surrender of anything for the sake of something else; devotion of some desirable object in behalf of a higher object, or to a claim deemed more pressing; hence, also, the thing so devoted or given up; as, the sacrifice of interest to pleasure, or of pleasure to interest.

4. A sale at a price less than the cost or the actual value. [Tradesmen's Cant] Burnt sacrifice. See Burnt offering, under Burnt. -- Sacrifice hit (Baseball), in batting, a hit of such a kind that the batter loses his chance of tallying, but enables one or more who are on bases to get home or gain a base.

Sacrifice

Sac"ri*fice (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sacrificed (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sacrificing (.] [From Sacrifice, n.: cf. F. sacrifier, L. sacrificare; sacer sacred, holy + -ficare (only in comp.) to make. See -fy.]

1. To make an offering of; to consecrate or present to a divinity by way of expiation or propitiation, or as a token acknowledgment or thanksgiving; to immolate on the altar of God, in order to atone for sin, to procure favor, or to express thankfulness; as, to sacrifice an ox or a sheep.

Oft sacrificing bullock, lamb, or kid. Milton.

2. Hence, to destroy, surrender, or suffer to be lost, for the sake of obtaining something; to give up in favor of a higher or more imperative object or duty; to devote, with loss or suffering.

Condemned to sacrifice his childish years To babbling ignorance, and to empty fears. Prior.
The Baronet had sacrificed a large sum . . . for the sake of . . . making this boy his heir. G. Eliot.

3. To destroy; to kill. Johnson.

4. To sell at a price less than the cost or the actual value. [Tradesmen's Cant]

Sacrifice

Sac"ri*fice, v. i. To make offerings to God, or to a deity, of things consumed on the altar; to offer sacrifice.
O teacher, some great mischief hath befallen To that meek man, who well had sacrificed. Milton.

Sacrificer

Sac"ri*fi`cer (?), n. One who sacrifices.

Sacrificial

Sac`ri*fi"cial (?), a. Of or pertaining to sacrifice or sacrifices; consisting in sacrifice; performing sacrifice. "Sacrificial rites." Jer. Taylor.

Sacrilege

Sac"ri*lege (?), n. [F. sacril\'8age, L. sacrilegium, from sacrilegus that steals, properly, gathers or picks up, sacred things; sacer sacred + legere to gather, pick up. See Sacred, and Legend.] The sin or crime of violating or profaning sacred things; the alienating to laymen, or to common purposes, what has been appropriated or consecrated to religious persons or uses.
And the hid treasures in her sacred tomb With sacrilege to dig. Spenser.
Families raised upon the ruins of churches, and enriched with the spoils of sacrilege. South.

Sacrilegious

Sac`ri*le"gious (?), a. [From sacrilege: cf. L. sacrilegus.] Violating sacred things; polluted with sacrilege; involving sacrilege; profane; impious.
Above the reach of sacrilegious hands. pope.
-- Sac`ri*le"gious*ly, adv. -- Sac`ri*le"gious*ness, n.

Sacrilegist

Sac"ri*le`gist (?), n. One guilty of sacrilege.

Sacring

Sac"ring (?), a. & n. from Sacre. Sacring bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus.

Sacrist

Sa"crist (?), n. [LL. sacrista. See Sacristan.] A sacristan; also, a person retained in a cathedral to copy out music for the choir, and take care of the books.

Sacristan

Sac"ris*tan (?), n. [F. sacristian, LL. sacrista, fr. L. sacer. See Sacred, and cf. Sexton.] An officer of the church who has the care of the utensils or movables, and of the church in general; a sexton.

Sacristy

Sac"ris*ty (?), n.; pl. Sacristies (#). [F. sacristie, LL. sacristia, fr. L. sacer. See Sacred.] A apartment in a church where the sacred utensils, vestments, etc., are kept; a vestry.

Sacro-

Sa"cro- (. (Anat.) A combining form denoting connection with, or relation to, the sacrum, as in sacro-coccyageal, sacro-iliac, sacrosciatic.

Sacrosanct

Sac"ro*sanct (?), a. [L. sucrosanctus.] Sacred; inviolable. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Sacrosciatic

Sa`cro*sci*at"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the sacrum and the hip; as, the sacrosciatic formina formed by the sacrosciatic ligaments which connect the sacrum and hip bone.

Sacrovertebral

Sa`cro*ver"te*bral (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sacrum and that part of the vertebral column immediately anterior to it; as, the sacrovertebral angle.

sacrum

sa"crum (?), n.; pl. sacra (. [NL., fr. L. sacer sacred, os sacrum the lowest bone of the spine.] (Anat.) That part of the vertebral column which is directly connected with, or forms a part of, the pelvis.
&hand; It may consist of a single vertebra or of several more or less consolidated. In man it forms the dorsal, or posterior, wall of the pelvis, and consists of five united vertebr\'91, which diminish in size very rapidly to the posterior extremity, which bears the coccyx.

Sacs

Sacs (?), n. pl.; sing. Sac (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians, which, together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region about Green Bay, Wisconsin. [Written also Sauks.]

Sad

Sad (?), a. [Compar. Sadder (?); supperl. Saddest.] [OE. sad sated, tired, satisfied, firm, steadfast, AS. s\'91d satisfied, sated; akin to D. zat, OS. sad, G. tt, OHG. sat, sa, saddr, Goth. saps, Lith. sotus, L. sat, satis, enough, satur sated, Gr. Assets, Sate, Satiate, Satisfy Satire.]

1. Sated; satisfied; weary; tired. [Obs.]

Yet of that art they can not waxen sad, For unto them it is a bitter sweet. Chaucer.

2. Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard. [Obs., except in a few phrases; as, sad bread.]

His hand, more sad than lump of lead. Spenser.
Chalky lands are naturally cold and sad. Mortimer.

3. Dull; grave; dark; somber; -- said of colors. "Sad-colored clothes." Walton.

Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of all sad colors. Mortimer.

4. Serious; grave; sober; steadfast; not light or frivolous. [Obs.] "Ripe and sad courage." Bacon.

Which treaty was wisely handled by sad and discrete counsel of both parties. Ld. Berners.

5. Affected with grief or unhappiness; cast down with affliction; downcast; gloomy; mournful.

First were we sad, fearing you would not come; Now sadder, that you come so unprovided. Shak.
The angelic guards ascended, mute and sad. Milton.

6. Afflictive; calamitous; causing sorrow; as, a sad accident; a sad misfortune.

7. Hence, bad; naughty; troublesome; wicked. [Colloq.] "Sad tipsy fellows, both of them." I. Taylor. &hand; Sad is sometimes used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, sad-colored, sad-eyed, sad-hearted, sad-looking, and the like. Sad bread, heavy bread. [Scot. & Local, U.S.] Bartlett. Syn. -- Sorrowful; mournful; gloomy; dejected; depressed; cheerless; downcast; sedate; serious; grave; grievous; afflictive; calamitous.

Sad

Sad, v. t. To make sorrowful; to sadden. [Obs.]
How it sadded the minister's spirits! H. Peters.

Sadda

Sad"da (?), n. [Per. sad-dar the hundred gates or ways; sad a hundred + dar door, way.] A work in the Persian tongue, being a summary of the Zend-Avesta, or sacred books.

Sadden

Sad"den (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saddened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saddening.] To make sad. Specifically: (a) To render heavy or cohesive. [Obs.]
Marl is binding, and saddening of land is the great prejudice it doth to clay lands. Mortimer.
(b) To make dull- or sad-colored, as cloth. (c) To make grave or serious; to make melancholy or sorrowful.
Her gloomy presence saddens all the scene. Pope.

Sadden

Sad"den, v. i. To become, or be made, sad. Tennyson.

Sadder

Sad"der (?), n. Same as Sadda.

Saddle

Sad"dle (?), n. [OE. sadel, AS. sadol; akin to D. zadel, G. sattel, OHG. satal, satul, Icel. s\'94&edh;ull, Dan. & Sw. sadel; cf. Russ. siedlo; all perh. ultimately from the root of E. sit.]

1. A seat for a rider, -- usually made of leather, padded to span comfortably a horse's back, furnished with stirrups for the rider's feet to rest in, and fastened in place with a girth; also, a seat for the rider on a bicycle or tricycle.

2. A padded part of a harness which is worn on a horse's back, being fastened in place with a girth. It serves various purposes, as to keep the breeching in place, carry guides for the reins, etc.

3. A piece of meat containing a part of the backbone of an animal with the ribs on each side; as, a saddle of mutton, of venison, etc.

4. (Naut.) A block of wood, usually fastened to some spar, and shaped to receive the end of another spar.

5. (Mach.) A part, as a flange, which is hollowed out to fit upon a convex surface and serve as a means of attachment or support.

6. (Zo\'94l.) The clitellus of an earthworm.

7. (Arch.) The threshold of a door, when a separate piece from the floor or landing; -- so called because it spans and covers the joint between two floors. Saddle bar (Arch.), one the small iron bars to which the lead panels of a glazed window are secured. Oxf. Gloss. -- Saddle gall (Far.), a sore or gall upon a horse's back, made by the saddle. -- Saddle girth, a band passing round the body of a horse to hold the saddle in its place. -- saddle horse, a horse suitable or trained for riding with a saddle. -- Saddle joint, in sheet-metal roofing, a joint formed by bending up the edge of a sheet and folding it downward over the turned-up edge of the next sheet. -- Saddle roof (Arch.), a roof having two gables and one ridge; -- said of such a roof when used in places where a different form is more common; as, a tower surmounted by a saddle roof. Called also saddleback roof. -- Saddle shell (Zo\'94l.), any thin plicated bivalve shaell of the genera Placuna and Anomia; -- so called from its shape. Called also saddle oyster.

Saddle

Sad"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saddling (?).] [AS. sadelian.]

1. To put a saddle upon; to equip (a beast) for riding. "saddle my horse." Shak.

2. Hence: To fix as a charge or burden upon; to load; to encumber; as, to saddle a town with the expense of bridges and highways.

Saddleback

Sad"dle*back` (?), a. Same as Saddle-backed. Saddleback roof. (Arch.) See Saddle roof, under Saddle.

Saddleback

Sad"dle*back`, n.

1. Anything saddle-backed; esp., a hill or ridge having a concave outline at the top.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The harp seal. (b) The great blackbacked gull (Larus marinus). (c) The larva of a bombycid moth (Empretia stimulea) which has a large, bright green, saddle-shaped patch of color on the back.

Saddle-backed

Sad"dle-backed` (?), a.

1. Having the outline of the upper part concave like the seat of a saddle.

2. Having a low back and high neck, as a horse.

Saddlebags

Sad"dle*bags (?), n. pl. Bags, usually of leather, united by straps or a band, formerly much used by horseback riders to carry small articles, one bag hanging on each side.

Saddlebow

Sad"dle*bow` (?), n. [AS. sadelboga.] The bow or arch in the front part of a saddle, or the pieces which form the front.

Saddlecloth

Sad"dle*cloth` (?; 115), n. A cloth under a saddle, and extending out behind; a housing.

Saddled

Sad"dled (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a broad patch of color across the back, like a saddle; saddle-backed.

Saddler

Sad"dler (?), n. .One who makes saddles.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A harp seal.

Saddlery

Sad"dler*y (?), n.

1. The materials for making saddles and harnesses; the articles usually offered for sale in a saddler's shop.

2. The trade or employment of a saddler.

Saddle-shaped

Sad"dle-shaped` (?), a. Shaped like a saddle. Specifically: (a) (Bot.) Bent down at the sides so as to give the upper part a rounded form. Henslow. (b) (Geol.) Bent on each side of a mountain or ridge, without being broken at top; -- said of strata.

Saddletree

Sad"dle*tree` (?), n. The frame of a saddle.
For saddletree scarce reached had he, His journey to begin. Cowper.

Sadducaic

Sad`du*ca"ic (?; 135), a. Pertaining to, or like, the Sadducees; as, Sadducaic reasonings.

Sadducee

Sad"du*cee (?), n. [L. Sadducaei, p., Gr. Tsadd&umac;k\'c6m; -- so called from Ts\'bed&omac;k, the founder of the sect.] One of a sect among the ancient Jews, who denied the resurrection, a future state, and the existence of angels. -- Sad`du*ce"an (#), a.

Sadduceeism, Sadducism

Sad"du*cee`ism (?), Sad"du*cism (?), n. The tenets of the Sadducees.

Sadducize

Sad"du*cize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sadducized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sadducizing (?).] To adopt the principles of the Sadducees. Atterbury.

Sadh

Sadh (?), n. [Skr. s\'bedhu perfect, pure.] A member of a monotheistic sect of Hindoos. Sadhs resemble the Quakers in many respects. Balfour (cyc. of India).

Sadiron

Sad"i`ron (?), n. [Probably sad heavy + iron.] An iron for smoothing clothes; a flatiron.

Sadly

Sad"ly, adv.

1. Wearily; heavily; firmly. [Obs.]

In go the spears full sadly in arest. Chaucer.

2. Seriously; soberly; gravely. [Obs.]

To tell thee sadly, shepherd, without blame Or our neglect, we lost her as we came. Milton.

3. Grievously; deeply; sorrowfully; miserably. "He sadly suffers in their grief." Dryden.

Sadness

Sad"ness, n.

1. Heaviness; firmness. [Obs.]

2. Seriousness; gravity; discretion. [Obs.]

Her sadness and her benignity. Chaucer.

3. Quality of being sad, or unhappy; gloominess; sorrowfulness; dejection.

Dim sadness did not spare That time celestial visages. Milton.
Syn. -- Sorrow; heaviness; dejection. See Grief.

Sadr

Sadr (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Ziziphus (Z. lotus); -- so called by the Arabs of Barbary, who use its berries for food. See Lotus (b).

Saengerfest

Saeng"er*fest (?), n. [G. s\'84ngerfest.] A festival of singers; a German singing festival.
Page 1267

Safe

Safe (?), a. [Compar. Safer (?); superl. Safest.] [OE. sauf, F. sauf, fr. L. salvus, akin to salus health, welfare, safety. Cf. Salute, Salvation, Sage a plant, Save, Salvo an exception.]

1. Free from harm, injury, or risk; untouched or unthreatened by danger or injury; unharmed; unhurt; secure; whole; as, safe from disease; safe from storms; safe from foes. "And ye dwelled safe." 1 Sam. xii. 11.

They escaped all safe all safe to land. Acts xxvii. 44.
Established in a safe, unenvied throne. Milton.

2. Conferring safety; securing from harm; not exposing to danger; confining securely; to be relied upon; not dangerous; as, a safe harbor; a safe bridge, etc. "The man of safe discretion." Shak.

The King of heaven hath doomed This place our dungeon, not our safe retreat. Milton.

3. Incapable of doing harm; no longer dangerous; in secure care or custody; as, the prisoner is safe.

But Banquo's safe? Ay, my good lord, safe in a ditch he bides. Shak.
Safe hit (Baseball), a hit which enables the batter to get to first base even if no error is made by the other side.<-- safe house, a residence where a person in hiding from the authorities or other persons may stay without being discovered. --> Syn. -- Secure; unendangered; sure.

Safe

Safe (?), n. A place for keeping things in safety. Specifically: (a) A strong and fireproof receptacle (as a movable chest of steel, etc., or a closet or vault of brickwork) for money, valuable papers, or the like. (b) A ventilated or refrigerated chest or closet for securing provisions from noxious animals or insects.

Safe

Safe, v. t. To render safe; to make right. [Obs.] Shak.

Safe-conduct

Safe"-con"duct (?), n. [Safe + conduct: cf. F. sauf-conduit.] That which gives a safe, passage; either (a) a convoy or guard to protect a person in an enemy's country or a foreign country, or (b) a writing, pass, or warrant of security, given to a person to enable him to travel with safety. Shak.

Safe-conduct

Safe`-con*duct" (?), v. t. To conduct safely; to give safe-conduct to. [POetic]
He him by all the bonds of love besought To safe-conduct his love. Spenser.

Safequard

Safe"quard` (?), n. [Safe = quard: cf. F. sauvegarde.]

1. One who, or that which, defends or protects; defense; protection. Shak.

Thy sword, the safequard of thy brother's throne. Granwille.

2. A convoy or quard to protect a traveler or property.

3. A pass; a passport; a safe-conduct. Shak.

Safequard

Safe"quard`, v. t. To quard; to protect. Shak.

Safe-keeping

Safe"-keep"ing (?), n. [Safe + keep.] The act of keeping or preserving in safety from injury or from escape; care; custody.

Safely

Safe"ly, adv. In a safe manner; danger, injury, loss, or evil consequences.

Safeness

Safe"ness, n. The quality or state of being safe; freedom from hazard, danger, harm, or loss; safety; security; as the safeness of an experiment, of a journey, or of a possession.

Safe-pledge

Safe"-pledge" (?), n. (Law) A surety for the appearance of a person at a given time. Bracton.

Safety

Safe"ty (?), n. [Cf. F. sauvet\'82.]

1. The condition or state of being safe; freedom from danger or hazard; exemption from hurt, injury, or loss.

Up led by thee, Into the heaven I have presumed, An earthly guest . . . With like safety guided down, Return me to my native element. Milton.

2. Freedom from whatever exposes one to danger or from libility to cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the quality of making safe or secure, or of giving confidence, justifying trust, insuring against harm or loss, etc.

Would there were any safety in thy sex, That I might put a thousand sorrows off. Beau. & Fl.

3. Preservation from escape; close custody.

Imprison him, . . . Deliver him to safety; and return. Shak.

4. (Football) Same as Safety touchdown, below. Safety arch (Arch.), a discharging arch. See under Discharge, v. t. -- Safety belt, a belt made of some buoyant material, or which is capable of being inflated, so as to enable a person to float in water; a life preserver. -- Safety buoy, a buoy to enable a person to float in water; a safety belt. -- Safety cage (Mach.), a cage for an elevator or mine lift, having appliances to prevent it from dropping if the lifting rope should break. -- Safety lamp. (Mining) See under Lamp. -- Safety match, a match which can be ignited only on a surface specially prepared for the purpose. -- Safety pin, a pin made in the form of a clasp, with a guard covering its point so that it will not prick the wearer. -- safety plug. See Fusible plug, under Fusible. -- Safety switch. See Switch. -- Safety touchdown (Football), the act or result of a player's touching to the ground behind his own goal line a ball which received its last impulse from a man on his own side; -- distinguished from touchback. See Touchdown.<-- also called safety. --> -- Safety tube (Chem.), a tube to prevent explosion, or to control delivery of gases by an automatic valvular connection with the outer air; especially, a bent funnel tube with bulbs for adding those reagents which produce unpleasant fumes or violent effervescence. -- Safety valve, a valve which is held shut by a spring or weight and opens automatically to permit the escape of steam, or confined gas, water, etc., from a boiler, or other vessel, when the pressure becomes too great for safety; also, sometimes, a similar valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, to prevent collapse.

Safflow

Saf"flow (?), n. (Bot.) The safflower. [Obs.]

Safflower

Saf"flow`er (?), n. [F. safeur, safior, for safran, influenced by fleur flower. See Saffron, and Flower.]

1. (Bot.) An annual composite plant (Carthamus tinctorius), the flowers of which are used as a dyestuff and in making rouge; bastard, or false, saffron.

2. The died flowers of the Carthamus tinctorius.

3. A dyestuff from these flowers. See Safranin (b). Oil of safflower, a purgative oil expressed from the seeds of the safflower.

Saffron

Saf"fron (?; 277), n. [OE. saffran, F. safran; cf. It. zafferano, Sp. azafran, Pg. a&cced;afr&atil;o; all fr. Ar. & Per. za' far\'ben.]

1. (Bot.) A bulbous iridaceous plant (Crocus sativus) having blue flowers with large yellow stigmas. See Crocus.

2. The aromatic, pungent, dried stigmas, usually with part of the stile, of the Crocus sativus. Saffron is used in cookery, and in coloring confectionery, liquors, varnishes, etc., and was formerly much used in medicine.

3. An orange or deep yellow color, like that of the stigmas of the Crocus sativus. Bastard saffron, Dyer's saffron. (Bot.) See Safflower. -- Meadow saffron (Bot.), a bulbous plant (Colchichum autumnate) of Europe, resembling saffron. -- Saffron wood (Bot.), the yellowish wood of a South African tree (El\'91odendron croceum); also, the tree itself. -- Saffron yellow, a shade of yellow like that obtained from the stigmas of the true saffron (Crocus sativus).

Saffron

Saf"fron (?; 277), a. Having the color of the stigmas of saffron flowers; deep orange-yellow; as, a saffron face; a saffron streamer.

Saffron

Saf"fron, v. t. To give color and flavor to, as by means of saffron; to spice. [Obs.]
And in Latyn I speak a wordes few, To saffron with my predication. Chaucer.

Saffrony

Saf"fron*y (?), a. Having a color somewhat like saffron; yellowish. Lord (1630).

Safranin

Saf"ra*nin (?), n. (Chem.) (a) An orange-red dyestuff extracted from the saffron. [R.] (b) A red dyestuff extracted from the safflower, and formerly used in dyeing wool, silk, and cotton pink and scarlet; -- called also Spanish red, China lake, and carthamin. (c) An orange-red dyestuff prepared from certain nitro compounds of creosol, and used as a substitute for the safflower dye.

Safranine

Saf"ra*nine (? ∨ ?), n. [So called because used as a substitute for safranin.] (Chem.) An orange-red nitrogenous dyestuff produced artificailly by oxidizing certain aniline derivatives, and used in dyeing silk and wool; also, any one of the series of which safranine proper is the type.

Sag

Sag (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sagging (?).] [Akin to Sw. sacka to settle, sink down, LG.sacken, D. zakken. Cf. Sink, v. i.]

1. To sink, in the middle, by its weight or under applied pressure, below a horizontal line or plane; as, a line or cable supported by its ends sags, though tightly drawn; the floor of a room sags; hence, to lean, give way, or settle from a vertical position; as, a building may sag one way or another; a door sags on its hinges.

2. Fig.: To lose firmness or elasticity; to sink; to droop; to flag; to bend; to yield, as the mind or spirits, under the pressure of care, trouble, doubt, or the like; to be unsettled or unbalanced. [R.]

the mind I sway by, and the heart I bear, Shall never sag with doubt nor shake with fear. Shak.

3. To loiter in walking; to idle along; to drag or droop heavily. To sag to leeward (Naut.), to make much leeway by reason of the wind, sea, or current; to drift to leeward; -- said of a vessel. Totten.

Sag

Sag, v. t. To cause to bend or give way; to load.

Sag

Sag, n. State of sinking or bending; sagging.

Saga

Sa"ga (?), n.; pl. Sagas (#). [Icel., akin to E. saw a saying. See Say, and cf. Saw.] A Scandinavian legend, or heroic or mythic tradition, among the Norsemen and kindred people; a northern European popular historical or religious tale of olden time.
And then the blue-eyed Norseman told A saga of the days of old. Longfellow.

Sagacious

Sa*ga"cious (?), a. [L. sagax, sagacis, akin to sagire to perceive quickly or keenly, and probably to E. seek. See Seek, and cf. Presage.]

1. Of quick sense perceptions; keen-scented; skilled in following a trail.

Sagacious of his quarry from so far. Milton.

2. Hence, of quick intellectual perceptions; of keen penetration and judgment; discerning and judicious; knowing; far-sighted; shrewd; sage; wise; as, a sagacious man; a sagacious remark.

Instinct . . . makes them, many times, sagacious above our apprehension. Dr. H. More.
Only sagacious heads light on these observations, and reduce them into general propositions. Locke.
Syn. -- See Shrewd. -- Sa*ga"cious*ly, adv. -- Sa-ga"cious*ness, n.

Sagacity

Sa*gac"i*ty (?), n. [L. sagacitas. See Sagacious.] The quality of being sagacious; quickness or acuteness of sense perceptions; keenness of discernment or penetration with soundness of judgment; shrewdness.
Some [brutes] show that nice sagacity of smell. Cowper.
Natural sagacity improved by generous education. V. Knox.
Syn. -- Penetration; shrewdness; judiciousness. -- Sagacity, Penetration. Penetration enables us to enter into the depths of an abstruse subject, to detect motives, plans, etc. Sagacity adds to penetration a keen, practical judgment, which enables one to guard against the designs of others, and to turn everything to the best possible advantage.

Sagamore

Sag"a*more (?), n.

1. [Cf. Sachem.] The head of a tribe among the American Indians; a chief; -- generally used as synonymous with sachem, but some writters distinguished between them, making the sachem a chief of the first rank, and a sagamore one of the second rank. "Be it sagamore, sachem, or powwow." Longfellow.

2. A juice used in medicine. [Obs.] Johnson.

Sagapen

Sag"a*pen (?), n. Sagapenum.

Sagapenum

Sag`a*pe"num (?), n. [L. sagapenon, sacopenium, Gr. sagapin, gomme sagapin, sagap\'82num, Ar. sikb\'c6naj, Per. sakb\'c6nah, sikb\'c6nah.] (Med.) A fetid gum resin obtained from a species of Ferula. It has been used in hysteria, etc., but is now seldom met with. U. S. Disp.

Sagthy

Sag"*thy (?), n. [F. sagatis: cf. Sp. sagat\'a1, saet\'a1.] A mixed woven fabric of silk and cotton; or silk and wool; sayette; also, a light woolen fabric.

Sage

Sage (?), n. [OE. sauge, F. sauge, L. salvia, from salvus saved, in allusion to its reputed healing virtues. See Safe.] (Bot.) (a) A suffriticose labiate plant (Salvia officinalis) with grayish green foliage, much used in flavoring meats, etc. The name is often extended to the whole genus, of which many species are cultivated for ornament, as the scarlet sage, and Mexican red and blue sage. (b) The sagebrush. Meadow sage (Bot.), a blue-flowered species of salvia (S. pratensis) growing in meadows in Europe. -- Sage cheese, cheese flavored with sage, and colored green by the juice of leaves of spanish and other plants which are added to the milk. -- Sage cock (Zo\'94l.), the male of the sage grouse; in a more general sense, the specific name of the sage grouse. -- Sage green, of a dull grayish green color, like the leaves of garden sage. -- Sage grouse (Zo\'94l.), a very large American grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), native of the dry sagebrush plains of Western North America. Called also cock of the plains. The male is called sage cock, and the female sage hen. -- Sage hare, ∨ Sage rabbit (Zo\'94l.), a species of hare (Lepus Nuttalli, ∨ artemisia) which inhabits the regions of Western North America and lives among sagebrush. By recent writers it is considered to be merely a variety of the common cottontail, or wood rabbit. -- Sage hen (Zo\'94l.), the female of the sage grouse. Sage sparrow (Zo\'94l.), a small sparrow (Amphispiza Belli, var Nevadensis) which inhabits the dry plains of the Rocky Mountain region, living among sagebrush. -- Sage thrasher (Zo\'94l.), a singing bird (Oroscoptes montanus) which inhabits the sagebrush plains of Western North America. -- Sage willow (Bot.), a species of willow (Salix tristis) forming a low bush with nearly sessile grayish green leaves.

Sage

Sage (?), a. [Compar. Sager (?); superl. Sagest.] [F., fr. L. sapius (only in nesapius unwise, foolish), fr. sapere to be wise; perhaps akin to E. sap. Cf. Savor, Sapient, Insipid.]

1. Having nice discernment and powers of judging; prudent; grave; sagacious.

All you sage counselors, hence! Shak.

2. Proceeding from wisdom; well judged; shrewd; well adapted to the purpose.

Commanders, who, cloaking their fear under show of sage advice, counseled the general to retreat. Milton.

3. Grave; serious; solemn. [R.] "[Great bards.] in sage and solemn tunes have sung." Milton. <-- the "great bards" was moved inside the quote for consistency. --> Syn. -- Wise; sagacious; sapient; grave; prudent; judicious.

Sage

Sage, n. A wise man; a man of gravity and wisdom; especially, a man venerable for years, and of sound judgment and prudence; a grave philosopher.
At his birth a star, Unseen before in heaven, proclaims him come, And guides the Eastern sages. Milton.

Sagebrush

Sage"brush` (?), n. A low irregular shrub (Artemisia tridentata), of the order Composit\'91, covering vast tracts of the dry alkaline regions of the American plains; -- called also sagebush, and wild sage.

Sagely

Sage"ly, adv. In a sage manner; wisely.

Sagene

Sa*gene" (?), n. [Russ. sajene.] A Russian measure of length equal to about seven English feet.

Sageness

Sage"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sage; wisdom; sagacity; prudence; gravity. Ascham.

Sagenite

Sag"e*nite (?), n. [F. sag\'82nite, fr. L. sagena a large net. See Saine.] (Min.) Acicular rutile occurring in reticulated forms imbedded in quartz.

Sagenitic

Sag`e*nit"ic (?), a. (Min.) Resembling sagenite; -- applied to quartz when containing acicular crystals of other minerals, most commonly rutile, also tourmaline, actinolite, and the like.

Sagger

Sag"ger (?), n. [See Segger.]

1. A pot or case of fire clay, in which fine stoneware is inclosed while baking in the kiln; a segga.

2. The clay of which such pots or cases are made.

Sagging

Sag"ging (?), n. A bending or sinking between the ends of a thing, in consequence of its own, or an imposed, weight; an arching downward in the middle, as of a ship after straining. Cf. Hogging.

Saginate

Sag"i*nate (?), v. t. [L. saginatus, p.p. of saginare to fat, fr. sagina stuffing.] To make fat; to pamper. [R.] "Many a saginated boar." Cowper.

Sagination

Sag`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. saginatio.] The act of fettening or pampering. [R.] Topsell.

Sagitta

Sa*git"ta (?), n. [L., an arrow.]

1. (Astron.) A small constellation north of Aquila; the Arrow.

2. (Arch.) The keystone of an arch. [R.] gwitt.

3. (Geom.) The distance from a point in a curve to the chord; also, the versed sine of an arc; -- so called from its resemblance to an arrow resting on the bow and string. [Obs.]

4. (Anat.) The larger of the two otoliths, or ear bones, found in most fishes.

5. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of transparent, free-swimming marine worms having lateral and caudal fins, and capable of swimming rapidly. It is the type of the class Ch\'91tognatha.


Page 1268

Sagittal

Sag"it*tal (?), a. [L. sagitta an arrow: cf. F. saguttal.]

1. Of or pertaining to an arrow; resembling an arrow; furnished with an arowlike appendage.

2. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the sagittal suture; in the region of the sagittal suture; rabdoidal; as, the sagittal furrow, or groove, on the inner surface of the roof of the skull. (b) In the mesial plane; as, a sagittal section of an animal. Sagittal suture (Anat.), the suture between the two parietal bones in the top of the skull; -- called also rabdoidal suture, and interparietal suture.

Sagittarius

Sag`it*ta"ri*us (?), n. [L., literally, an archer, fr. sagittarius belonging to an arrow, fr. sagitta an arrow.] (Astron.) (a) The ninth of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters about November 22, marked thus [&sagittarius;] in almanacs; the Archer. (b) A zodiacal constellation, represented on maps and globes as a centaur shooting an arrow.

Sagittary

Sag"it*ta"ry (?), n. [See Sagittarius.]

1. (Myth.) A centaur; a fabulous being, half man, half horse, armed with a bow and quiver. Shak.

2. The Arsenal in Venice; -- so called from having a figure of an archer over the door. Shak.

Sagittary

Sag"it*ta*ry, a. [L. sagittarius.] Pertaining to, or resembling, an arrow. Sir T. Browne.

Sagittate

Sag"it*tate (?), a. [NL. sagittatus, fr. L. sagitta an arrow.] Shaped like an arrowhead; triangular, with the two basal angles prolonged downward.

Sagittated

Sag"it*ta`ted (?), a. Sagittal; sagittate.

Sagittocyst

Sag"it*to*cyst (?), n. [See Sagitta, and Cyst.] (Zo\'94l.) A defensive cell containing a minute rodlike structure which may be expelled. Such cells are found in certain Turbellaria.

Sago

Sa"go (?), n. [Malay. s&amac;gu.] A dry granulated starch imported from the East Indies, much used for making puddings and as an article of diet for the sick; also, as starch, for stiffening textile fabrics. It is prepared from the stems of several East Indian and Malayan palm trees, but chiefly from the Metroxylon Sagu; also from several cycadaceous plants (Cycas revoluta, Zamia integrifolia, atc.). Portland sago, a kind of sago prepared from the corms of the cuckoopint (Arum maculatum). -- Sago palm. (Bot.) (a) A palm tree which yields sago. (b) A species of Cycas (Cycas revoluta). -- Sago spleen (Med.), a morbid condition of the spleen, produced by amyloid degeneration of the organ, in which a cross section shows scattered gray translucent bodies looking like grains of sago.

Sagoin

Sa*goin" (?), n. [F. sagouin(formed from the native South American name).] (Zo\'94l.) A marmoset; -- called also sagouin.

Sagum

Sa"gum (?), n.; pl. Saga (#). [L. sagum, sagus; cf. Gr. Say a kind of serge.] (Rom. Antiq.) The military cloak of the Roman soldiers.

sagus

sa"gus (?), n. [NL. See Sago.] (Bot.) A genus of palms from which sago is obtained.

Sagy

Sa"gy (?), a. Full of sage; seasoned with sage.

Sahib, saheb

Sa"hib (?), sa"heb (
, n. [Ar. &cced;\'behib master, lord, fem. &cced;\'behibah.] A respectful title or appelation given to Europeans of rank. [India]

Sahibah

Sa"hi*bah (?), n. [See Sahib.] A lady; mistress. [India]

Sahibic

Sa*hib"ic (?), a. Same as Thebaic.

Sahlite

Sah"lite (?), n. (Min.) See Salite.

Sahui

Sa*hui" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A marmoset.

Sai

Sa"i (?), n. [Cf. Pg. sahi.] (Zo\'94l.) See Capuchin, 3 (a).

Saibling

Sai"bling (?), n. [Dial. G.] (Zo\'94l.) A European mountain trout (Salvelinus alpinus); -- called also Bavarian charr.

Saic

Sa"ic (?), n. [F. sa\'8bque, turk. sha\'8bka.] (Naut.) A kind of ketch very common in the Levant, which has neither topgallant sail nor mizzen topsail.

Said

Said (?), imp. & p. p. of Say.

Said

Said, a. before-mentioned; already spoken of or specified; aforesaid; -- used chiefly in legal style.

Saiga

Sai"ga (?), n. [Russ. saika.] (Zo\'94l.) An antelope (Saiga Tartarica) native of the plains of Siberia and Eastern Russia. The male has erect annulated horns, and tufts of long hair beneath the eyes and ears.

Saikyr

Sai"kyr (?), n. (Mil.) Same as Saker. [Obs.]

Sail

Sail (?), n. [OE. seil, AS. segel, segl; akin to D. zeil, OHG. segal, G. & Sw. segel, Icel. segl, Dan. seil. &root; 153.]

1. An extent of canvas or other fabric by means of which the wind is made serviceable as a power for propelling vessels through the water.

Behoves him now both sail and oar. Milton.

2. Anything resembling a sail, or regarded as a sail.

3. A wing; a van. [Poetic]

Like an eagle soaring To weather his broad sails. Spenser
.

4. the extended surface of the arm of a windmill.

5. A sailing vessel; a vessel of any kind; a craft. &hand; In this sense, the plural has usually the same forms as the singular; as, twenty sail were in sight.

6. A passage by a sailing vessel; a journey or excursion upon the water. &hand; Sails are of two general kinds, fore-and-aft sails, and square sails. Square sails are always bent to yards, with their foot lying across the line of the vessel. Fore-and-aft sails are set upon stays or gaffs with their foot in line with the keel. A fore-and-aft sail is triangular, or quadrilateral with the after leech longer than the fore leech. Square sails are quardrilateral, but not necessarily square. See Phrases under Fore, a., and Square, a.; also, Bark, Brig, Schooner, Ship, Stay. Sail burton (Naut.), a purchase for hoisting sails aloft for bending. -- Sail fluke (Zo\'94l.), the whiff. -- Sail hook, a small hook used in making sails, to hold the seams square. -- Sail loft, a loft or room where sails are cut out and made. -- Sail room (Naut.), a room in a vessel where sails are stowed when not in use. -- Sail yard (Naut.), the yard or spar on which a sail is extended. -- Shoulder-of-mutton sail (Naut.), a triangular sail of peculiar form. It is chiefly used to set on a boat's mast. -- To crowd sail. (Naut.) See under Crowd. -- To loose sails (Naut.), to unfurl or spread sails. -- To make sail (Naut.), to extend an additional quantity of sail. -- To set a sail (Naut.), to extend or spread a sail to the wind. -- To set sail (Naut.), to unfurl or spread the sails; hence, to begin a voyage. -- To shorten sail (Naut.), to reduce the extent of sail, or take in a part. -- To strike sail (Naut.), to lower the sails suddenly, as in saluting, or in sudden gusts of wind; hence, to acknowledge inferiority; to abate pretension. -- Under sail, having the sails spread.

Sail

Sail (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sailing.] [AS. segelian, seglian. See Sail, n.]

1. To be impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails, as a ship on water; to be impelled on a body of water by the action of steam or other power.

2. To move through or on the water; to swim, as a fish or a water fowl.

3. To be conveyed in a vessel on water; to pass by water; as, they sailed from London to Canton.

4. To set sail; to begin a voyage.

5. To move smoothly through the air; to glide through the air without apparent exertion, as a bird.

As is a winged messenger of heaven, . . . When he bestrides the lazy pacing clouds, And sails upon the bosom of the air. Shak.

Sail

Sail, v. t.

1. To pass or move upon, as in a ship, by means of sails; hence, to move or journey upon(the water) by means of steam or other force.

A thousand ships were manned to sail the sea. Dryden.

2. To fly through; to glide or move smoothly through.

Sublime she sails The a\'89rial space, and mounts the winged gales. Pope.

3. To direct or manage the motion of, as a vessel; as, to sail one's own ship. Totten.

Sailable

Sail"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being sailed over; navigable; as, a sailable river.

Sailboat

Sail"boat`, n. A boat propelled by a sail or sails.

Sailcloth

Sail"cloth` (?), n. Duck or canvas used in making sails.

Sailer

Sail"er (?), n.

1. A sailor. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.

2. A ship or other vessel; -- with qualifying words descriptive of speed or manner of sailing; as, a heavy sailer; a fast sailer.

Sailfish

Sail"fish (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The banner fish, or spikefish (Histiophorus.) (b) The basking, or liver, shark. (c) The quillback. <-- Illust. of Sailfish (Histiophorus Americanus) -->

Sailing

Sail"ing (?), n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, sails; the motion of a vessel on water, impelled by wind or steam; the act of starting on a voyage.

2. (Naut.) The art of managing a vessel; seamanship; navigation; as, globular sailing; oblique sailing. &hand; For the several methods of sailing, see under Circular, Globular, Oblique, Parallel, etc. Sailing master (U. S. Navy), formerly, a warrant officer, ranking next below a lieutenant, whose duties were to navigate the vessel; and under the direction of the executive officer, to attend to the stowage of the hold, to the cables, rigging, etc. The grade was merged in that of master in 1862.

Sailless

Sail"less (?), a. Destitute of sails. Pollok.

Sailmaker

Sail"mak`er (?), n. One whose occupation is to make or repair sails. -- Sail"mak`ing, n.

Sailor

Sail"or (?), n. One who follows the business of navigating ships or other vessels; one who understands the practical management of ships; one of the crew of a vessel; a mariner; a common seaman. Syn. -- Mariner; seaman; seafarer. Sailor's choice. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An excellent marine food fish (Diplodus, ∨ Lagodon, rhomboides) of the Southern United States; -- called also porgy, squirrel fish, yellowtail, and salt-water bream. (b) A species of grunt (Orthopristis, ∨ Pomadasys, chrysopterus), an excellent food fish, common on the southern coasts of the United States; -- called also hogfish, and pigfish.

Saily

Sail"y (?), a. Like a sail. [R.] Drayton.

Saim

Saim (?), n. [OF. sain, LL. saginum, fr. L. sagina a fattening.] Lard; grease. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

Saimir

Sai*mir" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The squirrel monkey.

Sain

Sain (?), obs. p. p. of Say, for sayen. Said. Shak.

Sain

Sain, v. t. [Cf. Saint, Sane.] To sanctify; to bless so as to protect from evil influence. [R.] Sir W. Scott.

Sainfoin

Sain"foin (?; 277), n. [F., fr. sain wholesome (L. sanus; see Sane.) + foin hay (L. f\'91num); or perh. fr. saint sacred (L. sanctus; see Saint) + foin hay.] (Bot.) (a) A leguminous plant (Onobrychis sativa) cultivated for fodder. [Written also saintfoin.] (b) A kind of tick trefoil (Desmodium Canadense). [Canada]

Saint

Saint (?), n. [F., fr. L. santcus sacred, properly p.p. of sancire to render sacred by a religious act, to appoint as sacred; akin to sacer sacred. Cf. Sacred, Sanctity, Sanctum, Sanctus.]

1. A person sanctified; a holy or godly person; one eminent for piety and virtue; any true Christian, as being redeemed and consecrated to God.

Them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints. 1 Cor. i. 2.

2. One of the blessed in heaven.

Then shall thy saints, unmixed, and from the impure Far separate, circling thy holy mount, Unfeigned hallelujahs to thee sing. Milton.

3. (Eccl.) One canonized by the church. [Abbrev. St.] Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.


Page 1269

-- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.

Saint

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sainted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sainting.] To make a saint of; to enroll among the saints by an offical act, as of the pope; to canonize; to give the title or reputation of a saint to (some one).
A large hospital, erected by a shoemaker who has been beatified, though never sainted. Addison.
To saint it, to act as a saint, or with a show of piety.
Whether the charmer sinner it or saint it. Shak.

Saint

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint, v. i. To act or live as a saint. [R.] Shak.

Saintdom

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"dom (?), n. The state or character of a saint. [R.] Tennyson.

Sainted

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ed, a.

1. Consecrated; sacred; holy; pious. "A most sainted king." Shak.

Amongst the enthroned gods on sainted seats. Milton.

2. Entered into heaven; -- a euphemism for dead.

Saintess

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ess, n. A female saint. [R.] Bp. Fisher.

Sainthood

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"hood (?), n.

1. The state of being a saint; the condition of a saint. Walpole.

2. The order, or united body, of saints; saints, considered collectively.

I will not ruinate my fShak.

1. Anything round, as a circle, round" [the crown]. Shak.

Abraham rose up early saddled his ass. Gen. xxii. 3.
It was supposed he felt no call to anu expedition that might sainthood. Sir W. Scott.

Saintish

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ish, a. Somewhat saintlike; -- used ironically.

Saintism

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ism (?), n. The character or quality of saints; also, hypocritical pretense of holiness. Wood.

Saintlike

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"like` (?), a. Resembling a saint; suiting a saint; becoming a saint; saintly.
Glossed over only with a saintlike show. Dryden.

Saintliness

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"li*ness (?), n. Quality of being saintly.

Saintly

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ly, a. [Compar. Saintlier (?); superl. Saintliest.] Like a saint; becoming a holy person.
So dear to Heaven is saintly chastity. Milton.

Saintologist

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint*ol"o*gist (?), n. [Saint + -logy + -ist.] (Theol.) One who writes the lives of saints. [R.]

Saintship

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ship, n. The character or qualities of a saint.

Saint-Simonian

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an (?), n. A follower of the Count de St. Simon, who died in 1825, and who maintained that the principle of property held in common, and the just division of the fruits of common labor among the members of society, are the true remedy for the social evils which exist. Brande & C.

Saint-Simonianism

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an*ism (?), n. The principles, doctrines, or practice of the Saint-Simonians; -- called also Saint-Simonism.

Saith

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saith (?), 3d pers. sing. pres. of Say. [Archaic]

Saithe

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saithe (?), n. [Gael. saoidheam.] (Zo\'94l.) The pollock, or coalfish; -- called also sillock. [Scot.]

Saiva

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sai"va (? ∨ ?), n. [Skr. &cced;aiva devoted to Siva.] One of an important religious sect in India which regards Siva with peculiar veneration.

Saivism

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sai"vism (?), n. The worship of Siva.

Sajene

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*jene" (?), n. Same as Sagene.

Sajou

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"jou (?; F. , n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sapajou.

Sake

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sake (?), n. [OE. sake cause, also, lawsuit, fault, AS. sacu strife, a cause or suit at law; akin to D. zaak cause, thing, affair, G. sache thing, cause in law, OHG. sahha, Icel. s\'94k, Sw. sak, Dan. sag, Goth. sakj strife, AS. sacan to contend, strive, Goth. sakan, Icel. saka to contend, strive, blame, OHG. sahhan, MHG. sachen, to contend, strive, defend one's right, accuse, charge in a lawsuit, and also to E. seek. Cf. Seek.] Final cause; end; purpose of obtaining; cause; motive; reason; interest; concern; account; regard or respect; -- used chiefly in such phrases as, for the sake, for his sake, for man's sake, for mercy's sake, and the like; as, to commit crime for the sake of gain; to go abroad for the sake of one's health.
Moved with wrath and shame and ladies; sake. Spenser.
I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake. Gen. viii. 21.
Will he draw out, For anger's sake, finite to infinite? Milton.
Knowledge is for the sake of man, and not man for the sake of knowledge. Sir W. Hamilton.
&hand; The -s of the possessive case preceding sake is sometimes omitted for euphony; as, for goodness sake. "For conscience sake." 1 Cor. x. 28. The plural sakes is often used with a possessive plural. "For both our sakes." Shak.

Saker

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ker (?), n. [F. sacre (cf. It. sagro, Sp. & Pg. sacre), either fr. L. sacer sacred, holy, as a translation of Gr. hawk.] [Written also sacar, sacre.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A falcon (Falco sacer) native of Southern Europe and Asia, closely resembling the lanner. &hand; The female is called chargh, and the male charghela, or sakeret. (b) The peregrine falcon. [Prov. Eng.]

2. (Mil.) A small piece of artillery. Wilhelm.

On the bastions were planted culverins and sakers. Macaulay.
The culverins and sakers showing their deadly muzzles over the rampart. Hawthorne.

Sakeret

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ker*et (?), n. [F. sacret. See Saker.] (Zo\'94l.) The male of the saker (a).

Saki

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ki (?), n. [Cf. F. & Pg. saki; probably from the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of South American monkeys of the genus Pithecia. They have large ears, and a long hairy tail which is not prehensile. &hand; The black saki (Pithecia satanas), the white-headed (P.leucocephala), and the red-backed, or hand-drinking, saki (P.chiropotes), are among the best-known.

Saki

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ki (?), n. The alcoholic drink of Japan. It is made from rice.<-- usu. spelt sake -->

Sakti

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sak"ti (?), n. [Skr.] (Hind. Myth.) The divine energy, personified as the wife of a deity (Brahma, Vishnu, Siva, etc.); the female principle.

Sal

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal (s&add;l), n. [Hind. s\'bel, Skr. &cced;\'bela.] (Bot.) An East Indian timber tree (Shorea robusta), much used for building purposes. It is of a light brown color, close-grained, and durable. [Written also saul.]

Sal

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal (s&acr;l), n. [L. See Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.) Salt. Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an impure potassium carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood (Artemisia Absinthium). -- Sal acetosell\'91 [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt of sorrel. -- Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth. -- Sal ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, a white crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste, obtained from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It is largely employed as a source of ammonia, as a reagent, and as an expectorant in bronchitis. So called because originally made from the soot from camel's dung at the temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also muriate of ammonia. -- Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts. -- Sal culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium chloride. -- Sal Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above. -- Sal de duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.), potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously supposed to be composed of two salts, one acid and one alkaline. -- Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), potassium acetate. -- Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium sulphate. -- Sal gemm\'91 [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring native. -- Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride; -- the alchemical name of tin being Jove. -- Sal Martis [NL.] (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous sulphate; -- the alchemical name of iron being. Mars. -- Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Microcosmic salt, under Microcosmic. -- Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead. -- Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under 1st Prunella. -- Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn. -- Sal sedativus [NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric acid. -- Sal Seignette [F. seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.), Rochelle salt. -- Sal soda (Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium. -- Sal vitrioli [NL.] (Old Chem.), white vitriol; zinc sulphate. -- Sal volatile. [NL.] (a) (Chem.) See Sal ammoniac, above. (b) Spirits of ammonia.

Salaam

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*laam" (?), n. Same as Salam.
Finally, Josiah might have made his salaam to the exciseman just as he was folding up that letter. Prof. Wilson.

Salaam

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*laam", v. i. To make or perform a salam.
I have salaamed and kowtowed to him. H. James.

Salability

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or condition of being salable; salableness. Duke of Argyll.

Salable

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ble (?), a. [From Sale.] Capable of being sold; fit to be sold; finding a ready market. -- Sal"a*ble*ness, n. -- Sal"a*bly, adv.

Salacious

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*la"cious (?), n. [L. salax, -acis, fond of leaping, lustful, fr. salire to leap. See Salient.] Having a propensity to venery; lustful; lecherous. Dryden. -- Sa*la"cious*ly, dv. -- Sa*la"cious*ness, n.

Salacity

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*lac"i*ty (?), n. [L. salacitas: cf. F. salacit\'82] Strong propensity to venery; lust; lecherousness.

Salad

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ad (?), n. [F. salade, OIt. salata, It. insalata, fr. salare to salt, fr. L. sal salt. See Salt, and cf. Slaw.]

1. A preparation of vegetables, as lettuce, celery, water cress, onions, etc., usually dressed with salt, vinegar, oil, and spice, and eaten for giving a relish to other food; as, lettuce salad; tomato salad, etc.

Leaves eaten raw termed salad. I. Watts.

2. A dish composed of chopped meat or fish, esp. chicken or lobster, mixed with lettuce or other vegetables, and seasoned with oil, vinegar, mustard, and other condiments; as, chicken salad; lobster salad.<-- mention mayonnaise --> Salad burnet (Bot.), the common burnet (Poterium Sanguisorba), sometimes eaten as a salad in Italy.

Salade

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ade (?), n. A helmet. See Sallet.

Salading

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ad*ing (?), n. Vegetable for salad.

Sal\'91ratus

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`\'91*ra"tus (?), n. See Saleratus.

Salagane

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*gane (?), n. [From the Chinese name.] (Zo\'94l.) The esculent swallow. See under Esculent.

Salal-berry

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"al-ber`ry (?), n. [Probably of American Indian origin.] (Bot.) The edible fruit of the Gaultheria Shallon, an ericaceous shrub found from California northwards. The berries are about the size of a common grape and of a dark purple color.

Salam

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*lam (s&adot;*l&aum;m"), n. [Ar. sal\'bem peace, safety.] A salutation or compliment of ceremony in the east by word or act; an obeisance, performed by bowing very low and placing the right palm on the forehead. [Written also salaam.]

Salamander

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*man`der (?), n. [F. salamandre, L. salamandra, Gr. samander, samandel.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Urodela, belonging to Salamandra, Amblystoma, Plethodon, and various allied genera, especially those that are more or less terrestrial in their habits. &hand; The salamanders have, like lizards, an elongated body, four feet, and a long tail, but are destitute of scales. They are true Amphibia, related to the frogs. Formerly, it was a superstition that the salamander could live in fire without harm, and even extinguish it by the natural coldness of its body.

I have maintained that salamander of yours with fire any time this two and thirty years. Shak.
Whereas it is commonly said that a salamander extinguisheth fire, we have found by experience that on hot coals, it dieth immediately. Sir T. Browne.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The pouched gopher (Geomys tuza) of the Southern United States.

3. A culinary utensil of metal with a plate or disk which is heated, and held over pastry, etc., to brown it.

4. A large poker. [prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

5. (Metal.) Solidofied material in a furnace hearth. Giant salamander. (Zo\'94l.) See under Giant. -- Salamander's hair ∨ wool (Min.), a species of asbestus or mineral flax. [Obs.] Bacon.

Salamandrina

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*man*dri"na (?), n.; pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of Urodela, comprising salamanders.

Salamandrine

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*man"drine (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a salamander; enduring fire. Addison.

Salamandroid

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*man"droid (?), a [Salamander + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the salamanders.

salamandridea

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> sal`a*man*dri"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Amphibia including the Salamanders and allied groups; the Urodela.

Salamstone

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"am*stone` (? ∨ ?), n. (Min.) A kind of blue sapphire brought from Ceylon. Dana.

Salangana

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*lan"ga*na (?), n. The salagane.

Salaried

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ried (?), a. Receiving a salary; paid by a salary; having a salary attached; as, a salaried officer; a salaried office.

Salary

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ry (?), a. [L. salarius.] Saline [Obs.]

Salary

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ry (?), n.; pl. Salaries (#). [F. salarie, L. salarium, originally, salt money, the money given to the Roman soldiers for salt, which was a part of thir pay, fr. salarius belonging to salt, fr. sal salt. See Salt.] The recompense or consideration paid, or stipulated to be paid, to a person at regular intervals for services; fixed wages, as by the year, quarter, or month; stipend; hire.
This is hire and salary, not revenge. Shak.
&hand; Recompense for services paid at, or reckoned by, short intervals, as a day or week, is usually called wages. Syn. -- Stipend; pay; wages; hire; allowance.

Salary

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ry v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salaried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Salarying (?).] To pay, or agree to pay, a salary to; to attach salary to; as, to salary a clerk; to salary a position.

Sale

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale (?), n. See 1st Sallow. [Obs.] Spenser.

Sale

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale, n. [Icel. sala, sal, akin to E.sell. See Sell, v. t.]

1. The act of selling; the transfer of property, or a contract to transfer the ownership of property, from one person to another for a valuable consideration, or for a price in money.

2. Opportunity of selling; demand; market.

They shall have ready sale for them. Spenser.

3. Public disposal to the highest bidder, or exposure of goods in market; auction. Sir W. Temple. Bill of sale. See under Bill. -- Of sale, On sale, For sale, to be bought or sold; offered to purchasers; in the market. -- To set to sale, to offer for sale; to put up for purchase; to make merchandise of. [Obs.] Milton.

Saleable, a., Saleably

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale"a*ble (?), a., Sale"a*bly, adv., etc. See Salable, Salably, etc.

Saleb

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"eb (?), n. (Med.) See Salep.

Salebrosity

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`e*bros"i*ty (?), n. Roughness or ruggedness. [Obs.] Feltham.

Salebrous

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"e*brous (?), a. [L. salebosus, fr. salebra a rugged road, fr. salire to leap.] Rough; rugged. [Obs.]

Salep

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ep (?), n. [Ar. sahleb, perhaps a corruption of an Arabic word for fox, one Ar. name of the orchis signifying literally, fox's testicles: cf. F. salep.] [Written also saleb, salop, and saloop.] The dried tubers of various species of Orchis, and Eulophia. It is used to make a nutritious beverage by treating the powdered preparation with hot water. U. S. Disp.

Saleratus

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`e*ra"tus (?), n. [NL. sal a\'89ratus; -- so called because it is a source of fixed air (carbon dioxide). See Sal, and and A\'89rated.] (Old Chem.) A\'89rated salt; a white crystalline substance having an alkaline taste and reaction, consisting of sodium bicarbonate (see under Sodium.) It is lagerly used in cooking, with sour milk (lactic acid) or cream of tartar as a substitute for yeast. It is also an ingridient of most baking powders, and is used in the preparation of effervescing drinks.

Salesman

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sales"man (?), n.; pl. Salesmen (#). [Sale + man.] One who sells anything; one whose occupation is to sell goods or merchandise.

Saleswoman

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sales"wom`an (?), n.; pl. Saleswomen (. A woman whose occupation is to sell goods or merchandise.

Salework

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale"work` (?), n. Work or things made for sale; hence, work done carelessly or slightingly. Shak.

Salian

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"lian (?), a. Denoting a tribe of Franks who established themselves early in the fourth century on the river Sala [now Yssel]; Salic. -- n. A Salian Frank.

Saliant

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"li*ant (?), a. (Her.) Same as Salient.

Saliaunce

Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten (Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. -- Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine. 1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"i*aunce (?), a. [See Sally.] Salience; onslaught. [Obs.] "So fierce saliaunce." Spenser.
Page 1270

Salic

Sal"ic (?), a. [F. salique, fr. the Salian Franks, who, in the fifth century, formed a body of laws called in latin leges Salic\'91.] Of or pertaining to the Salian Franks, or to the Salic law so called. [Also salique.] Salic law. (a) A code of laws formed by the Salian Franks in the fifth century. By one provision of this code women were excluded from the inheritance of landed property. (b) Specifically, in modern times, a law supposed to be a special application of the above-mentioned provision, in accordance with which males alone can inherit the throne. This law has obtained in France, and at times in other countries of Europe, as Spain.

Salicaceous

Sal`i*ca"ceous (?), a. [L. salix, -icis, the willow.] Belonging or relating to the willow.

Salcin

Sal"*cin (?), n. [L. salix, -icis, a willow: cf. F. salicine. See Sallow the tree.] (Chem.) A glucoside found in the leaves of several species of willow (Salix) and poplar, and extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance.<-- salicyl alcohol glucoside, salicyl alcohol β-D-glucopyranoside, saligenin β-D-glucopyranoside, C13H18O7. It is used in biochemistry as a standard substrate for evaluating the potency of β-glucosidase in enzymatic preparations. It is also an analgesic. -->

Salicyl

Sal"i*cyl (?), n. [Salicin + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical of salicylic acid and of certain related compounds.

Salicylal

Sal"i*cyl`al (?), n. [Salicylic + aldehide.] (Chem.) A thin, fragrant, colorless oil, HO.C6H4.CHO, found in the flowers of meadow sweet (Spir\'91a), and also obtained by oxidation of saligenin, etc. It reddens on exposure. Called also salycylol, salicylic aldehyde, and formerly salicylous, ∨ spiroylous, acid.

Salicylate

Sal"i*cyl`ate (-&asl;t), n. (Chem.) A salt of salicylic acid.

Salicylic

Sal`i*cyl"ic (?), n. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid formerly obtained by fusing salicin with potassium hydroxide, and now made in large quantities from phenol (carbolic acid) by the action of carbon dioxide on heated sodium phenolate. It is a white crystalline substance. It is used as an antiseptic, and in its salts in the treatment of rheumatism. Called also hydroxybenzoic acid.

Salicylide

Sal"i*cyl`ide (?), n. [Salicylic + anhydride.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance obtained by dehydration of salicylic acid.

Salicylite

Sal"i*cyl`ite (?), n. (Chem.) A compound of salicylal; -- named after the analogy of a salt.

Salicylol

Sal"i*cyl`ol (?), n. [Salicylic + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) Same as Salicylal.

Salicylous

Sa*lic"y*lous (? ∨ ?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a substance called salicylous acid, and now salicylal. [Obs.]

Salience

Sa"li*ence (?), n. [See Salient.]

1. That quality or condition of being salient; a leaping; a springing forward; an assaulting.

2. The quality or state of projecting, or being projected; projection; protrusion. Sir W. Hamilton.

Saliency

Sa"li*en*cy (?), n. Quality of being salient; hence, vigor. "A fatal lack of poetic saliency." J. Morley.

Salient

Sa"li*ent (?), a. [L. saliens, -entis, p.pr. of salire to leap; cf. F. saillant. See Sally, n. & v. i..]

1. Moving by leaps or springs; leaping; bounding; jumping. "Frogs and salient animals." Sir T. Browne.

2. Shooting out up; springing; projecting.

He had in himself a salient, living spring of generous and manly action. Burke.

3. Hence, figuratively, forcing itself on the attention; prominent; conspicuous; noticeable.

He [Grenville] had neither salient traits, nor general comprehensiveness of mind. Bancroft.

4. (Math. & Fort.) Projectiong outwardly; as, a salient angle; -- opposed to re\'89ntering. See Illust. of Bastion.<-- convex? -->

5. (Her.) Represented in a leaping position; as, a lion salient. Salient angle. See Salient, a., 4. -- Salient polygon (Geom.), a polygon all of whose angles are salient. -- Salient polyhedron (Geom.), a polyhedron all of whose solid angles are salient.

Salient

Sa"li*ent, a. (Fort.) A salient angle or part; a projection.

Saliently

Sa"li*ent*ly, adv. In a salient manner.

Saliferous

Sa*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sal salt + -ferous.] Producing, or impregnated with, salt. Saliferous rocks (Geol.), the New Red Sandstone system of some geologists; -- so called because, in Europe, this formation contains beds of salt. The saliferous beds of New York State belong largely to the Salina period of the Upper Silurian. See the Chart of Geology.

Salifiable

Sal"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. salifiable. See Salify.] (Chem.) Capable of neutralizing an acid to form a salt; -- said of bases; thus, ammonia is salifiable.

Salification

Sal`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. salification.] (Chem.) The act, process, or result of salifying; the state of being salified.

Salify

Sal"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Salifying (?).] [F. salifier; from L. sal salt + -ficare (only in comp.) to make. See -fy.] (Chem.) (a) To combine or impregnate with a salt. (b) To form a salt with; to convert into a salt; as, to salify a base or an acid.

Saligenin

Sa*lig"e*nin (?), n. [Salicin + -gen.] (Chem.) A phenol alcohol obtained, by the decomposition of salicin, as a white crystalline substance; -- called also hydroxy-benzyl alcohol. <-- ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, saligenol, salicyl alcohol. HOCH2.C6H4.OH -->

Saligot

Sal"i*got (?), n. [F.] (Bot.) The water chestnut (Trapa natans).

Salimeter

Sal*im"e*ter (?), n. [L. sal salt + -meter.] An instrument for measuring the amount of salt present in any given solution. [Written also salometer.]

Salimetry

Sal*im"e*try (?), n. The art or process of measuring the amount of salt in a substance.

Salina

Sa*li"na (?), n. [Cf. L. salinae, pl., salt works, from sal salt. See Saline, a.]

1. A salt marsh, or salt pond, inclosed from the sea.

2. Salt works.

Salina period

Sa*li"na pe"ri*od (?). [So called from Salina, a town in New York.] (Geol.) The period in which the American Upper Silurian system, containing the brine-producing rocks of central New York, was formed. See the Chart of Geology.

Salination

Sal`i*na"tion (?), n. The act of washing with salt water. [R. & Obs..] Greenhill.

Saline

Sa"line (? ∨ ?; 277), a. [F. salin, fr. L. sal salt: cf. L. salinae salt works, salinum saltcellar. See Salt.]

1. Consisting of salt, or containing salt; as, saline particles; saline substances; a saline cathartic.

2. Of the quality of salt; salty; as, a saline taste.

Saline

Sa"line (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [Cf. F. saline. See Saline, a.] A salt spring; a place where salt water is collected in the earth.

Saline

Sal"ine (?), n.

1. (Chem.) A crude potash obtained from beet-root residues and other similar sources. [Written also salin.]

2. (Med. Chem.) A metallic salt; esp., a salt of potassium, sodium, lithium, or magnesium, used in medicine. <-- 3. (Med., Biochemistry) A saline solution, esp. normal saline, or isotonic saline, used for infusion, to maintain blood pressure. -->

Salineness

Sa*line"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being salt; saltness.

Saliniferous

Sal`i*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Saline + -ferous.] Same as Saliferous.

Saliniform

Sa*lin"i*form (?), a. Having the form or the qualities of a salt, especially of common salt.

Salinity

Sa*lin"i*ty (?), n. Salineness. Carpenter.

Salinometer

Sal`i*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Saline + -meter.] A salimeter.

Salinous

Sa*lin"ous (?), a. Saline. [Obs.]

Salique

Sal"ique (? ∨ ?), a. [F.] Salic. Shak.
She fulmined out her scorn of laws salique. Tennyson.

Saliretin

Sal`i*re"tin (?), n. [Saligenin + Gr. (Chem.) A yellow amorphous resinoid substance obtained by the action of dilute acids on saligenin.

Salisburia

Sal`is*bu"ri*a (?), n. [Named after R. A. Salisbury, an English botanist.] (Bot.) The ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia).

Salite

Sal"ite (?), v. t. [L. salitus, p.p. of salire to salt, fr. sal salt.] To season with salt; to salt. [Obs.]

Salite

Sa"lite (?), n. [So called from Sala, a town in Sweden.] (Min.) A massive lamellar variety of pyroxene, of a dingy green color. [Written also sahlite.]

Saliva

Sa*li"va (?), n. [L.; cf. Gr. (Physiol.) The secretion from the salivary glands. &hand; In man the saliva is a more or less turbid and slighty viscid fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. The secretions from the individual salivary glands have their own special characteristics, and these are not the same in all animals. In man and many animals mixed saliva, i.e., saliva composed of the secretions of all three of the salivary glands, is an important degestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin.

Salival

Sa*li"val (?; 277), a. Salivary.

Salivant

Sal"i*vant (?), a. [L. salivans, p.pr. of salivare. See Salivate.] Producing salivation.

Salivant

Sal"i*vant, n. That which produces salivation.

Salivary

Sal"i*va*ry (?), a. [L. salivarius slimy, clammy: cf. F. salivaire.] (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to saliva; producing or carrying saliva; as, the salivary ferment; the salivary glands; the salivary ducts, etc.

Salivate

Sal"i*vate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salivated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Salivating.] [L. salivatus, p.p. of salivare to salivate. See Saliva.] To produce an abnormal flow of saliva in; to produce salivation or ptyalism in, as by the use of mercury. <-- v.i. To produce saliva, esp. in excess. 2. To drool. 3. (Fig.) To anticipate keenly with pleasure, as though salivating at the expectation of a delicious meal. Used often with over.; as, salivate over the prospects of high profits from an enterprise. Probably influenced by the experiments of Pavlov, who trained dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell, by previously ringing the bell immediately prior to feeding them. -->

Salivation

Sal`i*va"tion (?), n. [L. salivatio: cf. F. salivation.] (Physiol.) The act or process of salivating; an excessive secretion of saliva, often accompained with soreness of the mouth and gums; ptyalism. &hand; It may be induced by direct chemical or mechanical stimulation, as in mastication of some tasteless substance like rubber, or indirectly by some agent which affects the whole system, as mercury compounds.

Salivous

Sa*li"vous (?), a. [L. salivosus: cf. F. saliveux.] Pertaining to saliva; of the nature of saliva.

Salix

Sa"lix (?), n.; pl. Salices (#). [L., the willow.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of trees or shrubs including the willow, osier, and the like, growing usually in wet grounds. (b) A tree or shrub of any kind of willow.

Sallenders

Sal"len*ders (?), n. pl. [F. solandres, solandre.] (Far.) An eruption on the hind leg of a horse. [Written also sellanders, and sellenders.]
On the inside of the hock, or a little below it, as well as at the bend of the knee, there is occasionally a scurfy eruption called "mallenders" in the fore leg, and "sallenders" in the hind leg. Youatt.

Sallet

Sal"let (?), n. [F. salade, Sp. celada, or It. celata, fr. L. (cassis) caelata, fr. caelare, caelatum, to engrave in relief. So called from the figures engraved upon it.] A light kind of helmet, with or without a visor, introduced during the 15th century. [Written also salade.]
Then he must have a sallet wherewith his head may be saved. Latimer.

Salet, Salleting

Sal"et, Sal"let*ing, n. Salad. [Obs.] Shak.

Salliance

Sal"li*ance (?), n. Salience. [Obs.]

Sallow

Sal"low (?), n. [OE. salwe, AS. sealth; akin to OHG. salaha, G. salwiede, Icel. selja L. salix, Ir. sail, saileach, Gael. seileach, W. helyg, Gr.

1. The willow; willow twigs. [Poetic] Tennyson.

And bend the pliant sallow to a shield. Fawkes.
The sallow knows the basketmaker's thumb. Emerson.

2. (Bot.) A name given to certain species of willow, especially those which do not have flexible shoots, as Salix caprea, S. cinerea, etc. Sallow thorn (Bot.), a European thorny shrub (Hippophae rhamnoides) much like an El\'91agnus. The yellow berries are sometimes used for making jelly, and the plant affords a yellow dye.

Sallow

Sal"low, a. [Compar. Sallower (?); superl. Sallowest.] [AS. salu; akin to D. zaluw, OHG. salo, Icel. s\'94lr yellow.] Having a yellowish color; of a pale, sickly color, tinged with yellow; as, a sallow skin. Shak.

Sallow

Sal"low, v. t. To tinge with sallowness. [Poetic]
July breathes hot, sallows the crispy fields. Lowell.

Sallowish

Sal"low*ish, a. Somewhat sallow. Dickens.

Sallowness

Sal"low*ness (?), n. The quality or condition of being sallow. Addison.

Sally

Sal"ly (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sallied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sallying.] [F. saillir, fr. L. salire to leap, spring, akin to gr. Sallient, Assail, Assault, Exult, Insult, Saltation, Saltire.] To leap or rush out; to burst forth; to issue suddenly; as a body of troops from a fortified place to attack besiegers; to make a sally.
They break the truce, and sally out by night. Dryden.
The foe retires, -- she heads the sallying host. Byron.

Sally

Sal"ly, n.; pl. Sallies (#). [F. saillie, fr. sailir. See Sally, v.]

1. A leaping forth; a darting; a spring.

2. A rushing or bursting forth; a quick issue; a sudden eruption; specifically, an issuing of troops from a place besieged to attack the besiegers; a sortie.

Sallies were made by the Spaniards, but they were beaten in with loss. Bacon.

3. An excursion from the usual track; range; digression; deviation.

Every one shall know a country better that makes often sallies into it, and traverses it up and down, than he that . . . goes still round in the same track. Locke.

4. A flight of fancy, liveliness, wit, or the like; a flashing forth of a quick and active mind.

The unaffected mirth with which she enjoyed his sallies. Sir W. Scott.

5. Transgression of the limits of soberness or steadiness; act of levity; wild gayety; frolic; escapade.

The excursion was esteemed but a sally of youth. Sir H. Wotton.
Sally port. (a) (Fort.) A postern gate, or a passage underground, from the inner to the outer works, to afford free egress for troops in a sortie. (b) (Naval) A large port on each quarter of a fireship, for the escape of the men into boats when the train is fired; a large port in an old-fashioned three-decker or a large modern ironclad.

Sally Lunn

Sal"ly Lunn" (?). [From a woman, Sally Lunn, who is said to have first made the cakes, and sold them in the streets of Bath, Eng.] A tea cake slighty sweetened, and raised with yeast, baked in the form of biscuits or in a thin loaf, and eaten hot with butter.

Sallyman

Sal"ly*man (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The velella; -- called also saleeman.

Salm

Salm (?), n. Psalm. [Obs.] Piers plowman.

Salmagundi

Sal`ma*gun"di (?), n. [F. salmigondis of uncertain origin; perhaps from L. salgama condita, pl.; salgama pickles + condita preserved (see Condite); or from the Countess Salmagondi, lady of honor to Maria de Medici, who is said to have invented it; or cf. It. salame salt meat, and F. salmis a ragout.]

1. A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herring, with oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions. Johnson.

2. Hence, a mixture of various ingredients; an olio or medley; a potpourri; a miscellany. W. Irving.

Salmi

Sal"mi (?), n. (Cookery) Same as Salmis.

Salmiac

Sal"mi*ac (?), n. [Cf. F. salmiac, G. salmiak.] (Old Chem.) Sal ammoniac. See under Sal.

Salmis

Sal`mis" (?), n. [F.] (Cookery) A ragout or partky roasted game stewed with sauce, wine, bread, and condiments suited to provoke appetite.

Salmon

Salm"on (?), n.; pl. Salmons (#) or (collectively) Salmon. [OE. saumoun, salmon, F. saumon, fr. L. salmo, salmonis perhaps from salire to leap. Cf. Sally, v.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of fishes of the genus Salmo and allied genera. The common salmon (Salmo salar) of Northern Europe and Eastern North America, and the California salmon, or quinnat, are the most important species. They are extensively preserved for food. See Quinnat. &hand; The salmons ascend rivers and penetrate to their head streams to spawn. They are remarkably strong fishes, and will even leap over considerable falls which lie in the way of their progress. The common salmon has been known to grow to the weight of seventy-five pounds; more generally it is from fifteen to twenty-five pounds. Young salmon are called parr, peal, smolt, and grilse. Among the true salmons are: Black salmon, or Lake salmon, the namaycush. -- Dog salmon, a salmon of Western North America (Oncorhynchus keta). -- Humpbacked salmon, a Pacific-coast salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). -- King salmon, the quinnat. -- Landlocked salmon, a variety of the common salmon (var. Sebago), long confined in certain lakes in consequence of obstructions that prevented it from returning to the sea. This last is called also dwarf salmon. Among fishes of other families which are locally and erroneously called salmon are: the pike perch, called jack salmon; the spotted, or southern, squeteague; the cabrilla, called kelp salmon; young pollock, called sea salmon; and the California yellowtail.

2. A reddish yellow or orange color, like the flesh of the salmon. Salmon berry (Bot.), a large red raspberry growing from Alaska to California, the fruit of the Rubus Nutkanus. -- Salmon killer (Zo\'94l.), a stickleback (Gasterosteus cataphractus) of Western North America and Northern Asia. -- Salmon ladder, salmon stair. See Fish ladder, under Fish. -- Salmon peel, a young salmon. -- Salmon pipe, a certain device for catching salmon. Crabb. -- Salmon trout. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European sea trout (Salmo trutta). It resembles the salmon, but is smaller, and has smaller and more numerous scales. (b) The American namaycush. (c) A name that is also applied locally to the adult black spotted trout (Salmo purpuratus), and to the steel head and other large trout of the Pacific coast.

Salmon

Salm"on, a. Of a reddish yellow or orange color, like that of the flesh of the salmon.
Page 1271

Salmonet

Salm"on*et (?), n. [Cf. Samlet.] (Zo\'94l.) A salmon of small size; a samlet.

Salmonoid

Sal"mon*oid (?), a. [Salmon + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like, or pertaining to, the Salmonid\'91, a family of fishes including the trout and salmon. -- n. Any fish of the family Salmonid\'91.

Salogen

Sal"o*gen (?), n. [L. sal salt + -gen.] (Chem.) A halogen. [Obs.]

Salol

Sal"ol (?), n. [Salicylic + -ol.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance consisting of phenol salicylate.

salometer

sa*lom"e*ter (?), n. See Salimeter.

Salomtry

Sa*lom"*try (?), n. Salimetry.

Salom

Sa`lom" (?), n. [F. See Saloon.] An apartment for the reception of company; hence, in the plural, faschionable parties; circles of fashionable society.

Saloon

Sa*loon" (?), n. [F. salon (cf. It. salone), fr. F. salle a large room, a hall, of German or Dutch origin; cf. OHG. sal house, hall, G. saal; akin to AS. s\'91l, sele, D. zaal, Icel. salr, Goth. saljan to dwell, and probably to L. solum ground. Cf. Sole of the foot, Soil ground, earth.]

1. A spacious and elegant apartment for the reception of company or for works of art; a hall of reception, esp. a hall for public entertainments or amusements; a large room or parlor; as, the saloon of a steamboat.

The gilden saloons in which the first magnates of the realm . . . gave banquets and balls. Macaulay.

2. Popularly, a public room for specific uses; esp., a barroom or grogshop; as, a drinking saloon; an eating saloon; a dancing saloon.

We hear of no hells, or low music halls, or low dancing saloons [at Athens.] J. P. Mahaffy.

Saloop

Sa*loop" (?), n. An aromatic drink prepared from sassafras bark and other ingredients, at one time much used in London. J. Smith (Dict. econ. Plants). Saloop bush (Bot.), an Australian shrub (Rhagodia hastata) of the Goosefoot family, used for fodder.

Salp

Salp (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Salpa, or of the family Salpid\'91.

Salpa

Sal"pa (?), n.; pl. L. Salp\'91 (#), E. Salpas (#). [NL.: cf. L. salpa a kind of stockfish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of transparent, tubular, free-swimming oceanic tunicates found abundantly in all the warmer latitudes. See Illustration in Appendix. &hand; Each species exists in two distinct forms, one of which lives solitary, and produces, by budding from an internal organ, a series of the other kind. These are united together, side by side, so as to form a chain, or cluster, often of large size. Each of the individuals composing the chain carries a single egg, which develops into the solitary kind.

Salpian, Salpid

Sal"pi*an (?), Sal"pid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A salpa.

Salpicon

Sal"pi*con (?), n. [F. salpicon, Sp. salpicon.] Chopped meat, bread, etc., used to stuff legs of veal or other joints; stuffing; farce. Bacon.

Salpingitis

Sal`pin*gi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Salpinx, and -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the salpinx.

Salpinx

Sal"pinx (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Old Anat.) The Eustachian tube, or the Fallopian tube.

Salsafy

Sal"sa*fy (?), n. (Bot.) See Salsify.

Salsamentarious

Sal`sa*men*ta"ri*ous (?), a. [L. salsamentarius, fr. salsamentum brine, pickled fish, fr. salsus salted, p.p. of salire to salt.] Salt; salted; saline. [R.]

Salse

Salse (?), n. [F.] A mud volcano, the water of which is often impregnated with salts, whence the name.

Salsify

Sal"si*fy (?; 277), n. [F. salsifis.] (Bot.) See Oyster plant (a), under Oyster.

Salso-acid

Sal"so-ac`id (?), a. [L. salsus salted, salt + acidus acid.] Having a taste compounded of saltness and acidity; both salt and acid. [R.]

Salsoda

Sal`so"da (?), n. See Sal soda, under Sal.

Salsola

Sal"so*la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. salsus salt, because they contain alkaline salts.] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the glasswort. See Glasswort.

salsuginous

sal*su"gi*nous (?), a. [L. salsugo, -ginis, saltness from salsus salted, salt: cf. F. salsugineux.] (Bot.) Growing in brackish places or in salt marches.

Salt

Salt (?), n. [AS. sealt; akin to OS. & OFries. salt, D. zout, G. salz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. salt, L. sal, Gr. sole, Ir. & Gael. salann, W. halen, of unknown origin. Cf. Sal, Salad, Salary, Saline, Sauce, Sausage.]

1. The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning food, for the preservation of meat, etc. It is found native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation and crystallization, from sea water and other water impregnated with saline particles.

2. Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack; seasoning.

Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . . . we have some salt of our youth in us. Shak.

3. Hence, also, piquancy; wit; sense; as, Attic salt.

4. A dish for salt at table; a saltcellar.

I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of silver salts. Pepys.

5. A sailor; -- usually qualified by old. [Colloq.]

Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and gossiping, clusters of old salts. Hawthorne.

6. (Chem.) The neutral compound formed by the union of an acid base; thus, sulphuric acid and iron form the salt sulphate of iron or green vitriol. &hand; Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking, it is the acid radical which unites with the base or basic radical, with the elimination of hydrogen, of water, or of analogous compounds as side products. In the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic and tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary in degree, producing respectively basic, neutral, or acid salts See Phrases below.

7. Fig.: That which preserves from corruption or error; that which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also, an allowance or deduction; as, his statements must be taken with a grain of salt.

Ye are the salt of the earth. Matt. v. 13.

8. pl. Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic, especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or Glauber's salt.

9. pl. Marches flooded by the tide. [Prov. Eng.] Above the salt, Below the salt, phrases which have survived the old custom, in the houses of people of rank, of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a long table, the places above which were assigned to the guests of distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors, and poor relations. See Saltfoot.

His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is beneath him in clothes. He never drinks below the salt. B. Jonson.
-- Acid salt (Chem.) (a) A salt derived from an acid which has several replaceable hydrogen atoms which are only partially exchanged for metallic atoms or basic radicals; as, acid potassium sulphate is an acid salt. (b) A salt, whatever its constitution, which merely gives an acid reaction; thus, copper sulphate, which is composed of a strong acid united with a weak base, is an acid salt in this sense, though theoretically it is a neutral salt. -- Alkaline salt (Chem.), a salt which gives an alkaline reaction, as sodium carbonate. -- Amphid salt (Old Chem.), a salt of the oxy type, formerly regarded as composed of two oxides, an acid and a basic oxide. [Obsolescent] -- Basic salt (Chem.) (a) A salt which contains more of the basic constituent than is required to neutralize the acid. (b) An alkaline salt. -- Binary salt (Chem.), a salt of the oxy type conveniently regarded as composed of two ingredients (analogously to a haloid salt), viz., a metal and an acid radical. -- Double salt (Chem.), a salt regarded as formed by the union of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium sulphate. See under Double. -- Epsom salts. See in the Vocabulary. -- Essential salt (Old Chem.), a salt obtained by crystalizing plant juices. -- Ethereal salt. (Chem.) See under Ethereal. -- Glauber's salt ∨ salts. See in Vocabulary. -- Haloid salt (Chem.), a simple salt of a halogen acid, as sodium chloride. -- Microcosmic salt. (Chem.). See under Microcosmic. -- Neutral salt. (Chem.) (a A salt in which the acid and base (in theory) neutralize each other. (b) A salt which gives a neutral reaction. -- Oxy salt (Chem.), a salt derived from an oxygen acid. -- Per salt (Old Chem.), a salt supposed to be derived from a peroxide base or analogous compound. [Obs.] -- Permanent salt, a salt which undergoes no change on exposure to the air. -- Proto salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a protoxide base or analogous compound. -- Rochelle salt. See under Rochelle. -- Salt of amber (Old Chem.), succinic acid. -- Salt of colcothar (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or sulphate of iron. -- Salt of hartshorn. (Old Chem.) (a) Sal ammoniac, or ammonium chloride. (b) Ammonium carbonate. Cf. Spirit of hartshorn, under Hartshorn. -- Salt of lemons. (Chem.) See Salt of sorrel, below. -- Salt of Saturn (Old Chem.), sugar of lead; lead acetate; -- the alchemical of lead being Saturn. -- Salt of Seignette. Same as Rochelle salt. -- Salt of soda (Old Chem.), sodium carbonate. -- Salt of sorrel (Old Chem.), acid potassium oxalate, or potassium quadroxalate, used as a solvent for ink stains; -- so called because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also sometimes inaccurately called salt of lemon. -- Salt of tartar (Old Chem.), potassium carbonate; -- so called because formerly made by heating cream of tartar, or potassium tartrate. [Obs.] -- Salt of Venus (Old Chem.), blue vitriol; copper sulphate; -- the alchemical name of copper being Venus. -- Salt of wisdom. See Alembroth. -- Sedative salt (Old Med. Chem.), boric acid. -- Sesqui salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a sesquioxide base or analogous compound. -- Spirit of salt. (Chem.) See under Spirit. -- Sulpho salt (Chem.), a salt analogous to an oxy salt, but containing sulphur in place of oxygen.

Salt

Salt (?), a. [Compar. Salter (?); superl. Saltest.] [AS. sealt, salt. See Salt, n.]

1. Of or relating to salt; abounding in, or containing, salt; prepared or preserved with, or tasting of, salt; salted; as, salt beef; salt water. "Salt tears." Chaucer.

2. Overflowed with, or growing in, salt water; as, a salt marsh; salt grass.

3. Fig.: Bitter; sharp; pungent.

I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me. Shak.

4. Fig.: Salacious; lecherous; lustful. Shak. Salt acid (Chem.), hydrochloric acid. -- Salt block, an apparatus for evaporating brine; a salt factory. Knight. -- Salt bottom, a flat piece of ground covered with saline efforescences. [Western U.S.] bartlett. -- Salt cake (Chem.), the white caked mass, consisting of sodium sulphate, which is obtained as the product of the first stage in the manufacture of soda, according to Leblanc's process. -- Salt fish. (a) Salted fish, especially cod, haddock, and similar fishes that have been salted and dried for food. (b) A marine fish. -- Salt garden, an arrangement for the natural evaporation of sea water for the production of salt, employing large shallow basins excavated near the seashore. -- Salt gauge, an instrument used to test the strength of brine; a salimeter. -- Salt horse, salted beef. [Slang] -- Salt junk, hard salt beef for use at sea. [Slang] -- Salt lick. See Lick, n. -- Salt marsh, grass land subject to the overflow of salt water. -- Salt-marsh caterpillar (Zo\'94l.), an American bombycid moth (Spilosoma acre\'91 which is very destructive to the salt-marsh grasses and to other crops. Called also wooly bear. See Illust. under Moth, Pupa, and Woolly bear, under Woolly. -- Salt-marsh fleabane (Bot.), a strong-scented composite herb (Pluchea camphorata) with rayless purplish heads, growing in salt marshes. -- Salt-marsh hen (Zo\'94l.), the clapper rail. See under Rail. -- Salt-marsh terrapin (Zo\'94l.), the diamond-back. -- Salt mine, a mine where rock salt is obtained. -- Salt pan. (a) A large pan used for making salt by evaporation; also, a shallow basin in the ground where salt water is evaporated by the heat of the sun. (b) pl. Salt works. -- Salt pit, a pit where salt is obtained or made. -- Salt rising, a kind of yeast in which common salt is a principal ingredient. [U.S.] -- Salt raker, one who collects salt in natural salt ponds, or inclosures from the sea. -- Salt sedative (Chem.), boracic acid. [Obs.] -- Salt spring, a spring of salt water. -- Salt tree (Bot.), a small leguminous tree (Halimodendron argenteum) growing in the salt plains of the Caspian region and in Siberia. -- Salt water, water impregnated with salt, as that of the ocean and of certain seas and lakes; sometimes, also tears.

Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see; And yet salt water blinds them not so much But they can see a sort of traitors here. Shak.
-- Salt-water sailor, an ocean mariner. -- Salt-water tailor. (Zo\'94l.) See Bluefish.

Salt

Salt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salted; p. pr. & vb. n. Salting.]

1. To sprinkle, impregnate, or season with salt; to preserve with salt or in brine; to supply with salt; as, to salt fish, beef, or pork; to salt cattle.

2. To fill with salt between the timbers and planks, as a ship, for the preservation of the timber. To salt a mine, to artfully deposit minerals in a mine in order to deceive purchasers regarding its value. [Cant] -- To salt away, To salt down, to prepare with, or pack in, salt for preserving, as meat, eggs, etc.; hence, colloquially, to save, lay up, or invest sagely, as money.

Salt

Salt (?), v. i. To deposit salt as a saline solution; as, the brine begins to salt.

Salt

Salt (?), n. [L. saltus, fr. salire to leap.] The act of leaping or jumping; a leap. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Saltant

Sal"tant (?), a. [L. saltans, p.pr. of saltare to dance, v. intens. fr. salire to leap: cf. F. sautant. See Sally, v.]

1. Leaping; jumping; dancing.

2. (Her.) In a leaping position; springing forward; -- applied especially to the squirrel, weasel, and rat, also to the cat, greyhound, monkey, etc.

Saltarella

Sal`ta*rel"la (?), n. See Saltarello.

Saltarello

Sal`ta*rel"lo (?), n. [It., fr. L. saltare to jump.] A popular Italian dance in quick 3-4 or 6-8 time, running mostly in triplets, but with a hop step at the beginning of each measure. See Tarantella.

Saltate

Sal"tate (?), v. i. [See Saltant.] To leap or dance. [R.]

Saltation

Sal*ta"tion (?), n. [L. saltatio: cf. F. saltation.]

1. A leaping or jumping.

Continued his saltation without pause. Sir W. Scott.

2. Beating or palpitation; as, the saltation of the great artery.

3. (Biol.) An abrupt and marked variation in the condition or appearance of a species; a sudden modification which may give rise to new races.

We greatly suspect that nature does make considerable jumps in the way of variation now and then, and that these saltations give rise to some of the gaps which appear to exist in the series of known forms. Huxley.

Saltatoria

Sal`ta*to"ri*a (?), n.; pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Orthoptera including grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets.

Saltatorial

Sal`ta*to"ri*al (?), a.

1. Relating to leaping; saltatory; as, saltatorial exercises.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Same as Saltatorious. (b) Of or pertaining to the Saltatoria.

Saltatorious

Sal`ta*to"ri*ous (?), a. Capable of leaping; formed for leaping; saltatory; as, a saltatorious insect or leg.

Saltatory

Sal"ta*to"ry (?), a. [L. saltatorius. See Saltant, and cf. Saltire.] Leaping or dancing; having the power of, or used in, leaping or dancing. Saltatory evolution (Biol.), a theory of evolution which holds that the transmutation of species is not always gradual, but that there may come sudden and marked variations. See Saltation.<-- recently revived as "punctuated equilibrium" --> -- Saltatory spasm (Med.), an affection in which pressure of the foot on a floor causes the patient to spring into the air, so as to make repeated involuntary motions of hopping and jumping. J. Ross.

Saltbush

Salt"bush` (?), n. (Bot.) An Australian plant (Atriplex nummularia) of the Goosefoot family.

Saltcat

Salt"cat` (?), n. A mixture of salt, coarse meal lime, etc., attractive to pigeons.

Saltcellar

Salt"cel*lar (?), n. [OE. saltsaler; salt + F. sali\'8are saltcellar, from L. sal salt. See Salt, and cf. Salary.] Formerly a large vessel, now a small vessel of glass or other material, used for holding salt on the table.

Salter

Salt"er (?), n. One who makes, sells, or applies salt; one who salts meat or fish.

Saltern

Salt"ern (?), n. A building or place where salt is made by boiling or by evaporation; salt works.

Saltfoot

Salt"foot` (?), n. A large saltcellar formerly placed near the center of the table. The superior guests were seated above the saltfoot.

Salt-green

Salt"-green (?), a. Sea-green in color. Shak.

Saltle

Salt"le (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European dab.

Saltier

Sal"tier (?), n. See Saltire.

Saltigrad\'91

Sal`ti*gra"d\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL. See Saltigrade.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of spiders including those which lie in wait and leap upon their prey; the leaping spiders.

Saltigrade

Sal"ti*grade (?), a. [L. saltus a leap + gradi to walk, go: cf. F. saltigrade.] (Zo\'94l.) Having feet or legs formed for leaping.

Saltigrade

Sal"ti*grade, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Saltigrad\'91 a tribe of spiders which leap to seize their prey.

Saltimbanco

Sal`tim*ban"co (?), n. [It., literally, one who leaps or mounts upon a bench; saltare to leap + in in, upon + banco a bench.] A mountebank; a quack. [Obs.] [Written also santibanco.]
Saltimbancos, quacksalvers, and charlatans. Sir T. browne.

Salting

Salt"ing (?), n.

1. The act of sprinkling, impregnating, or furnishing, with salt.

2. A salt marsh.

Saltire

Sal"tire (?), n. [F. sautoir, fr. LL. saltatorium a sort of stirrup, fr. L. saltatorius saltatory. See Saltatory, Sally, v.] (Her.) A St. Andrew's cross, or cross in the form of an X, -- one of the honorable ordinaries.

Saltirewise

Sal"tire*wise` (?), adv. (Her.) In the manner of a saltire; -- said especially of the blazoning of a shield divided by two lines drawn in the direction of a bend and a bend sinister, and crossing at the center.

Saltish

Salt"ish (?), a. Somewhat salt. -- Salt"ish*ly, adv. -- Salt"ish*ness, n.

Saltless

Salt"less, a. Destitute of salt; insipid.

Saltly

Salt"ly, adv. With taste of salt; in a salt manner.

Saltmouth

Salt"mouth` (?), n. A wide-mouthed bottle with glass stopper for holding chemicals, especially crystallized salts.
Page 1272

Saltness

Salt"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being salt, or state of being salt, or impregnated with salt; salt taste; as, the saltness of sea water.

Saltpeter, Saltpetre

Salt`pe"ter, Salt`pe"tre, (, n. [F. salp\'88tre, NL. sal petrae, literally, rock salt, or stone salt; Salt, and Petrify.] (Chem.) Potassium nitrate; niter, a white crystalline substance, KNO3, having a cooling saline taste, obtained by leaching from certain soils in which it is produced by the process of nitrification (see Nitrification, 2). It is a strong oxidizer, is the chief constituent of gunpowder, and is also used as an antiseptic in curing meat, and in medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and refrigerant. Chili salpeter (Chem.), sodium nitrate (distinguished from potassium nitrate, or true salpeter), a white crystalline substance, NaNO3, having a cooling, saline, slightly bitter taste. It is obtained by leaching the soil of the rainless districts of Chili and Peru. It is deliquescent and cannot be used in gunpowder, but is employed in the production of nitric acid. Called also cubic niter. -- Saltpeter acid (Chem.), nitric acid; -- sometimes so called because made from saltpeter.

Saltpetrous

Salt`pe"trous (?), a. [Cf. F. salp\'88treux.] Pertaining to saltpeter, or partaking of its qualities; impregnated with saltpeter. [Obs.]

Salt rheum

Salt" rheum (?). (Med.) A popular name, esp. in the United States, for various cutaneous eruptions, particularly for those of eczema. See Eczema.

Saltwort

Salt`wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several plants which grow on the seashore, as the Batis maritima, and the glasswort. See Glasswort. Black saltwort, the sea milkwort.

Salty

Salt"y (?), a. Somewhat salt; saltish.

Salubrious

Sa*lu"bri*ous (?), a. [L. salubris, or saluber, fr. salus health; akin to salvus safe, sound, well. See Safe.] Favorable to health; healthful; promoting health; as, salubrious air, water, or climate. Syn. -- Healthful; wholesome; healthy; salutary. -- Sa-lu"bri*ous*ly, adv. -- Sa*lu"bri*ous*ness, n.

Salubrity

Sa*lu"bri*ty (?), n. [L. salubritas: cf. F. salubrit\'82 See Salubrious.] The quality of being salubrious; favorableness to the preservation of health; salubriousness; wholesomeness; healthfulness; as, the salubrity of the air, of a country, or a climate. "A sweet, dry small of salubrity." G. W. Cable.

Salue

Sa*lue" (?), v. t. [F. saluer. See Salute.] To salute. [Obs.]
There was no "good day" and no saluyng. Chaucer.

Salutary

Sal"u*ta*ry (?), a. [L. salutaris, from salus, -utis, health safety: cf. F. salutaire. See Salubrious.]

1. Wholesome; healthful; promoting health; as, salutary exercise.

2. Promotive of, or contributing to, some beneficial purpose; beneficial; advantageous; as, a salutary design. Syn. -- Wholesome; healthful; salubrious; beneficial; useful; advantageous; profitable. -- Sal"u*ta*ri*ly (#), adv. -- Sal"u*ta*ri*ness, n.

Salutation

Sal`u*ta"tion (?), n. [L. salutatio: cf. F. salutation. See Salute.] The act of saluting, or paying respect or reverence, by the customary words or actions; the act of greeting, or expressing good will or courtesy; also, that which is uttered or done in saluting or greeting.
In all public meetings or private addresses, use those forms of salutation, reverence, and decency usual amongst the most sober persons. Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- Greeting; salute; address. -- Salutation, Greeting, Salute, Greeting is the general word for all manner of expressions of recognition, agreeable or otherwise, made when persons meet or communicate with each other. A greeting may be hearty and loving, chilling and offensive, or merely formal, as in the opening sentence of legal documents. Salutation more definitely implies a wishing well, and is used of expressions at parting as well as at meeting. It is used especially of uttered expressions of good will. Salute, while formerly and sometimes still in the sense of either greeting or salutation, is now used specifically to denote a conventional demonstration not expressed in words. The guests received a greeting which relieved their embrassment, offered their salutations in well-chosen terms, and when they retired, as when they entered, made a deferential salute.
Woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye love the uppermost seats in the synagogues, and greetings in the markets. Luke xi. 43.
When Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb. Luke i. 41.
I shall not trouble my reader with the first salutes of our three friends. Addison.

Salutatorian

Sa*lu`ta*to"ri*an (?), n. The student who pronounces the salutatory oration at the annual Commencement or like exercises of a college, -- an honor commonly assigned to that member of the graduating class who ranks second in scholarship. [U.S.]

Salutatorily

Sa*lu"ta*to*ri*ly (?), adv. By way of salutation.

Salutatory

Sa*lu"ta*to*ry (?), a. [L. salutatorius. See Salute.] Containing or expressing salutations; speaking a welcome; greeting; -- applied especially to the oration which introduces the exercises of the Commencements, or similar public exhibitions, in American colleges.

Salutatory

Sa*lu"ta*to*ry, n.

1. A place for saluting or greeting; a vestibule; a porch. [Obs.] Milton.

2. (American Colleges) The salutatory oration.

Salute

Sa*lute" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saluted; p. pr. & vb. n. Saluting.] [L. salutare, salutatum, from salus, -utis, health, safety. See Salubrious.]

1. To adress, as with expressions of kind wishes and courtesy; to greet; to hail.

I salute you with this kingly title. Shak.

2. Hence, to give a sign of good will; to compliment by an act or ceremony, as a kiss, a bow, etc.

You have the prettiest tip of a finger . . . I must take the freedom to salute it. Addison.

3. (Mil. & Naval) To honor, as some day, person, or nation, by a discharge of cannon or small arms, by dipping colors, by cheers, etc.

4. To promote the welfare and safety of; to benefit; to gratify. [Obs.] "If this salute my blood a jot." Shak.

Salute

Sa*lute" (?), n. [Cf. F. salut. See Salute, v.]

1. The act of saluting, or expressing kind wishes or respect; salutation; greeting.

2. A sign, token, or ceremony, expressing good will, compliment, or respect, as a kiss, a bow, etc. Tennyson.

3. (Mil. & Naval) A token of respect or honor for some distinguished or official personage, for a foreign vessel or flag, or for some festival or event, as by presenting arms, by a discharge of cannon, volleys of small arms, dipping the colors or the topsails, etc.

Saluter

Sa*lut"er (?), n. One who salutes.

Salutiferous

Sal`u*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. salutifer; salus, -utis, health + ferre to bring.] Bringing health; healthy; salutary; beneficial; as, salutiferous air. [R.]
Innumerable powers, all of them salutiferous. Cudworth.
Syn. -- Healthful; healthy; salutary; salubrious.

Salutiferously

Sal`u*tif"er*ous*ly, adv. Salutarily. [R.]

Salvability

Sal`va*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or condition of being salvable; salvableness. [R.]
In the Latin scheme of redemption, salvability was not possible outside the communion of the visible organization. A. V. G. Allen.

Salvable

Sal"va*ble (?), a. [L. salvare to save, from salvus safe. Cf. Savable.] Capable of being saved; admitting of salvation. Dr. H. More. -- Sal"va*ble*ness, n. -- Sal"va*bly, adv.

Salvage

Sal"vage (?; 48), n. [F. salvage, OF. salver to save, F. sauver, fr. L. salvare. See Save.]

1. The act of saving a vessel, goods, or life, goods, or life, from perils of the sea.

Salvage of life from a british ship, or a foreign ship in British waters, ranks before salvage of goods. Encyc. Brit.

2. (Maritime Law) (a) The compensation allowed to persons who voluntarily assist in saving a ship or her cargo from peril. (b) That part of the property that survives the peril and is saved. Kent. Abbot.

Salvage

Sal"vage, a. & n. Savage. [Obs.] Spenser.

Salvation

Sal*va"tion (?), n. [OE. salvacioun, sauvacion, F. salvation, fr. L. salvatio, fr. salvare to save. See Save.]

1. The act of saving; preservation or deliverance from destruction, danger, or great calamity.

2. (Theol.) The redemption of man from the bondage of sin and liability to eternal death, and the conferring on him of everlasting happiness.

To earn salvation for the sons of men. Milton.
Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation. 2. Cor. vii. 10.

3. Saving power; that which saves.

Fear ye not; stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord, which he will show to you to-day. Ex. xiv. 13.
Salvation Army, an organization for prosecuting the work of Christian evangelization, especially among the degraded populations of cities. It is virtually a new sect founded in London in 1861 by William Booth. The evangelists, male and female, have military titles according to rank, that of the chief being "General." They wear a uniform, and in their phraseology and mode of work adopt a quasi military style.

Salvationist

Sal*va"tion*ist, n. An evangelist, a member, or a recruit, of the Salvation Army.

Salvatory

Sal"va*to*ry (?), n. [LL. salvatorium, fr. salvare to save.] A place where things are preserved; a repository. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

Salve

Sal"ve (?), interj. [L., hail, God save you, imperat. of salvere to be well. Cf. Salvo a volley.] Hail!

Salve

Sal"ve (? ∨ ?), v. t. To say "Salve" to; to greet; to salute. [Obs.]
By this that stranger knight in presence came, And goodly salved them. Spenser.

Salve

Salve (?; 277), n. [AS. sealf ointment; akin to LG. salwe, D. zalve, zalf, OHG. salba, Dan. salve, Sw. salva, Goth. salb to anoint, and probably to Gr. (Hesychius) sapris clarified butter. &root;155, 291.]

1. An adhesive composition or substance to be applied to wounds or sores; a healing ointment. Chaucer.

2. A soothing remedy or antidote.

Counsel or consolation we may bring. Salve to thy sores. Milton.
Salve bug (Zo\'94l.), a large, stout isopod crustacean (\'92ga psora), parasitic on the halibut and codfish, -- used by fishermen in the preparation of a salve. It becomes about two inches in length.

Salve

Salve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Salving.] [AS. sealfian to anoint. See Salve, n.]

1. To heal by applications or medicaments; to cure by remedial traetment; to apply salve to; as, to salve a wound. Shak.

2. To heal; to remedy; to cure; to make good; to soothe, as with an ointment, especially by some device, trick, or quibble; to gloss over.

But Ebranck salved both their infamies With noble deeds. Spenser.
What may we do, then, to salve this seeming inconsistence? Milton.
<-- salve one's conscience. salve one's wounded pride -->

Salve

Salve (?), v. t. & i. [See Salvage] To save, as a ship or goods, from the perils of the sea. [Recent]

Salver

Salv"er (?), n. One who salves, or uses salve as a remedy; hence, a quacksalver, or quack. [Obs.]

Salver

Sal"ver (?), n. [Cf. Salvage.] A salvor. Skeat.

Salver

Sal"ver (?), n. [Sp. salva pregustation, the tasting of viands before they are served, salver, fr. salvar to save, to taste, to prove the food or drink of nobles, from L. salvare to save. See Save.] A tray or waiter on which anything is presented. <-- now used mostly in compounds; e.g. tea salver -->

Salver-shaped

Sal"ver-shaped` (?), a. (Bot.) Tubular, with a speading border. See Hypocraterimorphous.

Salvia

Sal"vi*a (?), n. [L., sage.] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the sage. See Sage.

Salvific

Sal*vif"ic (?), a. [L. salficus saving; salvus saved, safe + facere to make.] Tending to save or secure safety. [Obs.]

Salvo

Sal"vo (?), n.; pl. Salvos (#). [L. salvo jure, literally, the right being reserved. See Safe.] An exception; a reservation; an excuse.
They admit many salvos, cautions, and reservations. Eilon Basilike.

Salvo

Sal"vo, n. [F. salve a discharge of heavy cannon, a volley, L. salve hail, imperat. of salvere to be well, akin to salvus well. See Safe.]

1. (Mil.) A concentrated fire from pieces of artillery, as in endeavoring to make a break in a fortification; a volley.

2. A salute paid by a simultaneous, or nearly simultaneous, firing of a number of cannon.

Salvor

Sal"vor (?), n. [See Salvation, Save] (Law) One who assists in saving a ship or goods at sea, without being under special obligation to do so. Wheaton.

Sam

Sam (?), adv. [AS. same. See Same, a.] Together. [Obs.] "All in that city sam." Spenser.

Samara

Sa*ma"ra (? ∨ ?), n. [L. samara, samera, the seed of the elm.] (Bot.) A dry, indehiscent, usually one-seeded, winged fruit, as that of the ash, maple, and elm; a key or key fruit.

Samare

Sam"are (?), n. See Simar.

Samaritan

Sa*mar"i*tan (?), a. [L. Samaritanus.] Of or pertaining to Samaria, in Palestine. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Samaria; also, the language of Samaria.

Samarium

Sa*ma"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. E. samarskite.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of doubtful identity. &hand; Samarium was discovered, by means of spectrum analysis, in certain minerals (samarskite, cerite, etc.), in which it is associated with other elements of the earthy group. It has been confounded with the donbtful elements decipium, philippium, etc., and is possibly a complex mixture of elements not as yet clearly identified. Symbol Sm. Provisional atomic weight 150.2.<-- a true element. Symb. Sa or Sm; At. No. 62; At. wt. 150.43. Valence 2 or 3. -->

Samaroid

Sam"a*roid (?; 277), a. [Samara + -oid.] (Bot.) Resembling a samara, or winged seed vessel.

Samarra

Sa*mar"ra (?), n. See Simar.

Samarskite

Sa*mar"skite (?), a. [After Samarski, a Russian.] (Min.) A rare mineral having a velvet-black color and submetallic luster. It is a niobate of uranium, iron, and the yttrium and cerium metals.

Sambo

Sam"bo, n. [Sp. zambo, sambo.] A colloquial or humorous appelation for a negro; sometimes, the offspring of a black person and a mulatto; a zambo.<-- deprecatory and impolite -->

Samboo

Sam"boo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sumbur.

Sambucus

Sam*bu"cus (?), n. [L., an elder tree.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs and trees; the elder.

Sambuke

Sam"buke (?), n. [L. sambuca, Gr. (Mus.) An ancient stringed instrument used by the Greeks, the particular construction of which is unknown.

Sambur

Sam"bur (?), n. [Hind. s\'bembar, s\'bebar.] (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian deer (Rusa Aristotelis) having a mane on its neck. Its antlers have but three prongs. Called also gerow. The name is applied to other species of the genus Rusa, as the Bornean sambur (R. equina).

Same

Same (?), a. [AS. same. adv.; akin to OS. sama, samo, adv., OHG. sam, a., sama, adv., Icel. samr, a., Sw. samme, samma, Dan. samme, Goth. sama, Russ. samui, Gr. sama, Gr. simul at the same time, similis like, and E. some, a., -some. &root;191. Cf. Anomalous, Assemble, Homeopathy, Homily, Seem, v. i., Semi-, Similar, Some.]

1. Not different or other; not another or others; identical; unchanged.

Thou art the same, and thy years shall have no end. Ps. cii. 27.

2. Of like kind, species, sort, dimensions, or the like; not differing in character or in the quality or qualities compared; corresponding; not discordant; similar; like.

The ethereal vigor is in all the same. Dryden.

3. Just mentioned, or just about to be mentioned.

What ye know, the same do I know. Job. xiii. 2.
Do but think how well the same he spends, Who spends his blood his country to relieve. Daniel.
&hand; Same is commonly preceded by the, this, or that and is often used substantively as in the citations above. In a comparative use it is followed by as or with.
Bees like the same odors as we do. Lubbock.
[He] held the same political opinions with his illustrious friend. Macaulay.

Sameliness

Same"li*ness (?), n. Sameness, 2. [R.] Bayne.

Sameness

Same"ness, n.

1. The state of being the same, identity; abscence of difference; near resemblance; correspondence; similarity; as, a sameness of person, of manner, of sound, of appearance, and the like. "A sameness of the terms." Bp. Horsley.

2. Hence, want of variety; tedious monotony. Syn. -- Identity; identicalness; oneness.

Samette

Sa*mette" (?), n. See Samite. [Obs.]

Samian

Sa"mi*an (?), a. [L. Samius.] Of or pertaining to the island of Samos.
Fill high the cup with Samian wine. Byreon.
Samian earth, a species of clay from Samoa, formerly used in medicine as an astringent.

Samian

Sa"mi*an, n. A native or inhabitant of Samos.

Samiel

Sa"mi*el (?; 277), n. [Turk. sam-yeli; Ar. samm poison + Turk. yel wind. Cf. Simoom.] A hot and destructive wind that sometimes blows, in Turkey, from the desert. It is identical with the simoom of Arabia and the kamsin of Syria.

Samiot

Sa"mi*ot (?), a. & n. [Cf. F. samiote.] Samian.
Page 1273

Samite

Sa"mite (?), a. [OF. samit, LL. samitum, examitum, from LGr. Six, and cf. Dimity.] A species of silk stuff, or taffeta, generally interwoven with gold. Tennyson.
In silken samite she was light arrayed. Spenser.

Samlet

Sam"let (?), n. [Cf. Salmonet.] The parr.

Sammier

Sam"mi*er (?), n. A machine for pressing the water from skins in tanning. Knight.

Samoan

Sa*mo"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Samoan Islands (formerly called Navigators' Islands) in the South Pacific Ocean, or their inhabitants. -- n. An inhabitant of the Samoan Islands.

Samovar

Sa"mo*var (?), n. [Russ. samovar'.] A metal urn used in Russia for making tea. It is filled with water, which is heated by charcoal placed in a pipe, with chimney attached, which passes through the urn. <-- Samoyed. 1. A breed of medium-sized sled dogs, originating in Siberia, of white or cream color. 2. A Uralic language spoken by the Samoyed people. -->

Samoyedes

Sam`oy*edes" (?), n. pl.; sing. Samoyede (. (Ethnol.) An ignorant and degraded Turanian tribe which occupies a portion of Northern Russia and a part of Siberia.<-- also Samoyeds. -->

Samp

Samp (?), n. [From American Indian s\'bepac, saupac, made soft, or thinned.] An article of food consisting of maize broken or bruised, which is cooked by by boiling, and usually eaten with milk; coarse hominy.

Sampan

Sam"pan (?), n. (Naut.) A Chinese boat from twelve to fifteen feet long, covered with a house, and sometimes used as a permanent habitation on the inland waters. [Written also sanpan.]

Samphire

Sam"phire (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [F. l'herbe de Saint Pierre. See Saint, and Petrel.] (Bot.) (a) A fleshy, suffrutescent, umbelliferous European plant (Crithmum maritimum). It grows among rocks and on cliffs along the seacoast, and is used for pickles.
Hangs one that gathers samphire, dreadful trade! Scak.
(b) The species of glasswort (Salicornia herbacea); -- called in England marsh samphire. (c) A seashore shrub (Borrichia arborescens) of the West Indies. Golden samphire. See under Golden.

Sample

Sam"ple (?), n. [OE. sample, asaumple, OF. essample, example, fr. L. exemplum. See Example, and cf. Ensample, Sampler.]

1. Example; pattern. [Obs.] Spenser. "A sample to the youngest." Shak.

Thus he concludes, and every hardy knight His sample followed. Fairfax.

2. A part of anything presented for inspection, or shown as evidence of the quality of the whole; a specimen; as, goods are often purchased by samples.

I design this but for a sample of what I hope more fully to discuss. Woodward.
Syn. -- Specimen; example. See Specimen.

Sample

Sam"ple, v. t.

1. To make or show something similar to; to match. Bp. Hall.

2. To take or to test a sample or samples of; as, to sample sugar, teas, wools, cloth.

Sampler

Sam"pler (?), n. [See Exampler, Exemplar.]

1. One who makes up samples for inspection; one who examines samples, or by samples; as, a wool sampler.

2. A pattern; a specimen; especially, a collection of needlework patterns, as letters, borders, etc., to be used as samples, or to display the skill of the worker.

Susie dear, bring your sampler and Mrs. Schumann will show you how to make that W you bothered over. E. E. Hale.

Samshoo, Samshu

Sam"shoo, Sam"shu (
, n. [Chinese san-shao thrice fired.] A spirituous liquor distilled by the Chinese from the yeasty liquor in which boiled rice has fermented under pressure. S. W. Williams.

Samson

Sam"son (?), n. An Israelite of Bible record (see Judges xiii.), distinguished for his great strength; hence, a man of extraordinary physical strength. Samson post. (a) (Naut.) A strong post resting on the keelson, and supporting a beam of the keelson, and supporting a beam of the deck; also, a temporary or movable pilar carrying a leading block or pulley for various purposes. Brande & C. (b) In deepwell boring, the post which supports the walking beam of the apparatus.

Sanability

San`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sanable; sanableness; curableness.

Sanable

San"a*ble (?), a. [L. sanabilis, fr. sanare to heal, fr. sanus sound, healthy. See Sane.] Capable of being healed or cured; susceptible of remedy. Syn. -- Remediable; curable; healable.

Sanableness

San"a*ble*ness, n. The quality of being sanable.

Sanation

Sa*na"tion (?), n. [L. sanatio. See Sanable.] The act of healing or curing. [Obs.] Wiseman.

Sanative

San"a*tive (?), a. [LL. sanativus.] Having the power to cure or heal; healing; tending to heal; sanatory. -- San"a*tive*ness, n.

Sanatorium

San`a*to"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Sanatory.] An establishment for the treatment of the sick; a resort for invalids. See Sanitarium.

Sanatory

San"a*to*ry (?), a. [LL. sanatorius, fr. L. sa to heal. See Sanable.] Conducive to health; tending to cure; healing; curative; sanative.
Sanatory ordinances for the protection of public health, such as quarantine, fever hospitals, draining, etc. De Quincey.
&hand; Sanatory and sanitary should not be confounded. Sanatory signifies conducive to health, while sanitary has the more general meaning of pertaining to health.

Sanbenito

San`be*ni"to (?), n. [Sp. & Pg. sambenito, contr. from L. saccus sack + benedictus blessed.]

1. Anciently, a sackcloth coat worn by penitens on being reconciled to the church.

2. A garnment or cap, or sometimes both, painted with flames, figures, etc., and worn by persons who had been examined by the Inquisition and were brought forth for punishment at the auto-da-f\'82.

Sance-bell, Sanctte bell

Sance"-bell" (?), Sanct"te bell" (?), n. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus.

Sanctificate

Sanc"ti*fi*cate (?), v. t. [L. sanctificatus, p.p. of sanctificare.] To sanctify. [Obs.] Barrow.

Sanctification

Sanc`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. sanctificatio: cf. F. sanctification.]

1. The act of sanctifying or making holy; the being sanctified or made holy; esp. (Theol.), the act of God's grace by which the affections of men are purified, or alienated from sin and the world, and exalted to, a supreme love to God; also, the state of being thus purified or sanctified.

God hath from the baginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth. 2 Thess. ii. 13.

2. The act of consecrating, or of setting apart, for a sacred purpose; consecration. Bp. Burnet.

Sanctified

Sanc"ti*fied (?), a. Made holy; also, made to have the air of sanctity; sanctimonious.

Sanctifier

Sanc"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who sanctifies, or makes holy; specifically, the Holy Spirit.

Sanctify

Sanc"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sanctified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sanctifying (?).] [F. sanctifier, L. sanctificare; sanctus holy + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Saint, and -fy.]

1. To make sacred or holy; to set apart to a holy or religious use; to consecrate by appropriate rites; to hallow.

God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it. Gen. ii. 3.
Moses . . . sanctified Aaron and his garnment. Lev. viii. 30.

2. To make free from sin; to cleanse from moral corruption and pollution; to purify.

Sanctify them through thy truth. John xvii. 17.

3. To make efficient as the means of holiness; to render productive of holiness or piety.

A means which his mercy hath sanctified so to me as to make me repent of that unjust act. Eikon Basilike.

4. To impart or impute sacredness, venerableness, inviolability, title to reverence and respect, or the like, to; to secure from violation; to give sanction to.

The holy man, amazed at what he saw, Made haste to sanctify the bliss by law. Dryden.
Truth guards the poet, sanctifies the line. Pope.

Sanctifyingly

Sanc"ti*fy`ing*ly (?), adv. In a manner or degree tending to sanctify or make holy.

Sanctiloquent

Sanc*til"o*quent (?), a. [L. sanctus holy + loquens, p. pr. of loqui to speak.] Discoursing on heavenly or holy things, or in a holy manner.

Sanctimonial

Sanc`ti*mo"ni*al (?), a. [Cf. LL. sanctimonialis. ] Sanctimonius. [Obs.]

Sanctimonious

Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous (?), a. [See Sanctimony.]

1. Possessing sanctimony; holy; sacred; saintly. Shak.

2. Making a show of sanctity; affecting saintliness; hypocritically devout or pious. "Like the sanctimonious pirate." Shak. -- Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. -- Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ness, n.

Sanctimony

Sanc"ti*mo*ny (?), n. [L. sanctimonia, fr. sanctus holy: cf. OF. sanctimonie. See Saint.] Holiness; devoutness; scrupulous austerity; sanctity; especially, outward or artificial saintliness; assumed or pretended holiness; hypocritical devoutness.
Her pretense is a pilgrimage; . . . which holy undertaking with most austere sanctimony she accomplished. Shak.

Sanction

Sanc"tion (?), n. [L. sanctio, from sancire, samctum to render sacred or inviolable, to fix unalternably: cf. F. sanction. See Saint.]

1. Solemn or ceremonious ratification; an official act of a superior by which he ratifies and gives validity to the act of some other person or body; establishment or furtherance of anything by authority to it; confirmation; approbation.

The strictest professors of reason have added the sanction of their testimony. I. Watts.

2. Anything done or said to enforce the will, law, or authority of another; as, legal sanctions. Syn. -- Ratification; authorization; authoruty; countenance; support.

Sanction

Sanc"tion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sanctioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sanctioning.] To give sanction to; to ratify; to confirm; to approve.
Would have counseled, or even sanctioned, such perilous experiments. De Quincey.
Syn. -- To ratify; confirm; authorize; countenance.

Sanctionary

Sanc"tion*a*ry (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or giving, sanction.

Sanctitude

Sanc"ti*tude (?), a. [L. sanctitudo.] Holiness; sacredness; sanctity. [R.] milton.

Sanctity

Sanc"ti*ty (?), n.; pl. Sanctities (#). [L. sanctitas, from sanctus holy. See Saint.]

1. The state or quality of being sacred or holy; holiness; saintliness; moral purity; godliness.

To sanctity she made no pretense, and, indeed, narrowly escaped the imputation of irreligion. Macaulay.

2. Sacredness; solemnity; inviolability; religious binding force; as, the sanctity of an oath.

3. A saint or holy being. [R.]

About him all the sanctities of heaven. Milton.
Syn. -- Holiness; godliness; piety; devotion; goodness; purity; religiousness;sacredness; solemnity. See the Note under Religion.

Sanctuarize

Sanc"tu*a*rize (?), v. t. To shelter by means of a sanctuary or sacred privileges. [Obs.] Shak.

Sanctuary

Sanc"tu*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Sanctuaries (#). [OE. seintuare, OF. saintuaire, F. sanctuaire, fr. L. sanctuarium, from sanctus sacred, holy. See Saint.] A sacred place; a consecrated spot; a holy and inviolable site. Hence, specifically: (a) The most retired part of the temple at Jerusalem, called the Holy of Holies, in which was kept the ark of the covenant, and into which no person was permitted to enter except the high priest, and he only once a year, to intercede for the people; also, the most sacred part of the tabernacle; also, the temple at Jerusalem. (b) (Arch.) The most sacred part of any religious building, esp. that part of a Christian church in which the altar is placed. (c) A house consecrated to the worship of God; a place where divine service is performed; a church, temple, or other place of worship. (d) A sacred and inviolable asylum; a place of refuge and protection; shelter; refuge; protection.
These laws, whoever made them, bestowed on temples the privelege of sanctuary. Milton
.
These admirable works of painting were made fuel for the fire; but some relics of it took sanctuary under ground, and escaped the common destiny. Dryden.
<-- Wildlife sanctuary, a tract of land set aside by law for the preservation of wildlife, in which no hunting is permitted. -->

Sanctum

Sanc"tum (?), n. [L., p.p. of sanctire to consecrate.] A sacred place; hence, a place of retreat; a room reserved for personal use; as, an editor's sanctum. Sanctum sanctorum [L.] , the Holy of Holies; the most holy place, as in the Jewish temple.

Sanctus

Sanc"tus (?), n. [L. sanctus, p.p. of sancire.]

1. (Eccl.) A part of the Mass, or, in Protestant churches, a part of the communion service, of which the first words in Latin are Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus [Holy, holy, holy]; -- called also Tersanctus.

2. (Mus.) An anthem composed for these words. Sanctus bell, a small bell usually suspended in a bell cot at the apex of the nave roof, over the chancel arch, in medi\'91val churches, but a hand bell is now often used; -- so called because rung at the singing of the sanctus, at the conclusion of the ordinary of the Mass, and again at the elevation of the host. Called also Mass bell, sacring bell, saints' bell, sance-bell, sancte bell.

Sand

Sand (?), n. [AS. sand; akin to D. zand, G. sand, OHG. sant, Icel. sandr, Dan. & Sw. sand, Gr.

1. Fine particles of stone, esp. of siliceous stone, but not reduced to dust; comminuted stone in the form of loose grains, which are not coherent when wet.

That finer matter, called sand, is no other than very small pebbles. Woodsward.

2. A single particle of such stone. [R.] Shak.

3. The sand in the hourglass; hence, a moment or interval of time; the term or extent of one's life.

The sands are numbered that make up my life. Shak.

4. pl. Tracts of land consisting of sand, like the deserts of Arabia and Africa; also, extensive tracts of sand exposed by the ebb of the tide. "The Libyan sands." Milton. "The sands o'Dee." C. Kingsley.

5. Courage; pluck; grit. [Slang] Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast.


Page 1274

-- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.

Sand

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Sanding.]

1. To sprinkle or cover with sand.

2. To drive upon the sand. [Obs.] Burton.

3. To bury (oysters) beneath drifting sand or mud.

4. To mix with sand for purposes of fraud; as, to sand sugar. [Colloq.] <-- 5. To grind down or make smooth by rubbing with an abrasive object, esp. with sandpaper; to sand down -->

Sandal

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal (?), n. Same as Sendal.
Sails of silk and ropes of sandal. Longfellow.

Sandal

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal, n. Sandalwood. "Fans of sandal." Tennyson.

Sandal

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal, n. [F. sandale, L. sandalium, Gr. sandal.] (a) A kind of shoe consisting of a sole strapped to the foot; a protection for the foot, covering its lower surface, but not its upper. (b) A kind of slipper. (c) An overshoe with parallel openings across the instep.

Sandaled

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"daled (?), a.

1. Wearing sandals.

The measured footfalls of his sandaled feet. Longfellow.

2. Made like a sandal.

Sandaliform

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*dal"i*form (?), a. [Sandal + -form.] (Bot.) Shaped like a sandal or slipper.

Sandalwood

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal*wood (?), n. [F. sandal, santal, fr. Ar. &cced;andal, or Gr. sa`ntalon; both ultimately fr. Skr. candana. Cf. Sanders.] (Bot.) (a) The highly perfumed yellowish heartwood of an East Indian and Polynesian tree (Santalum album), and of several other trees of the same genus, as the Hawaiian Santalum Freycinetianum and S. pyrularium, the Australian S. latifolium, etc. The name is extended to several other kinds of fragrant wood. (b) Any tree of the genus Santalum, or a tree which yields sandalwood. (c) The red wood of a kind of buckthorn, used in Russia for dyeing leather (Rhamnus Dahuricus). False sandalwood, the fragrant wood of several trees not of the genus Santalum, as Ximenia Americana, Myoporum tenuifolium of Tahiti. -- Red sandalwood, a heavy, dark red dyewood, being the heartwood of two leguminous trees of India (Pterocarpus santalinus, and Adenanthera pavonina); -- called also red sanderswood, sanders or saunders, and rubywood.

Sandarach, Sandarac

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"da*rach, San"da*rac, (, n. [L. sandaraca, Gr.

1. (Min.) Realgar; red sulphide of arsenic. [Archaic]

2. (Bot. Chem.) A white or yellow resin obtained from a Barbary tree (Callitris quadrivalvis or Thuya articulata), and pulverized for pounce; -- probably so called from a resemblance to the mineral.

Sandbagger

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"bag`ger (?), n. An assaulter whose weapon is a sand bag. See Sand bag, under Sand.

Sand-blind

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"-blind" (?), a. [For sam blind half blind; AS. s\'bem- half (akin to semi-) + blind.] Having defective sight; dim-sighted; purblind. Shak.

Sanded

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"ed, a.

1. Covered or sprinkled with sand; sandy; barren. Thomson.

2. Marked with small spots; variegated with spots; speckled; of a sandy color, as a hound. Shak.

3. Short-sighted. [Prov. Eng.]

Sandemanian

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`de*ma"ni*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Robert Sandeman, a Scotch sectary of the eighteenth century. See Glassite.

Sandemanianism

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`de*ma"ni*an*ism (?), n. The faith or system of the Sandemanians. A. Fuller.

Sanderling

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"der*ling (?), n. [Sand + 0ling. So called because it obtains its food by searching the moist sands of the seashore.] (Zo\'94l.) A small gray and brown sandpiper (Calidris arenaria) very common on sandy beaches in America, Europe, and Asia. Called also curwillet, sand lark, stint, and ruddy plover.

Sanders

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"ders (?), n. [See Sandal.] An old name of sandalwood, now applied only to the red sandalwood. See under Sandalwood.

Sanders-blue

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"ders-blue" (?), n. See Saundersblue.

Sandever

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"de*ver (?), n. See Sandiver. [Obs.]

Sandfish

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small marine fish of the Pacific coast of North America (Trichodon trichodon) which buries itself in the sand.

Sandglass

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"glass` (?), n. An instrument for measuring time by the running of sand. See Hourglass.

Sandhiller

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"hill`er (?), n. A nickname given to any "poor white" living in the pine woods which cover the sandy hills in Georgia and South Carolina. [U.S.]

Sandiness

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sandy, or of being of a sandy color.

Sandish

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"ish, a. Approaching the nature of sand; loose; not compact. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Sandiver

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"di*ver (?), n. [Perh. fr. OF. sa\'8bn grease, fat + de of + verre glass (cf. Saim), or fr. F. sel de verre sandiver.] A whitish substance which is cast up, as a scum, from the materials of glass in fusion, and, floating on the top, is skimmed off; -- called also glass gall. [Formerly written also sandever.]

Sandix

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dix (?), n. [L. sandix, sandyx, vermilion, or a color like vermilion, Gr. A kind of minium, or red lead, made by calcining carbonate of lead, but inferior to true minium. [Written also sandyx.] [Obs.]

Sandman

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"man` (?), n. A mythical person who makes children sleepy, so that they rub their eyes as if there were sand in them.

Sandnecker

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"neck`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A European flounder (Hippoglossoides limandoides); -- called also rough dab, long fluke, sand fluke, and sand sucker.

Sandpaper

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pa`per (?), n. Paper covered on one side with sand glued fast, -- used for smoothing and polishing.

Sandpaper

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pa`per, v. t. To smooth or polish with sandpaper; as, to sandpaper a door.

Sandpiper

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pi`per (?), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small limicoline game birds belonging to Tringa, Actodromas, Ereunetes, and various allied genera of the family Tringid\'91. &hand; The most important North American species are the pestoral sandpiper (Tringa maculata), called also browback, grass snipe, and jacksnipe; the red-backed, or black-breasted, sandpiper, or dunlin (T. alpina); the purple sandpiper (T.maritima: the red-breasted sandpiper, or knot (T. canutus); the semipalmated sandpiper (Ereunetes pusillus); the spotted sandpiper, or teeter-tail (Actitis macularia); the buff-breasted sandpiper (Tryngites subruficollis), and the Bartramian sandpiper, or upland plover. See under Upland. Among the European species are the dunlin, the knot, the ruff, the sanderling, and the common sandpiper (Actitis, ∨ tringoides, hypoleucus), called also fiddler, peeper, pleeps, weet-weet, and summer snipe. Some of the small plovers and tattlers are also called sandpipers.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A small lamprey eel; the pride. Curlew sandpiper. See under Curlew. -- Stilt sandpiper. See under Stilt.

Sandpit

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pit` (?), n. A pit or excavation from which sand is or has been taken.

Sandre

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dre (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A Russian fish (Lucioperca sandre) which yields a valuable oil, called sandre oil, used in the preparation of caviare.

Sandstone

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"stone` (?), n. A rock made of sand more or less firmly united. Common or siliceous sandstone consists mainly of quartz sand. &hand; Different names are aplied to the various kinds of sandstone according to their composition; as, granitic, argillaceous, micaceous, etc. Flexible sandstone (Min.), the finer-grained variety of itacolumite, which on account of the scales of mica in the lamination is quite flexible. -- Red sandstone, a name given to two extensive series of British rocks in which red sandstones predominate, one below, and the other above, the coal measures. These were formerly known as the Old and the New Red Sandstone respectively, and the former name is still retained for the group preceding the Coal and referred to the Devonian age, but the term New Red Sandstone is now little used, some of the strata being regarded as Permian and the remained as Triassic. See the Chart of Geology.

Sandwich

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"wich (?; 277), n. [Named from the Earl of Sandwich.] Two pieces of bread and butter with a thin slice of meat, cheese, or the like, between them. <-- 2. Any food composed of two pieces of bread with another food in between. 3. Any object composed of two layers of one subtance on either side of a second substance. -->

Sandwich

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"wich, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sandwiched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sandwiching.] To make into a sandwich; also, figuratively, to insert between portions of something dissimilar; to form of alternate parts or things, or alternating layers of a different nature; to interlard.

Sandworm

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of annelids which burrow in the sand of the seashore. (b) Any species of annelids of the genus Sabellaria. They construct firm tubes of agglutinated sand on rocks and shells, and are sometimes destructive to oysters. (c) The chigoe, a species of flea.

Sandwort

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Arenaria, low, tufted herbs (order Caryophyllace\'91.) <-- "of" missing? -->

Sandy

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"y (?), a. [Compar. Sandier (?); superl. Sandiest.] [AS. sandig.]

1. Consisting of, abounding with, or resembling, sand; full of sand; covered or sprinkled with sand; as, a sandy desert, road, or soil.

2. Of the color of sand; of a light yellowish red color; as, sandy hair.

Sandyx

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dyx (?), n. [L.] See Sandix.

Sane

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sane (?), a. [L. sanus; cf. Gr. Sound, a.]

1. Being in a healthy condition; not deranged; acting rationally; -- said of the mind.

2. Mentally sound; possessing a rational mind; having the mental faculties in such condition as to be able to anticipate and judge of the effect of one's actions in an ordinary maner; -- said of persons. Syn. -- Sound; healthy; underanged; unbroken.

Saneness

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sane"ness, n. The state of being sane; sanity.

Sang

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sang (?), imp. of Sing.

Sanga, Sangu

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"ga (?), San"gu (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Abyssinian ox (Bos ∨ Bibos, Africanus), noted for the great length of its horns. It has a hump on its back.

Sangaree

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`ga*ree" (?), n. [Sp. sangria, lit., bleeding, from sangre, blood, L. sanguis.] Wine and water sweetened and spiced, -- a favorite West Indian drink.

Sang-froid

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sang`-froid" (?), n. [F., cold blood.] Freedom from agitation or excitement of mind; coolness in trying circumstances; indifference; calmness. Burke.

Sangiac

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gi*ac (?), n. See Sanjak.

Sangraal, Sangreal

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`graal" (?), San"gre*al (?), n. [See Saint, and Grail.] See Holy Grail, under Grail.

Sanguiferous

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*guif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sanguis blood + -ferous.] (Physiol.) Conveying blood; as, sanguiferous vessels, i. e., the arteries, veins, capillaries.

Sanguification

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`gui*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. sanguification. See Sanguify.] (Physiol.) The production of blood; the conversion of the products of digestion into blood; hematosis.

Sanguifier

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*fi`er (?), n. A producer of blood.

Sanguifluous

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*guif"lu*ous (?), a. [L. sanguis blood + fluere to flow.] Flowing or running with blood.

Sanguify

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*fy (?), v. t. [L. sanguis blood + -fy: cf. F. sanguifier.] To produce blood from.

Sanguigenous

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*guig"e*nous (?), a. [L. sanguis + -genous.] Producing blood; as, sanguigenous food.

Sanguinaceous

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`gui*na"ceous (?), n. Of a blood-red color; sanguine.

Sanguinaria

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`gui*na"ri*a (?), n. [NL. See Sanguinary, a. & n.]

1. (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Poppy family. &hand; Sanguinaria Canadensis, or bloodroot, is the only species. It has a perennial rootstock, which sends up a few roundish lobed leaves and solitary white blossoms in early spring. See Bloodroot.

2. The rootstock of the bloodroot, used in medicine as an emetic, etc.

Sanguinarily

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ri*ly (?), adv. In a sanguinary manner.

Sanguinariness

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ri*ness, n. The quality or state of being sanguinary.

Sanguinary

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ry (?), a. [L. sanguinarius, fr. sanguis blood: cf. F.sanguinaire.]

1. Attended with much bloodshed; bloody; murderous; as, a sanguinary war, contest, or battle.

We may not propagate religion by wars, or by sanguinary persecutions to force consciences. Bacon.

2. Bloodthirsty; cruel; eager to shed blood.

Passion . . . makes us brutal and sanguinary. Broome.

Sanguinary

Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer, below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker. (b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium, abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ry, n. [L. herba sanguinaria an herb that stanches blood: cf. F. sanguinaire. See Sanguinary, a.] (Bot.) (a) The yarrow. (b) The Sanguinaria.
Page 1275

Sanguine

San"guine (?), a. [F. sanguin, L. sanguineus, fr. sanguis blood. Cf. Sanguineous.]

1. Having the color of blood; red.

Of his complexion he was sanguine. Chaucer.
Like to that sanguine flower inscribed with woe. Milton.

2. Characterized by abundance and active circulation of blood; as, a sanguine bodily temperament.

3. Warm; ardent; as, a sanguine temper.

4. Anticipating the best; not desponding; confident; full of hope; as, sanguine of success. Syn. -- Warm; ardent; lively; confident; hopeful.

Sanguine

San"guine, n.

1. Blood color; red. Spenser.

2. Anything of a blood-red, as cloth. [Obs.]

In sanguine and in pes he clad was all. Chaucer.

3. (Min.) Bloodstone.

4. Red crayon. See the Note under Crayon, 1.

Sanguine

San"guine, v. t. To stain with blood; to impart the color of blood to; to ensanguine.

Sanguineless

San"guine*less, a. Destitute of blood; pale. [R.]

Sanguine

San"guine, adv. In a sanguine manner.
I can not speculate quite so sanguinely as he does. Burke.

Sanguineness

San"guine*ness, n. The quality of being sanguine.

Sanguineous

San*guin"e*ous (?), a. [L. sanguineus. See Sanguine.]

1. Abounding with blood; sanguine.

2. Of or pertaining to blood; bloody; constituting blood. Sir T. Browne.

3. Blood-red; crimson. Keats.

sanguinity

san*guin"i*ty, n. The quality of being sanguine; sanguineness. Swift.

Sanguinivorous

San"gui*niv"o*rous (?), a. [L. sanguis + vorare to devour.] Subsisting on blood.

Sanguinolency

San*guin"o*len*cy (?), n. The state of being sanguinolent, or bloody.

Sanguinolent

San*guin"o*lent (?), a. [L. sanguinolentus, from sanguis blood: cf. F. sanguinolent.] Tinged or mingled with blood; bloody; as, sanguinolent sputa.

Sanguisuge

San"gui*suge (?), n. [L. sanguisuga; sanguis blood + sugere to suck.] (Zo\'94l.) A bloodsucker, or leech.

Sanguivorous

San*guiv"o*rous (?), a. [L. sanguis blood + vorare to devour.] (Zo\'94l.) Subsisting upon blood; -- said of certain blood-sucking bats and other animals. See Vampire.

Sanhedrin, Sanhedrim

San"he*drin (?), San"he*drim (?), n. [Heb. sanhedr\'c6n, fr. Gr. Sit.] (Jewish Antiq.) the great council of the Jews, which consisted of seventy members, to whom the high priest was added. It had jurisdiction of religious matters.

Sanhedrist

San"he*drist (?), n. A member of the sanhedrin. Schaeffer (Lange's Com. ).

Sanhita

San"hi*ta (?), n. [Skr. samhita, properly, combination.] A collection of vedic hymns, songs, or verses, forming the first part of each Veda.

Sanicle

San"i*cle (?), n. [F., from L. sanare to heal.] (Bot.) Any plant of the umbelliferous genus Sanicula, reputed to have healing powers.

Sanidine

San"i*dine (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A variety of orthoclase feldspar common in certain eruptive rocks, as trachyte; -- called also glassy feldspar.

Sanies

Sa"ni*es (?), n. [L.] (Med.) A thin, serous fluid commonly discharged from ulcers or foul wounds.

Sanious

Sa"ni*ous (?), a. [L. sanious, fr. sanies: cf. F. sanieux.]

1. (Med.) pertaining to sanies, or partaking of its nature and appearance; thin and serous, with a slight bloody tinge; as, the sanious matter of an ulcer.

2. (med.) Discharging sanies; as, a sanious ulcer.

Sanitarian

San`i*ta"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to health, or the laws of health; sanitary.

Sanitarian

San`i*ta"ri*an, n. An advocate of sanitary measures; one especially interested or versed in sanitary measures.

Sanitarist

San"i*ta*rist (?), n. A sanitarian.

Sanitarium

San`i*ta"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Sanitary.] A health station or retreat; a sanatorium. "A sanitarium for troops." L. Oliphant.

Sanitary

San"i*ta*ry (?), a. [L. sanitas health: cf. F. sanitaire. See Sanity.] Of or pertaining to health; designed to secure or preserve health; relating to the preservation or restoration of health; hygienic; as, sanitary regulations. See the Note under Sanatory. Sanitary Commission. See under Commission. <-- sanitary napkin, an absorbant pad worn to absorb the menstrual flow of women. -->

Sanitation

San`i*ta"tion (?), n. The act of rendering sanitary; the science of sanitary conditions; the preservation of health; the use of sanitary measures; hygiene.
How much sanitation has advanced during the last half century. H. Hartshorne.

Sanity

San"i*ty (?), n. [L. saniras, from sanus sound, healthy. See Sane.] The condition or quality of being sane; soundness of health of body or mind, especially of the mind; saneness.

Sanjak

San"jak (?), n. [Turk. sanj\'beg.] A district or a subvision of a vilayet. [Turkey]

Sank

Sank (?), imp. of Sink.

Sankha

Sank"ha (?), n. [Skr. &cced;ankha a shell.] A chank shell (Turbinella pyrum); also, a shell bracelet or necklace made in India from the chank shell.

Sankhya

Sankh"ya (?), n. A Hindoo system of philosophy which refers all things to soul and a rootless germ called prakriti, consisting of three elements, goodness, passion, and darkness. Whitworth.

Sannop

San"nop (s&acr;n"n&ocr;p), n. same as Sannup. Bancroft.

Sannup

San"nup (-n&ucr;p), n. A male Indian; a brave; -- correlative of squaw.

Sanny

San"ny (?), n. The sandpiper. [prov. Eng.]

Sans

Sans (s&aum;n; E. s&acr;nz), prep. [F., from L. sine without.] Without; deprived or destitute of. Rarely used as an English word. "Sans fail." Chaucer.
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. Shak.

Sanscrit

San"scrit (?), n. See Sanskrit.

Sans-culotte

Sans`-cu`lotte" (F. ?; E. , n. [F., without breeches.]

1. A fellow without breeches; a ragged fellow; -- a name of reproach given in the first French revolution to the extreme republican party, who rejected breeches as an emblem peculiar to the upper classes or aristocracy, and adopted pantaloons.

2. Hence, an extreme or radical republican; a violent revolutionist; a Jacobin.

Sans-culottic

Sans`-cu*lot"tic (?), a. pertaining to, or involving, sans-culottism; radical; revolutionary; Jacobinical. Carlyle.

Sans-culottism

Sans`-cu*lot"tism (?), n. [F. sans-culottisme.] Extreme republican principles; the principles or practice of the sans-culottes.

Sanskrit

San"skrit (?), n. [Skr. Samsk&rsdot;ta the Sanskrit language, literally, the perfect, polished, or classical language, fr. samsk&rsdot;ta prepared, wrought, made,excellent, perfect; sam together (akin to E. same) + k&rsdot;ta made. See Same, Create.] [Written also Sanscrit.] The ancient language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in determining their history and relations. Cf. Prakrit, and Veda.

Sanskrit

San"skrit, a. Of or pertaining to Sanskrit; written in Sanskrit; as, a Sanskrit dictionary or inscription.

Sanskritic

San*skrit"ic (?), a. Sanskrit.

Sanskritist

San"skrit*ist, n. One versed in Sanskrit.

Sans-souci

Sans`-sou`ci (?), adv. [F.] Without care; free and easy.

Santal

San"tal (?), n. [Santalum + piperonal.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance, isomeric with piperonal, but having weak acid properties. It is extracted from sandalwood.

Santalaceous

San`ta*la"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Santalace\'91), of which the genus Santalum is the type, and which includes the buffalo nut and a few other North American plants, and many peculiar plants of the southern hemisphere.

Santalic

San*tal"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sandalwood (Santalum); -- used specifically to designate an acid obtained as a resinous or red crystalline dyestuff, which is called also santalin.

Santalin

San"ta*lin (?), n. [Cf. F. santaline.] (Chem.) Santalic acid. See Santalic.

Santalum

San"ta*lum (?), n. [NL. See Sandalwood.] (Bot.) A genus of trees with entire opposite leaves and small apetalous flowers. There are less than a dozen species, occuring from India to Australia and the Pacific Islands. See Sandalwood.

Santees

San`tees" (?), n. pl.; sing. Santee (. (Ethnol.) One of the seven confederated tribes of Indians belonging to the Sioux, or Dakotas.

Santer

San"ter (?), v. i. See Saunter.

Santon

San"ton (?), n. [Sp. santon, augment fr. santo holy, L. sanctus.] A Turkish saint; a kind of dervish, regarded by the people as a saint: also, a hermit.

Santonate

San"to*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of santonic acid.

Santonic

San*ton"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid (distinct from santoninic acid) obtained from santonin as a white crystalline substance.

Santonin

San"to*nin (?), n. [L. herba santonica, a kind of plant, fr. Santoni a people of Aquitania; cf. Gr. santonine.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance having a bitter taste, extracted from the buds of levant wormseed and used as an anthelmintic. It occassions a peculiar temporary color blindness, causing objects to appear as if seen through a yellow glass.

Santoninate

San"to*nin`ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of santoninic acid.

Santoninic

San`to*nin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to santonin; -- used specifically to designate an acid not known in the free state, but obtained in its salts.

Sao

Sa"o (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine annelid of the genus Hyalin\'91cia, especially H. tubicola of Europe, which inhabits a transparent movable tube resembling a quill in color and texture.

Sap

Sap (?), n. [AS. s\'91p; akin to OHG. saf, G. saft, Icel. safi; of uncertain origin; possibly akin to L. sapere to taste, to be wise, sapa must or new wine boiled thick. Cf. Sapid, Sapient.]

1. The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition. &hand; The ascending is the crude sap, the assimilation of which takes place in the leaves, when it becomes the elaborated sap suited to the growth of the plant.

2. The sapwood, or alburnum, of a tree.

3. A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop. [Slang] Sap ball (Bot.), any large fungus of the genus Polyporus. See Polyporus. -- Sap green, a dull light green pigment prepared from the juice of the ripe berries of the Rhamnus catharticus, or buckthorn. It is used especially by water-color artists. -- Sap rot, the dry rot. See under Dry. -- Sap sucker (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small American woodpeckers of the genus Sphyrapicus, especially the yellow-bellied woodpecker (S. varius) of the Eastern United States. They are so named because they puncture the bark of trees and feed upon the sap. The name is loosely applied to other woodpeckers. -- Sap tube (Bot.), a vessel that conveys sap.

Sap

Sap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sapping.] [F. saper (cf. Sp. zapar, It. zapare), fr. sape a sort of scythe, LL. sappa a sort of mattock.]

1. To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of.

Nor safe their dwellings were, for sapped by floods, Their houses fell upon their household gods. Dryden.

2. (Mil.) To pierce with saps.

3. To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.

Ring out the grief that saps the mind. Tennyson.

Sap

Sap (?), v. i. To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps. W. P. Craighill.
Both assaults carried on by sapping. Tatler.

Sap

Sap, n. (Mil.) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc. Sap fagot (Mil.), a fascine about three feet long, used in sapping, to close the crevices between the gabions before the parapet is made. -- Sap roller (Mil.), a large gabion, six or seven feet long, filled with fascines, which the sapper sometimes rolls along before him for protection from the fire of an enemy.

Sapadillo

Sap`a*dil"lo (?), n. See Sapodila.

Sapajo

Sap"a*jo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sapajou.

Sapajou

Sap"a*jou (?), n. [F. sapajou, sajou, Braz. sajuassu.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of South American monkeys of the genus Cebus, having long and prehensile tails. Some of the species are called also capuchins. The bonnet sapajou (C. subcristatus), the golden-handed sapajou (C. chrysopus), and the white-throated sapajou (C. hypoleucus) are well known species. See Capuchin.

Sapan wood

Sa*pan" wood (?). [Malay sapang.] (Bot.) A dyewood yielded by C\'91salpinia Sappan, a thorny leguminous tree of Southern Asia and the neighboring islands. It is the original Brazil wood. [Written also sappan wood.]

Sapful

Sap"ful (?), a. Abounding in sap; sappy.

Saphead

Sap"head` (?), n. A weak-minded, stupid fellow; a milksop. [Low]

Saphenous

Sa*phe"nous (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) (a) Manifest; -- applied to the two principal superficial veins of the lower limb of man. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the saphenous veins; as, the saphenous nerves; the saphenous opening, an opening in the broad fascia of the thigh through which the internal saphenous vein passes.

Sapid

Sap"id (?), a. [L. sapidus, fr. sapere to taste: cf. F. sapide. See Sapient, Savor.] Having the power of affecting the organs of taste; possessing savor, or flavor.
Camels, to make the water sapid, do raise the mud with their feet. Sir T. Browne.

Sapidity

Sa*pid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. sapidit\'82.] The quality or state of being sapid; taste; savor; savoriness.
Whether one kind of sapidity is more effective than another. M. S. Lamson.

Sapidness

Sap"id*ness, n. Quality of being sapid; sapidity.
When the Israelites fancied the sapidness and relish of the fleshpots, they longed to taste and to return. Jer. Taylor.

Sapience

Sa"pi*ence (?), n. [L. sapientia: cf. F. sapience. See Sapient..] The quality of being sapient; wisdom; sageness; knowledge. Cowper.
Woman, if I might sit beside your feet, And glean your scattered sapience. Tennyson.

Sapient

Sa"pi*ent (?), a. [L. sapiens, -entis, p.pr. of sapere to taste to have sense, to know. See Sage, a.] Wise; sage; discerning; -- often in irony or contempt.
Where the sapient king Held dalliance with his fair Egyptian spouse. Milton.
Syn. -- Sage; sagacious; knowing; wise; discerning.

Sapiential

Sa`pi*en"tial (?), a. [L. sapientialis.] Having or affording wisdom. -- Sa`pi*en"tial*ly, adv.
The sapiential books of the Old [Testament]. Jer. Taylor.

Sapientious

Sa`pi*en"tious (?), a. Sapiential. [Obs.]

Sapientize

Sa"pi*ent*ize, v. t. To make sapient. [R.] Coleridge.

Sapiently

Sa"pi*ent*ly (?), adv. In a sapient manner.

Sapindaceous

Sap`in*da"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to an order of trees and shrubs (Sapindace\'91), including the (Typical) genus Sapindus, the maples, the margosa, and about seventy other genera.

Sapindus

Sa*pin"dus (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sapo soap + Indicus Indian.] (Bot.) A genus of tropical and subtropical trees with pinnate leaves and panicled flowers. The fruits of some species are used instead of soap, and their round black seeds are made into necklaces.

Sapless

Sap"less (?), a.

1. Destitute of sap; not juicy.

2. Fig.: Dry, old; husky; withered; spiritless. "A somewhat sapless womanhood." Lowell.

Now sapless on the verge of death he stands. Dryden.

sapling

sap"ling (?), n. A young tree. Shak.

Sapodilla

Sap`o*dil"la (?), n. [Sp. zapote, sapotillo, zapotillo, Mexican cochit-zapotl. Cf. Sapota.] (Bot.) A tall, evergeen, tropical American tree (Achras Sapota); also, its edible fruit, the sapodilla plum. [Written also sapadillo, sappadilo, sappodilla, and zapotilla.] Sapodilla plum (Bot.), the fruit of Achras Sapota. It is about the size of an ordinary quince, having a rough, brittle, dull brown rind, the flesh being of a dirty yellowish white color, very soft, and deliciously sweet. Called also naseberry. It is eatable only when it begins to be spotted, and is much used in desserts.

Sapogenin

Sa*pog"e*nin (?), n. [Saponin + -gen + in.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of saponin.

Saponaceous

Sap`o*na"ceous (?), a. [L. sapo, -onis, soap, of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. soap. See Soap.] Resembling soap; having the qualities of soap; soapy. &hand; Saponaceous bodies are compounds of an acid and a base, and are in reality a kind of salt.
Page 1276

Saponacity

Sap`o*nac"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being saponaceous.

Saponary

Sap"o*na*ry (?), a. Saponaceous. Boyle.

Saponifiable

Sa*pon*i*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of conversion into soap; as, a saponifiable substance.

Saponification

Sa*pon`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. saponification. See Saponify.] The act, process, or result, of soap making; conversion into soap; specifically (Chem.), the decomposition of fats and other ethereal salts by alkalies; as, the saponification of ethyl acetate.<-- "ethereal salt" = ester -->

Saponifier

Sa*pon"i*fi`er (?), n. (Chem.) That which saponifies; any reagent used to cause saponification.

Saponify

Sa*pon"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saponified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saponifying (?).] [L. sapo, -onis, soap + -fy: cf. F. saponifier.] To convert into soap, as tallow or any fat; hence (Chem.), to subject to any similar process, as that which ethereal salts undergo in decomposition; as, to saponify ethyl acetate.

Saponin

Sap"o*nin (?), n. [L. sapo, -onis soap: cf. F. saponine.] (Chem.) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort (Saponaria), in the bark of soap bark (Quillaia), etc. It is extracted as a white amorphus powder, which occasions a soapy lather in solution, and produces a local an\'91stesia. Formerly called also struthiin, quilaiin, senegin, polygalic acid, etc. By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.

Saponite

Sap"o*nite (?), n. [Sw. saponit, fr. L. sapo, -onis, soap.] (Min.) A hydrous silicate of magnesia and aluminia. It occurs in soft, soapy, amorphous masses, filling veins in serpentine and cavities in trap rock.

Saponul

Sap"o*nul (?), n. [F. saponule, fr. L. sapo, -onis, soap.] (Old Chem.) A soapy mixture obtained by treating an essential oil with an alkali; hence, any similar compound of an essential oil. [Written also saponule.] [Obs.]

Sapor

Sa"por (?), n. [L. See Savor.] Power of affecting the organs of taste; savor; flavor; taste.
There is some sapor in all aliments. Sir T. Browne.

Saporific

Sap`o*rif"ic (?), a. [L. sapor taste + facere to make.] Having the power to produce the sensation of taste; producing taste, flavor, or relish.

Saporosity

Sap`o*ros"i*ty (?), n. The quality of a body by which it excites the sensation of taste.

Saporous

Sap"o*rous (?), a. [L. saporius that relishes well, savory, fr. sapor taste.] Having flavor or taste; yielding a taste. [R.] Bailey.

Sapota

Sa*po"ta (?), n. [NL., from Sp. sapote, zapote. See Sapodilla.] (Bot.) The sapodilla.

Sapotaceous

Sap`o*ta"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order (Sapotace\'91) of (mostly tropical) trees and shrubs, including the star apple, the Lucuma, or natural marmalade tree, the gutta-percha tree (Isonandra), and the India mahwa, as well as the sapodilla, or sapota, after which the order is named.

Sappan wood

Sap*pan" wood" (?). Sapan wood.

Sappare

Sap"pare (?), n. [F. sappare; -- so called by Saussure.] (Min.) Kyanite. [Written also sappar.]

Sapper

Sap"per (?), n. [Cf. F. sapeur.] One who saps; specifically (Mil.), one who is employed in working at saps, building and repairing fortifications, and the like.

Sapphic

Sap"phic (?), a. [L. Sapphicus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to Sappho, the Grecian poetess; as, Sapphic odes; Sapphic verse.

2. (Pros.) Belonging to, or in the manner of, Sappho; -- said of a certain kind of verse reputed to have been invented by Sappho, consisting of five feet, of which the first, fourth, and fifth are trochees, the second is a spondee, and the third a dactyl.

Sapphic

Sap"phic, n. (Pros.) A Sapphic verse.

Sapphire

Sap"phire (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [OE. saphir, F. saphir, L. sapphirus, Gr. sapp\'c6r.]

1. (Min.) Native alumina or aluminium sesquioxide, Al2O3; corundum; esp., the blue transparent variety of corundum, highly prized as a gem.

of rubies, sapphires, and of pearl\'82s white. Chaucer.
&hand; Sapphire occurs in hexagonal crystals and also in granular and massive forms. The name sapphire is usually restricted to the blue crystals, while the bright red crystals are called Oriental rubies (see under Ruby), the amethystine variety Oriental amethyst (see under Amethyst), and the dull massive varieties corundum (a name which is also used as a general term to include all varieties). See Corundum.

2. The color of the gem; bright blue.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Any humming bird of the genus Hylocharis, native of South America. The throat and breast are usually bright blue. Star sapphire, ∨ Asteriated sapphire (Min.), a kind of sapphire which exhibits asterism.

Sapphire

Sap"phire, a. Of or resembling sapphire; sapphire; blue. "The sapphire blaze." Gray.

Sapphirine

Sap"phir*ine (?), n. Resembling sapphire; made of sapphire; having the color, or any quality of sapphire. "Sapphirine degree of hardness." Boyle.

Sappho

Sap"pho (?), n. [See Sapphic.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of brilliant South American humming birds of the genus Sappho, having very bright-colored and deeply forked tails; -- called also firetail.

Sappiness

Sap"pi*ness (?), n. The quality of being sappy; juiciness.

Sappodilla

Sap`po*dil"la (?), n. (Bot.) See Sapodilla.

Sappy

Sap"py (?), a. [Compar. Sappier (?); superl. Sappiest.] [From 1st Sap.]

1. Abounding with sap; full of sap; juisy; succulent.

2. Hence, young, not firm; weak, feeble.

When he had passed this weak and sapy age. Hayward.

3. Weak in intellect. [Low]

4. (Bot.) Abounding in sap; resembling, or consisting lagerly of, sapwood.

Sappy

Sap"py (?), a. [Written also sapy.] [Cf. L. sapere to taste.] Musty; tainted. [Obs.]

Saprophagan

Sa*proph"a*gan (?), n. [Gr. saprophage.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of beetles which feed upon dacaying animal and vegetable substances; a carrion beetle.

Saprophagous

Sa*proph"a*gous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Feeding on carrion.

Saprophyte

Sap"ro*phyte (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) Any plant growing on dacayed animal or vegetable matter, as most fungi and some flowering plants with no green color, as the Indian pipe.

Saprophytic

Sap`ro*phyt"ic (?), a. Feeding or growing upon decaying anomal or vegetable matter; pertaining to a saprophyte or the saprophytes.

Sapsago

Sap"sa*go (?), n. [G. schabzieger; schaben to shave, to scrape + zieger a sort of hey.] A kind of Swiss cheese, of a greenish color, flavored with melilot.

Sapskull

Sap"skull` (?), n. A saphead. [Low]

Sapucaia

Sap`u*ca"ia (?; Pg. , n. [Pg. sapucaya.] (Bot.) A Brazilian tree. See Lecythis, and Monkey-pot. [Written also sapucaya.] Sapucaia nut (Bot.), the seed of the sapucaia; -- called also paradise nut.

Sapwood

Sap"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The alburnum, or part of the wood on any exogenous tree next to the bark, being that portion of the tree through which the sap flows most freely; -- distinguished from Heartwood.

Sarabate

Sar"a*ba*te (?), n. [LL. Saraba\'8btae, pl.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of certain vagrant or heretical Oriental monks in the early church.

Saraband

Sar"a*band (?), n. [F. sarabande, Sp. zarabanda, fr. Per. serbend a song.] A slow Spanish dance of Saracenic origin, to an air in triple time; also, the air itself.
She has brought us the newest saraband from the court of Queen Mab. Sir W. Scott.

Saracen

Sar"a*cen (?), n. [l. Saracenus perhaps fr. Ar. sharqi, pl. sharqi\'c6n, Oriental Eastern, fr. sharaga to rise, said of the sun: cf. F. sarrasin. Cf. Sarcenet, Sarrasin, Sirocco.] Anciently, an Arab; later, a Mussulman; in the Middle Ages, the common term among Christians in Europe for a Mohammedan hostile to the crusaders. Saracen's consound (Bot.), a kind of ragewort (Senecio Saracenicus), anciently used to heal wounds.

Saracenic, Saracenical

Sar`a*cen"ic (?), Sar`a*cen"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Saracens; as, Saracenic architecture. "Saracenic music." Sir W. Scott.

Sarasin

Sar"a*sin (?), n. (Arch.) See Sarrasin.

Saraswati

Sa`ras*wa"ti (?), n. [Skr. Sarasvat\'c6.] (Hind. Myth.) The sakti or wife of Brahma; the Hindoo goddess of learning, music, and poetry.

Sarcasm

Sar"casm (?), n. [F. sarcasme, L. sarcasmu, Gr. A keen, reproachful expression; a satirical remark uttered with some degree of scorn or contempt; a taunt; a gibe; a cutting jest.
The sarcasms of those critics who imagine our art to be a matter of inspiration. Sir J. Reynolds.
Syn. -- Satire; irony; ridicule; taunt; gibe.

Sarcasmous

Sar*cas"mous (?), a. Sarcastic. [Obs.] "Sarcasmous scandal." Hubidras.

Sarcastic, Sarcastical

Sar*cas"tic (?), Sar*cas"tic*al (?), a. Expressing, or expressed by, sarcasm; characterized by, or of the nature of, sarcasm; given to the use of sarcasm; bitterly satirical; scornfully severe; taunting.
What a fierce and sarcastic reprehension would this have drawn from the friendship of the world! South.

Sarcastically

Sar*cas"tic*al*ly, adv. In a sarcastic manner.

Sarcel

Sar"cel (?), n. [OF. cercel, F. cerceau, L. circellus, dim. of circulus. See Circle.] One of the outer pinions or feathers of the wing of a bird, esp. of a hawk.

Sarceled

Sar"celed (?), a. (her.) Cut through the middle.

Sarcelle

Sar`celle" (?), n. [F., fr. L. querquedula.] (Zo\'94l.) The old squaw, or long-tailed duck.

Sarcenet

Sarce"net (?), n. [OF. sacenet; cf. LL. saracenium cloth made by Saracens. See Saracen.] A species of fine thin silk fabric, used for linings, etc. [Written also sarsenet.]
Thou green sarcenet flap for a sore eye. Shak.

Sarcin

Sar"cin (?), n. Same as Hypoxanthin.

Sarcina

Sar*ci"na (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) A genus of bacteria found in various organic fluids, especially in those those of the stomach, associated with certain diseases. The individual organisms undergo division along two perpendicular partitions, so that multiplication takes place in two directions, giving groups of four cubical cells. Also used adjectively; as, a sarcina micrococcus; a sarcina group. Sarcina form (Biol.), the tetrad form seen in the division of a dumb-bell group of micrococci into four; -- applied particularly to bacteria. See micrococcus.

Sarcle

Sar"cle (?), v. t. [F. sarcler to weed, fr. L. sarculare to hoe, fr. sarculum hoe.] To weed, or clear of weeds, with a hoe. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

Sarco

Sar"co (?). A combining form from Gr. flesh
; as, sarcophagous, flesh-eating; sarcology.

Sarcobasis

Sar*cob"a*sis (?), n.; pl. Sarcobases (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A fruit consisting of many dry indehiscent cells, which contain but few seeds and cohere about a common style, as in the mallows.

Sarcoblast

Sar"co*blast (?), n. [Sarco- + -blast.] (Zo\'94l.) A minute yellowish body present in the interior of certain rhizopods.

Sarcocarp

Sar"co*carp (?), n. [Sacro- + Gr. sarcocarpe.] (Bot.) the fleshy part of a stone fruit, situated between the skin, or epicarp, and the stone, or endocarp, as in a peach. See Illust. of Endocarp. &hand; The term has also been used to denote, any fruit which is fleshy throughout. M. T. Masters.

Sarcocele

Sar"co*cele (?), n. [Gr. sacroc\'8ale.] (Med.) Any solid tumor of the testicle.

Sarcocol, Sarcocolla

Sar"co*col (?), Sar`co*col"la (?), n. [L. sarcoccolla, from Gr. sacrocolle.] A gum resin obtained from certain shrubs of Africa (Pen\'91a), -- formerly thought to cause healing of wounds and ulcers.

Sarcodo

Sar"codo (?), n. [Gr. Sarcoid.] (Biol.) A name applied by Dujardin in 1835 to the gelatinous material forming the bodies of the lowest animals; protoplasm.

Sarcoderm, sarcoderma

Sar"co*derm (?), sar`co*der"ma (?), n. [NL. sacroderma. See Sarco-, and Derm.] (Bot.) (a) A fleshy covering of a seed, lying between the external and internal integuments. (b) A sarcocarp.

Sarcodic

Sar*cod"ic (? ∨ ?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to sarcode.

Sarcoid

Sar"coid (?), a. [Gr. Sarcode.] (Biol.) Resembling flesh, or muscle; composed of sarcode.

Sarcolactic

Sar`co*lac"tic (?), a. [Sarco- + lactic.] (Physiol. Chem.) relating to muscle and milk; as, sarcolactic acid. See Lactic acid, under Lactic.

Sarcolemma

Sar`co*lem"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The very thin transparent and apparently homogenous sheath which incloses a striated muscular fiber; the myolemma.

Sarcoline

Sar"co*line (?), a. [Gr. (Min.) Flesh-colored.

Sarcologic, Sarcological

Sar`co*log"ic (?), Sar`co*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to sarcology.

Sarcology

Sar*col"o*gy (?), n. [Sarco- + -logy: cf. F. sarcologie.] That part of anatomy which treats of the soft parts. It includes myology, angiology, neurology, and splanchnology.

Sarcoma

Sar*co"ma (?), n.; pl. L. Sarcomata (# ∨ #), E. sarcomas (#). [NL., from Gr. (Med.) A tumor of fleshy consistence; -- formerly applied to many varieties of tumor, now restricted to a variety of malignant growth made up of cells resembling those of fetal development without any proper intercellular substance.

Sarcomatous

Sar*com"a*tous (? ∨ ?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to sarcoma; resembling sarcoma.

Sarcophaga

Sar*coph"a*ga (?), n. pl. [NL., neut. pl. See Sarcophagus.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of carnivorous and insectivorous marsupials including the dasyures and the opossums.

Sarcophaga

Sar*coph"a*ga, n. [NL., frm. sing. See Sarcophagus.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Diptera, including the flesh flies.

Sarcophagan

Sar*coph"a*gan (?), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any animal which eats flesh, especially any carnivorous marsupial.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any fly of the genus Sarcophaga.

Sarcophagous

Sar*coph"a*gous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Feeding on flesh; flesh-eating; carnivorous.

Sarcophagus

Sar*coph"a*gus (?), n.; pl. L. Sarcophagi (#), E. Sarcophaguses (#). [L., fr. Gr. Sarcasm.]

1. A species of limestone used among the Greeks for making coffins, which was so called because it consumed within a few weeks the flesh of bodies deposited in it. It is otherwise called lapis Assius, or Assian stone, and is said to have been found at Assos, a city of Lycia. Holland.

2. A coffin or chest-shaped tomb of the kind of stone described above; hence, any stone coffin.

3. A stone shaped like a sarcophagus and placed by a grave as a memorial.

Sarcophagy

Sar*coph"a*gy (?), n. [Gr. Sarcophagus.] The practice of eating flesh.

Sarcophile

Sar"co*phile (?), n. [Sacro- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A flesh-eating animal, especially any one of the carnivorous marsupials.

sargoptes

sar*gop"tes (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of parasitic mites including the itch mites.

Sarcoptid

Sar*cop"tid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Sarcoptes and related genera of mites, comprising the itch mites and mange mites. -- a. Of or pertaining to the itch mites.

Sarcorhamphi

Sar`co*rham"phi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of raptorial birds composing the vultures.

Sarcoseptum

Sar`co*sep"tum (?), n.; pl. Sarcosepta (#). [Sarco- + septum.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the mesenteries of an anthozoan.

Sarcosin

Sar"co*sin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline nitrogenous substance, formed in the decomposition of creatin (one of the constituents of muscle tissue). Chemically, it is methyl glycocoll.<-- N-Methylglycine, C3H7NO2. -->

Sarcosis

Sar*co"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) Abnormal formation of flesh. (b) Sarcoma.

Sarcotic

Sar*cot"ic (?), a. [Gr. sarcotique.] (Med.) Producing or promoting the growth of flesh. [R.] -- n. A sarcotic medicine. [R.]

Sarcous

Sar"cous (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Fleshy; -- applied to the minute stryctural elements, called sarcous elements, or sarcous disks, of which striated muscular fiber is composed.

Sarculation

Sar`cu*la"tion (?), n. [L. sarculatio. See Sarcle.] A weeding, as with a hoe or a rake.
Page 1277

Sard

Sard (?), n. [L. sarda, Gr. sarde. Cf. Sardius.] (Min.) A variety of carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or brownish red color. See the Note under Chalcedony.

Sardachate

Sar"da*chate (?), n. [L. sardachates: cf. F. Sardachate. See Sard, and Agate.] (Min.) A variety of agate containing sard.

Sardan, Sardel

Sar"dan (?), Sar"del (?), n. [It. sardella. See Sardine a fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A sardine. [Obs.]

Sardel

Sar"del, n. A precious stone. See Sardius.

Sardine

Sar"dine (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [F. sardine (cf. Sp. sardina, sarda, It. sardina, sardella), L. sardina, sarda; cf. Gr. sardinia, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several small species of herring which are commonly preserved in olive oil for food, especially the pilchard, or European sardine (Clupea pichardus). The California sardine (Clupea sagax) is similar. The American sardines of the Atlantic coast are mostly the young of the common herring and of the menhaden.

Sardine

Sar"dine (? ∨ ?; 277), n. See Sardius.

Sardinian

Sar*din"i*an (?), a. [L. Sardinianus.] Of or pertaining to the island, kingdom, or people of Sardinia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Sardinia.

Sardius

Sar"di*us (?), n. [L. sardius, lapis sardinus, Gr. Sard.] A precious stone, probably a carnelian, one of which was set in Aaron's breastplate. Ex. xxviii. 17.

Sardoin

Sar"doin (?), n. [Cf. F. sardoine.] (Min.) Sard; carnelian.

Sardonian

Sar*do"ni*an (?), a. [Cf. F. sardonien.] Sardonic. [Obs.] "With Sardonian smile." Spenser.

Sardonic

Sar*don"ic (?), a. [F. sardonique, L. sardonius, Gr. Sardinia, Gr. Forced; unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or bitterly sarcastic; -- applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial semblance of gayety.
Where strained, sardonic smiles are glozing still, And grief is forced to laugh against her will. Sir H. Wotton.
The scornful, ferocious, sardonic grin of a bloody ruffian. Burke.
Sardonic grin ∨ laugh, an old medical term for a spasmodic affection of the muscles of the face, giving it an appearance of laughter.

Sardonic

Sar*don"ic, a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a kind of linen made at Colchis.

Sardonyx

Sar"do*nyx (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Sard, and Onyx.] (Min.) A variety of onyx consisting of sard and white chalcedony in alternate layers.

Saree

Sa"ree (?), n. [Hind. The principal garment of a Hindoo woman. It consists of a long piece of cloth, which is wrapped round the middle of the body, a portion being arranged to hang down in front, and the remainder passed across the bosom over the left shoulder.

Sargasso

Sar*gas"so (?), n. [Sp. sargazo seaweed.] (Bot.) The gulf weed. See under Gulf. Sargasso Sea, a large tract of the North Atlantic Ocean where sargasso in great abundance floats on the surface.

Sargassum

Sar*gas"sum (?), n. [NL.] A genus of alg\'91 including the gulf weed.

Sargo

Sar"go (?), n. [Sp. sargo, L. sargus a kind of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of sparoid fishes belonging to Sargus, Pomodasys, and related genera; -- called also sar, and saragu.

Sari

Sa"ri (?), n. Same as Saree.

Sarigue

Sa*rigue" (?), n. [F., from Braz. \'87arigueia, \'87arigueira.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South American opossum (Didelphys opossum), having four white spots on the face.

Sark

Sark (?), n. [AS. serce, syrce, ashirt; akin to Icel. serkr, Sw. s\'84rk.] A shirt. [Scot.]

Sark

Sark, v. t. (Carp.) To cover with sarking, or thin boards.

Sarkin

Sar"kin (?), n. [Gr. ( (Physiol. Chem.) Same as Hypoxanthin.

Sarking

Sark"ing (?), n. [From Sark shirt.] (Carp.) Thin boards for shealting, as above the rafters, and under the shingles or slates, and for similar purposes.

Sarlac, Sarlyk

Sar"lac (?), Sar"lyk (?), n. [Mongolian sarlyk.] (Zo\'94l.) The yak.

Sarmatian, Sarmatic

Sar*ma"tian (?), Sar*mat"ic (?), a. [L. Sarmaticus.] Of or pertaining to Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians und the Poles.

Sarment

Sar"ment (?), n. [L. sarmentum a twig, fr. sarpere to cut off, to trim: cf. F. sarment.] (Bot.) A prostrate filiform stem or runner, as of the strawbwrry. See Runner.

Sarmentaceous

Sar`men*ta"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Bearing sarments, or runners, as the strawberry.

Sarmentose

Sar`men*tose" (? ∨ ?), a. [L. sarmentosus: cf. F. sarmenteux. See Sarment.] (Bot.) (a) Long and filiform, and almost naked, or having only leaves at the joints where it strikes root; as, a sarmentose stem. (b) Bearing sarments; sarmentaceous.

Sarmentous

Sar*men"tous (?), a. (Bot.) Sarmentose.

Sarn

Sarn (?), n. [W. sarn a causeway, paving.] A pavement or stepping-stone. [Prov. Eng.] Johnson.

Sarong

Sa"rong (?), n. [Malay s\'berung.] A sort of petticoat worn by both sexes in Java and the Malay Archipelago. Balfour (Cyc. of India)

Saros

Sa"ros (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Astron) A Chaldean astronomical period or cycle, the length of which has been variously estimated from 3,600 years to 3,600 days, or a little short of 10 years. Brande & C. <-- A length of time (6535.82 days, or 18 years 11.32 days, assuming 4 leap years in that interval), after which the eclipses of the sun repeat their pattern, but are shifted 120° west.. -->

Sarplar

Sar"plar (?), n. [Cf. LL. sarplare. See Sarplier.] A large bale or package of wool, containing eighty tods, or 2,240 pounds, in weight. [Eng.]

Sarplier

Sar"plier (?), n. [F. serpilli\'8are; cf. Pr. sargelheira, LL. serpelleria, serpleria, Catalan sarpallera, Sp. arpillera.] A coarse cloth made of hemp, and used for packing goods, etc. [Written also sarpelere.] Tyrwhitt.

Sarpo

Sar"po (?), n. [Corruption of Sp. sapo a toad.] (Zo\'94l.) A large toadfish the Southern United States and the Gulf of Mexico (Batrachus tau, var. pardus).

Sarracenia

Sar`ra*ce"ni*a (?), n. [NL. So named after a Dr. Sarrazin of Quebec.] (Bot.) A genus of American perrenial herbs growing in bogs; the American pitcher plant. &hand; They have hollow pitcher-shaped or tubular leaves, and solitary flowers with an umbrella-shaped style. Sarracenia purpurea, the sidesaddle flower, is common at the North; S. flava, rubra, Drummondii, variolaris, and psittacina are Southern species. All are insectivorous, catching and drowning insects in their curious leaves. See Illust. of Sidesaddle flower, under Sidesaddle.

Sarrasin, Sarrasine

Sar"ra*sin, Sar"ra*sine (?), n. [F. sarrasine, LL. saracina. See Saracen.] (Fort.) A portcullis, or herse. [Written also sarasin.]

Sarsa

Sar"sa (?), n. Sarsaparilla. [Written also sarza.]

Sarsaparilla

Sar`sa*pa*ril"la (?), n. [Sp. zarzaparrilla; zarza a bramble (perhaps fr. Bisc. zartzia) + parra a vine, or Parillo, a physician said to have discovered it.] (Bot.) (a) Any plant of several tropical American species of Smilax. (b) The bitter mucilaginous roots of such plants, used in medicine and in sirups for soda, etc. &hand; The name is also applied to many other plants and their roots, especially to the Aralia nudicaulis, the wild sarsaparilla of the United States.

Sarsaparillin

Sar`sa*pa*ril"lin (?), n. See Parillin.

Sarse

Sarse (?), n. [F. sas, OF. saas, LL. setatium, fr. L. seta a stiff hair.] A fine sieve; a searce. [Obs.]

Sarse

Sarse, v. t. To sift through a sarse. [Obs.]

Sarsen

Sar"sen (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain; perhaps for saracen stone, i.e., a heathen or pagan stone or monument.] One of the large sandstone blocks scattered over the English chalk downs; -- called also sarsen stone, and Druid stone. [Eng.]

Sarsenet

Sarse"net (?), n. See Sarcenet.

Sart

Sart (?), n. An assart, or clearing. [Obs.] Bailey.

Sartorial

Sar*to"ri*al (?), a. [See Sartorius.]

1. Of or pertaining to a tailor or his work.

Our legs skulked under the table as free from sartorial impertinences as those of the noblest savages. Lowell.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to thesartorius muscle.

Sartorius

Sar*to"ri*us (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sartor a patcher, tailor, fr. sarcire, sartum, to patch, mend.] (Anat.) A muscle of the thigh, called the tailor's muscle, which arises from the hip bone and is inserted just below the knee. So named because its contraction was supposed to produce the position of the legs assumed by the tailor in sitting.

Sarum use

Sa"rum use` (?). (Ch. of Eng.) A liturgy, or use, put forth about 1087 by St. Osmund, bishop of Sarum, based on Anglo-Saxon and Norman customs.

Sash

Sash (?), n. [Pers. shast a sort of girdle.] A scarf or band worn about the waist, over the shoulder, or otherwise; a belt; a girdle, -- worn by women and children as an ornament; also worn as a badge of distinction by military officers, members of societies, etc.

Sash

Sash, v. t. To adorn with a sash or scarf. Burke.

Sash

Sash, n. [F. sh a frame, sash, fr. sh a shrine, reliquary, frame, L. capsa. See Case a box.]

1. The framing in which the panes of glass are set in a glazed window or door, including the narrow bars between the panes.

2. In a sawmill, the rectangular frame in which the saw is strained and by which it is carried up and down with a reciprocating motion; -- also called gate. French sash, a casement swinging on hinges; -- in distinction from a vertical sash sliding up and down.

Sash

Sash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sashing.] To furnish with a sash or sashes; as, to sash a door or a window.

Sashery

Sash"er*y (?), n. [From 1st Sash.] A collection of sashes; ornamentation by means of sashes. [R.]
Distinguished by their sasheries and insignia. Carlyle.

Sashoon

Sash"oon (?), n. [Etymology uncertain.] A kind of pad worn on the leg under the boot. [Obs.] Nares.

Sasin

Sa"sin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Indian antelope (Antilope bezoartica, ∨ cervicapra), noted for its beauty and swiftness. It has long, spiral, divergent horns.

Sassaby, Sassabye

Sas"sa*by (?), Sas"sa*bye (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large African antelope (Alcelaphus tunata), similar to the hartbeest, but having its horns regularly curved.

Sassafras

Sas"sa*fras (?), n. [F. sassafras (cf. It. sassafrasso, sassafras, Sp. sasafras, salsafras, salsifrax, salsifragia, saxifragia), fr. L. saxifraga saxofrage. See Saxifrage.] (Bot.) An American tree of the Laurel family (Sassafras officinale); also, the bark of the roots, which has an aromatic smell and taste. Australian sassafras, a lofty tree (Doryophora Sassafras) with aromatic bark and leaves. -- Chilian sassafras, an aromatic tree (Laurelia sempervirens). -- New Zealand sassafras, a similar tree (Laurelia Nov\'91 Zelandi\'91). -- Sassafras nut. See Pichurim bean. -- Swamp sassafras, the sweet bay (Magnolia glauca). See Magnolia.

Sassanage

Sas"sa*nage (?), n. [See Sarse a sieve.] Stones left after sifting. Smart.

Sassarara

Sas`sa*ra"ra (?), n. [Perh. a corruption of certiorari, the name of a writ.] A word used to emphasize a statement. [Obs.]
Out she shall pack, with a sassarara. Goldsmith.

Sasse

Sasse (?), n. [D. sas, fr. F. sas the basin of a waterfall.] A sluice or lock, as in a river, to make it more navigable. [Obs.] Pepys.

Sassenach

Sas"sen*ach (?), n. [Gael. sasunnach.] A Saxon; an Englishman; a Lowlander. [Celtic] Sir W. Scott.

Sassolin, Sassoline

Sas"so*lin (?), Sas"so*line (?), n. [From Sasso, a town in Italy: cf. F. sassolin.] (Min.) Native boric acid, found in saline incrustations on the borders of hot springs near Sasso, in the territory of Florence.

Sassorol, Sassorolla

Sas"so*rol (?), Sas`so*rol"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The rock pigeon. See under Pigeon.

Sassy bark

Sas"sy bark` (?). (Bot.) The bark of a West African leguminous tree (Erythrophl\'91um Guineense, used by the natives as an ordeal poison, and also medicinally; -- called also mancona bark.

Sastra

Sas"tra (?), n. Same as Shaster.

Sat

Sat (?), imp. of Sit. [Written also sate.]

Satan

Sa"tan (?), n. [Heb. sat\'ben an adversary, fr. s\'betan to be adverse, to persecute: cf. GR. Satan, Satanas.] The grand adversary of man; The Devil, or Prince of darkness; the chief of the fallen angels; the archfiend.
I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven. Luke x. 18.

Satanic, Satanical

Sa*tan"ic (?), Sa*tan"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. satanique, GR. Of or pertaining to Satan; having the qualities of Satan; resembling Satan; extremely malicious or wicked; devilish; infernal. "Satanic strength." "Satanic host." Milton.
Detest the slander which, with a Satanic smile, exults over the character it has ruined. Dr. T. Dwight.
-- Sa*tan"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Sa*tan"ic*al*ness, n.

Satanism

Sa"tan*ism (?), n. The evil and malicious disposition of Satan; a diabolical sprit. [R.] <-- 2. Worship of satan. -->

Satanist

Sa"tan*ist, n. A very wicked-person. [R.] Granger.

Satanophany

Sa`tan*oph"a*ny (?), n. [Satan + Gr. An incarnation of Satan; a being possessed by a demon. [R.] O. A. Brownson.

Satchel

Satch"el (?) n. [OF. sachel, fr. L. saccellus, dim. of saccus. See Sack a bag.] A little sack or bag for carrying papers, books, or small articles of wearing apparel; a hand bag. [Spelled also sachel.]
The whining schoolboy with his satchel. Shak.

Sate

Sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sated; p. pr. & vb. n. Sating.] [Probably shortened fr. satiate: cf. L. satus full. See Satiate.] To satisfy the desire or appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit.
Crowds of wanderers sated with the business and pleasure of great cities. Macaulay.

Sate

Sate (?), imp. of Sit.
But sate an equal guest at every board. Lowell.

Sateen

Sat*een" (?), n. [Cf. Satin.] A kind of dress goods made of cotton or woolen, with a glossy surface resembling satin.

Sateless

Sate"less (?), a. Insatiable. [R.] Young.

Satellite

Sat"el*lite (?), n. [F., fr. L. Stelles, -itis, an attendant.]

1. An attendant attached to a prince or other powerful person; hence, an obsequious dependent. "The satellites of power." I. Disraeli.

2. (Astron.) A secondary planet which revolves about another planet; as, the moon is a satellite of the earth. See Solar system, under Solar. Satellite moth (Zo\'94l.), a handsome European noctuid moth (Scopelosoma satellitia).

Satellite

Sat"el*lite, a. (Anat.) Situated near; accompanying; as, the satellite veins, those which accompany the arteries.

Satellitions

Sat`el*li"tions (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, satellites. [R.] Cheyne.

Satiate

Sa"ti*ate (?), a. [L. satiatus, p. p. of satiare to satisfy, from sat, satis, enough. See Sad, a., and cf. Sate.] Filled to satiety; glutted; sated; -- followed by with or of. "Satiate of applause." Pope.

Satiate

Sa"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Satiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Satiating.]

1. To satisfy the appetite or desire of; tho feed to the full; to furnish enjoyment to, to the extent of desire; to sate; as, to satiate appetite or sense.

These [smells] rather woo the sense than satiate it. Bacon.
I may yet survive the malice of my enemies, although they should be satiated with my blood. Eikon Basilike.

2. To full beyond matural desire; to gratify to repletion or loathing; to surfeit; to glut.

3. To saturate. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton. Syn. -- To satisfy; sate; suffice; cloy; gorge; overfill; surfeit; glut. -- Satiate, Satisfy, Content. These words differ principally in degree. To Content is to make contented, even though every desire or appetite is not fully gratified. To satisfy is to appease fully the longings of desire. To satiate is to fill so completely that it is not possible to receive or enjoy more; hence, to overfill; to cause disgust in.

Content with science in the vale of peace. Pope.
His whole felicity is endless strife;
No peace, no satisfaction, crowns his life. Beaumont.
He may be satiated, but not satisfied. Norris.

Satiation

Sa`ti*a"tion (?), n. Satiety.

Satiety

Sa*ti"e*ty (?), n. [L. satietas, from satis, sat, enough: cf. F. sati\'82t\'82.] The state of being satiated or glutted; fullness of gratification, either of the appetite or of any sensual desire; fullness beyond desire; an excess of gratification which excites wearisomeness or loathing; repletion; satiation.
In all pleasures there is satiety. Hakewill.
But thy words, with grace divine Imbued, bring to their sweetness no satiety. Milton.
Syn. -- Repletion; satiation; surfeit; cloyment.
Page 1278

Satin

Sat"in (?), n. [F. satin (cf. Pg. setim), fr. It. setino, from seta silk, L. saeta, seta, a thick, stiff hair, a bristle; or possibly ultimately of Chinese origin; cf. Chin. sz-t\'81n, sz-twan. Cf. Sateen.] A silk cloth, of a thick, close texture, and overshot woof, which has a glossy surface.
Cloths of gold and satins rich of hue. Chaucer.
Denmark satin, a kind of lasting; a stout worsted stuff, woven with a satin twill, used for women's shoes. -- Farmer's satin. See under Farmer. -- Satin bird (Zo\'94l.), an Australian bower bird. Called also satin grackle. -- Satin flower (Bot.) See Honesty, 4. -- Satin spar. (Min.) (a) A fine fibrous variety of calcite, having a pearly luster. (b) A similar variety of gypsum. -- Satin sparrow (Zo\'94l.), the shining flycatcher (Myiagra nitida) of Tasmania and Australia. The upper surface of the male is rich blackish green with a metallic luster. -- Satin stone, satin spar.

Satinet

Sat`i*net" (?), n. [F., fr. satin. See Satin.]

1. A thin kind of satin.

2. A kind of cloth made of cotton warp and woolen filling, used chiefly for trousers.

satinwood

sat"in*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The hard, lemon-colored, fragrant wood of an East Indian tree (Chloroxylon Swietnia). It takes a lustrous finish, and is used in cabinetwork. The name is also given to the wood of a species of prickly ash (Xanthoxylum Carib\'91um) growing in Florida and the West Indies.

Satiny

Sat"in*y (?), a. Like or composed of satin; glossy; as, to have a satiny appearance; a satiny texture.

Sation

Sa"tion (?), n. [L. satio, fr. serere, satum, to sow.] A sowing or planting. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Satire

Sat"ire (?; in Eng. often , n. [L. satira, satura, fr. satura (sc. lanx) a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, a medley, fr. satur full of food, sated, fr. sat, satis, enough: cf. F. satire. See Sate, Sad, a., and cf. Saturate.]

1. A composition, generally poetical, holding up vice or folly to reprobation; a keen or severe exposure of what in public or private morals deserves rebuke; an invective poem; as, the Satires of Juvenal.

2. Keeness and severity of remark; caustic exposure to reprobation; trenchant wit; sarcasm. Syn. -- Lampoon; sarcasm; irony; ridicule; pasquinade; burlesque; wit; humor.

Satiric, Satirical

Sa*tir"ic (?), Sa*tir"ic*al (?), a. [L. satiricus: cf. F. satirique.]

1. Of or pertaining to satire; of the nature of satire; as, a satiric style.

2. Censorious; severe in language; sarcastic; insulting. "Satirical rogue." Shak. Syn. -- Cutting; caustic; poignant; sarcastic; ironical; bitter; reproachful; abusive. -- Sa*tir"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Sa*tir"ic*al*ness, n.

Satirist

Sat"ir*ist (?), n. [Cf. F. satiriste.] One who satirizes; especially, one who writes satire.
The mighty satirist, who . . . had spread through the Whig ranks. Macaulay.

Satirize

Sat"ir*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Satirized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Satirizing (?).] [Cf. F. satiriser.] To make the object of satire; to attack with satire; to censure with keenness or severe sarcasm.
It is as hard to satirize well a man of distinguished vices, as to praise well a man of distinguished virtues. Swift.

Satisfaction

Sat`is*fac"tion (?), n. [OE. satisfaccioum, F. satisfaction, fr. L. satisfactio, fr. satisfacere to satisfy. See Satisfy.]

1. The act of satisfying, or the state of being satisfied; gratification of desire; contentment in possession and enjoyment; repose of mind resulting from compliance with its desires or demands.

The mind having a power to suspend the execution and satisfaction of any of its desires. Locke.

2. Settlement of a claim, due, or demand; payment; indemnification; adequate compensation.

We shall make full satisfaction. Shak.

3. That which satisfies or gratifiles; atonement.

Die he, or justice must; unless or him Some other, able, and as willing, pay The rigid satisfaction, death for death. Milton.
Syn. -- Contentment; content; gratification; pleasure; recompence; compensation; amends; remuneration; indemnification; atonement.

Satiafactive

Sat`ia*fac"tive (?), a. Satisfactory. [Obs.]
Satisfactive discernment of fish. Sir T. Browne.

Satisfactory

Sat`is*fac"to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. satisfactoire.]

1. Giving or producing satisfaction; yielding content; especially, relieving the mind from doubt or uncertainty, and enabling it to rest with confidence; sufficient; as, a satisfactory account or explanation.

2. Making amends, indemnification, or recompense; causing to cease from claims and to rest content; compensating; atoning; as, to make satisfactory compensation, or a satisfactory apology.

A most wise and sufficient means of redemption and salvation, by the satisfactory and meritorius death and obedience of the incarnate Son of God, Jesus Christ. Bp. Sanderson.
-- Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ty (#), adv. -- Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness, n.

Satisfiable

Sat"is*fi`a*ble, a. That may be satisfied.

Satisfier

Sat"is*fi`er (?), n. One who satisfies.

Satisfy

Sat"is*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Satisfied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Satisfying (?).] [OF. satisfier; L. satis enough + -ficare (in comp.) to make; cf. F. satisfaire, L. satisfacere. See Sad, a., and Fact.]

1. In general, to fill up the measure of a want of (a person or a thing); hence, to grafity fully the desire of; to make content; to supply to the full, or so far as to give contentment with what is wished for.

Death shall . . . with us two Be forced to satisfy his ravenous maw. Milton.

2. To pay to the extent of chaims or deserts; to give what is due to; as, to satisfy a creditor.

3. To answer or discharge, as a claim, debt, legal demand, or the like; to give compensation for; to pay off; to requitte; as, to satisfy a claim or an execution.

4. To free from doubrt, suspense, or uncertainty; to give assurance to; as, to satisfy one's self by inquiry.

The standing evidences of the truth of the gospel are in themselves most firm, solid, and satisfying. Atterbury.
Syn. -- To satiate; sate; content; grafity; compensate. See Satiate.

Satisfy

Sat"is*fy (?), v. i.

1. To give satisfaction; to afford gratification; to leave nothing to be desire.

2. To make payment or atonement; to atone. Milton.

Satisfyingly

Sat"is*fy`ing*ly (?), adv. So as to satisfy; satisfactorily.

Sative

Sa"tive (?), a. [L. sativus, fr. serere, satum, to sow.] Sown; propagated by seed. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Satle

Sa"tle (?), v. t. & i. To settle. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Satrap

Sa"trap (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [L. satrapes, Gr. khsatrap\'bevan ruler: cf. F. satrape.] The governor of a province in ancient Persia; hence, a petty autocrat despot.

Satrapal

Sa"trap*al (? ∨ ?), a. Of or pertaining to a satrap, or a satrapy.

Satrapess

Sa"trap*ess (? ∨ ?), n. A female satrap.

Satrapial

Sa*trap"ial (?), a. Satrapal. [R.]

Satrapy

Sa"trap*y (?; 277), n.; pl. Satrapies (#). [L. satrapia, satrapea, Gr. satrapie.] The government or jurisdiction of a satrap; a principality. Milton.

Satsuma ware

Sat"su*ma ware" (? ∨ ?). (Fine Arts) A kind of ornamental hard-glazed pottery made at Satsuma in Kiushu, one of the Japanese islands.

Saturable

Sat"u*ra*ble (?; 135), a. [L. saturabilis: cf. F. saturable.] Capable of being saturated; admitting of saturation. -- Sat`u*ra*bil"i*ty (#), n.

Saturant

Sat"u*rant (?), a. [L. saturans, p. pr. See Saturate.] Impregnating to the full; saturating.

Saturant

Sat"u*rant, n.

1. (Chem.) A substance used to neutralize or saturate the affinity of another substance.

2. (Med.) An antacid, as magnesia, used to correct acidity of the stomach.

Saturate

Sat"u*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saturated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saturating.] [L. saturatus, p.p. of saturate to saturate, fr. satur full of food, sated. See Satire.]

1. To cause to become completely penetrated, impregnated, or soaked; to fill fully; to sate.

Innumerable flocks and herbs covered that vast expanse of emerald meadow saturated with the moisture of the Atlantic. Macaulay.
Fill and saturate each kind With good according to its mind. Emerson.

2. (Chem.) To satisfy the affinity of; to cause to become inert by chemical combination with all that it can hold; as, to saturate phosphorus with chlorine.

Saturate

Sat"u*rate (?), p. a. [L. saturatus, p. p.] Filled to repletion; saturated; soaked.
Dries his feathers saturate with dew. Cowper.
The sand beneath our feet is saturate With blood of martyrs. Longfellow.

Saturated

Sat"u*ra`ted (?), a.

1. Filled to repletion; holding by absorption, or in solution, all that is possible; as, saturated garments; a saturated solution of salt.

2. (Chem.) Having its affinity satisfied; combined with all it can hold; -- said of certain atoms, radicals, or compounds; thus, methane is a saturated compound. Contrasted with unsaturated. &hand; A saturated compound may exchange certain ingredients for others, but can not take on more without such exchange. Saturated color (Optics), a color not diluted with white; a pure unmixed color, like those of the spectrum.

Saturation

Sat`u*ra"tion (?), n. [L. saturatio: cf. F. saturation.]

1. The act of saturating, or the state of being saturating; complete penetration or impregnation.

2. (Chem.) The act, process, or result of saturating a substance, or of combining it to its fullest extent.

3. (Optics) Freedom from mixture or dilution with white; purity; -- said of colors. &hand; The degree of saturation of a color is its relative purity, or freedom from admixture with white.

saturator

sat"u*ra`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, saturates.

Saturday

Sat"ur*day (?; 48), n. [OE. Saterday, AS. S\'91terd\'91g, S\'91ternd\'91g, S\'91ternesd\'91g, literally, Saturn's day, fr. L. Saturnus Saturn + AS. d\'91g day; cf. L. dies Saturni.] The seventh or last day of the week; the day following Friday and preceding Sunday.

Saturity

Sa*tu"ri*ty (?), n. [L. saturitas, fr. satur full of food, sated.] The state of being saturated; fullness of supply. [Obs.] Warner.

Saturn

Sa"turn (?), n. [L. Saturnus, literally, the saower, fr. serere, satum, to sow. See Season.]

1. (Roman Myth.) One of the elder and principal deities, the son of C\'d2lus and Terra (Heaven and Earth), anf the father of Jupiter. The corresponding Greek divinity was Kro`nos, later CHro`nos, Time.

2. (Astron.) One of the planets of the solar system, next in magnitude to Jupiter, but more remote from the sun. Its diameter is seventy thousand miles, its mean distance from the sun nearly eight hundred and eighty millions of miles, and its year, or periodical revolution round the sun, nearly twenty-nine years and a half. It is surrounded by a remarkable system of rings, and has eight satellites. <-- more satellites have been discovered. -->

3. (Alchem.) The metal lead. [Archaic]

Saturnalia

Sat`ur*na"li*a (?), n. pl. [L. See Saturn.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) the festival of Saturn, celebrated in December, originally during one day, but afterward during seven days, as a period of unrestrained license and merriment for all classes, extending even to the slaves.

2. Hence: A period or occasion of general licemse, in which the passions or vices have riotous indulgence.

Saturnalian

Sat`ur*na"li*an (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to the Saturnalia.

2. Of unrestrained and intemperate jollity; riotously merry; dissolute. "Saturnalian amusement." Burke.

Saturnian

Sa*tur"ni*an (?), a. [L. Saturnius.]

1. (Roman Myth.) Of or pertaining to Saturn, whose age or reign, from the mildness and wisdom of his government, is called the golden age.

2. Hence: Resembling the golden age; distinguished for peacefulness, happiness, contentment.

Augustus, born to bring Saturnian times. Pope.

3. (Astron.) Of or pertaining to the planet Saturn; as, the Saturnian year. Saturnian verse (Pros.), a meter employed by early Roman satirists, consisting of three iambics and an extra syllable followed by three trochees, as in the line: -- Th&ecr; qu&emac;en | w&acr;s &ismac;n | th&ecr; k&ismac;tch | &ecr;n &emac;at&icr;ng | br&emac;ad &acr;nd | h&omac;n&ecr;y.

Saturnian

Sa*tur"ni*an, n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large handsome moths belonging to Saturnia and allied genera. The Luna moth, polyphemus, and promethea, are examples. They belong to the Silkworn family, and some are raised for their silk. See Polyphemus.

Saturnicentric

Sat`urn*i*cen"tric (?), a. (Astron.) Appearing as if seen from the center of the planet Saturn; relating or referred to Saturn as a center.

Saturnine

Sat"ur*nine (?), a. [L. Saturnus the god Saturn, also, the planet Saturn: cf. F. saturnin of or pertaining to lead (Saturn, in old chemistry, meaning lead),saturnien saturnine, saturnian. See Saturn.]

1. Born under, or influenced by, the planet Saturn.

2. Heavy; grave; gloomy; dull; -- the opposite of mercurial; as, a saturnine person or temper. Addison.

3. (Old Chem.) Of or pertaining to lead; characterized by, or resembling, lead, which was formerly called Saturn. [Archaic] Saturnine colic (Med.), lead colic.

Saturnism

Sat"ur*nism (?), n. (Med.) Plumbum. Quain.

Saturnist

Sat"ur*nist (?), n. A person of a dull, grave, gloomy temperament. W. browne.

Satyr

Sa"tyr (?; 277), n. [L. satyrus, Gr. satyre.]

1. (Class. Myth.) A sylvan deity or demigod, represented as part man and part goat, and characterized by riotous merriment and lasciviousness.

Rough Satyrs danced; and Fauns, with cloven heel, From the glad sound would not be absent long. Milton.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of many species of butterflies belonging to the family Nymphalid\'91. Their colors are commonly brown and gray, often with ocelli on the wings. Called also meadow browns.

3. (Zo\'94l.) The orangoutang.

Satyriasis

Sat`y*ri"a*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Satyr.] Immoderate venereal appetite in the male. Quain.

Satyric, Satyrical

Sa*tyr"ic (?), Sa*tyr"ic*al (?), a. [L. satyricus, Gr. Of or pertaining to satyrs; burlesque; as, satyric tragedy. P. Cyc.

Satyrion

Sa*tyr"i*on (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.) Any one of several kinds of orchids. [Obs.]

Sauba ant

Sau"ba ant` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A South American ant (Ecodoma cephalotes) remarkable for having two large kinds of workers besides the ordinary ones, and for the immense size of its formicaries. The sauba ant cuts off leaves of plants and carries them into its subterranean nests, and thus often does great damage by defoliating trees and cultivated plants.<-- a leaf-cutting ant -->

Sauce

Sauce (?), n. [F., fr. OF. sausse, LL. salsa, properly, salt pickle, fr. L. salsus salted, salt, p.p. of salire to salt, fr. sal salt. See Salt, and cf. Saucer, Souse pickle, Souse to plunge.]

1. A composition of condiments and appetizing ingredients eaten with food as a relish; especially, a dressing for meat or fish or for puddings; as, mint sauce; sweet sauce, etc. "Poignant sauce." Chaucer.

High sauces and rich spices fetched from the Indies. Sir S. Baker.

2. Any garden vegetables eaten with meat. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] Forby. Bartlett.

Roots, herbs, vine fruits, and salad flowers . . . they dish up various ways, and find them very delicious sauce to their meats, both roasted and boiled, fresh and salt. Beverly.

3. Stewed or preserved fruit eaten with other food as a relish; as, apple sauce, cranberry sauce, etc. [U.S.] "Stewed apple sauce." Mrs. Lincoln (Cook Book).

4. Sauciness; impertinence. [Low.] Haliwell. To serve one the same sauce, to retaliate in the same kind. [Vulgar]


Page 1279

Sauce

Sauce (?), v. t. [Cf. F. saucer.] [imp. & p. p. Sauced (; p. pr. & vb. n. Saucing (.]

1. To accompany with something intended to give a higher relish; to supply with appetizing condiments; to season; to flavor.

2. To cause to relish anything, as if with a sauce; to tickle or gratify, as the palate; to please; to stimulate; hence, to cover, mingle, or dress, as if with sauce; to make an application to. [R.]

Earth, yield me roots; Who seeks for better of thee, sauce his palate With thy most operant poison! Shak.

3. To make poignant; to give zest, flavor or interest to; to set off; to vary and render attractive.

Then fell she to sauce her desires with threatenings. Sir P. Sidney.

4. To treat with bitter, pert, or tart language; to be impudent or sancy to. [Colloq. or Low]

I'll sauce her with bitter words. Shak.

Sauce

Sauce (?), n. [F.] (Fine Art) A soft crayon for use in stump drawing or in shading with the stump.

Sauce-alone

Sauce"-a*lone` (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) Jack-by-the-hedge. See under Jack.

Saucebox

Sauce"box` (?), n. [See Sauce, and Saucy.] A saucy, impudent person; especially, a pert child.
Saucebox, go, meddle with your lady's fan, And prate not here! A. Brewer.

Saucepan

Sauce"pan` (?), n. A small pan with a handle, in which sauce is prepared over a fire; a stewpan.

Saucer

Sau"cer (?), n. [F. sauci\'8are, from sauce. see Sauce.]

1. A small pan or vessel in which sauce was set on a table. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. A small dish, commonly deeper than a plate, in which a cup is set at table.

3. Something resembling a saucer in shape. Specifically: (a) A flat, shallow caisson for raising sunken ships. (b) A shallow socket for the pivot of a capstan. <-- Flying saucer, a type of Unidentified Flying Object, having a biconvex discoid shape; such objects are occasionally reported to have been sighted, but no example of one has been reliably shown to exist. They are believed by ufologists to originate in outer space, but they are generally presumed to be misinterpretations of ordinary phenomena, illusions or imaginary objects. Fraudulent photographs purporting to show flying saucers are published from time to time. -->

Saucily

Sau"ci*ly (?), adv. In a saucy manner; impudently; with impertinent boldness. Addison.

Sauciness

Sau"ci*ness, n. The quality or state of being saucy; that which is saucy; impertinent boldness; contempt of superiors; impudence.
Your sauciness will jest upon my love. Shak.
Syn. -- Impudence; impertinence; rudeness; insolence. see Impudence.

Saucisson, Saucisse

Sau`cis`son" (?), Sau`cisse" (?), n. [F., fr. saucisse sausage. See Sausage.]

1. (Mining or Gun.) A long and slender pipe or bag, made of cloth well pitched, or of leather, filled with powder, and used to communicate fire to mines, caissons, bomb chests, etc.

2. (Fort.) A fascine of more than ordinary length.

Saucy

Sau"cy (?), a. [Compar. Saucier (?); superl. Sauciest.] [From Sauce.]

1. Showing impertinent boldness or pertness; transgressing the rules of decorum; treating superiors with contempt; impudent; insolent; as, a saucy fellow.

Am I not protector, saucy priest? Shak.

2. Expressive of, or characterized by, impudence; impertinent; as, a saucy eye; saucy looks.

We then have done you bold and sausy wrongs. Shak.
Syn. -- Impudent; insolent; impertinent; rude.

Sauerkraut

Sauer"kraut` (?), n. [G., fr. sauer sour + kraut herb, cabbage.] Cabbage cut fine and allowed to ferment in a brine made of its own juice with salt, -- a German dish.

Sauf

Sauf (?), a. Safe. [Obs.] haucer.

Sauf

Sauf, conj. & prep. Save; except. [Obs.] "Sauf I myself." Chaucer.

Saufly

Sauf"ly, adv. Safely. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sauger

Sau"ger (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An American fresh-water food fish (Stizostedion Canadense); -- called also gray pike, blue pike, hornfish, land pike, sand pike, pickering, and pickerel.

Saugh, Sauh

Saugh, Sauh (?), obs. imp. sing. of See. Chaucer.

Sauks

Sauks (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) Same as Sacs.

Saul

Saul (?), n. Soul. [Obs.]

Saul

Saul, n. Same as Sal, the tree.

Saule

Sau"le (?), n. A hired mourner at a funeral. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Sault

Sault (?), n. [OF., F. saut, fr. L. saltus See Salt a leap.] A rapid in some rivers; as, the Sault Ste. Marie. [U.S.] Bartlett.

Saunders

Saun"ders (?), n. See Sandress.

Saunders-blue

Saun"ders-blue` (?), n. [Corrupted fr. F. cendres bleues blue ashes.] A kind of color prepared from calcined lapis lazuli; ultramarine; also, a blue prepared from carbonate of copper. [Written also sanders-blue.]

Saunter

Saun"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sauntered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sauntering.] [Written also santer.] [Probably fr. F. s'aventurer to adventure (one's self), through a shortened form s'auntrer. See Adventure, n. & v.] To wander or walk about idly and in a leisurely or lazy manner; to lounge; to stroll; to loiter.
One could lie under elm trees in a lawn, or saunter in meadows by the side of a stream. Masson.
Syn. -- To loiter; linger; stroll; wander.

Saunter

Saun"ter, n. A sauntering, or a sauntering place.
That wheel of fops, that saunter of the town. Young.

Saunterer

Saun"ter*er (?), n. One who saunters.

Saur

Saur (?), n. [Contracted from Gael. salachar filth, nastiness, fr. salach nasty, fr. sal filth, refuse.] Soil; dirt; dirty water; urine from a cowhouse. [Prov. Eng.]

Saurel

Sau"rel (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any carangoid fish of the genus Trachurus, especially T. trachurus, or T. saurus, of Europe and America, and T. picturatus of California. Called also skipjack, and horse mackarel.

Sauria

Sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Reptilia formerly established to include the Lacertilia, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, and other groups. By some writers the name is restricted to the Lacertilia.

Saurian

Sau"ri*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, the Sauria. -- n. One of the Sauria.

Saurioid

Sau"ri*oid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sauroid.

Saurobatrachia

Sau"ro*ba*tra"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Sauria, and Batrachia.] (Zo\'94l.) The Urodela.

Saurognathous

Sau*rog"na*thous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the bones of the palate arranged as in saurians, the vomer consisting of two lateral halves, as in the woodpeckers. (Pici).

Sauroid

Sau"roid (?), a. [Gr. -oid: cf. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Like or pertaining to the saurians. (b) Resembling a saurian superficially; as, a sauroid fish.

Sauroidichnite

Sau`roid*ich"nite (?), n. [See Sauroid, and Ichnite.] (Paleon.) The fossil track of a saurian.

Sauropoda

Sau*rop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Paleon.) An extinct order of herbivorous dinosaurs having the feet of a saurian type, instead of birdlike, as they are in many dinosaurs. It includes the Largest Known land animals, belonging to Brontosaurus, Camarasaurus, and alied genera. See Illustration in Appendix.

Sauropsida

Sau*rop"si*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A comprehensive group of vertebrates, comprising the reptiles and birds.

Sauropterygia

Sau*rop`te*ryg"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) Same as Plesiosauria.

Saurur\'91

Sau*ru"r\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct order of birds having a long vertebrated tail with quills along each side of it. Arch\'91opteryx is the type. See Arch\'91opteryx, and Odontornithes.

Saury

Sau"ry (?), n.; pl. Sauries (#). [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) A slender marine fish (Scombresox saurus) of Europe and America. It has long, thin, beaklike jaws. Called also billfish, gowdnook, gawnook, skipper, skipjack, skopster, lizard fish, and Egypt herring.

Sausage

Sau"sage (?; 48), n. [F. saucisse, LL. salcitia, salcicia, fr. salsa. See Sauce.]

1. An article of food consisting of meat (esp. pork) minced and highly seasoned, and inclosed in a cylindrical case or skin usually made of the prepared intestine of some animal.

2. A saucisson. See Saucisson. Wilhelm.

Sauseflem

Sau"se*flem (?), a. [OF. saus salt (L. salsus) + flemme phlegm.] Having a red, pimpled face. [Obs.] [Written also sawceflem.] Chaucer.

Saussurite

Saus"sur*ite (?), n. [F. So called from M. Saussure.] (Min.) A tough, compact mineral, of a white, greenish, or grayish color. It is near zoisite in composition, and in part, at least, has been produced by the alteration of feldspar.

Saut, Saute

Saut, Saute (?), n. An assault. [Obs.]

Saute

Sau`te" (?), p. p. of Sauter. C. Owen.

Sauter

Sau`ter" (?), v. t. [F., properly, to jump.] To fry lightly and quickly, as meat, by turning ot tossing it over frequently in a hot pan greased with a little fat.

Sauter

Sau"ter (?), n. Psalter. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Sauterelle

Sau`te*relle (?), n. [F.] An instrument used by masons and others to trace and form angles.

Sauterne

Sau`terne" (?), n. [F.] A white wine made in the district of sauterne, France.

Sautrie

Sau"trie (?), n. Psaltery. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sauvegarde

Sau`ve*garde" (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The monitor.

Savable

Sav"a*ble (?), a. [From Save. Cf. Salvable.] capable of, or admitting of, being saved.
In the person prayed for there ought to be the great disposition of being in a savable condition. Jer. Taylor.

Savableness

Sav"a*ble*ness, n. Capability of being saved.

Savacioun

Sa*va"ci*oun` (?), n. Salvation. [Obs.]

Savage

Sav"age (?; 48), a. [F. sauvage, OF. salvage, fr. L. silvaticus belonging to a wood, wild, fr. silva a wood. See Silvan, and cf. Sylvatic.]

1. Of or pertaining to the forest; remote from human abodes and cultivation; in a state of nature; nature; wild; as, a savage wilderness.

2. Wild; untamed; uncultivated; as, savage beasts.

Cornels, and savage berries of the wood. Dryden.

3. Uncivilized; untaught; unpolished; rude; as, savage life; savage manners.

What nation, since the commencement of the Christian era, ever rose from savage to civilized without Christianity? E. D. Griffin.

4. Characterized by cruelty; barbarous; fierce; ferocious; inhuman; brutal; as, a savage spirit. Syn. -- Ferocious; wild; uncultivated; untamed; untaught; uncivilized; unpolished; rude; brutish; brutal; heathenish; barbarous; cruel; inhuman; fierce; pitiless; merciless; unmerciful; atrocious. See Ferocious.

Savage

Sav"age, n.

1. A human being in his native state of rudeness; one who is untaught; uncivilized, or without cultivation of mind or manners.

2. A man of extreme, unfeeling, brutal cruelty; a barbarian.

Savage

Sav"age (?; 48), v. t. To make savage. [R.]
Its bloodhounds, savaged by a cross of wolf. South

Savagely

Sav"age*ly, adv. In a savage manner.

Savageness

Sav"age*ness, n. The state or quality of being savage.
Wolves and bears, they say, Casting their savageness aside have done Like offices of pity. Shak.

Savagery

Sav"age*ry (?; 277), n. [F. sauvagerie.]

1. The state of being savage; savageness; savagism.

A like work of primeval savagery. C. Kingsley.

2. An act of cruelty; barbarity.

The wildest savagery, the vilest stroke, That ever wall-eyed wrath or staring rage Presented to the tears of soft remorse. Shak.

3. Wild growth, as of plants. Shak.

Savagism

Sav"a*gism (?), n. The state of being savage; the state of rude, uncivilized men, or of men in their native wildness and rudeness.

Savanilla

Sav`a*nil"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The tarpum. [Local, U.S.]

Savanna

Sa*van"na (?), n. [Of American Indian origin; cf. Sp. sabana, F. savane.] A tract of level land covered with the vegetable growth usually found in a damp soil and warm climate, -- as grass or reeds, -- but destitute of trees. [Spelt also savannah.]
Savannahs are clear pieces land without woods. Dampier.
Savanna flower (Bot.), a West Indian name for several climbing apocyneous plants of the genus Echites. -- Savanna sparrow (Zo\'94l.), an American sparrow (Ammodramus sandwichensis or Passerculus savanna) of which several varieties are found on grassy plains from Alaska to the Eastern United States. -- Savanna wattle (Bot.), a name of two West Indian trees of the genus Citharexylum.

Savant

Sa`vant" (?), n.; pl. Savants (F. . [F., fr. savoir to know, L. sapere. See Sage, a.] A man of learning; one versed in literature or science; a person eminent for acquirements.

Save

Save (?), n. [See Sage the herb.] The herb sage, or salvia. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Save

Save (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saving.] [OE. saven, sauven, salven, OF. salver, sauver, F. sauver, L. salvare, fr. salvus saved, safe. See Safe, a.]

1. To make safe; to procure the safety of; to preserve from injury, destruction, or evil of any kind; to rescue from impending danger; as, to save a house from the flames.

God save all this fair company. Chaucer.
He cried, saying, Lord, save me. Matt. xiv. 30.
Thou hast . . . quitted all to save A world from utter loss. Milton.

2. (Theol.) Specifically, to deliver from and its penalty; to rescue from a state of condemnation and spiritual death, and bring into a state of spiritual life.

Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners. 1 Tim. i. 15.

3. To keep from being spent or lost; to secure from waste or expenditure; to lay up; to reserve.

Now save a nation, and now save a groat. Pope.

4. To rescue from something undesirable or hurtful; to prevent from doing something; to spare.

I'll save you That labor, sir. All's now done. Shak.

5. To hinder from doing, suffering, or happening; to obviate the necessity of; to prevent; to spare.

Will you not speak to save a lady's blush? Dryden.

6. To hold possession or use of; to escape loss of.

Just saving the tide, and putting in a stock of merit. Swift.
To save appearance, to preserve a decent outside; to avoid exposure of a discreditable state of things. Syn. -- To preserve; rescue; deliver; protect; spare; reserve; prevent.

Save

Save, v. i. To avoid unnecessary expense or expenditure; to prevent waste; to be economical.
Brass ordnance saveth in the quantity of the material. Bacon.

Save

Save, prep. ∨ conj. [F. sauf, properly adj., safe. See Safe, a.] Except; excepting; not including; leaving out; deducting; reserving; saving.
Five times received I forty stripes save one. 2 Cor. xi. 24.
Syn. -- See Except.

Save

Save, conj. Except; unless.

Saveable

Save"a*ble (?), a. See Savable.

Save-all

Save"-all` (?), n. [Save + all.] Anything which saves fragments, or prevents waste or loss. Specifically: (a) A device in a candlestick to hold the ends of candles, so that they be burned. (b) (Naut.) A small sail sometimes set under the foot of another sail, to catch the wind that would pass under it. Totten. (c) A trough to prevent waste in a paper-making machine.

Saveloy

Sav"e*loy (?), n. [F. cervelas, It. cervellata, fr. cervello brain, L. cerebellum, dim. of cerebrum brain. See Cerebral.] A kind of dried sausage. McElrath.

Savely

Save"ly (?), adv. Safely. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Savement

Save"ment (?), n. The act of saving. [Obs.]

Saver

Sav"er (?), n. One who saves.

Savin, Savine

Sav"in, Sav"ine (?), n. [OE. saveine, AS. safin\'91, savine, L. sabina herba. Cf. Sabine.] [Written also sabine.] (Bot.) (a) A coniferous shrub (Juniperus Sabina) of Western Asia, occasionally found also in the northern parts of the United States and in British America. It is a compact bush, with dark-colored foliage, and produces small berries having a glaucous bloom. Its bitter, acrid tops are sometimes used in medicine for gout, amenorrh\'d2a, etc. (b) The North American red cedar (Juniperus Virginiana.)

Saving

Sav"ing (?), a. 1. Preserving; rescuing.
He is the saving strength of his anointed. Ps. xxviii. 8.

2. Avoiding unnecessary expense or waste; frugal; not lavish or wasteful; economical; as, a saving cook.

3. Bringing back in returns or in receipts the sum expended; incurring no loss, though not gainful; as, a saving bargain; the ship has made a saving voyage.

4. Making reservation or exception; as, a saving clause. &hand; saving is often used with a noun to form a compound adjective; as, labor-saving, life-saving, etc.


Page 1280

Saving

Sav"ing (?), prep. ∨ conj.; but properly a participle. With the exception of; except; excepting; also, without disrespect to. "Saving your reverence." Shak. "Saving your presence." Burns.
None of us put off clothes, saving that every one put them off for washing. Neh. iv. 23.
And in the stone a new name written, which no man knoweth saving he that receiveth it. Rev. ii. 17.

Saving

Sav"ing, n.

1. Something kept from being expended or lost; that which is saved or laid up; as, the savings of years of economy.

2. Exception; reservation.

Contend not with those that are too strong for us, but still with a saving to honesty. L'Estrange.
Savings bank, a bank in which savings or earnings are deposited and put at interest.

Savingly

Sav"ing*ly, adv.

1. In a saving manner; with frugality or parsimony.

2. So as to be finally saved from eternal death.

Savingly born of water and the Spirit. Waterland.

Savingness

Sav"ing*ness, n.

1. The quality of being saving; carefulness not to expend money uselessly; frugality; parsimony. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.

2. Tendency to promote salvation. Johnson.

Savior

Sav"ior (?), n. [OE. saveour, OF. salveor, F. sauveur, fr. L. salvator to save. See Save, v.] [Written also saviour.]

1. One who saves, preserves, or delivers from destruction or danger.

2. Specifically: The (or our, your, etc.) Savior, he who brings salvation to men; Jesus Christ, the Redeemer.

Savioress

Sav"ior*ess, n. A female savior. [Written also saviouress.] [R.] Bp. Hall.

Savor

Sa"vor (?), n. [OE. savour, savor, savur, OF. savor, savour, F. saveur, fr. L. sapor, fr. sapere to taste, savor. See Sage, a., and cf. Sapid, Insipid, Sapor.] [Written also savour.]

1. That property of a thing which affects the organs of taste or smell; taste and odor; flavor; relish; scent; as, the savor of an orange or a rose; an ill savor.

I smell sweet savors and I feel soft things. Shak.

2. Hence, specific flavor or quality; characteristic property; distinctive temper, tinge, taint, and the like.

Why is not my life a continual joy, and the savor of heaven perpetually upon my spirit? Baxter.

3. Sense of smell; power to scent, or trace by scent. [R.] "Beyond my savor." Herbert.

4. Pleasure; delight; attractiveness. [Obs.]

She shall no savor have therein but lite. Chaucer.
Syn. -- Taste; flavor; relish; odor; scent; smell.

Savor

Sa"vor, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Savored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Savoring.] [Cf. OF. savorer, F. savourer. See Savor, n.] [Written also savour.]

1. To have a particular smell or taste; -- with of.

2. To partake of the quality or nature; to indicate the presence or influence; to smack; -- with of.

This savors not much of distraction. Shak.
I have rejected everything that savors of party. Addison.

3. To use the sense of taste. [Obs.]

By sight, hearing, smelling, tasting or savoring, and feeling. Chaucer.

Savor

Sa"vor, v. t.

1. To perceive by the smell or the taste; hence, to perceive; to note. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. To have the flavor or quality of; to indicate the presence of. [R.]

That cuts us off from hope, and savors only Rancor and pride, impatience and despite. Milton.

3. To taste or smell with pleasure; to delight in; to relish; to like; to favor. [R.] Shak.

Savorily

Sa"vor*i*ly (?), adv. In a savory manner.

Savoriness

Sa"vor*i*ness, n. The quality of being savory.

Savorless

Sa"vor*less, a. Having no savor; destitute of smell or of taste; insipid.

Savorly

Sa"vor*ly, a. Savory. [Obs.]

Savorly

Sa"vor*ly, adv. In a savory manner. [Obs.] Barrow.

Savorous

Sa"vor*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. savoureux, OF. saveros, L. saporosus. Cf. Saporous, and see Savor, n.] Having a savor; savory. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Savory

Sa"vor*y (?), a. [From Savor.] Pleasing to the organs of taste or smell. [Written also savoury.]
The chewing flocks Had ta'en their supper on the savory herb. Milton.

Savorry

Sa"vor*ry (?), n. [F. savor\'82e; cf. It. santoreggia, satureja, L. satureia,] (Bot.) An aromatic labiate plant (Satireia hortensis), much used in cooking; -- also called summer savory. [Written also savoury.]

Savoy

Sa*voy" (?), n. [F. chou de Savoie cabbage of Savoy.] (Bot.) A variety of the common cabbage (Brassica oleracea major), having curled leaves, -- much cultivated for winter use.

Savoyard

Sav`oy*ard" (?), n. [F.] A native or inhabitant of Savoy.

Saw

Saw (?), imp. of See.

Saw

Saw, n. [OE. sawe, AS. sagu; akin to secgan to say. See Say, v. t. and cf. Saga.]

1. Something said; speech; discourse. [Obs.] "To hearken all his sawe." Chaucer.

2. A saying; a proverb; a maxim.

His champions are the prophets and apostles, His weapons holy saws of sacred writ. Shak.

3. Dictate; command; decree. [Obs.]

[Love] rules the creatures by his powerful saw. Spenser.

Saw

Saw, n. [OE. sawe, AS. sage; akin to D. zaag, G. s\'84ge, OHG. sega, saga, Dan. sav, sw. s\'86g, Icel. s\'94g, L. secare to cut, securis ax, secula sickle. Cf. Scythe, Sickle, Section, Sedge.] An instrument for cutting or dividing substances, as wood, iron, etc., consisting of a thin blade, or plate, of steel, with a series of sharp teeth on the edge, which remove successive portions of the material by cutting and tearing. &hand; Saw is frequently used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound. Band saw, Crosscut saw, etc. See under Band, Crosscut, etc. -- Circular saw, a disk of steel with saw teeth upon its periphery, and revolved on an arbor. -- Saw bench, a bench or table with a flat top for for sawing, especially with a circular saw which projects above the table. -- Saw file, a three-cornered file, such as is used for sharpening saw teeth. -- Saw frame, the frame or sash in a sawmill, in which the saw, or gang of saws, is held. -- Saw gate, a saw frame. -- Saw gin, the form of cotton gin invented by Eli Whitney, in which the cotton fibers are drawn, by the teeth, of a set of revolving circular saws, through a wire grating which is too fine for the seeds to pass. -- Saw grass (Bot.), any one of certain cyperaceous plants having the edges of the leaves set with minute sharp teeth, especially the Cladium effusum of the Southern United States. Cf. Razor grass, under Razor. -- Saw log, a log of suitable size for sawing into lumber. -- Saw mandrel, a mandrel on which a circular saw is fastened for running. -- Saw pit, a pit over which timbor is sawed by two men, one standing below the timber and the other above. Mortimer. -- Saw sharpener (Zo\'94l.), the great titmouse; -- so named from its harsh call note. [Prov. Eng.] -- Saw whetter (Zo\'94l.), the marsh titmouse (Parus palustris); -- so named from its call note. [Prov. Eng.] -- Scroll saw, a ribbon of steel with saw teeth upon one edge, stretched in a frame and adapted for sawing curved outlines; also, a machine in which such a saw is worked by foot or power.

Saw

Saw (?), v. t. [imp. Sawed (?); p. p. SawedSawn (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sawing.]

1. To cut with a saw; to separate with a saw; as, to saw timber or marble.

2. To form by cutting with a saw; as, to saw boards or planks, that is, to saw logs or timber into boards or planks; to saw shingles; to saw out a panel.

3. Also used figuratively; as, to saw the air.

Saw

Saw, v. i.

1. To use a saw; to practice sawing; as, a man saws well.

2. To cut, as a saw; as, the saw or mill saws fast.

3. To be cut with a saw; as, the timber saws smoothly.

Sawarra nut

Sa*war"ra nut` (?). See Souari nut.

Sawbelly

Saw"bel`ly (?), n. The alewife. [Local, U.S.]

Sawbill

Saw"bill` (?), n. The merganser. [Prov. Eng.]

Sawbones

Saw"bones` (?), n. A nickname for a surgeon.

Sawbuck

Saw"buck` (?), n. A sawhorse. <-- 2. A ten-dollar bill [Colloq., from the Roman X for ten]. double sawbuck, a twenty-dollar bill -->

SAwceflem

SAw"ce*flem (?), a. See Sauseflem. [Obs.]

Sawder

Saw"der (?), n. A corrupt spelling and pronunciation of solder. Soft sawder, seductive praise; flattery; blarney. [Slang]

Sawdust

Saw"dust` (?), n. Dust or small fragments of wood 9or of stone, etc.) made by the cutting of a saw.

Sawfish

Saw"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of elasmobranch fishes of the genus Pristis. They have a sharklike form, but are more nearly allied to the rays. The flattened and much elongated snout has a row of stout toothlike structures inserted along each edge, forming a sawlike organ with which it mutilates or kills its prey.

Sawfly

Saw"fly` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the family Tenthredinid\'91. The female usually has an ovipositor containing a pair of sawlike organs with which she makes incisions in the leaves or stems of plants in which to lay the eggs. The larv\'91 resemble those of Lepidoptera.

Sawhorse

Saw"horse` (?), n. A kind of rack, shaped like a double St. Andrew's cross, on which sticks of wood are laid for sawing by hand; -- called also buck, and sawbuck.

Sawmill

Saw"mill` (?), n. A mill for sawing, especially one for sawing timber or lumber.

Sawneb

Saw"neb` (?), n. A merganser. [Prov. Eng.]

Saw palmetto

Saw" pal*met"to. See under Palmetto.

Saw-set

Saw"-set` (?), n. An instrument used to set or turn the teeth of a saw a little sidewise, that they may make a kerf somewhat wider than the thickness of the blade, to prevent friction; -- called also saw-wrest.

Sawtooth

Saw"tooth` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An arctic seal (Lobodon carcinophaga), having the molars serrated; -- called also crabeating seal.

Saw-toothed

Saw"-toothed" (?), a. Having a tooth or teeth like those of a saw; serrate.

Sawtry

Saw"try (?), n. A psaltery. [Obs.] Dryden.

saw-whet

saw"-whet` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small North American owl (Nyctale Acadica), destitute of ear tufts and having feathered toes; -- called also Acadian owl.

Saw-wort

Saw"-wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the composite genus Serratula; -- so named from the serrated leaves of most of the species.

Saw-wrest

Saw"-wrest` (?), n. See Saw-set.

Sawyer

Saw"yer (?), n. [Saw + -yer, as in lawyer. Cf. Sawer.]

1. One whose occupation is to saw timber into planks or boards, or to saw wood for fuel; a sawer.

2. A tree which has fallen into a stream so that its branches project above the surface, rising and falling with a rocking or swaying motion in the current. [U.S.]

3. (Zo\'94l.) The bowfin. [Local, U.S.]

Sax

Sax (?), n. [AS. seax a knife.] A kind of chopping instrument for trimming the edges of roofing slates.

Saxatile

Sax"a*tile (?), a. [L. saxatilis, fr. saxum a rock: cf. F. saxalite.] Of or pertaining to rocks; living among rocks; as, a saxatile plant.

Saxhorn

Sax"horn` (?), n. (Mus.) A name given to a numerous family of brass wind instruments with valves, invented by Antoine Joseph Sax (known as Adolphe Sax), of Belgium and Paris, and much used in military bands and in orchestras.

Saxicava

Sax`i*ca"va (?), n.; pl. E. saxicavas (#), L. Saxicav\'91 (#). [NL. See Saxicavous.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of marine bivalve shells of the genus Saxicava. Some of the species are noted for their power of boring holes in limestone and similar rocks.

Saxicavid

Sax`i*ca"vid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the saxicavas. -- n. A saxicava.

Saxicavous

Sax`i*ca"vous (?), a. [L. saxum rock + cavare to make hollow, fr. cavus hollow: cf. F. saxicave.] (Zo\'94l.) Boring, or hollowing out, rocks; -- said of certain mollusks which live in holes which they burrow in rocks. See Illust. of Lithodomus.

Saxicoline

Sax*ic"o*line (?), a. [L. saxum a rock + colere to inhabit.] (Zo\'94l.) Stone-inhabiting; pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, the stonechats.

Saxicolous

Sax*ic"o*lous (?), a. [See Saxicoline.] (Bot.) Growing on rocks.

Saxifraga

Sax*if"ra*ga (?), n. [L., saxifrage. See Saxifrage.] (Bot.) A genus of exogenous polypetalous plants, embracing about one hundred and eighty species. See Saxifrage.

Saxifragaceous

Sax`i*fra*ga"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Saxifragace\'91) of which saxifrage is the type. The order includes also the alum root, the hydrangeas, the mock orange, currants and gooseberries, and many other plants.

Saxifragant

Sax*if"ra*gant (?), a. [See Saxifrage.] Breaking or destroying stones; saxifragous. [R.] -- n. That which breaks or destroys stones. [R.]

Saxifrage

Sax"i*frage (?; 48), n. [L. saxifraga, from saxifragus stone-breaking; saxum rock + frangere to break: cf. F. saxifrage. See Fracture, and cf. Sassafras, Saxon.] (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Saxifraga, mostly perennial herbs growing in crevices of rocks in mountainous regions. Burnet saxifrage, a European umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella Saxifraga). -- Golden saxifrage, a low half-sacculent herb (Chrysosplenium oppositifolium) growing in rivulets in Europe; also, C. Americanum, common in the United States. See also under Golden. -- Meadow saxifrage, or Pepper saxifrage. See under Meadow.

Saxifragous

Sax*if"ra*gous (?), a. [L. saxifragus: cf. F. saxifrage. See Saxifrage.] Dissolving stone, especially dissolving stone in the bladder.

Saxon

Sax"on (?), n. [l. Saxo, pl. Saxones, from the Saxon national name; cf. AS. pl. Seaxe, Seaxan, fr. seax a knife, a short sword, a dagger (akin to OHG. sahs, and perhaps to L. saxum rock, stone, knives being originally made of stone); and cf. G. Sachse, pl. Sachsen. Cf. Saxifrage.]

1. (a) One of a nation or people who formerly dwelt in the nothern part of Germany, and who, with other Teutonic tribes, invaded and conquered England in the fifth and sixth centuries. (b) Also used in the sense of Anglo-Saxon. (c) A native or inhabitant of modern Saxony.

2. The language of the Saxons; Anglo-Saxon. old Saxon, the saxon of the continent of Europe in the old form of the language, as shown particularly in the "Heliand", a metrical narration of the gospel history preserved in manuscripts of the 9th century.

Saxon

Sax"on, a. Of or pertaining to the Saxons, their country, or their language. (b) Anglo-Saxon. (c) Of or pertaining to Saxony or its inhabitants. Saxon blue (Dyeing), a deep blue liquid used in dyeing, and obtained by dissolving indigo in concentrated sulphuric acid. Brande & C. -- Saxon green (Dyeing), a green color produced by dyeing with yellow upon a ground of Saxon blue.

Saxonic

Sax*on"ic (?), a. relating to the saxons or Anglo-Saxons.

Saxonism

Sax"on*ism (?), n. An idiom of the Saxon or Anglo-Saxon language. T. Warton.

Saxonist

Sax"on*ist, n. One versed in the Saxon language.

Saxonite

Sax"on*ite (?), n. (Min.) See Mountain soap, under Mountain.

Saxophone

Sax"o*phone (?), n. [A.A.J. Sax, the inventor (see Saxhorn) + Gr. (Mus.) A wind instrument of brass, containing a reed, and partaking of the qualities both of a brass instrument and of a clarinet.

Sax-tuba

Sax"-tu`ba (?), n. [See Saxhorn, and Tube.] (Mus.) A powerful instrument of brass, curved somewhat like the Roman buccina, or tuba.
Page 1281

Say

Say (?), obs. imp. of See. Saw. Chaucer.

Say

Say (?), n. [Aphetic form of assay.]

1. Trial by sample; assay; sample; specimen; smack. [Obs.]

if those principal works of God . . . be but certain tastes and saus, as if were, of that final benefit. Hooker.
Thy tongue some say of breeding breathes. Shak.

2. Tried quality; temper; proof. [Obs.]

he found a sword of better say. Spenser.

3. Essay; trial; attempt. [Obs.] To give a say at, to attempt. B. Jonson.

Say

Say, v. t. To try; to assay. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Say

Say, n. [OE. saie, F. saie, fr. L. saga, equiv. to sagum, sagus, a coarse woolen mantle; cf. Gr. Sagum.]

1. A kind of silk or satin. [Obs.]

Thou say, thou serge, nay, thou buckram lord! Shak.

2. A delicate kind of serge, or woolen cloth. [Obs.]

His garment neither was of silk nor say. Spenser.

Say

Say, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Said (?), contracted from sayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Saying.] [OE. seggen, seyen, siggen, sayen, sayn, AS. secgan; akin to OS. seggian, D. zeggen, LG. seggen, OHG. sag, G. sagen, Icel. segja, Sw. s\'84ga, Dan. sige, Lith. sakyti; cf. OL. insece teil, relate, Gr. Saga, Saw a saying.]

1. To utter or express in words; to tell; to speak; to declare; as, he said many wise things.

Arise, and say how thou camest here. Shak.

2. To repeat; to rehearse; to recite; to pronounce; as, to say a lesson.

Of my instruction hast thou nothing bated In what thou hadst to say? Shak.
After which shall be said or sung the following hymn. Bk. of Com. Prayer.

3. To announce as a decision or opinion; to state positively; to assert; hence, to form an opinion upon; to be sure about; to be determined in mind as to.

But what it is, hard is to say. Milton.

4. To mention or suggest as an estimate, hypothesis, or approximation; hence, to suppose; -- in the imperative, followed sometimes by the subjunctive; as, he had, say fifty thousand dollars; the fox had run, say ten miles.

Say, for nonpayment that the debt should double, Is twenty hundred kisses such a trouble? Shak.
It is said, ∨ They say, it is commonly reported; it is rumored; people assert or maintain. -- That is to say, that is; in other words; otherwise.

Say

Say, v. i. To speak; to express an opinion; to make answer; to reply.
You have said; but whether wisely or no, let the forest judge. Shak.
To this argument we shall soon have said; for what concerns it us to hear a husband divulge his household privacies? Milton.

Say

Say, n. [From Say, v. t.; cf. Saw a saying.] A speech; something said; an expression of opinion; a current story; a maxim or proverb. [Archaic or Colloq.]
He no sooner said out his say, but up rises a cunning snap. L'Estrange.
That strange palmer's boding say, That fell so ominous and drear Full on the object of his fear. Sir W. Scott.

Sayer

Say"er (?), n. One who says; an utterer.
Mr. Curran was something much better than a sayer of smart sayings. Jeffrey.

Sayette

Sa*yette" (?), n. [F. Cf. Say a kind of serge.] A mixed stuff, called also sagathy. See Sagathy.

Saying

Say"ing (?), n. That which is said; a declaration; a statement, especially a proverbial one; an aphorism; a proverb.
Many are the sayings of the wise, In ancient and in modern books enrolled. Milton.
Syn. -- Declaration; speech; adage; maxim; aphorism; apothegm; saw; proverb; byword.

Sayman

Say"man (?), n. [Say sample + man.] One who assays. [Obs.]

Saymaster

Say"mas`ter (?), n. A master of assay; one who tries or proves. [Obs.] "Great saymaster of state." D. Jonson.

Saynd

Saynd (?), obs. p. p. of Senge, to singe. Chaucer.

'Sblood

'Sblood (?), interj. An abbreviation of God's blood; -- used as an oath. [Obs.] Shak.

Scab

Scab (?), n. [OE. scab, scabbe, shabbe; cf. AS. sc\'91b, sceabb, scebb, Dan. & Sw. skab, and also L. scabies, tr. scabere to scratch, akin to E. shave. See Shave, and cf. Shab, Shabby.]

1. An incrustation over a sore, wound, vesicle, or pustule, formed by the drying up of the discharge from the diseased part.

2. The itch in man; also, the scurvy. [Colloq. or Obs.]

3. The mange, esp. when it appears on sheep. Chaucer.

4. A disease of potatoes producing pits in their surface, caused by a minute fungus (Tiburcinia Scabies).

5. (Founding) A slight iregular protuberance which defaces the surface of a casting, caused by the breaking away of a part of the mold.

6. A mean, dirty, paltry fellow. [Low] Shak.

7. A nickname for a workman who engages for lower wages than are fixed by the trades unions; also, for one who takes the place of a workman on a strike. [Cant]

Scab

Scab, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scabbing.] To become covered with a scab; as, the wound scabbed over. <-- 2. To take the place of a striking worker. -->

Scabbard

Scab"bard (?), n. [OE. scaubert, scauberk, OF. escaubers, escauberz, pl., scabbards, probably of German or Scan. origin; cf. Icel. sk\'belpr scabbard, and G. bergen to conceal. Cf. Hauberk.] The case in which the blade of a sword, dagger, etc., is kept; a sheath.
Nor in thy scabbard sheathe that famous blade. Fairfax.
Scabbard fish (Zo\'94l.), a long, compressed, silver-colored t\'91nioid fish (Lepidopus caudatus, ∨ argyreus), found on the European coasts, and more abundantly about New Zealand, where it is called frostfish and considered an excellent food fish.

Scabbard

Scab"bard (?), v. t. To put in a scabbard.

Scabbard plane

Scab"bard plane` (?). See Scaleboard plane, under Scaleboard.

Scabbed

Scab"bed (? ∨ ?), a.

1. Abounding with scabs; diseased with scabs.

2. Fig.: Mean; paltry; vile; worthless. Bacon.

Scabbedness

Scab"bed*ness (?), n. Scabbiness.

Scabbily

Scab"bi*ly (?), adv. In a scabby manner.

Scabbiness

Scab"bi*ness, n. The quality or state of being scabby.

Scabble

Scab"ble (?), v. t. See Scapple.

Scabby

Scab"by (?), a. [Compar. Scabbier (; superl. Scabbiest.]

1. Affected with scabs; full of scabs.

2. Diseased with the scab, or mange; mangy. Swift.

Scabies

Sca"bi*es (?), n. (Med.) The itch.

Scabious

Sca"bi*ous (?), a. [L. scabious, from scabies the scab: cf. F. scabieux.] Consisting of scabs; rough; itchy; leprous; as, scabious eruptions. Arbuthnot.

Scabious

Sca"bi*ous, n. [Cf. F. scabieuse. See Scabious, a.] (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Scabiosa, several of the species of which are common in Europe. They resemble the Composit\'91, and have similar heads of flowers, but the anthers are not connected. Sweet scabious (a) Mourning bride. (b) A daisylike plant (Erigeron annuus) having a stout branching stem.

Scabling

Scab"ling (?), n. [See Scapple.] A fragment or chip of stone. [Written also scabline.]

Scabredity

Sca*bred"i*ty (?), n. [L. scabredo, fr. scaber rough.] Roughness; ruggedness. [Obs.] Burton.

Scabrous

Sca"brous (?), a. [L. scabrosus, fr. scaber rough: cf. F. scabreux.]

1. Rough to the touch, like a file; having small raised dots, scales, or points; scabby; scurfy; scaly. Arbuthnot.

2. Fig.: Harsh; unmusical. [R.]

His verse is scabrous and hobbling. Dryden.

Scabrousness

Sca"brous*ness, n. The quality of being scabrous.

Scabwort

Scab"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Elecampane.

Scad

Scad (?), n. [Gael. & ir. sgadan a herring.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small carangoid fish (Trachurus saurus) abundant on the European coast, and less common on the American. The name is applied also to several allied species. (b) The goggler; -- called also big-eyed scad. See Goggler. (c) The friar skate. [Scot.] (d) The cigar fish, or round robin.

Scaffold

Scaf"fold (?), n. [OF. eschafault, eschafaut, escafaut, escadafaut, F. \'82chafaud; probably oiginally the same word as E. & F. catafalque, It. catafafalco. See Catafalque.]

1. A temporary structure of timber, boards, etc., for various purposes, as for supporting workmen and materials in building, for exhibiting a spectacle upon, for holding the spectators at a show, etc.

Pardon, gentles all, The flat, unraised spirits that have dared On this unworthy scaffold to bring forth So great an object. Shak.

2. Specifically, a stage or elevated platform for the execution of a criminal; as, to die on the scaffold.

That a scaffold of execution should grow a scaffold of coronation. Sir P. Sidney.

3. (Metal.) An accumulation of adherent, partly fused material forming a shelf, or dome-shaped obstruction, above the tuy\'8ares in a blast furnace.

Scaffold

Scaf"fold, v. t. To furnish or uphold with a scaffold.

Scaffoldage

Scaf"fold*age (?), n. A scaffold. [R.] Shak.

Scaffolding

Scaf"fold*ing, n.

1. A scaffold; a supporting framework; as, the scaffolding of the body. Pope.

2. Materials for building scaffolds.

Scaglia

Scagl"ia (?), n. [It. scaglia a scale, a shell, a ship of marble.] A reddish variety of limestone.

Scagliola

Scagl*io"la (?), n. [It. scagliuola, dim. of scaglia. See Scaglia.] An imitation of any veined and ornamental stone, as marble, formed by a substratum of finely ground gypsum mixed with glue, the surface of which, while soft, is variegated with splinters of marble, spar, granite, etc., and subsequently colored and polished.

Scala

Sca"la (?), n.; pl. Scal\'91 (#). [L., a ladder.]

1. (Surg.) A machine formerly employed for reducing dislocations of the humerus.

2. (Anat.) A term applied to any one of the three canals of the cochlea.

Scalable

Scal"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being scaled.

Scalade, Scalado

Sca*lade" (?), Sca*la"do (?), n. (Mil.) See Escalade. Fairfax.

Scalar

Sca"lar (?), n. (Math.) In the quaternion analysis, a quantity that has magnitude, but not direction; -- distinguished from a vector, which has both magnitude and direction.

Scalaria

Sca*la"ri*a (?), n. [L., flight of steps.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of marine gastropods of the genus Scalaria, or family Scalarid\'91, having elongated spiral turreted shells, with rounded whorls, usually crossed by ribs or varices. The color is generally white or pale. Called also ladder shell, and wentletrap. See Ptenoglossa, and Wentletrap.

Scalariform

Sca*lar"i*form (?), a. [L. scalare, scalaria, staircase, ladder + -form: cf. F. scalariforme.]

1. Resembling a ladder in form or appearance; having transverse bars or markings like the rounds of a ladder; as, the scalariform cells and scalariform pits in some plants.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to a scalaria.

Scalary

Sca"la*ry (?), a. [L. scalaris, fr. scale, pl. scala, staircase, ladder.] Resembling a ladder; formed with steps. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Scalawag

Scal"a*wag (?), n. A scamp; a scapegrace. [Spelt also scallawag.] [Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.

Scald

Scald (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scaled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scalding.] [OF. eschalder, eschauder, escauder, F. \'82chauder, fr. L. excaldare; ex + caldus, calidus, warm, hot. See Ex, and Calderon.]

1. To burn with hot liquid or steam; to pain or injure by contact with, or imersion in, any hot fluid; as, to scald the hand.

Mine own tears Do scald like molten lead. Shak.
Here the blue flames of scalding brimstone fall. Cowley.

2. To expose to a boiling or violent heat over a fire, or in hot water or other liquor; as, to scald milk or meat.

Scald

Scald, n. A burn, or injury to the skin or flesh, by some hot liquid, or by steam.

Scald

Scald, a. [For scalled. See Scall.]

1. Affected with the scab; scaby. Shak.

2. Scurry; paltry; as, scald rhymers. [Obs.] Shak. Scald crow (Zo\'94l.), the hooded crow. [Ireland] -- Scald head (Med.), a name popularly given to several diseases of the scalp characterized by pustules (the dried discharge of which forms scales) and by falling out of the hair.

Scald

Scald, n. Scurf on the head. See Scall. Spenser.

Scald

Scald (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [Icel. sk\'beld.] One of the ancient Scandinavian poets and historiographers; a reciter and singer of heroic poems, etc., among the Norsemen; more rarely, a bard of any of the ancient Teutonic tribes. [Written also skald.]
A war song such as was of yore chanted on the field of battle by the scalds of the yet heathen Saxons. Sir W. Scott.

Scalder

Scald"er (?), n. A Scandinavian poet; a scald.

Scaldfish

Scald"fish` (?), n. [Scald, a. + fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A European flounder (Arnoglosus laterna, or Psetta arnoglossa); -- called also megrin, and smooth sole.

Scaldic

Scald"ic (? ∨ ?), a. Of or pertaining to the scalds of the Norsemen; as, scaldic poetry.

Scale

Scale (?), n. [AS. sc\'bele; perhaps influenced by the kindred Icel. sk\'bel balance, dish, akin also to D. schaal a scale, bowl, shell, G. schale, OHG. sc\'bela, Dan. skaal drinking cup, bowl, dish, and perh. to E. scale of a fish. Cf. Scale of a fish, Skull the brain case.]

1. The dish of a balance; hence, the balance itself; an instrument or machine for weighing; as, to turn the scale; -- chiefly used in the plural when applied to the whole instrument or apparatus for weighing. Also used figuratively.

Long time in even scale The battle hung. Milton.
The scales are turned; her kindness weighs no more Now than my vows. Waller.

2. (Astron.) The sign or constellation Libra. Platform scale. See under Platform. <-- tip the scales, influence an action so as to change an outcome from one likely result to another. -->

Scale

Scale, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaling.] To weigh or measure according to a scale; to measure; also, to grade or vary according to a scale or system.
Scaling his present bearing with his past. Shak.
To scale, ∨ scale down, a debt, wages, etc., to reduce a debt, etc., according to a fixed ratio or scale. [U.S.]

Scale

Scale, n. [Cf. AS. scealu, scalu, a shell, parings; akin to D. schaal, G. schale, OHG. scala, Dan. & Sw. skal a shell, Dan. ski\'91l a fish scale, Goth. skalja tile, and E. shale, shell, and perhaps also to scale of a balance; butperhaps rather fr. OF. escale, escaile, F. \'82caille scale of a fish, and \'82cale shell of beans, pease, egs, nuts, of German origin, and akin to Goth. skalja, G. schale. See Shale.]

1. (Anat.) One of the small, thin, membranous, bony or horny pieces which form the covering of many fishes and reptiles, and some mammals, belonging to the dermal part of the skeleton, or dermoskeleton. See Cycloid, Ctenoid, and Ganoid.

Fish that, with their fins and shining scales, Glide under the green wave. Milton.

2. Hence, any layer or leaf of metal or other material, resembling in size and thinness the scale of a fish; as, a scale of iron, of bone, etc.

3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the small scalelike structures covering parts of some invertebrates, as those on the wings of Lepidoptera and on the body of Thysanura; the elytra of certain annelids. See Lepidoptera.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A scale insect. (See below.)

5. (Bot.) A small appendage like a rudimentary leaf, resembling the scales of a fish in form, and often in arrangement; as, the scale of a bud, of a pine cone, and the like. The name is also given to the chaff on the stems of ferns.

6. The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a pocketknife. See Illust. of Pocketknife.

7. An incrustation deposit on the inside of a vessel in which water is heated, as a steam boiler.

8. (Metal.) The thin oxide which forms on the surface of iron forgings. It consists esentially of the magnetic oxide, Fe3O4. Also, a similar coating upon other metals. Covering scale (Zo\'94l.), a hydrophyllium. -- Ganoid scale (Zo\'94l.) See under Ganoid. -- Scale armor (Mil.), armor made of small metallic scales overlapping, and fastened upon leather or cloth. -- Scale beetle (Zo\'94l.), the tiger beetle. -- Scale carp (Zo\'94l.), a carp having normal scales. -- Scale insect (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of small hemipterous insects belonging to the family Coccid\'91, in which the females, when adult, become more or less scalelike in form. They are found upon the leaves and twigs of various trees and shrubs, and often do great damage to fruit trees. See Orange scale,under Orange. -- Scale moss (Bot.), any leafy-stemmed moss of the order Hepatic\'91; -- so called from the small imbricated scalelike leaves of most of the species. See Hepatica, 2, and Jungermannia.


Page 1282

Scale

Scale (?), v. t.

1. To strip or clear of scale or scales; as, to scale a fish; to scale the inside of a boiler.

2. To take off in thin layers or scales, as tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface. "If all the mountaines were scaled, and the earth made even." T. Burnet.

3. To scatter; to spread. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

4. (Gun.) To clean, as the inside of a cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder. Totten.

Scale

Scale, v. i.

1. To separate and come off in thin layers or lamin\'91; as, some sandstone scales by exposure.

Those that cast their shell are the lobster and crab; the old skins are found, but the old shells never; so it is likely that they scale off. Bacon.

2. To separate; to scatter. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

Scale

Scale, n. [L. scalae, pl., scala staircase, ladder; akin to scandere to climb. See Scan; cf. Escalade.]

1. A ladder; a series of steps; a means of ascending. [Obs.]

2. Hence, anything graduated, especially when employed as a measure or rule, or marked by lines at regular intervals. Specifically: (a) A mathematical instrument, consisting of a slip of wood, ivory, or metal, with one or more sets of spaces graduated and numbered on its surface, for measuring or laying off distances, etc., as in drawing, plotting, and the like. See Gunter's scale. (b) A series of spaces marked by lines, and representing proportionately larger distances; as, a scale of miles, yards, feet, etc., for a map or plan. (c) A basis for a numeral system; as, the decimal scale; the binary scale, etc. (d) (Mus.) The graduated series of all the tones, ascending or descending, from the keynote to its octave; -- called also the gamut. It may be repeated through any number of octaves. See Chromatic scale, Diatonic scale, Major scale, and Minor scale, under Chromatic, Diatonic, Major, and Minor.

3. Gradation; succession of ascending and descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order; as, a scale of being.

There is a certain scale of duties . . . which for want of studying in right order, all the world is in confusion. Milton.

4. Relative dimensions, without difference in proportion of parts; size or degree of the parts or components in any complex thing, compared with other like things; especially, the relative proportion of the linear dimensions of the parts of a drawing, map, model, etc., to the dimensions of the corresponding parts of the object that is represented; as, a map on a scale of an inch to a mile. Scale of chords, a graduated scale on which are given the lengths of the chords of arcs from 0° to 90° in a circle of given radius, -- used in measuring given angles and in plotting angles of given numbers of degrees.

Scale

Scale, v. t. [Cf. It. scalare, fr. L. scale, scala. See Scale a ladder.] To climb by a ladder, or as if by a ladder; to ascend by steps or by climbing; to clamber up; as, to scale the wall of a fort.
Oft have I scaled the craggy oak. Spenser.

Scale

Scale, v. i. To lead up by steps; to ascend. [Obs.]
Satan from hence, now on the lower stair, That scaled by steps of gold to heaven-gate, Looks down with wonder. Milton.

Scaleback

Scale"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of marine annelids of the family Polynoid\'91, and allies, which have two rows of scales, or elytra, along the back. See Illust. under Ch\'91topoda.

Scalebeam

Scale"beam` (?), n.

1. The lever or beam of a balance; the lever of a platform scale, to which the poise for weighing is applied.

2. A weighing apparatus with a sliding weight, resembling a steelyard.

Scaleboard

Scale"board` (?; commonly , n. [3d scale + board.]

1. (Print.) A thin slip of wood used to justify a page. [Obs.] Crabb.

2. A thin veneer of leaf of wood used for covering the surface of articles of firniture, and the like. Scaleboard plane, a plane for cutting from a board a wide shaving forming a scaleboard.

Scaled

Scaled (?), a.

1. Covered with scales, or scalelike structures; -- said of a fish, a reptile, a moth, etc.

2. Without scales, or with the scales removed; as, scaled herring.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Having feathers which in form, color, or arrangement somewhat resemble scales; as, the scaled dove. Scaled dove (Zo\'94l.), any American dove of the genus Scardafella. Its colored feather tips resemble scales.

Scaleless

Scale"less (?), a. Destitute of scales.

Scalene

Sca*lene" (?), a. [L. scalenus, Gr. scal\'8ane.]

1. (Geom.) (a) Having the sides and angles unequal; -- said of a triangle. (b) Having the axis inclined to the base, as a cone.

2. (Anat.) (a) Designating several triangular muscles called scalene muscles. (b) Of or pertaining to the scalene muscles. Scalene muscles (Anat.), a group of muscles, usually three on each side in man, extending from the cervical vertebr\'91 to the first and second ribs.

Scalene

Sca*lene", n. (Geom.) A triangle having its sides and angles unequal.

Scalenohedral

Sca*le`no*he"dral (?), a. (Crystallog.) Of or pertaining to a scalenohedron.

Scalenohedron

Sca*le`no*he"dron (?), n. [Gr. (Crystallog.) A pyramidal form under the rhombohedral system, inclosed by twelve faces, each a scalene triangle.

Scaler

Scal"er (?), n. One who, or that which, scales; specifically, a dentist's instrument for removing tartar from the teeth.

Scale-winged

Scale"-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the wings covered with small scalelike structures, as the lepidoptera; scaly-winged.

Scaliness

Scal"i*ness (?), n. The state of being scaly; roughness.

Scaling

Scal"ing (?), a.

1. Adapted for removing scales, as from a fish; as, a scaling knife; adapted for removing scale, as from the interior of a steam boiler; as, a scaling hammer, bar, etc.

2. Serving as an aid in clambering; as, a scaling ladder, used in assaulting a fortified place.

Scaliola

Scal*io"la (?), n. Same as Scagliola.

Scall

Scall (?), n. [Icel. skalli a bald head. Cf. Scald, a.] A scurf or scabby disease, especially of the scalp.
It is a dry scall, even a leprosy upon the head. Lev. xiii. 30.

Scall

Scall, a. Scabby; scurfy. [Obs.] Shak.

Scalled

Scalled (?), a. Scabby; scurfy; scall. [Obs.] "With scalled brows black." Chaucer. Scalled head. (Med.) See Scald head, under Scald, a.

Scallion

Scal"lion (?), n. [OF. escalone, escaloingne, L. caepa Ascalonius of Ascalon, fr. Ascalo Ascalon, a town in Palestine. Cf. Shallot.]

1. (Bot.) A kind of small onion (Allium Ascalonicum), native of Palestine; the eschalot, or shallot.

2. Any onion which does not "bottom out," but remains with a thick stem like a leek. Amer. Cyc.

Scallop

Scal"lop (?; 277), n. [OF. escalope a shell, probably of German or Dutch origin, and akin to E. scale of a fish; cf. D. schelp shell. See Scale of a fish, and cf. Escalop.] [Written also scollop.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Pecten and allied genera of the family Pectinid\'91. The shell is usually radially ribbed, and the edge is therefore often undulated in a characteristic manner. The large adductor muscle of some the species is much used as food. One species (Vola Jacob\'91us) occurs on the coast of Palestine, and its shell was formerly worn by pilgrims as a mark that they had been to the Holy Land. Called also fan shell. See Pecten, 2. &hand; The common edible scallop of the Eastern United States is Pecten irradians; the large sea scallop, also used as food, is P. Clontonius, or tenuicostastus.

2. One of series of segments of circles joined at their extremities, forming a border like the edge or surface of a scallop shell.

3. One of the shells of a scallop; also, a dish resembling a scallop shell.

Scallop

Scal"lop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scalloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scalloping.]

1. To mark or cut the edge or border of into segments of circles, like the edge or surface of a scallop shell. See Scallop, n., 2.

2. (Cookery) To bake in scallop shells or dishes; to prepare with crumbs of bread or cracker, and bake. See Scalloped oysters, below.

Scalloped

Scal"loped (?), a.

1. Furnished with a scallop; made or done with or in a scallop.

2. Having the edge or border cut or marked with segments of circles. See Scallop, n., 2.

3. (Cookery) Baked in a scallop; cooked with crumbs. Scalloped oysters (Cookery), opened oysters baked in a deep dish with alternate layers of bread or cracker crumbs, seasoned with pepper, nutmeg, and butter. This was at first done in scallop shells.

Scalloper

Scal"lop*er (?), n. One who fishes for scallops.

Scalloping

Scal"lop*ing, n. Fishing for scallops.

Scalp

Scalp (?), n. [Cf. Scallop.] A bed of oysters or mussels. [Scot.]

Scalp

Scalp, n. [Perhaps akin to D. schelp shell. Cf. Scallop.]

1. That part of the integument of the head which is usually covered with hair.

By the bare scalp of Robin Hodd's fat friar, This fellow were a king for our wild faction! Shak.

2. A part of the skin of the head, with the hair attached, cut or torn off from an enemy by the Indian warriors of North America, as a token of victory.

3. Fig.: The top; the summit. Macaulay. Scalp lock, a long tuft of hair left on the crown of the head by the warriors of some tribes of American Indians.

Scalp

Scalp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scalped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scalping.]

1. To deprive of the scalp; to cut or tear the scalp from the head of.

2. (Surg.) To remove the skin of.

We must scalp the whole lid [of the eye]. J. S. Wells.

3. (Milling.) To brush the hairs of fuzz from, as wheat grains, in the process of high milling. Knight.

Scalp

Scalp, v. i. To make a small, quick profit by slight fluctuations of the market; -- said of brokers who operate in this way on their own account. [Cant]

Scalpel

Scal"pel (?), n. [L scalpellum, dim. of scalprum a knife, akin to scalpere to cut, carve, scrape: cf. F. scalpel.] (Surg.) A small knife with a thin, keen blade, -- used by surgeons, and in dissecting.

Scalper

Scalper (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, scalps.

2. (Surg.) Same as Scalping iron, under Scalping.

3. A broker who, dealing on his own account, tries to get a small and quick profit from slight fluctuations of the market. [Cant]

4. A person who buys and sells the unused parts of railroad tickets. [Cant]

Scalping

Scalp"ing (?), a. & n. from Scalp. Scalping iron (Surg.), an instrument used in scraping foul and carious bones; a raspatory. -- Scalping knife, a knife used by north American Indians in scalping.

Scalpriform

Scal"pri*form (?), a. [L. scalprum chisel, knife + -form.] (Anat.) Shaped like a chisel; as, the scalpriform incisors of rodents.

Scaly

Scal"y (?), a.

1. Covered or abounding with scales; as, a scaly fish. "Scaly crocodile." Milton.

2. Resembling scales, lamin\'91, or layers.

3. Mean; low; as, a scaly fellow. [Low]

4. (Bot.) Composed of scales lying over each other; as, a scaly bulb; covered with scales; as, a scaly stem. Scaly ant-eater (Zo\'94l.), the pangolin.

Scaly-winged

Scal"y-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Scale-winged.

Scamble

Scam"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scambling.] [Cf. OD. schampelen to deviate, to slip, schampen to go away, escape, slip, and E. scamper, shamble.]

1. To move awkwardly; to be shuffling, irregular, or unsteady; to sprawl; to shamble. "Some scambling shifts." Dr. H. More. "A fine old hall, but a scambling house." Evelyn.

2. To move about pushing and jostling; to be rude and turbulent; to scramble. "The scambling and unquiet time did push it out of . . . question." Shak.

Scamble

Scam"ble, v. t. To mangle. [Obs.] Mortimer.

Scambler

Scam"bler (?), n. 1. One who scambles.

2. A bold intruder upon the hospitality of others; a mealtime visitor. [Scot.]

Scambling

Scam"bling (?), adv. In a scambling manner; with turbulence and noise; with bold intrusiveness.

Scamell, ∨ Scammel

Scam"ell (?), ∨ Scam"mel, n. (Zo\'94l.) The female bar-tailed godwit. [Prov. Eng.] &hand; Whether this is the scamel mentioned by Shakespeare ["Tempest," ii. 2] is not known.

Scamillus

Sca*mil"lus (?), n.; pl. Scamilli (#). [L., originally, a little bench, dim. of scamnum bench, stool.] (Arch.) A sort of second plinth or block, below the bases of Ionic and Corinthian columns, generally without moldings, and of smaller size horizontally than the pedestal.

Scammoniate

Scam*mo"ni*ate (?), a. Made from scammony; as, a scammoniate aperient.

Scammony

Scam"mo*ny (?), n. [F. scammon\'82e, L. scammonia, scammonea, Gr.

1. (Bot.) A species of bindweed or Convolvulus (C. Scammonia).

2. An inspissated sap obtained from the rot of the Convolvulus Scammonia, of a blackish gray color, a nauseous smell like that of old cheese, and a somewhat acrid taste. It is used in medicine as a cathartic.

Scamp

Scamp (?), n. [OF. escamper to run away, to make one's escape. originally, one who runs away, a fugitive, a vagabond. See Scamper.] A rascal; a swindler; a rogue. De Quincey.

Scamp

Scamp, v. t. [Cf. Scamp,n., or Scant, a., and Skimp.] To perform in a hasty, neglectful, or imperfect manner; to do superficially. [Colloq.]
A workman is said to scamp his work when he does it in a superficial, dishonest manner. Wedgwood.
Much of the scamping and dawdling complained of is that of men in establishments of good repute. T. Hughes.

Scampavia

Scam`pa*vi"a (?), n. [It.] A long, low war galley used by the Neapolitans and Sicilians in the early part of the nineteenth century.

Scamper

Scam"per (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scampered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scampering.] [OF. escamper to escape, to save one's self; L. ex from + campus the field (sc. of battle). See Camp, and cf. Decamp, Scamp, n., Shamble, v. t.] To run with speed; to run or move in a quick, hurried manner; to hasten away. Macaulay.
The lady, however, . . . could not help scampering about the room after a mouse. S. Sharpe.

Scamper

Scam"per, n. A scampering; a hasty flight.

Scamperer

Scam"per*er (?), n. One who scampers. Tyndell.

Scampish

Scamp"ish (?), a. Of or like a scamp; knavish; as, scampish conduct.

Scan

Scan (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scanned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scanning.] [L. scandere, scansum, to climb, to scan, akin to Skr. skand to spring, leap: cf. F. scander. Cf. Ascend, Descend, Scale a ladder.]

1. To mount by steps; to go through with step by step. [Obs.]

Nor stayed till she the highest stage had scand. Spenser.

2. Specifically (Pros.), to go through with, as a verse, marking and distinguishing the feet of which it is composed; to show, in reading, the metrical structure of; to recite metrically.

3. To go over and examine point by point; to examine with care; to look closely at or into; to scrutinize.

The actions of men in high stations are all conspicuous, and liable to be scanned and sifted. Atterbury.
<-- 4. To examine quickly, from point to point, in search of something specific; as, to scan an article for mention of a particular person. 5. (ELectronics) To form an image or an electronic representation of, by passing a beam of light or electrons over, and detecting and recording the reflected or transmitted signal. -->

Scandal

Scan"dal (?), n. [F. scandale, fr. L. scandalum, Gr. scandle, OF. escandle. See Slander.]

1. Offense caused or experienced; reproach or reprobation called forth by what is regarded as wrong, criminal, heinous, or flagrant: opprobrium or disgrace.

O, what a scandal is it to our crown, That two such noble peers as ye should jar! Shak.
[I] have brought scandal To Israel, diffidence of God, and doubt In feeble hearts. Milton.

2. Reproachful aspersion; opprobrious censure; defamatory talk, uttered heedlessly or maliciously.

You must not put another scandal on him. Shak.
My known virtue is from scandal free. Dryden.

3. (Equity) Anything alleged in pleading which is impertinent, and is reproachful to any person, or which derogates from the dignity of the court, or is contrary to good manners. Daniell. Syn. -- Defamation; detraction; slander; calumny; opprobrium; reproach; shame; disgrace.


Page 1283

Scandal

Scan"dal (?), v. t.

1. To treat opprobriously; to defame; to asperse; to traduce; to slander. [R.]

I do faws on men and hug them hard And after scandal them. Shak.

2. To scandalize; to offend. [Obs.] Bp. Story. Syn. -- To defame; traduce; reproach; slander; calumniate; asperse; vilify; disgarce.

Scandalize

Scan"dal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scandalized (; p. pr. & vb. n. Scandalizing (.] [F. scandaliser, L. scandalizare, from Gr. skandali`zein.]

1. To offend the feelings of the conscience of (a person) by some action which is considered immoral or criminal; to bring shame, disgrace, or reproach upon.

I demand who they are whom we scandalize by using harmless things. Hooker.
the congregation looked on in silence, the better class scandalized, and the lower orders, some laughing, others backing the soldier or the minister, as their fancy dictated. Sir W. Scott.

2. To reproach; to libel; to defame; to slander.

To tell his tale might be interpreted into scandalizing the order. Sir W. Scott.

Scandalous

Scan"dal*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. scandaleux.]

1. Giving offense to the conscience or moral feelings; exciting reprobation; calling out condemnation.

Nothing scandalous or offensive unto any. Hooker.

2. Disgraceful to reputation; bringing shame or infamy; opprobrious; as, a scandalous crime or vice.

3. Defamatory; libelous; as, a scandalous story.

Scandalously

Scan"dal*ous*ly, adv.

1. In a manner to give offense; shamefully.

His discourse at table was scandalously unbecoming the digmity of his station. Swift.

2. With a disposition to impute immorality or wrong.

Shun their fault, who, scandalously nice, Will needs mistake an author into vice. Pope.

Scandalousness

Scan"dal*ous*ness, n. Quality of being scandalous.

Scandalum magnatum

Scan"da*lum mag*na"tum` (?). [L., scandal of magnates.] (Law) A defamatory speech or writing published to the injury of a person of dignity; -- usually abbreviated scan. mag.

Scandent

Scan"dent (?), a. [L. scandens, -entis, p.pr. of scandere to climb.] Climbing. &hand; Scandent plants may climb either by twining, as the hop, or by twisted leafstalks, as the clematis, or by tendrils, as the passion flower, or by rootlets, as the ivy.

Scandia

Scan"di*a (?), n. [NL. See Scandium.] (Chem.) A chemical earth, the oxide of scandium.

Scandic

Scan"dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to scandium; derived from, or containing, scandium.

Scandinavian

Scan`di*na"vi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Scandinavia, that is, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Scandinavia.

Scandium

Scan"di*um (?), n. [NL. So called because found in Scandinavian minerals] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of the boron group, whose existence was predicated under the provisional name ekaboron by means of the periodic law, and subsequently discovered by spectrum analysis in certain rare Scandinavian minerals (euxenite and gadolinite). It has not yet been isolated. Symbol Sc. Atomic weight 44<-- Atomic weight 44.96, at. no. 21; valence 3. -->

Scansion

Scan"sion (?), n. [L. scansio, fr. scandere, scansum, to climb. See Scan.] (Pros.) The act of scanning; distinguishing the metrical feet of a verse by emphasis, pauses, or otherwise.

Scansores

Scan*so"res (?), n.; pl. [NL., fr. L. scandere, scansum, to climb.] (Zo\'94l.) An artifical group of birds formerly regarded as an order. They are distributed among several orders by modern ornithologists. &hand; The toes are in pairs, two before and two behind, by which they are enabled to cling to, and climb upon, trees, as the woodpeckers, parrots, cuckoos, and trogons. See Illust. under Aves.

Scansorial

Scan*so"ri*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Capable of climbing; as, the woodpecker is a scansorial bird; adapted for climbing; as, the scansorial foot. (b) Of or pertaining to the Scansores. See Illust. under Aves. Scansorial tail (Zo\'94l.), a tail in which the feathers are stiff and sharp at the tip, as in the woodpeckers.

Scant

Scant (?), a. [Compar. Scanter (?); superl. Scantest.] [Icel. skamt, neuter of skamr, skammr, short; cf. skamta to dole out, to portion.]

1. Not full, large, or plentiful; scarcely sufficient; less than is wanted for the purpose; scanty; meager; not enough; as, a scant allowance of provisions or water; a scant pattern of cloth for a garment.

His sermon was scant, in all, a quarter of an hour. Ridley.

2. Sparing; parsimonious; chary.

Be somewhat scanter of your maiden presence. Shak.
Syn. -- See under Scanty.

Scant

Scant, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Scanting.]

1. To limit; to straiten; to treat illiberally; to stint; as, to scant one in provisions; to scant ourselves in the use of necessaries.

Where man hath a great living laid together and where he is scanted. Bacon.
I am scanted in the pleasure of dwelling on your actions. Dryden.

2. To cut short; to make small, narrow, or scanty; to curtail. "Scant not my cups." Shak.

Scant

Scant, v. i. To fail, of become less; to scantle; as, the wind scants.

Scant

Scant, adv. In a scant manner; with difficulty; scarcely; hardly. [Obs.] Bacon.
So weak that he was scant able to go down the stairs. Fuller.

Scant

Scant, n. Scantness; scarcity. [R.] T. Carew.

Scantily

Scant"i*ly (?), adv. In a scanty manner; not fully; not plentifully; sparingly; parsimoniously.
His mind was very scantily stored with materials. Macaulay.
<-- scantily clad, wearing almost no clothing. -->

Scantiness

Scant"i*ness, n. Quality condition of being scanty.

Scantle

Scan"tle (?), v. i. [Dim. of scant, v.] To be deficient; to fail. [Obs.] Drayton.

Scantle

Scan"tle (?), v. t. [OF. escanteler, eschanteler, to break into contles; pref. es- (L. ex) + cantel, chantel, corner, side, piece. Confused with E. scant. See Cantle.] To scant; to be niggard of; to divide into small pieces; to cut short or down. [Obs.]
All their pay Must your discretion scantle; keep it back. J. Webster.

Scantlet

Scant"let (?), n. [OF. eschantelet corner.] A small pattern; a small quantity. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Scantling

Scant"ling (?), a. [See Scant, a.] Not plentiful; small; scanty. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Scantling

Scant"ling, n. [Cf. OF. eschantillon, F. \'82chantillon, a sample, pattern, example. In some senses confused with scant insufficient. See Scantle, v. t.]

1. A fragment; a bit; a little piece. Specifically: (a) A piece or quantity cut for a special purpose; a sample. [Obs.]

Such as exceed not this scantling; -- to be solace to the sovereign and harmless to the people. Bacon.
A pretty scantling of his knowledge may taken by his deferring to be baptized so many years. Milton.
(b) A small quantity; a little bit; not much. [Obs.]
Reducing them to narrow scantlings. Jer. Taylor.

2. A piece of timber sawed or cut of a small size, as for studs, rails, etc.

3. The dimensions of a piece of timber with regard to its breadth and thickness; hence, the measure or dimensions of anything.

4. A rough draught; a rude sketch or outline.

5. A frame for casks to lie upon; a trestle. Knight.

Scantly

Scant"ly, adv.

1. In a scant manner; not fully or sufficiently; narrowly; penuriously. Dryden.

2. Scarcely; hardly; barely.

Scantly they durst their feeble eyes dispread Upon that town. Fairfax.
We hold a tourney here to-morrow morn, And there is scantly time for half the work. Tennyson.

Scantness

Scant"ness, n. The quality or condition of being scant; narrowness; smallness; insufficiency; scantiness. "Scantness of outward things." Barrow.

Scanty

Scant"y (?), a. [Compar. Scantier (?); superl. Scantiest.] [From Scant, a.]

1. Wanting amplitude or extent; narrow; small; not abundant.

his dominions were very narrow and scanty. Locke.
Now scantier limits the proud arch confine. Pope.

2. Somewhat less than is needed; insufficient; scant; as, a scanty supply of words; a scanty supply of bread.

3. Sparing; niggardly; parsimonius.

In illustrating a point of difficulty, be not too scanty of words. I. Watts.
Syn. -- Scant; narrow; small; poor; deficient; meager; scarce; chary; sparing; parsimonious; penurious; niggardly; grudging.

Scape

Scape (?), n. [L. scapus shaft, stem, stalk; cf. Gr. scape. Cf. Scepter.]

1. (Bot.) A peduncle rising from the ground or from a subterranean stem, as in the stemless violets, the bloodroot, and the like.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The long basal joint of the antenn\'91 of an insect.

3. (Arch.) (a) The shaft of a column. (b) The apophyge of a shaft.

Scape

Scape, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Scaped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaping.] [Aphetic form of escape.] To escape. [Obs. or Poetic.] Milton.
Out of this prison help that we may scape. Chaucer.

Scape

Scape, n.

1. An escape. [Obs.]

I spake of most disastrous chances, . . . Of hairbreadth scapes in the imminent, deadly breach. Shak.

2. Means of escape; evasion. [Obs.] Donne.

3. A freak; a slip; a fault; an escapade. [Obs.]

Not pardoning so much as the scapes of error and ignorance. Milton.

4. Loose act of vice or lewdness. [Obs.] Shak.

Scapegallows

Scape"gal`lows (?), n. One who has narrowly escaped the gallows for his crimes. [Colloq.] Dickens.

Scapegoat

Scape"goat` (?), n. [Scape (for escape) + goat.]

1. (Jewish Antiq.) A goat upon whose head were symbolically placed the sins of the people, after which he was suffered to escape into the wilderness. Lev. xvi. 10.

2. Hence, a person or thing that is made to bear blame for others. Tennyson.

Scapegrace

Scape"grace` (?), n. A graceless, unprincipled person; one who is wild and reckless. Beaconsfield.

Scapeless

Scape"less, a. (Bot.) Destitute of a scape.

Scapement

Scape"ment (?), n. [See Scape, v., Escapement.] Same as Escapement, 3.

Scape-wheel

Scape"-wheel` (?), n. (Horol.) the wheel in an escapement (as of a clock or a watch) into the teeth of which the pallets play.

Scaphander

Sca*phan"der (?), n. [Gr. scaphandre.] The case, or impermeable apparel, in which a diver can work while under water.

Scaphism

Scaph"ism (?), n. [Gr. ska`fh a trough.] An ancient mode of punishing criminals among the Persians, by confining the victim in a trough, with his head and limbs smeared with honey or the like, and exposed to the sun and to insects until he died.

Scaphite

Scaph"ite (?), n. [L. scapha a boat, fr. Gr. (Paleon.) Any fossil cephalopod shell of the genus Scaphites, belonging to the Ammonite family and having a chambered boat-shaped shell. Scaphites are found in the Cretaceous formation.

Scaphocephalic

Scaph`o*ce*phal"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or affected with, scaphocephaly.

Scaphocephaly

Scaph`o*ceph"a*ly (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) A deformed condition of the skull, in which the vault is narrow, clongated, and more or less boat-shaped.

Scaphocerite

Scaph`o*ce"rite (?), n. [Gr. cerite.] (Zo\'94l.) A flattened plate or scale attached to the second joint of the antenn\'91 of many Crustacea.

Scaphognathite

Sca*phog"na*thite (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A thin leafike appendage (the exopodite) of the second maxilla of decapod crustaceans. It serves as a pumping organ to draw the water through the gill cavity.

Scaphoid

Scaph"oid (?; 277), a. [Gr. -oid: cf. F. scapho\'8bde.] (Anat.) Resembling a boat in form; boat-shaped. -- n. The scaphoid bone. Scaphoid bone (a) One of the carpal bones, which articulates with the radius; the radiale. (b) One of the tarsal bones; the navicular bone. See under Navicular.

Scapholunar

Scaph`o*lu"nar (?), a. [Scaphoid + lunar.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the scaphoid and lunar bones of the carpus. -- n. The scapholunar bone. Scapholunar bone, a bone formed by the coalescence of the scaphoid and lunar in the carpus of carnivora.

Scaphopda

Sca*phop"*da (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A class of marine cephalate Mollusca having a tubular shell open at both ends, a pointed or spadelike foot for burrowing, and many long, slender, prehensile oral tentacles. It includes Dentalium, or the tooth shells, and other similar shells. Called also Prosopocephala, and Solenoconcha.

Scapiform

Sca"pi*form (?), a. (Bot.) Resembling scape, or flower stm.

Scaplite

Scap"*lite (?), n. [Gr. scapus a stem, sta-lite: cf. F. scapolite.] (Mon.) A grayish white mineral occuring in tetragonal crystals and in cleavable masses. It is esentially a silicate of aluminia and soda. &hand; The scapolite group includes scapolite proper, or wernerite, also meionite, dipyre, etc.

Scapple

Scap"ple (?), v. t. [Cf. OF. eskaper, eschapler, to cut, hew, LL. scapellare. Cf. Scabble.] (a) To work roughly, or shape without finishing, as stone before leaving the quarry. (b) To dress in any way short of fine tooling or rubbing, as stone. Gwilt.

Scapula

Scap"u*la (?), n.; pl. L. Scapul\'91 (#), E. Scapuolas (#). [L.]

1. (Anat.) The principal bone of the shoulder girdle in mammals; the shoulder blade.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the plates from which the arms of a crinoid arise.

Scapular

Scap"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. scapulaire. Cf. Scapulary.] Of or pertaining to the scapula or the shoulder Scapular arch (Anat.), the pectoral arch. See under pectoral. -- Scapular region, ∨ Scapular tract (Zo\'94l.), a definite longitudinal area over the shoulder and along each side of the back of a bird, from which the scapular feathers arise.

Scapular

Scap"u*lar, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a special group of feathers which arise from each of the scapular regions and lie along the sides of the back.

Scapular, Scapulary

Scap"u*lar (?), Scap"u*la*ry (?), n. [F. scapulaire, LL. scapularium, scapulare, fr. L.scapula shoulder blade.]

1. (R.C.Ch.) (a) A loose sleeveless vestment falling in front and behind, worn by certain religious orders and devout persons. (b) The name given to two pieces of cloth worn under the ordinary garb and over the shoulders as an act of devotion. Addis & Arnold.

2. (Surg.) A bandage passing over the shoulder to support it, or to retain another bandage in place.

Scapulary

Scap"u*la*ry, a. Same as Scapular, a.

Scapulary

Scap"u*la*ry, n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as 2d and 3d Scapular.

Scapulet

Scap"u*let (?), n. [Dim. of scapula.] (Zo\'94l.) A secondary mouth fold developed at the base of each of the armlike lobes of the manubrium of many rhizostome medus\'91. See Illustration in Appendix.

Scapulo-

Scap"u*lo- (. A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the scapula or the shoulder; as, the scapulo-clavicular articulation, the articulation between the scapula and clavicle.

Scapus

Sca"pus (?), n. [L.] See 1st Scape.

Scar

Scar (?), n. [OF. escare, F. eschare an eschar, a dry slough (cf. It. & Sp. escara), L. eschara, fr. Gr. Eschar.]

1. A mark in the skin or flesh of an animal, made by a wound or ulcer, and remaining after the wound or ulcer is healed; a cicatrix; a mark left by a previous injury; a blemish; a disfigurement.

This earth had the beauty of youth, . . . and not a wrinkle, scar, or fracture on all its body. T. Burnet.

2. (Bot.) A mark left upon a stem or branch by the fall of a leaf, leaflet, or frond, or upon a seed by the separation of its support. See Illust. under Axillary.

Scar

Scar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarring.] To mark with a scar or scars.
Yet I'll not shed her blood; Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow. Shak.
His cheeks were deeply scarred. Macaulay.

Scar

Scar, v. i. To form a scar.

Scar

Scar, n. [Scot. scar, scaur, Icel. sker a skerry, an isolated rock in the sea; akin to Dan. ski\'91r, Sw. sk\'84r. Cf. Skerry.] An isolated or protruding rock; a steep, rocky eminence; a bare place on the side of a mountain or steep bank of earth. [Written also scaur.]
O sweet and far, from cliff and scar, The horns of Elfland faintly blowing. Tennyson.

Scar

Scar, n. [L. scarus, a kind of fish, Gr. ska`ros.] (Zo\'94l.) A marine food fish, the scarus, or parrot fish.
Page 1284

Scarab, Scarabee

Scar"ab (?), Scar"a*bee (?), n. [L. scarabeus; cf. F. scarab\'82e.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of lamellicorn beetles of the genus Scarab\'91us, or family Scarab\'91id\'91, especially the sacred, or Egyptian, species (Scarab\'91us sacer, and S. Egyptiorum).

Scarab\'91us

Scar`a*b\'91"us (?), n. [L.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scarab.

Scaraboid

Scar"a*boid (?), a. [Scarab + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the family Scarab\'91id\'91, an extensive group which includes the Egyptian scarab, the tumbleding, and many similar lamellicorn beetles.

Scaraboid

Scar"a*boid, n. (Zo\'94l.) A scaraboid beetle.

Scaramouch

Scar"a*mouch` (?), n. [F. scaramouche, It.scaramuccio, scaramuccia, originally the name of a celebrated Italian comedian; cf. It. scaramuccia, scaramuccio, F. escarmouche, skirmish. Cf. Skirmish.] A personage in the old Italian comedy (derived from Spain) characterized by great boastfulness and poltroonery; hence, a person of like characteristics; a buffoon.

Scarce

Scarce (?), a. [Compar. Scarcer (?); superl. Scarcest.] [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See Carpet, and cf. Excerp.]

1. Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon.

You tell him silver is scarcer now in England, and therefore risen one fifth in value. Locke.
The scarcest of all is a Pescennius Niger on a medallion well preserved. Addison.

2. Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); -- with of. [Obs.] "A region scarce of prey." Milton.

3. Sparing; frugal; parsimonious; stingy. [Obs.] "Too scarce ne too sparing." Chaucer. To make one's self scarce, to decamp; to depart. [Slang] Syn. -- Rare; infrequent; deficient. See Rare.

Scarce, Scarcely

Scarce, Scarce"ly, adv.

1. With difficulty; hardly; scantly; barely; but just.

With a scarce well-lighted flame. Milton.
The eldest scarcely five year was of age. Chaucer.
Slowly she sails, and scarcely stems the tides. Dryden.
He had scarcely finished, when the laborer arrived who had been sent for my ransom. W. Irwing.

2. Frugally; penuriously. [Obs.] haucer.

Scarcement

Scarce"ment (?), n. (Arch. & Engin.) An offset where a wall or bank of earth, etc., retreats, leaving a shelf or footing.

Scarceness, Scarcity

Scarce"ness (?), Scar"ci*ty (?), n. The quality or condition of being scarce; smallness of quantity in proportion to the wants or demands; deficiency; lack of plenty; short supply; penury; as, a scarcity of grain; a great scarcity of beauties. Chaucer.
A scarcity of snow would raise a mutiny at Naples. Addison.
Praise . . . owes its value to its scarcity. Rambler.
The value of an advantage is enhanced by its scarceness. Collier.
Syn. -- Deficiency; lack; want; penury; dearth; rareness; rarity; infrequency.

Scard

Scard (?), n. A shard or fragment. [Obs.]

Scare

Scare (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaring.] [OE. skerren, skeren, Icel. skirra to bar, prevent, skirrask to shun , shrink from; or fr. OE. skerre, adj., scared, Icel. skjarr; both perhaps akin to E. sheer to turn.] To frighten; to strike with sudden fear; to alarm.
The noise of thy crossbow Will scare the herd, and so my shoot is lost. Shak.
To scare away, to drive away by frightening. -- To scare up, to find by search, as if by beating for game. [Slang] Syn. -- To alarm; frighten; startle; affright; terrify.

Scare

Scare, n. Fright; esp., sudden fright produced by a trifling cause, or originating in mistake. [Colloq.]

Scarecrow

Scare"crow` (?), n.

1. Anything set up to frighten crows or other birds from cornfields; hence, anything terifying without danger.

A scarecrow set to frighten fools away. Dryden.

2. A person clad in rags and tatters.

No eye hath seen such scarecrows. I'll not march with them through Coventry, that's flat. Shak.

3. (Zo\'94l.) The black tern. [Prov. Eng.]

Scarefire

Scare"fire` (?), n.

1. An alarm of fire. [Obs.]

2. A fire causing alarm. [Obs.] Fuller.

Scarf

Scarf (?), n. [Icel. skarfr.] A cormorant. [Scot.]

Scarf

Scarf, n.; pl. Scarfs, rarely Scarves (#). [Cf. OF. escharpe a piligrim's scrip, or wallet (handing about the neck.), F. \'82charpe sash, scarf; probably from OHG. scharpe pocket; also (from the French) Dan. ski\'91rf; Sw. sk\'84rp, Prov. G. sch\'84rfe, LG. scherf, G. sch\'84rpe; and also AS. scearf a fragment; possibly akin to E. scrip a wallet. Cf. Scarp a scarf.] An article of dress of a light and decorative character, worn loosely over the shoulders or about the neck or the waist; a light shawl or handkerchief for the neck; also, a cravat; a neckcloth.
Put on your hood and scarf. Swift.
With care about the banners, scarves, and staves. R. Browning.

Scarf

Scarf, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarfed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarfing.]

1. To throw on loosely; to put on like a scarf. "My sea-gown scarfed about me." Shak.

2. To dress with a scarf, or as with a scarf; to cover with a loose wrapping. Shak.

Scarf

Scarf, v. t. [Sw. skarfva to eke out, to join together, skarf a seam, joint; cf. Dan. skarre to joint, to unite timber, Icel. skara to clinich the planks of a boat, G. scharben to chop, to cut small.] (a) To form a scarf on the end or edge of, as for a joint in timber, metal rods, etc. (b) To unite, as two pieces of timber or metal, by a scarf joint.

Scarf

Scarf (?), n. (a) In a piece which is to be united to another by a scarf joint, the part of the end or edge that is tapered off, rabbeted, or notched so as to be thinner than the rest of the piece. (b) A scarf joint. Scarf joint (a) A joint made by overlapping and bolting or locking together the ends of two pieces of timber that are halved, notched, or cut away so that they will fit each other and form a lengthened beam of the same size at the junction as elsewhere. (b) A joint formed by welding, riveting, or brazing together the overlapping scarfed ends, or edges, of metal rods, sheets, etc. -- Scarf weld. See under Weld.

Scarfskin

Scarf"skin` (?), n. (Anat.) See Epidermis.

Scarification

Scar`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. scarificatio: cf. F. scarification.] The act of scarifying.

Scarificator

Scar"i*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. scarificateur.] (Surg.) An instrument, principally used in cupping, containing several lancets moved simultaneously by a spring, for making slight incisions.

Scarifier

Scar"i*fi`er (?), n.

1. One who scarifies.

2. (Surg.) The instrument used for scarifying.

3. (Agric.) An implement for stripping and loosening the soil, without bringing up a fresh surface.

You have your scarifiers to make the ground clean. Southey.

Scarify

Scar"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarifying (?).] [F. scarifier, L. scarificare, scarifare, fr. Gr.

1. To scratch or cut the skin of; esp. (Med.), to make small incisions in, by means of a lancet or scarificator, so as to draw blood from the smaller vessels without opening a large vein.

2. (Agric.) To stir the surface soil of, as a field.

Scariose, Scarious

Sca"ri*ose (?), Sca"ri*ous (?), a. [F. scarieux, NL. scariosus. Cf. Scary.] (Bot.) Thin, dry, membranous, and not green. Gray.

Scarlatina

Scar`la*ti"na (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. scarlatine. See Scarlet.] (Med.) Scarlet fever. -- Scar`la*ti"nal (#), a. -- Scar*lat"i*nous (# ∨ #), a.

Scarless

Scar"less (?), a. Free from scar. Drummond.

Scarlet

Scar"let (?), n. [OE. scarlat, scarlet, OF. escarlate, F. \'82carlate (cf. Pr. escarlat, escarlata, Sp. & Pg. escarlata, It. scarlatto, LL. scarlatum), from Per. sakirl\'bet.] A deep bright red tinged with orange or yellow, -- of many tints and shades; a vivid or bright red color.

2. Cloth of a scarlet color.

All her household are clothed with scarlet. Prov. xxxi. 21.

Scarlet

Scar"let, a. Of the color called scarlet; as, a scarlet cloth or thread. Scarlet admiral (Zo\'94l.), the red admiral. See under Red. -- Scarlet bean (Bot.), a kind of bean (Phaseolus multiflorus) having scarlet flowers; scarlet runner. -- Scarlet fever (Med.), a contagious febrile disease characterized by inflammation of the fauces and a scarlet rash, appearing usually on the second day, and ending in desquamation about the sixth or seventh day. -- Scarlet fish (Zo\'94l.), the telescope fish; -- so called from its red color. See under Telescope. -- Scarlet ibis (Zo\'94l.) See under Ibis. -- Scarlet maple (Bot.), the red maple. See Maple. -- Scarlet mite (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of bright red carnivorous mites found among grass and moss, especially Thombidium holosericeum and allied species. The young are parasitic upon spiders and insects. -- Scarlet oak (Bot.), a species of oak (Quercus coccinea) of the United States; -- so called from the scarlet color of its leaves in autumn. -- Scarlet runner (Bot.), the scarlet bean. -- Scarlet tanager. (Zo\'94l.) See under Tanager.

Scarlet

Scar"let, v. t. To dye or tinge with scarlet. [R.]
The ashy paleness of my cheek Is scarleted in ruddy flakes of wrath. Ford.

Scarmage, Scarmoge

Scar"mage (?), Scar"moge (?), n. A slight contest; a skirmish. See Skirmish. [Obs.]
Such cruel game my scarmoges disarms. Spenser.

Scarn

Scarn (?), n. [Icel. skarn; akin to AS. scearn. Cf. Shearn.] Dung. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ray. Scarn bee (Zo\'94l.), a dung beetle.

Scaroid

Sca"roid, a. [Scarus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Scarid\'91, a family of marine fishes including the parrot fishes.

Scarp

Scarp (?), n. [OF. escharpe. See 2d Scarf.] (Her.) A band in the same position as the bend sinister, but only half as broad as the latter.

Scarp

Scarp, n. [Aphetic form of Escarp.]

1. (Fort.) The slope of the ditch nearest the parapet; the escarp.

2. A steep descent or declivity.

Scarp

Scarp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarping.] To cut down perpendicularly, or nearly so; as, to scarp the face of a ditch or a rock.
From scarped cliff and quarried stone. Tennyson.
Sweep ruins from the scarped mountain. Emerson.

Scarring

Scar"ring (?), n. A scar; a mark.
We find upon the limestone rocks the scarrings of the ancient glacier which brought the bowlder here. Tyndall.

Scarry

Scar"ry (?), a. Bearing scars or marks of wounds.

Scarry

Scar"ry, a. [See 4th Scar.] Like a scar, or rocky eminence; containing scars. Holinshed.

Scarus

Sca"rus (?), n. [L. See Scar a kind of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A Mediterranean food fish (Sparisoma scarus) od excellent quality and highly valued by the Romans; -- called also parrot fish.

Scary

Sca"ry (?), n. [Prov. E. scare scraggy.] Barren land having only a thin coat of grass. [Prov. Eng.]

Scary

Scar"y (?), a. [From Scare.]

1. Subject to sudden alarm. [Colloq.U.S.] Whittier.

2. Causing fright; alarming. [Colloq.U.S.]

Scasely

Scase"ly (?), adv. Scarcely; hardly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Robynson (More's Utopia)

Scat

Scat (?), interj. Go away; begone; away; -- chiefly used in driving off a cat.

Scat, Scatt

Scat, Scatt, n. [Icel. scattr.] Tribute. [R.] "Seizing scatt and treasure." Longfellow.

Scat

Scat, n. A shower of rain. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

Scatch

Scatch (?), n. [F. escache.] A kind of bit for the bridle of a horse; -- called also scatchmouth. Bailey.

Scatches

Scatch"es (?), n.; pl. [OF. eschaces, F. \'82chasses, fr. D. schaats a high-heeled shoe, a skate. See Skate, for the foot.] Stilts. [Prov. Eng.]

Scate

Scate (?), n. See Skate, for the foot.

Scatebrous

Scat"e*brous (?), a. [L. scatebra a gushing up of water, from scatere to bubble, gush.] Abounding with springs. [Obs.]

Scath

Scath (?; 277), n. [Icel. ska\'ebi; akin to Dan. skade, Sw. skada, AS. scea\'eba, sca\'eba, foe, injurer, OS. ska\'ebo, D. schade, schaden; cf. Gr. Scathe, v.] Harm; damage; injury; hurt; waste; misfortune. [Written also scathe.]
But she was somedeal deaf, and that was skathe. Chaucer.
Great mercy, sure, for to enlarge a thrall, Whose freedom shall thee turn to greatest scath. Spenser.
Wherein Rome hath done you any scath, Let him make treble satisfaction. Shak.

Scathe; 277, Scath

Scathe (?; 277), Scath (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scathing (?).] [Icel. ska\'eba; akin to AS. scea\'eban, sce\'eb\'eban, Dan. skade, Sw. skada, D. & G. schaden, OHG. scad\'d3n, Goth. ska\'edjan.] To do harm to; to injure; to damage; to waste; to destroy.
As when heaven's fire Hath scathed the forest oaks or mountain pines. Milton.
Strokes of calamity that scathe and scorch the soul. W. Irwing.

Scathful

Scath"ful (?), a. Harmful; doing damage; pernicious. Shak. -- Scath"ful*ness, n.

Scathless

Scath"less, a. Unharmed. R. L. Stevenson.
He, too, . . . is to be dismissed scathless. Sir W. Scott.

Scathly

Scath"ly, a. Injurious; scathful. [Obs.]

Scatter

Scat"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scattering.] [OE. scateren. See Shatter.]

1. To strew about; to sprinkle around; to throw down loosely; to deposit or place here and there, esp. in an open or sparse order.

And some are scattered all the floor about. Chaucer.
Why should my muse enlarge on Libyan swains, Their scattered cottages, and ample plains? Dryden.
Teach the glad hours to scatter, as they fly, Soft quiet, gentle love, and endless joy. Prior.

2. To cause to separate in different directions; to reduce from a close or compact to a loose or broken order; to dissipate; to disperse.

Scatter and disperse the giddy Goths. Shak.

3. Hence, to frustrate, disappoint, and overthrow; as, to scatter hopes, plans, or the like. Syn. -- To disperse; dissipate; spread; strew.

Scatter

Scat"ter, v. i. To be dispersed or dissipated; to disperse or separate; as, clouds scatter after a storm.

Scatter-brain

Scat"ter-brain` (?), n. A giddy or thoughtless person; one incapable of concentration or attention. [Written also scatter-brains.]

Scatter-brained

Scat"ter-brained` (?), a. Giddy; thoughtless.

Scattered

Scat"tered (?), a.

1. Dispersed; dissipated; sprinkled, or loosely spread.

2. (Bot.) Irregular in position; having no regular order; as, scattered leaves. -- Scat"tered*ly, adv. -- Scat"tered*ness, n.

Scattergood

Scat"ter*good` (?), n. One who wastes; a spendthrift.

Scattering

Scat"ter*ing, a. Going or falling in various directions; not united or agregated; divided among many; as, scattering votes.

Scattering

Scat"ter*ing, n. Act of strewing about; something scattered. South.

Scatteringly

Scat"ter*ing*ly, adv. In a scattering manner; dispersedly.

Scatterling

Scat"ter*ling (?), n. [Scatter + -ling.] One who has no fixed habitation or residence; a vagabond. [Obs.] "Foreign scatterlings." Spenser.

Scaturient

Sca*tu"ri*ent (?), a.[L. scaturiens, p.pr. of scaturire gush out, from scatere to bubble, gush.] Gushing forth; full to overflowing; effusive. [R.]
A pen so scaturient and unretentive. Sir W. Scott.

Scaturiginous

Scat`u*rig"i*nous (?), a. [L. skaturiginosus, fr. scaturigo gushing water. See Scaturient.] Abounding with springs. [Obs.]

Scaup

Scaup (?), n. [See Scalp a bed of oysters or mussels.]

1. A bed or stratum of shellfish; scalp. [Scot.]

2. (Zo\'94l.) A scaup duck. See below. Scaup duck (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of northern ducks of the genus Aythya, or Fuligula. The adult males are, in large part, black. The three North American species are: the greater scaup duck (Aythya marila, var. nearctica), called also broadbill, bluebill, blackhead, flock duck, flocking fowl, and raft duck; the lesser scaup duck (A. affinis), called also little bluebill, river broadbill, and shuffler; the tufted, or ring-necked, scaup duck (A. collaris), called also black jack, ringneck, ringbill, ringbill shuffler, etc. See Illust. of Ring-necked, under Ring-necked. The common European scaup, or mussel, duck (A.marila), closely resembles the American variety.


Page 1285

Scauper

Scaup"er (?), n. [Cf. Scalper.] A tool with a semicircular edge, -- used by engravers to clear away the spaces between the lines of an engraving. Fairholt.

Scaur

Scaur (?), n. A precipitous bank or rock; a scar.

Scavage

Scav"age (?; 48), n. [LL. scavagium, fr. AS. sce\'a0wian to lock at to inspect. See Show.] (O.Eng. Law) A toll duty formerly exacted of merchant strangers by mayors, sheriffs, etc., for goods shown or offered for sale within their precincts. Cowell.

Scavenge

Scav"enge (?), v. t. To cleanse, as streets, from filth. C. Kingsley. <-- 2. To salvage (usable items or material) from discarded or waste material. -->

Scavenger

Scav"en*ger (?), n. [OE. scavager an officer with various duties, orginally attending to scavage, fr. OE. & E. scavage. See Scavage, Show, v.] A person whose employment is to clean the streets of a city, by scraping or sweeping, and carrying off the fifth. The name is also applied to any animal which devours refuse, carrion, or anything injurious to health. Scavenger beetle (Zo\'94l.), any beetle which feeds on decaying substances, as the carrion beetle. -- Scavanger crab (Zo\'94l.), any crab which feeds on dead animals, as the spider crab. -- Scavenger's daughter [corrupt. of Skevington's daughter], an instrument of torture invented by Sir W. Skevington, which so compressed the body as to force the blood to flow from nostrils. and sometimes from the hands and feet. Am. Cyc.

Scazon

Sca"zon (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. to limp.] (Lat. Pros.) A choliamb.

Scelerat

Scel"er*at (?), n. [F. sc\'82l\'82ra from L. sceleratus, p.p. of scelerare to pollute, from scelus, sceleris, a crime.] A villian; a criminal. [Obs.] Cheyne.

Scelestic

Sce*les"tic (?), a. [L. scelestus, from scelus wickedness.] Evil; wicked; atrocious. [Obs.] "Scelestic villainies." Feltham.

Scelet

Scel"et (?), n. [See Skeleton.] A mummy; a skeleton. [Obs.] olland.

Scena

Sce"na (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) (a) A scene in an opera. (b) An accompanied dramatic recitative, interspersed with passages of melody, or followed by a full aria. Rockstro.

Scenario

Sce*na"ri*o (?), n. [It.] A preliminary sketch of the plot, or main incidents, of an opera.

Scenary

Scen"a*ry (?), n. [Cf. L. scenarius belonging to the stage.] Scenery. [Obs.] Dryden.

Scene

Scene (?), n. [L. scaena, scena, Gr.

1. The structure on which a spectacle or play is exhibited; the part of a theater in which the acting is done, with its adjuncts and decorations; the stage.

2. The decorations and fittings of a stage, representing the place in which the action is supposed to go on; one of the slides, or other devices, used to give an appearance of reality to the action of a play; as, to paint scenes; to shift the scenes; to go behind the scenes.

3. So much of a play as passes without change of locality or time, or important change of character; hence, a subdivision of an act; a separate portion of a play, subordinate to the act, but differently determined in different plays; as, an act of four scenes.

My dismal scene I needs must act alone. Shak.

4. The place, time, circumstance, etc., in which anything occurs, or in which the action of a story, play, or the like, is laid; surroundings amid which anything is set before the imagination; place of occurence, exhibition, or action. "In Troy, there lies the scene." Shak.

The world is a vast scene of strife. J. M. Mason.

5. An assemblage of objects presented to the view at once; a series of actions and events exhibited in their connection; a spectacle; a show; an exhibition; a view.

Through what new scenes and changes must we pass! Addison.

6. A landscape, or part of a landscape; scenery.

A sylvan scene with various greens was drawn, Shades on the sides, and in the midst a lawn. Dryden.

7. An exhibition of passionate or strong feeling before others; often, an artifical or affected action, or course of action, done for effect; a theatrical display.

Probably no lover of scenes would have had very long to wait De Quincey.
Behind the scenes, behind the scenery of a theater; out of the view of the audience, but in sight of the actors, machinery, etc.; hence, conversant with the hidden motives and agencies of what appears to public view.

Scene

Scene, v. t. To exhibit as a scene; to make a scene of; to display. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.

Sceneful

Scene"ful (?), a. Having much scenery. [R.]

Sceneman

Scene"man (?), n.; pl. Scenemen (. The man who manages the movable scenes in a theater.

Scenery

Scen"er*y (?), n.

1. Assemblage of scenes; the scenes of a play; the disposition and arrangement of the scenes in which the action of a play, poem, etc., is laid; representation of place of action or occurence.

2. Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination of natural views, as woods, hills, etc.

Never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery. W. Irving.

Sceneshifter

Scene"shift`er (?), n. One who moves the scenes in a theater; a sceneman.

Scenic, Scenical

Scen"ic (?), Scen"ic*al (?), a. [L. scaenicus, scenicus, Gr. sc\'82nique. See Scene.] Of or pertaining to scenery; of the nature of scenery; theatrical.
All these situations communicate a scenical animation to the wild romance, if treated dramatically. De Quincey.

Scenograph

Scen"o*graph (?), n. [See Scenography.] A perspective representation or general view of an object.

Scenographic, Scenographical

Scen`o*graph"ic (?), Scen`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sc\'82nographique, Gr. Of or pertaining to scenography; drawn in perspective. -- Scen`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Scenography

Sce*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [L. scenographia, Gr. sc\'82nographie.] The art or act of representing a body on a perspective plane; also, a representation or description of a body, in all its dimensions, as it appears to the eye. Greenhill.

Scent

Scent (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scented; p. pr. & vb. n. Scenting.] [Originally sent, fr. F. sentir to feel, to smell. See Sense.]

1. To perceive by the olfactory organs; to smell; as, to scent game, as a hound does.

Methinks I scent the morning air. Shak.

2. To imbue or fill with odor; to perfume.

Balm from a silver box distilled around, Shall all bedew the roots, and scent the sacred ground. Dryden.

Scent

Scent, v. i.

1. To have a smell. [Obs.]

Thunderbolts . . . do scent strongly of brimstone. Holland.

2. To hunt animals by means of the sense of smell.

Scent

Scent, n.

1. That which, issuing from a body, affects the olfactory organs of animals; odor; smell; as, the scent of an orange, or of a rose; the scent of musk.

With lavish hand diffuses scents ambrosial. prior.

2. Specifically, the odor left by an animal on the ground in passing over it; as, dogs find or lose the scent; hence, course of pursuit; track of discovery.

He gained the observations of innumerable ages, and traveled upon the same scent into Ethiopia. Sir W. Temple.

3. The power of smelling; the sense of smell; as, a hound of nice scent; to divert the scent. I. Watts.

Scentful

Scent"ful (?), a.

1. Full of scent or odor; odorous. "A scentful nosegay." W. Browne.

2. Of quick or keen smell.

The scentful osprey by the rock had fished. W. Browne.

Scentingly

Scent"ing*ly (?), adv. By scent. [R.] Fuller.

Scentless

Scent"less, a. Having no scent.
The scentless and the scented rose. Cowper.

Scepsis

Scep"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. skepsis. See Skeptic.] Skepticism; skeptical philosophy. [R.]
Among their products were the system of Locke, the scepsis of Hume, the critical philosophy of kant. J. martineau.

Scepter, Sceptre

Scep"ter, Scep"tre (?), n. [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]

1. A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace.

And the king held out Esther the golden scepter that was in his hand. Esther v. 2.

2. Hence, royal or imperial power or authority; sovereignty; as, to assume the scepter.

The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shilon come. Gen. xlix. 10.

Scepter, Sceptre

Scep"ter, Scep"tre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sceptered (?) or Sceptred (p. pr. & vb. n.
Sceptering (?) or Sceptring (.] To endow with the scepter, or emblem of authority; to invest with royal authority.
To Britain's queen the sceptered suppliant bends. Tickell.

Scepterellate

Scep`ter*el"late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a straight shaft with whorls of spines; -- said of certain sponge spicules. See Illust. under Spicule.

Scepterless, Sceptreless

Scep"ter*less, Scep"tre*less, a. Having no scepter; without authority; powerless; as, a scepterless king.

Sceptic, Sceptical, Scepticism

Scep"tic (?), Scep"tic*al, Scep"ti*cism,etc. See Skeptic, Skeptical, Skepticism, etc.

Sceptral

Scep"tral (?), a. Of or pertaining to a scepter; like a scepter.

Scern

Scern (?), v. t. To discern; to perceive. [Obs.]

Schade

Schade (?), n. Shade; shadow. [Obs.] &hand; English words now beginning with sh, like shade, were formerly often spelled with a c between the s and h; as, schade; schame; schape; schort, etc.

Schah

Schah (?), n. See Shah.

Schediasm

Sche"di*asm (?), n. [Gr. Cursory writing on a loose sheet. [R.]

Schedule

Sched"ule (?; in England commonly ?; 277), n. [F. c\'82dule, formerly also spelt schedule, L. schedula, dim. of scheda, scida, a strip of papyrus bark, a leaf of paper; akin to (or perh. from) Gr. scindere to cleave, Gr. Schism, and cf. Cedule.] A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc. <-- 2. Timetable, esp. a list of times at which a conveyance is expected to arrive or leave. 3. Program, a list of items which will occur during an event, usu. with the expected time for each item. 4. Agenda. --> Syn. -- Catalogue; list; inventory. see List.

Schedule

Sched"ule, v. t. To form into, or place in, a schedule.

Scheele's green

Scheele's" green` (?). [See Scheelite.] (Chem.) See under Green.

Scheelin

Scheel"in (?), n. (Chem.) Scheelium. [Obs.]

Scheelite

Scheel"ite (, n. [From C.W.Scheele, a Swedish chemist.] (Min.) Calcium tungstate, a mineral of a white or pale yellowish color and of the tetragonal system of crystallization.

Scheelium

Schee"li*um (?), n. [NL. From C.W.Scheele, who discovered it.] (Chem.) The metal tungsten. [Obs.]

Scheik

Scheik (sh&emac;k ∨ sh&amac;k), n. See Sheik.

Schelly

Schel"ly (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The powan. [Prov. Eng.]

Schema

Sche"ma (?), n.; pl. Schemata (#), E. Schemas (#). [G. See Scheme.] (Kantian Philos.) An outline or image universally applicable to a general conception, under which it is likely to be presented to the mind; as, five dots in a line are a schema of the number five; a preceding and succeeding event are a schema of cause and effect.

Schematic

Sche*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. Gr. Of or pertaining to a scheme or a schema.

Schematism

Sche"ma*tism (?), n. [Cf. F. sch\'82matisme (cf. L. schematismos florid speech), fr. Gr. Scheme.]

1. (Astrol.) Combination of the aspects of heavenly bodies.

2. Particular form or disposition of a thing; an exhibition in outline of any systematic arrangement. [R.]

Schematist

Sche"ma*tist (?), n. One given to forming schemes; a projector; a schemer. Swift.

Schematize

Sche"ma*tize (?), v. i. [Cf. F. sch\'82matiser, Gr. To form a scheme or schemes.

Scheme

Scheme (?), n. [L. schema a rhetorical figure, a shape, figure, manner, Gr. sah to be victorious, to endure, to hold out, AS. sige victory, G. sieg. Cf. Epoch, Hectic, School.]

1. A combination of things connected and adjusted by design; a system.

The appearance and outward scheme of things. Locke.
Such a scheme of things as shall at once take in time and eternity. Atterbury.
Arguments . . . sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral philosophy. J. Edwards.
The Revolution came and changed his whole scheme of life. Macaulay.

2. A plan or theory something to be done; a design; a project; as, to form a scheme.

The stoical scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our desires, is like cuttig off our feet when we want shoes. Swift.

3. Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an outline.

To draw an exact scheme of Constantinople, or a map of France. South.

4. (Astrol.) A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment o at a given event.

A blue case, from which was drawn a scheme of nativity. Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- Plan; project; contrivance; purpose; device; plot. -- Scheme, Plan. Scheme and plan are subordinate to design; they propose modes of carrying our designs into effect. Scheme is the least definite of the two, and lies more in speculation. A plan is drawn out into details with a view to being carried into effect. As schemes are speculative, they often prove visionary; hence the opprobrious use of the words schemer and scheming. Plans, being more practical, are more frequently carried into effect.
He forms the well-concerted scheme of mischief; 'T is fixed, 't is done, and both are doomed to death. Rowe.
Artists and plans relieved my solemn hours; I founded palaces, and planted bowers. prior.

Scheme

Scheme, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scheming.] To make a scheme of; to plan; to design; to project; to plot.
That wickedness which schemed, and executed, his destruction. G. Stuart.

Scheme

Scheme, v. i. To form a scheme or schemes.

Schemeful

Scheme"ful (?), a. Full of schemes or plans.

Schemer

Schem"er (?), n. One who forms schemes; a projector; esp., a plotter; an intriguer.
Schemers and confederates in guilt. Paley.

Scheming

Schem"ing, a. Given to forming schemes; artful; intriguing. -- Schem"ing*ly, adv.

Schemist

Schem"ist, n. A schemer. [R.] Waterland.

Schene

Schene (?), n. [L. schoenus, Gr. sch\'8ane.] (Antiq.) An Egyptian or Persian measure of length, varying from thirthy-two to sixty stadia.

Schenkbeer

Schenk"beer` (?), n. [G. schenkbier; schenken to pour out + bier beer; -- so called because put on draught soon after it is made.] A mild German beer.

Scherbet

Scher"bet (?), n. See Sherbet.

Scherif

Scher"if (? ∨ ?), n. See Sherif.

Scherzando

Scher*zan"do (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) In a playful or sportive manner.

Scherzo

Scher"zo (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A playful, humorous movement, commonly in 3-4 measure, which often takes the place of the old minuet and trio in a sonata or a symphony.

Schesis

Sche"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Scheme.]

1. General state or disposition of the body or mind, or of one thing with regard to other things; habitude. [Obs.] Norris.

2. (Rhet.) A figure of speech whereby the mental habitude of an adversary or opponent is feigned for the purpose of arguing against him. Crabb.

Schetic, Schetical

Schet"ic (?), Schet"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. Gr. Of or pertaining to the habit of the body; constitutional. [Obs.] Cudworth.

Schiedam

Schie*dam" (?), n. [Short for Schiedam schnapps.] Holland gin made at Schiedam in the Netherlands.

Schiller

Schil"ler (?), n. [G., play of colors.] (Min.) The peculiar bronzelike luster observed in certain minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar, etc. It is due to the presence of minute inclusions in parallel position, and in sometimes of secondary origin. Schiller spar (Min.), an altered variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a bronzelike luster.

Schilerization

Schi`ler*i*za"tion (, n. (Min.) The act or process of producing schiller in a mineral mass.

Schilling

Schil"ling (?), n. [G. See Shilling.] Any one of several small German and Dutch coins, worth from about one and a half cents to about five cents.

Schindylesis

Schin`dy*le"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) A form of articulation in which one bone is received into a groove or slit in another.

Schirrhus

Schir"rhus (?), n. See Scirrhus.

Schism

Schism (?), n. [OE. scisme, OF. cisme, scisme, F. schisme, L. schisma, Gr. scindere, Skr. child, and prob. to E. shed, v.t. (which see); cf. Rescind, Schedule, Zest.] Division or separation; specifically (Eccl.), permanent division or separation in the Christian church; breach of unity among people of the same religious faith; the offense of seeking to produce division in a church without justifiable cause.
Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by truth, and to our schisms by charity. Eikon Basilike.

Page 1286

Greek schism (Eccl.), the separation of the Greek and Roman churches. -- Great schism, ∨ Western schism (Eccl.) a schism in the church in the latter part of the 14th century, on account of rival claimants to the papal throne. -- Schism act (Law), an act of the English Parliament requiring all teachers to conform to the Established Church, -- passed in 1714, repealed in 1719.

Schisma

Schis"ma (?), n. [L., a spilt, separation, Gr. schisma. See Schism.] (Anc. Mus.) An interval equal to half a comma.

Schismatic

Schis*mat"ic (s&icr;z*m&acr;t"&icr;k; so nearly all ortho\'89pists), a. [L. schismaticus, Gr. schismatique.] Of or pertaining to schism; implying schism; partaking of the nature of schism; tending to schism; as, schismatic opinions or proposals.

Schismatic

Schis*mat"ic (?; 277), n. One who creates or takes part in schism; one who separates from an established church or religious communion on account of a difference of opinion. "They were popularly classed together as canting schismatics." Macaulay. Syn. -- Heretic; partisan. See Heretic.

Schismatical

Schis*mat"ic*al (?), a. Same as Schismatic. -- Schismat"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Schis*mat"ic*al*ness, n.

Schismatize

Schis"ma*tize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Schismatized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Schismatizing (?).] [Cf. F. schismatiser.] To make part in schism; to make a breach of communion in the church.

Schismless

Schism"less (?), a. Free from schism.

Schist

Schist (sh&icr;st), n. [Gr. schiste. See Schism.] (Geol.) Any crystalline rock having a foliated structure (see Foliation) and hence admitting of ready division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are mica schist, and hornblendic schist, consisting chiefly of quartz with mica or hornblende and often feldspar.

Schistaceous

Schis*ta"ceous (?), a. Of a slate color.

Schistic

Schist"ic (?), a. Schistose.

Schistose; 277, Schistous

Schis*tose" (?; 277), Schist*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. schisteux.] (Geol.) Of or pertaining to schist; having the structure of a schist.

Schistosity

Schis*tos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. schistosit\'82.] (Geol.) The quality or state of being schistose.

Schizo-

Schiz"o- (?). [Gr. A combining form denoting division or cleavage; as, schizogenesis, reproduction by fission or cell division.

Schizocarp

Schiz"o*carp (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. (Bot.) A dry fruit which splits at maturity into several closed one-seeded portions.

Schizoc\'d2le

Schiz"o*c\'d2le (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. (Anat.) See Enteroc\'d2le.

Schizoc\'d2lous

Schiz`o*c\'d2"lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a schizoc\'d2le.

Schizogenesis

Schiz`o*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Schizo- + genesis.] (Biol.) reproduction by fission. Haeckel.

Schizognath

Schiz"og*nath (?), n. [See Schizognathous.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bird with a schizognathous palate.

Schizognath\'91

Schi*zog"na*th\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The schizognathous birds.

Schizognathism

Schi*zog"na*thism (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) the condition of having a schizognathous palate.

Schizognathous

Schi*zog"na*thous (?), a. [Schize- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the maxillo-palatine bones separate from each other and from the vomer, which is pointed in front, as in the gulls, snipes, grouse, and many other birds.

Schizomycetes

Schiz`o*my*ce"tes (?), n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) An order of Schizophyta, including the so-called fission fungi, or bacteria. See Schizophyta, in the Supplement.

Schizonemertea

Schiz`o*ne*mer"te*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Schizo-, and Nemertes.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit along each side of the head. See Illust. in Appendix.

Schizopelmous

Schiz`o*pel"mous (?), a. [Schizo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the two flexor tendons of the toes entirely separate, and the flexor hallicus going to the first toe only.

Schizophyte

Schiz"o*phyte (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. (Biol.) One of a class of vegetable organisms, in the classification of Cohn, which includes all of the inferior forms that multiply by fission, whether they contain chlorophyll or not.

Schizopod

Schiz"o*pod (?; 277), n. (Zo\'94l.) one of the Schizopoda. Also used adjectively.

Schizopod; 277, Schizopodous

Schiz"o*pod (?; 277), Schi*zop"o*dous (?), a. Of or pertaining to a schizopod, or the Schizopoda.

Schizopoda

Schi*zop"o*da (?), n. pl., [NL. See Schizo-, and -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic legs has a long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.

Scizorhinal

Sciz`o*rhi"nal (?), a. [Schizo- + rhinal.]

1. (Anat.) Having the nasal bones separate.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior nostrils prolonged backward in the form of a slit.

Schlich

Schlich (?), n. [G.; akin to LG. slik mud, D. slijk, MHG. sl.] (Metal.) The finer portion of a crushed ore, as of gold, lead, or tin, separated by the water in certain wet processes. [Written also slich, slick.]

Schmelze

Schmel"ze (?), n. [G. schmelz, schmelzglas.] A kind of glass of a red or ruby color, made in Bohemia.

Schnapps

Schnapps (?), n. [G., a dram of spirits.] Holland gin. [U.S.]

Schneiderian

Schnei*de"ri*an (, a. (Anat.) Discovered or described by C. V. Schneider, a German anatomist of the seventeenth century. Schneiderian membrane, the mucous membrane which lines the nasal chambers; the pituitary membrane.

Schoharie grit

Scho*har"ie grit` (?). (Geol.) The formation belonging to the middle of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous period in the American Devonian system; -- so called from Schoharie, in New York, where it occurs. See the Chart of Geology.

Scholar

Schol"ar (?), n. [OE. scoler, AS. sc&omac;lere, fr. L. scholaris belonging to a school, fr. schola a school. See School.]

1. One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a student.

I am no breeching scholar in the schools. Shak.

2. One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a learned person; one versed in many branches, of knowledge; a person of high literary or scientific attainments; a savant. Shak. Locke.

3. A man of books. Bacon.

4. In English universities, an undergraduate who belongs to the foundation of a college, and receives support in part from its revenues. Syn. -- Pupil; learner; disciple. -- Scholar, Pupil. Scholar refers to the instruction, and pupil to the care and government, of a teacher. A scholar is one who is under instruction; a pupil is one who is under the immediate and personal care of an instructor; hence we speak of a bright scholar, and an obedient pupil.

Scholarity

Scho*lar"i*ty (?), n. [OF. scholarit\'82, or LL. scholaritias.] Scholarship. [Obs.] . Jonson.

Scholarlike

Schol"ar*like` (?), a. Scholarly. Bacon.

Scholarly

Schol"ar*ly, a. Like a scholar, or learned person; showing the qualities of a scholar; as, a scholarly essay or critique. -- adv. In a scholarly manner.

Scholarship

Schol"ar*ship, n.

1. The character and qualities of a scholar; attainments in science or literature; erudition; learning.

A man of my master's . . . great scholarship. Pope.

2. Literary education. [R.]

Any other house of scholarship. Milton.

3. Maintenance for a scholar; a foundation for the support of a student. T. Warton. Syn. -- Learning; erudition; knowledge.

Scholastic

Scho*las"tic (?), a. [L. scholasticus, Gr. scholastique, scolastique. See School.]

1. Pertaining to, or suiting, a scholar, a school, or schools; scholarlike; as, scholastic manners or pride; scholastic learning. Sir K. Digby.

2. Of or pertaining to the schoolmen and divines of the Middle Ages (see Schoolman); as, scholastic divinity or theology; scholastic philosophy. Locke.

3. Hence, characterized by excessive subtilty, or needlessly minute subdivisions; pedantic; formal.

Scholastic

Scho*las"tic, n.

1. One who adheres to the method or subtilties of the schools. Milton.

2. (R.C.Ch.) See the Note under Jesuit.

Scholastical

Scho*las"tic*al (?), a. & n. Scholastic.

Scholastically

Scho*las"tic*al*ly, adv. In a scholastic manner.

Scholasticism

Scho*las"ti*cism (?), n. The method or subtitles the schools of philosophy; scholastic formality; scholastic doctrines or philosophy.
The spirit of the old scholasticism . . . spurned laborious investigation and slow induction. J. P. Smith.

Scholia

Scho"li*a (?), n. pl. See Scholium.

Scholiast

Scho"li*ast (?), n. [Gr. scoliate. See Scholium.] A maker of scholia; a commentator or annotator.
No . . . quotations from Talmudists and scholiasts . . . ever marred the effect of his grave temperate discourses. Macaulay.

Scholiastic

Scho`li*as"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a scholiast, or his pursuits. Swift.

Scholiaze

Scho"li*aze (?), v. i. [Cf. Gr. To write scholia. [Obs.] Milton.

Scholical

Schol"ic*al (?), a. [L. scholicus, Gr. School.] Scholastic. [Obs.] ales.

Scholion

Scho"li*on (?), n. [NL.] A scholium.
A judgment which follows immediately from another is sometimes called a corollary, or consectary . . . One which illustrates the science where it appears, but is not an integral part of it, is a scholion. Abp. Thomson (Laws of Thought).

Scholium

Scho"li*um (?), n.; pl. L. Scholia (#), E. Scholiums (#). [NL., fr. Gr. School.]

1. Marginal anotation; an explanatory remark or comment; specifically, an explanatory comment on the text of a classic author by an early grammarian.

2. A remark or observation subjoined to a demonstration or a train of reasoning.

Scholy

Scho"ly (?), n. A scholium. [Obs.] Hooker.

Scholy

Scho"ly (?), v. i. & t. To write scholia; to annotate. [Obs.]

School

School (?), n. [For shool a crowd; prob. confuced with school for learning.] A shoal; a multitude; as, a school of fish.

School

School, n. [OE. scole, AS. sc, L. schola, Gr. Scheme.]

1. A place for learned intercourse and instruction; an institution for learning; an educational establishment; a place for acquiring knowledge and mental training; as, the school of the prophets.

Disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus. Acts xix. 9.

2. A place of primary instruction; an establishment for the instruction of children; as, a primary school; a common school; a grammar school.

As he sat in the school at his primer. Chaucer.

3. A session of an institution of instruction.

How now, Sir Hugh! No school to-day? Shak.

4. One of the seminaries for teaching logic, metaphysics, and theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and which were characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of reasoning.

At Cambridge the philosophy of Descartes was still dominant in the schools. Macaulay.

5. The room or hall in English universities where the examinations for degrees and honors are held.

6. An assemblage of scholars; those who attend upon instruction in a school of any kind; a body of pupils.

What is the great community of Christians, but one of the innumerable schools in the vast plan which God has instituted for the education of various intelligences? Buckminster.

7. The disciples or followers of a teacher; those who hold a common doctrine, or accept the same teachings; a sect or denomination in philosophy, theology, science, medicine, politics, etc.

Let no man be less confident in his faith . . . by reason of any difference in the several schools of Christians. Jer. Taylor.

8. The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age; as, he was a gentleman of the old school.

His face pale but striking, though not handsome after the schools. A. S. Hardy.

9. Figuratively, any means of knowledge or discipline; as, the school of experience. Boarding school, Common school, District school, Normal school, etc. See under Boarding, Common, District, etc. -- High school, a free public school nearest the rank of a college. [U.S.] -- School board, a corporation established by law in every borough or parish in England, and elected by the burgesses or ratepayers, with the duty of providing public school accomodation for all children in their dictrict. -- School commitee, School board, an elected commitee of citizens having charge and care of the public schools in any district, town, or city, and responsible control of the money appropriated for school purposes. [U.S.] -- School days, the period in which youth are sent to school. -- School district, a division of a town or city for establishing and conducting schools. [U.S.] -- Sunday school, ∨ Sabbath school, a school held on Sunday for study of the Bible and for religious instruction; the pupils, or the teachers and pupils, of such a school, collectively.

School

School, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schooled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Schooling.]

1. To train in an institution of learning; to educate at a school; to teach.

He's gentle, never schooled, and yet learned. Shak.

2. To tutor; to chide and admonish; to reprove; to subject to systematic disciplene; to train.

It now remains for you to school your child, And ask why God's Anointed be reviled. Dryden.
The mother, while loving her child with the intensity of a sole affection, had schooled herself to hope for little other return than the waywardness of an April breeze. Hawthorne.

Schoolbook

School"book` (?), n. A book used in schools for learning lessons.

Schoolboy

School"boy` (?), n. A boy belonging to, or attending, a school.

Schooldame

School"dame` (?). n. A schoolmistress.

Schoolery

School"er*y (, n. Something taught; precepts; schooling. [Obs.] penser.

Schoolfellow

School"fel`low (?), n. One bred at the same school; an associate in school.

Schoolgirl

School"girl` (?), n. A girl belonging to, or attending, a school.

Schoolhouse

School"house` (?), n. A house appropriated for the use of a school or schools, or for instruction.<-- a building used for schooling, esp. one used as an elementary school; usu. small, and usu. constructed specifically for that purpose. -->

Schooling

School"ing, n.

1. Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of learning; act of teaching.

2. Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave his son a good schooling. Sir W. Scott.

3. Compensation for instruction; price or reward paid to an instructor for teaching pupils.

Schooling

School"ing, a. [See School a shoal.] (Zo\'94l.) Collecting or running in schools or shoals.<-- used of fish -->
Schooling species like the herring and menhaden. G. B. Goode.

Schoolma'am

School"ma'am (?), n. A schoolmistress. [Colloq.U.S.]

Schoolmaid

School"maid` (?), n. A schoolgirl. Shak.

Schoolman

School"man` (?), n.; pl. Schoolmen (. One versed in the niceties of academical disputation or of school divinity. &hand; The schoolmen were philosophers and divines of the Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the Reformation, who spent much time on points of nice and abstract speculation. They were so called because they taught in the medi\'91val universities and schools of divinity.

Schoolmaster

School"mas`ter (?), n.

1. The man who presides over and teaches a school; a male teacher of a school.

Let the soldier be abroad if he will; he can do nothing in this age. There is another personage abroad, -- a person less imposing, -- in the eyes of some, perhaps, insignificant. The schoolmaster is abroad; and I trust to him, armed with his primer, against the soldier in full military array. Brougham.

2. One who, or that which, disciplines and directs.

The law was our schoolmaster, to bring us into Christ. Gal. iii. 24.

Page 1287

Schoolmate

School"mate` (?), n. A pupil who attends the same school as another.

Schoolmistress

School"mis`tress (?), n. A woman who governs and teaches a school; a female school-teacher.

Schoolroom

School"room` (?), n. A room in which pupils are taught.

Schoolship

School"ship` (?), n. A vessel employed as a nautical training school, in which naval apprentices receive their education at the expense of the state, and are trained for service as sailors. Also, a vessel used as a reform school to which boys are committed by the courts to be disciplined, and instructed as mariners.

School-teacher

School"-teach`er (?), n. One who teaches or instructs a school. -- School"-teach`ing, n.

Schoolward

School"ward (?), adv. Toward school. Chaucer.

Schooner

Schoon"er (?), n. [See the Note below. Cf. Shun.] (Naut.) Originally, a small, sharp-built vessel, with two topsails on one or both masts and was called a topsail schooner. About 1840, longer vesels with three masts, fore-and-aft rigged, came into use, and since that time vesels with four masts and even with six masts, so rigged, are built. Schooners with more than two masts are designated three-masted schooners, four-masted schooners, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.<-- since early in the 20th century, almost all ocean commerce has been conducted on motorized ships, and such sailing ships have survived primarily as historical curiosities, or as pleasure boats. --> &hand; The fist schooner ever constructed is said to have between built in Gloucester, Massachusetts, about theyar 1713, by a Captain Andrew Robinson, and to have received its name from the following trivial circumstance: When the vessel went off the stocks into the water, a bystander cried out,"O, how she scoons!" Robinson replied, " A scooner let her be;" and, from that time, vessels thus masted and rigged have gone by this name. The word scoon is popularly used in some parts of New England to denote the act of making stones skip along the surface of water. The Scottish scon means the same thing. Both words are probably allied to the Icel. skunda, skynda, to make haste, hurry, AS. scunian to avoid, shun, Prov. E. scun. In the New England records, the word appears to have been originally written scooner. Babson, in his "History of Gloucester," gives the following extract from a letter written in that place Sept. 25, 1721, by Dr. Moses Prince, brother of the Rev. Thomas Prince, the annalist of New England: "This gentleman (Captain Robinson) was first contriver of schooners, and built the first of that sort about eight years since."

Schooner

Schoon"er, n. [D.] A large goblet or drinking glass, -- used for lager beer or ale. [U.S.]

Schorl

Schorl (sh\'93rl), n. [G. sch\'94rl; cf. Sw. sk\'94rl.] (Min.) Black tourmaline. [Written also shorl.]

Schorlaceous

Schor*la"ceous (?), a. Partaking of the nature and character of schorl; resembling schorl.

Schorlous

Schorl"ous (?), a. Schorlaceous.

Schorly

Schorl"y> (, a. Pertaining to, or containing, schorl; as, schorly granite.

Schottish, Schottische

Schot"tish, Schot"tische, (, n. [F. schottish, schotisch from G. schottisch Scottish, Scotch.] A Scotch round dance in 2-4 time, similar to the polka, only slower; also, the music for such a dance; -- not to be confounded with the \'90cossaise.

Schreibersite

Schrei"bers*ite (?), n. [Named after Carl von Schreibers, of Vienna.] (Min.) A mineral occurring in steel-gray flexible folia. It contains iron, nickel, and phosphorus, and is found only in meteoric iron.

Schrode

Schrode (?), n. See Scrod.

Schwan's sheath

Schwan's" sheath` (?). [So called from Theodor Schwann, a German anatomist of the 19th century.] (Anat.) The neurilemma.

Schwann's white substance

Schwann's white" sub"stance (?). (Anat.) The substance of the medullary sheath.

Schwanpan

Schwan"pan` (?), n. Chinese abacus.

Schweitzerk\'84se

Schweit"zer*k\'84"se (?), n. [G. schweizerk\'84se Swiss cheese.] Gruy\'8are cheese.

Schwenkfelder, Schwenkfeldian

Schwenk"feld`er (?), Schwenk"feld`i*an (?), n. A member of a religious sect founded by Kaspar von Schwenkfeld, a Silesian reformer who disagreed with Luther, especially on the deification of the body of Christ.

Sci\'91noid

Sci*\'91"noid (?), a. [L. sci\'91na a kind of fish (fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Sci\'91nid\'91, a family of marine fishes which includes the meagre, the squeteague, and the kingfish.

Sciagraph

Sci"a*graph (?), n. [See Sciagraphy.]

1. (Arch.) An old term for a vertical section of a building; -- called also sciagraphy. See Vertical section, under Section.

2. (Phys.) A radiograph. [Written also skiagraph.]

Sciagraphical

Sci`a*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sciagraphique, Gr. Pertaining to sciagraphy. -- Sci`a*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Sciagraphy

Sci*ag"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. sciagraphie.]

1. The art or science of projecting or delineating shadows as they fall in nature. Gwilt.

2. (Arch.) Same as Siagraph.

Sciamachy

Sci*am"a*chy (?), n. See Sciomachy.

Sciatheric, Sciatherical

Sci`a*ther"ic (?), Sci`a*ther"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Belonging to a sundial. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. -- Sci`a*ther"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.] J. Gregory.

Sciatic

Sci*at"ic (?), a. [F. sciatique, LL. sciaticus, from L. inschiadicus, Gr. Ischiadic.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the hip; in the region of, or affecting, the hip; ischial; ischiatic; as, the sciatic nerve, sciatic pains.

Sciatic

Sci*at"ic, n. [Cf. F. sciatique.] (Med.) Sciatica.

Sciatica

Sci*at"i*ca (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, an affection characterized by paroxysmal attacks of pain in the buttock, back of the thing, or in the leg or foot, following the course of the branches of the sciatic nerve. The name is also popularly applied to various painful affections of the hip and the parts adjoininhg. See Ischiadic passion, under Ischiadic.

Sciatical

Sci*at"ic*al (?), a. (Anat.) Sciatic.

Sciaticly

Sci*at"ic*ly, adv. With, or by means of, sciatica.

Scibboleth

Scib"bo*leth (?), n. Shibboleth. [Obs.]

Science

Sci"ence (?), n. [F., fr. L. scientia, fr. sciens, -entis, p.pr. of scire to know. Cf. Conscience, Conscious, Nice.]

1. Knowledge; lnowledge of principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts.

If we conceive God's or science, before the creation, to be extended to all and every part of the world, seeing everything as it is, . . . his science or sight from all eternity lays no necessity on anything to come to pass. Hammond.
Shakespeare's deep and accurate science in mental philosophy. Coleridge.

2. Accumulated and established knowledge, which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws; knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical knowledge.

All this new science that men lere [teach]. Chaucer.
Science is . . . a complement of cognitions, having, in point of form, the character of logical perfection, and in point of matter, the character of real truth. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. Especially, such knowledge when it relates to the physical world and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and forces of matter, the qualities and function of living tissues, etc.; -- called also natural science, and physical science.

Voltaire hardly left a single corner of the field entirely unexplored in science, poetry, history, philosophy. J. Morley.

4. Any branch or departament of systematized knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or object of study; as, the science of astronomy, of chemistry, or of mind. &hand; The ancients reckoned seven sciences, namely, grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- the first three being included in the Trivium, the remaining four in the Quadrivium.

Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven, And though no science, fairly worth the seven. Pope.

5. Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the result of knowledge of laws and principles.

His science, coolness, and great strength. G. A. Lawrence.
&hand; Science is applied or pure. Applied science is a knowledge of facts, events, or phenomena, as explained, accounted for, or produced, by means of powers, causes, or laws. Pure science is the knowledge of these powers, causes, or laws, considered apart, or as pure from all applications. Both these terms have a similar and special signification when applied to the science of quantity; as, the applied and pure mathematics. Exact science is knowledge so systematized that prediction and verification, by measurement, experiment, observation, etc., are possible. The mathematical and physical sciences are called the exact sciences. Comparative sciences, Inductive sciences. See under Comparative, and Inductive. Syn. -- Literature; art; knowledge. -- Science, Literature, Art. Science is literally knowledge, but more usually denotes a systematic and orderly arrangement of knowledge. In a more distinctive sense, science embraces those branches of knowledge of which the subject-matter is either ultimate principles, or facts as explained by principles or laws thus arranged in natural order. The term literature sometimes denotes all compositions not embraced under science, but usually confined to the belles-lettres. [See Literature.] Art is that which depends on practice and skill in performance. "In science, scimus ut sciamus; in art, scimus ut producamus. And, therefore, science and art may be said to be investigations of truth; but one, science, inquires for the sake of knowledge; the other, art, for the sake of production; and hence science is more concerned with the higher truths, art with the lower; and science never is engaged, as art is, in productive application. And the most perfect state of science, therefore, will be the most high and accurate inquiry; the perfection of art will be the most apt and efficient system of rules; art always throwing itself into the form of rules." Karslake.

Science

Sci"ence, v. t. To cause to become versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct. [R.] Francis.

Scient

Sci"ent (?), a. [L. sciens, -entis, p.pr.] Knowing; skillful. [Obs.] Cockeram.

Scienter

Sci*en"ter (?), adv. [L.] (Law) Knowingly; willfully. Bouvier.

Sciential

Sci*en"tial (?), a. [LL. scientialis, fr. L. scientic.] Pertaining to, or producing, science. [R.] Milton.

Scientific

Sci`en*tif"ic (?), a. [F. scientifique; L. scientia science + facere to make.]

1. Of or pertaining to science; used in science; as, scientific principles; scientific apparatus; scientific observations.

2. Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules or principles of science; as, a scientific classification; a scientific arrangement of fossils.

3. Having a knowledge of science, or of a science; evincing science or systematic knowledge; as, a scientific chemist; a scientific reasoner; a scientific argument.

Bossuet is as scientific in the structure of his sentences. Lander.
Scientific method, the method employed in exact science and consisting of: (a) Careful and abundant observation and experiment. (b) generalization of the results into formulated "Laws" and statements.

Scientifical

Sci`en*tif"ic*al (?), a. Scientific. Locke.

Scientifically

Sci`en*tif"ic*al*ly, adv. In a scientific manner; according to the rules or principles of science.
It is easier to believe than to be scientifically instructed. Locke.

Scientist

Sci"en*tist (?), n. One learned in science; a scientific investigator; one devoted to scientific study; a savant. [Recent] &hand; Twenty years ago I ventured to propose one [a name for the class of men who give their lives to scientific study] which has been slowly finding its way to general adoption; and the word scientist, though scarcely euphonious, has gradually assumed its place in our vocabulary. B. A. Gould (Address, 1869). <-- MW10 gives 1834 as first ref. date. -->

Scilicet

Scil"i*cet (?), adv. [L., fr. scire licet you may know.] To wit; namely; videlicet; -- often abbreviated to sc., or ss.

Scillain

Scil"la*in (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside extracted from squill (Scilla) as a light porous substance.

Scillitin

Scil"li*tin (?), n. [Cf. F. scilistine.] (Chem.) A bitter principle extracted from the bulbs of the squill (Scilla), and probably consisting of a complex mixture of several substances.

Scimiter, Scimitar

Scim"i*ter , Scim"i*tar (?), n. [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra, Sp. cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarry with a sharp edge; or corrupted from Per. shimsh\'c6r.]

1. A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians. [Written also cimeter, and scymetar.]

2. A long-handled billhook. See Billhook. Scimiter pods (Bot.), the immense curved woody pods of a leguminous woody climbing plant (Entada scandens) growing in tropical India and America. They contain hard round flattish seeds two inches in diameter, which are made into boxes.

Scincoid

Scin"coid (?), a. [L. scincus a kind of lizard (fr. Gr. -oid. Cf. Skink.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the family Scincid\'91, or skinks. -- n. A scincoidian.

Scincoidea

Scin*coi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of lizards including the skinks. See Skink.

Scincoidian

Scin*coid"i*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of lizards of the family Scincid\'91 or tribe Scincoidea. The tongue is not extensile. The body and tail are covered with overlapping scales, and the toes are margined. See Illust. under Skink.

Sciniph

Scin"iph (?), n. [L. scinifes, cinifes, or ciniphes, pl., Gr. Some kind of stinging or biting insect, as a flea, a gnat, a sandly, or the like. Ex. viii. 17 (Douay version).

Scink

Scink (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A skink.

Scink

Scink (?), n. A slunk calf. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Scintilla

Scin*til"la (?), n. [L.] A spark; the least particle; an iota; a tittle. R. North.

Scintillant

Scin"til*lant (?), a. [L. scintillans, p.pr. of scintillare to sparkle. See Scintillate.] Emitting sparks, or fine igneous particles; sparkling. M. Green.

Scintillate

Scin"til*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scintillated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scintillating.] [L. scintillare, scintillatum, from scintilla a spark. Cf. Stencil.]

1. To emit sparks, or fine igneous particles.

As the electrical globe only scintillates when rubbed against its cushion. Sir W. Scott.

2. To sparkle, as the fixed stars.

Scintillation

Scin`til*la"tion (?), n. [L. scintillatio: cf. F. scintillation.]

1. The act of scintillating.

2. A spark of flash emitted in scintillating.

These scintillations are . . . the inflammable effluences discharged from the bodies collided. Sir T. Browne.

Scintillous

Scin"til*lous (?), a. Scintillant. [R.]

Scintillously

Scin"til*lous*ly, adv. In a scintillant manner. [R.]

Sciography

Sci*og"ra*phy (?), n. See Sciagraphy.

Sciolism

Sci"o*lism (?), n. [See Sciolist.] The knowledge of a sciolist; superficial knowledge.

Sciolist

Sci"o*list (?), n. [L. sciolus. See Sciolous.] One who knows many things superficially; a pretender to science; a smatterer.
These passages in that book were enough to humble the presumption of our modern sciolists, if their pride were not as great as their ignorance. Sir W. Temple.
A master were lauded and scolists shent. R. Browning.

Sciolistic

Sci`o*lis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to sciolism, or a sciolist; partaking of sciolism; resembling a sciolist.

Sciolous

Sci"o*lous (?), a. [L. scilus, dim. of scius knowing, fr. scire to know. See Science.] Knowing superficially or imperfectly. Howell.

Sciomachy

Sci*om"a*chy (?), n. [Gr. sciomachie, sciamachie.] A fighting with a shadow; a mock contest; an imaginary or futile combat. [Written also scimachy.] Cowley.

Sciomancy

Sci"o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy: cf. F. sciomance, scaimancie.] Divination by means of shadows.

Scion

Sci"on (?), n. [OF. cion, F. scion, probably fron scier to saw, fr. L. secare to cut. Cf. Section.]

1. (Bot.) (a) A shoot or sprout of a plant; a sucker. (b) A piece of a slender branch or twig cut for grafting. [Formerly written also cion, and cyon.]

2. Hence, a descendant; an heir; as, a scion of a royal stock.

Scioptic

Sci*op"tic (?), a. [Gr. scioptique. See Optic.] (Opt.) Of or pertaining to an optical arrangement for forming images in a darkened room, usually called scioptic ball. Scioptic ball (Opt.), the lens of a camera obscura mounted in a wooden ball which fits a socket in a window shutter so as to be readily turned, like the eye, to different parts of the landscape.

Sciopticon

Sci*op"ti*con (?), n. [NL. See Scioptic.] A kind of magic lantorn.

Scioptics

Sci*op"tics (?), n. The art or process of exhibiting luminous images, especially those of external objects, in a darkened room, by arrangements of lenses or mirrors.

Scioptric

Sci*op"tric (?), a. (Opt.) Scioptic.

Sciot

Sci"ot (?), a. Of or pertaining to the island Scio (Chio or Chios). -- n. A native or inhabitant of Scio. [Written also Chiot.]

Sciotheric

Sci`o*ther"ic (?), a. [Cf. L. sciothericon Sciatheric.] Of or pertaining to a sundial. Sciotheric telescope (Dialing), an instrument consisting of a horizontal dial, with a telescope attached to it, used for determining the time, whether of day or night.

Scious

Sci"ous (?), a. [L. scius.] Knowing; having knowledge. "Brutes may be and are scious." Coleridge.
Page 1288

Scire facias

Sci`re fa"ci*as (?). [L., do you cause to know.] (Law) A judicial writ, founded upon some record, and requiring the party proceeded against to show cause why the party bringing it should not have advantage of such record, or (as in the case of scire facias to repeal letters patent) why the record should not be annulled or vacated. Wharton. Bouvier.

Scirrhoid

Scir"rhoid (?), a. [Scirhus + -oid.] Resembling scirrhus. Dungliston.

Scirrhosity

Scir*rhos"i*ty (?), n. (Med.) A morbid induration, as of a gland; stste of being scirrhous.

Scirrhous

Scir"rhous (?), a. [NL. scirrhosus.] (Med.) Proceeding from scirrhus; of the nature of scirrhus; indurated; knotty; as, scirrhous affections; scirrhous disease. [Written also skirrhous.]

Scirrhus

Scir"rhus (?), n.; pl. L. Scirrhi (#), E. Scirrhuses (#). [NL., from L. scirros, Gr. (Med.) (a) An indurated organ or part; especially, an indurated gland. [Obs.] (b) A cancerous tumor which is hard, translucent, of a gray or bluish color, and emits a creaking sound when incised. [Sometimes incorrectly written schirrus; written also skirrhus.]

Sciscitation

Scis`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L. sciscitatio, fr. sciscere to seek to know, v. incho. from scire to know.] The act of inquiring; inquiry; demand. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Scise

Scise (?), v. i. [L. scindere, scissum, to cut, split.] To cut; to penetrate. [Obs.]
The wicked steel scised deep in his right side. Fairfax.

Scissel

Scis"sel (?), n. [Cf. Scissile.]

1. The clippings of metals made in various mechanical operations.

2. The slips or plates of metal out of which circular balnks have been cut for the purpose of coinage.

Scissible

Scis"si*ble (?), a. [L. scindere, scissum, to Capable of being cut or divided by a sharp instrument. [R.] con.

Scissil

Scis"sil (?), n. See Scissel.

Scissile

Scis"sile (?), a. [L. scissilis, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, to split: cf. F. scissile. See Schism.] Capable of being cut smoothly; scissible. [R.] Arbuthnot.

Scission

Scis"sion (?), n. [L. scissio, fr. scindere, scis, to cut, to split: cf. F. scission.] The act of dividing with an instrument having a sharp edge. Wiseman.

Scissiparity

Scis`si*par"i*ty (?), n. [L. scissus (p.p. of scindere to split) + parere to bring forth: cf.F. scissiparit\'82.] (Biol.) Reproduction by fission.

Scissor

Scis"sor (?), v. t. To cut with scissors or shears; to prepare with the aid of scissors. Massinger.

Scissors

Scis"sors (?), n. pl. [OE. sisoures, OF. cisoires (cf. F. ciseaux), probably fr. LL. cisorium a cutting instrument, fr. L. caedere to cut. Cf. Chisel, Concise. The modern spelling is due to a mistaken derivation from L. scissor one who cleaves or divides, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, spilt.] A cutting instrument resembling shears, but smaller, consisting of two cutting blades with handles, movable on a pin in the center, by which they are held together. Often called a pair of scissors. [Formerly written also cisors, cizars, and scissars.] Scissors grinder (Zo\'94l.), the European goatsucker. [Prov. Eng.]

Scissorsbill

Scis"sors*bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Skimmer.

Scissorstail

Scis"sors*tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A tyrant flycatcher (Milvulus forficatus) of the Southern United States and Mexico, which has a deeply forked tail. It is light gray above, white beneath, salmon on the flanks, and fiery red at the base of the crown feathers.

Scissors-tailed

Scis"sors-tailed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the outer feathers much the longest, the others decreasing regularly to the median ones.

Scissure

Scis"sure (?), n. [L. scissura, from scindere, scissum, to cut, spilt.] A longitudinal opening in a body, made by cutting; a cleft; a fissure. Hammond.

Scitamineous

Scit`a*min"e*ous (?; 277), a. [NL. sciamineosus, fr. Scitamineze, fr. L. scitamentum a delicacy, dainty.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Scitamime\'91), mostly tropical herbs, including the ginger, Indian shot, banana, and the plants producing turmeric and arrowroot.

Sciurine

Sci"u*rine (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. sciurien. See Sciurus.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Squirrel family. -- n. A rodent of the Squirrel family.

Sciuroid

Sci"u*roid (?), a. [Sciurus + -oid.] (Bot.) Resembling the tail of a squirrel; -- generally said of branches which are close and dense, or of spikes of grass like barley.

Sciuromorpha

Sci`u*ro*mor"pha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. sciurus squirrel + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of rodents containing the squirrels and allied animals, such as the gophers, woodchucks, beavers, and others.

Sciurus

Sci*u"rus (?), n. [L., a squirrel, Gr. Squirrel.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of reodents comprising the common squirrels.

Sclaundre

Sclaun"dre (?), n. Slander. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sclav, Sclave

Sclav (?), Sclave, n. Same as Slav.

Sclavic

Sclav"ic (?), a. Same as Slavic.

Sclavism

Sclav"ism (?), n. Same as Slavism.

Sclavonian

Scla*vo"nian (?), a. & n. Same as Slavonian.

Sclavonic

Scla*von"ic (?), a. Same as Slavonic.

Sclender

Sclen"der (?), a. Slender. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Scleragogy

Scler"a*go`gy (?), n. [Gr. Severe discipline. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.

Sclerema

Scle*re"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Induration of the cellular tissue. Sclerema of adults. See Scleroderma. -- Sclerema neonatorum ( [NL., of the newborn], an affection characterized by a peculiar hardening and rigidity of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues in the newly born. It is usually fatal. Called also skinbound disease.

Sclerenchyma

Scle*ren"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. -enchyma as in parenchyma.]

1. (Bot.) Vegetable tissue composed of short cells with thickened or hardened walls, as in nutshells and the gritty parts of a pear. See Sclerotic. &hand; By recent german writers and their English translation, this term is used for liber cells. Goodale.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The hard calcareous deposit in the tissues of Anthozoa, constituing the stony corals.

Sclerenchymatous

Scler`en*chym"a*tous (?), a. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or composed of, sclerenchyma.

Sclerenchyme

Scle*ren"chyme (?), n. Sclerenchyma.

Scleriasis

Scle*ri"a*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. gr. (Med.) (a) A morbid induration of the edge of the eyelid. (b) Induration of any part, including scleroderma.

Sclerite

Scle"rite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A hard chitinous or calcareous process or corpuscle, especially a spicule of the Alcyonaria.

Scleritis

Scle*ri"tis (?), n. [NL.] See Sclerottis.

Sclerobase

Scler"o*base (? ∨ ?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The calcareous or hornlike coral forming the central stem or axis of most compound alcyonarians; -- called also foot secretion. See Illust. under Gorgoniacea, and C\'d2nenchyma. -- Scler`o*ba"sic (#), a.

Scleroderm

Scler"o*derm (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [Gr. scl\'82roderme.] (a) (Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of plectognath fishes (Sclerodermi) having the skin covered with hard scales, or plates, as the cowfish and the trunkfish. (b) One of the Sclerodermata. (c) Hardened, or bony, integument of various animals.

Scleroderma

Scler`o*der"ma (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) A disease of adults, characterized by a diffuse rigidity and hardness of the skin.

Sclerodermata

Scler`o*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The stony corals; the Madreporaria.

Sclerodermic, Sclerodermous

Scler`o*der"mic (?), Scler`o*der"mous (?), (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having the integument, or skin, hard, or covered with hard plates. (b) Of or pertaining to the Sclerodermata.

Sclerodermite

Scler`o*der"mite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The hard integument of Crustacea. (b) Sclerenchyma.

Sclerogen

Scler"o*gen (? ∨ ?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -gen.] (Bot.) The thickening matter of woody cells; lignin.

Scleregenous

Scle*reg"e*nous (?), a. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -genous.] (Anat.) Making or secreting a hard substance; becoming hard.

Scleroid

Scle"roid (?), a. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + (Bot.) Having a hard texture, as nutshells.

Scleroma

Scle*ro"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. sklhro`s hard + -oma.] (Med.) Induration of the tissues. See Sclerma, Scleroderma, and Sclerosis.

Sclerometer

Scle*rom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -meter.] An instrument for determining with accuracy the degree of hardness of a mineral.

Sclerosed

Scle*rosed" (?), a. Affected with sclerosis.

Sclerosis

Scle*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (sklhro`s hard.]

1. (Med.) Induration; hardening; especially, that form of induration produced in an organ by increase of its interstitial connective tissue.

2. (Bot.) Hardening of the cell wall by lignification. Cerebro-spinal sclerosis (Med.), an affection in which patches of hardening, produced by increase of the neuroglia and atrophy of the true nerve tissue, are found scattered throughout the brain and spinal cord. It is associated with complete or partial paralysis, a peculiar jerking tremor of the muscles, headache, and vertigo, and is usually fatal. Called also multiple, disseminated, ∨ insular, sclerosis.<-- now only multiple sclerosis, MS -->

Sclereskeleton

Scle`re*skel"e*ton (?), n. [Gr. skeleton.] (Anat.) That part of the skeleton which is developed in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses.

Scerotal

Sce*ro"tal (?), a. (Anat.) Sclerotic. -- n. The optic capsule; the sclerotic coat of the eye. Owen.

Sclerotic

Scle*rot"ic (?), a. [Gr. scl\'82rotique.]

1. Hard; firm; indurated; -- applied especially in anatomy to the firm outer coat of the eyeball, which is often cartilaginous and sometimes bony.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sclerotic coat of the eye; sclerotical.

3. (Med.) Affected with sclerosis; sclerosed. Sclerotic parenchyma (Bot.), sclerenchyma. By some writers a distinction is made, sclerotic parenchyma being applied to tissue composed of cells with the walls hardened but not thickened, and sclerenchyma to tissue composed of cells with the walls both hardened and thickened.

Sclerotic

Scle*rot"ic, n. [Cf. F. scl\'82rotique.] (Anat.) The sclerotic coat of the eye. See Illust. of Eye (d).

Sclerotic

Scle*rot"ic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from ergot or the sclerotium of a fungus growing on rye.

Sclerotical

Scle*rot"ic*al (?), a. (Anat.) Sclerotic.

Sclerotitis

Scler`o*ti"tis (?), n. [NL. See Sclerotic, and -rris.] (Med.) Inflammation of the sclerotic coat.

Sclerotium

Scle*ro"ti*um (?), n.; pl. Sclerotia (#). [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Bot.) A hardened body formed by certain fungi, as by the Claviceps purpurea, which produced ergot.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The nature or resting stage of a plasmodium.

Sclerotome

Scler"o*tome (? ∨ ?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the bony, cartilaginous, or membranous partitoins which separate the myotomes. -- Scler`o*tom"ic (#), a.

Sclerous

Scle"rous (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Hard; indurated; sclerotic.

Scoat

Scoat (?), v. t. To prop; to scotch. [Prov. Eng.]

Scobby

Scob"by (?), n. The chaffinch. [Prov. Eng.]

Scobiform

Scob"i*form (?), a. [L. scobs, or scobis, sawdust, scrapings + -form: cf. F. scobiforme.] Having the form of, or resembling, sawdust or raspings.

Scobs

Scobs, n. sing. & pl. [L. scobs, or scobis, fr. scabere to scrape.]

1. Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, metals, or other hard substance. Chambers.

2. The dross of metals.

Scoff

Scoff (?; 115), n. [OE. scof; akin to OFries. schof, OHG. scoph, Icel. skaup, and perh. to E. shove.]

1. Derision; ridicule; mockery; derisive or mocking expression of scorn, contempt, or reproach.

With scoffs, and scorns, and contumelious taunts. Shak.

2. An object of scorn, mockery, or derision.

The scoff of withered age and beardless youth. Cowper.

Scoff

Scoff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scoffed (?; 115); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoffing.] [Cf. Dan. skuffe to deceive, delude, Icel. skopa to scoff, OD. schoppen. See Scoff, n.] To show insolent ridicule or mockery; to manifest contempt by derisive acts or language; -- often with at.
Thuth from his lips prevailed with double sway, And fools who came to scoff, remained to pray. Goldsmith.
Syn. -- To sneer; mock; gibe; jeer. See Sneer.

Scoff

Scoff, v. t. To treat or address with derision; to assail scornfully; to mock at.
To scoff religion is ridiculously proud and immodest. Glanwill.

Scoffer

Scoff"er (?), n. One who scoffs. 2 Pet. iii. 3.

Scoffery

Scoff"er*y (?), n. The act of scoffing; scoffing conduct; mockery. Holinshed.

Scoffingly

Scoff"ing*ly, adv. In a scoffing manner. Broome.

Scoke

Scoke (?), n. (Bot.) Poke (Phytolacca decandra).

Scolay

Sco*lay" (?), v. i. See Scoley. [Obs.]

Scold

Scold (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scolded; p. pr. & vb. n. Scolding.] [Akin to D. schelden, G. schelten, OHG. sceltan, Dan. skielde.] To find fault or rail with rude clamor; to brawl; to utter harsh, rude, boisterous rebuke; to chide sharply or coarsely; -- often with at; as, to scold at a servant.
Pardon me, lords, 't is the first time ever I was forced to scold. Shak.

Scold

Scold, v. t. To chide with rudeness and clamor; to rate; also, to rebuke or reprove with severity.

Scold

Scold, n.

1. One who scolds, or makes a practice of scolding; esp., a rude, clamorous woman; a shrew.

She is an irksome, brawling scold. Shak.

2. A scolding; a brawl.

Scolder

Scold"er (?), n.

1. One who scolds.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The oyster catcher; -- so called from its shrill cries. (b) The old squaw. [Local U.S.]

Scolding

Scold"ing, a. & n. from Scold, v. Scolding bridle, an iron frame. See Brank, n., 2.

Scoldingly

Scold"ing*ly, adv. In a scolding manner.

Scole

Scole (?), n. School. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Scolecida

Sco*le"ci*da (? ∨ ?), n. pl. [NL. See Scolex.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Helminthes.

Scolecite

Scol"e*cite (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [Gr. (Min.) A zeolitic mineral occuring in delicate radiating groups of white crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia and lime. Called also lime mesotype.

Scolecomorpha

Sco*le`co*mor"pha (, n. pl. [NL. See Solex, -morphous.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scolecida.

Scolex

Sco"lex (?), n.; pl. Scoleces (#). [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The embryo produced directly from the egg in a metagenetic series, especially the larva of a tapeworm or other parasitic worm. See Illust. of Echinococcus. (b) One of the Scolecida.

Scoley

Sco*ley" (?), v. i. [Cf. OF. escoler to teach. See School.] To go to school; to study. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Scoliosis

Sco`li*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A lateral curvature of the spine.

Scolithus

Scol"i*thus (? ∨ ?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A tubular structure found in Potsdam sandstone, and believed to be the fossil burrow of a marine worm.

Scollop

Scol"lop (?), n. & v. See Scallop.

Scolopacine

Scol`o*pa"cine (?), a. [L. scolopax a snipe, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Scolopacid\'91, or Snipe family.

Scolopendra

Scol`o*pen"dra (?), n. [L., a kind of multiped, fr. Gr.

1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of venomous myriapods including the centipeds. See Centiped.

2. A sea fish. [R.] Spenser.

Scolopendrine

Scol`o*pen"drine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the Scolopendra.

Scolytid

Scol"y*tid (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small bark-boring beetles of the genus Scolytus and allied genera. Also used adjectively.

Scomber

Scom"ber (?), n. [L., a mackerel, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of acanthopterygious fishes which includes the common mackerel.

Scomberoid

Scom"ber*oid (?), a. & n. [Cf. F. scomn\'82ro\'8bde.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scombroid.
Page 1289

Scombriformes

Scom`bri*for"mes (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of fishes including the mackerels, tunnies, and allied fishes.

Scombroid

Scom"broid (?), a. [Scomber + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the Mackerel family. -- n. Any fish of the family Scombrid\'91, of which the mackerel (Scomber) is the type.

Scomfish

Scom"fish (? ∨ ?), v. t. & i. To suffocate or stifle; to smother. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

Scomtit

Scom"tit (?), n. & v. Discomfit. [Obs.]

Scomm

Scomm (?), n. [L. scomma a taunt, jeer, scoff, Gr.

1. A bufoon. [Obs.] L'Estrange.

2. A flout; a jeer; a gibe; a taunt. [Obs.] Fortherby.

Sconce

Sconce (?), n. [D. schans, OD. schantse, perhaps from OF. esconse a hiding place, akin to esconser to hide, L. absconsus, p. p. of abscondere. See Abscond, and cf. Ensconce, Sconce a candlestick.]

1. A fortification, or work for defense; a fort.

No sconce or fortress of his raising was ever known either to have been forced, or yielded up, or quitted. Milton.

2. A hut for protection and shelter; a stall.

One that . . . must raise a sconce by the highway and sell switches. Beau. & Fl.

3. A piece of armor for the head; headpiece; helmet.

I must get a sconce for my head. Shak.

4. Fig.: The head; the skull; also, brains; sense; discretion. [Colloq.]

To knock him about the sconce with a dirty shovel. Shak.

5. A poll tax; a mulct or fine. Johnson.

6. [OF. esconse a dark lantern, properly, a hiding place. See Etymol. above.] A protection for a light; a lantern or cased support for a candle; hence, a fixed hanging or projecting candlestick.

Tapers put into lanterns or sconces of several-colored, oiled paper, that the wind might not annoy them. Evelyn.
Golden sconces hang not on the walls. Dryden.

7. Hence, the circular tube, with a brim, in a candlestick, into which the candle is inserted.

8. (Arch.) A squinch.

9. A fragment of a floe of ice. Kane.

10. [Perhaps a different word.] A fixed seat or shelf. [Prov. Eng.]

Sconce

Sconce, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sconced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sconcing.]

1. To shut up in a sconce; to imprison; to insconce. [Obs.]

Immure him, sconce him, barricade him in 't. Marston.

2. To mulct; to fine. [Obs.] Milton.

Sconchoon

Scon"choon (?), n. (Arch.) A squinch.

Scone

Scone (?), n. A cake, thinner than a bannock, made of wheat or barley or oat meal. [Written variously, scon, skone, skon, etc.] [Scot.] Burns.

Scoop

Scoop (?), n. [OE. scope, of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. skopa, akin to D. schop a shovel, G. sch\'81ppe, and also to E. shove. See Shovel.]

1. A large ladle; a vessel with a long handle, used for dipping liquids; a utensil for bailing boats.

2. A deep shovel, or any similar implement for digging out and dipping or shoveling up anything; as, a flour scoop; the scoop of a dredging machine.

3. (Surg.) A spoon-shaped instrument, used in extracting certain substances or foreign bodies.

4. A place hollowed out; a basinlike cavity; a hollow.

Some had lain in the scoop of the rock. J. R. Drake.

5. A sweep; a stroke; a swoop.

6. The act of scooping, or taking with a scoop or ladle; a motion with a scoop, as in dipping or shoveling. Scoop net, a kind of hand net, used in fishing; also, a net for sweeping the bottom of a river. -- Scoop wheel, a wheel for raising water, having scoops or buckets attached to its circumference; a tympanum.

Scoop

Scoop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scooped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scooping.] [OE. scopen. See Scoop, n.]

1. To take out or up with, a scoop; to lade out.

He scooped the water from the crystal flood. Dryden.

2. To empty by lading; as, to scoop a well dry.

3. To make hollow, as a scoop or dish; to excavate; to dig out; to form by digging or excavation.

Those carbuncles the Indians will scoop, so as to hold above a pint. Arbuthnot.

Scooper

Scoop"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which scoops.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The avocet; -- so called because it scoops up the mud to obtain food.

Scoot

Scoot (?), v. i. To walk fast; to go quickly; to run hastily away. [Colloq. & Humorous, U.S.]

Scoparin

Sco"pa*rin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow gelatinous or crystalline substance found in broom (Cytisus scoparius) accompanying sparte\'8bne.

Scopate

Sco"pate (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the surface closely covered with hairs, like a brush.

-scope

-scope (. [Gr. skopo`s a watcher, spy. See Scope.] A combining form usually signifying an instrument for viewing (with the eye) or observing (in any way); as in microscope, telescope, altoscope, anemoscope.

Scope

Scope (?), n. [It. scopo, L. scopos a mark, aim, Gr. skopo`s, a watcher, mark, aim; akin to spy. Cf. Skeptic, Bishop.]

1. That at which one aims; the thing or end to which the mind directs its view; that which is purposed to be reached or accomplished; hence, ultimate design, aim, or purpose; intention; drift; object. "Shooting wide, do miss the marked scope." Spenser.

Your scope is as mine own, So to enforce or quality the laws As to your soul seems good. Shak.
The scope of all their pleading against man's authority, is to overthrow such laws and constitutions in the church. Hooker.

2. Room or opportunity for free outlook or aim; space for action; amplitude of opportunity; free course or vent; liberty; range of view; intent, or action.

Give him line and scope. Shak.
In the fate and fortunes of the human race, scope is given to the operation of laws which man must always fail to discern the reasons of. I. Taylor.
Excuse me if I have given too much scope to the reflections which have arisen in my mind. Burke.
An intellectual cultivation of no moderate depth or scope. Hawthorne.

3. Extended area. [Obs.] "The scopes of land granted to the first adventurers." Sir J. Davies.

4. Length; extent; sweep; as, scope of cable. <-- Scope, v. t. To look at for the purpose of evaluation; usu with out; as, to scope out the area as a camping site. -->

Scopeline

Sco"pe*line (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Scopeloid.

Scopeloid

Sco"pe*loid (?), a. [NL. Scopelus, typical genus (fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to fishes of the genus Scopelus, or family Scopelod\'91, which includes many small oceanic fishes, most of which are phosphorescent. -- n. (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the family Scopelid\'91.

Scopiferous

Sco*pif"er*ous (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.) Bearing a tuft of brushlike hairs.

Scopiform

Sco"pi*form (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + -form.] Having the form of a broom or besom. "Zeolite, stelliform or scopiform." Kirwan.

Scopiped

Sco"pi*ped (?; 277), n. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + pes, pedis, a foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scopuliped.

Scoppet

Scop"pet (?), v. t. [From Scoop, v. t.] To lade or dip out. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Scops owl

Scops" owl` (?). [NL. scops, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small owls of the genus Scops having ear tufts like those of the horned owls, especially the European scops owl (Scops giu), and the American screech owl. (S. Asio).

Scoptic, Scoptical

Scop"tic (?), Scop"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Jesting; jeering; scoffing. [Obs.] South. -- Scop"tic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]

Scopula

Scop"u*la (?), n.; pl. E. Scopulas (#), L. Scopul\'91 (#). [L. scopulae, pl. a little broom.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A peculiar brushlike organ found on the foot of spiders and used in the construction of the web. (b) A special tuft of hairs on the leg of a bee.

Scopuliped

Scop"u*li*ped (?), n. [L. scopulae, pl., a little broom (fr. scopae a broom) + pes, pedis, foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of bee which has on the hind legs a brush of hairs used for collecting pollen, as the hive bees and bumblebees.

Scopulous

Scop"u*lous (?), a. [L. scopulosus, fr. scopulus a rock, Gr. Full of rocks; rocky. [Obs.]

Scorbute

Scor"bute (?), n. [LL. scorbutus: cf. F. scorbut. See Scurvy, n.] Scurry. [Obs.] Purchas.

Scorbutic, Scorbutical

Scor*bu"tic (?), Scor*bu"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. scorbutique.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to scurvy; of the nature of, or resembling, scurvy; diseased with scurvy; as, a scorbutic person; scorbutic complaints or symptoms. -- Scor*bu"tic*al*ly, adv.

Scorbutus

Scor*bu"tus (?), n. [LL. See Scorbute.] (Med.) Scurvy.

Scorce

Scorce (?), n. Barter. [Obs.] See Scorse.

Scorch

Scorch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scorching.] [OE. scorchen, probably akin to scorcnen; cf. Norw. skrokken shrunk up, skrekka, skr\'94kka, to shrink, to become wrinkled up, dial. Sw. skr\'86kkla to wrinkle (see Shrug); but perhaps influenced by OF. escorchier to strip the bark from, to flay, to skin, F. \'82corcher, LL. excorticare; L. ex from + cortex, -icis, bark (cf. Cork); because the skin falls off when scorched.]

1. To burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by heat; to subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without consuming; as, to scorch linen.

Summer drouth or singed air never scorch thy tresses fair. Milton.

2. To affect painfully with heat, or as with heat; to dry up with heat; to affect as by heat.

Lashed by mad rage, and scorched by brutal fires. Prior.

3. To burn; to destroy by, or as by, fire.

Power was given unto him to scorch men with fire. Rev. xvi. 8.
The fire that scorches me to death. Dryden.

Scorch

Scorch, v. i.

1. To be burnt on the surface; to be parched; to be dried up.

Scatter a little mungy straw or fern amongst your seedlings, to prevent the roots from scorching. Mortimer.

2. To burn or be burnt.

he laid his long forefinger on the scarlet letter, which forthwith seemed to scoch into Hester's breast, as if it had been red hot. Hawthorne.

Scorching

Scorch"ing, a. Burning; parching or shriveling with heat. -- Scorch"ing*ly, adv. -- Scorch"ing*ness, n.

Score

Score (?), n. [AS. scor twenty, fr. sceran, scieran, to shear, cut, divice; or rather the kindred Icel. skor incision, twenty, akin to Dan. skure a notch, Sw. sk\'86ra. See Shear.]

1. A notch or incision; especially, one that is made as a tally mark; hence, a mark, or line, made for the purpose of account.

Whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but the score and the tally, thou hast caused printing to be used. Shak.

2. An account or reckoning; account of dues; bill; hence, indebtedness.

He parted well, and paid his score. Shak.

3. Account; reason; motive; sake; behalf.

But left the trade, as many more Have lately done on the same score. Hudibras.
You act your kindness in Cydria's score. Dryden.

4. The number twenty, as being marked off by a special score or tally; hence, in pl., a large number.

Amongst three or four score hogsheads. Shak.
At length the queen took upon herself to grant patents of monopoly by score. Macaulay.

5. A distance of twenty yards; -- a term used in ancient archery and gunnery. Halliwell.

6. A weight of twenty pounds. [Prov. Eng.]

7. The number of points gained by the contestants, or either of them, in any game, as in cards or cricket.

8. line drawn; a groove or furrow.

9. (Mus.) The original and entire draught, or its transcript, of a composition, with the parts for all the different instruments or voices written on staves one above another, so that they can be read at a glance; -- so called from the bar, which, in its early use, was drawn through all the parts. Moore (Encyc. of Music). In score (Mus.), having all the parts arranged and placed in juxtaposition. Smart. -- To quit scores, to settle or balance accounts; to render an equivalent; to make compensation.

Does not the earth quit scores with all the elements in the noble fruits that issue from it? South.

Score

Score (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.]

1. To mark with lines, scratches, or notches; to cut notches or furrows in; to notch; to scratch; to furrow; as, to score timber for hewing; to score the back with a lash.

Let us score their backs. Shak.
A briar in that tangled wilderness Had scored her white right hand. M. Arnold.

2. Especially, to mark with significant lines or notches, for indicating or keeping account of something; as, to score a tally.

3. To mark or signify by lines or notches; to keep record or account; to set down; to record; to charge.

Madam, I know when, Instead of five, you scored me ten. Swift.
Nor need I tallies thy dear love to score. Shak.

4. To engrave, as upon a shield. [R.] Spenser.

5. To make a score of, as points, runs, etc., in a game.

6. (Mus.) To write down in proper order and arrangement; as, to score an overture for an orchestra. See Score, n., 9.

7. (Geol.) To mark with parallel lines or scratches; as, the rocks of New England and the Western States were scored in the drift epoch.

Scorer

Scor"er (?), n. One who, or that which, scores.

Scoria

Sco"ri*a (?), n.; pl. Scorl\'91 (#). [L., fr. Gr.

1. The recrement of metals in fusion, or the slag rejected after the eduction of metallic ores; dross.

2. Cellular slaggy lava; volcanic cinders.

Scoriac

Sco"ri*ac (?), a. Scoriaceous. E. A. Poe.

Scoriaceous

Sco`ri*a"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. scoriac\'82.] Of or pertaining to scoria; like scoria or the recrement of metals; partaking of the nature of scoria.

Scorie

Sco"rie (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The young of any gull. [Written also scaurie.] [prov. Eng.]

Scorification

Sco`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. scorification. See Scorify.] (Chem.) The act, process, or result of scorifying, or reducing to a slag; hence, the separation from earthy matter by means of a slag; as, the scorification of ores.

Scorifier

Sco"ri*fi`er (?), n. (Chem.) One who, or that which, scorifies; specifically, a small flat bowl-shaped cup used in the first heating in assaying, to remove the earth and gangue, and to concentrate the gold and silver in a lead button.

Scoriform

Sco"ri*form (?), a. In the form of scoria.

Scorify

Sco"ri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scorifying (?).] [Scoria + -fy: cf. F. scorifier.] (Chem.) To reduce to scoria or slag; specifically, in assaying, to fuse so as to separate the gangue and earthy material, with borax, lead, soda, etc., thus leaving the gold and silver in a lead button; hence, to separate from, or by means of, a slag.

Scorious

Sco"ri*ous (?), a. Scoriaceous. Sir T. Browne.

Scorn

Scorn (?), n. [OE. scorn, scarn, scharn, OF. escarn, escharn, eschar, of German origin; cf. OHG. skern mockery, skern to mock; but cf. also OF. escorner to mock.]

1. Extreme and lofty contempt; haughty disregard; that disdain which aprings from the opinion of the utter meanness and unworthiness of an object.

Scorn at first makes after love the more. Shak.
And wandered backward as in scorn, To wait an \'91on to be born. Emerson.

2. An act or expression of extreme contempt.

Every sullen frown and bitter scorn But fanned the fuel that too fast did burn. Dryden.

3. An object of extreme disdain, contempt, or derision.

Thou makest us a reproach to our neighbors, a scorn and a derision to them that are round about us. Ps. xliv. 13.
To think scorn, to regard as worthy of scorn or contempt; to disdain. "He thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone." Esther iii. 6. -- To laugh to scorn, to deride; to make a mock of; to redicule as contemptible. Syn. -- Contempt; disdain; derision; contumely; despite; slight; dishonor; mockery.

Scorn

Scorn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.] [OE. scornen, scarnen, schornen, OF. escarning, escharnir. See Scorn, n.]

1. To hold in extreme contempt; to reject as unworthy of regard; to despise; to contemn; to disdain.

I scorn thy meat; 't would choke me. Shak.
This my long sufference, and my day of grace, Those who neglect and scorn shall never taste. Milton.
We scorn what is in itself contemptible or disgraceful. C. J. Smith.

2. To treat with extreme contempt; to make the object of insult; to mock; to scoff at; to deride.

His fellow, that lay by his bed's side, Gan for to laugh, and scorned him full fast. Chaucer.
To taunt and scorn you thus opprobriously. Shak.
Syn. -- To contemn; despise; disdain. See Contemn.
Page 1290

Scorn

Scorn (?), v. i. To scoff; to act disdainfully.
He said mine eyes were black and my hair black, And, now I remembered, scorned at me. Shak.

Scorner

Scorn"er (?), n. One who scorns; a despiser; a contemner; specifically, a scoffer at religion. "Great scorners of death." Spenser.
Superly he scorneth the scorners: but he giveth grace unto the lowly. Prov. iii. 34.

Scornful

Scorn"ful (?), a.

1. Full of scorn or contempt; contemptuous; disdainful.

Scornful of winter's frost and summer's sun. Prior.
Dart not scornful glances from those eyes. Shak.

2. Treated with scorn; exciting scorn. [Obs.]

The scornful mark of every open eye. Shak.
Syn. -- Contemptuous; disdainful; contumelious; reproachful; insolent. -- Scorn"ful*ly, adv. -- Scorn"ful*ness, n.

Scorny

Scorn"y (?), a. Deserving scorn; paltry. [Obs.]

Scorodite

Scor"o*dite (?), n. [G. scorodit; -- so called in allusion to its smell under the blowpipe, from Gr. (Min.) A leek-green or brownish mineral occurring in orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous arseniate of iron. [Written also skorodite.]

Scorp\'91noid

Scor*p\'91"noid (?), a. [NL. Scorpaena, a typical genus (see Scorpene) + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the family Scorp\'91nid\'91, which includes the scorpene, the rosefish, the California rockfishes, and many other food fishes. [Written also scorp\'91nid.] See Illust. under Rockfish.

Scorpene

Scor"pene (?), n. [F. scorp\'8ane, fr. L. scorpaena a kind of fish, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A marine food fish of the genus Scorp\'91na, as the European hogfish (S. scrofa), and the California species (S. guttata).

Scorper

Scor"per (?), n. Same as Scauper.

Scorpio

Scor"pi*o (?), n.; pl. Scorpiones (#). [L.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A scorpion.

2. (Astron.) (a) The eighth sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about the twenty-third day of October, marked thus [&scorpio;] in almanacs. (b) A constellation of the zodiac containing the bright star Antares. It is drawn on the celestial globe in the figure of a scorpion.

Scorpiodea

Scor`pi*o"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scorpiones.

Scorpioid, Scorpioidal

Scor"pi*oid (?), Scor`pi*oid"al (?), a. [Gr.

1. Having the inflorescence curved or circinate at the end, like a scorpion's tail.

Scorpion

Scor"pi*on (?), n. [F., fr. L. scorpio, scorpius, Gr. sharp.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of pulmonate arachnids of the order scorpiones, having a suctorial mouth, large claw-bearing palpi, and a caudal sting. &hand; Scorpions have a flattened body, and a long, slender post-abdomen formed of six movable segments, the last of which terminates in a curved venomous sting. The venom causes great pain, but is unattended either with redness or swelling, except in the axillary or inguinal glands, when an extremity is affected. It is seldom if ever destructive of life. Scorpions are found widely dispersed in the warm climates of both the Old and New Worlds.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The pine or gray lizard (Sceloporus undulatus). [Local, U.S.]

3. (Zo\'94l.) the scorpene.

4. (Script.) A painful scourge.

My father hath chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions. 1 Kings xii. 11.

5. (Astron.) A sign and constellation. See Scorpio.

6. (Antiq.) An ancient military engine for hurling stones and other missiles. Book scorpion. (Zo\'94l.) See under Book. -- False scorpion. (Zo\'94l.) See under False, and Book scorpion. -- Scorpion bug, ∨ Water scorpion (Zo\'94l.) See Nepa. -- Scorpion fly (Zo\'94l.), a neuropterous insect of the genus Panorpa. See Panorpid. -- Scorpion grass (Bot.), a plant of the genus Myosotis. M. palustris is the forget-me-not. -- Sorpion senna (Bot.), a yellow-flowered leguminous shrub (Coronilla Emerus) having a slender joined pod, like a scorpion's tail. The leaves are said to yield a dye like indigo, and to be used sometimes to adulterate senna. -- Scorpion shell (Zo\'94l.), any shell of the genus Pteroceras. See Pteroceras. -- Scorpion spiders. (Zo\'94l.), any one of the Pedipalpi. -- Scorpion's tail (Bot.), any plant of the leguminous genus Scorpiurus, herbs with a circinately coiled pod; -- also called caterpillar. -- Scorpion's thorn (Bot.), a thorny leguminous plant (Genista Scorpius) of Southern Europe. -- The Scorpion's Heart (Astron.), the star Antares in the constellation Scorpio.

Scorpiones

Scor`pi*o"nes (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of arachnids comprising the scorpions.

Scorpionidea

Scor`pi*o*nid"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scorpiones.

Scorpionwort

Scor"pi*on*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A leguminous plant (Ornithopus scorpides) of Southern Europe, having curved pods.

Scorse

Scorse (? ∨ ?), n. [Cf. It. scorsa a course, and E. discourse.] Barter; exchange; trade. [Obs.]
And recompensed them with a better scorse. Spenser.

Scorse

Scorse, v. t. [Written also scourse, and scoss.]

1. To barter or exchange. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To chase. [Obs.] Spenser.

Scorse

Scorse, v. i. To deal for the purchase of anything; to practice barter. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Scortatory

Scor"ta*to*ry (?), a. [L. scorator a fornicator, from scortari to fornicate, scortum a prostitute.] Pertaining to lewdness or fornication; lewd.

Scot

Scot (?), n. A name for a horse. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Scot

Scot, n. [Cf. L. Skoti, pl., AS. Scotta, pl. Skottas, Sceottas.] A native or inhabitant of Scotland; a Scotsman, or Scotchman.

Scot

Scot, n. [Icel. skot; or OF. escot, F. \'82cot, LL. scottum, scotum, from a kindred German word; akin to AS. scot, and E. shot, shoot; cf. AS. sce\'a2tan to shoot, to contribute. See Shoot, and cf. Shot.] A portion of money assessed or paid; a tax or contribution; a mulct; a fine; a shot. Scot and lot, formerly, a parish assessment laid on subjects according to their ability. [Eng.] Cowell. Now, a phrase for obligations of every kind regarded collectivelly.
Experienced men of the world know very well that it is best to pay scot and lot as they go along. Emerson.

Scotal, Scotale

Scot"al (?), Scot"ale (?), n. [Scot + ale.] (O. Eng. Law) The keeping of an alehouse by an officer of a forest, and drawing people to spend their money for liquor, for fear of his displeasure.

Scotch

Scotch (?), a. [Cf. Scottish.] Of or pertaining to Scotland, its language, or its inhabitants; Scottish. Scotch broom (Bot.), the Cytisus scoparius. See Broom. -- Scotch dipper, ∨ Scotch duck (Zo\'94l.), the bufflehead; -- called also Scotch teal, and Scotchman. -- Scotch fiddle, the itch. [Low] Sir W. Scott. -- Scotch mist, a coarse, dense mist, like fine rain. -- Scotch nightingale (Zo\'94l.), the sedge warbler. [Prov. Eng.] -- Scotch pebble. See under pebble. -- Scotch pine (Bot.) See Riga fir. -- Scotch thistle (Bot.), a species of thistle (Onopordon acanthium); -- so called from its being the national emblem of the Scotch.

Scotch

Scotch, n.

1. The dialect or dialects of English spoken by the people of Scotland.

2. Collectively, the people of Scotland.

Scotch

Scotch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scotched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scotching.] [Cf. Prov. E. scole a prop, and Walloon ascot a prop, ascoter to prop, F. accoter, also Armor. skoaz the shoulder, skoazia to shoulder up, to prop, to support, W. ysgwydd a shoulder, ysgwyddo to shoulder. Cf. Scoat.] [Written also scoatch, scoat.] To shoulder up; to prop or block with a wedge, chock, etc., as a wheel, to prevent its rolling or slipping.

Scotch

Scotch, n. A chock, wedge, prop, or other support, to prevent slipping; as, a scotch for a wheel or a log on inclined ground.

Scotch

Scotch, v. t. [Probably the same word as scutch; cf. Norw. skoka, skoko, a swingle for flax; perhaps akin to E. shake.] To cut superficially; to wound; to score.
We have scotched the snake, not killed it. Shak.
Scotched collops (Cookery), a dish made of pieces of beef or veal cut thin, or minced, beaten flat, and stewed with onion and other condiments; -- called also Scotch collops. [Written also scotcht collops.]

Scotch

Scotch, n. A slight cut or incision; a score. Walton.

Scotch-hopper

Scotch"-hop`per (?), n. Hopscotch.

Scotching

Scotch"ing, n. (Masonry) Dressing stone with a pick or pointed instrument.

Scotchman

Scotch"man (?), n.; pl. Scotchmen (.

1. A native or inhabitant of Scotland; a Scot; a Scotsman.

2. (Naut.) A piece of wood or stiff hide placed over shrouds and other rigging to prevent chafe by the running gear. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Scoter

Sco"ter (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. scote to plow up.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of northern sea ducks of the genus Oidemia. &hand; The European scoters are Oidemia nigra, called also black duck, black diver, surf duck; and the velvet, or double, scoter (O. fusca). The common American species are the velvet, or white-winged, scoter (O. Deglandi), called also velvet duck, white-wing, bull coot, white-winged coot; the black scoter (O. Americana), called also black coot, butterbill, coppernose; and the surf scoter, or surf duck (O. perspicillata), called also baldpate, skunkhead, horsehead, patchhead, pishaug, and spectacled coot. These birds are collectively called also coots. The females and young are called gray coots, and brown coots.

Scot-free

Scot"-free" [?], a. Free from payment of scot; untaxed; hence, unhurt; clear; safe.
Do as much for this purpose, and thou shalt pass scot-free. Sir W. Scott.
Then young Hay escaped scot-free to Holland. A. Lang.

Scotch

Scotch (?), v. t. To clothe or cover up. [Obs.]

Scotia

Sco"ti*a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. skoti`a darkness, a sunken molding in the base of a pillar, so called from the dark shadow it casts, from sko`tos darkness.] (Arch.) A concave molding used especially in classical architecture.

Scotia

Sco"ti*a, n. [L.] Scotland [Poetic]
O Scotia! my dear, my native soil! Burns.

Scotist

Sco"tist (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of (Joannes) Duns Scotus, the Franciscan scholastic (d. 1308), who maintained certain doctrines in philosophy and theology, in opposition to the Thomists, or followers of Thomas Aquinas, the Dominican scholastic.

Scotograph

Scot"o*graph (?), n. [Gr. sko`tos darkness + -graph.] An instrument for writing in the dark, or without seeing. Maunder.

Scotoma

Sco*to"ma (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Scotomy.

Scotomy

Scot"o*my (?), n. [NL. scotomia, from Gr. sko`tos darkness: cf. F. scotomie.]

1. Dizziness with dimness of sight. [Obs.] Massinger.

2. (Med.) Obscuration of the field of vision due to the appearance of a dark spot before the eye.

Scotoscope

Sco"to*scope (? ∨ ?), n. [Gr. sko`tos darkness + -scope.] An instrument that discloses objects in the dark or in a faint light. [Obs.] Pepys.

Scots

Scots (?), a. [For older Scottis Scottish. See Scottish.] Of or pertaining to the Scotch; Scotch; Scottish; as, Scots law; a pound Scots (1s. 8d.).

Scotsman

Scots"man (-man), n. See Scotchman.

Scottering

Scot"ter*ing (?), n. The burning of a wad of pease straw at the end of harvest. [Prov. Eng.]

Scotticism

Scot"ti*cism (?), n. An idiom, or mode of expression, peculiar to Scotland or Scotchmen.
That, in short, in which the Scotticism of Scotsmen most intimately consists, is the habit of emphasis. Masson.

Scotticize

Scot"ti*cize (?), v. t. To cause to become like the Scotch; to make Scottish. [R.]

Scottish

Scot"tish (?), a. [From Scot a Scotchman: cf. AS. Scyttisc, and E. Scotch, a., Scots, a.] Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of Scotland, their country, or their language; as, Scottish industry or economy; a Scottish chief; a Scottish dialect.

Scoundrel

Scoun"drel (?), n. [Probably from Prov. E. & Scotch scunner, scouner, to loathe, to disgust, akin to AS. scunian to shun. See Shun.] A mean, worthless fellow; a rascal; a villain; a man without honor or virtue.
Go, if your ancient, but ignoble blood
Has crept through soundrels ever since the flood. Pope.

Scoundrel

Scoun"drel, a. Low; base; mean; unprincipled.

Scoundreldom

Scoun"drel*dom (?), n. The domain or sphere of scoundrels; scoundrels, collectively; the state, ideas, or practices of scoundrels. Carlyle.

Scoundrelism

Scoun"drel*ism (?), n. The practices or conduct of a scoundrel; baseness; rascality. Cotgrave.

Scour

Scour (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scoured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scouring.] [Akin to LG. sch\'81ren, D. schuren, schueren, G. scheuern, Dan. skure; Sw. skura; all possibly fr. LL. escurare, fr. L. ex + curare to take care. Cf. Cure.]

1. To rub hard with something rough, as sand or Bristol brick, especially for the purpose of cleaning; to clean by friction; to make clean or bright; to cleanse from grease, dirt, etc., as articles of dress.

2. To purge; as, to scour a horse.

3. To remove by rubbing or cleansing; to sweep along or off; to carry away or remove, as by a current of water; -- often with off or away.

[I will] stain my favors in a bloody mask, Which, washed away, shall scour my shame with it. Shak.

4. [Perhaps a different word; cf. OF. escorre, escourre, It. scorrere, both fr. L. excurrere to run forth. Cf. Excursion.] To pass swiftly over; to brush along; to traverse or search thoroughly; as, to scour the coast.

Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain. Pope.
Scouring barrel, a tumbling barrel. See under Tumbling. -- Scouring cinder (Metal.), a basic slag, which attacks the lining of a shaft furnace. Raymond. -- Scouring rush. (Bot.) See Dutch rush, under Dutch. -- Scouring stock (Woolen Manuf.), a kind of fulling mill.

Scour

Scour, v. i.

1. To clean anything by rubbing. Shak.

2. To cleanse anything.

Warm water is softer than cold, for it scoureth better. Bacon.

3. To be purged freely; to have a diarrh\'d2a.

4. To run swiftly; to rove or range in pursuit or search of something; to scamper.

So four fierce coursers, starting to the race, Scour through the plain, and lengthen every pace. Dryden.

Scour

Scour, n. Diarrh\'d2a or dysentery among cattle.

Scourage

Scour"age (?; 48), n. Refuse water after scouring.

Scourer

Scour"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, scours.

2. A rover or footpad; a prowling robber.

In those days of highwaymen and scourers. Macaulay.

Scourge

Scourge (?), n. [F. escourg\'82e, fr. L. excoriata (sc. scutica) a stripped off (lash or whip), fr. excoriate to strip, to skin. See Excoriate.]

1. A lash; a strap or cord; especially, a lash used to inflict pain or punishment; an instrument of punishment or discipline; a whip.

Up to coach then goes The observed maid, takes both the scourge and reins. Chapman.

2. Hence, a means of inflicting punishment, vengeance, or suffering; an infliction of affliction; a punishment.

Sharp scourges of adversity. Chaucer.
What scourge for perjury Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence? Shak.

Scourge

Scourge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scourged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scourging (?).] [From Scourge, n.: cf. OF. escorgier.]

1. To whip severely; to lash.

is it lawful for you to scourge a . . . Roman? Acts xxii. 25.

2. To punish with severity; to chastise; to afflict, as for sins or faults, and with the purpose of correction.

Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth. Heb. xii. 6.

3. To harass or afflict severely.

To scourge and impoverish the people. Brougham.

Scourger

Scour"ger (?), n. One who scourges or punishes; one who afflicts severely.
The West must own the scourger of the world. Byron.

Scourse

Scourse (?), v. t. See Scorse. [Obs.]

Scouse

Scouse (?), n. (Naut.) A sailor's dish. Bread scouse contains no meat; lobscouse contains meat, etc. See Lobscouse. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Scout

Scout (?), n. [Icel. sk a small craft or cutter.] A swift sailing boat. [Obs.]
So we took a scout, very much pleased with the manner and conversation of the passengers. Pepys.

Scout

Scout, n. [Icel. sk&umac;ta to jut out. Cf. Scout to reject.] A projecting rock. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
Page 1291

Scout

Scout (?), v. t. [Icel. sk a taunt; cf. Icel. skuta to jut out, skota to shove, skj to shoot, to shove. See Shoot.] To reject with contempt, as something absurd; to treat with ridicule; to flout; as, to scout an idea or an apology. "Flout 'em and scout 'em." Shak.

Scout

Scout, n. [OF. escaute scout, spy, fr. escouter, escolter, to listen, to hear, F. \'82couter, fr. L. auscultare, to hear with attention, to listen to. See Auscultation.]

1. A person sent out to gain and bring in tidings; especially, one employed in war to gain information of the movements and condition of an enemy.

Scouts each coast light-arm\'8ad scour, Each quarter, to descry the distant foe. Milton.

2. A college student's or undergraduate's servant; -- so called in Oxford, England; at Cambridge called a gyp; and at Dublin, a skip. [Cant]

3. (Criket) A fielder in a game for practice.

4. The act of scouting or reconnoitering. [Colloq.]

While the rat is on the scout. Cowper.
Syn. -- Scout, Spy. -- In a military sense a scout is a soldier who does duty in his proper uniform, however hazardous his adventure. A spy is one who in disguise penetrates the enemies' lines, or lurks near them, to obtain information.

Scout

Scout, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Scouting.]

1. To observe, watch, or look for, as a scout; to follow for the purpose of observation, as a scout.

Take more men, And scout him round. Beau. & Fl.

2. To pass over or through, as a scout; to reconnoiter; as, to scout a country.

Scout

Scout, v. i. To go on the business of scouting, or watching the motions of an enemy; to act as a scout.
With obscure wing Scout far and wide into the realm of night. Milton.

Scovel

Scov"el (?), n. [OF. escouve, escouvette, broom, L. scopae, or cf. W. ysgubell, dim. of ysgub a broom.] A mop for sweeping ovens; a malkin.

Scow

Scow (?), n. [D. schouw.] (Naut.) A large flat-bottomed boat, having broad, square ends.

Scow

Scow, v. t. To transport in a scow.

Scowl

Scowl (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scowled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scowling.] [Akin to Dan. skule; cf. Icel. skolla to skulk, LG. schulen to hide one's self, D. schuilen, G. schielen to squint, Dan. skele, Sw. skela, AS. sceolh squinting. Cf. Skulk.]

1. To wrinkle the brows, as in frowning or displeasure; to put on a frowning look; to look sour, sullen, severe, or angry.

She scowled and frowned with froward countenance. Spenser.

2. Hence, to look gloomy, dark, or threatening; to lower. "The scowling heavens." Thomson.

Scowl

Scowl, v. t.

1. To look at or repel with a scowl or a frown. Milton.

2. To express by a scowl; as, to scowl defiance.

Scowl

Scowl, n.

1. The wrinkling of the brows or face in frowing; the expression of displeasure, sullennes, or discontent in the countenance; an angry frown.

With solemn phiz, and critic scowl. Lloyd.

2. Hence, gloom; dark or threatening aspect. Burns.

A ruddy storm, whose scowl Made heaven's radiant face look foul. Crashaw.

Scowlingly

Scowl"ing*ly, adv. In a scowling manner.

Scrabbed eggs

Scrab"bed eggs` (?). [CF. Scramble.] A Lenten dish, composed of eggs boiled hard, chopped, and seasoned with butter, salt, and pepper. Halliwell.

Scrabble

Scrab"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrabbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scrabbling (?).] [Freq. of scrape. Cf. Scramble, Scrawl, v. t.]

1. To scrape, paw, or scratch with the hands; to proceed by clawing with the hands and feet; to scramble; as, to scrabble up a cliff or a tree.

Now after a while Little-faith came to himself, and getting up made shift to scrabble on his way. Bunyan.

2. To make irregular, crooked, or unmeaning marks; to scribble; to scrawl.

David . . . scrabbled on the doors of the gate. 1. Sam. xxi. 13.

Scrabble

Scrab"ble, v. t. To mark with irregular lines or letters; to scribble; as, to scrabble paper.

Scrabble

Scrab"ble, n. The act of scrabbing; a moving upon the hands and knees; a scramble; also, a scribble.

Scraber

Scra"ber (?), n. [Cf. Scrabble.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The Manx shearwater. (b) The black guillemot.

Scraffle

Scraf"fle (?), v. i. [See Scramble: cf. OD. schraeffelen to scrape.] To scramble or struggle; to wrangle; also, to be industrious. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Scrag

Scrag (?), n. [Cf. dial. Sw. skraka a great dry tree, a long, lean man, Gael. sgreagach dry, shriveled, rocky. See Shrink, and cf. Scrog, Shrag, n.]

1. Something thin, lean, or rough; a bony piece; especially, a bony neckpiece of meat; hence, humorously or in contempt, the neck.

Lady MacScrew, who . . . serves up a scrag of mutton on silver. Thackeray.

2. A rawboned person. [Low] Halliwell.

3. A ragged, stunted tree or branch. Scrag whale (Zo\'94l.), a North Atlantic whalebone whale (Agaphelus giddosus). By some it is considered the young of the right whale.

Scragged

Scrag"ged (?), a.

1. Rough with irregular points, or a broken surface; scraggy; as, a scragged backbone.

2. Lean and rough; scraggy.

Scraggedness

Scrag"ged*ness, n. Quality or state of being scragged.

Scraggily

Scrag"gi*ly (?), adv. in a scraggy manner.

Scragginess

Scrag"gi*ness, n. The quality or state of being scraggy; scraggedness.

Scraggy

Scrag"gy (?), a. [Compar. Scragger (?); superl. Scraggiest.]

1. Rough with irregular points; scragged. "A scraggy rock." J. Philips.

2. Lean and rough; scragged. "His sinewy, scraggy neck." Sir W. Scott.

Scragly

Scrag"ly, a. See Scraggy.

Scrag-necked

Scrag"-necked` (?), a. Having a scraggy neck.

Scramble

Scram"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scrambling (?).] [Freq. of Prov. E. scramb to rake together with the hands, or of scramp to snatch at. cf. Scrabble.]

1. To clamber with hands and knees; to scrabble; as, to scramble up a cliff; to scramble over the rocks.

2. To struggle eagerly with others for something thrown upon the ground; to go down upon all fours to seize something; to catch rudely at what is desired.

Of other care they little reckoning make, Than how to scramble at the shearer's feast. Milton.

Scramble

Scram"ble (?), v. t.

1. To collect by scrambling; as, to scramble up wealth. Marlowe.

2. To prepare (eggs) as a dish for the table, by stirring the yolks and whites together while cooking.

Scramble

Scram"ble, n.

1. The act of scrambling, climbing on all fours, or clambering.

2. The act of jostling and pushing for something desired; eager and unceremonious struggle for what is thrown or held out; as, a scramble for office.

Scarcity [of money] enhances its price, and increases the scramble. Locke.

Scrambler

Scram"bler (?), n.

1. One who scrambles; one who climbs on all fours.

2. A greedy and unceremonious contestant.

Scrambling

Scram"bling (?), a. Confused and irregular; awkward; scambling. -- Scram"bling*ly, adv.
A huge old scrambling bedroom. Sir W. Scott.

Scranch

Scranch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scranched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scranching.] [Cf. D. schransen to eat greedily, G. schranzen. Cf. Crunch, Scrunch.] To grind with the teeth, and with a crackling sound; to craunch. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]

Scranky

Scrank"y (?), a. Thin; lean. [Scot.]

Scrannel

Scran"nel (?), a. [Cf. Scrawny.] Slight; thin; lean; poor. Having
Grate on their scranned pipes of wretched straw. Milton.

Scranny

Scran"ny (?), a. [See Scrannel.] Thin; lean; meager; scrawny; scrannel. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Scrap

Scrap (?), n. [OE. scrappe, fr. Icel. skrap trifle, cracking. See Scrape, v. t.]

1. Something scraped off; hence, a small piece; a bit; a fragment; a detached, incomplete portion.

I have no materials -- not a scrap. De Quincey.

2. Specifically, a fragment of something written or printed; a brief excerpt; an unconnected extract.

3. pl. The crisp substance that remains after trying out animal fat; as, pork scraps. <-- sic. -- meaning after "drying" out?? -->

4. pl. Same as Scrap iron, below. <-- 5. Manufactured objects or parts useful only for reprocessing, esp. metal objects. --> Scrap forgings, forgings made from wrought iron scrap. -- Scrap iron. (a) Cuttings and waste pieces of wrought iron from which bar iron or forgings can be made; -- called also wrought-iron scrap. (b) Fragments of cast iron or defective castings suitable for remelting in the foundry; -- called also founding scrap, or cast scrap.

Scrapbook

Scrap"book` (?), n. A blank book in which extracts cut from books and papers may be pasted and kept.

Scrape

Scrape (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scraped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scraping.] [Icel. skrapa; akin to Sw. skrapa, Dan. skrabe, D. schrapen, schrabben, G. schrappen, and prob. to E. sharp.]

1. To rub over the surface of (something) with a sharp or rough instrument; to rub over with something that roughens by removing portions of the surface; to grate harshly over; to abrade; to make even, or bring to a required condition or form, by moving the sharp edge of an instrument breadthwise over the surface with pressure, cutting away excesses and superfluous parts; to make smooth or clean; as, to scrape a bone with a knife; to scrape a metal plate to an even surface.

2. To remove by rubbing or scraping (in the sense above).

I will also scrape her dust from her, and make her like the top of a rock. Ezek. xxvi. 4.

3. To collect by, or as by, a process of scraping; to gather in small portions by laborius effort; hence, to acquire avariciously and save penuriously; -- often followed by together or up; as, to scrape money together.

The prelatical party complained that, to swell a number the nonconformists did not choose, but scrape, subscribers. Fuller.

4. To express disapprobation of, as a play, or to silence, as a speaker, by drawing the feet back and forth upon the floor; -- usually with down. Macaulay. To scrape acquaintance, to seek acquaintance otherwise than by an introduction. Farquhar.

He tried to scrape acquaintance with her, but failed ignominiously. G. W. Cable.

Scrape

Scrape, v. i.

1. To rub over the surface of anything with something which roughens or removes it, or which smooths or cleans it; to rub harshly and noisily along.

2. To occupy one's self with getting laboriously; as, he scraped and saved until he became rich. "[Spend] their scraping fathers' gold." Shak.

3. To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a violin or like instrument.

4. To draw back the right foot along the ground or floor when making a bow.

Scrape

Scrape, n.

1. The act of scraping; also, the effect of scraping, as a scratch, or a harsh sound; as, a noisy scrape on the floor; a scrape of a pen.

2. A drawing back of the right foot when bowing; also, a bow made with that accompaniment. H. Spencer.

3. A disagreable and embrassing predicament, as it were, a painful rubbing or scraping; a perplexity; a difficulty.

The too eager pursuit of this his old enemy through thick and thin has led him into many of these scrapes. Bp. Warburton.

Scrapepenny

Scrape"pen`ny (?), n. One who gathers and hoards money in trifling sums; a miser.<-- = a pinchpenny -->

Scraper

Scrap"er (?), n.

1. An instrument with which anything is scraped. Specifically: (a) An instrument by which the soles of shoes are cleaned from mud and the like, by drawing them across it. (b) An instrument drawn by oxen or horses, used for scraping up earth in making or repairing roads, digging cellars, canals etc. (c) (Naut.) An instrument having two or three sharp sides or edges, for cleaning the planks, masts, or decks of a ship. (d) (Lithography) In the printing press, a board, or blade, the edge of which is made to rub over the tympan sheet and thus produce the impression.

2. One who scrapes. Specifically: (a) One who plays awkwardly on a violin. (b) One who acquires avariciously and saves penuriously.

Scraping

Scrap"ing (?), n.

1. The act of scraping; the act or process of making even, or reducing to the proper form, by means of a scraper.

2. Something scraped off; that which is separated from a substance, or is collected by scraping; as, the scraping of the street.

Scraping

Scrap"ing, a. Resembling the act of, or the effect produced by, one who, or that which, scrapes; as, a scraping noise; a scraping miser. -- Scrap"ing*ly, adv.

Scrappily

Scrap"pi*ly (?), adv. In a scrappy manner; in scraps. Mary Cowden Clarke.

Scrappy

Scrap"py (?), a. Consisting of scraps; fragmentary; lacking unity or consistency; as, a scrappy lecture.
A dreadfully scrappy dinner. Thackeray.

Scrat

Scrat (?), v. t. [OE. scratten. Cf. Scratch.] To scratch. [Obs.] Burton.

Scrat

Scrat, v. i. To rake; to search. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.

Scrat

Scrat, n. [Cf. AS. scritta an hermaphrodite, Ir. scrut a scrub, a low, mean person, Gael. sgrut, sgruit, an old, shriveled person.] An hermaphrodite. [Obs.] Skinner.

Scratch

Scratch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scratched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scratching.] [OE. cracchen (perhaps influenced by OE. scratten to scratch); cf. OHG. chrazz, G. kratzen, OD. kratsen, kretsen, D. krassen, Sw. kratsa to scrape, kratta to rake, to scratch, Dan. kradse to scratch, to scrape, Icel. krota to engrave. Cf. Grate to rub.]

1. To rub and tear or mark the surface of with something sharp or ragged; to scrape, roughen, or wound slightly by drawing something pointed or rough across, as the claws, the nails, a pin, or the like.

Small sand-colored stones, so hard as to scratch glass.Grew.
Be mindful, when invention fails.,
To scratch your head, and bite your nails.Swift.

2. To write or draw hastily or awkwardly. Scratch out a pamphlet." Swift.

3. To cancel by drawing one or more lines through, as the name of a candidate upon a ballot, or of a horse in a list; hence, to erase; to efface; -- often with out.

4. To dig or excavate with the claws; as, some animals scratch holes, in which they burrow. To scratch a ticket, to cancel one or more names of candidates on a party ballot; to refuse to vote the party ticket in its entirety. [U.S.]

Scratch

Scratch, v. i.

1. To use the claws or nails in tearing or in digging; to make scratches.

Dull, tame things, . . . that will neither bite nor scratch. Dr. H. More.

2. (Billiards) To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game. [Cant, U.S.]

Scratch

Scratch, n.

1. A break in the surface of a thing made by scratching, or by rubbing with anything pointed or rough; a slight wound, mark, furrow, or incision.

The coarse file . . . makes deep scratches in the work. Moxon.
These nails with scratches deform my breast. Prior.
God forbid a shallow scratch should drive The prince of Wales from such a field as this. Shak.

2. (Pugilistic Matches) A line across the prize ring; up to which boxers are brought when they join fight; hence, test, trial, or proof of courage; as, to bring to the scratch; to come up to the scratch. [Cant] Grose.

3. pl. (Far.) Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy. Law (Farmer's Veter. Adviser).

4. A kind of wig covering only a portion of the head.

5. (Billiards) A shot which scores by chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke. [Cant, U.S.] Scratch cradle. See Cratch cradle, under Cratch. -- Scratch grass (Bot.), a climbing knotweed (Polygonum sagittatum) with a square stem beset with fine recurved prickles along the angles. -- Scratch wig. Same as Scratch, 4, above. Thackeray.

Scratch

Scratch, a. Made, done, or happening by chance; arranged with little or no preparation; determined by circumstances; haphazard; as, a scratch team; a scratch crew for a boat race; a scratch shot in billiards. [Slang] Scratch race, one without restrictions regarding the entrance of competitors; also, one for which the competitors are chosen by lot.

Scratchback

Scratch"back` (?), n. A toy which imitates the sound of tearing cloth, -- used by drawing it across the back of unsuspecting persons. [Eng.]

Scratchbrush

Scratch"brush` (?), n. A stiff wire brush for cleaning iron castings and other metal.

Scratch coat

Scratch" coat` (?). The first coat in plastering; -- called also scratchwork. See Pricking-up.

Scratcher

Scratch"er (?), n. One who, or that which, scratches; specifically (Zo\'94l.), any rasorial bird.

Scratching

Scratch"ing, adv. With the action of scratching.

Scratchweed

Scratch"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Cleavers.

Scratchwork

Scratch"work` (?), n. See Scratch coat.

Scratchy

Scratch"y (?), a. Characterized by scratches.

Scraw

Scraw (?), n. [Ir. scrath a turf, sgraith a turf, green sod; akin to Gael. sgrath, sgroth, the outer skin of anything, a turf, a green sod.] A turf. [Obs.] Swift.

Scrawl

Scrawl (?), v. i. See Crawl. [Obs.] Latimer.

Scrawl

Scrawl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrawled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scrawling.] [Probably corrupted from scrabble.] To draw or mark awkwardly and irregularly; to write hastily and carelessly; to scratch; to scribble; as, to scrawl a letter.
His name, scrawled by himself. Macaulay.

Scrawl

Scrawl, v. i. To write unskillfully and inelegantly.
Though with a golden pen you scrawl. Swift.

Page 1292

Scrawl

Scrawl (?), n. Unskillful or inelegant writing; that which is unskillfully or inelegantly written.
The left will make such a scrawl, that it will not be legible. Arbuthnot.
You bid me write no more than a scrawl to you. Gray.

Scrawler

Scrawl"er (?), n. One who scrawls; a hasty, awkward writer.

Scrawny

Scraw"ny (?), a. [Cf. Scrannel.] Meager; thin; rawboned; bony; scranny.

Scray

Scray (?), n. [Cf. W. ysgr\'84en, ysgr\'84ell, a sea swallow, Armor. skrav.] (Zo\'94l.) A tern; the sea swallow. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also sgraye.]

Screable

Scre"a*ble (?), a. [L. screare to hawk, spit out.] Capable of being spit out. [Obs.] Bailey.

Screak

Screak (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Screaking.] [Cf. Icel. skr\'91kja to screech. Cf. Creak, v., Screech.] To utter suddenly a sharp, shrill sound; to screech; to creak, as a door or wheel.

Screak

Screak, n. A creaking; a screech; a shriek. Bp. Bull.

Scream

Scream (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Screaming.] [Icel. skr\'91ma to scare, terrify; akin to Sw. skr\'84ma, Dan. skr\'91mme. Cf. Screech.] To cry out with a shrill voice; to utter a sudden, sharp outcry, or shrill, loud cry, as in fright or extreme pain; to shriek; to screech.
I heard the owl scream and the crickets cry. Shak.
And scream thyself as none e'er screamed before. Pope.

Scream

Scream, n. A sharp, shrill cry, uttered suddenly, as in terror or in pain; a shriek; a screech. "Screams of horror." Pope.

Screamer

Scream"er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of three species of South American birds constituting the family Anhimid\'91, and the suborder Palamede\'91. They have two spines on each wing, and the head is either crested or horned. They are easily tamed, and then serve as guardians for other poultry. The crested screamers, or chajas, belong to the genus Chauna. The horned screamer, or kamichi, is Palamedea cornuta.

Screaming

Scream"ing, a.

1. Uttering screams; shrieking.

2. Having the nature of a scream; like a scream; shrill; sharp.

The fearful matrons raise a screaming cry. Dryden.

Scree

Scree (?), n. A pebble; a stone; also, a heap of stones or rocky d\'82bris. [Prov. Eng.] Southey.

Screech

Screech (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screeched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Screeching.] [Also formerly, scritch, OE. skriken, skrichen, schriken, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. skr&ae;kja to shriek, to screech, skr&imac;ja to titter, Sw. skrika to shriek, Dan. skrige; also Gael. sgreach, sgreuch, W. ysgrechio, Skr. kharj to creak. Cf. Shriek, v., Scream, v.] To utter a harsh, shrill cry; to make a sharp outcry, as in terror or acute pain; to scream; to shriek. "The screech owl, screeching loud." Shak.

Screech

Screech, n. A harsh, shrill cry, as of one in acute pain or in fright; a shriek; a scream. Screech bird, ∨ Screech thrush (Zo\'94l.), the fieldfare; -- so called from its harsh cry before rain. -- Screech rain. -- Screech hawk (Zo\'94l.), the European goatsucker; -- so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.] -- Screech owl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small American owl (Scops asio), either gray or reddish in color. (b) The European barn owl. The name is applied also to other species.

Screechers

Screech"ers (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The picarian birds, as distinguished from the singing birds.

Screechy

Screech"y (?), a. Like a screech; shrill and harsh.

Screed

Screed (?), n. [Prov. E., a shred, the border of a cap. See Shred.]

1. (Arch.) (a) A strip of plaster of the thickness proposed for the coat, applied to the wall at intervals of four or five feet, as a guide. (b) A wooden straightedge used to lay across the plaster screed, as a limit for the thickness of the coat.

2. A fragment; a portion; a shred. [Scot.]

Screed

Screed, n. [See 1st Screed. For sense 2 cf. also Gael. sgread an outcry.]

1. A breach or rent; a breaking forth into a loud, shrill sound; as, martial screeds.

2. An harangue; a long tirade on any subject.

The old carl gae them a screed of doctrine; ye might have heard him a mile down the wind. Sir W. Scott.

Screen

Screen (?), n. [OE. scren, OF. escrein, escran, F. \'82cran, of uncertain origin; cf. G. schirm a screen, OHG. scrim, scern a protection, shield, or G. schragen a trestle, a stack of wood, or G. schranne a railing.]

1. Anything that separates or cuts off inconvience, injury, or danger; that which shelters or conceals from view; a shield or protection; as, a fire screen.

Your leavy screens throw down. Shak.
Some ambitious men seem as screens to princes in matters of danger and envy. Bacon.

2. (Arch.) A dwarf wall or partition carried up to a certain height for separation and protection, as in a church, to separate the aisle from the choir, or the like.

3. A surface, as that afforded by a curtain, sheet, wall, etc., upon which an image, as a picture, is thrown by a magic lantern, solar microscope, etc.

4. A long, coarse riddle or sieve, sometimes a revolving perforated cylinder, used to separate the coarser from the finer parts, as of coal, sand, gravel, and the like. <-- 5. A netting, usu. of metal, contained in a frame, used mostly in windows or doors to allow in fresh air while excluding insects. Screen door, a door of which half or more is composed of a screen. Screen window, a screen fitted for insertion into a window frame. 6. The surface of an electronic device, as a television set or computer monitor, on which a visible image is formed. The screen is frequently the surface of a cathode-ray tube containing phosphors excited by the electron beam, but other methods for causing an image to appear on the screen are also used, as in flat-panel displays. 7. The motion-picture industry; motion pictures. "A star of stage and screen." -->

Screen

Screen (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Screened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Screening.]

1. To provide with a shelter or means of concealment; to separate or cut off from inconvience, injury, or danger; to shelter; to protect; to protect by hiding; to conceal; as, fruits screened from cold winds by a forest or hill.

They were encouraged and screened by some who were in high comands. Macaulay.

2. To pass, as coal, gravel, ashes, etc., through a screen in order to separate the coarse from the fine, or the worthless from the valuable; to sift. <-- 3. To examine a group of objects methodically, to separate them into groups or to select one or more for some purpose. As -- (a), To inspect the qualifications of candidates for a job, to select one or more to be hired. (b) (Biochem., Med) To test a large number of samples, in order to find those having specific desirable properties; as, to screen plant extracts for anticancer agents. -->

Screenings

Screen"ings (?), n. pl. The refuse left after screening sand, coal, ashes, etc.

Screw

Screw (?), n. [OE. scrue, OF. escroue, escroe, female screw, F. \'82crou, L. scrobis a ditch, trench, in LL., the hole made by swine in rooting; cf. D. schroef a screw, G. schraube, Icel. skr.]

1. A cylinder, or a cylindrical perforation, having a continuous rib, called the thread, winding round it spirally at a constant inclination, so as to leave a continuous spiral groove, between one turn and the next, -- used chiefly for producing, when revolved, motion or pressure in the direction of its axis, by the sliding of the threads of the cylinder in the grooves between the threads of the perforation adapted to it, the former being distinguished as the external, or male screw, or, more usually the screw; the latter as the internal, or female screw, or, more usually, the nut. &hand; The screw, as a mechanical power, is a modification of the inclined plane, and may be regarded as a right-angled triangle wrapped round a cylinder, the hypotenuse of the marking the spiral thread of the screw, its base equaling the circumference of the cylinder, and its height the pitch of the thread.

2. Specifically, a kind of nail with a spiral thread and a head with a nick to receive the end of the screw-driver. Screws are much used to hold together pieces of wood or to fasten something; -- called also wood screws, and screw nails. See also Screw bolt, below.

3. Anything shaped or acting like a screw; esp., a form of wheel for propelling steam vessels. It is placed at the stern, and furnished with blades having helicoidal surfaces to act against the water in the manner of a screw. See Screw propeller, below.

4. A steam vesel propelled by a screw instead of wheels; a screw steamer; a propeller.

5. An extortioner; a sharp bargainer; a skinflint; a niggard. Thackeray.

6. An instructor who examines with great or unnecessary severity; also, a searching or strict examination of a student by an instructor. [Cant, American Colleges]

7. A small packet of tobacco. [Slang] Mayhew.

8. An unsound or worn-out horse, useful as a hack, and commonly of good appearance. Ld. Lytton.

9. (Math.) A straight line in space with which a definite linear magnitude termed the pitch is associated (cf. 5th Pitch, 10 (b)). It is used to express the displacement of a rigid body, which may always be made to consist of a rotation about an axis combined with a translation parallel to that axis.

10. (Zo\'94l.) An amphipod crustacean; as, the skeleton screw (Caprella). See Sand screw, under Sand. Archimedes screw, Compound screw, Foot screw, etc. See under Archimedes, Compound, Foot, etc. -- A screw loose, something out of order, so that work is not done smoothly; as, there is a screw loose somewhere. H. Martineau. -- Endless, ∨ perpetual screw, a screw used to give motion to a toothed wheel by the action of its threads between the teeth of the wheel; -- called also a worm. -- Lag screw. See under Lag. -- Micrometer screw, a screw with fine threads, used for the measurement of very small spaces. -- Right and left screw, a screw having threads upon the opposite ends which wind in opposite directions. -- Screw alley. See Shaft alley, under Shaft. -- Screw bean. (Bot.) (a) The curious spirally coiled pod of a leguminous tree (Prosopis pubescens) growing from Texas to California. It is used for fodder, and ground into meal by the Indians. (b) The tree itself. Its heavy hard wood is used for fuel, for fencing, and for railroad ties. -- Screw bolt, a bolt having a screw thread on its shank, in distinction from a key bolt. See 1st Bolt, 3. -- Screw box, a device, resembling a die, for cutting the thread on a wooden screw. -- Screw dock. See under Dock. -- Screw engine, a marine engine for driving a screw propeller. -- Screw gear. See Spiral gear, under Spiral. -- Screw jack. Same as Jackscrew. -- Screw key, a wrench for turming a screw or nut; a spanner wrench. -- Screw machine. (a) One of a series of machines employed in the manufacture of wood screws. (b) A machine tool resembling a lathe, having a number of cutting tools that can be caused to act on the work successively, for making screws and other turned pieces from metal rods. -- Screw pine (Bot.), any plant of the endogenous genus Pandanus, of which there are about fifty species, natives of tropical lands from Africa to Polynesia; -- named from the spiral arrangement of the pineapple-like leaves. -- Screw plate, a device for cutting threads on small screws, consisting of a thin steel plate having a series of perforations with internal screws forming dies. -- Screw press, a press in which pressure is exerted by means of a screw. -- Screw propeller, a screw or spiral bladed wheel, used in the propulsion of steam vessels; also, a steam vessel propelled by a screw. -- Screw shell (Zo\'94l.), a long, slender, spiral gastropod shell, especially of the genus Turritella and allied genera. See Turritella. -- Screw steamer, a steamship propelled by a screw. -- Screw thread, the spiral which forms a screw. -- Screw stone (Paleon.), the fossil stem of an encrinite. -- Screw tree (Bot.), any plant of the genus Helicteres, consisting of about thirty species of tropical shrubs, with simple leaves and spirally twisted, five-celled capsules; -- also called twisted-horn, and twisty. -- Screw valve, a stop valve which is opened or closed by a screw. -- Screw worm (Zo\'94l.), the larva of an American fly (Compsomyia macellaria), allied to the blowflies, which sometimes deposits its eggs in the nostrils, or about wounds, in man and other animals, with fatal results. -- Screw wrench. (a) A wrench for turning a screw. (b) A wrench with an adjustable jaw that is moved by a screw. -- To put the screw, ∨ screws, on, to use pressure upon, as for the purpose of extortion; to coerce. -- To put under the screw ∨ screws, to subject to presure; to force. -- Wood screw, a metal screw with a sharp thread of coarse pitch, adapted to holding fast in wood. See Illust. of Wood screw, under Wood.

Screw

Screw (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Screwed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Screwing.]

1. To turn, as a screw; to apply a screw to; to press, fasten, or make firm, by means of a screw or screws; as, to screw a lock on a door; to screw a press.

2. To force; to squeeze; to press, as by screws.

But screw your courage to the sticking place, And we'll not fail. Shak.

3. Hence: To practice extortion upon; to oppress by unreasonable or extortionate exactions.

Our country landlords, by unmeasureable screwing and racking their tenants, have already reduced the miserable people to a worse condition than the peasants in France. swift.

4. To twist; to distort; as, to screw his visage.

He screwed his face into a hardened smile. Dryden.

5. To examine rigidly, as a student; to subject to a severe examination. [Cant, American Colleges] To screw out, to press out; to extort. -- To screw up, to force; to bring by violent pressure. Howell.<-- (b) to damage by unskillful effort; to bungle; to botch; to mess up. (c) [intrans] to fail by unskillful effort, usu. causing unpleasant consequences. --> -- To screw in, to force in by turning or twisting. <-- Screw around, (a) to act aimlessly or unproductively. (b) screw around with, to operate or make changes on (a machine or device) without expert knowledge; to fiddle with. [Colloq.] (c) commit adultery; to be sexually promiscuous. -->

Screw

Screw, v. i.

1. To use violent mans in making exactions; to be oppressive or exacting. Howitt.

2. To turn one's self uneasily with a twisting motion; as, he screws about in his chair. <-- Screwball, n. 1. an eccentric or crazy person; an oddball. 2. a baseball pitch that curves in the direction opposite to that of a curve ball. adj. eccentric; zany; crazy. -->

Screw-cutting

Screw"-cut`ting (?), a. Adapted for forming a screw by cutting; as, a screw-cutting lathe.

Screw-driver

Screw"-driv`er (?), n. A tool for turning screws so as to drive them into their place. It has a thin end which enters the nick in the head of the screw.

Screwer

Screw"er (?), n. One who, or that which, screws.

Screwing

Screw"ing, a. & n. from Screw, v. t. Screwing machine. See Screw machine, under Screw.

Scribable

Scrib"a*ble (?), a. [See Scribe.] Capable of being written, or of being written upon. [R.]

Scribatious

Scri*ba"tious (?), a. [See Scribe.] Skillful in, or fond of, writing. [Obs.] Barrow.

Scribbet

Scrib"bet (?), n. A painter's pencil.

Scribble

Scrib"ble (?), v. t. [Cf. Scrabble.] (Woolen Manuf.) To card coarsely; to run through the scribling machine.

Scribble

Scrib"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scribbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scribling (?).] [From Scrible.]

1. To write hastily or carelessly, without regard to correctness or elegance; as, to scribble a letter.

2. To fill or cover with careless or worthless writing.

Scribble

Scrib"ble, v. i. To write without care, elegance, or value; to scrawl.
If M\'91vius scribble in Apollo's spite. Pope.

Scribble

Scrib"ble, n. Hasty or careless writing; a writing of little value; a scrawl; as, a hasty scribble. Boyle.
Neither did I but vacant seasons spend In this my scribble. Bunyan.

Scribblement

Scrib"ble*ment (?), n. A scribble. [R.] oster.

Scribbler

Scrib"bler (?), n. One who scribles; a literary hack.
The scribbler, pinched with hunger, writes to dine. Granville.

Scribbler

Scrib"bler, n. A scribbling machine.

Scribbling

Scrib"bling (?), n. [See 1st Scribble.] The act or process of carding coarsely. Scribbing machine, the machine used for the first carding of wool or other fiber; -- called also scribbler.

Scribbling

Scrib"bling, a. Writing hastily or poorly.
Ye newspaper witlings! ye pert scribbling folks! Goldsmith.

Scribbling

Scrib"bling, n. The act of writing hastily or idly.

Scribblingly

Scrib"bling*ly, adv. In a scribbling manner.

Scribe

Scribe (?), n. [L. scriba, fr. scribere to write; cf. Gr. scarify. Cf. Ascribe, Describe, Script, Scrivener, Scrutoire.]

1. One who writes; a draughtsman; a writer for another; especially, an offical or public writer; an amanuensis or secretary; a notary; a copyist.

2. (Jewish Hist.) A writer and doctor of the law; one skilled in the law and traditions; one who read and explained the law to the people.


Page 1293

Scribe

Scribe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scribing.]

1. To write, engrave, or mark upon; to inscribe. Spenser.

2. (Carp.) To cut (anything) in such a way as to fit closely to a somewhat irregular surface, as a baseboard to a floor which is out of level, a board to the curves of a molding, or the like; -- so called because the workman marks, or scribe, with the compasses the line that he afterwards cuts.

3. To score or mark with compasses or a scribing iron. Scribing iron, an iron-pointed instrument for scribing, or marking, casks and logs.

Scribe

Scribe, v. i. To make a mark.
With the separated points of a pair of spring dividers scribe around the edge of the templet. A. M. Mayer.

Scriber

Scrib"er (?), n. A sharp-pointed tool, used by joiners for drawing lines on stuff; a marking awl.

Scribism

Scrib"ism (?), n. The character and opinions of a Jewish scribe in the time of Christ. F. W. Robertson.

Scrid

Scrid (?), n. A screed; a shred; a fragment. [R.]

Scriggle

Scrig"gle (?), v. i. To wriggle. [Prov. Eng.]

Scrim

Scrim (?), n.

1. A kind of light cotton or linen fabric, often woven in openwork patterns, -- used for curtains, etc,; -- called also India scrim.

2. pl. Thin canvas glued on the inside of panels to prevent shrinking, checking, etc.

Scrimer

Scri"mer (?), n. [F. escrimeur. See Skirmish.] A fencing master. [Obs.] Shak.

Scrimmage

Scrim"mage (?; 48), n. [A corruption of skirmish. "Sore scrymmishe." Ld. Berners.]] [Written also scrummage.]

1. Formerly, a skirmish; now, a general row or confused fight or struggle.

2. (Football) The struggle in the rush lines after the ball is put in play.

Scrimp

Scrimp (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrimped (?; 215); p. pr. & vb. n. Scrimping.] [Cf. Dan. skrumpe, G. schrumpfen, D. krimpen. Cf. Shrimp, Shrine.] To make too small or short; to limit or straiten; to put on short allowance; to scant; to contract; to shorten; as, to scrimp the pattern of a coat. <-- To economize. Scrimp and save. Economize and save the money not spent. -->

Scrimp

Scrimp, a. Short; scanty; curtailed.

Scrimp

Scrimp, n. A pinching miser; a niggard. [U.S.]

Scrimping

Scrimp"ing, a. & n. from Scrimp, v. t. Scrimping bar, a device used in connection with a calico printing machine for stretching the fabric breadthwise so that it may be smooth for printing. Knight.

Scrimpingly

Scrimp"ing*ly, adv. In a scrimping manner.

Scrimpness

Scrimp"ness, n. The state of being scrimp.

Scrimption

Scrimp"tion (?), n. A small portion; a pittance; a little bit. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Scrimshaw

Scrim"shaw` (?), v. t. To ornament, as shells, ivory, etc., by engraving, and (usually) rubbing pigments into the incised lines. [Sailor's cant. U.S.]

Scrimshaw

Scrim"shaw`, n. A shell, a whale's tooth, or the like, that is scrimshawed. [Sailor's cant, U.S.]

Scrine

Scrine (?), n. [L. scrinium a case for books, letters, etc.: cf. OF. escrin, F. \'82crin. See Shrine.] A chest, bookcase, or other place, where writings or curiosities are deposited; a shrine. [Obs.]
But laid them up in immortial scrine. Spenser.

Scrine

Scrine (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scringed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scringing (?).] [Cf. Cringe.] To cringe. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]

Scrip

Scrip (?), n. [OE. scrippe, probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. & OSw. skreppa, and also LL. scrippum, OF. esquerpe, escrepe, F. \'82charpe scarf. Cf. Scarp, Scarf a piece of dress.] A small bag; a wallet; a satchel. [Archaic] Chaucer.
And in requital ope his leathern scrip. Milton.

Scrip

Scrip, n. [From script.]

1. A small writing, certificate, or schedule; a piece of paper containing a writing.

Call them generally, man by man, according to the scrip. Shak.
Bills of exchange can not pay our debts abroad, till scrips of paper can be made current coin. Locke.

2. A preliminary certificate of a subscription to the capital of a bank, railroad, or other company, or for a share of other joint property, or a loan, stating the amount of the subscription and the date of the payment of the installments; as, insurance scrip, consol scrip, etc. When all the installments are paid, the scrip is exchanged for a bond share certificate.

3. Paper fractional currency. [Colloq.U.S.]

Scrippage

Scrip"page (?; 48), n. The contents of a scrip, or wallet. [Obs.] Shak.

Script

Script (?), n. [OE. scrit, L. scriptum something written, fr. scribere, scriptum to write: cf. OF. escript, , F. \'82crit. See Scribe, and cf. Scrip a writing.]

1. A writing; a written document. [Obs.] aucer.

2. (Print.) Type made in imitation of handwriting.

3. (Law) An original instrument or document.

4. Written characters; style of writing. <-- 5. The written document containing the dialogue and action for a drama; the text of a stage play, movie, or other performance. Especially, the final form used for the performance itself. -->

Scriptorium

Scrip*to"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Scriptoria (#). [LL. See Scriptory.] In an abbey or monastery, the room set apart for writing or copying manuscripts; in general, a room devoted to writing.
Writing rooms, or scriptoria, where the chief works of Latin literature . . . were copied and illuminated. J. R. Green.

Scriptory

Scrip"to*ry (?), a. [L. scriptorius, fr. scribere, scriptum to write.] Of or pertaining to writing; expressed in writing; used in writing; as, scriptory wills; a scriptory reed. [R.] Swift.

Scriptural

Scrip"tur*al (?; 135), a. Contained in the Scriptures; according to the Scriptures, or sacred oracles; biblical; as, a scriptural doctrine.

Scripturalism

Scrip"tur*al*ism (?), n. The quality or state of being scriptural; literal adherence to the Scriptures.

Scripturalist

Scrip"tur*al*ist, n. One who adheres literally to the Scriptures.

Scripturally

Scrip"tur*al*ly, adv. In a scriptural manner.

Scripturalness

Scrip"tur*al*ness, n. Quality of being scriptural.

Scripture

Scrip"ture (?; 135), n. [L. scriptura, fr. scribere, scriptum, to write: cf. OF. escripture, escriture, F. \'82criture. See Scribe.]

1. Anything written; a writing; a document; an inscription.

I have put it in scripture and in remembrance. Chaucer.
Then the Lord of Manny read the scripture on the tomb, the which was in Latin. Ld. Berners.

2. The books of the Old and the new Testament, or of either of them; the Bible; -- used by way of eminence or distinction, and chiefly in the plural.

There is not any action a man ought to do, or to forbear, but the Scripture will give him a clear precept or prohibition for it. South.
Compared with the knowledge which the Scripteres contain, every other subject of human inquiry is vanity. Buckminster.

3. A passage from the Bible;; a text.

The devil can eite Scripture for his purpose. Shak.
Hanging by the twined thread of one doubtful Scripture. Milton.

Scripturian

Scrip*tu"ri*an (?), n. A Scripturist. [Obs.]

Scripturist

Scrip"tur*ist (?; 135), n. One who is strongly attached to, or versed in, the Scriptures, or who endeavors to regulate his life by them.
The Puritan was a Scripturist with all his heart, if as yet with imperfect intelligence . . . he cherished the scheme of looking to the Word of God as his sole and universal directory. Palfrey.

Scrit

Scrit (?), n. [See Script.] Writing; document; scroll. [Obs.] "Of every scrit and bond." Chaucer.

Scritch

Scritch (?), n. A screech. [R.]
Perhaps it is the owlet's scritch. Coleridge.

Scrivener

Scrive"ner (? ∨ ?), n. [From older scrivein, OF. escrivain, F. \'82crivain, LL. scribanus, from L. scribere to write. See Scribe.]

1. A professional writer; one whose occupation is to draw contracts or prepare writings. Shak.

The writer better scrivener than clerk. Fuller.

2. One whose business is to place money at interest; a broker. [Obs.] ryden.

3. A writing master. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Scrivener's palsy. See Writer's cramp, under Writer.

Scrobicula

Scro*bic"u*la (?), n.; pl. Scrobicul\'91 (#). [NL. See Scrobiculate.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the smooth areas surrounding the tubercles of a sea urchin.

Scrobicular

Scro*bic"u*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or surrounding, scrobicul\'91; as, scrobicular tubercles.

Scrobiculate, Scrobiculated

Scro*bic"u*late (?), Scro*bic"u*la`ted (?), a. [L. scrobiculus, dim. of scrobis a ditch or trench.] (Bot.) Having numerous small, shallow depressions or hollows; pitted.

Scrod, Scrode

Scrod (?), Scrode (?), n. A young codfish, especially when cut open on the back and dressed. [Written also escrod.] [Local, U.S.]

Scroddled ware

Scrod"dled ware` (?). Mottled pottery made from scraps of differently colored clays.

Scrofula

Scrof"u*la (?), n. [L. scrofulae, fr. scrofa a breeding sow, because swine were supposed to be subject to such a complaint, or by a fanciful comparison of the glandular swellings to little pigs; perhaps akin to Gr. scrofules. Cf. Scroyle.] (Med.) A constitutional disease, generally hereditary, especially manifested by chronic enlargement and cheesy degeneration of the lymphatic glands, particularly those of the neck, and marked by a tendency to the development of chronic intractable inflammations of the skin, mucous membrane, bones, joints, and other parts, and by a diminution in the power of resistance to disease or injury and the capacity for recovery. Scrofula is now generally held to be tuberculous in character, and may develop into general or local tuberculosis (consumption).

Scrofulide

Scrof"u*lide (? ∨ ?), n. (Med.) Any affection of the skin dependent on scrofula.

Scrofulous

Scrof"u*lous (?), a. [Cf. F. scrofuleux.]

1. Pertaining to scrofula, or partaking of its nature; as, scrofulous tumors; a scrofulous habit of body.

2. Diseased or affected with scrofula.

Scrofulous persons can never be duly nourished. Arbuthnot.
-- Scorf"u*lous*ly, adv. -- Scrof"u*lous*ness, n.

Scrog

Scrog (?), n. [Cf. Scrag, or Gael. sgrogag anything shriveled, from sgrag to compress, shrivel.] A stunted shrub, bush, or branch. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Scroggy

Scrog"gy (?), a. Abounding in scrog; also, twisted; stunted. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.

Scroll

Scroll (?), n. [A dim. of OE. scroue, scrowe (whence E. escrow), OF. escroe, escroue, F. \'82crou entry in the jail book, LL. scroa scroll, probably of Teutonic origin; cf. OD. schroode a strip, shred, slip of paper, akin to E. shred. Cf. Shred, Escrow.]

1. A roll of paper or parchment; a writing formed into a roll; a schedule; a list.

The heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll. Isa. xxxiv. 4.
Here is the scroll of every man's name. Shak.

2. (Arch.) An ornament formed of undulations giving off spirals or sprays, usually suggestive of plant form. Roman architectural ornament is largely of some scroll pattern.

3. A mark or flourish added to a person's signature, intended to represent a seal, and in some States allowed as a substitute for a seal. [U.S.] Burrill.

4. (Geom.) Same as Skew surface. See under Skew. Linen scroll (Arch.) See under Linen. -- Scroll chuck (Mach.), an adjustable chuck, applicable to a lathe spindle, for centering and holding work, in which the jaws are adjusted and tightened simultaneously by turning a disk having in its face a spiral groove which is entered by teeth on the backs of the jaws. -- Scroll saw. See under Saw.

Scrolled

Scrolled (?), a. Formed like a scroll; contained in a scroll; adorned with scrolls; as, scrolled work.

Scrophularia

Scroph`u*la"ri*a (?), n. [NL. So called because it was reputed to be remedy for scrofula.] (Bot.) A genus of coarse herbs having small flowers in panicled cymes; figwort.

Scrophulariaceous

Scroph`u*la`ri*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a very large natural order of gamopetalous plants (Scrophulariace\'91, or Scrophularine\'91), usually having irregular didynamous flowers and a two-celled pod. The order includes the mullein, foxglove, snapdragon, figwort, painted cup, yellow rattle, and some exotic trees, as the Paulownia.

Scrotal

Scro"tal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the scrotum; as, scrotal hernia.

Scrotiform

Scro"ti*form (?), a. [L. scrotum scrotum + -form.] Purse-shaped; pouch-shaped.

Scrotocele

Scro"to*cele (?), n. [Scrotum + Gr. scrotoc\'82le.] (Med.) A rupture or hernia in the scrotum; scrotal hernia.

Scrotum

Scro"tum (?), n. [L.] (Anat.) The bag or pouch which contains the testicles; the cod.

Scrouge

Scrouge (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain.] To crowd; to squeeze. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]

Scrow

Scrow (? ∨ ?), n. [See Escrow, Scroll.]

1. A scroll. [Obs.] Palsgrave.

2. A clipping from skins; a currier's cuttings.

Scroyle

Scroyle (?), n. [Cf. OF. escrouselle a kind of vermin, escrouelles, pl., scrofula, F. \'82crouelles, fr. (assumed) LL. scrofulae. See Scrofula, and cf. Cruels.] A mean fellow; a wretch. [Obs.] hak.

Scrub

Scrub (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrubbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scrubbing.] [OE. scrobben, probably of Dutch or Scand. origin; cf. Dan. sckrubbe, Sw. skrubba, D. schrobben, LG. schrubben.] To rub hard; to wash with rubbing; usually, to rub with a wet brush, or with something coarse or rough, for the purpose of cleaning or brightening; as, to scrub a floor, a doorplate.

Scrub

Scrub, v. i. To rub anything hard, especially with a wet brush; to scour; hence, to be diligent and penurious; as, to scrub hard for a living.

Scrub

Scrub, n.

1. One who labors hard and lives meanly; a mean fellow. "A sorry scrub." Bunyan.

We should go there in as proper a manner possible; nor altogether like the scrubs about us. Goldsmith.

2. Something small and mean.

3. A worn-out brush. Ainsworth.

4. A thicket or jungle, often specified by the name of the prevailing plant; as, oak scrub, palmetto scrub, etc.

5. (Stock Breeding) One of the commen live stock of a region of no particular breed or not of pure breed, esp. when inferior in size, etc. [U.S.] Scrub bird (Zo\'94l.), an Australian passerine bird of the family Atrichornithid\'91, as Atrichia clamosa; -- called also brush bird. -- Scrub oak (Bot.), the popular name of several dwarfish species of oak. The scrub oak of New England and the Middle States is Quercus ilicifolia, a scraggy shrub; that of the Southern States is a small tree (Q. Catesb\'91i); that of the Rocky Mountain region is Q. undulata, var. Gambelii. -- Scrub robin (Zo\'94l.), an Australian singing bird of the genus Drymodes.

Scrub

Scrub, a. Mean; dirty; contemptible; scrubby.
How solitary, how scrub, does this town lokk! Walpole.
No little scrub joint shall come on my board. Swift.
Scrub game, a game, as of ball, by unpracticed players. -- Scrub race, a race between scrubs, or between untrained animals or contestants.

Scrubbed

Scrub"bed (?), a. Dwarfed or stunted; scrubby.

Scrubber

Scrub"ber (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, scrubs; esp., a brush used in scrubbing.

2. (Gas Manuf.) A gas washer. See under Gas.

Scrubboard

Scrub"board` (?), n. A baseboard; a mopboard.

Scrubby

Scrub"by (?), a. [Compar. Scrubbier (?); superl. Scrubbiest.] Of the nature of scrub; small and mean; stunted in growth; as, a scrubby cur. "Dense, scrubby woods." Duke of Argull.

Scrubstone

Scrub"stone` (?), n. A species of calciferous sandstone. [Prov. Eng.]

Scruff

Scruff (?), n. [See Scurf.] Scurf. [Obs.]

Scruff

Scruff, n. [Cf. Scuff.] The nape of the neck; the loose outside skin, as of the back of the neck.

Scrummage

Scrum"mage (?; 43), n. See Scrimmage.

Scrumptious

Scrump"tious (?), a. Nice; particular; fastidious; excellent; fine. [Slang]

Scrunch

Scrunch (?), v. t. & v. i. [Cf. Scranch, Crunch.] To scranch; to crunch. Dickens.

Scruple

Scru"ple (?), n. [L. scrupulus a small sharp or pointed stone, the twenty-fourth part of an ounce, a scruple, uneasiness, doubt, dim. of scrupus a rough or sharp stone, anxiety, uneasiness; perh. akin to Gr. kshura: cf. F. scrupule.]

1. A weight of twenty grains; the third part of a dram.

2. Hence, a very small quantity; a particle.

I will not bate thee a scruple. Shak.

3. Hesitation as to action from the difficulty of determining what is right or expedient; unwillingness, doubt, or hesitation proceeding from motives of conscience.

He was made miserable by the conflict between his tastes and his scruples. Macaulay.
To make scruple, to hesitate from conscientious motives; to scruple. Locke.

Scruple

Scru"ple, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrupled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skrupling (?).] To be reluctant or to hesitate, as regards an action, on account of considerations of conscience or expedience.
We are often over-precise, scrupling to say or do those things which lawfully we may. Fuller.
Men scruple at the lawfulness of a set form of divine worship. South.

Scruple

Scru"ple, v. t.

1. To regard with suspicion; to hesitate at; to question.

Others long before them . . . scrupled more the books of hereties than of gentiles. Milton.

2. To excite scruples in; to cause to scruple. [R.]

Letters which did still scruple many of them. E. Symmons.

Scrupler

Scru"pler (?), n. One who scruples.

Scrupulist

Scru"pu*list (?), n. A scrupler. [Obs.]

Scruou-lize

Scru"ou-lize (?), v. t. To perplex with scruples; to regard with scruples. [Obs.] Bp. Montagu.
Page 1294

Scrupulosity

Scru`pu*los"i*ty (?), n. [L. scrupulositas.] The quality or state of being scruppulous; doubt; doubtfulness respecting decision or action; caution or tenderness from the far of doing wrong or ofending; nice regard to exactness and propierty; precision.
The first sacrilege is looked on with horror; but when they have made the breach, their scrupulosity soon retires. Dr. H. More.
Careful, even to scrupulosity, . . . to keep their Sabbath. South.

Scrupulous

Scru"pu*lous (?), a. [L. scrupulosus: cf. F. scrupuleux.]

1. Full ofscrupules; inclined to scruple; nicely doubtful; hesitating to determine or to act, from a fear of offending or of doing wrong.

Abusing their liberty, to the offense of their weak brethren which were scrupulous. Hooker.

2. Careful; cautious; exact; nice; as, scrupulous abstinence from labor; scrupulous performance of duties.

3. Given to making objections; captious. [Obs.]

Equality of two domestic powers Breed scrupulous faction. Shak.

4. Liable to be doubted; doubtful; nice. [Obs.]

The justice of that cause ought to be evident; not obscrure, not scrupulous. Bacon.
Syn. -- Cautious; careful; conscientious; hesitating. -- Scru"pu*lous*ly, adv. -- Scru"pu*lous*ness, n.

Scrutable

Scru"ta*ble (?), a. Discoverable by scrutiny, inquiry, or critical examination. [R.] r. H. More.

Scrutation

Scru*ta"tion (?), n. [L. scrutatio.] Search; scrutiny. [Obs.]

Scrutator

Scru*ta"tor (?), n. [L.] One who scrutinizes; a close examiner or inquirer. Ayliffe.

Scrutineer

Scru`ti*neer (?), n. A scrutinizer; specifically, an examiner of votes, as at an election.

Scrutinize

Scru"ti*nize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrutinized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scrutinizing (?).] [From Scrutiny.] To examine closely; to inspect or observe with critical attention; to regard narrowly; as, to scrutinize the measures of administration; to scrutinize the conduct or motives of individuals.
Whose votes they were obliged to scrutinize. Ayliffe.
Thscrutinized his face the closest. G. W. Cable.

Scrutinize

Scru"ti*nize, v. i. To make scrutiny.

Scrutinizer

Scru"ti*ni`zer (?), n. One who scrutinizes.

Scrutinous

Scru"ti*nous (?), a. Closely examining, or inquiring; careful; sctrict. -- Scru"ti*nous*ly, adv.

Scrutiny

Scru"ti*ny (?), n. [L. scrutinium, fr. scrutari to search carefuly, originally, to search even to the rags, fr. scruta trash, trumpery; perhaps akin to E. shred: cf. AS. scrudnian to make scrutiny.]

1. Close examination; minute inspection; critical observation.

They that have designed exactness and deep scrutiny have taken some one part of nature. Sir M. Hale.
Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view And narrower scrutiny. Milton.

2. (Anc. Church) An examination of catechumens, in the last week of Lent, who were to receive baptism on Easter Day.

3. (Canon Law) A ticket, or little paper billet, on which a vote is written.

4. (Parliamentary Practice) An examination by a committee of the votes given at an election, for the purpose of correcting the poll. Brande & C.

Scrutiny

Scru"ti*ny, v. t. To scrutinize. [Obs.]

Scrutoire

Scru*toire" (?), n. [OF. escritoire. See Escritoire.] A escritoire; a writing desk.

Scruze

Scruze (?), v. t. [Cf. Excruciate.] To squeeze, compress, crush, or bruise. [Obs. or Low] Spenser.

Scry

Scry (?), v. t. To descry. [Obs.] Spenser.

Scry

Scry, n. [From Scry, v.] A flock of wild fowl.

Scry

Scry, n. [OE. ascrie, fr. ascrien to cry out, fr. OF. escrier, F. s'\'82crier. See Ex-, and Cry.] A cry or shout. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.

Scud

Scud (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scudded; p. pr. & vb. n. Scudding.] [Dan. skyde to shoot, shove, push, akin to skud shot, gunshot, a shoot, young bough, and to E. shoot. &root;159. See Shoot.]

1. To move swiftly; especially, to move as if driven forward by something.

The first nautilus that scudded upon the glassy surface of warm primeval oceans. I. Taylor.
The wind was high; the vast white clouds scudded over the blue heaven. Beaconsfield.

2. (Naut.) To be driven swiftly, or to run, before a gale, with little or no sail spread.

Scud

Scud, v. t. To pass over quickly. [R.] Shenstone.

Scud

Scud, n.

1. The act of scudding; a driving along; a rushing with precipitation.

2. Loose, vapory clouds driven swiftly by the wind.

Borne on the scud of the sea. Longfellow.
The scud was flying fast above us, throwing a veil over the moon. Sir S. Baker.

3. A slight, sudden shower. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A small flight of larks, or other birds, less than a flock. [Prov. Eng.]

5. (Zo\'94l.) Any swimming amphipod crustacean. Storm scud. See the Note under Cloud.

Scuddle

Scud"dle (?), v. i. [Freq. of scud: cf. Scuttle to hurry.] To run hastily; to hurry; to scuttle.

Scudo

Scu"do (?), n.; pl. Scudi (#). [It., a crown, a dollar, a shield, fr. L. scutum a shield. Cf. Scute.] (Com.) (a) A silver coin, and money of account, used in Italy and Sicily, varying in value, in different parts, but worth about 4 shillings sterling, or about 96 cents; also, a gold coin worth about the same. (b) A gold coin of Rome, worth 64 shillings 11 pence sterling, or about $ 15.70.

Scuff

Scuff (?), n. [Cf. D. schoft shoulder, Goth. skuft hair of the head. Cf. Scruff.] The back part of the neck; the scruff. [Prov. Eng.] Ld. Lytton.

Scuff

Scuff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scuffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scuffing.] [See Scuffle.] To walk without lifting the feet; to proceed with a scraping or dragging movement; to shuffle.

Scuffle

Scuf"fle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scuffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scuffling (?).] [Freq. of scuff, v.i.; cf. Sw. skuffa to push, shove, skuff a push, Dan. skuffe a drawer, a shovel, and E. shuffle, shove. See Shove, and cf. Shuffle.]

1. To strive or struggle with a close grapple; to wrestle in a rough fashion.

2. Hence, to strive or contend tumultuously; to struggle confusedly or at haphazard.

A gallant man had rather fight to great disadvantage in the field, in an orderly way, than scuffle with an undisciplined rabble. Eikon Basilike.

Scuffle

Scuf"fle, n.

1. A rough, haphazard struggle, or trial of strength; a disorderly wrestling at close quarters.

2. Hence, a confused contest; a tumultuous struggle for superiority; a fight.

The dog leaps upon the serpent, and tears it to pieces; but in the scuffle the cradle happened to be overturned. L'Estrange.

3. A child's pinafore or bib. [Prov. Eng.]

4. A garden hoe. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Scuffler

Scuf"fler (?), n.

1. One who scuffles.

2. An agricultural implement resembling a scarifier, but usually lighter.

Scug

Scug (?), v. i. [Cf. Dan. skugge to darken, a shade, SW. skugga to shade, a shade, Icel. skuggja to shade, skuggi a shade.] To hide. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Scug

Scug, n. A place of shelter; the declivity of a hill. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Sculk, Sculker

Sculk (?), Sculk"er (?). See Skulk, Skulker.

Scull

Scull (?), n. (Anat.) The skull. [Obs.]

Scull

Scull, n. [See 1st School.] A shoal of fish. Milton.

Scull

Scull, n. [Of uncertain origin; cf. Icel. skola to wash.]

1. (Naut.) (a) A boat; a cockboat. See Sculler. (b) One of a pair of short oars worked by one person. (c) A single oar used at the stern in propelling a boat.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The common skua gull. [Prov. Eng.]

Scull

Scull, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sculled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sculling.] (Naut.) To impel (a boat) with a pair of sculls, or with a single scull or oar worked over the stern obliquely from side to side.

Scull

Scull, v. i. To impel a boat with a scull or sculls.

Sculler

Scull"er (?), n.

1. A boat rowed by one man with two sculls, or short oars. [R.] Dryden.

2. One who sculls.

Scullery

Scul"ler*y (?), n.; pl. Sculleries (#). [Probably originally, a place for washing dishes, and for swillery, fr. OE. swilen to wash, AS. swilian (see Swill to wash, to drink), but influenced either by Icel. skola, skyla, Dan. skylle, or by OF. escuelier a place for keeping dishes, fr. escuele a dish, F. \'82cuelle, fr. L. scutella a salver, waiter (cf. Scuttle a basket); or perhaps the English word is immediately from the OF. escuelier; cf. OE. squyllare a dishwasher.]

1. A place where dishes, kettles, and culinary utensils, are cleaned and kept; also, a room attached to the kitchen, where the coarse work is done; a back kitchen.

2. Hence, refuse; fifth; offal. [Obs.] auden.

Scullion

Scul"lion (?), n. (Bot.) A scalion.

Scullion

Scul"lion, n. [OF. escouillon (Cot.) a dishclout, apparently for escouvillon, F. \'82couvillon a swab; cf. also OF. souillon a servant employed for base offices. Cf. Scovel.] A servant who cleans pots and kettles, and does other menial services in the kitchen.
The meanest scullion that followed his camp. South.

Scullionly

Scul"lion*ly, a. Like a scullion; base. [Obs.] Milton.

Sculp

Sculp (?), v. t. [See Sculptor.] To sculpture; to carve; to engrave. [Obs. or Humorous.] Sandys.

Sculpin

Scul"pin (?), n. [Written also skulpin.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of marine cottoid fishes of the genus Cottus, or Acanthocottus, having a large head armed with sharp spines, and a broad mouth. They are generally mottled with yellow, brown, and black. Several species are found on the Atlantic coasts of Europe and America. (b) A large cottoid market fish of California (Scorp\'91nichthys marmoratus); -- called also bighead, cabezon, scorpion, salpa. (c) The dragonet, or yellow sculpin, of Europe (Callionymus lura). &hand; The name is also applied to other related California species. Deep-water sculpin, the sea raven.

Sculptile

Sculp"tile (?), a. [L. sculptilis. See Sculptor.] Formed by carving; graven; as, sculptile images. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Sculptor

Sculp"tor (?), n. [L. sculptor, fr. sculpere, sculptum, to carve; cf. scalpere to cut, carve, scratch, and Gr. sculpteur.]

1. One who sculptures; one whose occupation is to carve statues, or works of sculpture.

2. Hence, an artist who designs works of sculpture, his first studies and his finished model being usually in a plastic material, from which model the marble is cut, or the bronze is cast.

Sculptress

Sculp"tress (?), n. A female sculptor.

Sculptural

Sculp"tur*al (?; 135), a. Of or pertaining to sculpture. G. Eliot.

Sculpture

Sculp"ture (?; 135), n. [L. sculptura: cf. F. sculpture.]

1. The art of carving, cutting, or hewing wood, stone, metal, etc., into statues, ornaments, etc., or into figures, as of men, or other things; hence, the art of producing figures and groups, whether in plastic or hard materials.

2. Carved work modeled of, or cut upon, wood, stone, metal, etc.

There, too, in living sculpture, might be seen The mad affection of the Cretan queen. Dryden.

Sculpture

Sculp"ture (?; 135), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sculptured (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sculpturing.] To form with the chisel on, in, or from, wood, stone, or metal; to carve; to engrave. Sculptured tortoise (Zo\'94l.), a common North American wood tortoise (Glyptemys insculpta). The shell is marked with strong grooving and ridges which resemble sculptured figures.

Sculpturesque

Sculp`tur*esque" (?), a. After the manner of sculpture; resembling, or relating to, sculpture.

Scum

Scum (?), n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. skum, Icel. sk, LG. schum, D. schuim, OHG. sc, G. schaum; probably from a root meaning, to cover. &root;158. Cf. Hide skin, Meerschaum, Skim, v., Sky.]

1. The extraneous matter or impurities which rise to the surface of liquids in boiling or fermentation, or which form on the surface by other means; also, the scoria of metals in a molten state; dross.

Some to remove the scum it did rise. Spenser.

2. refuse; recrement; anything vile or worthless.

The great and innocent are insulted by the scum and refuse of the people. Addison.

Scum

Scum, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scummed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scumming (?).]

1. To take the scum from; to clear off the impure matter from the surface of; to skim.

You that scum the molten lead. Dryden & Lee.

2. To sweep or range over the surface of. [Obs.]

Wandering up and down without certain seat, they lived by scumming those seas and shores as pirates. Milton.

Scum

Scum, v. i. To form a scum; to become covered with scum. Also used figuratively.
Life, and the interest of life, have stagnated and scummed over. A. K. H. Boyd.

Scumber

Scum"ber (?), v. i. [Cf. Discumber.] To void excrement. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Massinger.

Scumber

Scum"ber, n. Dung. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Scumble

Scum"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scumbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scumbling (?).] [Freq. of scum. &root; 158.] (Fine Arts) To cover lighty, as a painting, or a drawing, with a thin wash of opaque color, or with color-crayon dust rubbed on with the stump, or to make any similar additions to the work, so as to produce a softened effect.

Scumbling

Scum"bling (?), n.

1. (Fine Arts) (a) A mode of obtaining a softened effect, in painting and drawing, by the application of a thin layer of opaque color to the surface of a painting, or part of the surface, which is too bright in color, or which requires harmonizing. (b) In crayon drawing, the use of the stump.

2. The color so laid on. Also used figuratively.

Shining above the brown scumbling of leafless orchards. L. Wallace.

Scummer

Scum"mer (?), v. i. To scumber. [Obs.] Holland.

Scummer

Scum"mer, n. Excrement; scumber. [Obs.]

Scummer

Scum"mer, n. [Cf. OF. escumoire, F. \'82cumoire. See Scum, and cf. Skimmer.] An instrument for taking off scum; a skimmer.

Scumming

Scum"ming (?), n. (a) The act of taking off scum. (b) That which is scummed off; skimmings; scum; -- used chiefly in the plural.

Scummy

Scum"my (?), a. Covered with scum; of the nature of scum. Sir P. Sidney.

Scunner

Scun"ner (?), v. t. [Cf. Shun.] To cause to loathe, or feel disgust at. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

Scunner

Scun"ner, v. i. To have a feeling of loathing or disgust; hence, to have dislike, prejudice, or reluctance. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] C. Kingsley.

Scunner

Scun"ner, n. A feeling of disgust or loathing; a strong prejudice; abhorrence; as, to take a scunner against some one. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Carlyle.

Scup

Scup (?), n. [D. schop.] A swing. [Local, U.S.]

Scup

Scup, n. [Contr. fr. American Indian mishc\'97p, fr. mishe-kuppi large, thick-scaled.] (Zo\'94l.) A marine sparoid food fish (Stenotomus chrysops, or S. argyrops), common on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It appears bright silvery when swimming in the daytime, but shows broad blackish transverse bands at night and when dead. Called also porgee, paugy, porgy, scuppaug. &hand; The same names are also applied to a closely allied Southern species. (Stenotomus Gardeni).

Scuppaug

Scup"paug (?), n. [Contr. fr. Amer. Indian mishcuppauog, pl. of mishcup.] (Zo\'94l.) See 2d Scup.

Scupper

Scup"per (?), n. [OF. escopir, escupir, to spit, perhaps for escospir, L. ex + conspuere to spit upon; pref. con- + spuere to spit. Cf. Spit, v.] (Naut.) An opening cut through the waterway and bulwarks of a ship, so that water falling on deck may flow overboard; -- called also scupper hole.
Page 1295

Scupper hose (Naut.), a pipe of leather, canvas, etc., attached to the mouth of the scuppers, on the outside of a vessel, to prevent the water from entering. Totten. -- Scupper nail (Naut.), a nail with a very broad head, for securing the edge of the hose to the scupper. -- Scupper plug (Naut.), a plug to stop a scupper. Totten.

Scuppernong

Scup"per*nong (?), n. [Probably of American Indian origin.] (Bot.) An American grape, a form of Vitis vulpina, found in the Southern Atlantic States, and often cultivated.

Scur

Scur (?), v. i. [Cf. Scour to run.] To move hastily; to scour. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Scurf

Scurf (?), n. [AS. scurf, sceorf, or from Scand.; cf. Sw. skorf, Dan. skurv, Icel. skurfur, D. schurft, G. schorf; all akin to AS. scurf, and to AS. sceorfan to scrape, to gnaw, G. sch\'81rfen to scrape, and probably also to E. scrape. Cf. Scurvy.]

1. Thin dry scales or scabs upon the body; especially, thin scales exfoliated from the cuticle, particularly of the scalp; dandruff.

2. Hence, the foul remains of anything adherent.

The scurf is worn away of each committed crime. Dryden.

3. Anything like flakes or scales adhering to a surface.

There stood a hill not far, whose grisly top Belched fire and rolling smoke; the rest entire Shone with a glossy scurf. Milton.

4. (Bot.) Minute membranous scales on the surface of some leaves, as in the goosefoot. Gray.

Scurff

Scurff (?), n. The bull trout. [Prov. Eng.]

Scurfiness

Scurf"i*ness, n.

1. Quality or state of being scurfy.

2. (Bot.) Scurf.

Scurfy

Scurf"y (?), a. [Compar. Scurfier (?); superl. Scurfiest.] Having or producing scurf; covered with scurf; resembling scurf.

Scurrier

Scur"ri*er (?), n. One who scurries.

Scurrile

Scur"rile (?), a. [L. scurrilis, fr. scurra a bufoon, jester: cf. F. scurrile.] Such as befits a buffoon or vulgar jester; grossly opprobrious or loudly jocose in language; scurrilous; as, scurrile taunts.
The wretched affectation of scurrile laughter. Cowley.
A scurrile or obscene jest will better advance you at the court of Charles than father's ancient name. Sir W. Scott.

Scurrility

Scur*ril"i*ty (?), n. [L. scurrilitas: cf. F.scurrilit\'82.]

1. The quality or state of being scurrile or scurrilous; mean, vile, or obscene jocularity.

Your reasons . . . have been sharp and sententious, pleasant without scurrility. Shak.

2. That which is scurrile or scurrilous; gross or obscene language; low buffoonery; vulgar abuse.

Interrupting prayers and sermons with clamor and scurrility. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Scurrilousness; abuse; insolence; vulgarity; indecency.

Scurrilous

Scur"ril*ous (?), a. [See Scurrile.]

1. Using the low and indecent language of the meaner sort of people, or such as only the license of buffoons can warrant; as, a scurrilous fellow.

2. Containing low indecency or abuse; mean; foul; vile; obscenely jocular; as, scurrilous language.

The absurd and scurrilous sermon which had very unwisely been honored with impeachment. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Opprobrious; abusive; reproachful; insulting; insolent; offensive; gross; vile; vulgar; low; foul; foul-mounthed; indecent; scurrile; mean. -- Scur"ril*ous*ly, adv. -- Scur"ril*ous*ness, n.

Scurrit

Scur"rit (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) the lesser tern (Sterna minuta). [Prov. Eng.]

Scurry

Scur"ry (?), v. i. [Cf. Scur, Skirr.] To hasten away or along; to move rapidly; to hurry; as, the rabbit scurried away.

Scurry

Scur"ry, n. Act of scurring; hurried movement.

Scurvily

Scur"vi*ly (?), adv. In a scurvy manner.

Scurviness

Scur"vi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being scurvy; vileness; meanness.

Scurvy

Scur"vy (?), a. [Compar. Scurvier (?); superl. Scurviest.] [From Scurf; cf. Scurvy, n.]

1. Covered or affected with scurf or scabs; scabby; scurfy; specifically, diseased with the scurvy. "Whatsoever man . . . be scurvy or scabbed." lev. xxi. 18, 20.

2. Vile; mean; low; vulgar; contemptible. "A scurvy trick." Ld. Lytton.

That scurvy custom of taking tobacco. Swift.
[He] spoke spoke such scurvy and provoking terms. Shak.

Scurvy

Scur"vy, n. [Probably from the same source as scirbute, but influenced by scurf, scurfy, scurvy, adj.; cf. D. scheurbuik scurvy, G. scharbock, LL. scorbutus. Cf. Scorbute.] (Med.) A disease characterized by livid spots, especially about the thighs and legs, due to extravasation of blood, and by spongy gums, and bleeding from almost all the mucous membranes. It is accompanied by paleness, languor, depression, and general debility. It is occasioned by confinement, innutritious food, and hard labor, but especially by lack of fresh vegetable food, or confinement for a long time to a limited range of food, which is incapable of repairing the waste of the system. It was formerly prevalent among sailors and soldiers.<-- caused by lack of vitamin C --> Scurvy grass [Scurvy + grass; or cf. Icel. skarfak\'bel scurvy grass.] (Bot.) A kind of cress (Cochlearia officinalis) growing along the seacoast of Northern Europe and in arctic regions. It is a remedy for the scurvy, and has proved a valuable food to arctic explorers. The name is given also to other allied species of plants.

Scut

Scut (?), n. [Cf. Icel. skott a fox's tail. &root; 159.] [Obs.] The tail of a hare, or of a deer, or other animal whose tail is short, sp. when carried erect; hence, sometimes, the animal itself. "He ran like a scut." Skelton.
How the Indian hare came to have a long tail, wheras that part in others attains no higher than a scut. Sir T. Browne.
My doe with the black scut. Shak.

Scuta

Scu"ta (?), n. pl. See Scutum.

Scutage

Scu"tage (?; 48), n. [LL. scutagium, from L. scutum a shield.] (Eng. Hist.) Shield money; commutation of service for a sum of money. See Escuage.

Scutal

Scu"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a shield.
A good example of these scutal monstrosities. Cussans.

Scutate

Scu"tate (?), a. [L. scutatus armed with a shield, from scutum a shield.]

1. Buckler-shaped; round or nearly round.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Protected or covered by bony or horny plates, or large scales.

Scutch

Scutch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scutched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scutching.] [See Scotch to cut slightly.]

1. To beat or whip; to drub. [Old or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

2. To separate the woody fiber from (flax, hemp, etc.) by beating; to swingle.

3. To loosen and dress the fiber of (cotton or silk) by beating; to free (fibrous substances) from dust by beating and blowing. Scutching machine, a machine used to scutch cotton, silk, or flax; -- called also batting machine.

Scutch

Scutch, n.

1. A wooden instrument used in scutching flax and hemp.

2. The woody fiber of flax; the refuse of scutched flax. "The smoke of the burning scutch." Cuthbert Bede.

Scutcheon

Scutch"eon (?), n. [Aphetic form of escutcheon.]

1. An escutcheon; an emblazoned shield. Bacon.

The corpse lay in state, with all the pomp of scutcheons, wax lights, black hangings, and mutes. Macaulay.

2. A small plate of metal, as the shield around a keyhole. See Escutcheon, 4.

Scutcheoned

Scutch"eoned (?), a. Emblazoned on or as a shield.
Scutcheoned panes in cloisters old. Lowell.

Scutcher

Scutch"er (?), n.

1. One who scutches.

2. An implement or machine for scutching hemp, flax, or cotton; etc.; a scutch; a scutching machine.

Scutch grass

Scutch" grass` (?). (Bot.) A kind of pasture grass (Cynodon Dactylon). See Bermuda grass: also Illustration in Appendix.

Scute

Scute (?), n. [L. scutum a shield, a buckler. See Scudo.]

1. A small shield. [Obs.] Skelton.

2. An old French gold coin of the value of 3s. 4d. sterling, or about 80 cents.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A bony scale of a reptile or fish; a large horny scale on the leg of a bird, or on the belly of a snake.

Scutella

Scu*tel"la (?), n. pl. See Scutellum.

Scutella

Scu*tel"la, n.; pl. Scutelle (#). [NL., fem. dim. of L. scutum.] (Zo\'94l.) See Scutellum, n., 2.

Scutellate, Scutellated

Scu"tel*late (?), Scu"tel*la`ted (?), a. [L. scutella a dish, salver. Cf. Scuttle a basket.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Formed like a plate or salver; composed of platelike surfaces; as, the scutellated bone of a sturgeon. Woodward.

2. [See Scutellum.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the tarsi covered with broad transverse scales, or scutella; -- said of certain birds.

Scutellation

Scu`tel*la"tion (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) the entire covering, or mode of arrangement, of scales, as on the legs and feet of a bird.

Scutelliform

Scu*tel"li*form (?), a. [L. scutella a dish + -form.]

1. Scutellate.

2. (Bot.) Having the form of a scutellum.

Scutelliplantar

Scu*tel`li*plan"tar (?), a. [L. scutellus a shield + planta foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Having broad scutella on the front, and small scales on the posterior side, of the tarsus; -- said of certain birds.

Scutellum

Scu*tel"lum (?), n.; pl. Scutella (#). [NL., neut. dim. of L. scutum a shield.]

1. (Bot.) A rounded apothecium having an elevated rim formed of the proper thallus, the fructification of certain lichens.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The third of the four pieces forming the upper part of a thoracic segment of an insect. It follows the scutum, and is followed by the small postscutellum; a scutella. See Thorax. (b) One of the transverse scales on the tarsi and toes of birds; a scutella.

Scutibranch

Scu"ti*branch (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Scutibranchiate. -- n. One of the Scutibranchiata.

Scutibranchia

Scu`ti*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scutibranchiata.

Scutibranchian

Scu`ti*bran"chi*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Scutibranchiata.

Scutibranchiata

Scu`ti*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Scutum, and Branchia.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of gastropod Mollusca having a heart with two auricles and one ventricle. The shell may be either spiral or shieldlike. &hand; It is now usually regarded as including only the Rhipidoglossa and the Docoglossa. When originally established, it included a heterogenous group of mollusks having shieldlike shells, such as Haliotis, Fissurella, Carinaria, etc.

Scutibranchiate

Scu`ti*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the gills protected by a shieldlike shell; of or pertaining to the Scutibranchiata. -- n. One of the Scutibranchiata.

Scutiferous

Scu*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. scutum shield + -ferous.] Carrying a shield or buckler.

Scutiform

Scu"ti*form (?), a. [L. scutum shield + -form: cf. F. scutiforme.] Shield-shaped; scutate.

Scutiger

Scu"ti*ger (?), n. [NL., fr. L. scutum shield + gerere to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of chilopod myriapods of the genus Scutigera. They sometimes enter buildings and prey upon insects.

Scutiped

Scu"ti*ped (?), a. [L. scutum a shield + pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F. scutip\'8ade.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior surface of the tarsus covered with scutella, or transverse scales, in the form of incomplete bands terminating at a groove on each side; -- said of certain birds.

Scuttle

Scut"tle (?), n. [AS. scutel a dish, platter; cf. Icel. skutill; both fr. L. scutella, dim. of scutra, scuta, a dish or platter; cf. scutum a shield. Cf. Skillet.]

1. A broad, shallow basket.

2. A wide-mouthed vessel for holding coal: a coal hod.

Scuttle

Scut"tle, v. i. [For scuddle, fr. scud.] To run with affected precipitation; to hurry; to bustle; to scuddle.
With the first dawn of day, old Janet was scuttling about the house to wake the baron. Sir W. Scott.

Scuttle

Scut"tle, n. A quick pace; a short run. Spectator.

Scuttle

Scut"tle (?), n. [OF. escoutille, F. \'82scoutille, cf. Sp. escotilla; probably akin to Sp. escoter to cut a thing so as to make it fit, to hollow a garment about the neck, perhaps originally, to cut a bosom-shaped piece out, and of Teutonic origin; cf. D. schoot lap, bosom, G. schoss, Goth. skauts the hem of a garnment. Cf. Sheet an expanse.]

1. A small opening in an outside wall or covering, furnished with a lid. Specifically: (a) (Naut.) A small opening or hatchway in the deck of a ship, large enough to admit a man, and with a lid for covering it, also, a like hole in the side or bottom of a ship. (b) An opening in the roof of a house, with a lid.

2. The lid or door which covers or closes an opening in a roof, wall, or the like. Scuttle butt, ∨ Scuttle cask (Naut.), a butt or cask with a large hole in it, used to contain the fresh water for daily use in a ship.<-- se scuttlebutt --> Totten.

Scuttle

Scut"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scuttled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scuttling.]

1. To cut a hole or holes through the bottom, deck, or sides of (as of a ship), for any purpose.

2. To sink by making holes through the bottom of; as, to scuttle a ship. <-- Scuttlebutt. 1. scuttle butt. 2. A drinking fountain on boards a ship or at a naval station. 3. The latest gossip; rumors. -->

Scutum

Scu"tum (?), n.; pl. Scuta (#). [L.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; -- carried chiefly by the heavy-armed infantry.

2. (O. Eng. Law) A penthouse or awning. [Obs.] Burrill.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The second and largest of the four parts forming the upper surface of a thoracic segment of an insect. It is preceded by the prescutum and followed by the scutellum. See the Illust. under Thorax. (b) One of the two lower valves of the operculum of a barnacle.

Scybala

Scyb"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Hardened masses of feces.

Scye

Scye (?), n. Arm scye, a cutter's term for the armhole or part of the armhole of the waist of a garnment. [Cant]

Scyle

Scyle (?), v. t. [AS. scylan to withdraw or remowe.] To hide; to secrete; to conceal. [Obs.]

Scylla

Scyl"la (?), n. A dangerous rock on the Italian coast opposite the whirpool Charybdis on the coast of Sicily, -- both personified in classical literature as ravenous monsters. The passage between them was formerly considered perilous; hence, the saying "Between Scylla and Charybdis," signifying a great peril on either hand.

Scyll\'91a

Scyl*l\'91"a (?), n. [NL. See Scylla.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of oceanic nudibranchiate mollusks having the small branched gills situated on the upper side of four fleshy lateral lobes, and on the median caudal crest. &hand; In color and form these mollusks closely imitate the fronds of sargassum and other floathing seaweeds among which they live.

Scyllarian

Scyl*la"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a family (Scyllarid\'91) of macruran Crustacea, remarkable for the depressed form of the body, and the broad, flat antenn\'91. Also used adjectively.

Scyllite

Scyl"lite (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline substance of a sweetish taste, resembling inosite and metameric with dextrose. It is extracted from the kidney of the dogfish (of the genus Scylium), the shark, and the skate.

Scymetar

Scym"e*tar (?), n. See Scimiter.

Scypha

Scy"pha (?), n.; pl. Scyphae (#). [NL.] (Bot.) See Scyphus, 2 (b).

Scyphiform

Scy"phi*form (?), a. [L. scyphus a cup + -form.] (Bot.) Cup-shaped.

Scyphistoma

Scy*phis"to*ma (?), n.; pl. Scyphistomata (#), Scyphistom\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The young attached larva of Discophora in the stage when it resembles a hydroid, or actinian.

Scyphobranchii

Scy`pho*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of fishes including the blennioid and gobioid fishes, and other related families.

Scyphomeduse

Scy`pho*me*du"se (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. medusa.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Acraspeda, or Discophora.

Scyphophori

Scy*phoph"o*ri (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of fresh-water fishes inhabiting tropical Africa. They have rudimentary electrical organs on each side of the tail.

Scyphus

Scy"phus (?), n.; pl. Scyphi (#). [L., a cup, Gr.

1. (Antiq.) A kind of large drinking cup, -- used by Greeks and Romans, esp. by poor folk.

2. (Bot.) (a) The cup of a narcissus, or a similar appendage to the corolla in other flowers. (b) A cup-shaped stem or podetium in lichens. Also called scypha. See Illust. of Cladonia pyxidata, under Lichen.

Scythe

Scythe (s&imac;th), n. [OE. sithe, AS. s\'c6\'ebe, sig\'ebe; akin to Icel. sig\'ebr a sickle, LG. segd, seged, seed, seid, OHG. segansa sickle, scythe, G. sense scythe, and to E. saw a cutting instrument. See Saw.] [Written also sithe and sythe.]

1. An instrument for mowing grass, grain, or the like, by hand, composed of a long, curving blade, with a sharp edge, made fast to a long handle, called a snath, which is bent into a form convenient for use.

The sharp-edged scythe shears up the spiring grass. Dryden.
The scythe of Time mows down. Milton.

2. (Antiq.) A scythe-shaped blade attached to ancient war chariots.


Page 1296

Scythe

Scythe (?), v. t. To cut with a scythe; to cut off as with a scythe; to mow. [Obs.]
Time had not scythed all that youth begun. Shak.

Scythed

Scythed (?), a. Armed scythes, as a chariot.
Chariots scythed, On thundering axles rolled. Glover.

Scytheman

Scythe"man (?), n.; pl. Scythemen (. One who uses a scythe; a mower. Macaulay.

Scythestone

Scythe"stone` (?), n. A stone for sharpening scythes; a whetstone.

Scythewhet

Scythe"whet` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Wilson's thrush; -- so called from its note. [Local, U.S.]

Scythian

Scyth"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Scythia (a name given to the northern part of Asia, and Europe adjoining to Asia), or its language or inhabitants. Scythian lamb. (Bot.) See Barometz.

Scythian

Scyth"i*an, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Scythia; specifically (Ethnol.), one of a Slavonic race which in early times occupied Eastern Europe.

2. The language of the Scythians.

Scytodermata

Scy`to*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Holothurioidea.

Sdan

Sdan (?), v. & n. Disdain. [Obs.] Spenser.

'Sdeath

'Sdeath (?), interj. [Corrupted fr. God's death.] An exclamation expressive of impatience or anger. Shak.

Sdeign

Sdeign (?), v. t. To disdain. [Obs.]
But either sdeigns with other to partake. Spenser.

Sea

Sea (?), n. [OE. see, AS. s&aemac;; akin to D. zee, OS. & OHG. s&emac;o, G. see, OFries. se, Dan. s\'94, Sw. sj\'94, Icel. s\'91r, Goth. saiws, and perhaps to L. saevus firce, savage. &root; 151 a.]

1. One of the larger bodies of salt water, less than an ocean, found on the earth's surface; a body of salt water of second rank, generally forming part of, or connecting with, an ocean or a larger sea; as, the Mediterranean Sea; the Sea of Marmora; the North Sea; the Carribean Sea.

2. An inland body of water, esp. if large or if salt or brackish; as, the Caspian Sea; the Sea of Aral; sometimes, a small fresh-water lake; as, the Sea of Galilee.

3. The ocean; the whole body of the salt water which covers a large part of the globe.

I marvel how the fishes live in the sea. Shak.
Ambiguous between sea and land The river horse and scaly crocodile. Milton.

4. The swell of the ocean or other body of water in a high wind; motion of the water's surface; also, a single wave; a billow; as, there was a high sea after the storm; the vessel shipped a sea.

5. (Jewish Antiq.) A great brazen laver in the temple at Jerusalem; -- so called from its size.

He made a molten sea of ten cubits from brim to brim, round in compass, and five cubits the height thereof. 2 Chron. iv. 2.

6. Fig.: Anything resembling the sea in vastness; as, a sea of glory. Shak.

All the space . . . was one sea of heads. Macaulay.
&hand; Sea is often used in the composition of words of obvious signification; as, sea-bathed, sea-beaten, sea-bound, sea-bred, sea-circled, sealike, sea-nursed, sea-tossed, sea-walled, sea-worn, and the like. It is also used either adjectively or in combination with substantives; as, sea bird, sea-bird, or seabird, sea acorn, or sea-acorn. At sea, upon the ocean; away from land; figuratively, without landmarks for guidance; lost; at the mercy of circumstances. "To say the old man was at sea would be too feeble an expression." G. W. Cable -- At full sea at the height of flood tide; hence, at the height. "But now God's mercy was at full sea." Jer. Taylor. -- Beyond seas, ∨ Beyond the sea ∨ the seas (Law), out of the state, territory, realm, or country. Wharton. -- Half seas over, half drunk. [Colloq.] Spectator. -- Heavy sea, a sea in which the waves run high. -- Long sea, a sea characterized by the uniform and steady motion of long and extensive waves. -- Short sea, a sea in which the waves are short, broken, and irregular, so as to produce a tumbling or jerking motion. -- To go to sea, a adopt the calling or occupation of a sailor.

Sea acorn

Sea" a"corn (?). (Zo\'94l.) An acorn barnacle (Balanus).

Sea adder

Sea" ad"der (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European fifteen-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus spinachia); -- called also bismore. (b) The European tanglefish, or pipefish (Syngnathus acus).

Sea anchor

Sea" an"chor (?). (Naut.) See Drag sail, under 4th Drag.

Sea amenone

Sea" a*men"o*ne (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of soft-bodied Anthozoa, belonging to the order Actrinaria; an actinian. &hand; They have the oral disk surrounded by one or more circles of simple tapering tentacles, which are often very numerous, and when expanded somewhat resemble the petals of flowers, with colors varied and often very beautiful.

Sea ape

Sea" ape` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The thrasher shark. (b) The sea otter.

Sea apple

Sea" ap"ple (?). (Bot.) The fruit of a West Indian palm (Manicaria Plukenetii), often found floating in the sea. A. Grisebach.

Sea arrow

Sea" ar"row (?). (Zo\'94l.) A squid of the genus Ommastrephes. See Squid.

Sea bank

Sea" bank` (?).

1. The seashore. Shak.

2. A bank or mole to defend against the sea.

Sea-bar

Sea"-bar` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A tern.

Sea barrow

Sea" bar"row (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea purse.

Sea bass

Sea" bass`. ((Zo\'94l.) (a) A large marine food fish (Serranus, ∨ Centropristis, atrarius) which abounds on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It is dark bluish, with black bands, and more or less varied with small white spots and blotches. Called also, locally, blue bass, black sea bass, blackfish, bluefish, and black perch. (b) A California food fish (Cynoscion nobile); -- called also white sea bass, and sea salmon.

Sea bat

Sea" bat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Batfish (a).

Seabeach

Sea"beach` (?), n. A beach lying along the sea. "The bleak seabeach." Longfellow.

Sea bean

Sea" bean (?). (Bot.) Same as Florida bean.

Sea bear

Sea" bear` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any fur seal. See under Fur. (b) The white bear.

Seabeard

Sea"beard` (?), n. (Bot.) A green seaweed (Cladophora rupestris) growing in dense tufts.

Sea beast

Sea" beast` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large marine mammal, as a seal, walrus, or cetacean.

Sea bird

Sea" bird` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any swimming bird frequenting the sea; a sea fowl.

Sea blite

Sea" blite` (?). (Bot.) A plant (Su\'91da maritima) of the Goosefoot family, growing in salt marches.

Sea-blubber

Sea"-blub"ber (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A jellyfish.

Seaboard

Sea"board` (?), n. [Sea + board, F. bord side.] The seashore; seacoast. Ld. Berners.

Seaboard

Sea"board`, a. Bordering upon, or being near, the sea; seaside; seacoast; as, a seaboard town.

Seaboard

Sea"board`, adv. Toward the sea. [R.]

Seaboat

Sea"boat` (?). [AS. s&aemac;b\'bet.]

1. A boat or vessel adapted to the open sea; hence, a vessel considered with reference to her power of resisting a storm, or maintaining herself in a heavy sea; as, a good sea boat.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A chitin.

Seabord

Sea"bord` (?), n. & a. See Seaboard.

Sea-bordering

Sea"-bor"der*ing (?), a. Bordering on the sea; situated beside the sea. Drayton.

Sea-born

Sea"-born` (?), a.

1. Born of the sea; produced by the sea. "Neptune and his sea-born niece." Waller.

2. Born at sea.

Seabound

Sea"bound` (?), a. Bounded by the sea.

Sea bow

Sea" bow` (?). See Marine rainbow, under Rainbow.

Sea boy

Sea" boy` (?). A boy employed on shipboard.

Sea breach

Sea" breach` (?). A breaking or overflow of a bank or a dike by the sea. L'Estrange.

Sea bream

Sea" bream` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of sparoid fishes, especially the common European species (Pagellus centrodontus), the Spanish (P. Oweni), and the black sea bream (Cantharus lineatus); -- called also old wife.

Sea brief

Sea" brief` (?). Same as Sea letter.

Sea bug

Sea" bug` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A chiton.

Sea-built

Sea"-built` (?), a. Built at, in, or by the sea.

Sea butterfly

Sea" but"ter*fly` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A pteropod.

Sea cabbage

Sea" cab"bage (?; 48). (Bot.) See Sea kale, under Kale.

Sea calf

Sea" calf` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The common seal.

Sea canary

Sea" ca*na"ry (?). [So called from a whistling sound which it makes.] (Zo\'94l.) The beluga, or white whale.

Sea captain

Sea" cap"tain (?). The captain of a vessel that sails upon the sea.

Sea card

Sea" card` (?). Mariner's card, or compass.

Sea catfish. Sea cat

Sea" cat`fish (?). Sea" cat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The wolf fish. (b) Any marine siluroid fish, as \'92lurichthys marinus, and Arinus felis, of the eastern coast of the United States. Many species are found on the coasts of Central and South America.

Sea chart

Sea" chart` (?). A chart or map on which the lines of the shore, islands, shoals, harbors, etc., are delineated.

Sea chickweed

Sea" chick"weed` (?). (Bot.) A fleshy plant (Arenaria peploides) growing in large tufts in the sands of the northern Atlantic seacoast; -- called also sea sandwort, and sea purslane.

Sea clam

Sea" clam` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the large bivalve mollusks found on the open seacoast, especially those of the family Mactrid\'91, as the common American species. (Mactra, ∨ Spisula, solidissima); -- called also beach clam, and surf clam.

Sea coal

Sea" coal` (?). Coal brought by sea; -- a name by which mineral coal was formerly designated in the south of England, in distinction from charcoal, which was brought by land. Sea-coal facing (Founding), facing consisting of pulverized bituminous coal.

Seacoast

Sea"coast` (?), n. The shore or border of the land adjacent to the sea or ocean. Also used adjectively.

Sea cob

Sea" cob` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The black-backed gull.

Sea cock

Sea" cock` (?).

1. In a steamship, a cock or valve close to the vessel's side, for closing a pipe which communicates with the sea.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The black-bellied plover. (b) A gurnard, as the European red gurnard (Trigla pini).

Sea cocoa

Sea" co"coa (?). (Bot.) A magnificent palm (Lodoicea Sechellarum) found only in the Seychelles Islands. The fruit is an immense two-lobed nut. It was found floating in the Indian Ocean before the tree was known, and called sea cocoanut, and double cocoanut.

Sea colander

Sea" col"an*der (?). (Bot.) A large blackfish seaweed (Agarum Turneri), the frond of which is punctured with many little holes.

Sea colewort

Sea" cole"wort` (?). (Bot.) Sea cabbage.

Sea compass

Sea" com"pass (?). The mariner's compass. See under Compass.

Sea coot

Sea" coot` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A scoter duck.

Sea corn

Sea" corn` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A yellow cylindrical mass of egg capsule of certain species of whelks (Buccinum), which resembles an ear of maize.

Sea cow

Sea" cow` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The mantee. (b) The dugong. (c) The walrus.

Sea crawfish. Sea crayfish

Sea" craw"fish` (?). Sea" cray"fish` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any crustacean of the genus Palinurus and allied genera, as the European spiny lobster (P. vulgaris), which is much used as an article of food. See Lobster.

Sea crow

Sea" crow` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The chough. [Ireland] (b) The cormorant. (c) The blackheaded pewit, and other gulls. (d) The skua. (e) The razorbill. [Orkney Islands] (f) The coot.

Sea cucumber

Sea" cu"cum*ber (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large holothurian, especially one of those belonging to the genus Pentacta, or Cucumaria, as the common American and European species. (P. frondosa).

Sea dace

Sea" dace` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The European sea perch.

Sea daffodil

Sea" daf"fo*dil (?). (Bot.) A European amarylidaceous plant (Pancratium maritimum).

Sea devil

Sea" dev`il (?) (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any very large ray, especially any species of the genus Manta or Cepholoptera, some of which become more than twenty feet across and weigh several tons. See also Ox ray, under Ox. (b) Any large cephalopod, as a large Octopus, or a giant squid (Architeuthis). See Devilfish. (c) The angler.

Sea dog

Sea" dog` (?).

1. (Zo\'94l.) The dogfish. (b) The common seal.

2. An old sailor; a salt. [Colloq.]

Sea dotterel

Sea" dot"ter*el (?). (Zo\'94l.) The turnstone.

Sea dove

Sea" dove` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The little auk, or rotche. See Illust. of Rotche.

Sea dragon

Sea" drag"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A dragonet, or sculpin. (b) The pegasus.

Sea drake

Sea" drake` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The pewit gull.

Sea duck

Sea" duck` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of ducks which frequent the seacoasts and feed mainly on fishes and mollusks. The scoters, eiders, old squaw, and ruddy duck are examples. They may be distinguished by the lobate hind toe.

Sea eagle

Sea" ea"gle (?).

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of fish-eating eagles of the genus Hali\'91etus and allied genera, as the North Pacific sea eagle. (H. pelagicus), which has white shoulders, head, rump, and tail; the European white-tailed eagle (H. albicilla); and the Indian white-tailed sea eagle, or fishing eagle (Polioa\'89tus ichthya\'89tus). The bald eagle and the osprey are also sometimes classed as sea eagles.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The eagle ray. See under Ray.

Sea-ear

Sea"-ear` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of ear-shaped shells of the genus Haliotis. See Abalone.

Sea eel

Sea" eel` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The conger eel.

Sea egg

Sea" egg` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea urchin.

Sea elephant

Sea" el"e*phant (?). (Zo\'94l.) A very large seal (Macrorhinus proboscideus) of the Antarctic seas, much hunted for its oil. It sometimes attains a length of thirty feet, and is remarkable for the prolongation of the nose of the adult male into an erectile elastic proboscis, about a foot in length. Another species of smaller size (M. angustirostris) occurs on the coast of Lower California, but is now nearly extinct.
Page 1297

Sea fan

Sea" fan" (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gorgonian which branches in a fanlike form, especially Gorgonia flabellum of Florida and the West Indies.

Seafarer

Sea"far`er (?), n. [Sea + fare.] One who follows the sea as a business; a mariner; a sailor.

Seafaring

Sea"far`ing, a. Following the business of a mariner; as, a seafaring man.

Sea feather

Sea" feath"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gorgonian which branches in a plumelike form.

Sea fennel

Sea" fen"nel (?). (Bot.) Samphire.

Sea fern

Sea" fern" (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gorgonian which branches like a fern.

Sea fight

Sea" fight` (?). An engagement between ships at sea; a naval battle.

Sea fir

Sea" fir` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sertularian hydroid, especially Sertularia abietina, which branches like a miniature fir tree.

Sea flewer

Sea" flew"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea anemone, or any related anthozoan.

Sea foam

Sea" foam` (?).

1. Foam of sea water.

2. (Min.) Meerschaum; -- called also sea froth.

Sea fowl

Sea" fowl` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any bird which habitually frequents the sea, as an auk, gannet, gull, tern, or petrel; also, all such birds, collectively.

Sea fox

Sea" fox` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The thrasher shark. See Thrasher.

Sea froth

Sea" froth` (?; 115). See Sea foam, 2.

Sea-gate, Sea-gait

Sea"-gate`, Sea"-gait`, n. A long, rolling swell of the sea. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Sea gauge

Sea" gauge` (?). See under Gauge, n.

Sea gherkin, ∨ Sea girkin

Sea" gher`kin (?), ∨ Sea" gir"kin (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any small holothurian resembling in form a gherkin.

Sea ginger

Sea" gin"ger (?). (Zo\'94l.) A hydroid coral of the genus Millepora, especially M. alcicornis, of the West Indies and Florida. So called because it stings the tongue like ginger. See Illust. under Millepore.

Sea girdles

Sea" gir"dles (?). (Bot.) A kind of kelp (Laminaria digitata) with palmately cleft fronds; -- called also sea wand, seaware, and tangle.

Seagirt

Sea"girt` (?), a. Surrounded by the water of the sea or ocean; as, a seagirt isle. Milton.

Sea god

Sea" god` (?). A marine deity; a fabulous being supposed to live in, or have dominion over, the sea, or some particular sea or part of the sea, as Neptune.

Sea goddess

Sea" god"dess (?). A goddess supposed to live in or reign over the sea, or some part of the sea.

Seagoing

Sea"go`ing (?), a. Going upon the sea; especially, sailing upon the deep sea; -- used in distinction from coasting or river, as applied to vessels.

Sea goose

Sea" goose` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A phalarope.

Sea gown

Sea" gown` (?). A gown or frock with short sleeves, formerly worn by mariners. Shak.

Sea grape

Sea" grape` (?).

1. (Bot.) (a) The gulf weed. See under Gulf. (b) A shrubby plant (Coccoloba uvifera) growing on the sandy shores of tropical America, somewhat resembling the grapevine.

2. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The clusters of gelatinous egg capsules of a squid (Loligo).

Sea grass

Sea" grass` (?). (Bot.) Eelgrass.

Sea green

Sea" green` (?). The green color of sea water.

Sea-green

Sea"-green`, a. Of a beautiful bluish green color, like sea water on soundings.

Sea gudgeon

Sea" gud"geon (?). (Zo\'94l.) The European black goby (Gobius niger).

Sea gull

Sea" gull` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gull living on the seacoast.

Seah

Se"ah (?), n. A Jewish dry measure containing one third of an an ephah.

Sea hare

Sea" hare` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any tectibranchiate mollusk of the genus Aplysia. See Aplysia.

Sea hawk

Sea" hawk` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A jager gull.

Sea heath

Sea" heath` (?). (Bot.) A low perennial plant (Frankenia l\'91vis) resembling heath, growing along the seashore in Europe.

Sea hedgehog

Sea" hedge"hog` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea urchin.

Sea hen

Sea" hen` (?). (Zo\'94l.) the common guillemot; -- applied also to various other sea birds.

Sea hog

Sea" hog` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The porpoise.

Sea holly

Sea" hol"ly (?). (Bot.) An evergeen seashore plant (Eryngium maritimum). See Eryngium.

Sea holm

Sea" holm` (?). A small uninhabited island.

Sea holm

Sea" holm`. (Bot.) Sea holly.

Sea horse

Sea" horse` (?).

1. A fabulous creature, half horse and half fish, represented in classic mythology as driven by sea dogs or ridden by the Nereids. It is also depicted in heraldry. See Hippocampus.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The walrus. (b) Any fish of the genus Hippocampus. &hand; In a passage of Dryden's, the word is supposed to refer to the hippopotamus.

Sea hulver

Sea" hul"ver (?). (Bot.) Sea holly.

Sea-island

Sea"-is`land (?), a. Of or pertaining to certain islands along the coast of South Carolina and Georgia; as, sea-island cotton, a superior cotton of long fiber produced on those islands.

Sea jelly

Sea" jel"ly (?). (Zo\'94l.) A medusa, or jellyfish.

Seak

Seak (?), n. Soap prepared for use in milling cloth.

Sea kale

Sea" kale" (?). (Bot.) See under Kale.

Sea king

Sea" king` (?). One of the leaders among the Norsemen who passed their lives in roving the seas in search of plunder and adventures; a Norse pirate chief. See the Note under Viking.

Seal

Seal (?), n. [OE. sele, AS. seolh; akin to OHG. selah, Dan. s\'91l, Sw. sj\'84l, Icel. selr.] (Zo\'94l.) Any aquatic carnivorous mammal of the families Phocid\'91 and Otariid\'91. &hand; Seals inhabit seacoasts, and are found principally in the higher latitudes of both hemispheres. There are numerous species, bearing such popular names as sea lion, sea leopard, sea bear, or ursine seal, fur seal, and sea elephant. The bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), the hooded seal (Cystophora crustata), and the ringed seal (Phoca f\'d2tida), are northern species. See also Eared seal, Harp seal, and Fur seal, under Eared, Harp, Monk, and Fur. Seals are much hunted for their skins and fur, and also for their oil, which in some species is very abundant. Harbor seal (Zo\'94l.), the common seal (Phoca vitulina). It inhabits both the North Atlantic and the North Pacific Ocean, and often ascends rivers; -- called also marbled seal, native seal, river seal, bay seal, land seal, sea calf, sea cat, sea dog, dotard, ranger, selchie, tangfish.

Seal

Seal, n. [OE. seel, OF. seel, F. sceau, fr. L. sigillum a little figure or image, a seal, dim. of signum a mark, sign, figure, or image. See Sign, n., and cf. Sigil.]

1. An engraved or inscribed stamp, used for marking an impression in wax or other soft substance, to be attached to a document, or otherwise used by way of authentication or security.

2. Wax, wafer, or other tenacious substance, set to an instrument, and impressed or stamped with a seal; as, to give a deed under hand and seal.

Till thou canst rail the seal from off my bond Thou but offend;st thy lungs to speak so loud. Shak.

3. That which seals or fastens; esp., the wax or wafer placed on a letter or other closed paper, etc., to fasten it.

4. That which confirms, ratifies, or makes stable; that which authenticates; that which secures; assurance. "under the seal of silence." Milton.

Like a red seal is the setting sun On the good and the evil men have done. Lonfellow.

5. An arrangement for preventing the entrance or return of gas or air into a pipe, by which the open end of the pipe dips beneath the surface of water or other liquid, or a deep bend or sag in the pipe is filled with the liquid; a draintrap. Great seal. See under Great. -- Privy seal. See under Privy, a. -- Seal lock, a lock in which the keyhole is covered by a seal in such a way that the lock can not be opened without rupturing the seal. Seal manual. See under Manual, a. -- Seal ring, a ring having a seal engraved on it, or ornamented with a device resembling a seal; a signet ring. Shak.

Seal

Seal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sealed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skaling.] [OE. selen; cf. OF. seeler, seieler, F. sceller, LL. sigillare. See Seal a stamp.]

1. To set or affix a seal to; hence, to authenticate; to confirm; to ratify; to establish; as, to seal a deed.

And with my hand I seal my true heart's love. Shak.

2. To mark with a stamp, as an evidence of standard exactness, legal size, or merchantable quality; as, to seal weights and measures; to seal silverware.

3. To fasten with a seal; to attach together with a wafer, wax, or other substance causing adhesion; as, to seal a letter.

4. Hence, to shut close; to keep close; to make fast; to keep secure or secret.

Seal up your lips, and give no words but "mum". Shak.

5. To fix, as a piece of iron in a wall, with cement, plaster, or the like. Gwilt.

6. To close by means of a seal; as, to seal a drainpipe with water. See 2d Seal, 5.

7. Among the Mormons, to confirm or set apart as a second or additional wife. [Utah, U.S.]

If a man once married desires a second helpmate . . . she is sealed to him under the solemn sanction of the church. H. Stansbury.

Seal

Seal, v. i. To affix one's seal, or a seal. [Obs.]
I will seal unto this bond. Shak.

Sea laces

Sea" la"ces (?). (Bot.) A kind of seaweed (Chorda Filum) having blackish cordlike fronds, often many feet long.

Sea lamprey

Sea" lam"prey (?). (Zo\'94l.) The common lamprey.

Sea language

Sea" lan"guage (?). The peculiar language or phraseology of seamen; sailor's cant.

Sea lark

Sea" lark` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The rock pipit (Anthus obscurus). (b) Any one of several small sandpipers and plovers, as the ringed plover, the turnstone, the dunlin, and the sanderling.

Sea lavender

Sea" lav"en*der (?). (Bot.) See Marsh rosemary, under Marsh.

Sea lawyer

Sea" law"yer (?). (Zo\'94l.) The gray snapper. See under Snapper.

Seal-brown

Seal"-brown` (?), a. Of a rich dark brown color, like the fur of the fur seal after it is dyed.

Sea legs

Sea" legs` (?). Legs able to maintain their possessor upright in stormy weather at sea, that is, ability stand or walk steadily on deck when a vessel is rolling or pitching in a rough sea. [Sailor's Cant] Totten.

Sea lemon

Sea" lem"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of nudibranchiate mollusks of the genus Doris and allied genera, having a smooth, thick, convex yellow body.

Sea leopard

Sea" leop"ard (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of spotted seals, especially Ogmorhinus leptonyx, and Leptonychotes Weddelli, of the Antarctic Ocean. The North Pacific sea leopard is the harbor seal.

Sealer

Seal"er (?), n. One who seals; especially, an officer whose duty it is to seal writs or instruments, to stamp weights and measures, or the like.

Sealer

Sealer, n. A mariner or a vessel engaged in the business of capturing seals.

Sea letter

Sea" let"ter (?). (Mar. Law.) The customary certificate of national character which neutral merchant vessels are bound to carry in time of war; a passport for a vessel and cargo.

Sea lettuce

Sea" let"tuce (?). (Bot.) The green papery fronds of several seaweeds of the genus Ulva, sometimes used as food.

Sea level

Sea" lev"el (?). The level of the surface of the sea; any surface on the same level with the sea.

Sealgh, Selch

Sealgh (?), Selch, n.. (Zo\'94l.) A seal. [Scotch]

Sea lily

Sea" lil"y (?). (Zo\'94l.) A crinoid.

Sealing wax

Seal"ing wax` (?). A compound of the resinous materials, pigments, etc., used as a material for seals, as for letters, documents, etc.

Sea lion

Sea" li"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several large species of seals of the family Otariid\'91 native of the Pacific Ocean, especially the southern sea lion (Otaria jubata) of the South American coast; the northern sea lion (Eumetopias Stelleri) found from California to Japan; and the black, or California, sea lion (Zalophus Californianus), which is common on the rocks near San Francisco.

Sea loach

Sea" loach" (?). (Zo\'94l.) The three-bearded rockling. See Rockling.

Sea louse

Sea" louse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of isopod crustaceans of Cymothoa, Livoneca, and allied genera, mostly parasites on fishes.

Seam

Seam (?), n. [See Saim.] Grease; tallow; lard. [Obs. or prov. Eng.] Shak. Dryden.

Seam

Seam, n. [OE. seem, seam, AS. se\'a0m; akin to D. zoom, OHG. soum, G. saum, LG. soom, Icel. saumr, Sw. & Dan. s\'94m, and E. sew. &root; 156. See Sew to fasten with thread.]

1. The fold or line formed by sewing together two pieces of cloth or leather.

2. Hence, a line of junction; a joint; a suture, as on a ship, a floor, or other structure; the line of union, or joint, of two boards, planks, metal plates, etc.

Precepts should be so finely wrought together . . . that no coarse seam may discover where they join. Addison.

3. (geol. & Mining) A thin layer or stratum; a narrow vein between two thicker strata; as, a seam of coal.

4. A line or depression left by a cut or wound; a scar; a cicatrix. Seam blast, a blast by putting the powder into seams or cracks of rocks. -- Seam lace, a lace used by carriage makers to cover seams and edges; -- called also seaming lace. -- Seam presser. (Agric.) (a) A heavy roller to press down newly plowed furrows. (b) A tailor's sadiron for pressing seams. Knight. -- Seam set, a set for flattering the seams of metal sheets, leather work, etc.

Seam

Seam, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seaming.]

1. To form a seam upon or of; to join by sewing together; to unite.

2. To mark with something resembling a seam; to line; to scar.

Seamed o'Pope.

3. To make the appearance of a seam in, as in knitting a stocking; hence, to knit with a certain stitch, like that in such knitting.

Seam

Seam, v. i. To become ridgy; to crack open.
Later their lips began to parch and seam. L. Wallace.

Seam

Seam, n. [AS. se\'a0m, LL. sauma, L. sagma a packsaddle, fr. Gr. Sumpter.] A denomination of weight or measure. Specifically: (a) The quantity of eight bushels of grain. "A seam of oats." P. Plowman. (b) The quantity of 120 pounds of glass. [Eng.]

Sea-maid

Sea"-maid` (?), n.

1. The mermaid.

2. A sea nymph.

Sea-mail

Sea"-mail` (?), n. [Sea + (perhaps) Mall Mally, for Mary; hence, Prov. E. mally a hare.] (Zo\'94l.) A gull; the mew.

Seaman

Sea"man (?), n.; pl. Seamen (. A merman; the male of the mermaid. [R.] "Not to mention mermaids or seamen." Locke.

Seaman

Sea"man (?), n.; pl. Seamen (#). [AS. s\'91man.] One whose occupation is to assist in the management of ships at sea; a mariner; a sailor; -- applied both to officers and common mariners, but especially to the latter. Opposed to landman, or landsman. Able seaman, a sailor who is practically conversant with all the duties of common seamanship. -- ordinary seaman. See Ordinary.

Seamanlike

Sea"man*like` (?), a. Having or showing the skill of a practical seaman.

Seamanship

Sea"man*ship, n. The skill of a good seaman; the art, or skill in the art, of working a ship.

Sea mantis

Sea" man"tis (?). (Zo\'94l.) A squilla.
Page 1298

Sea marge

Sea" marge` (?). Land which borders on the sea; the seashore. Shak.
You are near the sea marge of a land teeming with life. J. Burroughs.

Seamark

Sea"mark` (?), n. Any elevated object on land which serves as a guide to mariners; a beacon; a landmark visible from the sea, as a hill, a tree, a steeple, or the like. Shak.

Sea mat

Sea" mat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any bryozoan of the genus Flustra or allied genera which form frondlike corals.

Sea maw

Sea" maw` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The sea mew.

Seamed

Seamed (?), a. (Falconry) Out of condition; not in good condition; -- said of a hawk.

Sea-mell

Sea"-mell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sea mew.

Sea mew

Sea" mew` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A gull; the mew.

Sea mile

Sea" mile` (?). A geographical mile. See Mile.

Sea milkwort

Sea" milk"wort` (?). (Bot.) A low, fleshy perennial herb (Glaux maritima) found along northern seashores.

Seaming

Seam"ing (?), n.

1. The act or process of forming a seam or joint.

2. (Fishing) The cord or rope at the margin of a seine, to which the meshes of the net are attached. Seaming machine, a machine for uniting the edges of sheet-metal plates by bending them and pinching them together.

Seamless

Seam"less, a. Without a seam.
Christ's seamless coat, all of a piece. Jer. Taylor.

Sea monk

Sea" monk` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Monk seal, under Monk.

Sea monster

Sea" mon"ster (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large sea animal.

Sea moss

Sea" moss` (?; 115). (Zo\'94l.) Any branched marine bryozoan resembling moss.

Sea mouse

Sea" mouse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A dorsibranchiate annelid, belonging to Aphrodite and allied genera, having long, slender, hairlike set\'91 on the sides. (b) The dunlin.

Seamster

Seam"ster (?), n. [See Seamstress.] One who sews well, or whose occupation is to sew. [Obs.]

Seamstress

Seam"stress (?; 277), n. [From older seamster, properly fem., AS. se\'a0mestre. See Seam.] A woman whose occupation is sewing; a needlewoman.

Seamstressy

Seam"stress*y (?), n. The business of a seamstress.

Sea mud

Sea" mud` (?). A rich slimy deposit in salt marshes and along the seashore, sometimes used as a manure; -- called also sea ooze.

Seamy

Seam"y (?), a. Having a seam; containing seams, or showing them. "Many a seamy scar." Burns.
Everything has its fair, as well as its seamy, side. Sir W. Scott.

Sean

Sean (?), n. A seine. See Seine. [Prov. Eng.]

S\'82ance

S\'82`ance" (?), n. [F., fr. L. sedens, -entis, p.pr. of sedere to sit. See Sit.] A session, as of some public body; especially, a meeting of spiritualists to receive spirit communication, so called.

Sea needle

Sea" nee"dle (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Garfish (a).

Sea nettle

Sea" net`tle (?). A jellyfish, or medusa.

Seannachie

Sean"na*chie (?), n. [Gael. seanachaidh.] A bard among the Highlanders of Scotland, who preserved and repeated the traditions of the tribes; also, a genealogist. [Written also senachy.] [Scot.]

Sea onion

Sea" on"ion (?). (Bot.) The officinal squill. See Squill.

Sea ooze

Sea" ooze` (?). Same as Sea mud. Mortimer.

Sea orange

Sea" or"ange (?). (Zo\'94l.) A large American holothurian (Lophothuria Fabricii) having a bright orange convex body covered with finely granulated scales. Its expanded tentacles are bright red.

Sea-orb

Sea"-orb` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A globefish.

Sea otter

Sea" ot"ter (?). (Zo\'94l.) An aquatic carnivore (Enhydris lutris, ∨ marina) found in the North Pacific Ocean. Its fur is highly valued, especially by the Chinese. It is allied to the common otter, but is larger, with feet more decidedly webbed. Sea-otter's cabbage (Bot.), a gigantic kelp of the Pacific Ocean (Nereocystis Lutkeana). See Nereocystis.

Sea owl

Sea" owl` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The lumpfish.

Sea pad

Sea" pad` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The puffin.

Sea partridge

Sea" par"tridge (?). (Zo\'94l.) The gilthead (Crenilabrus melops), a fish of the British coasts.

Sea pass

Sea" pass` (?). A document carried by neutral merchant vessels in time of war, to show their nationality; a sea letter or passport. See Passport.

Sea peach

Sea" peach` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A beautiful American ascidian (Cynthia, ∨ Halocynthia, pyriformis) having the size, form, velvety surface, and color of a ripe peach.

Sea pear

Sea" pear` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A pedunculated ascidian of the genus Boltonia.

Sea-pen

Sea"-pen" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A pennatula.

Sea perch

Sea" perch` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European bass (Roccus, ∨ Labrax, lupus); -- called also sea dace. (b) The cunner. (c) The sea bass. (d) The name is applied also to other species of fishes.

Sea pheasant

Sea" pheas"ant (?). (Zo\'94l.) The pintail duck.

Sea pie

Sea" pie (?). (Zo\'94l.) The oyster catcher, a limicoline bird of the genus H\'91matopus.

Sea pie

Sea" pie`. A dish of crust or pastry and meat or fish, etc., cooked together in alternate layers, -- a common food of sailors; as, a three-decker sea pie.

Seapiece

Sea"piece` (?), n. A picture representing a scene at sea; a marine picture. Addison.

Sea piet

Sea" pi"et (?). (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Sea pie.

Sea pig

Sea" pig` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A porpoise or dolphin. (b) A dugong.

Sea pigeon

Sea" pi"geon (?). The common guillemot.

Sea pike

Sea" pike` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The garfish. (b) A large serranoid food fish (Centropomus undecimalis) found on both coasts of America; -- called also robalo. (c) The merluce.

Sea pincushion

Sea" pin`cush`ion (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sea purse. (b) A pentagonal starfish.

Sea pink

Sea" pink` (?). (Bot.) See Thrift.

Sea plover

Sea" plov"er (?). the black-bellied plover.

Sea poacher. Sea poker

Sea" poach"er (?). Sea" pok"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) The lyrie.

Sea pool

Sea" pool` (?). A pool of salt water. Spenser.

Sea poppy

Sea" pop"py (?). (Bot.) The horn poppy. See under Horn.

Sea porcupine

Sea" por"cu*pine (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the genus Diodon, and allied genera, whose body is covered with spines. See Illust. under Diodon.

Sea pork

Sea" pork` (?). (Zo\'94l.) An American compound ascidian (Amor\'91cium stellatum) which forms large whitish masses resembling salt pork.

Sea port

Sea" port` (?), n. A port on the seashore, or one accessible for seagoing vessels. Also used adjectively; as, a seaport town.

Sea poy

Sea" poy (?), n. See Sepoy.

Sea pudding

Sea" pud"ding (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large holothurian. [Prov. Eng.]

Sea purse

Sea" purse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The horny egg case of a skate, and of certain sharks.

Sea purslane

Sea" purs"lane (?). (Bot.) See under Purslane.

Sea pye

Sea" pye` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Sea pie.

Seapyot

Sea"py"ot (?). (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Sea pie.

Seaquail

Sea"quail` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The turnstone.

Seaquake

Sea"quake` (?), n. A quaking of the sea.

Sear, Sere

Sear, Sere (?), a. [OE. seer, AS. se\'a0r (assumed) fr. se\'a0rian to wither; akin to D. zoor dry, LG. soor, OHG. sor&emac;n to to wither, Gr. sush
) to dry, to wither, Zend hush to dry. &root;152. Cf. Austere, Sorrel, a.] Dry; withered; no longer green; -- applied to leaves. Milton.
I have lived long enough; my way of life Is fall'n into the sear, the yellow leaf. Shak.

Sear

Sear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Searing.] [OE.seeren, AS. se\'a0rian. See Sear, a.]

1. To wither; to dry up. Shak.

2. To burn (the surface of) to dryness and hardness; to cauterize; to expose to a degree of heat such as changes the color or the hardness and texture of the surface; to scorch; to make callous; as, to sear the skin or flesh. Also used figuratively.

I'm seared with burning steel. Rowe.
It was in vain that the amiable divine tried to give salutary pain to that seared conscience. Macaulay.
The discipline of war, being a discipline in destruction of life, is a discipline in callousness. Whatever sympathies exist are seared. H. Spencer.
&hand; Sear is allied to scorch in signification; but it is applied primarily to animal flesh, and has special reference to the effect of heat in marking the surface hard. Scorch is applied to flesh, cloth, or any other substance, and has no reference to the effect of hardness. To sear, to close by searing. "Cherish veins of good humor, and sear up those of ill." Sir W. Temple.

Sear

Sear, n. [F. serre a grasp, pressing, fr. L. sera. See Serry.] The catch in a gunlock by which the hammer is held cocked or half cocked. Sear spring, the spring which causes the sear to catch in the notches by which the hammer is held.

Sea rat

Sea" rat` (?).

1. A pirate. [R.] Massinger.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The chim\'91ra.

Sea raven

Sea" ra"ven (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) An American cottoid fish (Hemitripterus Americanus) allied to the sculpins, found on the northeren Atlantic coasts. (b) The cormorant.

Searce

Searce (?), n. [See Sarse.] A fine sieve. [Obs.]

Searce

Searce, v. t. To sift; to bolt. [Obs.] Mortimer.

Searcer

Sear"cer (?), n.

1. One who sifts or bolts. [Obs.]

2. A searce, or sieve. [Obs.] Holland.

Search

Search (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Searched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Searching.] [OE. serchen, cerchen, OF. cerchier, F. chercher, L. circare to go about, fr. L. circum, circa, around. See Circle.]

1. To look over or through, for the purpose of finding something; to examine; to explore; as, to search the city. "Search the Scriptures." John v. 39.

They are come to search the house. Shak.
Search me, O God, and know my heart. Ps. cxxxix. 23.

2. To inquire after; to look for; to seek.

I will both search my sheep, and seek them out. Ezek. xxxiv. 11.
Enough is left besides to search and know. Milton.

3. To examine or explore by feeling with an instrument; to probe; as, to search a wound.

4. To examine; to try; to put to the test. To search out, to seek till found; to find by seeking; as, to search out truth. Syn. -- To explore; examine; scrutinize; seek; investigate; pry into; inquire.

Search

Search, v. i. To seek; to look for something; to make inquiry, exploration, or examination; to hunt.
Once more search with me. Shak.
It sufficeth that they have once with care sifted the matter, and searched into all the particulars. Locke.

Search

Search, n. [Cf. OF. cerche. See Search, v. t.] The act of seeking or looking for something; quest; inquiry; pursuit for finding something; examination.
Thus the orb he roamed With narrow search, and with inspection deep Considered every creature. Milton.
Nor did my search of liberty begin Till my black hairs were changed upon my chin. Dryden.
Right of search (Mar. Law), the right of the lawfully commissioned cruisers of belligerent nations to examine and search private merchant vessels on the high seas, for the enemy's property or for articles contraband of war. -- Search warrant (Law), a warrant legally issued, authorizing an examination or search of a house, or other place, for goods stolen, secreted, or concealed. Syn. -- Scrutiny; examination; exploration; investigation; research; inquiry; quest; pursuit.

Searchable

Search"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being searched.

Searchableness

Search"a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being searchable.

Searcher

Search"er (?), n. [Cf. OF. cercheor inspector.] One who, or that which, searhes or examines; a seeker; an inquirer; an examiner; a trier. Specifically: (a) Formerly, an officer in London appointed to examine the bodies of the dead, and report the cause of death. Graunt. (b) An officer of the customs whose business it is to search ships, merchandise, luggage, etc. (c) An inspector of leather. [Prov. Eng.] (d) (Gun.) An instrument for examining the bore of a cannon, to detect cavities. (e) An implement for sampling butter; a butter trier. (j) (Med.) An instrument for feeling after calculi in the bladder, etc.

Searching

Search"ing, a. Exploring thoroughly; scrutinizing; penetrating; trying; as, a searching discourse; a searching eye. "Piercing, searching, biting, cold." Dickens. -- Search"ing*ly, adv. -- Search"ing*ness, n.

Searchless

Search"less, a. Impossible to be searched; inscrutable; impenetrable.

Searcloth

Sear"cloth` (?; 115), n. Cerecloth. Mortimer.

Searcloth

Sear"cloth, v. t. To cover, as a sore, with cerecloth.

Seared

Seared (?), a. Scorched; cauterized; hence, figuratively, insensible; not susceptible to moral influences.
A seared conscience and a remorseless heart. Macaulay.

Searedness

Sear"ed*ness (?), n. The state of being seared or callous; insensibility. Bp. Hall.

Sea reed

Sea" reed` (?). (Bot.) The sea-sand reed. See under Reed.

Sea risk

Sea" risk (?). Risk of injury, destruction, or loss by the sea, or while at sea.

Sea robber

Sea" rob"ber (?). A pirate; a sea rover.

Sea robin

Sea" rob"in (?). See under Robin, and Illustration in Appendix.

Sea rocket

Sea" rock"et (?).(Bot.) See under Rocket.

Sea room

Sea" room` (?). (Naut.) Room or space at sea for a vessel to maneuver, drive, or scud, without peril of running ashore or aground. Totten.

Sea rover

Sea" rov"er (?). One that cruises or roves the sea for plunder; a sea robber; a pirate; also, a piratical vessel.

Sea-roving

Sea"-rov"ing, a. Cruising at random on the ocean.

Sea salmon

Sea" salm"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A young pollock. (b) The spotted squeteague. (c) See Sea bass (b).

Sea salt

Sea" salt` (?). Common salt, obtained from sea water by evaporation.

Sea sandpiper

Sea" sand"pi`per (?). (Zo\'94l.) The purple sandpiper.

Sea sandwort

Sea" sand"wort` (?). (Bot.) See Sea chickweed.

Sea saurian

Sea" sau"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine saurian; esp. (Paleon.) the large extinct species of Mosasaurus, Icthyosaurus, Plesiosaurus, and related genera.

Seascape

Sea"scape (?), n. [Cf. Landscape.] A picture representing a scene at sea. [Jocose] Thackeray.
Page 1299

Sea scorpion

Sea" scor"pi*on (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European sculpin (Cottus scorpius) having the head armed with short spines. (b) The scorpene.

Sea scurf

Sea" scurf` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any bryozoan which forms rounded or irregular patches of coral on stones, seaweeds, etc.

Sea serpent

Sea" ser`pent (?).

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine snake. See Sea snake.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A large marine animal of unknown nature, often reported to have been seen at sea, but never yet captured. &hand; Many accounts of sea serpents are imaginary or fictitious; others are greatly exaggerated and distorted by incompetent observers; but a number have been given by competent and trustworthy persons, which indicate that several diverse animals have been called sea serpents. Among these are, apparently, several large snakelike fishes, as the oar fish, or ribbon fish (Regalecus), and huge conger eels. Other accounts probably refer to the giant squids (Architeuthis). Some of the best accounts seem to describe a marine saurian, like the fossil Mosasauri, which were large serpentlike creatures with paddles.

Seashell

Sea"shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The shell of any marine mollusk.

Seashore

Sea"shore` (?), n.

1. The coast of the sea; the land that lies adjacent to the sea or ocean.

2. (Law) All the ground between the ordinary highwater and low-water marks.

Seasick

Sea"sick` (?), a. Affected with seasickness.

Seasickness

Sea"sick`ness, n. The peculiar sickness, characterized by nausea and prostration, which is caused by the pitching or rolling of a vessel.

Seaside

Sea"side` (?), n. The land bordering on, or adjacent to, the sea; the seashore. Also used adjectively.

Sea slater

Sea" slat"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any isopod crustacean of the genus Ligia.

Sea slug

Sea" slug` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A holothurian. (b) A nudibranch mollusk.

Sea snail

Sea" snail` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small fish of the genus Liparis, having a ventral sucker. It lives among stones and seaweeds. (b) Any small creeping marine gastropod, as the species of Littorina, Natica, etc.

Sea snake

Sea" snake` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of many species of venomous aquatic snakes of the family Hydrophid\'91, having a flattened tail and living entirely in the sea, especially in the warmer parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. They feed upon fishes, and are mostly of moderate size, but some species become eight or ten feet long and four inches broad.

Sea snipe

Sea" snipe` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sandpiper, as the knot and dunlin. (b) The bellows fish.

Season

Sea"son (?), n. [OE. sesoun, F. saison, properly, the sowing time, fr. L. satio a sowing, a planting, fr. serere, satum, to sow, plant; akin to E. sow, v., to scatter, as seed.]

1. One of the divisions of the year, marked by alternations in the length of day and night, or by distinct conditions of temperature, moisture, etc., caused mainly by the relative position of the earth with respect to the sun. In the north temperate zone, four seasons, namely, spring, summer, autumn, and winter, are generally recognized. Some parts of the world have three seasons, -- the dry, the rainy, and the cold; other parts have but two, -- the dry and the rainy.

The several seasons of the year in their beauty. Addison.

2. Hence, a period of time, especially as regards its fitness for anything contemplated or done; a suitable or convenient time; proper conjuncture; as, the season for planting; the season for rest.

The season, prime for sweetest scents and airs. Milton.

3. A period of time not very long; a while; a time.

Thou shalt be blind, not seeing the sun for a season. Acts xiii. 11.

4. That which gives relish; seasoning. [Obs.]

You lack the season of all natures, sleep. Shak.
In season, in good time, or sufficiently early for the purpose. -- Out of season, beyond or out of the proper time of the usual or appointed time.

Season

Sea"son, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seasoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seasoning.]

1. To render suitable or appropriate; to prepare; to fit.

He is fit and seasoned for his passage. Shak.

2. To fit for any use by time or habit; to habituate; to accustom; to inure; to ripen; to mature; as, to season one to a climate.

3. Hence, to prepare by drying or hardening, or removal of natural juices; as, to season timber.

4. To fit for taste; to render palatable; to give zest or relish to; to spice; as, to season food.

5. Hence, to fit for enjoyment; to render agrecable.

You season still with sports your serious hours. Dryden.
The proper use of wit is to season conversation. Tillotson.

6. To qualify by admixture; to moderate; to temper. "When mercy seasons justice." Shak.

7. To imbue; to tinge or taint. "Who by his tutor being seasoned with the love of the truth." Fuller.

Season their younger years with prudent and pious principles. Jer. Taylor.

8. To copulate with; to impregnate. [R.] Holland.

Season

Sea"son (?), v. i.

1. To become mature; to grow fit for use; to become adapted to a climate.

2. To become dry and hard, by the escape of the natural juices, or by being penetrated with other substance; as, timber seasons in the sun.

3. To give token; to savor. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Seasonable

Sea"son*a*ble (?), a. Occurring in good time, in due season, or in proper time for the purpose; suitable to the season; opportune; timely; as, a seasonable supply of rain.
Mercy is seasonable in the time of affliction. Ecclus. xxxv. 20.
-- Sea"son*a*ble*ness, n. -- Sea"son*a*bly, adv.

Seasonage

Sea"son*age (?), n. A seasoning. [Obs.] outh.

Seasonal

Sea"son*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the seasons. <-- 2. Occurring or being used in a specific season; as, seasonal items for sale. --> Seasonal dimorphism (Zo\'94l.), the condition of having two distinct varieties which appear at different seasons, as certain species of butterflies in which the spring brood differs from the summer or autumnal brood.

Seasoner

Sea"son*er (?), n. One who, or that which, seasons, or gives a relish; a seasoning.

Seasoning

Sea"son*ing, n.

1. The act or process by which anything is seasoned.

2. That which is added to any species of food, to give it a higher relish, as salt, spices, etc.; a condiment.

3. Hence, something added to enhance enjoyment or relieve dullness; as, wit is the seasoning of conversation.

Political speculations are of so dry and austere a nature, that they will not go down with the public without frequent seasonings. Addison.
Seasoning tub (Bakery), a trough in which dough is set to rise. Knight.

Seasonless

Sea"son*less, a. Without succession of the seasons.

Sea spider

Sea" spi"der (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any maioid crab; a spider crab. See Maioid, and Spider crab, under Spider. (b) Any pycnogonid.

Sea squirt

Sea" squirt` (?). (Zo\'94l.) An ascidian. See Illust. under Tunicata.

Sea star

Sea" star` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A starfish, or brittle star.

Sea surgeon

Sea" sur"geon (?). (Zo\'94l.) A surgeon fish.

Sea swallow

Sea" swal"low (?).

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common tern. (b) The storm petrel. (c) The gannet.

2. (Her.) See Cornish chough, under Chough.

Seat

Seat (?), n. [OE. sete, Icel. s\'91ti; akin to Sw. s\'84te, Dan. s\'91de, MHG. s&amac;ze, AS. set, setl, and E. sit. &root;154. See Sit, and cf. Settle, n.]

1. The place or thing upon which one sits; hence; anything made to be sat in or upon, as a chair, bench, stool, saddle, or the like.

And Jesus . . . overthrew the tables of the money changers, and the seats of them that sold doves. Matt. xxi. 12.

2. The place occupied by anything, or where any person or thing is situated, resides, or abides; a site; an abode, a station; a post; a situation.

Where thou dwellest, even where Satan's seat is. Rev. ii. 13.
He that builds a fair house upon an ill seat committeth himself to prison. Bacon.
A seat of plenty, content, and tranquillity. Macaulay.

3. That part of a thing on which a person sits; as, the seat of a chair or saddle; the seat of a pair of pantaloons.

4. A sitting; a right to sit; regular or appropriate place of sitting; as, a seat in a church; a seat for the season in the opera house.

5. Posture, or way of sitting, on horseback.

She had so good a seat and hand she might be trusted with any mount. G. Eliot.

6. (Mach.) A part or surface on which another part or surface rests; as, a valve seat. Seat worm (Zo\'94l.), the pinworm.

Seat

Seat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seated; p. pr. & vb. n. Seating.]

1. To place on a seat; to cause to sit down; as, to seat one's self.

The guests were no sooner seated but they entered into a warm debate. Arbuthnot.

2. To cause to occupy a post, site, situation, or the like; to station; to establish; to fix; to settle.

Thus high . . . is King Richard seated. Shak.
They had seated themselves in New Guiana. Sir W. Raleigh.

3. To assign a seat to, or the seats of; to give a sitting to; as, to seat a church, or persons in a church.

4. To fix; to set firm.

From their foundations, loosening to and fro, They plucked the seated hills. Milton.

5. To settle; to plant with inhabitants; as to seat a country. [Obs.] W. Stith.

6. To put a seat or bottom in; as, to seat a chair.

Seat

Seat, v. i. To rest; to lie down. [Obs.] Spenser.

Sea tang

Sea" tang` (?). (Bot.) A kind of seaweed; tang; tangle.
To their nests of sedge and sea tang. Longfellow.

Sea term

Sea" term` (?). A term used specifically by seamen; a nautical word or phrase.

Sea thief

Sea" thief` (?). A pirate. Drayton.

Sea thongs

Sea" thongs` (?; 115). (Bot.) A kind of blackish seaweed (Himanthalia lorea) found on the northern coasts of the Atlantic. It has a thonglike forking process rising from a top-shaped base.

Seating

Seat"ing (?), n.

1. The act of providong with a seat or seats; as, the seating of an audience.

2. The act of making seats; also, the material for making seats; as, cane seating.

Sea titling

Sea" tit"ling (?). (Zo\'94l.) The rock pipit.

Seatless

Seat"less (?), a. Having no seat.

Sea toad

Sea" toad` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sculpin. (b) A toadfish. (c) The angler.

Sea trout

Sea" trout` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of true trouts which descend rivers and enter the sea after spawning, as the European bull trout and salmon trout, and the eastern American spotted trout. (b) The common squeteague, and the spotted squeteague. (c) A California fish of the family Chirid\'91, especially Hexagrammus decagrammus; -- called also spotted rock trout. See Rock trout, under Rock. (d) A California sci\'91noid fish (Cynoscion nobilis); -- called also white sea bass.

Sea trumpet

Sea" trum"pet (?).

1. (Bot.) A great blackish seaweed of the Southern Ocean, having a hollow and expanding stem and a pinnate frond, sometimes twenty feet long.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any large marine univalve shell of the genus Triton. See Triton.

Sea turn

Sea" turn` (?). A breeze, gale, or mist from the sea. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Sea turtle

Sea" tur"tle (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several very large species of chelonians having the feet converted into paddles, as the green turtle, hawkbill, loggerhead, and leatherback. They inhabit all warm seas. (b) The sea pigeon, or guillemot.

Sea unicorn

Sea" u"ni*corn (?). (Zo\'94l.) The narwhal.

Sea urchin

Sea" ur"chin (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of echinoderms of the order Echinoidea. When living they are covered with movable spines which are often long and sharp.

Seave

Seave (?), n. [Cf. Dan. siv, Sw. s\'84f, Icel. sef.] A rush. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Seavy

Seav`y, a. Overgrown with rushes. [Prov. Eng.]

Sea wall

Sea" wall` (?). [AS. s&ae;weall.] A wall, or embankment, to resist encroachments of the sea.

Sea-walled

Sea"-walled` (?), a. Surrounded, bounded, or protected by the sea, as if by a wall. Shak.

Seawan, Seawant

Sea"wan (?), Sea"want (?), n. The name used by the Algonquin Indians for the shell beads which passed among the Indians as money. &hand; Seawan was of two kinds; wampum, white, and suckanhock, black or purple, -- the former having half the value of the latter. Many writers, however, use the terms seawan and wampum indiscriminately. Bartlett.

Seawand

Sea"wand` . (Bot.) See Sea girdles.

Seaward

Sea"ward (?), a. Directed or situated toward the sea. Donne.
Two still clouds . . . sparkled on their seaward edges like a frosted fleece. G. W. Cable.

Seaward

Sea"ward, adv. Toward the sea. Drayton.

Seaware

Sea"ware` (?), n. [Cf. AS. s\'d6w\'ber seaweed.] (Bot.) Seaweed; esp., coarse seaweed. See Ware, and Sea girdles.

Seaweed

Sea"weed` (?), n.

1. Popularly, any plant or plants growing in the sea.

2. (Bot.) Any marine plant of the class Alg\'91, as kelp, dulse, Fucus, Ulva, etc.

Sea whip

Sea" whip` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A gorgonian having a simple stem.

Sea widgeon

Sea" wid"geon (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The scaup duck. (b) The pintail duck.

Seawife

Sea"wife` (?), n.; pl. Seawives (. (Zo\'94l.) A European wrasse (Labrus vetula).

Sea willow

Sea" wil"low (?). (Zo\'94l.) A gorgonian coral with long flexible branches.

Sea wing

Sea" wing` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A wing shell (Avicula).

Sea withwind

Sea" with"wind` (?). (Bot.) A kind of bindweed (Convolvulus Soldanella) growing on the seacoast of Europe.

Sea wolf

Sea" wolf` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The wolf fish. (b) The European sea perch. (c) The sea elephant. (d) A sea lion.

Sea woodcock

Sea" wood"cock` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The bar-tailed godwit.

Sea wood louse

Sea" wood louse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea slater.

Sea wormwood

Sea" worm"wood` (?). (Bot.) A European species of wormwood (Artemisia maritima) growing by the sea.

Seaworthiness

Sea"wor`thi*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being seaworthy, or able to resist the ordinary violence of wind and weather. Kent.

Seaworthy

Sea"wor`thy (?), a. Fit for a voyage; worthy of being trusted to transport a cargo with safety; as, a seaworthy ship.

Sea wrack

Sea" wrack` (?). (Bot.) See Wrack.

Sebaceous

Se*ba"ceous (?), a. [NL. sebaceus, from L. sebum tallow, grease.] (Physiol.) Pertaining to, or secreting, fat; composed of fat; having the appearance of fat; as, the sebaceous secretions of some plants, or the sebaceous humor of animals. Sebaceous cyst (Med.), a cyst formed by distention of a sebaceous gland, due to obstruction of its excretory duct. -- Sebaceous glands (Anat.), small subcutaneous glands, usually connected with hair follicles. They secrete an oily semifluid matter, composed in great part of fat, which softens and lubricates the hair and skin.

Sebacic

Se*bac"ic (?), a. [L. sebum tallow: cf. F. s\'82bacique.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to fat; derived from, or resembling, fat; specifically, designating an acid (formerly called also sebic, and pyroleic, acid), obtained by the distillation or saponification of certain oils (as castor oil) as a white crystalline substance.

Sebat

Se"bat (?), n. [Heb. sh\'cbb\'bet.] The eleventh month of the ancient Hebrew year, approximately corresponding with February. W. Smith (Bibl. Dict. ).

Sebate

Se"bate (s\'c7"b\ddt), n. (Chem.) A salt of sebacic acid.

Sebesten

Se*bes"ten (?), n. [Ar. sebest\'ben the tree: cf. Sp. sebesten.] (Bot.) The mucilaginous drupaceous fruit of two East Indian trees (Cordia Myxa, and C. latifolia), sometimes used medicinally in pectoral diseases. &hand; In the West Indies the name is given to the similar fruit of Cordia Sebestana.
Page 1300


Page 1300

Sebic

Se"bic (?), a. See Sebacic. [Obs.]

Sebiferous

Se*bif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sebum tallow + -ferous.]

1. (Bot.) Producing vegetable tallow.

2. (Physiol.) Producing fat; sebaceous; as, the sebiferous, or sebaceous, glands.

Sebiparous

Se*bip"a*rous (?), a. [L. sebum tallow + parere to bring forth.] (Physiol.) Same as Sebiferous.

Seborrhea

Seb"or*rhe*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sebum tallow + Gr. (Med.) A morbidly increased discharge of sebaceous matter upon the skin; stearrhea.

Secale

Se*ca"le (?), n. [L., a kind of grain.] (Bot.) A genus of cereal grasses including rye.

Secancy

Se"can*cy (?), n. [See Secant.] A cutting; an intersection; as, the point of secancy of one line by another. [R.] Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. ).

Secant

Se"cant (?), a. [L. secans, -antis, p.pr. of secare to cut. See Section.] Cutting; divivding into two parts; as, a secant line.

Secant

Secant, n. [Cf. F. s\'82cante. See Secant, a.]

1. (Geom.) A line that cuts another; especially, a straight line cutting a curve in two or more points.

2. (Trig.) A right line drawn from the center of a circle through one end of a circular arc, and terminated by a tangent drawn from the other end; the number expressing the ratio line of this line to the radius of the circle. See Trigonometrical function, under Function.

Secco

Sec"co (?), a. [It.] Dry. Secco painting, ∨ Painting in secco, painting on dry plaster, as distinguished from fresco painting, which is on wet or fresh plaster.

Secede

Se"cede" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Seceded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seceding.] [L. secedere, secessum; pref se- aside + cedere to go, move. See Cede.] To withdraw from fellowship, communion, or association; to separate one's self by a solemn act; to draw off; to retire; especially, to withdraw from a political or religious body.

Seceder

Se*ced"er (?), n.

1. One who secedes.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a numerous body of Presbyterians in Scotland who seceded from the communion of the Established Church, about the year 1733, and formed the Secession Church, so called.

Secern

Se*cern" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secerned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Secerning.] [L. secernere. See Secrete.]

1. To separate; to distinguish.

Averroes secerns a sense of titillation, and a sense of hunger and thirst. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. (Physiol.) To secrete; as, mucus secerned in the nose. Arbuthnot.

Secernent

Se*cern"ent (?), a. [L. secernens, p.pr.] (Physiol.)Secreting; secretory.

Secernent

Se*cern"ent, n.

1. That which promotes secretion.

2. (Anat.) A vessel in, or by means of, which the process of secretion takes place; a secreting vessel.

Secernment

Se*cern"ment (?), n. (Physiol.) The act or process of secreting.

Secess

Se*cess" (?), n. [L. secessus. See Secede.] Retirement; retreat; secession. [Obs.] R. H. More.

Secession

Se*ces"sion (?), n. [L. secessio: cf. F. s\'82cession. See Secede.]

1. The act of seceding; separation from fellowship or association with others, as in a religious or political organization; withdrawal.

2. (U.S. Hist.) The withdrawal of a State from the national Union. Secession Church (in Scotland). See Seceder.

Secessionism

Se*ces"sion*ism (?), n. The doctrine or policy of secession; the tenets of secession; the tenets of secessionists.

Secessionist

Se*ces"sion*ist, n.

1. One who upholds secession.

2. (U.S. Hist.) One who holds to the belief that a State has the right to separate from the Union at its will.

Seche

Seche (?), v. t. & i. To seek. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sechium

Se"chi*um (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. s\'82chion; perhaps formed fr. Gr. (Bot.) The edible fruit of a West Indian plant (Sechium edule) of the Gourd family. It is soft, pear-shaped, and about four inches long, and contains a single large seed. The root of the plant resembles a yam, and is used for food.

Seck

Seck (?), a. [F. sec, properly, dry, L. siccua.] Barren; unprofitable. See Rent seck, under Rent.

Seckel

Seck"el (?), n. (Bot.) A small reddish brown sweet and juicy pear. It originated on a farm near Philadelphia, afterwards owned by a Mr. Seckel.

Secle

Se"cle (?), n. [L. saeculum: cf. F. si\'8acle. See Secular.] A century. [Obs.] Hammond.

Seclude

Se*clude (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Secluding.] [L. secludere, seclusum pref. se- aside + claudere to shut. See Close, v. t.]

1. To shut up apart from others; to withdraw into, or place in, solitude; to separate from society or intercourse with others.

Let Eastern tyrants from the light of heaven Seclude their bosom slaves. Thomson.

2. To shut or keep out; to exclude. [Obs.] Evelyn. -- Se*clud"ed*ly, adv. -- Se*clud"ed*ness, n.

Seclusion

Se*clu"sion (?), n. [See Seclude.] The act of secluding, or the state of being secluded; separation from society or connection; a withdrawing; privacy; as, to live in seclusion.
O blest seclusion from a jarring world, which he, thus occupied, enjoys! Cowper.
Syn. -- Solitude; separation; withdrawment; retirement; privacy. See Solitude.

Seclusive

Se*clu"sive (?), a. Tending to seclude; keeping in seclusion; secluding; sequestering.

Second

Sec"ond (?), a. [F., fr. L. secundus second, properly, following, fr. sequi to follow. See Sue to follow, and cf. Secund.]

1. Immediately following the first; next to the first in order of place or time; hence, occuring again; another; other.

And he slept and dreamed the second time. Gen. xli. 5.

2. Next to the first in value, power, excellence, dignity, or rank; secondary; subordinate; inferior.

May the day when we become the second people upon earth . . . be the day of our utter extirpation. Landor.

3. Being of the same kind as another that has preceded; another, like a protype; as, a second Cato; a second Troy; a second deluge.

A Daniel, still say I, a second Daniel! Shak.
Second Adventist. See Adventist. -- Second cousin, the child of a cousin. -- Second-cut file. See under File. -- Second distance (Art), that part of a picture between the foreground and the background; -- called also middle ground, or middle distance. [R.] -- Second estate (Eng.), the House of Peers. -- Second girl, a female house-servant who does the lighter work, as chamber work or waiting on table. -- Second intention. See under Intention. -- Second story, Story floor, in America, the second range of rooms from the street level. This, in England, is called the first floor, the one beneath being the ground floor. -- Second thought ∨ thoughts, consideration of a matter following a first impulse or impression; reconsideration.
On second thoughts, gentlemen, I don't wish you had known him. Dickens.

Second

Sec"ond (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, follows, or comes after; one next and inferior in place, time, rank, importance, excellence, or power.

Man an angel's second, nor his second long. Young.

2. One who follows or attends another for his support and aid; a backer; an assistant; specifically, one who acts as another's aid in a duel.

Being sure enough of seconds after the first onset. Sir H. Wotton.

3. Aid; assistance; help. [Obs.]

Give second, and my love Is everlasting thine. J. Fletcher.

4. pl. An article of merchandise of a grade inferior to the best; esp., a coarse or inferior kind of flour.

5. [F. seconde. See Second, a.] The sixtieth part of a minute of time or of a minute of space, that is, the second regular subdivision of the degree; as, sound moves about 1,140 English feet in a second; five minutes and ten seconds north of this place.

6. In the duodecimal system of mensuration, the twelfth part of an inch or prime; a line. See Inch, and Prime, n., 8.

7. (Mus.) (a) The interval between any tone and the tone which is represented on the degree of the staff next above it. (b) The second part in a concerted piece; -- often popularly applied to the alto. Second hand, the hand which marks the seconds on the dial of a watch or a clock.

Second

Sec"ond, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seconded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seconding.] [Cf. F. seconder, L. secundare, from secundus. See Second, a.]

1. To follow in the next place; to succeed; to alternate. [R.]

In the method of nature, a low valley is immediately seconded with an ambitious hill. Fuller.
Sin is seconded with sin. South.

2. To follow or attend for the purpose of assisting; to support; to back; to act as the second of; to assist; to forward; to encourage.

We have supplies to second our attempt. Shak.
In human works though labored on with pain, A thousand movements scarce one purpose gain; In God's, one single can its end produce, Yet serves to second too some other use. Pope.

3. Specifically, to support, as a motion or proposal, by adding one's voice to that of the mover or proposer.

Secondarily

Sec"ond*a*ri*ly (?), adv.

1. In a secondary manner or degree.

2. Secondly; in the second place. [Obs.]

God hath set some in the church, first apostels, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers. 1 Cor. xii. 28.

Secondariness

Sec"ond*a*ri*ness, n. The state of being secondary.
Full of a girl's sweet sense of secondariness to the object of her love. Mrs. Oliphant.

Secondary

Sec"ond*a*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. secondaire, L. secundaire. See Second, a.]

1. Suceeding next in order to the first; of second place, origin, rank, rank, etc.; not primary; subordinate; not of the first order or rate.

Wheresoever there is normal right on the one hand, no secondary right can discharge it. L'Estrange.
Two are the radical differences; the secondary differences are as four. Bacon.

2. Acting by deputation or delegated authority; as, the work of secondary hands.

3. (Chem.) Possessing some quality, or having been subject to some operation (as substitution), in the second degree; as, a secondary salt, a secondary amine, etc. Cf. primary.

4. (Min.) Subsequent in origin; -- said of minerals produced by alteertion or deposition subsequent to the formation of the original rocks mass; also of characters of minerals (as secondary cleavage, etc.) developed by pressure or other causes.

5. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the second joint of the wing of a bird.

6. (Med.) Dependent or consequent upon another disease; as, Bright's disease is often secondary to scarlet fever. (b) Occuring in the second stage of a disease; as, the secondary symptoms of syphilis. Secondary accent. See the Note under Accent, n., 1. -- Secondary age. (Geol.) The Mesozoic age, or age before the Tertiary. See Mesozoic, and Note under Age, n., 8. -- Secondary alcohol (Chem.), any one of a series of alcohols which contain the radical CH.OH united with two hydrocarbon radicals. On oxidation the secondary alcohols form ketones. -- Secondary amputation (Surg.), an amputation for injury, performed after the constitutional effects of the injury have subsided. -- Secondary axis (Opt.), any line which passes through the optical center of a lens but not through the centers of curvature, or, in the case of a mirror, which passes through the center of curvature but not through the center of the mirror. -- Secondary battery. (Elec.) See under Battery, n., 4. -- Secondary circle (Geom. & Astron.), a great circle passes through the poles of another great circle and is therefore perpendicular to its plane. -- Secondary circuit, Secondary coil (Elec.), a circuit or coil in which a current is produced by the induction of a current in a neighboring circuit or coil called the primary circuit or coil. -- Secondary color, a color formed by mixing any two primary colors in equal proportions. -- Secondary coverts (Zo\'94l.), the longer coverts which overlie the basal part of the secondary quills of a bird. See Illust. under Bird. -- Secondary crystal (Min.), a crystal derived from one of the primary forms. -- Secondary current (Elec.), a momentary current induced in a closed circuit by a current of electricity passing through the same or a contiguous circuit at the beginning and also at the end of the passage of the primary current. -- Secondary evidence, that which is admitted upon failure to obtain the primary or best evidence. -- Secondary fever (Med.), a fever coming on in a disease after the subsidence of the fever with which the disease began, as the fever which attends the outbreak of the eruption in smallpox. -- Secondary hemorrhage (Med.), hemorrhage occuring from a wounded blood vessel at some considerable time after the original bleeding has ceased. -- Secondary planet. (Astron.) See the Note under Planet. -- Secondary qualities, those qualities of bodies which are not inseparable from them as such, but are dependent for their development and intensity on the organism of the percipient, such as color, taste, odor, etc. -- Secondary quills ∨ remiges (Zo\'94l.), the quill feathers arising from the forearm of a bird and forming a row continuous with the primaries; -- called also secondaries. See Illust. of Bird. -- Secondary rocks ∨ strata (Geol.), those lying between the Primary, or Paleozoic, and Tertiary (see Primary rocks, under Primary); -- later restricted to strata of the Mesozoic age, and at but little used. -- Secondary syphilis (Med.), the second stage of syphilis, including the period from the first development of constitutional symptoms to the time when the bones and the internal organs become involved. -- Secondary tint, any subdued tint, as gray. -- Secondary union (Surg.), the union of wounds after suppuration; union by the second intention. Syn. -- Second; second-rate; subordinate; inferior.

Secondary

Sec"ond*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Secondaries (.

1. One who occupies a subordinate, inferior, or auxiliary place; a delegate deputy; one who is second or next to the chief officer; as, the secondary, or undersheriff of the city of London.

Old Escalus . . . is thy secondary. Shak.

2. (Astron.) (a) A secondary circle. (b) A satellite.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A secondary quill.

Second-class

Sec"ond-class` (?), a. Of the rank or degree below the best highest; inferior; second-rate; as, a second-class house; a second-class passage.

Seconder

Sec"ond*er (?), n. One who seconds or supports what another attempts, affirms, moves, or proposes; as, the seconder of an enterprise or of a motion.

Secondhand

Sec"ond*hand` (?), a.

1. Not original or primary; received from another.

They have but a secondhand or implicit knowledge. Locke.

2. Not new; already or previously or used by another; as, a secondhand book, garment. At second hand. See Hand, n., 10.

Secondly

Sec"ond*ly, adv. In the second place.

Secondo

Se*con"do (?; It.), n. [It.] (Mus.) The second part in a concerted piece.

Second-rate

Sec"ond-rate` (?), a. Of the second size, rank, quality, or value; as, a second-rate ship; second-rate cloth; a second-rate champion. Dryden.

Second-sight

Sec"ond-sight` (?), n. The power of discerning what is not visible to the physical eye, or of foreseeing future events, esp. such as are of a disastrous kind; the capacity of a seer; prophetic vision.
he was seized with a fit of second-sight. Addison.
Nor less availed his optic sleight, And Scottish gift of second-sight. Trumbull.

Second-sighted

Sec"ond-sight`ed, a. Having the power of second-sight. Addison.

Secre

Se"cre (? ∨ ?), a. Secret; secretive; faithful to a secret. [Obs.]
To be holden stable and secre. Chaucer.

Secre

Se"cre, n. A secret. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Secrecy

Se"cre*cy (?), n.; pl. Secrecies (#). [From Secret.]

1. The state or quality of being hidden; as, his movements were detected in spite of their secrecy.

The Lady Anne, Whom the king hath in secrecy long married. Shak.

2. That which is concealed; a secret. [R.] Shak.

3. Seclusion; privacy; retirement. "The pensive secrecy of desert cell." Milton.

4. The quality of being secretive; fidelity to a secret; forbearance of disclosure or discovery.

It is not with public as with private prayer; in this, rather secrecy is commanded than outward show. Hooker.

Secrely

Se"cre*ly (?), adv. Secretly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Secreness

Se"cre*ness, n. Secrecy; privacy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Secret

Se"cret (?), a. [F. secret (cf. Sp.& Pg. secreto, It. secreto, segreto), fr. L. secretus, p.p. of secrernere to put apart, to separate. See Certain, and cf. Secrete, Secern.]

1. Hidden; concealed; as, secret treasure; secret plans; a secret vow. Shak.

The secret things belong unto the Lord our God; but those things which are revealed belong unto us. Deut. xxix. 29.

2. Withdraw from general intercourse or notice; in retirement or secrecy; secluded.

There, secret in her sapphire cell, He with the Na\'8bs wont to dwell. Fenton.

3. Faithful to a secret; not inclined to divulge or betray confidence; secretive. [R.]

Secret Romans, that have spoke the word, And will not palter. Shak.

4. Separate; distinct. [Obs.]

They suppose two other divine hypostases superior thereunto, which were perfectly secret from matter. Cudworth.
Syn. -- Hidden; concealed; secluded; retired; unseen; unknown; private; obscure; recondite; latent; covert; clandestine; privy. See Hidden.

Secret

Se"cret, n. [F. secret (cf. Pr. secret, Sp. & Pg. secreto, It. secreto, segreto), from L. secretum. See Secret, a.]

1. Something studiously concealed; a thing kept from general knowledge; what is not revealed, or not to be revealed.

To tell our secrets is often folly; to communicate those of others is treachery. Rambler.

Page 1301

2. A thing not discovered; what is unknown or unexplained; a mystery.

All secrets of the deep, all nature's works. Milton

3. pl. The parts which modesty and propriety require to be concealed; the genital organs. In secret, in a private place; in privacy or secrecy; in a state or place not seen; privately.

Bread eaten in secret is pleasant. Prov. ix. 17.

Secret

Se"cret (?), v. t. To keep secret. [Obs.] Bacon.

Secretage

Se"cret*age (?), n. [F.] A process in which mercury, or some of its salts, is employed to impart the property of felting to certain kinds of furs. Ure.

Secretarial

Sec`re*ta"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a secretary; befitting a secretary. [R.]
Secretarial, diplomatic, or other official training. Carlyle.

Secretariat, Secretariate

Sec`re*ta"ri*at (?), Sec`re*ta"ri*ate (?), n. [F. secr\'82tariat.] The office of a secretary; the place where a secretary transacts business, keeps records, etc.

Secretary

Sec"re*ta*ry (?), n.; pl. Secretaries (#). [F. secr\'82taire (cf. Pr. secretari, Sp. & Pg. secretario, It. secretario, segretario) LL. secretarius, originally, a confidant, one intrusted with secrets, from L. secretum a secret. See Secret, a. & n.]

1. One who keeps, or is intrusted with, secrets. [R.]

2. A person employed to write orders, letters, dispatches, public or private papers, records, and the like; an official scribe, amanuensis, or writer; one who attends to correspondence, and transacts other business, for an association, a public body, or an individual.

That which is most of all profitable is acquaintance with the secretaries, and employed men of ambassadors. Bacon.

3. An officer of state whose business is to superintend and manage the affairs of a particular department of government, and who is usually a member of the cabinet or advisory council of the chief executive; as, the secretary of state, who conducts the correspondence and attends to the relations of a government with foreign courts; the secretary of the treasury, who manages the department of finance; the secretary of war, etc.

4. A piece of furniture, with conveniences for writing and for the arrangement of papers; an escritoire.

5. (Zo\'94l.) The secretary bird. Secretary Bird. [So called in allusion to the tufts of feathers at the back of its head, which were fancifully thought to resemble pens stuck behind the ear.] (Zo\'94l.) A large long-legged raptorial bird (Gypogeranus serpentarius), native of South Africa, but now naturalized in the West Indies and some other tropical countries. It has a powerful hooked beak, a crest of long feathers, and a long tail. It feeds upon reptiles of various kinds, and is much prized on account of its habit of killing and devouring snakes of all kinds. Called also serpent eater. Syn. -- See the Note under Clerk, n., 4.

Secretaryship

Sec"re*ta*ry*ship, n. The office, or the term of office, of a secretary.

Secrete

Se*crete" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secreted; p. pr. & vb. n. Secreting.] [L. secretus separated, secret, hidden, p. p. of secernere. See Secret, and cf. Discrete, Discreet.]

1. To deposit in a place of hiding; to hide; to conceal; as, to secrete stolen goods; to secrete one's self.

2. (Physiol.) To separate from the blood and elaborate by the process of secretion; to elaborate and emit as a secretion. See Secretion.

Why one set of cells should secrete bile, another urea, and so on, we do not known. Carpenter.
Syn. -- To conceal; hide. See Conceal.

Secretion

Se*cre"tion (?), n. [L. secretio: cf. F. s\'82cr\'82tion.]

1. The act of secreting or concealing; as, the secretion of dutiable goods.

2. (Physiol.) The act of secreting; the process by which material is separated from the blood through the agency of the cells of the various glands and elaborated by the cells into new substances so as to form the various secretions, as the saliva, bile, and other digestive fluids. The process varies in the different glands, and hence are formed the various secretions.

3. (Physiol.) Any substance or fluid secreted, or elaborated and emitted, as the gastric juice.

Secretist

Se"cret*ist (?), n. A dealer in secrets. [Obs.]

Secretitious

Se`cre*ti"tious (?), a. Parted by animal secretion; as, secretitious humors. Floyer.

Secretive

Se*cret"ive (?), a. Tending to secrete, or to keep secret or private; as, a secretive disposition.

Secretiveness

Se*cret"ive*ness, n.

1. The quality of being secretive; disposition or tendency to conceal.

2. (Phren.) The faculty or propensity which impels to reserve, secrecy, or concealment.

Secretly

Se"cret*ly (?), adv. In a secret manner.

Secretness

Se"cret*ness, n.

1. The state or quality of being secret, hid, or concealed.

2. Secretiveness; concealment. Donne.

Secrete-metory

Se*cre`te-me"to*ry (?), a. (Physiol.) Causing secretion; -- said of nerves which go to glands and influence secretion.

Secretory

Se*cre"to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82cr\'82toire. See Secrete.] (Physiol.) Secreting; performing, or connected with, the office secretion; secernent; as, secretory vessels, nerves. -- n. A secretory vessel; a secernent.

Sect

Sect (?), n. [L. secare, sectum, to cut.] A cutting; a scion. [Obs.] Shak.

Sect

Sect (?), n. [F. secte, L. sects, fr. sequi to follew; often confused with L. secare, sectum, to cut. See Sue to follow, and cf. Sept, Suit, n.] Those following a particular leader or authority, or attached to a certain opinion; a company or set having a common belief or allegiance distinct from others; in religion, the believers in a particular creed, or upholders of a particular practice; especially, in modern times, a party dissenting from an established church; a denomination; in philosophy, the disciples of a particular master; a school; in society and the state, an order, rank, class, or party.
He beareth the sign of poverty, And in that sect our Savior saved all mankind. Piers Plowman.
As of the sect of which that he was born, He kept his lay, to which that he was sworn. Chaucer.
The cursed sect of that detestable and false prophet Mohammed. Fabyan.
As concerning this sect [Christians], we know that everywhere it is spoken against. Acts xxviii. 22.

Sectant

Sec"tant (?), n. [L. secare, sectum, to cut.] One of the portions of space bounded by the three coordinate planes. Specif. (Crystallog.), one of the parts of a crystal into which it is divided by the axial planes.

Sectarian

Sec*ta"ri*an (?), n. Pertaining to a sect, or to sects; peculiar to a sect; bigotedly attached to the tenets and interests of a denomination; as, sectarian principles or prejudices.

Sectarian

Sec*ta"ri*an, n. One of a sect; a member or adherent of a special school, denomination, or religious or philosophical party; one of a party in religion which has separated itself from established church, or which holds tenets different from those of the prevailing denomination in a state. Syn. -- See Heretic.

Sectarianism

Sec*ta"ri*an*ism (?), n. The quality or character of a sectarian; devotion to the interests of a party; excess of partisan or denominational zeal; adherence to a separate church organization.

Sectarianize

Sec*ta"ri*an*ize (?), v. t. To imbue with sectarian feelings; to subject to the control of a sect.

Sectarism

Sec"ta*rism, n. Sectarianism. [Obs.]

Sectarist

Sec"ta*rist (?), n. A sectary. [R.] T. Warton.

Sectary

Sec"ta*ry (?), n.;pl. Sectaries (#). [F. sectaire. See Sect.] A sectarian; a member or adherent of a sect; a follower or disciple of some particular teacher in philosophy or religion; one who separates from an established church; a dissenter.
I never knew that time in England when men of truest religion were not counted sectaries. Milton.

Sectator

Sec*ta"tor (?), n. [L., fr. sectari, v. intens. fr. sequi to follow. See Sue to follow.] A follower; a disciple; an adherent to a sect. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

Sectile

Sec"tile (?), a. [L. sectilis, fr. secare, sectum, to cut: cf. F. sectile. See Section.] Capable of being cut; specifically (Min.), capable of being severed by the knife with a smooth cut; -- said of minerals.

Sectility

Sec*til"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being sectile.

Section

Sec"tion (?), n. [L. sectio, fr. secare, sectum, to cut; akin to E. saw a cutting instrument: cf. F. section. See Saw, and cf. Scion, Dissect, Insect, Secant, Segment.]

1. The act of cutting, or separation by cutting; as, the section of bodies.

2. A part separated from something; a division; a portion; a slice. Specifically: -- (a) A distinct part or portion of a book or writing; a subdivision of a chapter; the division of a law or other writing; a paragraph; an article; hence, the character §, often used to denote such a division.

It is hardly possible to give a distinct view of his several arguments in distinct sections. Locke.
(b) A distinct part of a country or people, community, class, or the like; a part of a territory separated by geographical lines, or of a people considered as distinct.
The extreme section of one class consists of bigoted dotards, the extreme section of the other consists of shallow and reckless empirics. Macaulay.
(c) One of the portions, of one square mile each, into which the public lands of the United States are divided; one thirty-sixth part of a township. These sections are subdivided into quarter sections for sale under the homestead and pre\'89mption laws.

3. (Geom.) The figure made up of all the points common to a superficies and a solid which meet, or to two superficies which meet, or to two lines which meet. In the first case the section is a superficies, in the second a line, and in the third a point.

4. (Nat. Hist.) A division of a genus; a group of species separated by some distinction from others of the same genus; -- often indicated by the sign §.

5. (Mus.) A part of a musical period, composed of one or more phrases. See Phrase.

6. The description or representation of anything as it would appear if cut through by any intersecting plane; depiction of what is beyond a plane passing through, or supposed to pass through, an object, as a building, a machine, a succession of strata; profile. &hand; In mechanical drawing, as in these Illustrations of a cannon, a longitudinal section (a) usually represents the object as cut through its center lengthwise and vertically; a cross or transverse section (b), as cut crosswise and vertically; and a horizontal section (c), as cut through its center horizontally. Oblique sections are made at various angles. In architecture, a vertical section is a drawing showing the interior, the thickness of the walls, ets., as if made on a vertical plane passed through a building. Angular sections (Math.), a branch of analysis which treats of the relations of sines, tangents, etc., of arcs to the sines, tangents, etc., of their multiples or of their parts. [R.] -- Conic sections. (Geom.) See under Conic. -- Section liner (Drawing), an instrument to aid in drawing a series of equidistant parallel lines, -- used in representing sections. -- Thin sections, a section or slice, as of mineral, animal, or vegetable substance, thin enough to be transparent, and used for study under the microscope. Syn. -- Part; portion; division. -- Section, Part. The English more commonly apply the word section to a part or portion of a body of men; as, a section of the clergy, a small section of the Whigs, etc. In the United States this use is less common, but another use, unknown or but little known in England, is very frequent, as in the phrases "the eastern section of our country," etc., the same sense being also given to the adjective sectional as, sectional feelings, interests, etc.

Sectional

Sec"tion*al (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to a sections or distinct part of larger body or territory; local.

All sectional interests, or party feelings, it is hoped, will hereafter yield to schemes of ambition. Story.

2. Consisting of sections, or capable of being divided into sections; as, a sectional steam boiler.

Sectionalism

Sec"tion*al*ism (?), n. A disproportionate regard for the interests peculiar to a section of the country; local patriotism, as distinguished from national. [U. S.]

Sectionality

Sec"tion*al"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being sectional; sectionalism.

Sectionalize

Sec"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To divide according to gepgraphical sections or local interests. [U. S.]
The principal results of the struggle were to sectionalize parties. Nicilay & Hay (Life of Lincoln).

Sectionally

Sec"tion*al*ly, adv. In a sectional manner.

Sectionize

Sec"tion*ize (?), v. t. To form into sections. [R.]

Sectism

Sect"ism (?), n. Devotion to a sect. [R.]

Sectist

Sect"ist, n. One devoted to a sect; a soetary. [R.]

Sectiuncle

Sect"i*un`cle (?), n. A little or petty sect. [R.] "Some new sect or sectiuncle." J. Martineau.

Sector

Sec"tor (?), n. [L., properly, a cutter, fr. secare, sectum, to cut: cf. F. secteur. See Section.]

1. (Geom.) A part of a circle comprehended between two radii and the included arc.

2. A mathematical instrument, consisting of two rulers connected at one end by a joint, each arm marked with several scales, as of equal parts, chords, sines, tangents, etc., one scale of each kind on each arm, and all on lines radiating from the common center of motion. The sector is used for plotting, etc., to any scale.

3. An astronomical instrument, the limb of which embraces a small portion only of a circle, used for measuring differences of declination too great for the compass of a micrometer. When it is used for measuring zenith distances of stars, it is called a zenith sector. Dip sector, an instrument used for measuring the dip of the horizon. -- Sector of a sphere, ∨ Spherical sector, the solid generated by the revolution of the sector of a circle about one of its radii, or, more rarely, about any straight line drawn in the plane of the sector through its vertex.

Sectoral

Sec"tor*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a sector; as, a sectoral circle.

Sectorial

Sec*to"ri*al (?), a. (Anat.) Adapted for cutting. -- n. A sectorial, or carnassial, tooth.

Secular

Sec"u*lar (?), a. [OE. secular, seculer. L. saecularis, fr. saeculum a race, generation, age, the times, the world; perhaps akin to E. soul: cf. F. s\'82culier.]

1. Coming or observed once in an age or a century.

The secular year was kept but once a century. Addison.

2. Pertaining to an age, or the progress of ages, or to a long period of time; accomplished in a long progress of time; as, secular inequality; the secular refrigeration of the globe.

3. Of or pertaining to this present world, or to things not spiritual or holy; relating to temporal as distinguished from eternal interests; not immediately or primarily respecting the soul, but the body; worldly.

New foes arise, Threatening to bind our souls with secular chains. Milton.

4. (Eccl.) Not regular; not bound by monastic vows or rules; not confined to a monastery, or subject to the rules of a religious community; as, a secular priest.

He tried to enforce a stricter discipline and greater regard for morals, both in the religious orders and the secular clergy. Prescett.

5. Belonging to the laity; lay; not clerical.

I speak of folk in secular estate. Chaucer.
Secular equation (Astron.), the algebraic or numerical expression of the magnitude of the inequalities in a planet's motion that remain after the inequalities of a short period have been allowed for. -- Secular games (Rom. Antiq.), games celebrated, at long but irregular intervals, for three days and nights, with sacrifices, theatrical shows, combats, sports, and the like. -- Secular music, any music or songs not adapted to sacred uses. -- Secular hymn ∨ poem, a hymn or poem composed for the secular games, or sung or rehearsed at those games.

Secular

Sec"u*lar, n.

1. (Eccl.) A secular ecclesiastic, or one not bound by monastic rules. Burke.

2. (Eccl.) A church official whose functions are confined to the vocal department of the choir. Busby.

3. A layman, as distinguished from a clergyman.

Secularism

Sec"u*lar*ism (?), n.

1. The state or quality of being secular; a secular spirit; secularity.

2. The tenets or principles of the secularists.

Secularist

Sec"u*lar*ist, n. One who theoretically rejects every form of religious faith, and every kind of religious worship, and accepts only the facts and influences which are derived from the present life; also, one who believes that education and other matters of civil policy should be managed without the introduction of a religious element.

Secularity

Sec`u*lar"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.F. s\'82cularit\'82, LL. saecularitas.] Supreme attention to the things of the present life; worldliness.
A secularity of character which makes Christianity and its principal doctrines distasteful or unintelligible. I. Taylor.

Secularization

Sec`u*lar*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82cularisation.] The act of rendering secular, or the state of being rendered secular; conversion from regular or monastic to secular; conversion from religious to lay or secular possession and uses; as, the secularization of church property.
Page 1302

Secularize

Sec"u*lar*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secularized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Secularizing (?).] [Cf. F. s\'82culaiser.]

1. To convert from regular or monastic into secular; as, to secularize a priest or a monk.

2. To convert from spiritual or common use; as, to secularize a church, or church property.

At the Reformation the abbey was secularized. W. Coxe.

3. To make worldly or unspiritual. Bp. Horsley.

Secularly

Sec"u*lar*ly, adv. In a secular or worldly manner.

Secularness

Sec"u*lar*ness, n. The quality or state of being secular; worldliness; worldly-minded-ness.

Secund

Se"cund (?), a. [L. secundus following the course or current of wind of water. See Second, a.] (Bot.) Arranged on one side only, as flowers or leaves on a stalk. Gray.

Secundate

Se*cun"date (?), v. t. [L.secundatus, p. p. of secundare to direct faverably.] To make prosperous. [R.]

Secundation

Sec`un*da"tion (?), n. Prosperity. [R.]

Secundine

Sec"un*dine (?), n. [Cf. F. secondine.]

1. (Bot.) The second coat, or integument, of an ovule, lying within the primine. &hand; In the ripened seed the primine and secundine are usually united to form the testa, or outer seed coat. When they remain distinct the secundine becomes the mesosperm, as in the castor bean.

2. [Cf. F. secondines.] The afterbirth, or placenta and membranes; -- generally used in the plural.

Secundo-geniture

Se*cun`do-gen"i*ture (?), n. [L. secundus second + genitura a begetting, generation.] A right of inheritance belonging to a second son; a property or possession so inherited.
The kingdom of Naples . . . was constituted a secundo-geniture of Spain. Bancroft.

Securable

Se*cur"a*ble (?), a. That may be secured.

Secure

Se*cure" (?), a. [L. securus; pref. se- without + cura care. See Cure care, and cf. Sure, a.]

1. Free from fear, care, or anxiety; easy in mind; not feeling suspicion or distrust; confident.

But thou, secure of soul, unbent with woes. DRyden.

2. Overconfident; incautious; careless; -- in a bad sense. Macaulay.

3. Confident in opinion; not entertaining, or not having reason to entertain, doubt; certain; sure; -- commonly with of; as, secure of a welcome.

Confidence then bore thee on, secure Either to meet no danger, or to find Matter of glorious trial. Milton.

4. Net exposed to danger; safe; -- applied to persons and things, and followed by against or from. "Secure from fortune's blows." Dryden. Syn. -- Safe; undisturbed; easy; sure; certain; assured; confident; careless; heedless; inattentive.

Secure

Se*cure", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Securing.]

1. To make safe; to relieve from apprehensions of, or exposure to, danger; to guard; to protect.

I spread a cloud before the victor's sight, Sustained the vanquished, and secured his flight. Dryden.

2. To put beyond hazard of losing or of not receiving; to make certain; to assure; to insure; -- frequently with against or from, rarely with of; as, to secure a creditor against loss; to secure a debt by a mortgage.

It secures its possessor of eternal happiness. T. Dick.

3. To make fast; to close or confine effectually; to render incapable of getting loose or escaping; as, to secure a prisoner; to secure a door, or the hatches of a ship.

4. To get possession of; to make one's self secure of; to acquire certainly; as, to secure an estate. Secure arms (Mil.), a command and a position in the manual of arms, used in wet weather, the object being to guard the firearm from becoming wet. The piece is turned with the barrel to the front and grasped by the right hand at the lewer band, the muzzle is dropped to the front, and the piece held with the guard under the right arm, the hand supported against the hip, and the thumb on the rammer.

Securely

Se*cure"ly, adv. In a secure manner; without fear or apprehension; without danger; safely.
His daring foe . . . securely him defied. Milton.

Securement

Se*cure"ment (?), n. The act of securing; protection. [R.]
Society condemns the securement in all cases of perpetual protection by means of perpetual imprisonment. C. A. Ives.

Secureness

Se*cure"ness, n. The condition or quality of being secure; exemption from fear; want of vigilance; security.

Securer

Se*cur"er (?), n. One who, or that which, secures.

Securifera

Sec`u*rif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. securis an ax + ferre to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) The Serrifera.

Securiform

Se*cu"ri*form (?), a. [L. securis an ax or hatchet + -form: cf. F. s\'82curiforme.] (Nat. Hist.) Having the form of an ax hatchet.

Securipalp

Se*cu"ri*palp (?), n. [L. securis ax, hatchet + E. palp.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a family of beetles having the maxillary palpi terminating in a hatchet-shaped joint.

Security

Se*cu"ri*ty (?), n.; pl. Securities (#). [L. securitas: cf. F. s\'82curit\'82. See Secure, and cf. Surety.]

1. The condition or quality of being secure; secureness. Specifically: (a) Freedom from apprehension, anxiety, or care; confidence of power of safety; hence, assurance; certainty.

His trembling hand had lost the ease, Which marks security to please. Sir W. Scott.
(b) Hence, carelessness; negligence; heedlessness.
He means, my lord, that we are too remiss, Whilst Bolingbroke, through our security, Grows strong and great in substance and in power. Shak.
(c) Freedom from risk; safety.
Give up yourself merely to chance and hazard, From firm security. Shak.
Some . . . alleged that we should have no security for our trade. Swift.

2. That which secures or makes safe; protection; guard; defense. Specifically: (a) Something given, deposited, or pledged, to make certain the fulfillment of an obligation, the performance of a contract, the payment of a debt, or the like; surety; pledge.

Those who lent him money lent it on no security but his bare word. Macaulay.
(b) One who becomes surety for another, or engages himself for the performance of another's obligation.

3. An evidence of debt or of property, as a bond, a certificate of stock, etc.; as, government securities. Syn. -- Protection; defense; guard; shelter; safety; certainty; ease; assurance; carelessness; confidence; surety; pledge; bail.

Sedan

Se*dan" (?), n. [Said to be named from Sedan, in France, where it was first made, and whence it was introduced into England in the time of King Charles I.] A portable chair or covered vehicle for carrying a single person, -- usually borne on poles by two men. Called also sedan chair.

Sedate

Se*date" (?), a. [L. sedatus, p. p. of sedare, sedatum, to allay, calm, causative of sedere to sit. See Sit.] Undisturbed by passion or caprice; calm; tranquil; serene; not passionate or giddy; composed; staid; as, a sedate soul, mind, or temper.
Disputation carries away the mind from that calm and sedate temper which is so necessary to contemplate truth. I. Watts.
Whatsoever we feel and know Too sedate for outward show. Wordsworth.
Syn. -- Settled; composed; calm; quiet; tranquil; still; serene; unruffled; undisturbed; conteplative; sober; serious. -- Se*date"ly, adv. -- Se*date"ness, n.

Sedation

Se*da"tion (?), n. [L. sedatio.] The act of calming, or the state of being calm. [R.] Coles.

Sedative

Sed"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82datif.] Tending to calm, moderate, or tranquilize; specifically (Med.), allaying irritability and irritation; assuaging pain.

Sedative

Sed"a*tive, n. (Med.) A remedy which allays irritability and irritation, and irritative activity or pain.

Sedent

Se"dent (?), a. [L. sedens, -entis, p. pr. of sedere to sit. See Sit.] Sitting; inactive; quiet. [R.]

Sedentarily

Sed"en*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. In a sedentary manner.

Sedentariness

Sed"en*ta*r*i*ness, n. Quality of being sedentary.

Sedentary

Sed"en*ta*ry (?), a. [L. sedentarius, fr. sedere to sit: cf. F. se\'82dentaire. See Sedent.]

1. Accustomed to sit much or long; as, a sedentary man. "Sedentary, scholastic sophists." Bp. Warburton.

2. Characterized by, or requiring, much sitting; as, a sedentary employment; a sedentary life.

Any education that confined itself to sedentary pursuits was essentially imperfect. Beaconsfield.

3. Inactive; motionless; sluggish; hence, calm; tranquil. [R.] "The sedentary earth." Milton.

The soul, considered abstractly from its passions, is of a remiss, sedentary nature. Spectator.

4. Caused by long sitting. [Obs.] "Sedentary numbness." Milton.

5. (Zo\'94l.) Remaining in one place, especially when firmly attached to some object; as, the oyster is a sedentary mollusk; the barnacles are sedentary crustaceans. Sedentary spider (Zo\'94l.), one of a tribe of spiders which rest motionless until their prey is caught in their web.

Sederunt

Se*de"runt (?), n. [L., they sat, fr. sedere to sit.] A sitting, as of a court or other body.
'T is pity we have not Burn's own account of that long sederunt. Prof. Wilson.
Acts of sederunt (Scots Law), ordinances of the Court of Session for the ordering of processes and expediting of justice. Bell.

Sedge

Sedge (?), n. [OE. segge, AS. secg; akin to LG. segge; -- probably named from its bladelike appearance, and akin to L. secare to cut, E. saw a cutting instrument; cf. Ir. seisg, W. hesg. Cf. Hassock, Saw the instrument.]

1. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Carex, perennial, endogenous herbs, often growing in dense tufts in marshy places. They have triangular jointless stems, a spiked inflorescence, and long grasslike leaves which are usually rough on the margins and midrib. There are several hundred species. &hand; The name is sometimes given to any other plant of the order Cyperace\'91, which includes Carex, Cyperus, Scirpus, and many other genera of rushlike plants.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A flock of herons. Sedge ken (Zo\'94l.), the clapper rail. See under 5th Rail. -- Sedge warbler (Zo\'94l.), a small European singing bird (Acrocephalus phragmitis). It often builds its nest among reeds; -- called also sedge bird, sedge wren, night warbler, and Scotch nightingale.

Sedged

Sedged (?), a. Made or composed of sedge.
With your sedged crowns and ever-harmless looks. Shak.

Sedgy

Sedg"y (?), a. Overgrown with sedge.
On the gentle Severn\'b6s sedgy bank. Shak.

Sedilia

Se*dil"i*a (?), n. pl.; sing. Sedile (. [L. sedile a seat.] (Arch.) Seats in the chancel of a church near the altar for the officiating clergy during intervals of service. Hook.

Sediment

Sed"i*ment (?), n. [F. s\'82diment, L. sedimentum a settling, fr. sedere to sit, to settle. See Sit.]

1. The matter which subsides to the bottom, frrom water or any other liquid; settlings; lees; dregs.

2. (Geol.) The material of which sedimentary rocks are formed.

Sedimental

Sed`i*men"tal (?), a. Sedimentary.

Sedimentary

Sed`i*men"ta*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82dimentaire.] Of or pertaining to sediment; formed by sediment; containing matter that has subsided. Sedimentary rocks. (Geol.) See Aqueous rocks, under Aqueous.

Sedimentation

Sed`i*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act of depositing a sediment; specifically (Geol.), the deposition of the material of which sedimentary rocks are formed.

Sedition

Se*di"tion (?), n. [OE. sedicioun, OF. sedition, F. s\'82dition, fr. L. seditio, originally, a going aside; hence, an insurrectionary separation; pref. se-, sed-, aside + itio a going, fr. ire, itum, to go. Cf. Issue.]

1. The raising of commotion in a state, not amounting to insurrection; conduct tending to treason, but without an overt act; excitement of discontent against the government, or of resistance to lawful authority.

In soothing them, we nourish 'gainst our senate The cockle of rebellion, insolence, sedition. Shak.
Noisy demagogues who had been accused of sedition. Macaulay.

2. Dissension; division; schism. [Obs.]

Now the works of the flesh are manifest, . . . emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies. Gal. v. 19, 20.
Syn. -- Insurrection; tumult; uproar; riot; rebellion; revolt. See Insurrection.

Seditionary

Se*di"tion*a*ry (?), n. An inciter or promoter of sedition. Bp. Hall.

Seditious

Se*di"tious (?), a.[L. seditiosus: cf. F. s\'82ditieux.]

1. Of or pertaining to sedition; partaking of the nature of, or tending to excite, sedition; as, seditious behavior; seditious strife; seditious words.

2. Disposed to arouse, or take part in, violent opposition to lawful authority; turbulent; factious; guilty of sedition; as, seditious citizens. -- Se*di"tious*ly, adv. -- Se*di"tious*ness, n.

Sedlitz

Sed"litz (?), a. Same as Seidlitz.

Seduce

Se*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seduced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seducing (?).] [L. seducere, seductum; pref. se- aside + ducere to lead. See Duke.]

1. To draw aside from the path of rectitude and duty in any manner; to entice to evil; to lead astray; to tempt and lead to iniquity; to corrupt.

For me, the gold of France did not seduce. Shak.

2. Specifically, to induce to surrender chastity; to debauch by means of solicitation. Syn. -- To allure; entice; tempt; attract; mislead; decoy; inveigle. See Allure.

Seducement

Se*duce"ment (?), n.

1. The act of seducing.

2. The means employed to seduce, as flattery, promises, deception, etc.; arts of enticing or corrupting. Pope.

Seducer

Se*du"cer (?), n. One who, or that which, seduces; specifically, one who prevails over the chastity of a woman by enticements and persuasions.
He whose firm faith no reason could remove, Will melt before that soft seducer, love. Dryden.

Seducible

Se*du"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of being seduced; corruptible.

Seducing

Se*du"cing (?), a. Seductive. "Thy sweet seducing charms." Cowper. -- Se*du"cing*ly, adv.

Seduction

Se*duc*tion (?), n. [L. seductio: cf. F. s\'82duction. See Seduce.]

1. The act of seducing; enticement to wrong doing; specifically, the offense of inducing a woman to consent to unlawful sexual intercourse, by enticements which overcome her scruples; the wrong or crime of persuading a woman to surrender her chastity.

2. That which seduces, or is adapted to seduce; means of leading astray; as, the seductions of wealth.

Seductive

Se*duc"tive (?), a. Tending to lead astray; apt to mislead by flattering appearances; tempting; alluring; as, a seductive offer.
This may enable us to understand how seductive is the influence of example. Sir W. Hamilton.

Seductively

Se*duc"tive*ly, adv. In a seductive manner.

Seductress

Se*duc"tress (?), n. A woman who seduces.

Sedulity

Se*du"li*ty (?), n. [L. sedulitas. See Sedulous.] The quality or state of being sedulous; diligent and assiduous application; constant attention; unremitting industry; sedulousness.
The industrious bee, by his sedulity in summer, lives in honey all the winter. Feltham.

Sedulous

Sed"u*lous (?), a. [L. sedulus, perhaps from sedere to sit, and so akin to E. sit.] Diligent in application or pursuit; constant, steady, and persevering in business, or in endeavors to effect an object; steadily industrious; assiduous; as, the sedulous bee.
What signifies the sound of words in prayer, without the affection of the heart, and a sedulous application of the proper means that may naturally lead us to such an end? L'Estrange.
Syn. -- Assiduous; diligent; industrious; laborious; unremitting; untiring; unwearied; persevering. -- Sed"u*lous*ly, adv. -- Sed"u*lous*ness, n.

Sedum

Se"dum (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sedere to sit; so called in allusion to the manner in which the plants attach themselves to rocks and walls.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, mostly perennial, having succulent leaves and cymose flowers; orpine; stonecrop. Gray.

See

See (?), n. [OE. se, see, OF. se, sed, sied, fr. L. sedes a seat, or the kindred sedere to sit. See Sit, and cf. Siege.]

1. A seat; a site; a place where sovereign power is exercised. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jove laughed on Venus from his sovereign see. Spenser.

2. Specifically: (a) The seat of episcopal power; a diocese; the jurisdiction of a bishop; as, the see of New York. (b) The seat of an archibishop; a province or jurisdiction of an archibishop; as, an archiepiscopal see. (c) The seat, place, or office of the pope, or Roman pontiff; as, the papal see. (d) The pope or his court at Rome; as, to appeal to the see of Rome. Apostolic see. See under Apostolic.


Page 1303

See

See (?), v. t. [imp. Saw (?); p. p. Seen (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeing.] [OE. seen, sen, seon, As. se\'a2n; akin to OFries. s\'c6a, D. zien, OS. & OHG. sehan, G. sehen, Icel. sj\'be, Sw. se, Dan. see, Goth. sa\'a1hwan, and probably to L. sequi to follow (and so originally meaning, to follow with the eyes). Gr. sac. Cf. Sight, Sun to follow.]

1. To perceive by the eye; to have knowledge of the existence and apparent qualities of by the organs of sight; to behold; to descry; to view.

I will new turn aside, and see this great sight. Ex. iii. 3.

2. To perceive by mental vision; to form an idea or conception of; to note with the mind; to observe; to discern; to distinguish; to understand; to comprehend; to ascertain.

Go, I pray thee, see whether it be well with thy brethren. Gen. xxxvii. 14.
Jesus saw that he answered discreetly. Mark xii. 34.
Who 's so gross That seeth not this palpable device? Shak.

3. To follow with the eyes, or as with the eyes; to watch; to regard attentivelly; to look after. Shak.

I had a mind to see him out, and therefore did not care for centradicting him. Addison.

4. To have an interview with; especially, to make a call upon; to visit; as, to go to see a friend.

And Samuel came no more to see Saul untill the day of his death. 1 Sam. xv. 35.

5. To fall in with; to have intercourse or communication with; hence, to have knowledge or experience of; as, to see military service.

Make us glad according to the days wherein thou hast afflicted us, and the years wherein we have seen evil. Ps. xc. 15.
Verily, verily, I say unto you, if a man keep my saying, he shall never see death. John viii. 51.
Improvement in visdom and prudence by seeing men. Locke.

6. To accompany in person; to escort; to wait upon; as, to see one home; to see one aboard the cars. God you (him, ∨ me, etc.) see, God keep you (him, me, etc.) in his sight; God protect you. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To see (anything) out, to see (it) to the end; to be present at, or attend, to the end. -- To see stars, to see flashes of light, like stars; -- sometimes the result of concussion of the head. [Colloq.] -- To see (one) through, to help, watch, or guard (one) to the end of a course or an undertaking.

See

See, v. i.

1. To have the power of sight, or of perceiving by the proper organs; to possess or employ the sense of vision; as, he sees distinctly.

Whereas I was blind, now I see. John ix. 25.

2. Figuratively: To have intellectual apprehension; to perceive; to know; to understand; to discern; -- often followed by a preposition, as through, or into.

For judgment I am come into this world, that they which see not might see; and that they which see might be made blind. John ix. 39.
Many sagacious persons will find us out, . . . and see through all our fine pretensions. Tillotson.

3. To be attentive; to take care; to give heed; -- generally with to; as, to see to the house.

See that ye fall not out by the way. Gen. xiv. 24.
&hand; Let me see, Let us see, are used to express consideration, or to introduce the particular consideration of a subject, or some scheme or calculation.
Cassio's a proper man, let me see now, - To get his place. Shak.
&hand; See is sometimes used in the imperative for look, or behold. "See. see! upon the banks of Boyne he stands." Halifax. To see about a thing, to pay attention to it; to consider it. -- To see on, to look at. [Obs.] "She was full more blissful on to see." Chaucer. -- To see to. (a) To look at; to behold; to view. [Obs.] "An altar by Jordan, a great altar to see to" Josh. xxii. 10. (b) To take care about; to look after; as, to see to a fire.

Seed

Seed (?), n.; pl. Seed or Seeds (#). [OE. seed, sed, AS. s, fr. s\'bewan to sow; akin to D. zaad seed, G. saat, Icel. s\'be, s, Goth. manas seed of men. world. See Sow to scatter seed, and cf. Colza.]

1. (Bot.) (a) A ripened ovule, consisting of an embryo with one or more integuments, or coverings; as, an apple seed; a currant seed. By germination it produces a new plant. (b) Any small seedlike fruit, though it may consist of a pericarp, or even a calyx, as well as the seed proper; as, parsnip seed; thistle seed.

And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself. Gen. i. 11.
&hand; The seed proper has an outer and an inner coat, and within these the kernel or nucleus. The kernel is either the embryo alone, or the embryo inclosed in the albumen, which is the material for the nourishment of the developing embryo. The scar on a seed, left where the stem parted from it, is called the hilum, and the closed orifice of the ovule, the micropyle.

2. (Physiol.) The generative fluid of the male; semen; sperm; -- not used in the plural.

3. That from which anything springs; first principle; original; source; as, the seeds of virtue or vice.

4. The principle of production.

Praise of great acts he scatters as a seed, Which may the like in coming ages breed. Waller.

5. Progeny; offspring; children; descendants; as, the seed of Abraham; the seed of David. &hand; In this sense the word is applied to one person, or to any number collectively, and admits of the plural form, though rarely used in the plural.

6. Race; generation; birth.

Of mortal seed they were not held. Waller.
Seed bag (Artesian well), a packing to prevent percolation of water down the bore hole. It consists of a bag encircling the tubing and filled with flax seed, which swells when wet and fills the space between the tubing and the sides of the hole. -- Seed bud (Bot.), the germ or rudiment of the plant in the embryo state; the ovule. -- Seed coat (Bot.), the covering of a seed. -- Seed corn, ∨ Seed grain (Bot.), corn or grain for seed. -- Seed down (Bot.), the soft hairs on certain seeds, as cotton seed. -- Seed drill. See 6th Drill, 2 (a). -- Seed eater (Zo\'94l.), any finch of the genera Sporophila, and Crithagra. They feed mainly on seeds. -- Seed gall (Zo\'94l.), any gall which resembles a seed, formed, on the leaves of various plants, usually by some species of Phylloxera. -- Seed leaf (Bot.), a cotyledon. -- Seed lobe (Bot.), a cotyledon; a seed leaf. -- Seed oil, oil expressed from the seeds of plants. -- Seed oyster, a young oyster, especially when of a size suitable for transplantation to a new locality. -- Seed pearl, a small pearl of little value. -- Seed plat, ∨ Seed plot, the ground on which seeds are sown, to produce plants for transplanting; a nursery. -- Seed stalk (Bot.), the stalk of an ovule or seed; a funicle. -- Seed tick (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of ticks resembling seeds in form and color. -- Seed vessel (Bot.), that part of a plant which contains the seeds; a pericarp. -- Seed weevil (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous small weevels, especially those of the genus Apion, which live in the seeds of various plants. -- Seed wool, cotton wool not yet cleansed of its seeds. [Southern U.S.]

Seed

Seed, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seeded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seeding.]

1. To sprinkle with seed; to plant seeds in; to sow; as, to seed a field.

2. To cover thinly with something scattered; to ornament with seedlike decorations.

A sable mantle seeded with waking eyes. B. Jonson.
To seed down, to sow with grass seed.

Seedbox

Seed"box` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A capsule. (b) A plant (Ludwigia alternifolia) which has somewhat cubical or box-shaped capsules.

Seedcake

Seed"cake` (?), n. A sweet cake or cooky containing aromatic seeds, as caraway. Tusser.

Seedcod

Seed"cod` (?), n. A seedlip. [Prov. Eng.]

Seeder

Seed"er (?), n. One who, or that which, sows or plants seed.

Seediness

Seed`i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being seedy, shabby, or worn out; a state of wretchedness or exhaustion. [Colloq.] G. Eliot.
What is called seedness, after a debauch, is a plain proof that nature has been outraged. J. S. Blackie.

Seed-lac

Seed"-lac` (?), n. A species of lac. See the Note under Lac.

Seedless

Seed"less, a. Without seed or seeds.

Seedling

Seed"ling (?), n. (Bot.) A plant reared from the seed, as distinguished from one propagated by layers, buds, or the like.

Seedlip, Seedlop

Seed"lip` (?), Seed"lop` (?), n. [AS. s; s seed + le\'a0p basket.] A vessel in which a sower carries the seed to be scattered. [Prov. Eng.]

Seedman

Seed"man (?), See Seedsman.

Seedness

Seed"ness, n. Seedtime. [Obs.] Shak.

Seedsman

Seeds"man (?), n.; pl. Seedsmen (.

1. A sower; one who sows or scatters seed.

The seedsman Upon the slime and ooze scatters his grain. Shak.

2. A person who deals in seeds.

Seedtime

Seed"time` (?), n. [AS. s.] The season proper for sowing.
While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not cease. Gen. viii. 22.

Seedy

Seed"y (?), a. [Compar. Seedier (?); superl. Seediest.]

1. Abounding with seeds; bearing seeds; having run to seeds.

2. Having a peculiar flavor supposed to be derived from the weeds growing among the vines; -- said of certain kinds of FRench brandy.

3. Old and worn out; exhausted; spiritless; also, poor and miserable looking; shabily clothed; shabby looking; as, he looked seedy coat. [Colloq.]

Little Flanigan here . . . is a little seedy, as we say among us that practice the law. Goldsmith. Seedy toe, an affection of a horse's foot, in which a cavity filled with horn powder is formed between the lamin\'91 and the wall of the hoof.

Seeing

See"ing (?), conj. (but originally a present participle). In view of the fact (that); considering; taking into account (that); insmuch as; since; because; -- followed by a dependent clause; as, he did well, seeing that he was so young.
Wherefore come ye to me, seeing ye hate me? Gen. xxvi. 27.

Seek

Seek (?), a. Sick. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Seek

Seek, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sought (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeking.] [OE, seken, AS. s, s; akin to OS. s, LG. s\'94ken, D. zoeken, OHG. suohhan, G. suchen, Icel. s, Sw. s\'94ka, Dan. s\'94ge, Goth. s, and E. sake. Cf. Beseech, Ransack, Sagacious, Sake, Soc.]

1. To go in search of; to look for; to search for; to try to find.

The man saked him, saying, What seekest thou? And he said, I seek my brethren. Gen. xxxvii. 15,16.

2. To inquire for; to ask for; to solicit; to bessech.

Others, tempting him, sought of him a sign. Luke xi. 16.

3. To try to acquire or gain; to strive after; to aim at; as, to seek wealth or fame; to seek one's life.

4. To try to reach or come to; to go to; to resort to.

Seek not Bethel, nor enter into Gilgal. Amos v. 5.
Since great Ulysses sought the Phrygian plains. Pope.

Seek

Seek (?), v. i. To make search or inquiry: to endeavor to make discovery.
Seek ye out of the book of the Lord, and read. Isa. xxxiv. 16.
To seek, needing to seek or search; hence, unpreparated. "Unpracticed, unpreparated, and still to seek." Milton. [Obs] -- To seek after, to make pursuit of; to attempt to find or take. -- To seek for, to endeavor to find. -- To seek to, to apply to; to resort to; to court. [Obs.] "All the earth sought to Solomon, to hear his wisdom." 1. Kings x. 24. -- To seek upon, to make strict inquiry after; to follow up; to persecute. [Obs.]
To seek Upon a man and do his soul unrest. Chaucer.

Seeker

Seek"er (?), n.

1. One who seeks; that which is used in seeking or searching.

2. (Eccl.) One of a small heterogeneous sect of the 17th century, in Great Britain, who professed to be seeking the true church, ministry, and sacraments.

A skeptic [is] ever seeking and never finds, like our new upstart sect of Seekers. Bullokar.

Seek-no-further

Seek"-no-fur`ther (?), n. A kind of choice winter apple, having a subacid taste; -- formerly called go-no-further.

Seek-sorrow

Seek"-sor`row (?), n. One who contrives to give himself vexation. [Archaic.] Sir P. Sidney.

Seel

Seel (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seeled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeling.] [F.siller, ciller, fr. cil an eyelash, L. cilium.]

1. (Falconry) To close the eyes of (a hawk or other bird) by drawing through the lids threads which were fastened over the head. Bacon.

Fools climbs to fall: fond hopes, like seeled doves for want of better light, mount till they end their flight with falling. J. Reading.

2. Hence, to shut or close, as the eyes; to blind.

Come, seeling night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day. Shak.
Gold death, with a violent fate, his sable eyes did seel. Chapman.

Seel

Seel, v. i. [Cf. LG. sielen to lead off water, F. siller to run ahead, to make headway, E. sile, v.t.] To incline to one side; to lean; to roll, as a ship at sea. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

Seel, Seeling

Seel (?), Seel"ing, n. The rolling or agitation of a ship in a sterm. [Obs.] Sandys.

Seel

Seel, n. [AS. s, from s good, prosperous. See Silly.]

1. Good fortune; favorable opportunity; prosperity. [Obs.] "So have I seel". Chaucer.

2. Time; season; as, hay seel. [Prov. Eng.]

Seelily

Seel"i*ly (?), adv. In a silly manner. [Obs.]

Seely

Seel"y (?), a. See Silly. [Obs.] Spenser.

Seem

Seem (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Seemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeming.] [OE. semen to seem, to become, befit, AS. s to satisfy, pacify; akin to Icel. s to honor, to bear with, conform to, s becoming, fit, s to beseem, to befit, sama to beseem, semja to arrange, settle, put right, Goth. samjan to please, and to E. same. The sense is probably due to the adj. seemly. &root;191. See Same, a., and cf. Seemly.] To appear, or to appear to be; to have a show or semblance; to present an appearance; to look; to strike one's apprehension or fancy as being; to be taken as. "It now seemed probable." Macaulay.
Thou picture of what thou seem'st. Shak.
All seemed well pleased; all seemed, but were not all. Milton.
There is a way which seemeth right unto a man; but the end thereof are the ways of death. Prov. xiv. 12.
It seems, it appears; it is understood as true; it is said.
A prince of Italy, it seems, entertained his misstress on a great lake. Addison.
Syn. -- To appear; look. -- Seem, Appear. To appear has reference to a thing's being presented to our view; as, the sun appears; to seem is connected with the idea of semblance, and usually implies an inference of our mind as to the probability of a thing's being so; as, a storm seems to be coming. "The story appears to be true," means that the facts, as presented, go to show its truth; "the story seems to be true," means that it has the semblance of being so, and we infer that it is true. "His first and principal care being to appear unto his people such as he would have them be, and to be such as he appeared." Sir P. Sidney.
Ham. Ay, madam, it is common. Queen. If it be, Why seems it so particular with thee? Ham. Seems, madam! Nay, it is; I know not "seems." Shak.

Seem

Seem, v. t. To befit; to beseem. [Obs.] Spenser.

Seemer

Seem"er (?), n. One who seems; one who carries or assumes an appearance or semblance.
Hence shall we see, If power change purpose, what our seemers be. Shak.

Seeming

Seem"ing, a. Having a semblance, whether with or without reality; apparent; specious; befitting; as, seeming friendship; seeming truth.
My lord, you have lost a friend indeed; And I dare swear you borrow not that face Of seeming sorrow, it is sure your own. Shak.

Seeming

Seem"ing, n.

1. Appearance; show; semblance; fair appearance; speciousness.

These keep Seeming and savor all the winter long. Shak.

2. Apprehension; judgment. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Nothing more clear unto their seeming. Hooker.
His persuasive words, impregned With reason, to her seeming. Milton.

Seemingly

Seem"ing*ly, adv. In appearance; in show; in semblance; apparently; ostensibly.
This the father seemingly complied with. Addison.

Seemingness

Seem"ing*ness, n. Semblance; fair appearance; plausibility. Sir K. Digby.

Seemless

Seem"less, a. Unseemly. [Obs.] Spenser.

Seemlily

Seem"li*ly (?), adv. In a seemly manner. [Obs.]

Seemliness

Seem"li*ness, n. The quality or state of being seemly: comeliness; propriety.
Page 1304

Seemly

Seem"ly (?), a. [Compar.Seemlier (; superl. Seeliest.] [Icel. s, fr. s becoming, fit; akin to samr same, E. same; the sense being properly, the same or like, hence, fitting. See Seem, v. i.] Suited to the object, occasion, purpose, or character; suitable; fit; becoming; comely; decorous.
He had a seemly nose. Chaucer.
I am a woman, lacking wit To make a seemly answer to such persons. Shak.
Suspense of judgment and exercise of charity were safer and seemlier for Christian men than the hot pursuit of these controversies. Hooker.
Syn. -- Becoming; fit; suitable; proper; appropriate; congruous; meet; decent; decorous.

Seemly

Seem"ly (?), adv. [Compar. Seemlier; superl. Seemliest.] In a decent or suitable manner; becomingly.
Suddenly a men before him stood, Not rustic as before, but seemlier clad, As one in city or court or place bred. Milton.

Seemlyhed

Seem"ly*hed (?), n. [See -hood.] Comely or decent appearance. [Obs.] Rom. of R. Spenser.

Seen

Seen (?), p. p. of See.

Seen

Seen, a. Versed; skilled; accomplished. [Obs.]
Well seen in every science that mote be. Spenser.
Noble Boyle, not less in nature seen, Than his great brother read in states and men. Dryden.

Seep, ∨ Sipe

Seep (?), ∨ Sipe (?), v. i. [AS. s\'c6pan to distill.] To run or soak through fine pores and interstices; to ooze. [Scot. & U. S.]
Water seeps up through the sidewalks. G. W. Cable.

Seepage, ∨ Sipage

Seep"age (?), ∨ Sip"age, n. Water that seeped or oozed through a porous soil. [Scot. & U. S.]

Seepy, ∨ Sipy

Seep"y (?), ∨ Sip"y, a. Oozy; -- applied to land under cultivation that is not well drained.

Seer

Seer (?), a. Sore; painful. [Prov. Eng.] Ray.

Seer

Se"er (?), n. One who sees. Addison.

Seer

Seer (?), n. [From See.] A person who foresees events; a prophet. Milton.

Seeress

Seer"ess, n. A female seer; a prophetess.

Seerfish

Seer"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A scombroid food fish of Maderia (Cybium Commersonii).

Seerhand

Seer"hand (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A kind of muslin of a texture between nainsook and mull.

Seership

Seer"ship, n. The office or quality of a seer.

Seersucker

Seer"suck`er (?), n. A light fabric, originally made in the East Indies, of silk and linen, usually having alternating stripes, and a slightly craped or puckered surface; also, a cotton fabric of similar appearance.

Seerwood

Seer"wood` (?), n. [See Sear.] Dry wood. [Written also searwood.] [Obs.] Dryden.

Seesaw

See"saw` (?), n. [Probably a reduplication of saw, to express the alternate motion to and fro, as in the act of sawing.]

1. A play among children in which they are seated upon the opposite ends of a plank which is balanced in the middle, and move alternately up and down.

2. A plank or board adjusted for this play.

3. A vibratory or reciprocating motion.

He has been arguing in a circle; there is thus a seesaw between the hypothesis and fact. Sir W. Hamilton.

4. (Whist.) Same as Crossruff.

Seesaw

See"saw`, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Seesawad (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seesawing.] To move with a reciprocating motion; to move backward and forward, or upward and downward.

Seesaw

See"saw`, v. t. To cause to move backward and forward in seesaw fashion.
He seesaws himself to and fro. Ld. Lytton.

Seesaw

See"saw`, a. Moving up and down, or to and fro; having a reciprocating motion.

Seet

Seet (?), obs. imp. of Sit. Sate; sat. Chaucer.

Seeth

Seeth (?), obs. imp. of Seethe. Chaucer.

Seethe

Seethe (?), v. t. [imp. Seethed (?) (Sod (, obs.); p. p. Seethed, Sodden (; p. pr. & vb. n. Seething.] [OE. sethen, AS. se\'a2; akin to D. sieden, OHG. siodan, G. sieden, Icel. sj, Sw. sjuda, Dan. syde, Goth. saubs a burnt offering. Cf. Sod, n., Sodden, Suds.] To decoct or prepare for food in hot liquid; to boil; as, to seethe flesh. [Written also seeth.]
Set on the great pot, and seethe pottage for the sons of the prophets. 2 Kings iv. 38.

Seethe

Seethe, v. i. To be a state of ebullition or violent commotion; to be hot; to boil. 1 Sam. ii. 13.
A long Pointe, round which the Mississippi used to whirl, and seethe, and foam. G. W. Cable.

Seether

Seeth"er (?), n. A pot for boiling things; a boiler.
Like burnished gold the little seether shone. Dryden.

Seg

Seg (?), n. [See Sedge.] (Bot.)

1. Sedge. [Obs.]

2. The gladen, and other species of Iris. Prior.

Seg

Seg, n. [Probably from the root of L. secare to cut.] A castrated bull. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.

Segar

Se*gar" (?), n. See Cigar.

Seggar

Seg"gar (?), n. [Prov. E. saggard a seggar, seggard a sort of riding surtout, contr. fr. safeguard.] A case or holder made of fire clay, in which fine pottery is inclosed while baking in the kin. [Written also saggar, sagger, and segger.] Ure.

Segge

Segge (?), n. (Zo\'94l.The hedge sparrow. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Segment

Seg"ment (?), n. [L. segmentum, fr. secare to cut, cut off: cf. F. segment. See Saw a cutting instrument.]

1. One of the parts into which any body naturally separates or is divided; a part divided or cut off; a section; a portion; as, a segment of an orange; a segment of a compound or divided leaf.

2. (Geom.) A part cut off from a figure by a line or plane; especially, that part of a circle contained between a chord and an arc of that circle, or so much of the circle as is cut off by the chord; as, the segment acb in the Illustration.

3. (Mach.) (a) A piece in the form of the sector of a circle, or part of a ring; as, the segment of a sectional fly wheel or flywheel rim. (b) A segment gear.

4. (Biol.) (a) One of the cells or division formed by segmentation, as in egg cleavage or in fissiparous cell formation. (b) One of the divisions, rings, or joints into which many animal bodies are divided; a somite; a metamere; a somatome. Segment gear, a piece for receiving or communicating reciprocating motion from or to a cogwheel, consisting of a sector of a circular gear, or ring, having cogs on the periphery, or face. -- Segment of a line, the part of a line contained between two points on it. -- Segment of a sphere, the part of a sphere cut off by a plane, or included between two parallel planes. -- Ventral segment. (Acoustics) See Loor, n., 5.

Segment

Seg"ment (?), v. i. (Biol.) To divide or separate into parts in growth; to undergo segmentation, or cleavage, as in the segmentation of the ovum.

Segmental

Seg*men"tal (?), a.

1. Relating to, or being, a segment.

2. (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) (a) Of or pertaining to the segments of animals; as, a segmental duct; segmental papill\'91. (b) Of or pertaining to the segmental organs. Segmental duct (Anat.), the primitive duct of the embryonic excretory organs which gives rise to the Wolffian duct and ureter; the pronephric duct. -- Segmental organs. (a) (Anat.) The embryonic excretory organs of vertebrates, consisting primarily of the segmental tubes and segmental ducts. (b) (Zo\'94l.) The tubular excretory organs, a pair of which often occur in each of several segments in annelids. They serve as renal organs, and often, also, as oviducts and sperm ducts. See Illust. under Sipunculacea. -- Segmental tubes (Anat.), the tubes which primarily open into the segmental duct, some of which become the urinary tubules of the adult.

Segmentation

Seg`men*ta"tion (?), n. The act or process of dividing into segments; specifically (Biol.), a self-division into segments as a result of growth; cell cleavage; cell multiplication; endogenous cell formation. Segmentation cavity (Biol.), the cavity formed by the arrangement of the cells in segmentation or cleavage of the ovum; the cavity of the blastosphere. In the gastrula stage, the segmentation cavity in which the mesoblast is formed lies between the entoblast and ectoblast. See Illust. of Invagination. -- Segmentation nucleus (Biol.), the body formed by fusion of the male and female pronucleus in an impregnated ovum. See the Note under Pronucleus. -- Segmentation of the ovum, ∨ Egg cleavage (Biol.), the process by which the embryos of all the higher plants and animals are derived from the germ cell. In the simplest case, that of small ova destitute of food yolk, the ovum or egg divides into two similar halves or segments (blastomeres), each of these again divides into two, and so on, thus giving rise to a mass of cells (mulberry mass, or morula), all equal and similar, from the growth and development of which the future animal is to be formed. This constitutes regular segmentation. Quite frequently, however, the equality and regularity of cleavage is interfered with by the presence of food yolk, from which results unequal segmentation. See Holoblastic, Meroblastic, Alecithal, Centrolecithal, Ectolecithal, and Ovum. -- Segmentation sphere (Biol.), the blastosphere, or morula. See Morula.

Segmented

Seg"ment*ed (?), a. Divided into segments or joints; articulated.

Segnitude, Segnity

Seg"ni*tude (?), Seg"ni*ty (?), n. [L. segnitas, fr. segnis slow, sluggish.] Sluggishness; dullness; inactivity. [Obs.]

Segno

Se"gno (?), n. [It. See Sign.] (Mus.) A sign. See Al segno, and Dal segno.

Sego

Se"go (?), n. (Bot.) A liliaceous plant (Calochortus Nuttallii) of Western North America, and its edible bulb; -- so called by the Ute Indians and the Mormons.

Segregate

Seg"re*gate (?), a. [L. segregatus, p. p. of segregare to separate; pref. se- aside + grex, gregis, a flock or herd. See Gregarious.]

1. Separate; select.

2. (Bot.) Separated from others of the same kind.

Segregate

Seg"re*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Segregated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Segregating.] To separate from others; to set apart.
They are still segregated, Christians from Christians, under odious designations. I. Taylor.

Segregate

Seg"re*gate, v. i. (Geol.) To separate from a mass, and collect together about centers or along lines of fracture, as in the process of crystallization or solidification.

Segregation

Seg`re*ga"tion (?), n. [L. segregatio: cf. F. s\'82gr\'82gation.]

1. The act of segregating, or the state of being segregated; separation from others; a parting.

2. (Geol.) Separation from a mass, and gathering about centers or into cavities at hand through cohesive attraction or the crystallizing process.

Seiches

Seiches (?), n. pl. [F.] (Geol.) Local oscillations in level observed in the case of some lakes, as Lake Geneva.

Seid

Seid (?), n. [Ar seyid prince.] A descendant of Mohammed through his daughter Fatima and nephew Ali.

Seidlitz

Seid"litz (?), a. Of or pertaining to Seidlitz, a village in Bohemia. [Written also Sedlitz.] Seidlitz powders, effervescing salts, consisting of two separate powders, one of which contains forty grains of sodium bicarbonate mixed with two drachms of RochellRochelle powders. -- Seidlitz water, a natural water from Seidlitz, containing magnesium, sodium, calcium, and potassium sulphates, with calcium carbonate and a little magnesium chloride. It is used as an aperient.

Seigh

Seigh (?), obs. imp. sing. of See. Saw. Chaucer.

Seigneurial

Seign*eu"ri*al (?), a. [F., fr. seigneur. See Seignior.]

1. Of or pertaining to the lord of a manor; manorial. Sir W. Temple.

2. Vested with large powers; independent.

Seignior

Seign"ior (?), n. [OF. seignor, F. seigneur, cf. It. signore, Sp. se\'a4or from an objective case of L. senier elder. See Senior.]

1. A lord; the lord of a manor.

2. A title of honor or of address in the South of Europe, corresponding to Sir or Mr. in English. Grand Seignior, the sultan of Turkey.

Seigniorage

Seign"ior*age (?), n. [F. seigneuriage, OF. seignorage.]

1. Something claimed or taken by virtue of sovereign prerogative; specifically, a charge or toll deducted from bullion brought to a mint to be coined; the difference between the cost of a mass of bullion and the value as money of the pieces coined from it.

If government, however, throws the expense of coinage, as is reasonable, upon the holders, by making a charge to cover the expense (which is done by giving back rather less in coin than has been received in bullion, and is called "levying a seigniorage"), the coin will rise to the extent of the seigniorage above the value of the bullion. J. S. Mill.

2. A share of the receipts of a business taken in payment for the use of a right, as a copyright or a patent.

Seignioral

Seign"ior*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a seignior; seigneurial. "Kingly or seignioral patronage." Burke.

Seignioralty

Seign"ior*al*ty (?), n. The territory or authority of a seignior, or lord. Milman.

Seigniorial

Seign*io"ri*al (?), a. Same as Seigneurial.

Seigniorize

Seign"ior*ize (?), v. t. To lord it over. [Obs.]
As proud as he that seigniorizeth hell. Fairfax.

Seigniory

Seign"ior*y (?), n.; pl. -ies (#). [OE. seignorie, OF. seigneurie, F. seigneurie; cf. It. signoria.]

1. The power or authority of a lord; dominion.

O'Neal never had any seigniory over that country but what by encroachment he got upon the English. Spenser.

2. The territory over which a lord holds jurisdiction; a manor. [Written also seigneury, and seignory.]

Seine

Seine (?), n. [F. seine, or AS. segene, bsagena, Gr. (Fishing.) A large net, one edge of which is provided with sinkers, and the other with floats. It hangs vertically in the water, and when its ends are brought together or drawn ashore incloses the fish. Seine boat, a boat specially constructed to carry and pay out a seine.

Seiner

Sein"er (?), n. One who fishes with a seine.

Seining

Sein"ing, n. Fishing with a seine.

Seint

Seint (?), n. [See Cincture.] A girdle. [Obs.] "Girt with a seint of silk." Chaucer.

Seint

Seint, n. A saint. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Seintuary

Sein"tu*a*ry (?), n. Sanctuary. [Obs.]

Seirfish

Seir"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Seerfish.

Seirospore

Sei"ro*spore (?), n. [Gr. spore.] (Bot.) One of several spores arranged in a chain as in certain alg\'91 of the genus Callithamnion.

Seise

Seise (?), v. t. See Seize. Spenser. &hand; This is the common spelling in the law phrase to be seised of (an estate).

Seisin

Sei"sin (?), n. See Seizin. Spenser.

Seismic, Seismal

Seis"mic (?), Seis"mal (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to an earthquake; caused by an earthquake. Seismic vertical, the point upon the earth's surface vertically over the center of effort or focal point whence the earthquake's impulse proceeds, or the vertical line connecting these two points.

Seismograph

Seis"mo*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] (Physics) An apparatus for registering the shocks and undulatory motions of earthquakes.

Seismographic

Seis`mo*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a seismograph; indicated by a seismograph.

Seismography

Seis*mog"ra*phy (?), n.

1. A writing about, or a description of, earthquakes.

2. The art of registering the shocks and undulatory movements of earthquakes.

Seismological

Seis`mo*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to seismology. -- Seis`mo*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

Seismology

Seis*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science of earthquakes.

Seismometer

Seis*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the direction, duration, and force of earthquakes and like concussions.

Seismometric

Seis`mo*met"ric (?), a. Of or pertaining to seismometry, or seismometer; as, seismometric instruments; seismometric measurements.

Seismometry

Seis*mom"e*try (?), n. The mensuration of such phenomena of earthquakes as can be expressed in numbers, or by their relation to the co\'94rdinates of space.

Seismoscope

Seis"mo*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Physics) A seismometer.

Seity

Se"i*ty (?), n. [L. se one's self.] Something peculiar to one's self. [R.] Tatler.

Seizable

Seiz"a*ble (?), a. That may be seized.

Seize

Seize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seizing.] [OE. seisen, saisen, OF. seisir, saisir, F. saisir, of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. set. The meaning is properly, to set, put, place, hence, to put in possession of. See Set, v. t.]

1. To fall or rush upon suddenly and lay hold of; to gripe or grasp suddenly; to reach and grasp.

For by no means the high bank he could seize. Spenser.
Seek you to seize and gripe into your hands The royalties and rights of banished Hereford? Shak.

Page 1305

2. To take possession of by force.

At last they seize The scepter, and regard not David's sons. Milton.

3. To invade suddenly; to take sudden hold of; to come upon suddenly; as, a fever seizes a patient.

Hope and deubt alternate seize her seul. Pope.

4. (law) To take possession of by virtue of a warrant or other legal authority; as, the sheriff seized the debtor's goods.

5. To fasten; to fix. [Obs.]

As when a bear hath seized her cruel claws Upon the carcass of some beast too weak. Spenser.

6. To grap with the mind; to comprehend fully and distinctly; as, to seize an idea.

7. (Naut.) To bind or fasten together with a lashing of small stuff, as yarn or marline; as, to seize ropes. &hand; This word, by writers on law, is commonly written seise, in the phrase to be seised of (an estate), as also, in composition, disseise, disseisin. To be seized of, to have possession, or right of possession; as, A B was seized and possessed of the manor of Dale. "Whom age might see seized of what youth made prize." Chapman. -- To seize on ∨ upon, to fall on and grasp; to take hold on; to take possession of suddenly and forcibly. Syn. -- To catch; grasp; clutch; snatch; apprehend; arrest; take; capture.

Seizer

Seiz"er (?), n. One who, or that which, seizes.

Seizin

Sei"zin (?), n. [F. saisine. See Seize.]

1. (Law) Possession; possession of an estate of froehold. It may be either in deed or in law; the former when there is actual possession, the latter when there is a right to such possession by construction of law. In some of the United States seizin means merely ownership. Burrill.

2. The act of taking possession. [Obs.]

3. The thing possessed; property. Sir M. Halle. &hand; Commonly spelt by writers on law seisin. Livery of seizin. (Eng. Law) See Note under Livery, 1.

Seizing

Seiz"ing (?), n.

1. The act of taking or grasping suddenly.

2. (Naut.) (a) The operation of fastening together or lashing. (b) The cord or lashing used for such fastening.

Seizor

Sei"zor (?), n. (Law) One who seizes, or takes possession.

Seizure

Sei"zure (?), n.

1. The act of seizing, or the state of being seized; sudden and violent grasp or gripe; a taking into possession; as, the seizure of a thief, a property, a throne, etc.

2. Retention within one's grasp or power; hold; possession; ownership.

Make o'er thy honor by a deed of trust, And give me seizure of the mighty wealth. Dryden.

3. That which is seized, or taken possession of; a thing laid hold of, or possessed.

Sejant, Sejeant

Se"jant, Se"jeant (?), a. [F. s\'82ant, p. pr. of seoir to sit, L. sedere.] (Her.) Sitting, as a lion or other beast. Sejant rampant, sitting with the forefeet lifted up. Wright.

Sejein

Se*jein" (?), v. t. [L. sejungere; pref. se- aside + jungere to join. See Join.] To separate. [Obs.]

Sejunction

Se*junc"tion (?), n. [L. sejunctio. See Sejoin.] The act of disjoining, or the state of being disjoined. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.

Sejungible

Se*jun"gi*ble (?), a. [See Sejoin.] Capable of being disjoined. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.

Seke

Seke (?), a. Sick. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Seke

Seke (?), v. t. & i. To seek. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sekes

Se"kes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Arch.) A place in a pagan temple in which the images of the deities were inclosed.

Selachian

Se*la"chi*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Selachii. See Illustration in Appendix.

Selachii

Se*la"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of elasmobranchs including the sharks and rays; the Plagiostomi. Called also Selacha, Selache, and Selachoidei.

Selachoidei

Sel`a*choi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Selachii, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Selachii.

Selachostomi

Sel`a*chos"to*mi (?), n. pl. [NL. See Selachii, and Stoma.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of ganoid fishes which includes the paddlefish, in which the mouth is armed with small teeth.

Selaginella

Sel`a*gi*nel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. selago, -inis, a kind of plant.] (Bot.) A genus of cryptogamous plants resembling Lycopodia, but producing two kinds of spores; also, any plant of this genus. Many species are cultivated in conservatories.

Selah

Se"lah (?), n. [Heb. sel\'beh.] (Script.) A word of doubtful meaning, occuring frequently in the Psalms; by some, supposed to signify silence or a pause in the musical performance of the song.
Beyond the fact that Selach is a musical term, we know absolutely nothing about it. Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.)

Selcouth

Sel"couth (?), n. [AS. selc, seldc; seld rare + c known. See Uncouth.] Rarely known; unusual; strange. [Obs.]
[She] wondered much at his so selcouth case. Spenser.

Seld

Seld (?), a. [See Seldom.] Rare; uncommon; unusual. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Seld

Seld, adv. Rarely; seldom. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Selden

Sel"den (?), adv. Seldom. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Seldem

Sel"dem (?), adv. [Usually, compar. More seldom (; superl. Most seldom (; but sometimes also, Seldomer (, Seldomest.] [AS. seldan, seldon, seldum, fr. seld rare; akin to OFries. sielden, D. zelden, G. selten, OHG. seltan, Icel. sjaldan, Dan. sielden, Sw. s\'84llan, Goth. sildaleiks marvelous.] Rarely; not often; not frequently.
Wisdom and youth are seldom joined in one. Hooker.

Seldom

Sel"dom (?), a. Rare; infrequent. [Archaic.] "A suppressed and seldom anger." Jer. Taylor.

Seldomness

Sel"dom*ness, n. Rareness. Hooker.

Seldseen

Seld"seen` (?), a. [AS. seldsiene.] Seldom seen. [Obs.] Drayton.

Seldshewn

Seld"shewn` (?), a. [Seld + shown.] Rarely shown or exhibited. [Obs.] Shak.

Select

Se*lect" (?), a. [L. selectus, p. p. of seligere to select; pref. se- aside + levere to gather. See Legend.] Taken from a number by preferance; picked out as more valuable or exellent than others; of special value or exellence; nicely chosen; selected; choice.
A few select spirits had separated from the crowd, and formed a fit audience round a far greater teacher. Macaulay.

Select

Se*lect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Selected; p. pr. & vb. n. Selecting.] To choose and take from a number; to take by preference from among others; to pick out; to cull; as, to select the best authors for perusal. "One peculiar nation to select." Milton.
The pious chief . . . A hundred youths from all his train selects. Dryden.

Selectedly

Se*lect"ed*ly, adv. With care and selection. [R.]

Selection

Se*lec"tion (?), n. [L. selectio: cf. F. s\'82lection.] . The act of selecting, or the state of being selected; choice, by preference.

2. That which is selected; a collection of things chosen; as, a choice selection of books. Natural selection. (Biol.) See under Natural.

Selective

Se*lect"ive (?), a. Selecting; tending to select.
This selective providence of the Almighty. Bp. Hall.

Selectman

Se*lect"man (?), n.; pl. Selectmen (. One of a board of town officers chosen annually in the New England States to transact the general public business of the town, and have a kind of executive authority. The number is usually from three to seven in each town.
The system of delegated town action was then, perhaps, the same which was defined in an "order made in 1635 by the inhabitants of Charlestown at a full meeting for the government of the town, by selectmen;" the name presently extended throughout New England to municipal governors. Palfrey.

Selectness

Se*lect"ness, n. The quality or state of being select.

Selector

Se*lect"or (?), n. [L.] One who selects.

Selenate

Sel"e*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of selenic acid; -- formerly called also seleniate.

Selenhydric

Sel`en*hy"dric (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen selenide, H2Se, regarded as an acid analogous to sulphydric acid.

Selenic

Se*len"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82l\'82nique.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to selenium; derived from, or containing, selenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence as contrasted with selenious compounds.

Selenide

Sel"e*nide (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of selenium, or a compound regarded as binary; as, ethyl selenide.

Seleniferous

Sel`e*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Selenium + -ferous. ] Containing, or impregnated with, selenium; as, seleniferous pyrites.

Selenio-

Se*le"ni*o- (. (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting the presence of selenium or its compounds; as, selenio-phosphate, a phosphate having selenium in place of all, or a part, of the oxygen.

Selenious

Se*le"ni*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82l\'82nieux.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, selenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with selenic compounds.

Selenite

Sel"e*nite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of selenious acid.

Selenite

Sel"e*nite, n. [L. selenites, Gr. (Min.) A variety of gypsum, occuring in transparent crystals or crystalline masses.

Selenitic, Selenitical

Sel`e*nit"ic (?), Sel`e*nit"ic*al (?), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to selenite; resembling or containing selenite.

Selenium

Se*le"ni*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. tellurium (from L. tellus the earth), being, as it were, a companion to it.] (Chem.) A nonmetallic element of the sulphur group, and analogous to sulphur in its compounds. It is found in small quantities with sulphur and some sulphur ores, and obtained in the free state as a dark reddish powder or crystalline mass, or as a dark metallic-looking substance. It exhibits under the action of light a remarkable variation in electric conductivity, and is used in certain electric apparatus. Symbol Se. Atomic weight 78.9.

Seleniuret

Sel`e*ni"u*ret (?), n. (CHem.) A selenide. [Obs.]

Seleniureted

Sel`e*ni"u*ret`ed (?), a. (Chem.) Combined with selenium as in a selenide; as, seleniureted hydrogen. [Written also seleniuretted.] [Obsoles.]

Selenecentric

Se*le`ne*cen"tric (?), a. [Gr. centric.] (Astron.) As seen or estimated from the center of the moon; with the moon central.

Selenograph

Se*le"no*graph (?), n. A picture or delineation of the moon's surface, or of any part of it.

Selenographer

Sel`e*nog"ra*pher (?), n. One skilled in selenography. Wright.

Selenographic, Selenographical

Sel`e*no*graph"ic (?), Sel`e*no*graph"i*cal (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82l\'82nographique.] Of or pertaining to selenography.

Selenographist

Sel`e*nog"ra*phist (?), n. A selenographer.

Selenography

Sel`e*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] The science that treats of the physical features of the moon; -- corresponding to physical geography in respect to the earth. "Accurate selenography, or description of the moon." Sir T. Browne.

Selenonium

Sel`e*no"ni*um (?), n. [Selenium + sulphonium.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical of selenium, analogous to sulphonium. [R.]

Selenology

Sel`e*nol"o*gy, n. [Gr.-logy.] That branch of astronomy which treats of the moon. -- Sel`e*no*log"i*cal (#), a.

Self

Self (?), a. [AS. self, seolf, sylf; akin to OS. self, OFries. self, D. zelf, G. selb, selber, selbst, Dan. selv. Sw. sjelf, Icel. sj\'belfr, Goth. silba. Cf. Selavage.] Same; particular; very; identical. [Obs., except in the compound selfsame.] "On these self hills." Sir. W. Raleigh.
To shoot another arrow that self way Which you did shoot the first. Shak.
At that self moment enters Palamon. Dryden.

Self

Self, n.; pl. Selves (.

1. The individual as the object of his own reflective consciousness; the man viewed by his own cognition as the subject of all his mental phenomena, the agent in his own activities, the subject of his own feelings, and the possessor of capacities and character; a person as a distinct individual; a being regarded as having personality. "Those who liked their real selves." Addison.

A man's self may be the worst fellow to converse with in the world. Pope.
The self, the I, is recognized in every act of intelligence as the subject to which that act belongs. It is I that perceive, I that imagine, I that remember, I that attend, I that compare, I that feel, I that will, I that am conscious. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. Hence, personal interest, or love of private interest; selfishness; as, self is his whole aim.

3. Personification; embodiment. [Poetic.]

She was beauty's self. Thomson.
&hand; Self is united to certain personal pronouns and pronominal adjectives to express emphasis or distinction. Thus, for emphasis; I myself will write; I will examine for myself; thou thyself shalt go; thou shalt see for thyself; you yourself shall write; you shall see for yourself; he himself shall write; he shall examine for himself; she herself shall write; she shall examine for herself; the child itself shall be carried; it shall be present itself. It is also used reflexively; as, I abhor myself; thou enrichest thyself; he loves himself; she admires herself; it pleases itself; we walue ourselves; ye hurry yourselves; they see themselves. Himself, herself, themselves, are used in the nominative case, as well as in the objective. "Jesus himself baptized not, but his disciples." John iv. 2. &hand; Self is used in the formation of innumerable compounds, usually of obvious signification, in most of which it denotes either the agent or the object of the action expressed by the word with which it is joined, or the person in behalf of whom it is performed, or the person or thing to, for, or towards whom or which a quality, attribute, or feeling expressed by the following word belongs, is directed, or is exerted, or from which it proceeds; or it denotes the subject of, or object affected by, such action, quality, attribute, feeling, or the like; as, self-abandoning, self-abnegation, self-abhorring, self-absorbed, self-accusing, self-adjusting, self-balanced, self-boasting, self-canceled, self-combating, self-commendation, self-condemned, self-conflict, self-conquest, self-constituted, self-consumed, self-contempt, self-controlled, self-deceiving, self-denying, self-destroyed, self-disclosure, self-display, self-dominion, self-doomed, self-elected, self-evolved, self-exalting, self-excusing, self-exile, self-fed, self-fulfillment, self-governed, self-harming, self-helpless, self-humiliation, self-idolized, self-inflicted, self-improvement, self-instruction, self-invited, self-judging, self-justification, self-loathing, self-loving, self-maintenance, self-mastered, self-nourishment, self-perfect, self-perpetuation, self-pleasing, self-praising, self-preserving, self-questioned, self-relying, self-restraining, self-revelation, self-ruined, self-satisfaction, self-support, self-sustained, self-sustaining, self-tormenting, self-troubling, self-trust, self-tuition, self-upbraiding, self-valuing, self-worshiping, and many others.

Self-abased

Self`-a*based" (?), a. Humbled by consciousness of inferiority, unworthiness, guilt, or shame.

Self-abasement

Self`-a*base"ment (?), n.

1. Degradation of one's self by one's own act.

2. Humiliation or abasement proceeding from consciousness of inferiority, guilt, or shame.

Self-abasing

Self`-a*bas"ing, a. Lowering or humbling one's self.

Self-abhorrence

Self`-ab*hor"rence (?), n. Abhorrence of one's self.

Self-abnegation

Self`-ab`ne*ga"tion (?), n. Self-denial; self-renunciation; self-sacrifice.

Self-abuse

Self`-abuse" (?), n.

1. The abuse of one's own self, powers, or faculties.

2. Self-deception; delusion. [Obs.] Shak.

3. Masturbation; onanism; self-pollution.

Self-accused

Self"-ac*cused" (?), a. Accused by one's self or by one's conscience. "Die self-accused." Cowper.

Self-acting

Self`-act"ing (?), a. Acting of or by one's self or by itself; -- said especially of a machine or mechanism which is made to perform of or for itself what is usually done by human agency; automatic; as, a self-acting feed apparatus; a self-acting mule; a self-acting press.

Self-action

Self`-ac"tion (?), n. Action by, or originating in, one's self or itself.

Self-active

Self`-ac"tive (?), a. Acting of one's self or of itself; acting without depending on other agents.

Self-activity

Self`-ac*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being self-active; self-action.

Self-adjusting

Self`-ad*just"ing (?), a. (Mach.) Capable of assuming a desired position or condition with relation to other parts, under varying circumstances, without requiring to be adjusted by hand; -- said of a piece in machinery. Self-adjusting bearing (Shafting), a bearing which is supported in such a manner that it may tip to accomodate flexure or displacement of the shaft.

Self-admiration

Self`-ad`mi*ra"tion (?), n. Admiration of one's self.

Self-affairs

Self`-af*fairs" (?), n. pl. One's own affairs; one's private business. [Obs.] Shak.
Page 1306

Self-affrighted

Self`-af*fright"ed (?), a. Frightened at or by one's self. Shak.

Self-aggrandizement

Self`-ag*gran"dize*ment (?), n. The aggrandizement of one's self.

Self-annihilated

Self`-an*ni"hi*la`ted (?), a. Annihilated by one's self.

Self-annihilation

Self`-an*ni`hi*la"tion (?), n. Annihilation by one's own acts; annihilation of one's desires. Addison.

Self-applause

Self`-ap*plause" (?), n. Applause of one's self.

Self-applying

Self`-ap*ply"ing (?), a. Applying to or by one's self.

Self-approving

Self`-ap*prov"ing (?), a. Approving one's own action or character by one's own judgment.
One self-approving hour whole years outweighs Of stupid starers and of loud huzzas. Pope.

Self-asserting

Self`-as*sert"ing (?), a. asserting one's self, or one's own rights or claims; hence, putting one's self forward in a confident or assuming manner.

Self-assertion

Self`-as*ser"tion (?), n. The act of asserting one's self, or one's own rights or claims; the quality of being self-asserting.

Self-assertive

Self`-as*sert"ive (?), a. Disposed to self-assertion; self-asserting.

Self-assumed

Self`-as*sumed` (?), a. Assumed by one's own act, or without authority.

Self-assured

Self`-as*sured` (?), a. Assured by or of one's self; self-reliant; complacent.

Self-banished

Self`-ban"ished (?), a. Exiled voluntarily.

Self-begetten

Self"-be*get"ten (?), a. Begotten by one's self, or one's own powers.

Self-bern

Self"-bern` (?), a. Born or produced by one's self.

Self-centered, Self-centred

Self`-cen"tered, Self`-cen"tred (?), a. Centered in itself, or in one's self.\'3c-- of people? --\'3e
There hangs the ball of earth and water mixt, Self-centered and unmoved. Dryden.

Self-centering, Self-centring

Self`-cen"ter*ing (?), Self`-cen"tring (?) a. Centering in one's self.

Self-centration

Self`-cen*tra"tion (?), n. The quality or state of being self-centered.

Self-charity

Self`-char"i*ty (?), n. Self-love. [Obs.] Shak.

Self-color

Self"-col`or (?), n. A color not mixed or variegated.

Self-celored

Self`-cel"ored (?), a. Being of a single color; -- applied to flowers, animals, and textile fabrics.

Self-command

Self`-com*mand" (?), n. Control over one's own feelings, temper, etc.; self-control.

Self-commune

Self`-com*mune" (?), n. Self-communion. [R.]

Self-communicative

Self`-com*mu"ni*ca*tive (?), a. Imparting or communicating by its own powers.

Self-communion

Self`-com*mun"ion (?), n. Communion with one's self; thoughts about one's self.

Self-complacency

Self`-com*pla"cen*cy (?), n. The quality of being self-complacent. J. Foster.

Self0complacent

Self`0com*pla"cent (?), a. Satisfied with one's own character, capacity, and doings; self-satisfied.

Self-conceit

Self`-con*ceit" (?), n. Conceit of one's self; an overweening opinion of one's powers or endowments. Syn. -- See Egotism.

Self-conceited

Self`-con*ceit"ed, a. Having an overweening opinion of one's own powers, attainments; vain; conceited. -- Self`-con*ceit"ed*ness, n.

Self-concern

Self`-con*cern" (?), n. Concern for one's self.

Self-condemnation

Self`-con`dem*na"tion (?), n. Condemnation of one's self by one's own judgment.

Self-confidence

Self`-con"fi*dence (?), n. The quality or state of being self-confident; self-reliance.
A feeling of self-confidence which supported and sustained him. Beaconsfield.

Self-confident

Self`-con"fi*dent (?), a. Confident of one's own strength or powers; relying on one's judgment or ability; self-reliant. -- Self`-con"fi*dent*ly, adv.

Self-conjugate

Self`-con"ju*gate (?), a. (Geom.) Having the two things that are conjugate parts of the same figure; as, self-conjugate triangles.

Self-conscious

Self`-con"scious (?), a.

1. Conscious of one's acts or state as belonging to, or originating in, one's self. "My self-conscious worth." Dryden.

2. Conscious of one's self as an object of the observation of others; as, the speaker was too self-conscious.

Self-consciousness

Self`-con"scious*ness, n. The quality or state of being self-conscious.

Self-considering

Self`-con*sid"er*ing (?), a. Considering in one's own mind; deliberating. Pope.

Self-consistency

Self`-con*sist"en*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being self-consistent.

Self-cconsistent

Self`-ccon*sist"ent (?), a. Consistent with one's self or with itself; not deviation from the ordinary standard by which the conduct is guided; logically consistent throughout; having each part consistent with the rest.

Self-consuming

Self`-con*sum"ing (?), a. Consuming one's self or itself.

Self-contained

Self`-con*tained" (?), a.

1. Having self-control; reserved; uncommunicative; wholly engrossed in one's self.

2. (Mach.) Having all the essential working parts connected by a bedplate or framework, or contained in a case, etc., so that mutual relations of the parts do not depend upon fastening outside of the machine itself. Self-contained steam engine. (a) A steam engine having both bearings for the crank shaft attached to the frame of the engine. (b) A steam engine and boiler combined and fastened together; a portable steam engine.

Self-contradiction

Self`-con`tra*dic"tion (?), n. The act of contradicting one's self or itself; repugnancy in conceptions or in terms; a proposition consisting of two members, one of which contradicts the other; as, to be and not to be at the same time is a self-contradiction.

Self-contradictory

Self`-con`tra*dict"o*ry (?), a. Contradicting one's self or itself.

Self-control

Self`-con*trol" (?), n. Control of one's self; restraint exercised over one's self; self-command.

Self-convicted

Self`-con*vict"ed (?), a. Convicted by one's own consciousness, knowledge, avowal, or acts.

Self-conviction

Self`-con*vic"tion (?), n. The act of convicting one's self, or the state of being self-convicted.

Self-created

Self`-cre*at"ed (?), a. Created by one's self; not formed or constituted by another.

Self-culture

Self`-cul"ture (?), n. Culture, training, or education of one's self by one's own efforts.

Self-deceit

Self`-de*ceit" (?), n. The act of deceiving one's self, or the state of being self-deceived; self-deception.

Self-deceived

Self`-de*ceived" (?), a. Deceived or misled respecting one's self by one's own mistake or error.

Self-deception

Self`-de*cep"tion (?), n. Self-deceit.

Self-defence

Self`-de*fence" (?), n. See Self-defense.

Self-defense

Self`-de*fense" (?), n. The act of defending one's own person, property, or reputation. In self-defense (Law), in protection of self, -- it being permitted in law to a party on whom a grave wrong is attempted to resist the wrong, even at the peril of the life of the assailiant. Wharton.

Self-defensive

Self`-de*fen"sive (?), a. Defending, or tending to defend, one's own person, property, or reputation.

Self-degradation

Self`-deg`ra*da"tion (?), n. The act of degrading one's self, or the state of being so degraded.

Self-delation

Self`-de*la"tion (?), n. Accusation of one's self. [R.] Milman.

Self-delusion

Self`-de*lu"sion (?), n. The act of deluding one's self, or the state of being thus deluded.

Self-denial

Self`-de*ni"al (?), n. The denial of one's self; forbearing to gratify one's own desires; self-sacrifice.

Self-denying

Self`-de*ny"ing (?), a. Refusing to gratify one's self; self-sacrificing. -- Self`-de*ny"ing*ly, adv.

Self-dependent

Self`-de*pend"ent (?), a. Dependent on one's self; self-depending; self-reliant.

Self-depending

Self`-de*pend"ing, a. Depending on one's self.

Self-depraved

Self`-de*praved" (?), a. Corrupted or depraved by one's self. Milton.

Self-destroyer

Self`-de*stroy"er (?), n. One who destroys himself; a suicide.

Self-destruction

Self`-de*struc"tion (?), n. The destruction of one's self; self-murder; suicide. Milton.

Self-destructive

Self`-de*struc"tive (?), a. Destroying, or tending to destroy, one's self or itself; rucidal.

Self-determination

Self`-de*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. Determination by one's self; or, determination of one's acts or states without the necessitating force of motives; -- applied to the voluntary or activity.

Self-determining

Self`-de*ter"min*ing (?), a. Capable of self-determination; as, the self-determining power of will.

Self-devised

Self`-de*vised" (?), a. Devised by one's self.

Self-devoted

Self`-de*vot"ed (?), a. Devoted in person, or by one's own will. Hawthorne.

Self-devotement

Self`-de*vote"ment (?), n. Self-devotion. [R.]

Self-devotion

Self`-de*vo"tion (?), n. The act of devoting one's self, or the state of being self-devoted; willingness to sacrifice one's own advantage or happiness for the sake of others; self-sacrifice.

Self-devouring

Self`-de*vour"ing (?), a. Devouring one's self or itself. Danham.

Self-diffusive

Self`-dif*fu"sive (?), a. Having power to diffuse itself; diffusing itself. Norris.

Self-discipline

Self`-dis"ci*pline (?), n. Correction or government of one's self for the sake of improvement.

Self-distrust

Self`-dis*trust" (?), n. Want of confidence in one' self; diffidence.

Self-educated

Self`-ed"u*ca`ted (?), a. Educated by one's own efforts, without instruction, or without pecuniary assistance from others.

Self-elective

Self`-e*lect"ive (?), a. Having the right of electing one's self, or, as a body, of electing its own members.

Self-enjoyment

Self`-en*joy"ment, (?) n. Enjoyment of one's self; self-satisfaction.

Self-esteem

Self`-es*teem" (?), n. The holding a good opinion of one's self; self-complacency.

Self-estimation

Self`-es`ti*ma"tion (?), n. The act of estimating one's self; self-esteem.

Self-evidence

Self`-ev"i*dence (?), n. The quality or state of being self-evident. Locke.

Self-evident

Self`-ev"i*dent (?), a. Evident without proof or reasoning; producing certainty or conviction upon a bare presentation to the mind; as, a self-evident proposition or truth. -- Self`-ev"i*dent*ly, adv.

Self-evolution

Self`-ev`o*lu"tion (?), n. Evolution of one's self; development by inherent quality or power.

Self-exaltation

Self`-ex`al*ta"tion (?), n. The act of exalting one's self, or the state of being so exalted.

Self-examinant

Self`-ex*am"i*nant (?), n. One who examines himself; one given to self-examination.
The humiliated self-examinant feels that there is evil in our nature as well as good. Coleridge.

Self-examination

Self`-ex*am`i*na"tion (?), n. An examination into one's own state, conduct, and motives, particularly in regard to religious feelings and duties.

Self-existence

Self`-ex*ist"ence (?), n. Inherent existence; existence possessed by virtue of a being's own nature, and independent of any other being or cause; -- an attribute peculiar to God. Blackmore.

Self-existent

Self`-ex*ist"ent (?), a. Existing of or by himself,independent of any other being or cause; -- as, God is the only self-existent being.

self-explaining

self`-ex*plain"ing (?), a. Explaining itself; capable of being understood without explanation.

Self-exposure

Self`-ex*po"sure (?), n. The act of exposing one's self; the state of being so exposed.

Self-fertilization

Self`-fer`ti*li*za"tion (?), n. (Bot.) The fertilization of a flower by pollen from the same flower and without outer aid; autogamy.

Self-fertilized

Self`-fer"ti*lized (?), a. (Bot.) Fertilized by pollen from the same flower.

Self-glorious

Self`-glo"ri*ous (?), a. Springing from vainglory or vanity; vain; boastful. Dryden.

Self-government

Self`-gov"ern*ment (?), n.

1. The act of governing one's self, or the state of being governed by one's self; self-control; self-command.

2. Hence, government of a community, state, or nation by the joint action of the mass of people constituting such a civil body; also, the state of being so governed; democratic government; democracy.

It is to self-government, the great principle of popular representation and administration, -- the system that lets in all to participate in the councels that are to assign the good or evil to all, -- that we may owe what we are and what we hope to be. D. Webster.

Self-gratulation

Self`-grat`u*la"tion (?), n. Gratulation of one's self.

Self-heal

Self`-heal" (?), n. (Bot.) A blue-flowered labiate plant (Brunella vulgaris); the healall.

Self-healing

Self`-heal"ing (?), a. Having the power or property of healing itself.

Self-help

Self`-help" (?), n. The act of aiding one's self, without depending on the aid of others.

Self-homicide

Self`-hom"i*cide (?), n. The act of killing one's self; suicide. Hakewill.

Selfhood

Self"hood (?), n. Existence as a separate self, or independent person; conscious personality; individuality. Bib. Sacra.

Self-ignorance

Self`-ig"no*rance (?), n. Ignorance of one's own character, powers, and limitations.

Self-ignorant

Self`-ig"no*rant (?), a. Ignorant of one's self.

Self-imparting

Self`-im*part"ing (?), a. Imparting by one's own, or by its own, powers and will. Norris.

Self-importance

Self`-im*por"tance (?), n. An exaggerated estimate of one's own importance or merit, esp. as manifested by the conduct or manners; self-conceit.

Self-important

Self`-im*por"tant (?), a. Having or manifesting an exaggerated idea of one's own importance or merit.

Self-imposed

Self`-im*posed" (?), a. Voluntarily taken on one's self; as, self-imposed tasks.

Self-imposture

Self`-im*pos"ture (?), n. Imposture practiced on one's self; self-deceit. South.

Self-indignation

Self`-in`dig*na"tion (?), n. Indignation at one's own character or actions. Baxter.

Self-indulgence

Self`-in*dul"gence (?), n. Indulgence of one's appetites, desires, or inclinations; -- the opposite of self-restraint, and self-denial.

Self-indulgent

Self`-in*dul"gent (?), a. Indulging one's appetites, desires, etc., freely.

Self-interest

Self`-in"ter*est (?), n. Private interest; the interest or advantage of one's self.

Self-interested

Self`-in"ter*est*ed, a. Particularly concerned for one's own interest or happiness.

Self-involution

Self`-in`vo*lu"tion (?), n. Involution in one's self; hence, abstraction of thought; reverie.

Selfish

Self"ish (?), a.

1. Caring supremely or unduly for one's self; regarding one's own comfort, advantage, etc., in disregard, or at the expense, of those of others.

They judge of things according to their own private appetites and selfish passions. Cudworth.
In that throng of selfish hearts untrue. Keble.

2. (Ethics) Believing or teaching that the chief motives of human action are derived from love of self.

Hobbes and the selfish school of philosophers. Fleming.

Selfishly

Self"ish*ly, adv. In a selfish manner; with regard to private interest only or chiefly.

Selfishness

Self"ish*ness, n. The quality or state of being selfish; exclusive regard to one's own interest or happiness; that supreme self-love or self-preference which leads a person to direct his purposes to the advancement of his own interest, power, or happiness, without regarding those of others.
Selfishness,- a vice utterly at variance with the happiness of him who harbors it, and, as such, condemned by self-love. Sir J. Mackintosh.
Syn. -- See Self-love.

Selfism

Self"ism (?), n. Concentration of one's interests on one's self; self-love; selfishness. Emerson.

Selfist

Self"ist, n. A selfish person. [R.] I. Taylor.

Self-justifier

Self`-jus"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who excuses or justifies himself. J. M. Mason.

Self-kindled

Self`-kin"dled (?), a. Kindled of itself, or without extraneous aid or power. Dryden.

Self-knowing

Self`-know"ing (?), a.

1. Knowing one's self, or one's own character, powers, and limitations.

2. Knowing of itself, without help from another.

Self-knowledge

Self`-knowl"edge (?), n. Knowledge of one's self, or of one's own character, powers, limitations, etc.

Selfless

Self"less, a. Having no regard to self; unselfish.
Lo now, what hearts have men! they never mount As high as woman in her selfless mood. Tennyson.

Selflessness

Self"less*ness, n. Quality or state of being selfless.

Self-life

Self"-life` (?), n. Life for one's self; living solely or chiefly for one's own pleasure or good.

Self-love

Self`-love` (?), n. The love of one's self; desire of personal happiness; tendency to seek one's own benefit or advantage. Shak.
Self-love, the spring of motion, acts the soul. Pope.
Syn. -- Selfishness. -- Self-love, Selfishness. The term self-love is used in a twofold sense: 1. It denotes that longing for good or for well-being which actuates the breasts of all, entering into and characterizing every special desire. In this sense it has no moral quality, being, from the nature of the case, neither good nor evil. 2. It is applied to a voluntary regard for the gratification of special desires. In this sense it is morally good or bad according as these desires are conformed to duty or opposed to it. Selfishness is always voluntary and always wrong, being that regard to our own interests, gratification, etc., which is sought or indulged at the expense, and to the injury, of others. "So long as self-love does not degenerate into selfishness, it is quite compatible with true benevolence." Fleming. "Not only is the phrase self-love used as synonymous with the desire of happiness, but it is often confounded with the word selfishness, which certainly, in strict propriety, denotes a very different disposition of mind." Slewart.

Self-luminous

Self`-lu"mi*nous (?), a. Possessing in itself the property of emitting light. Sir D. Brewster.
Page 1307

Self-made

Self"-made` (?), a. Made by one's self. Self-made man, a man who has risen from poverty or obscurity by means of his own talentss or energies.

Self-mettle

Self"-met`tle (?), n Inborn mettle or courage; one's own temper. [Obs.] Shak.

Self-motion

Self`-mo"tion (?), n. Motion given by inherent power, without external impulse; spontaneus or voluntary motion.
Matter is not induced with self-motion. Cheyne.

Self-moved

Self`-moved" (?), a. Moved by inherent power., without the aid of external impulse.

Self-moving

Self`-mov"ing (?), a. Moving by inherent power, without the aid of external impulse.

Self-murder

Self`-mur"der (?), a. Suicide.

Self-murderer

Self`-mur"der*er (?), n. A suicide.

Self-neglecting

Self`-neg*lect"ing (?), n. A neglecting of one's self, or of one's own interests.
Self-love, my liege, is not so vile a sin As self-neglecting. Shak.

Selfness

Self"ness, n. Selfishness. [Obs.] Sir. P. Sidney.

Self-one

Self`-one" (?), a. Secret. [Obs.] Marston.

Self-opinion

Self`-o*pin"ion (?), n. Opinion, especially high opinion, of one's self; an overweening estimate of one's self or of one's own opinion. Collier.

Self-opinioned

Self`-o*pin"ioned (?), a. Having a high opinion of one's self; opinionated; conceited. South.

Self-opininating

Self`-o*pin"i*na`ting (?), a. Beginning wwith, or springing from, one's self.

Self-partiality

Self`-par`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. That partiality to himself by which a man overrates his own worth when compared with others. Kames.

Self-perplexed

Self`-per*plexed" (?), a. Perplexed by doubts originating in one's own mind.

Self-posited

Self`-pos"it*ed (?), a. Disposed or arranged by an action originating in one's self or in itself.
These molecular blocks of salt are self-posited. Tyndall.

Self-positing

Self`-pos"it*ing, a. The act of disposing or arranging one's self or itself.
The self-positing of the molecules. R. Watts.

Self-possessed

Self"-pos*sessed" (?), a. Composed or tranquill in mind, manner, etc.; undisturbed.

Self-possession

Self`-pos*ses"sion (?), n. The possession of one's powers; calmness; self-command; presence of mind; composure.

Self-praise

Self"-praise` (?), n. Praise of one's self.

Self-preservation

Self`-pres`er*va"tion (?), n. The preservation of one's self from destruction or injury.

Self-propagating

Self`-prop"a*ga`ting (?), a. Propagating by one's self or by itself.

Self-registering

Self`-reg"is*ter*ing (?), a. Registering itself; -- said of any instrument so contrived as to record its own indications of phenomena, whether continuously or at stated times, as at the maxima and minima of variations; as, a self-registering anemometer or barometer.

Self-regulated

Self`-reg"u*la`ted (?), a. Regulated by one's self or by itself.

Self-regulative

Self`-reg"u*la*tive (?), a. Tending or serving to regulate one's self or itself. Whewell.

Self-reliance

Self`-re*li"ance (?), n. Reliance on one's own powers or judgment; self-trust.

Self-reliant

Self`-re*li"ant (?), a. Reliant upon one's self; trusting to one's own powers or judgment.

Self-renunciation

Self`-re*nun`ci*a"tion (?), n. The act of renouncing, or setting aside, one's own wishes, claims, etc.; self-sacrifice.

Self-repellency

Self`-re*pel"len*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being self-repelling.

Self-repelling

Self`-re*pel"ling, ( a. Made up of parts, as molecules or atoms, which mutually repel each other; as, gases are self-repelling. <-- gases aren't self-repelling! Like charges are. -->

Self-repetition

Self`-rep`e*ti"tion (?), n. Repetition of one's self or of one's acts; the saying or doing what one has already said or done.

Self-reproach

Self`-re*proach" (?), n. The act of reproaching one's self; censure by one's own conscience.

Self-reproached

Self`-re*proached" (?), a. Reproached by one's own conscience or judgment.

Self-reproaching

Self`-re*proach"ing (?), a. Reproaching one's self. -- Self`-re*proach"ing*ly, adv.

Self-reproof

Self`-re*proof" (?), n. The act of reproving one's self; censure of one's conduct by one's own judgment.

Self-reproved

Self`-re*proved" (?), a. Reproved by one's own conscience or one's own sense of guilt.

Self-reproving

Self`-re*prov"ing (?), a. Reproving one's self; reproving by consciousness of guilt.

Self-reprovingly

Self`-re*prov"ing*ly, adv. In a self-reproving way.

Self-repugnant

Self`-re*pug"nant (?), a. Self-contradictory; inconsistent. Brougham.

Self-repulsive

Self`-re*pul"sive (?), a. Self-repelling.

Self-respect

Self`-re*spect" (?), n. Respect for one's self; regard for one's character; laudable self-esteem.

Self-restrained

Self`-re*strained" (?), a. Restrained by one's self or itself; restrained by one's own power or will.

Self-restraint

Self`-re*straint" (?), n. Restraint over one's self; self-control; self-command.

Self-reverence

Self`-rev"er*ence (?), n. A reverent respect for one's self. Tennyson.

Self-righteous

Self`-right"eous (?), a. Righteous in one's own esteem; pharisaic.

Self-righteousness

Self`-right"eous*ness, n. The quality or state of being self-righteous; pharisaism.

Self-sacrifice

Self`-sac"ri*fice (?), n. The act of sacrificing one's self, or one's interest, for others; self-devotion.

Self-sacrificing

Self`-sac"ri*fi`cing (?), a. Yielding up one's own interest, ffeelings, etc; sacrificing one's self.

Selfsame

Self"same (?), a. [Self, a. + same.] Precisely the same; the very same; identical.
His servant was healed in the selfsame hour. Matt. viii. 13.

Self-satisfaction

Self`-sat`is*fac"tion (?), n. The quality or state of being self-satisfied.

Self-satisfied

Self`-sat"is*fied (?), a. Satisfied with one's self or one's actions; self-complacent.

Self-satisfying

Self`-sat"is*fy`ing (?), a. Giving satisfaction to one's self.

Self-seeker

Self"-seek`er, n. One who seeks only his own interest, advantage, or pleasure.

Self-seeking

Self"-seek`ing, a. Seeking one's own interest or happiness; selfish. Arbuthnot.

Self-seeking

Self"-seek`ing, n. The act or habit of seeking one's own interest or happiness; selfishness.

Self-slaughter

Self`-slaugh"ter (?), n. Suicide. Shak.

Self-sufficiency

Self`-suf*fi"cien*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being self-sufficient.

Self-sufficient

Self`-suf*fi"cient (?), a.

1. Sufficient for one's self without external aid or co\'94peration.

Neglect of friends can never be proved rational till we prove the person using it omnipotent and self-sufficient, and such as can never need any mortal assistance. South.

2. Having an overweening confidence in one's own abilities or worth; hence, haughty; overbearing. "A rash and self-sufficient manner." I. Watts.

Self-sufficing

Self`-suf*fi"cing (?), a. Sufficing for one's self or for itself, without needing external aid; self-sufficient. -- Self`-suf*fi"cing*ness, n. J. C. Shairp.

Self-suspended

Self`-sus*pend"ed (?), a. Suspended by one's self or by itself; balanced. Southey.

Self-suspicious

Self`-sus*pi"cious (?), a. Suspicious or distrustful of one's self. Baxter.

Self-taught

Self"-taught` (?), a. Taught by one's own efforts.

Self-tormentor

Self`-tor*ment"or (?), n. One who torments himself.

Self-torture

Self`-tor"ture (?), n. The act of inflicting pain on one's self; pain inflicted on one's self.

Self-trust

Self"-trust`, n. Faith in one's self; self-reliance.

Self-uned

Self`-uned" (?), a. [E. self + L. unus one.] One with itself; separate from others. [Obs.] Sylvester.

Self-view

Self"-view` (?), n. A view if one's self; specifically, carefulness or regard for one's own interests

Self-will

Self`-will" (?), n. [AS. selfwill.] One's own will, esp. when opposed to that of others; obstinacy.

Self-willed

Self`-willed" (?), a. Governed by one's own will; not yielding to the wishes of others; obstinate.

Self-willedness

Self`-willed"ness, n. Obstinacy. Sir W. Scott.

Self-worship

Self"-wor`ship (?), n. The idolizing of one's self; immoderate self-conceit.

Self-wrong

Self"-wrong` (?), n. Wrong done by a person himself. Shak.

Selion

Sel"ion (?), n. [OF. seillon a measure of land, F. sillon a ridge, furrow, LL. selio a measure of land.] A short piece of land in arable ridges and furrows, of uncertain quantity; also, a ridge of land lying between two furrows. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Seljukian

Sel*juk"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Seljuk, a Tartar chief who embraced Mohammedanism, and began the subjection of Western Asia to that faith and rule; of or pertaining to the dynasty founded by him, or the empire maintained by his descendants from the 10th to the 13th century. J. H. Newman.

Seljuckian

Sel*juck"i*an, n. A member of the family of Seljuk; an adherent of that family, or subject of its government; (pl.) the dynasty of Turkish sultans sprung from Seljuk.

Sell

Sell (?), n. Self. [Obs. or Scot.] B. Jonson.

Sell

Sell, n. A sill. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sell

Sell, n. A cell; a house. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sell

Sell, n. [F. selle, L. sella, akin to sedere to sit. See Sit.]

1. A saddle for a horse. [Obs.]

He left his lofty steed with golden self. Spenser.

2. A throne or lofty seat. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Sell

Sell, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sold (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Selling.] [OE. sellen, sillen, AS. sellan, syllan, to give, to deliver; akin to OS. sellian, OFries. sella, OHG. sellen, Icel. selja to hand over, to sell, Sw. s\'84lja to sell, Dan. s, Goth. saljan to offer a sacrifice; all from a noun akin to E. sale. Cf. Sale.]

1. To transfer to another for an equivalent; to give up for a valuable consideration; to dispose of in return for something, especially for money.

If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell that thou hast, and give to the poor. Matt. xix. 21.
I am changed; I'll go sell all my land. Shak.
&hand; Sell is corellative to buy, as one party buys what the other sells. It is distinguished usually from exchange or barter, in which one commodity is given for another; whereas in selling the consideration is usually money, or its representative in current notes.

2. To make a matter of bargain and sale of; to accept a price or reward for, as for a breach of duty, trust, or the like; to betray.

You would have sold your king to slaughter. Shak.

3. To impose upon; to trick; to deceive; to make a fool of; to cheat. [Slang] Dickens. To sell one's life dearly, to cause much loss to those who take one's life, as by killing a number of one's assailants. -- To sell (anything) out, to dispose of it wholly or entirely; as, he had sold out his corn, or his interest in a business.

Sell

Sell, v. i.

1. To practice selling commodities.

I will buy with you, sell with you; . . . but I will not eat with you. Shak.

2. To be sold; as, corn sells at a good price. To sell out, to sell one's whole stockk in trade or one's entire interest in a property or a business.

Sell

Sell, n. An imposition; a cheat; a hoax. [Colloq.]

Sellanders, Sellenders

Sel"lan*ders (?), Sel"len*ders (?), n. pl. (Far.) See Sallenders.

Seller

Sell"er (?), n. One who sells. Chaucer.

Selters water

Sel"ters wa"ter (?). A mineral water from Sellers, in the district of Nassan, Germany, containing much free carbonic acid.

Seltzer water

Selt"zer wa"ter (?). See Selters water.

Seltzo-gene

Selt"zo-gene (?), n. [Seltzer water + the root of Gr. A gazogene.

Selvage, Selvedge

Sel"vage, Sel"vedge (?), n. [Self + edge, i. e., its own proper edge; cf. OD. selfegge.]

1. The edge of cloth which is woven in such a manner as to prevent raveling.

2. The edge plate of a lock, through which the bolt passes. Knight.

3. (Mining.) A layer of clay or decomposed rock along the wall of a vein. See Gouge, n., 4. Raymond.

Selvaged, Selvedged

Sel"vaged, Sel"vedged (?), a. Having a selvage.

Selvagee

Sel`va*gee" (?), n. (Naut.) A skein or hank of rope yarns wound round with yarns or marline, -- used for stoppers, straps, etc.

Selve

Selve (?), a. Self; same. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Selves

Selves (?), n., pl. of Self.

Sely

Se"ly (?), a. Silly. [Obs.] Chaucer. Wyclif.

Sem\'91ostomata

Se*m\'91`o*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Discophora having large free mouth lobes. It includes Aurelia, and Pelagia. Called also Semeostoma. See Illustr. under Discophora, and Medusa.

Semaphore

Sem"a*phore (?), n. [Gr. s\'82maphore.] A signal telegraph; an apparatus for giving signals by the disposition of lanterns, flags, oscillating arms, etc.

Semaphoric, Semaphorical

Sem`a*phor"ic (?), Sem`a*phor"ic*al (?) a. [Cf. F. s\'82maphorique.] Of or pertaining to a semaphore, or semaphores; telegraphic.

Semaphorically

Sem`a*phor"ic*al*ly, adv. By means a semaphore.

Semaphorist

Se*maph"o*rist (?), n. One who manages or operates a semaphore.

Sematology

Sem`a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The doctrine of signs as the expression of thought or reasoning; the science of indicating thought by signs. Smart.

Sematrope

Sem"a*trope (?), n. [Gr. An instrument for signaling by reflecting the rays of the sun in different directions. Knight.

Semblable

Sem"bla*ble (?), a. [F., from sembler to seem, resemble, L. similare, simulare. See Simulate.] Like; similar; resembling. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Semblable

Sem"bla*ble, n. Likeness; representation. [Obs.]

Semblably

Sem"bla*bly, adv. In like manner. [Obs.] Shak.

Semblance

Sem"blance (?), n. [F. See Semblable, a.]

1. Seeming; appearance; show; figure; form.

Thier semblance kind, and mild their gestures were. Fairfax.

2. Likeness; resemblance, actual or apparent; similitude; as, the semblance of worth; semblance of virtue.

Only semblances or imitations of shells. Woodward.

Semblant

Sem"blant (?), a. [F. semblant, p. pr.]

1. Like; resembling. [Obs.] Prior.

2. Seeming, rather than real; apparent. [R.] Carlyle.

Semblant

Sem"blant, n. [F.]

1. Show; appearance; figure; semblance. [Obs.] Spenser.

His flatterers made semblant of weeping. Chaucer.

2. The face. [Obs.] Wyclif (Luke xxiv. 5).

Semblative

Sem"bla*tive (?), a. Resembling. [Obs.]
And all is semblative a woman's part. Shak.

Semble

Sem"ble (?), v. i. [F. sembler. See Semblable, a.]

1. To imitate; to make a representation or likeness. [Obs.]

Where sembling art may carve the fair effect. Prior.

2. (Law) It seems; -- chiefly used impersonally in reports and judgments to express an opinion in reference to the law on some point not necessary to be decided, and not intended to be definitely settled in the cause.

Semble

Sem"ble, a. Like; resembling. [Obs.] T. Hudson.

Sembling

Sem"bling (?), n. [Cf. Assemble.] (Zo\'94l.) The practice of attracting the males of Lepidoptera or other insects by exposing the female confined in a cage. &hand; It is often adopted by collectors in order to procure specimens of rare species.

Sem\'82

Se*m\'82" (?), a. [F. sem\'82, fr. semer to sow.] (Her.) Sprinkled or sown; -- said of field, or a charge, when strewed or covered with small charges.

Semeiography, ∨ Semiography

Se`mei*og"ra*phy (?), ∨ Se`mi*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. shmei^on sign + -graphy.] (Med.) A description of the signs of disease.

Semeiological, ∨ Semiologioal

Se`mei*o*log"ic*al (?), ∨ Se`mi*o*log"io*al, a. Of or pertaining to the science of signs, or the systematic use of signs; as, a semeiological classification of the signs or symptoms of disease; a semeiological arrangement of signs used as signals.

Semeiology, ∨ Semiology

Se`mei*ol"o*gy (?), ∨ Se`mi*ol"o*gy, n. [Gr. shmei^on a mark, a sign + -logy.] The science or art of signs. Specifically: (a) (Med.) The science of the signs or symptoms of disease; symptomatology. (b) The art of using signs in signaling.

Semeiotic, ∨ Semiotic

Se`mei*ot"ic (?), ∨ Se`mi*ot"ic, a. [Gr. shmei^on a mark, a sign.]

1. Relating to signs or indications; pertaining to the language of signs, or to language generally as indicating thought.

2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to the signs or symptoms of diseases.

Semeiotics, ∨ Semiotics

Se`mei*ot"ics (?), ∨ Se`mi*ot"ics, n. Semeiology.

Semele

Sem"e*le (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Myth.) A daughter of Cadmus, and by Zeus mother of Bacchus.

Semen

Se"men (?), n.; pl. Semina (#). [L., from the root of serere, satum, to sow. See Sow to scatter seed.]

1. (Bot.) The seed of plants.

2. (Physiol.) The seed or fecundating fluid of male animals; sperm. It is a white or whitish viscid fluid secreted by the testes, characterized by the presence of spermatozoids to which it owes its generative power. Semen contra, ∨ Semen cin\'91 or cyn\'91, a strong aromatic, bitter drug, imported from Aleppo and Barbary, said to consist of the leaves, peduncles, and unexpanded flowers of various species of Artemisia; wormseed.

Semeniferous

Sem`e*nif"er*ous (?), a. (Biol.) Seminiferous.
Page 1308

Semester

Se*mes"ter (?), n. [G., from L. semestris half-yearly; sex six + mensis a month.] A period of six months; especially, a term in a college or uneversity which divides the year into two terms.

Semi-

Sem"i- (?). [L. semi; akin to Gr. s\'bemi-, AS. s\'bem-, and prob. to E. same, from the division into two parts of the same size. Cf. Hemi-, Sandelend.] A prefix signifying half, and sometimes partly or imperfectly; as, semiannual, half yearly; semitransparent, imperfectly transparent. &hand; The prefix semi is joined to another word either with the hyphen or without it. In this book the hyphen is omitted except before a capital letter; as, semiacid, semiaquatic, semi-Arian, semiaxis, semicalcareous.

Semiacid

Sem`i*ac"id (?), a. Slightly acid; subacid.

Semiacidified

Sem`i*a*cid"i*fied (?), a. Half acidified.

Semiadherent

Sem`i*ad*her"ent (?), a. Adherent part way.

Semiamplexicaul

Sem`i*am*plex"i*caul (?), a. (Bot.) Partially amplexicaul; embracing the stem half round, as a leaf.

Semiangle

Sem"i*an`gle (?), n. (Geom.) The half of a given, or measuring, angle.

Semiiannual

Semi`i*an"nu*al (?), a. Half-yearly.

Semiannually

Sem`i*an"nu*al*ly, adv. Every half year.

Semiannular

Sem`i*an"nu*lar (?), a. Having the figure of a half circle; forming a semicircle. Grew.

Semi-Arian

Sem`i-A"ri*an (?), n. [See Arian.] (Eccl. Hist.) A member of a branch of the Arians which did not acknowledge the Son to be consubstantial with the Father, that is, of the same substance, but admitted him to be of a like substance with the Father, not by nature, but by a peculiar privilege.

Semi-Arian

Sem"i-A"ri*an, a. Of or pertaining to Semi-Arianism.

Semi-Arianism

Sem`i-A"ri*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines or tenets of the Semi-Arians.

Semiaxis

Sem`i*ax"is (?), n. (Geom.) One half of the axis of an

Semibarbarian

Sem`i*bar*ba"ri*an (?), a. Half barbarous; partially civilized. -- n. One partly civilized.

Semibarbaric

Sem`i*bar*bar"ic (?), a. Half barbarous or uncivilized; as, semibarbaric display.

Semibarbarism

Sem`i*bar"ba*rism (?), n. The quality or state of being half barbarous or uncivilized.

Semibarbarous

Sem`i*bar"ba*rous (?), a. Half barbarous.

Semibreve

Sem"i*breve` (?), n. [Pref. semi- + breve: cf. F. semi-breve, It. semibreve.] [Formerly written semibref.] (Mus.) A note of half the time or duration of the breve; -- now usually called a whole note. It is the longest note in general use.

Semibrief

Sem"i*brief` (?), n. (Mus.) A semibreve. [R.]

Semibull

Sem"i*bull` (?), n. (R.C.Ch.) A bull issued by a pope in the period between his election and coronation.

Semicalcareous

Sem`i*cal*ca"re*ous (?), a. Half or partially calcareous; as, a semicalcareous plant.

Semicalcined

Sem`i*cal*cined" (?), a. Half calcined; as, semicalcined iron.

Semicastrate

Sem`i*cas"trate (?), v. t. To deprive of one testicle. -- Sem`i*cas*tra"tion (#),n.

Semicentennial

Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to half of a century, or a period of fifty years; as, a semicentennial commemoration.

Semicentennial

Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al, n. A fiftieth anniversary.

Semichaotic

Sem`i*cha*ot"ic (?), a. Partially chaotic.

Semichorus

Sem"i*cho`rus, n. (Mus.) A half chorus; a passage to be sung by a selected portion of the voices, as the female voices only, in contrast with the full choir.

Semi-Christianized

Sem`i-Chris"tian*ized (?), a. Half Christianized.

Semicircle

Sem"i*cir`cle (?), n.

1. (a) The half of a circle; the part of a circle bounded by its diameter and half of its circumference. (b) A semicircumference.

2. A body in the form of half of a circle, or half of a circumference.

3. An instrument for measuring angles.

Semicircled

Sem"i*cir`cled (?), a. Semicircular. Shak.

Semicircular

Sem`i*cir"cu*lar (?), a. Having the form of half of a circle. Addison. Semicircular canals (Anat.), certain canals of the inner ear. See under Ear.

Semi circumference

Sem`i cir*cum"fer*ence (?), n. Half of a circumference.

Semicirque

Sem"i*cirque (?), n. A semicircular hollow or opening among trees or hills. Wordsworth.

Semicolon

Sem"i*co`lon (?), n. The punctuation mark [;] indicating a separation between parts or members of a sentence more distinct than that marked by a comma.

Semicolumn

Sem"i*col`umn (?), n. A half column; a column bisected longitudinally, or along its axis.

Semicolumnar

Sem`i*co*lum"nar (?), a. Like a semicolumn; flat on one side and round on the other; imperfectly columnar.

Semicompact

Sem`i*com*pact" (?), a. Half compact; imperfectly indurated.

Semiconscious

Sem`i*con"scious (?), a. Half conscious; imperfectly conscious. De Quincey.

Semicope

Sem"i*cope` (?), n. A short cope, or an inferier kind of cope. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Semi crustaceous

Sem`i crus*ta"ceous (?), a. Half crustaceous; partially crustaceous.

Semicrystalline

Sem`i*crys"tal*line (?), a. (Min.) Half crystalline; -- said of certain cruptive rocks composed partly of crystalline, partly of amorphous matter.

Semicubical

Sem`i*cu"bic*al (?), a. (Math.) Of or pertaining to the square root of the cube of a quantity. Semicubical parabola, a curve in which the ordinates are proportional to the square roots of the cubes of the abscissas.

Semicubium, Semicupium

Sem`i*cu"bi*um (?), Sem`i*cu"pi*um (?), n. [LL., fr. L. semi half + cupa tub, cask.] A half bath, or one that covers only the lewer extremities and the hips; a sitz-bath; a half bath, or hip bath.

Semicylindric, Semicylyndrical

Sem`i*cy*lin"dric (?), Sem`i*cy*lyn"dric*al (?) a. Half cylindrical.

Semideistical

Sem`i*de*is"tic*al (?), a. Half deisticsl; bordering on deism. S. Miller.

Semidemiquaver

Sem`i*dem"i*qua`ver (?), n. (Mus.) A demisemiquaver; a thirty-second note.

Semidetached

Sem`i*de*tached" (?), a. Half detached; partly distinct or separate. Semidetached house, one of two tenements under a single roof, but separated by a party wall. [Eng.]

Semidiameter

Sem`i*di*am"e*ter (?), n. (Math.) Half of a diameter; a right line, or the length of a right line, drawn from the center of a circle, a sphere, or other curved figure, to its circumference or periphery; a radius.

Semidiapason

Sem`i*di`a*pa"son (?), n. (Mus.) An imperfect octave.

Semidiapente

Sem`i*di`a*pen"te (?), n. (Mus.) An imperfect or diminished fifth. Busby.

Semidiaphaneity

Sem`i*di`a*pha*ne"i*ty (?), n. Half or imperfect transparency; translucency. [R.] Boyle.

Semidiaphanous

Sem`i*di*aph"a*nous (?), a. Half or imperfectly transparent; translucent. Woodward.

Semidiatessaron

Sem`i*di`a*tes"sa*ron (?), n. (Mus.) An imperfect or diminished fourth. [R.]

Semiditone

Sem`i*di"tone` (?), n. [Pref. semi- + ditone: cf. It. semiditono. Cf. Hemiditone.] (Gr. Mus.) A lesser third, having its terms as 6 to 5; a hemiditone. [R.]

Semidiurnal

Sem`i*di*ur"nal (?), a.

1. Pertaining to, or accomplished in, half a day, or twelve hours; occurring twice every day.

2. Pertaining to, or traversed in, six hours, or in half the time between the rising and setting of a heavenly body; as, a semidiurnal arc.

Semidome

Sem"i*dome` (?), n. (Arch.) A roof or ceiling covering a semicircular room or recess, or one of nearly that shape, as the apse of a church, a niche, or the like. It is approximately the quarter of a hollow sphere.

Semidouble

Sem"i*dou`ble (?), n. (Eccl.) An office or feast celebrated with less solemnity than the double ones. See Double, n., 8.

Semidouble

Sem`i*dou"ble, a. (Bot.) Having the outermost stamens converted into petals, while the inner ones remain perfect; -- said of a flower.

Semifable

Sem"i*fa`ble (?), n. That which is part fable and part truth; a mixture of truth and fable. De Quincey.

Semiflexed

Sem"i*flexed` (?), a. Half bent.

Semifloret

Sem"i*flo`ret (?), n. (Bot.) See Semifloscule.

Semifloscular

Sem`i*flos"cu*lar (?), a. Semiflosculous.

Semifloscule

Sem"i*flos`cule (?), n. (Bot.) A floscule, or florest, with its corolla prolonged into a strap-shaped petal; -- called also semifloret.

Semiflosculous

Sem`i*flos"cu*lous (?), a. (Bot.) Having all the florets ligulate, as in the dandelion.

Semifluid

Sem`i*flu"id (?), a. Imperfectly fluid. -- n. A semifluid substance.

Semiform

Sem"i*form` (?), n. A half form; an imperfect form.

Semiformed

Sem"i*formed` (?), a. Half formed; imperfectly formed; as, semiformed crystals.

Semiglutin

Sem`i*glu"tin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A peptonelike body, insoluble in alcohol, formed by boiling collagen or gelatin for a long time in water. Hemicollin, a like body, is also formed at the same time, and differs from semiglutin by being partly soluble in alcohol.

Semihistorical

Sem`i*his*tor"i*cal (?), a. Half or party historical. Sir G. C. Lewis.

Semihoral

Sem`i*ho"ral (?), a. Half-hourly.

Semiindurated

Sem`i*in"du*ra`ted (?), a. Imperfectly indurated or hardened.

Semilapidified

Sem`i*la*pid"i*fied (?), a. Imperfectly changed into stone. Kirwan.

Semilens

Sem"i*lens` (?), n. (Opt.) The half of a lens divided along a plane passing through its axis.

Semilenticular

Sem`i*len*tic"u*lar (?), a. Half lenticular or convex; imperfectly resembling a lens. Kirwan.

Semiligneous

Sem`i*lig"ne*ous (?), a. Half or partially ligneous, as a stem partly woody and partly herbaceous.

Semiliquid

Sem`i*liq"uid (?), a. Half liquid; semifluid.

Semiliquidity

Sem`i*li*quid"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being semiliquid; partial liquidity.

Semilogical

Sem`i*log"ic*al (?), a. Half logical; partly logical; said of fallacies. Whately.

Semilor

Sem"i*lor (?), n. [Cf. G. similor, semilor.] A yellowish alloy of copper and zinc. See Simplor.

Semilunar

Sem`i*lu"nar (?), a. Shaped like a half moon. Semilunar bone (Anat.), a bone of the carpus; the lunar. See Lunar, n. -- Semilunar, ∨ Sigmoid, valves (Anat.), the valves at the beginning of the aorta and of the pulmonary artery which prevent the blood from flowing back into the ventricle.

Semilunar

Sem`i*lu"nar, n. (Anat.) The semilunar bone.

Semilunary

Sem`i*lu"na*ry (?), a. Semilunar.

Semilunate

Sem`i*lu"nate (?), a. Semilunar.

Semilune

Sem"i*lune` (?), n. (Geom.) The half of a lune.

Semimetal

Sem"i*met`al (?), n. (Chem.) An element possessing metallic properties in an inferior degree and not malleable, as arsenic, antimony, bismuth, molybdenum, uranium, etc. [Obs.]

Semimetallic

Sem`i*me*tal"lic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to a semimetal; possessing metallic properties in an inferior degree; resembling metal.

Semimonthly

Sem`i*month"ly (?) a. Coming or made twice in a month; as, semimonthly magazine; a semimonthly payment. -- n. Something done or made every half month; esp., a semimonthly periodical. -- adv. In a semimonthly manner; at intervals of half a month.

Semiimute

Semi`i*mute" (?), a. Having the faculty of speech but imperfectly developed or partially lost.

Semimute

Sem"i*mute` (?), n. A semimute person.

Seminal

Sem"i*nal (?), a. [L. seminalis, fr. semen, seminis, seed, akin to serere to sow: cf. F. seminal. See Sow to scatter seed.]

1. Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of, seed or semen; as, the seminal fluid.

2. Contained in seed; holding the relation of seed, source, or first principle; holding the first place in a series of developed results or consequents; germinal; radical; primary; original; as, seminal principles of generation; seminal virtue.

The idea of God is, beyond all question or comparison, the one great seminal principle. Hare.
Seminal leaf (Bot.), a seed leaf, or cotyleden. -- Seminal receptacle. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Spermatheca.

Seminal

Sem"i*nal (?), n. A seed. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Seminality

Sem`i*nal"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being seminal. Sir T. Browne.

Seminarian, Seminarist

Sem`i*na"ri*an (?), Sem"i*na*rist (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82minariste.] A member of, or one educated in, a seminary; specifically, an ecclesiastic educated for the priesthood in a seminary.

Seminary

Sem"i*na*ry (?), n.; pl. Seminaries (#). [L. seminarium, fr. seminarius belonging to seed, fr. semon, seminis, seed. See Seminal.]

1. A piece of ground where seed is sown for producing plants for transplantation; a nursery; a seed plat. [Obs.] Mortimer.

But if you draw them [seedling] only for the thinning of your seminary, prick them into some empty beds. Evelyn.

2. Hence, the place or original stock whence anything is brought or produced. [Obs.] Woodward.

3. A place of education, as a scool of a high grade, an academy, college, or university.

4. Seminal state. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

5. Fig.: A seed bed; a source. [Obs.] Harvey.

6. A Roman Catholic priest educated in a foreign seminary; a seminarist. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Seminary

Sem"i*na*ry, a. [L. seminarius.] Belonging to seed; seminal. [R.]

Seminate

Sem"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seminating.] [L. seminatus, p. p. of seminare to sow, fr. semen, seminis, seed.] To sow; to spread; to propagate. [R.] Waterhouse.

Semination

Sem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. seminatio: cf. F. s\'82mination.]

1. The act of sowing or spreading. [R.]

2. (Bot.) Natural dispersion of seeds. Martyn.

Semined

Sem"ined (?), a. [See Semen.] Thickly covered or sown, as with seeds. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Seminiferous

Sem`i*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. semen, semenis, seed -ferous.] (Biol.) Seed-bearing; producing seed; pertaining to, or connected with, the formation of semen; as, seminiferous cells or vesicles.

Seminific, Semnifical

Sem`i*nif"ic (?), Sem`*nif"ic*al (?), a. [L. semen, seminis, seed + facere to make.] (Biol.) Forming or producing seed, or the male generative product of animals or of plants.

Seminification

Sem`i*ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. Propagation from seed. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

Seminist

Sem"i*nist (?), n. (Biol.) A believer in the old theory that the newly created being is formed by the admixture of the seed of the male with the supposed seed of the female.

Seminoles

Sem"i*noles (?), n. pl.; sing. Seminole (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians who formerly occupied Florida, where some of them still remain. They belonged to the Creek Confideration.

Seminose

Sem"i*nose` (?), n. [L. semen seed + glucose.] (Chem.) A carbohydrate of the glucose group found in the thickened endosperm of certain seeds, and extracted as yellow sirup having a sweetish-bitter taste. <-- same as D-mannose; C6H12O6, a hexose opticaly isomeric with glucose. -->

Seminude

Sem`i*nude" (?), a. Partially nude; half naked.

Seminymph

Sem"i*nymph` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The pupa of insects which undergo only a slight change in passing to the imago state.

Semioccasionally

Sem`i*oc*ca"sion*al*ly (?), adv. Once in a while; on rare occasions. [Colloq. U. S.]

Semiofficial

Sem`i*of*fi"cial (?), a. Half official; having some official authority or importance; as, a semiofficial statement. -- Sem`i*of*fi"cial*ly, adv.

Semiography, Semiology, Semiological

Se`mi*og"ra*phy (?), Se`mi*ol"o*gy (?), Se`mi*o*log"ic*al (?). Same as Semeiography, Semeiology, Semeiological.

Semiopacous

Sem`i*o*pa"cous (?), a. Semiopaque.

Semiopal

Sem"i*o`pal (?), n. (Min.) A variety of opal not possessing opalescence.

Semiopaque

Sem`i*o*paque" (?), a. Half opaque; only half transparent.

Semiorbicular

Sem`i*or*bic"u*lar (?), a. Having the shape of a half orb or sphere.

Semiotic

Se`mi*ot"ic (?), a. Same as Semeiotic.

Semiotics

Se`mi*ot"ics (?), n. Same as Semeiotics.

Semioval

Sem`i*o"val (?), a. Half oval.

Semiovate

Sem`i*o"vate (?), a. Half ovate.

Semioxygenated

Sem`i*ox"y*gen*a`ted (?), a. Combined with oxygen only in part. Kirwan.

Semipagan

Sem`i*pa"gan (?), a. Half pagan.

Semipalmate, Semipalmated

Sem`i*pal"mate (?), Sem`i*pal"ma*ted (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior toes joined only part way down with a web; half-webbed; as, a semipalmate bird or foot. See Illust. k under Aves.

Semiparabola

Sem`i*pa*rab"o*la (?), n. (Geom.) One branch of a parabola, being terminated at the principal vertex of the curve.

Semiped

Sem"i*ped (?), n. [L. semipes, semipedis; pref. semi- half + pes, pedis, a foot.] (Pros.) A half foot in poetry.

Semipedal

Se*mip"e*dal (?), a. (Pres.) Containing a half foot.

Semi-Pelagian

Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of John Cassianus, a French monk (died about 448), who modified the doctrines of Pelagius, by denying human merit, and maintaining the necessity of the Spirit's influence, while, on the other hand, he rejected the Augustinian doctrines of election, the inability of man to do good, and the certain perseverance of the saints.

Semi-Pelagian

Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an, a. Of or pertaining to the Semi-Pelagians, or their tenets.
Page 1309

Semi-Pelagianism

Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines or tenets of the Semi-Pelagians.

Semipellucid

Sem`i*pel*lu"cid (?), a. Half clear, or imperfectly transparent; as, a semipellucid gem.

Semipellucidity

Sem`i*pel`lu*cid"i*ty (?), n. The qualiti or state of being imperfectly transparent.

Semipenniform

Sem`i*pen"ni*form (?), a. (Anat.) Half or partially penniform; as, a semipenniform muscle.

Semopermanent

Sem`o*per"ma*nent, n. Half or partly permanent.

Semiperspicuous

Sem`i*per*spic"u*ous (?), a. Half transparent; imperfectly clear; semipellucid.

Semiphlogisticated

Sem`i*phlo*gis"ti*ca`ted (?), a. (Old Chem.) Partially impregnated with phlogiston.

Semiplume

Sem"i*plume` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A feather which has a plumelike web, with the shaft of an ordinary feather.

Semiprecious

Sem`i*pre"cious (?), a. Somewhat precious; as, semiprecious stones or metals.

Semiproof

Sem"i*proof` (?), n. Half proof; evidence from the testimony of a single witness. [Obs.] Bailey.

Semi pupa

Sem`i pu"pa (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The young of an insect in a stage between the larva and pupa.

Semiquadrate, Semiquartile

Sem"i*quad`rate (?), Sem"i*quar"tile (?), n. (Astrol.) An aspect of the planets when distant from each other the half of a quadrant, or forty-five degrees, or one sign and a half. Hutton.

Semiquaver

Sem"i*qua`ver (?), n. (Mus.) A note of half the duration of the quaver; -- now usually called a sixsteenth note.

Semiquintile

Sem"i*quin`tile (?), n. (Astrol.) An aspect of the planets when distant from each other half of the quintile, or thirty-six degrees.

Semirecondite

Sem`i*rec"on*dite (?), a. (Zool.) Half hidden or half covered; said of the head of an insect when half covered by the shield of the thorax.

Semiring

Sem"i*ring` (?), n. (Anat.) One of the incomplete rings of the upper part of the bronchial tubes of most birds. The semerings form an essential part of the syrinx, or musical organ, of singing birds.

Semisavage

Sem`i*sav"age (?), a. Half savage.

Semisavage

Sem"i*sav`age, n. One who is half savage.

Semi-Saxon

Sem`i-Sax"on (?), a. Half Saxon; -- specifically applied to the language intermediate between Saxon and English, belonging to the period 1150-1250.

Semisextile

Sem"i*sex"tile (?), n. (Astrol.) An aspect of the planets when they are distant from each other the twelfth part of a circle, or thirty degrees. Hutton.

Semisolid

Sem`i*sol"id (?), a. Partially solid.

Semisoun

Sem"i*soun (-s&oomac;n), n. A half sound; a low tone. [Obs.] "Soft he cougheth with a semisoun." Chaucer.

Semispheric, Semispherical

Sem`i*spher"ic (?), Sem`i*spher"ic*al (?), a. Having the figure of a half sphere. Kirwan.

Semispheroidal

Sem`i*sphe*roid"al (?), a. Formed like a half spheroid.

Semisteel

Sem"i*steel` (, n. Puddled steel. [U. S. ]

Semita

Sem"i*ta (?), n.; pl. Semit\'91. [L., a path.] (Zo\'94l.) A fasciole of a spatangoid sea urchin.

Semitangent

Sem"i*tan`gent (?), n. (Geom.) The tangent of half an arc.

Semite

Sem"ite (?), n. One belonging to the Semitic race. Also used adjectively. [Written also Shemite.]

Semiterete

Sem`i*te*rete" (?), a. (Nat. Hist.) Half terete.

Semitertian

Sem`i*ter"tian (?), a. (Med.) Having the characteristics of both a tertian and a quotidian intermittent. -- n. An intermittent combining the characteristics of a tertian and a quotidian.

Semitic

Sem*it"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Shem or his descendants; belonging to that division of the Caucasian race which includes the Arabs, Jews, and related races. [Written also Shemitic.] Semitic language, a name used to designate a group of Asiatic and African languages, some living and some dead, namely: Hebrew and Ph&oe;nician, Aramaic, Assyrian, Arabic, Ethiopic (Geez and Ampharic). Encyc. Brit.

Semitism

Sem"i*tism (?), n. A Semitic idiom; a word of Semitic origin. [Written also Shemitism.]

Semitone

Sem"i*tone (?), n. [Pref. semi- + tone. CF. Hemitone.] (Mus.) Half a tone; -- the name commonly applied to the smaller intervals of the diatonic scale. &hand; There is an impropriety in the use of this word, and half step is now preferred. See Tone. J. S. Dwight.

Semitonic

Sem`i*ton"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a semitone; consisting of a semitone, or of semitones.

Semitransept

Sem"i*tran`sept (?), n. (Arch.) The half of a transept; as, the north semitransept of a church.

Semitranslucent

Sem`i*trans*lu"cent (?), a. Slightly clear; transmitting light in a slight degree.

Semitransparency

Sem`i*trans*par"en*cy (?), n. Imperfect or partial transparency.

Semitransparent

Sem`i*trans*par"ent (?), a. Half or imperfectly transparent.

Semiverticillate

Sem`i*ver*tic"il*late, ( a. Partially verticillate.

Semivif

Sem"i*vif (?), a. [L. semivivus.] Only half alive. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Semivitreous

Sem`i*vit"re*ous (?), a. Partially vitreous.

Semivitrification

Sem`i*vit"ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n.

1. The quality or state of being semivitrified.

2. A substance imperfectly vitrified.

Semivitrified

Sem`i*vit"ri*fied (?), a. Half or imperfectly vitrified; partially converted into glass.

Semivocal

Sem`i*vo"cal (?), a. (Phon.) Of or pertaining to a semivowel; half cocal; imperfectly sounding.

Semivowel

Sem"i*vow`el (?), n. (Phon.) (a) A sound intermediate between a vowel and a consonant, or partaking of the nature of both, as in the English w and y. (b) The sign or letter representing such a sound.

Semiweekly

Sem`i*week"ly (?), a. Coming, or made, or done, once every half week; as, a semiweekly newspaper; a semiweekly trip. -- n. That which comes or happens once every half week, esp. a semiweekly periodical. -- adv. At intervals of half a week each.

Semolella

Sem`o*lel"la (?), n. [It.] See Semolina.

Semolina

Sem`o*li"na (?), n. [It. semolino, from semola bran, L. simila the finest wheat flour. Cf. Semoule, Simnel.] The fine, hard parts of wheat, rounded by the attrition of the millstones, -- used in cookery.

Semolino

Sem`o*li"no (?), n. [It.] Same as Semolina.

Semoule

Se*moule" (?), n. [F.] Same as Semolina.

Sempervirent

Sem`per*vi"rent (?), a. [L. semper always + virens, p. pr. of virere to be green.] Always fresh; evergreen. [R.] Smart.

Sempervive

Sem"per*vive (?), n. [L. semperviva, sempervivum, fr. sempervivus ever-living; semper always + vivus living.] (Bot.) The houseleek.

Sempervivum

Sem`per*vi"vum (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of fleshy-leaved plants, of which the houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum) is the commonest species.

Sempiternal

Sem`pi*ter"nal (?), a. [L. sempiternus, fr. semper always: cf. F. sempiternel.]

1. Of neverending duration; everlasting; endless; having beginning, but no end. Sir M. Hale.

2. Without beginning or end; eternal. Blackmore.

Sempiterne

Sem"pi*terne (?), a. Sempiternal. [Obs.]

Sempiternity

Sem`pi*ter"ni*ty (?), n. [L. sempiternitas.] Future duration without end; the relation or state of being sempiternal. Sir M. Hale.

Sempre

Sem"pre (?), adv. [It., fr. L. semper.] (Mus.) Always; throughout; as, sempre piano, always soft.

Sempster

Semp"ster (?), n. A seamster. [Obs.]

Sempstress

Semp"stress (?), n. A seamstress.
Two hundred sepstress were employed to make me shirts. Swift.

Sempstressy

Semp"stress*y (?), n. Seamstressy.

Semster

Sem"ster (?), n. A seamster. [Obs.]

Semuncia

Se*mun"ci*a (?), n. [L., fr. semi half + uncia ounce.] (Rom. Antiq.) A Roman coin equivalent to one twenty-fourth part of a Roman pound.

Sen

Sen (?), n. A Japanese coin, worth about one half of a cent.

Sen

Sen, adv., prep., & conj. [See Since.] Since. [Obs.]

Senary

Sen"a*ry (?), a. [L. senarius, fr. seni six each, fr. sex six. See Six.] Of six; belonging to six; containing six. Dr. H. More.

Senate

Sen"ate (?), n. [OE. senat, F. s\'82nat, fr. L. senatus, fr. senex, gen. senis, old, an old man. See Senior, Sir.]

1. An assembly or council having the highest deliberative and legislative functions. Specifically: (a) (Anc. Rom.) A body of elders appointed or elected from among the nobles of the nation, and having supreme legislative authority.

The senate was thus the medium through which all affairs of the whole government had to pass. Dr. W. Smith.
(b) The upper and less numerous branch of a legislature in various countries, as in France, in the United States, in most of the separate States of the United States, and in some Swiss cantons. (c) In general, a legislative body; a state council; the legislative department of government.

2. The governing body of the Universities of Cambridge and London. [Eng.]

3. In some American colleges, a council of elected students, presided over by the president of the college, to which are referred cases of discipline and matters of general concern affecting the students. [U. S.] Senate chamber, a room where a senate meets when it transacts business. -- Senate house, a house where a senate meets when it transacts business.

Senator

Sen"a*tor (?), n. [OE. senatour, OF. senatour, F. s\'82nateur, fr. L. senator.]

1. A member of a senate.

The duke and senators of Venice greet you. Shak.
&hand; In the United States, each State sends two senators for a term of six years to the national Congress.

2. (O.Eng.Law) A member of the king's council; a king's councilor. Burrill.

Senatorial

Sen`a*to"ri*al (?), a. [F. s\'82natorial, or L. senatorius.]

1. Of or pertaining to a senator, or a senate; becoming to a senator, or a senate; as, senatorial duties; senatorial dignity.

2. Entitled to elect a senator, or by senators; as, the senatorial districts of a State. [U. S.]

Senatorially

Sen`a*to"ri*al*ly, adv. In a senatorial manner.

Senatorian

Sen`a*to"ri*an (?), a. Senatorial. [R.] De Quincey.

Senatorious

Sen`a*to"ri*ous (?), a. Senatorial. [Obs.]

Senatorship

Sen"a*tor*ship (?), n. The office or dignity of a senator. Carew.

Senatusconsult

Se*na`tus*con*sult" (?), n. [L. senatus consultum.] A decree of the Roman senate.

Send

Send (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sent (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sending.] [AS. sendan; akin to OS. sendian, D. zenden, G. senden, OHG. senten, Icel. senda, Sw. s\'84nda, Dan. sende, Goth. sandjan, and to Goth. sinp a time (properly, a going), gasinpa companion, OHG. sind journey, AS. s\'c6, Icel. sinni a walk, journey, a time. W. hynt a way, journey, OIr. s. Cf. Sense.]

1. To cause to go in any manner; to dispatch; to commission or direct to go; as, to send a messenger.

I have not sent these prophets, yet they ran. Jer. xxiii. 21.
I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but he sent me. John viii. 42.
Servants, sent on messages, stay out somewhat longer than the message requires. Swift.

2. To give motion to; to cause to be borne or carried; to procure the going, transmission, or delivery of; as, to send a message.

He . . . sent letters by posts on horseback. Esther viii. 10.
O send out thy light an thy truth; let them lead me. Ps. xliii. 3.

3. To emit; to impel; to cast; to throw; to hurl; as, to send a ball, an arrow, or the like.

4. To cause to be or to happen; to bestow; to inflict; to grant; -- sometimes followed by a dependent proposition. "God send him well!" Shak.

The Lord shall send upon thee cursing, vexation, and rebuke. Deut. xxviii. 20.
And sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. Matt. v. 45.
God send your mission may bring back peace. Sir W. Scott.

Send

Send (?), v. i.

1. To dispatch an agent or messenger to convey a message, or to do an errand.

See ye how this son of a murderer hath sent to take away my head? 2 Kings vi. 32.

2. (Naut.) To pitch; as, the ship sends forward so violently as to endanger her masts. Totten. To send for, to request or require by message to come or be brought.

Send

Send, n. (Naut.) The impulse of a wave by which a vessel is carried bodily. [Written also scend.] W. C. Russell. "The send of the sea". Longfellow.

Sendal

Sen"dal (?), n. [OF. cendal (cf. Pr. & Sp. cendal, It. zendale), LL. cendallum, Gr. A light thin stuff of silk. [Written also cendal, and sendal.] Chaucer.
Wore she not a veil of twisted sendal embroidered with silver? Sir W. Scott.

Sender

Send"er (?), n. One who sends. Shak.

Senecas

Sen"e*cas (?), n. pl.; sing. Seneca (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians who formerly inhabited a part of Western New York. This tribe was the most numerous and most warlike of the Five Nations. Seneca grass(Bot.), holy grass. See under Holy. -- Seneca eil, petroleum or naphtha. -- Seneca root, ∨ Seneca snakeroot (Bot.), the rootstock of an American species of milkworth (Polygala Senega) having an aromatic but bitter taste. It is often used medicinally as an expectorant and diuretic, and, in large doses, as an emetic and cathartic. [Written also Senega root, and Seneka root.]

Senecio

Se*ne"ci*o (?), n. [L., groundsel, lit., an old man. So called in allusion to the hoary appearance of the pappus.] (Bot.) A very large genus of composite plants including the groundsel and the golden ragwort.

Senectitude

Se*nec"ti*tude (?), n. [L. senectus aged, old age, senex old.] Old age. [R.] "Senectitude, weary of its toils." H. Miller.

Senega

Sen"e*ga (?), n. (Med.) Seneca root.

Senegal

Sen"e*gal (?), n. Gum senegal. See under Gum.

Senegin

Sen"e*gin (?), n. (Med. Chem.) A substance extracted from the rootstock of the Polygala Senega (Seneca root), and probably identical with polygalic acid.

Senescence

Se*nes"cence (?), n. [See Senescent.] The state of growing old; decay by time.

Senescent

Se*nes"cent (?), a. [L. senescent, p. pr. of senescere to grow old, incho. fr. senere to be old.] Growing old; decaying with the lapse of time. "The night was senescent." Poe. "With too senescent air." Lowell.

Seneschal

Sen"es*chal (?), n. [OF. seneschal, LL. seniscalcus, of Teutonic origin; cf. Goth. sineigs old, skalks, OHG. scalch, AS. scealc. Cf. Senior, Marshal.] An officer in the houses of princes and dignitaries, in the Middle Ages, who had the superintendence of feasts and domestic ceremonies; a steward. Sometimes the seneschal had the dispensing of justice, and was given high military commands.
Then marshaled feast Served up in hall with sewers and seneschale. Milton.
Philip Augustus, by a famous ordinance in 1190, first established royal courts of justice, held by the officers called baitiffs, or seneschals, who acted as the king's lieutenants in his demains. Hallam.

Seneschalship

Sen"es*chal*ship, n. The office, dignity, or jurisdiction of a seneschal.

Senge

Senge (?), v. t. To singe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sengreen

Sen"green (?), n.[AS. singr, properly, evergreen, fr. sin (in composition) always + gr\'89ne green; akin to OHG. sin- ever, L. semper.] (Bot.) The houseleek.

Senile

Se"nile (?), a. [L. senilis, from senex, gen. senis, old, an old man: cf. F. s\'82nile. See Senior.] Of or pertaining to old age; proceeding from, or characteristic of, old age; affected with the infirmities of old age; as, senile weakness. "Senile maturity of judgment." Boyle. Senile gangrene (Med.), a form of gangrene occuring particularly in old people, and caused usually by insufficient blood supply due to degeneration of the walls of the smaller arteries.

Senility

Se*nil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82nilit\'82.] The quality or state of being senile; old age.

Senior

Sen"ior (?), a. [L. senior, compar. of senex, gen. senis, old. See Sir.]

1. More advanced than another in age; prior in age; elder; hence, more advanced in dignity, rank, or office; superior; as, senior member; senior counsel.

2. Belonging to the final year of the regular course in American colleges, or in professional schools.

Senior

Sen"ior, n.

1. A person who is older than another; one more advanced in life.

2. One older in office, or whose entrance upon office was anterior to that of another; one prior in grade.

3. An aged person; an older. Dryden.

Each village senior paused to scan, And speak the lovely caravan. Emerson.

4. One in the fourth or final year of his collegiate course at an American college; -- originally called senior sophister; also, one in the last year of the course at a professional schools or at a seminary.

Seniority

Sen*ior"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being senior.

Seniorize

Sen"ior*ize (?), v. i. To exercise authority; to rule; to lord it. [R.] Fairfax.

Seniory

Sen"ior*y (?), n. Seniority. [Obs.] Shak.

Senna

Sen"na (?), n. [Cf. It. & Sp. sena, Pg. sene, F. s\'82n\'82; all fr. Ar. san\'be.]

1. (Med.) The leaves of several leguminous plants of the genus Cassia. (C. acutifolia. C. angustifolia, etc.). They constitute a valuable but nauseous cathartic medicine.

2. (Bot.) The plants themselves, native to the East, but now cultivated largely in the south of Europe and in the West Indies. Bladder senna. (Bot.) See under Bladder. -- Wild senna (Bot.), the Cassia Marilandica, growing in the United States, the leaves of which are used medicinally, like those of the officinal senna.


Page 1310

Sennachy

Sen"na*chy (?), n. See Seannachie.

Sennet

Sen"net (?), n. [Properly, a sign given for the entrance or exit of actors, from OF. sinet, signet, dim. of signe. See Signet.] A signal call on a trumpet or cornet for entrance or exit on the stage. [Obs.]

Sennet

Sen"net, n. (Zo\'94l.) The barracuda.

Sennight

Sen"night (?), n. [Contr. fr. sevennight.] The space of seven nights and days; a week. [Written also se'nnight.] [Archaic.] Shak. Tennyson.

Sennit

Sen"nit (?), n. [Seven + knit.]

1. (Naut.) A braided cord or fabric formed by plaiting together rope yarns or other small stuff.

2. Plaited straw or palm leaves for making hats.

Senocular

Se*noc"u*lar (?), a. [L. seni six each (fr. sex six) + oculus eye.] Having six eyes. [R.] Derham.

Senonian

Se*no"ni*an (?), a. [F. s\'82nonien, from the district of S\'82nonais, in France.] (Geol.) In european geology, a name given to the middle division of the Upper Cretaceous formation.

Se\'a4or

Se*\'a4or" (?), n. [Sp. Cf. Senior.] A Spanish title of courtesy corresponding to the English Mr. or Sir; also, a gentleman.

Se\'a4ora

Se*\'a4o"ra (?), n. [Sp.] A Spanish title of courtesy given to a lady; Mrs.; Madam; also, a lady.

Se\'a4orita

Se`\'a4o*ri"ta (?), n. [Sp.] A Spanish title of courtesy given to a young lady; Miss; also, a young lady.

Sens

Sens (?), adv. [See Since.] Since. [Obs.] Spenser.

Sensate

Sen"sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sensated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sensating.] [See Sensated.] To feel or apprehend more or less distinctly through a sense, or the senses; as, to sensate light, or an odor.
As those of the one are sensated by the ear, so those of the other are by the eye. R. Hooke.

Sensate, Sensated

Sen"sate (?), Sen"sa*ted (?), a. [L. sensatus gifted with sense, intelligent, fr. sensus sense. See Sense.] Felt or apprehended through a sense, or the senses. [R.] Baxter.

Sensation

Sen*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. sensation. See Sensate.]

1. (Physiol.) An impression, or the consciousness of an impression, made upon the central nervous organ, through the medium of a sensory or afferent nerve or one of the organs of sense; a feeling, or state of consciousness, whether agreeable or disagreeable, produced either by an external object (stimulus), or by some change in the internal state of the body.

Perception is only a special kind of knowledge, and sensation a special kind of feeling. . . . Knowledge and feeling, perception and sensation, though always coexistent, are always in the inverse ratio of each other. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. A purely spiritual or psychical affection; agreeable or disagreeable feelings occasioned by objects that are not corporeal or material.

3. A state of excited interest or feeling, or that which causes it.

The sensation caused by the appearance of that work is still remembered by many. Brougham.
Syn. -- Perception. -- Sensation, Perseption. The distinction between these words, when used in mental philosophy, may be thus stated; if I simply smell a rose, I have a sensation; if I refer that smell to the external object which occasioned it, I have a perception. Thus, the former is mere feeling, without the idea of an object; the latter is the mind's apprehension of some external object as occasioning that feeling. "Sensation properly expresses that change in the state of the mind which is produced by an impression upon an organ of sense (of which change we can conceive the mind to be conscious, without any knowledge of external objects). Perception, on the other hand, expresses the knowledge or the intimations we obtain by means of our sensations concerning the qualities of matter, and consequently involves, in every instance, the notion of externality, or outness, which it is necessary to exclude in order to seize the precise import of the word sensation." Fleming.

Sensational

Sen*sa"tion*al (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to sensation; as, sensational nerves.

2. Of or pertaining to sensationalism, or the doctrine that sensation is the sole origin of knowledge.

3. Suited or intended to excite temporarily great interest or emotion; melodramatic; emotional; as, sensational plays or novels; sensational preaching; sensational journalism; a sensational report.

Sensationalism

Sen*sa"tion*al*ism (?), n.

1. (Metaph.) The doctrine held by Condillac, and by some ascribed to Locke, that our ideas originate solely in sensation, and consist of sensations transformed; sensualism; -- opposed to intuitionalism, and rationalism.

2. The practice or methods of sensational writing or speaking; as, the sensationalism of a novel.

Sensationalist

Sen*sa"tion*al*ist, n.

1. (Metaph.) An advocate of, or believer in, philosophical sensationalism.

2. One who practices sensational writing or speaking.

Sense

Sense (?), n. [L. sensus, from sentire, sensum, to perceive, to feel, from the same root as E. send; cf. OHG. sin sense, mind, sinnan to go, to journey, G. sinnen to meditate, to think: cf. F. sens. For the change of meaning cf. See, v. t. See Send, and cf. Assent, Consent, Scent, v. t., Sentence, Sentient.]

1. (Physiol.) A faculty, possessed by animals, of perceiving external objects by means of impressions made upon certain organs (sensory or sense organs) of the body, or of perceiving changes in the condition of the body; as, the senses of sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch. See Muscular sense, under Muscular, and Temperature sense, under Temperature.

Let fancy still my sense in Lethe steep. Shak.
What surmounts the reach Of human sense I shall delineate. Milton.
The traitor Sense recalls The soaring soul from rest. Keble.

2. Perception by the sensory organs of the body; sensation; sensibility; feeling.

In a living creature, though never so great, the sense and the affects of any one part of the body instantly make a transcursion through the whole. Bacon.

3. Perception through the intellect; apprehension; recognition; understanding; discernment; appreciation.

This Basilius, having the quick sense of a lover. Sir P. Sidney.
High disdain from sense of injured merit. Milton.

4. Sound perception and reasoning; correct judgment; good mental capacity; understanding; also, that which is sound, true, or reasonable; rational meaning. "He speaks sense." Shak.

He raves; his words are loose As heaps of sand, and scattering wide from sense. Dryden.

5. That which is felt or is held as a sentiment, view, or opinion; judgment; notion; opinion.

I speak my private but impartial sense With freedom. Roscommon.
The municipal council of the city had ceased to speak the sense of the citizens. Macaulay.

6. Meaning; import; signification; as, the true sense of words or phrases; the sense of a remark.

So they read in the book in the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense. Neh. viii. 8.
I think 't was in another sense. Shak.

7. Moral perception or appreciation.

Some are so hardened in wickedness as to have no sense of the most friendly offices. L' Estrange.

8. (Geom.) One of two opposite directions in which a line, surface, or volume, may be supposed to be described by the motion of a point, line, or surface. Common sense, according to Sir W. Hamilton: (a) "The complement of those cognitions or convictions which we receive from nature, which all men possess in common, and by which they test the truth of knowledge and the morality of actions." (b) "The faculty of first principles." These two are the philosophical significations. (c) "Such ordinary complement of intelligence, that,if a person be deficient therein, he is accounted mad or foolish." (d) When the substantive is emphasized: "Native practical intelligence, natural prudence, mother wit, tact in behavior, acuteness in the observation of character, in contrast to habits of acquired learning or of speculation." -- Moral sense. See under Moral, (a). -- The inner, ∨ internal, sense, capacity of the mind to be aware of its own states; consciousness; reflection. "This source of ideas every man has wholly in himself, and though it be not sense, as having nothing to do with external objects, yet it is very like it, and might properly enough be called internal sense." Locke. -- Sense capsule (Anat.), one of the cartilaginous or bony cavities which inclose, more or less completely, the organs of smell, sight, and hearing. -- Sense organ (Physiol.), a specially irritable mechanism by which some one natural force or form of energy is enabled to excite sensory nerves; as the eye, ear, an end bulb or tactile corpuscle, etc. -- Sense organule (Anat.), one of the modified epithelial cells in or near which the fibers of the sensory nerves terminate. Syn. -- Understanding; reason. -- Sense, Understanding, Reason. Some philosophers have given a technical signification to these terms, which may here be stated. Sense is the mind's acting in the direct cognition either of material objects or of its own mental states. In the first case it is called the outer, in the second the inner, sense. Understanding is the logical faculty, i. e., the power of apprehending under general conceptions, or the power of classifying, arranging, and making deductions. Reason is the power of apprehending those first or fundamental truths or principles which are the conditions of all real and scientific knowledge, and which control the mind in all its processes of investigation and deduction. These distinctions are given, not as established, but simply because they often occur in writers of the present day.

Sense

Sense (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sensed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sensing.] To perceive by the senses; to recognize. [Obs. or Colloq.]
Is he sure that objects are not otherwise sensed by others than they are by him? Glanvill.

Senseful

Sense"ful (?), a. Full of sense, meaning, or reason; reasonable; judicious. [R.] "Senseful speech." Spenser. "Men, otherwise senseful and ingenious." Norris.

Senseless

Sense"less, a. Destitute of, deficient in, or contrary to, sense; without sensibility or feeling; unconscious; stupid; foolish; unwise; unreasonable.
You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things. Shak.
The ears are senseless that should give us hearing. Shak.
The senseless grave feels not your pious sorrows. Rowe.
They were a senseless, stupid race. Swift.
They would repent this their senseless perverseness when it would be too late. Clarendon.
--- Sense"less*ly, adv. -- Sense"less*ness, n.

Sensibility

Sen`si*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Sensibilities (#). [Cf. F. sensibilit\'82, LL. sensibilitas.]

1. (Physiol.) The quality or state of being sensible, or capable of sensation; capacity to feel or perceive.

2. The capacity of emotion or feeling, as distinguished from the intellect and the will; peculiar susceptibility of impression, pleasurable or painful; delicacy of feeling; quick emotion or sympathy; as, sensibility to pleasure or pain; sensibility to shame or praise; exquisite sensibility; -- often used in the plural. "Sensibilities so fine!" Cowper.

The true lawgiver ought to have a heart full of sensibility. Burke.
His sensibilities seem rather to have been those of patriotism than of wounded pride. Marshall.

3. Experience of sensation; actual feeling.

This adds greatly to my sensibility. Burke.

4. That quality of an instrument which makes it indicate very slight changes of condition; delicacy; as, the sensibility of a balance, or of a thermometer.<-- usu. sensitivity --> Syn. -- Taste; susceptibility; feeling. See Taste.

Sensible

Sen"si*ble (?), a. [F., fr. L. sensibilis, fr. sensus sense.]

1. Capable of being perceived by the senses; apprehensible through the bodily organs; hence, also, perceptible to the mind; making an impression upon the sense, reason, or understanding; sensible resistance.

Air is sensible to the touch by its motion. Arbuthnot.
The disgrace was more sensible than the pain. Sir W. Temple.
Any very sensible effect upon the prices of things. A. Smith.

2. Having the capacity of receiving impressions from external objects; capable of perceiving by the instrumentality of the proper organs; liable to be affected physsically or mentally; impressible.

Would your cambric were sensible as your finger. Shak.

3. Hence: Liable to impression from without; easily affected; having nice perception or acute feeling; sensitive; also, readily moved or affected by natural agents; delicate; as, a sensible thermometer. "With affection wondrous sensible." Shak.

4. Perceiving or having perception, either by the senses or the mind; cognizant; perceiving so clearly as to be convinced; satisfied; persuaded.

He [man] can not think at any time, waking or sleeping, without being sensible of it. Locke.
They are now sensible it would have been better to comply than to refuse. Addison.

5. Having moral perception; capable of being affected by moral good or evil.

6. Possessing or containing sense or reason; giftedwith, or characterized by, good or common sense; intelligent; wise.

Now a sensible man, by and by a fool. Shak.
Sensible note ∨ tone (Mus.), the major seventh note of any scale; -- so called because, being but a half step below the octave, or key tone, and naturally leading up to that, it makes the ear sensible of its approaching sound. Called also the leading tone. -- Sensible horizon. See Horizon, n., 2. (a). Syn. -- Intelligent; wise. -- Sensible, Intelligent. We call a man sensible whose judgments and conduct are marked and governed by sound judgment or good common semse. We call one intelligent who is quick and clear in his understanding, i. e., who discriminates readily and nicely in respect to difficult and important distinction. The sphere of the sensible man lies in matters of practical concern; of the intelligent man, in subjects of intellectual interest. "I have been tired with accounts from sensible men, furnished with matters of fact which have happened within their own knowledge." Addison. "Trace out numerous footsteps . . . of a most wise and intelligent architect throughout all this stupendous fabric." Woodward.

Sensible

Sen"si*ble (?), n.

1. Sensation; sensibility. [R.] "Our temper changed . . . which must needs remove the sensible of pain." Milton.

2. That which impresses itself on the sense; anything perceptible.

Aristotle distinguished sensibles into common and proper. Krauth-Fleming.

3. That which has sensibility; a sensitive being. [R.]

This melancholy extends itself not to men only, but even to vegetals and sensibles. Burton.

Sensibleness

Sen"si*ble*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being sensible; sensibility; appreciation; capacity of perception; susceptibility. "The sensibleness of the eye." Sharp. "Sensibleness and sorrow for sin." Hammond.

The sensibleness of the divine presence. Hallywell.

2. Intelligence; reasonableness; good sense.

Sensibly

Sen"si*bly, adv.

1. In a sensible manner; so as to be perceptible to the senses or to the mind; appreciably; with perception; susceptibly; sensitively.

What remains past cure, Bear not too sensibly. Milton.

2. With intelligence or good sense; judiciously.

Sensifacient

Sen`si*fa"cient (?), a. [L. sensus sense + facere to make.] Converting into sensation. Huxley.

Sensiferous

Sen*sif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sensifer; sensus sense + ferre to bear.] Exciting sensation; conveying sensation. Huxley.

Sensific

Sen*sif"ic (?), a. [L. sensificus; sensus sense + facere to make.] Exciting sensation.

Sensificatory

Sen*sif"i*ca*to*ry (?), a. Susceptible of, or converting into, sensation; as, the sensificatory part of a nervous system. Huxley.

Sensigenous

Sen*sig"e*nous (?), a. [L. sensus sense + -genous.] Causing or exciting sensation. Huxley.

Sensism

Sens"ism (?), n. Same as Sensualism, 2 & 3.

Sensist

Sens"ist, n. One who, in philosophy, holds to sensism.

Sensitive

Sen"si*tive (?), a. [F. sensitif. See Sense.]

1. Having sense of feeling; possessing or exhibiting the capacity of receiving impressions from external objects; as, a sensitive soul.

2. Having quick and acute sensibility, either to the action of external objects, or to impressions upon the mind and feelings; highly susceptible; easily and acutely affected.

She was too sensitive to abuse and calumny. Macaulay.

3. (a) (Mech.) Having a capacity of being easily affected or moved; as, a sensitive thermometer; sensitive scales. (b) (Chem. & Photog.) Readily affected or changed by certain appropriate agents; as, silver chloride or bromide, when in contact with certain organic substances, is extremely sensitive to actinic rays.

4. Serving to affect the sense; sensible. [R.]

A sensitive love of some sensitive objects. Hammond.

5. Of or pertaining to sensation; depending on sensation; as, sensitive motions; sensitive muscular motions excited by irritation. E. Darwin. Sensitive fern (Bot.), an American fern (Onoclea sensibilis), the leaves of which, when plucked, show a slight tendency to fold together. -- Sensitive flame (Physics), a gas flame so arranged that under a suitable adjustment of pressure it is exceedingly sensitive to sounds, being caused to roar, flare, or become suddenly shortened or extinguished, by slight sounds of the proper pitch. -- Sensitive joint vetch (Bot.), an annual leguminous herb (\'92schynomene hispida), with sensitive foliage. -- Sensitive paper, paper prepared for photographic purpose by being rendered sensitive to the effect of light. -- Sensitive plant. (Bot.) (a) A leguminous plant (Mimosa pudica, or M. sensitiva, and other allied species), the leaves of which close at the slightest touch. (b) Any plant showing motions after irritation, as the sensitive brier (Schrankia) of the Southern States, two common American species of Cassia (C. nictitans, and C. Cham\'91crista), a kind of sorrel (Oxalis sensitiva), etc.


Page 1311

-- Sen"si*tive*ly (#), adv. -- Sen"si*tive*ness, n.

Sensitivity

Sen`si*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sensitive; -- used chiefly in science and the arts; as, the sensitivity of iodized silver.
Sensitivity and emotivity have also been used as the scientific term for the capacity of feeling. Hickok.

Sensitize

Sen"si*tize (?), v. t. (Photog.) To render sensitive, or susceptible of being easily acted on by the actinic rays of the sun; as, sensitized paper or plate.

Sensitizer

Sen"si*ti`zer (?), n. (Photog.) An agent that sensitizes.
The sensitizer should be poured on the middle of the sheet. Wilis & Clements (The Platinotype).

Sensitory

Sen"si*to*ry (?), n. See Sensory.

Sensive

Sens"ive (?), a. Having sense or sensibility; sensitive. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

Sensor

Sen"sor (?), a. Sensory; as, the sensor nerves.

Sensorial

Sen*so"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sensorial. See Sensorium.] Of or pertaining to the sensorium; as, sensorial faculties, motions, powers. A. Tucker.

Sensorium

Sen*so"ri*um (?), n.; pl. E. Sensoriums (#), L. Sensoria (#). [L., fr. sentire, sensum, to discern or perceive by the senses.] (Physiol.) The seat of sensation; the nervous center or centers to which impressions from the external world must be conveyed before they can be perceived; the place where external impressions are localized, and transformed into sensations, prior to being reflected to other parts of the organism; hence, the whole nervous system, when animated, so far as it is susceptible of common or special sensations.

Sensori-volitional

Sen*so`ri-vo*li"tion*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Concerned both in sensation and volition; -- applied to those nerve fibers which pass to and from the cerebro-spinal axis, and are respectively concerned in sensation and volition. Dunglison.

Sensery

Sen"se*ry (?), n.; pl. Sensories (. (Physiol.) Same as Sensorium.

Sensory

Sen"so*ry, a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to the sensorium or sensation; as, sensory impulses; -- especially applied to those nerves and nerve fibers which convey to a nerve center impulses resulting in sensation; also sometimes loosely employed in the sense of afferent, to indicate nerve fibers which convey impressions of any kind to a nerve center.

Sensual

Sen"su*al (?), a. [L. sensualis, from sensus sense: cf. F. sensuel.]

1. Pertaining to, consisting in, or affecting, the sense, or bodily organs of perception; relating to, or concerning, the body, in distinction from the spirit.

Pleasing and sensual rites and ceremonies. Bacon.
Far as creation's ample range extends, The scale of sensual, mental powers ascends. Pope.

2. Hence, not spiritual or intellectual; carnal; fleshly; pertaining to, or consisting in, the gratification of the senses, or the indulgence of appetites; wordly.

These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. Jude 19.
The greatest part of men are such as prefer . . . that good which is sensual before whatsoever is most divine. Hooker.

3. Devoted to the pleasures of sense and appetite; luxurious; voluptuous; lewd; libidinous.

No small part of virtue consists in abstaining from that wherein sensual men place their felicity. Atterbury.

4. Pertaining or peculiar to the philosophical doctrine of sensualism.

Sensualism

Sen"su*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. sensualisme.]

1. The condition or character of one who is sensual; subjection to sensual feelings and appetite; sensuality.

2. (Philos.) The doctrine that all our ideas, or the operations of the understanding, not only originate in sensation, but are transformed sensations, copies or relics of sensations; sensationalism; sensism.

3. (Ethics) The regarding of the gratification of the senses as the highest good. Krauth-Fleming.

Sensualist

Sen"su*al*ist, n. [CF. F. sensualiste.]

1. One who is sensual; one given to the indulgence of the appetites or senses as the means of happiness.

2. One who holds to the doctrine of sensualism.

Sensualistic

Sen`su*al*is"tic (?), a.

1. Sensual.

2. Adopting or teaching the doctrines of sensualism.

Sensuality

Sen`su*al"i*ty (?), n. [CF. F. sensualit\'82, L. sensualitas sensibility, capacity for sensation.] The quality or state of being sensual; devotedness to the gratification of the bodily appetites; free indulgence in carnal or sensual pleasures; luxuriousness; voluptuousness; lewdness.
Those pampered animals That rage in savage sensuality. Shak.
They avoid dress, lest they should have affections tainted by any sensuality. Addison.

Sensualization

Sen`su*al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of sensualizing, or the state of being sensualized.

Sensualize

Sen"su*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sensualized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sensualizing (?).] To make sensual; to subject to the love of sensual pleasure; to debase by carnal gratifications; to carnalize; as, sensualized by pleasure. Pope.
By the neglect of prayer, the thoughts are sensualized. T. H. Skinner.

Sensually

Sen"su*al*ly, adv. In a sensual manner.

Sensualness

Sen"su*al*ness, n. Sensuality; fleshliness.

Sensuism

Sen"su*ism (?), n. Sensualism.

Sensuosity

Sen`su*os"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sensuous; sensuousness. [R.]

Sensuous

Sen"su*ous (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to the senses, or sensible objects; addressing the senses; suggesting pictures or images of sense.

To this poetry would be made precedent, as being less subtle and fine, but more simple, sensuous, and passionate. Milton.

2. Highly susceptible to influence through the senses. -- Sen"su*ous*ly (#), adv. -- Sen"su*ous*ness, n.

Sent

Sent (?), v. & n. See Scent, v. & n. [Obs.] Spenser.

Sent

Sent, obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Send, for sendeth.

Sent

Sent, imp. & p. p. of Send.

Sentence

Sen"tence (?), n. [F., from L. sententia, for sentientia, from sentire to discern by the senses and the mind, to feel, to think. See Sense, n., and cf. Sentiensi.]

1. Sense; meaning; significance. [Obs.]

Tales of best sentence and most solace. Chaucer.
The discourse itself, voluble enough, and full of sentence. Milton.

2. (a) An opinion; a decision; a determination; a judgment, especially one of an unfavorable nature.

My sentence is for open war. Milton.
That by them [Luther's works] we may pass sentence upon his doctrines. Atterbury.
(b) A philosophical or theological opinion; a dogma; as, Summary of the Sentences; Book of the Sentences.

3. (Law) In civil and admiralty law, the judgment of a court pronounced in a cause; in criminal and ecclesiastical courts, a judgment passed on a criminal by a court or judge; condemnation pronounced by a judgical tribunal; doom. In common law, the term is exclusively used to denote the judgment in criminal cases.

Received the sentence of the law. Shak.

4. A short saying, usually containing moral instruction; a maxim; an axiom; a saw. Broome.

5. (Gram.) A combination of words which is complete as expressing a thought, and in writing is marked at the close by a period, or full point. See Proposition, 4. &hand; Sentences are simple or compound. A simple sentence consists of one subject and one finite verb; as, "The Lord reigns." A compound sentence contains two or more subjects and finite verbs, as in this verse: -

He fills, he bounds, connects, and equals all. Pope.
Dark sentence, a saving not easily explained.
A king . . . understanding dark sentences. Dan. vii. 23.

Sentence

Sen"tence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sentenced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sentencing (?).]

1. To pass or pronounce judgment upon; to doom; to condemn to punishment; to prescribe the punishment of.

Nature herself is sentenced in your doom. Dryden.

2. To decree or announce as a sentence. [Obs.] Shak.

3. To utter sentenciously. [Obs.] Feltham.

Sentencer

Sen"ten*cer (?), n. One who pronounced a sentence or condemnation.

sentential

sen*ten"tial (?), a.

1. Comprising sentences; as, a sentential translation. Abp. Newcome.

2. Of or pertaining to a sentence, or full period; as, a sentential pause.

Sententially

Sen*ten"tial*ly, adv. In a sentential manner.

Sententiarist

Sen*ten"ti*a*rist (?), n. A sententiary. Barnas Sears (Life of Luther).

Sententiary

Sen*ten"ti*ary (?), n. [LL. sententiarius.] One who read lectures, or commented, on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, Bishop of Paris (1159-1160), a school divine. R. Henry.

Sententiosity

Sen*ten`ti*os"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sententious. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Sententious

Sen*ten"tious (?), a.[L. sentenciosus: cf. F. sentencieux.]

1. Abounding with sentences, axioms, and maxims; full of meaning; terse and energetic in expression; pithy; as, a sententious style or discourse; sententious truth.

How he apes his sire, Ambitiously sententious! Addison.

2. Comprising or representing sentences; sentential. [Obs.] "Sententious marks." Grew. --- Sen*ten"tious*ly, adv. -- Sen*ten"tious*ness, n.

Sentery

Sen"ter*y (?), n. A sentry. [Obs.] Milton.

Senteur

Sen"teur (?), n. [F.] Scent. [Obs.] Holland.

Sentience, Sentiency

Sen"ti*ence (?), Sen"ti*en*cy (?), n. [See Sentient, Sentence.] The quality or state of being sentient; esp., the quality or state of having sensation. G. H. Lewes
An example of harmonious action between the intelligence and the sentieny of the mind. Earle.

Sentient

Sen"ti*ent (?), a. [L. sentiens, -entis, p. pr. of sentire to discern or perceive by the senses. See Sense.] Having a faculty, or faculties, of sensation and perception. Specif. (Physiol.), especially sensitive; as, the sentient extremities of nerves, which terminate in the various organs or tissues.

Sentient

Sen"ti*ent, n. One who has the faculty of perception; a sentient being.

Sentiently

Sen"ti*ent*ly, adv. In a sentient or perceptive way.

Sentiment

Sen"ti*ment (?), n. [OE. sentement, OF. sentement, F. sentiment, fr. L. sentire to perceive by the senses and mind, to feel, to think. See Sentient, a.]

1. A thought prompted by passion or feeling; a state of mind in view of some subject; feeling toward or respecting some person or thing; disposition prompting to action or expression.

The word sentiment, agreeably to the use made of it by our best English writers, expresses, in my own opinion very happily, those complex determinations of the mind which result from the co\'94peration of our rational powers and of our moral feelings. Stewart.
Alike to council or the assembly came, With equal souls and sentiments the same. Pope.

2. Hence, generally, a decision of the mind formed by deliberation or reasoning; thought; opinion; notion; judgment; as, to express one's sentiments on a subject.

Sentiments of philosophers about the perception of external objects. Reid.
Sentiment, as here and elsewhere employed by Reid in the meaning of opinion (sententia), is not to be imitated. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. A sentence, or passage, considered as the expression of a thought; a maxim; a saying; a toast.

4. Sensibility; feeling; tender susceptibility.

Mr. Hume sometimes employs (after the manner of the French metaphysicians) sentiment as synonymous with feeling; a use of the word quite unprecedented in our tongue. Stewart.
Less of sentiment than sense. Tennyson.
Syn. -- Thought; opinion; notion; sensibility; feeling. -- Sentiment, Opinion, Feeling. An opinion is an intellectual judgment in respect to any and every kind of truth. Feeling describes those affections of pleasure and pain which spring from the exercise of our sentient and emotional powers. Sentiment (particularly in the plural) lies between them, denoting settled opinions or principles in regard to subjects which interest the feelings strongly, and are presented more or less constantly in practical life. Hence, it is more appropriate to speak of our religious sentiments than opinions, unless we mean to exclude all reference to our feelings. The word sentiment, in the singular, leans ordinarily more to the side of feeling, and denotes a refined sensibility on subjects affecting the heart. "On questions of feeling, taste, observation, or report, we define our sentiments. On questions of science, argument, or metaphysical abstraction, we define our opinions. The sentiments of the heart. The opinions of the mind . . . There is more of instinct in sentiment, and more of definition in opinion. The admiration of a work of art which results from first impressions is classed with our sentiments; and, when we have accounted to ourselves for the approbation, it is classed with our opinions." W. Taylor.

Sentimental

Sen`ti*men"tal (?), a. [Cf. F. sentimental.]

1. Having, expressing, or containing a sentiment or sentiments; abounding with moral reflections; containing a moral reflection; didactic. [Obsoles.]

Nay, ev'n each moral sentimental stroke, Where not the character, but poet, spoke, He lopped, as foreign to his chaste design, Nor spared a useless, though a golden line. Whitehead.

2. Inclined to sentiment; having an excess of sentiment or sensibility; indulging the sensibilities for their own sake; artificially or affectedly tender; -- often in a reproachful sense.

A sentimental mind is rather prone to overwrought feeling and exaggerated tenderness. Whately.

3. Addressed or pleasing to the emotions only, usually to the weaker and the unregulated emotions. Syn. -- Romantic. -- Sentimental, Romantic. Sentimental usually describes an error or excess of the sensibilities; romantic, a vice of the imagination. The votary of the former gives indulgence to his sensibilities for the mere luxury of their excitement; the votary of the latter allows his imagination to rove for the pleasure of creating scenes of ideal enjoiment. "Perhaps there is no less danger in works called sentimental. They attack the heart more successfully, because more cautiously." V. Knox. "I can not but look on an indifferency of mind, as to the good or evil things of this life, as a mere romantic fancy of such who would be thought to be much wiser than they ever were, or could be." Bp. Stillingfleet.

Sentimentalism

Sen`ti*men"tal*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. sentimentalisme.] The quality of being sentimental; the character or behavior of a sentimentalist; sentimentality.

Sentimentalist

Sen`ti*men"tal*ist, n. [Cf. F. sentimentaliste.] One who has, or affects, sentiment or fine feeling.

Sentimentality

Sen`ti*men*tal"i*ty (?), n. [CF. F. sentimentalit\'82.] The quality or state of being sentimental.

Sentimentalize

Sen`ti*men"tal*ize (?), v. t. To regard in a sentimental manner; as, to sentimentalize a subject.

Sentimentalize

Sen`ti*men"tal*ize, v. i. To think or act in a sentimental manner, or like a sentimentalist; to affect exquisite sensibility. C. Kingsley.

Sentimentally

Sen`ti*men"tal*ly, adv. In a sentimental manner.

Sentine

Sen"tine (?), n. [L. sentina bilge water, hold of a ship, dregs: cf. F. sentine.] A place for dregs and dirt; a sink; a sewer. [Obs.] Latimer.

Sentinel

Sen"ti*nel, n. [F. sentinelle (cf. It. sentinella); probably originally, a litle path, the sentinel's beat,, and a dim. of a word meaning, path; cf. F. sente path. L. semita; and OF. sentine, sentele, senteret, diminutive words. Cf. Sentry.]

1. One who watches or guards; specifically (Mil.), a soldier set to guard an army, camp, or other place, from surprise, to observe the approach of danger, and give notice of it; a sentry.

The sentinels who paced the ramparts. Macaulay.

2. Watch; guard. [Obs.] "That princes do keep due sentinel." Bacon.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A marine crab (Podophthalmus vigil) native of the Indian Ocean, remarkable for the great length of its eyestalks; -- called also sentinel crab.

Sentinel

Sen"ti*nel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sentineled (?) or Sentinelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Sentineling or Sentinelling.]

1. To watch over like a sentinel. "To sentinel enchanted land." [R.] Sir W. Scott.

2. To furnish with a sentinel; to place under the guard of a sentinel or sentinels.

Sentisection

Sen`ti*sec"tion (?), n. [L. sentire to feel + E. section.] Painful vivisection; -- opposed to callisection. B. G. Wilder.

Sentry

Sen"try (?), n.; pl. Sentires (#). [Probably from OF. senteret a little patch; cf. F. sentier path, and OF. sente. See Sentinel.]

1. (Mil.) A soldier placed on guard; a sentinel.

2. Guard; watch, as by a sentinel.

Here toils, and death, and death's half-brother, sleep, Forms terrible to view, their sentry keep. Dryden.
Sentry box, a small house or box to cover a sentinel at his post, and shelter him from the weather.

Senza

Sen"za (?), prep. [It.] (Mus.) Without; as, senza stromenti, without instruments.

Sepal

Se"pal (?), n. [NL. sepalum, formed in imitation of NL. petalum, petal, to denote one of the divisions of the calyx: cf. F. s\'82pale.] (Bot.) A leaf or division of the calyx. &hand; When the calyx consists of but one part, it is said to be monosepalous; when of two parts, it is said to be disepalous; when of a variable and indefinite number of parts, it is said to be polysepalous; when of several parts united, it is properly called gamosepalous.
Page 1312

Sepaled

Se"paled (?), a. (Bot.) Having one or more sepals.

Sepaline

Sep"al*ine (?), a. (Bot.) Relating to, or having the nature of, sepals.

Sepalody

Se*pal"o*dy (?), n. [Sepal + Gr. (Bot.) The metamorphosis of other floral organs into sepals or sepaloid bodies.

Sepaloid

Sep"al*oid (?), a. [Sepal + -oid.] (Bot.) Like a sepal, or a division of a calyx.

Sepalous

Sep"al*ous (?), a. (Bot.) Having, or relating to, sepals; -- used mostly in composition. See under Sepal.

Separability

Sep`a*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. Quality of being separable or divisible; divisibility; separableness.

Separable

Sep"a*ra*ble (?), a. [L. separabilis: cf. F. s\'82parable.] Capable of being separated, disjoined, disunited, or divided; as, the separable parts of plants; qualities not separable from the substance in which they exist. -- Sep"a*ra*ble*ness, n. -- Sep"a*ra*bly, adv.
Trials permit me not to doubt of the separableness of a yellow tincture from gold. Boyle.

Separate

Sep"a*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Separated (; p. pr. & vb. n. Separating.] [L. separatus, p. p. of separare to separate; pfref. se- aside + parare to make ready, prepare. See Parade, and cf. Sever.]

1. To disunite; to divide; to disconnect; to sever; to part in any manner.

From the fine gold I separate the alloy. Dryden.
Separate thyself, I pray thee, from me. Gen. xiii. 9.
Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Rom. viii. 35.

2. To come between; to keep apart by occupying the space between; to lie between; as, the Mediterranean Sea separates Europe and Africa.

3. To set apart; to select from among others, as for a special use or service.

Separate me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called thaem. Acts xiii. 2.
Separated flowers (Bot.), flowers which have stamens and pistils in separate flowers; diclinous flowers. Gray.

Separate

Sep"a*rate, v. i. To part; to become disunited; to be disconnected; to withdraw from one another; as, the family separated.

Separate

Sep"a*rate (?), p. a. [L. separatus, p. p. ]

1. Divided from another or others; disjoined; disconnected; separated; -- said of things once connected.

Him that was separate from his brethren. Gen. xlix. 26.

2. Unconnected; not united or associated; distinct; -- said of things that have not been connected.

For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinnere. Heb. vii. 26.

3. Disunited from the body; disembodied; as, a separate spirit; the separate state of souls. Separate estate (Law), an estate limited to a married woman independent of her husband. -- Separate maintenance (Law), an allowance made to a wife by her husband under deed of separation. -- Sep"a*rate*ly, adv. -- Sep"a*rate*ness, n.

Separatical

Sep`a*rat"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to separatism in religion; schismatical. [R.] Dr. T. Dwight.

Separating

Sep"a*ra`ting (?), a. Designed or employed to separate. Separating funnel (Chem.), a funnel, often globe-shaped, provided with a stopcock for the separate drawing off of immiscible liquids of different specific gravities.

Separation

Sep`a*ra"tion (?), n. [L. separatio: cf. F. s\'82paration.] The act of separating, or the state of being separated, or separate. Specifically: (a) Chemical analysis. (b) Divorce. (c) (Steam Boilers) The operation of removing water from steam. Judicial separation (Law), a form of divorce; a separation of man and wife which has the effect of making each a single person for all legal purposes but without ability to contract a new marriage. Mozley & W.

Separatism

Sep"a*ra*tism (?), n. [CF. F. s\'82paratisme.] The character or act of a separatist; disposition to withdraw from a church; the practice of so withdrawing.

Separatist

Sep`a*ra*tist (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82paratiste.] One who withdraws or separates himself; especially, one who withdraws from a church to which he has belonged; a seceder from an established church; a dissenter; a nonconformist; a schismatic; a sectary.
Heavy fines on divines who should preach in any meeting of separatist . Macaulay.

Separatistic

Sep`a*ra*tis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to separatists; characterizing separatists; schismatical.

Separative

Sep"a*ra*tive (?), a. [L. separativus.] Causing, or being to cause, separation. "Separative virtue of extreme cold." Boyle.

Separator

Sep"a*ra`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, separates. Specifically: (a) (Steam Boilers) A device for depriving steam of particles of water mixed with it. (b) (Mining) An apparatus for sorting pulverized ores into grades, or separating them from gangue. (c) (Weaving) An instrument used for spreading apart the threads of the warp in the loom, etc.

Separatory

Sep"a*ra*to*ry (?), a. Separative. Cheyne.

Separatory

Sep"a*ra*to*ry, n. [Cf. F. s\'82paratoire.]

1. (Chem.) An apparatus used in separating, as a separating funnel.

2. (Surg.) A surgical instrument for separating the pericranium from the cranium. [Obs.]

Separatrix

Sep`a*ra"trix (?), n.; pl. L. -trices (#), E. -trixes (#). [L., she that separates.] (Arith.) The decimal point; the dot placed at the left of a decimal fraction, to separate it from the whole number which it follows. The term is sometimes also applied to other marks of separation.

Sepawn

Se*pawn" (?), n. See Supawn. [Local, U.S.]

Sepelible

Sep"e*li*ble (?), a. [L. sepelibilis, fr. sepelire to bury.] Admitting of burial. [Obs.] Bailey.

Sepelition

Sep`e*li"tion (?), n. Burial. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Sephen

Se"phen (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large sting ray of the genus Trygon, especially T. sephen of the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. The skin is an article of commerce.

Sepia

Se"pi*a (?), n.; pl. E. Sepias (#), L. Sepi\'91 (#). [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common European cuttlefish. (b) A genus comprising the common cuttlefish and numerous similar species. See Illustr. under Cuttlefish.

2. A pigment prepared from the ink, or black secretion, of the sepia, or cuttlefish. Treated with caustic potash, it has a rich brown color; and this mixed with a red forms Roman sepia. Cf. India ink, under India. Sepia drawing ∨ picture, a drawing in monochrome, made in sepia alone, or in sepia with other brown pigments.

Sepia

Se"pi*a, a. Of a dark brown color, with a little red in its composition; also, made of, or done in, sepia.

Sepic

Se"pic (?), a. Of or pertaining to sepia; done in sepia; as, a sepic drawing.

Sepidaceous

Sep`i*da"ceous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the cuttlefishes of the genus Sepia.

Sepiment

Sep"i*ment (?), n. [L. sepimentum, saepimentum, from sepire, saepire, to hedge in.] Something that separates; a hedge; a fence. [R.] Bailey.

Sepiolite

Se"pi*o*lite` (?), n. [Septa + -lite.] (Min.) Meerschaum. See Meerschaum.

Sepiostare

Se"pi*o*stare` (?), n. [Sepia + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The bone or shell of cuttlefish. See Illust. under Cuttlefish.

Sepon

Se*pon" (#), n. See Supawn. [Local, U.S.]

Sepose

Se*pose" (?), v. t. [L. pref se- aside + E. pose.] To set apart. [Obs.] Donne.

Seposit

Se*pos"it (?), v. t. [L. sepositus, p. p. of seponere to set aside.] To set aside; to give up. [Obs.]

Seposition

Sep`o*si"tion (, n. [L. sepositio.] The act of setting aside, or of giving up. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Sepoy

Se"poy (?), n. [Per. sip\'beh\'c6, fr. sip\'beh an army. Cf. Spahi.] A native of India employed as a soldier in the service of a European power, esp. of Great Britain; an Oriental soldier disciplined in the European manner.

Seppuku

Sep*pu"ku (?), n. Same as Hara-kiri.
Seppuku, or hara-kiri, also came into vogue. W. E. Griffis.

Sepsin

Sep"sin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A soluble poison (ptomaine) present in putrid blood. It is also formed in the putrefaction of proteid matter in general.

Sepsis

Sep"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) The poisoning of the system by the introduction of putrescent material into the blood.

Sept

Sept (?), n. [A corruption of sect, n.] A clan, tribe, or family, proceeding from a common progenitor; -- used especially of the ancient clans in Ireland.
The chief, struck by the illustration, asked at once to be baptized, and all his sept followed his example. S. Lover.

Sept\'91mia

Sep*t\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Septic\'91mia.

Septal

Sep"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a septum or septa, as of a coral or a shell.

Septane

Sep"tane (?), n. [L. septem seven.] (Chem.) See Heptane. [R.]

Septangle

Sep"tan`gle (?), n. [Septi- + angle.] (Geom.) A figure which has seven angles; a heptagon. [R.]

Septangular

Sep*tan"gu*lar (?), a. Heptagonal.

Septarium

Sep*ta"ri*um (?), n.;pl. Septaria (#). [NL., fr. L. septum, saeptum, an inclosure, a partition, fr. sepire, saepire, to inclose.] (Geol.) A flattened concretionary nodule, usually of limestone, intersected within by cracks which are often filled with calcite, barite, or other minerals.

Septate

Sep"tate (?), a. [L. septum, saeptum, partition.] Divided by partition or partitions; having septa; as, a septate pod or shell.

September

Sep*tem"ber (?), n. [L., fr. septem seven, as being the seventh month of the Roman year, which began with March: cf. F. septembre. See Seven.] The ninth month of the year, containing thurty days.

Septemberer

Sep*tem"ber*er (?), n. A Setembrist. Carlyle.

Septembrist

Sep*tem"brist (?), n. [F. septembriste.] An agent in the massacres in Paris, committed in patriotic frenzy, on the 22d of September, 1792.

Septemfluous

Sep*tem"flu*ous (?), a.[L. septemfluus; septem seven + fluere to flow.] Flowing sevenfold; divided into seven streams or currents. [R.] Fuller.

Septempartite

Sep*tem"par*tite (?), a. [L. septem seven + E. partite.] Divided nearly to the base into seven parts; as, a septempartite leaf.

Septemtrioun

Sep*tem"tri*oun (?), n. Septentrion. [Obs.]

Septemvir

Sep*tem"vir (?), n.; pl. E. Septemvirs (#), L. Septemviri (#). [L. septemviri, pl.; septem seven + viri, pl. of vir man.] (Rom. Hist.) One of a board of seven men associated in some office.

Septemvirate

Sep*tem"vi*rate (?), n.[L. septemviratus.] The office of septemvir; a government by septimvirs.

Septenary

Sep"ten*a*ry (?), a. [L. septenairus, from septeni seven each, septem seven: cf. F. sept\'82naire. See Seven. ]

1. Consisting of, or relating to, seven; as, a septenary number. I. Watts.

2. Lasting seven years; continuing seven years. "Septenary penance." Fuller.

Septenary

Sep"ten*a*ry, n. The number seven. [R.] Holinshed.

Septenate

Sep"ten*ate (?), a. [L. septeni seven each.] (Bot.) Having parts in sevens; heptamerous.

Septennate

Sep*ten"nate (?), n. [F. septennat.] A period of seven years; as, the septennate during which the President of the French Republic holds office.

Septennial

Sep*ten"ni*al (?), a. [L. septennium a period of seven years; septem seven + annus year. See Seven, and Annual.]

1. Lasting or continuing seven years; as, septennial parliaments.

2. Happening or returning once in every seven years; as, septennial elections in England.

Septennially

Sep*ten"ni*al*ly, adv. Once in seven years.

Septentrial

Sep*ten"tri*al (?), a. Septentrional. Drayton.

Septentrio

Sep*ten"tri*o (?), n. [L. See Septentrion.] (Astron.) The constellation Ursa Major.

Septentrion

Sep*ten"tri*on (?), n. [L. septentrio the northern regions, the north, fr. septentriones the seven stars near the north pole, called Charles's Wain, or the Great Bear, also those called the Little Bear; properly, the seven plow oxen; septem seven + trio, orig., a plow ox: cf. F. septentrion.] The north or northern regions. Shak.
Both East West, South and Septentrioun. Chaucer.

Septentrion, Septentrional

Sep*ten"tri*on (?), Sep*ten"tri*on*al (?), a. [L. septentrionalis: cf. F. septentrional.] Of or pertaining to the north; northern. "From cold septentrion blasts." Milton.

Septentrionality

Sep*ten`tri*on*al"i*ty (?), n. Northerliness.

Septentrionally

Sep*ten"tri*on*al*ly (?), adv. Northerly.

Septentrionate

Sep*ten"tri*on*ate (?), v. i. To tend or point toward the north; to north. Sir T. Browne.

Septet, Septette

Sep*tet", Sep*tette" (?), n. [From L. septem seven, like duet, from L. duo.]

1. A set of seven persons or objects; as, a septet of singers.

2. (Mus.) A musical composition for seven instruments or seven voices; -- called also septuor.

Septfoil

Sept"foil (?), n. [F. sept seven (L. septem) + E. foil leaf: cf. L. septifolium.]

1. (Bot.) A European herb, the tormentil. See Tormentil.

2. (Arch.) An ornamental foliation having seven lobes. Cf. Cinquefoil, Quarterfoil, and Trefoil.

3. (Eccl.Art.) A typical figure, consisting of seven equal segments of a circle, used to denote the gifts of the Holy Chost, the seven sacraments as recognized by the Roman Catholic Church, etc. [R.]

Septi-

Sep"ti- (?), [L. septem seven.] A combining form meaning seven; as, septifolious, seven-leaved; septi-lateral, seven-sided.

Septic

Sep"tic (?), a. [Septi- + -ic.] (Math.) Of the seventh degree or order. -- n. (Alg.) A quantic of the seventh degree.

Septic, Septical

Sep"tic (?), Sep"tic*al (?), a. [L. septicus, Gr. septique.] Having power to promote putrefaction.

Septic

Sep"tic, n. A substance that promotes putrefaction.

Septic\'91mia

Sep`ti*c\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) A poisoned condition of the blood produced by the absorption into it of septic or putrescent material; blood poisoning. It is marked by chills, fever, prostration, and inflammation of the different serous membranes and of the lungs, kidneys, and other organs. <-- Now septicemia. A condition caused by bacterial infection, the effects being mediated by the release of toxins by bacteria, within the circulation. (local infection is sepsis) Also septemia, septic fever, hematosepsis, sapremia -->

Septically

Sep"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In a septic manner; in a manner tending to promote putrefaction.

Septicidal

Sep"ti*ci`dal (?), a. [Septum + L. caedere to cut: cf. F. septicide.] (Bot.) Dividing the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence in which a pod splits through the partitions and is divided into its component carpels.

Septicity

Sep*tic"i*ty (?), n. [See Septic.] Tendency to putrefaction; septic quality.

Septifarious

Sep`ti*fa"ri*ous (?), a. [L. septifariam sevenfold. Cf. Bifarious.] (Bot.) Turned in seven different ways.

Septiferous

Sep*tif"er*ous (?), a. [Septum + -ferous: cf. F. septif\'8are.] (Bot.) Bearing a partition; -- said of the valves of a capsule.

Septiferous

Sep*tif"er*ous, a. [Gr. -ferous.] Conveying putrid poison; as, the virulence of septiferous matter.

Septifluous

Sep*tif"lu*ous (?), a. [CF. Septemfluous.] Flowing in seven streams; septemfluous.

Septifolious

Sep`ti*fo"li*ous (?), a. [Septi- + L. folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having seven leaves.

Septiform

Sep"ti*form (?), a. [Septum + -form.] Having the form of a septum.

Septifragal

Sep*tif"ra*gal (?), a. [Septum + L. frangere, fractum, to break.] (Bot.) Breaking from the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence in which the valves of a pod break away from the partitions, and these remain attached to the common axis.

Septilateral

Sep`ti*lat"er*al (?), a. [Septi- + lateral.] Having seven sides; as, a septilateral figure.

Septillion

Sep*til"lion (?), n. [F. septilion, formed fr. L. septem seven, in imitation of million.] According to the French method of numeration (which is followed also in the United States), the number expressed by a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. According to the English method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-two ciphers annexed. See Numeration.

Septimole

Sep"ti*mole (?), n. [L. septem seven.] (Mus.) A group of seven notes to be played in the time of four or six.

Septinsular

Sep*tin"su*lar (?), a. [Septi- + insular.] Consisting of seven islands; as, the septinsular republic of the Ionian Isles.

Septisyllable

Sep"ti*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Septi- + syllable.] A word of seven syllables.

Septoic

Sep*to"ic (?), a. [L. septem seven.] (Chem.) See Heptoic. [R.]

Septomaxillary

Sep`to*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the nasal septum and the maxilla; situated in the region of these parts. -- n. A small bone between the nasal septum and the maxilla in many reptiles and amphibians.

Septuagenarian

Sep`tu*a*ge*na"ri*an (?), n. A person who is seventy years of age; a septuagenary.

Septuagenary

Sep`tu*ag"e*na*ry (?), a. [L. septuagenarius, fr. septuageny seventy each; akin to septuaginta seventy, septem seven. See Seven.] Consisting of seventy; also, seventy years old. -- n. A septuagenarian.

Septuagesima

Sep`tu*a*ges"i*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. L. septuagesimus the seventieth, fr. septuaginta seventy.] (Eccl.) The third Sunday before Lent; -- so called because it is about seventy days before Easter.
Page 1313

Septuagesimal

Sep`tu*a*ges"i*mal (?), a. Consisting of seventy days, years, etc.; reckoned by seventies.
Our abridged and septuagesimal age. Sir T. Browne.

Septuagint

Sep"tu*a*gint (?), n. [From L. septuaginta seventy.] A Greek version of the Old Testament; -- so called because it was believed to be the work of seventy (or rather of seventy-two) translators. &hand; The causes which produced it [the Septuagint], the number and names of the translators, the times at which different portions were translated, are all uncertain. The only point in which all agree is that Alexandria was the birthplace of the version. On one other point there is a near agreement, namely, as to time, that the version was made, or at least commenced, in the time of the early Ptolemies, in the first half of the third century b.c. Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.) Septuagint chronology, the chronology founded upon the dates of the Septuagint, which makes 1500 years more from the creation to Abraham than the Hebrew Bible.

Septuary

Sep"tu*a*ry (?), n. [L. septem seven.] Something composed of seven; a week. [R.] Ash.

Septulate

Sep"tu*late (?), a. [Dim. fr. septum.] (Bot.) Having imperfect or spurious septa.

Septulum

Sep"tu*lum (?), n.; pl. Septula (#). [NL., dim. of L. septum septum.] (Anat.) A little septum; a division between small cavities or parts.

Septum

Sep"tum (?), n.; pl. Septa (#). [L. septum, saeptum, an inclosure, hedge, fence, fr. sepire, saepire, to hedge in, inclose.]

1. A wall separating two cavities; a partition; as, the nasal septum.

2. (Bot.) A partition that separates the cells of a fruit.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the radial calcareous plates of a coral. (b) One of the transverse partitions dividing the shell of a mollusk, or of a rhizopod, into several chambers. See Illust. under Nautilus. (c) One of the transverse partitions dividing the body cavity of an annelid.

Septuor

Sep"tu*or (?), n. [F.] (Mus.) A septet.

Septuple

Sep"tu*ple (?), a. [LL. septuplus; cf. Gr. septuple. Cf. Double, Quadruple.] Seven times as much; multiplied by seven; sevenfold.

Septuple

Sep"tu*ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Septupled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Septupling (?).] To multiply by seven; to make sevenfold. Sir J. Herschel.

Sepulcher, Sepulchre

Sep"ul*cher, Sep"ul*chre (?), n. [OE. sepulcre, OF. sepulcre, F. s\'82pulcre, fr. L. sepulcrum, sepulchrum, fr. sepelire to bury.] The place in which the dead body of a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a grave; a tomb.
The stony entrance of this sepulcher. Shak.
The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulcher. John xx. 1.
A whited sepulcher. Fig.: Any person who is fair outwardly but unclean or vile within. See Matt. xxiii.27.

Sepulcher, Sepulchre

Sep"ul*cher, Sep"ul*chre (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sepulchered (?) or Sepulchred (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sepulchering (?) or Sepulchring (.] To bury; to inter; to entomb; as, obscurely sepulchered.
And so sepulchered in such pomp dost lie That kings for such a tomb would wish to die. Milton.

Sepulchral

Se*pul"chral (?), a. [L. sepulcralis: cf. F. s\'82pulcral.]

1. Of or pertaining to burial, to the grave, or to monuments erected to the memory of the dead; as, a sepulchral stone; a sepulchral inscription.

2. Unnaturally low and grave; hollow in tone; -- said of sound, especially of the voice.

This exaggerated dulling of the voice . . . giving what is commonly called a sepulchral tone. H. Sweet.

Sepulture

Sep"ul*ture (?), n. [F. s\'82pulture, L. sepultura, fr. sepelire, sepultum, to bury.]

1. The act of depositing the dead body of a human being in the grave; burial; interment.

Where we may royal sepulture prepare. Dryden.

2. A sepulcher; a grave; a place of burial.

Drunkeness that the horrible sepulture of man's reason. Chaucer.

Sequacious

Se*qua"cious (?), a. [L. sequax, -acis, fr. suquit to follow. See Sue to follow. ]

1. Inclined to follow a leader; following; attendant.

Trees uprooted left their place, Sequacious of the lyre. Dryden.

2. Hence, ductile; malleable; pliant; manageable.

In the greater bodies the forge was easy, the matter being ductile and sequacious. Ray.

3. Having or observing logical sequence; logically consistent and rigorous; consecutive in development or transition of thought.

The scheme of pantheistic omniscience so prevalent among the sequacious thinkers of the day. Sir W. Hamilton.
Milton was not an extensive or discursive thinker, as Shakespeare was; for the motions of his mind were slow, solemn, and sequacious, like those of the planets. De Quincey.

Sequaciousness

Se*qua"cious*ness, n. Quality of being sequacious.

Sequacity

Se*quac"i*ty (?), n. [L. sequacitas.] Quality or state of being sequacious; sequaciousness. Bacon.

Sequel

Se"quel (?), n. [L. sequela, fr. sequit to follow: cf. F. s\'82quelle a following. See Sue to follow.]

1. That which follows; a succeeding part; continuation; as, the sequel of a man's advantures or history.

O, let me say no more! Gather the sequel by that went before. Shak.

2. Consequence; event; effect; result; as, let the sun cease, fail, or swerve, and the sequel would be ruin.

3. Conclusion; inference. [R.] Whitgift.

Sequela

Se*que"la (?), n.; pl. Sequel\'91 (#). [L., a follower, a result, from sequit to follow.] One who, or that which, follows. Specifically: (a) An adherent, or a band or sect of adherents. "Coleridge and his sequela." G. P. Marsh. (b) That which follows as the logical result of reasoning; inference; conclusion; suggestion.
Sequel\'91, or thoughts suggested by the preceding aphorisms. Coleridge.
(c) (Med.) A morbid phenomenon left as the result of a disease; a disease resulting from another.

Sequence

Se"quence (?), n. [F. s\'82quence, L. sequentia, fr. sequens. See Sequent.]

1. The state of being sequent; succession; order of following; arrangement.

How art thou a king But by fair sequence and succession? Shak.
Sequence and series of the seasons of the year. Bacon.

2. That which follows or succeeds as an effect; sequel; consequence; result.

The inevitable sequences of sin and punishment. Bp. Hall.

3. (Philos.) Simple succession, or the coming after in time, without asserting or implying causative energy; as, the reactions of chemical agents may be conceived as merely invariable sequences.

4. (Mus.) (a) Any succession of chords (or harmonic phrase) rising or falling by the regular diatonic degrees in the same scale; a succession of similar harmonic steps. (b) A melodic phrase or passage successively repeated one tone higher; a rosalia.

5. (R.C.Ch.) A hymn introduced in the Mass on certain festival days, and recited or sung immediately before the gospel, and after the gradual or introit, whence the name. Bp. Fitzpatrick.

Originally the sequence was called a Prose, because its early form was rhythmical prose. Shipley.

6. (Card Playing) (a) (Whist) Three or more cards of the same suit in immediately consecutive order of value; as, ace, king, and queen; or knave, ten, nine, and eight. (b) (Poker) All five cards, of a hand, in consecutive order as to value, but not necessarily of the same suit; when of one suit, it is called a sequence flush. <-- sequence is usu. called a run, and five are now called straight and straight flush -->

Sequent

Se"quent (?), a. [L. sequens, -entis, p. pr. of sequi to follow. See Sue to follow.]

1. Following; succeeding; in continuance.

What to this was sequent Thou knowest already. Shak.

2. Following as an effect; consequent.

Sequent

Se"quent, n.

1. A follower. [R.] Shak.

2. That which follows as a result; a sequence.

Sequential

Se*quen"tial (?), a. Succeeding or following in order. -- Se*quen"tial*ly, adv.

Sequester

Se*ques"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sequestered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sequestering.] [F. s\'82questrer, L. sequestrare to give up for safe keeping, from sequester a depositary or trustee in whose hands the thing contested was placed until the dispute was settled. Cf. Sequestrate.]

1. (Law) To separate from the owner for a time; to take from parties in controversy and put into the possession of an indifferent person; to seize or take possession of, as property belonging to another, and hold it till the profits have paid the demand for which it is taken, or till the owner has performed the decree of court, or clears himself of contempt; in international law, to confiscate.

Formerly the goods of a defendant in chancery were, in the last resort, sequestered and detained to enforce the decrees of the court. And now the profits of a benefice are sequestered to pay the debts of ecclesiastics. Blackstone.

2. To cause (one) to submit to the process of sequestration; to deprive (one) of one's estate, property, etc.

It was his tailor and his cook, his fine fashions and his French ragouts, which sequestered him. South.

3. To set apart; to put aside; to remove; to separate from other things.

I had wholly sequestered my civil affairss. Bacon.

4. To cause to retire or withdraw into obscurity; to seclude; to withdraw; -- often used reflexively.

When men most sequester themselves from action. Hooker.
A love and desire to sequester a man's self for a higher conversation. Bacon.
<-- 5. (Chem.) To bind, so as to make [a metal ion] unavailable in its normal form; -- said of chelating agents, such as EDTA, which, in a solution, bind tightly to multivalent metal cations, thereby lowering their effective concentration in solution. Compounds employed particularly for this purpose are called sequestering agents, or chelating agents. In biochemistry, sequestration is one means of reversibly inhibiting enzymes which depend on divalent metal cations (such as Magnesium) for their activity. Such agents are used, for example, to help preserve blood for storage and subsequent use in transfusion. -->

Sequester

Se*ques"ter, v. i.

1. To withdraw; to retire. [Obs.]

To sequester out of the world into Atlantic and Utopian politics. Milton.

2. (Law) To renounce (as a widow may) any concern with the estate of her husband.

Sequester

Se*ques"ter, n.

1. Sequestration; separation. [R.]

2. (Law) A person with whom two or more contending parties deposit the subject matter of the controversy; one who mediates between two parties; a mediator; an umpire or referee. Bouvier.

3. (Med.) Same as Sequestrum.

Sequestered

Se*ques"tered (?), a. Retired; secluded. "Sequestered scenes." Cowper.
Along the cool, sequestered vale of life. Gray.

Sequestrable

Se*ques"tra*ble (?), a. Capable of being sequestered; subject or liable to sequestration.

Sequestral

Se*ques"tral (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a sequestrum. Quian.

Sequestrate

Se*ques"trate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sequestrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Sequestrating.] To sequester.

Seguestration

Seg`ues*tra"tion (?), n. [L. sequestratio: cf. F. s\'82questration.]

1. (a) (Civil & Com. Law) The act of separating, or setting aside, a thing in controversy from the possession of both the parties that contend for it, to be delivered to the one adjudged entitled to it. It may be voluntary or involuntary. (b) (Chancery) A prerogative process empowering certain commissioners to take and hold a defendant's property and receive the rents and profits thereof, until he clears himself of a contempt or performs a decree of the court. (c) (Eccl. Law) A kind of execution for a rent, as in the case of a beneficed clerk, of the profits of a benefice, till he shall have satisfied some debt established by decree; the gathering up of the fruits of a benefice during a vacancy, for the use of the next incumbent; the disposing of the goods, by the ordinary, of one who is dead, whose estate no man will meddle with. Craig. Tomlins. Wharton. (d) (Intrnat. Law) The seizure of the property of an individual for the use of the state; particularly applied to the seizure, by a belligerent power, of debts due from its subjects to the enemy. Burrill.

2. The state of being separated or set aside; separation; retirement; seclusion from society.

Since Henry Monmouth first began to reign, . . . This loathsome sequestration have I had. Shak.

3. Disunion; disjunction. [Obs.] Boyle. <-- 4. (Chem.) the act or process of sequestering (v. t. sense 5) -->

Sequestrator

Seq"ues*tra`tor (?), n. [L., one that hinders or impedes.] (Law) (a) One who sequesters property, or takes the possession of it for a time, to satisfy a demand out of its rents or profits. (b) One to whom the keeping of sequestered property is committed.

Sequestrum

Se*ques"trum (?), n.; pl. Sequestra (#). [NL. See Sequester.] (Med.) A portion of dead bone which becomes separated from the sound portion, as in necrosis.

Sequin

Se"quin (?), n. [F. sequin, It. zecchino, from zecca the mint, fr. Ar. sekkah, sikkah, a die, a stamp. Cf. Zechin.] An old gold coin of Italy and Turkey. It was first struck at Venice about the end of the 13th century, and afterward in the other Italian cities, and by the Levant trade was introduced into Turkey. It is worth about 9s. 3d. sterling, or about $2.25. The different kinds vary somewhat in value. [Written also chequin, and zequin.]

Sequoia

Se*quoi"a (?), n. [NL. So called by Dr. Endlicher in honor of Sequoyah, who invented the Cherokee alphabet.] (Bot.) A genus of coniferous trees, consisting of two species, Sequoia Washingtoniana, syn. S. gigantea, the "big tree" of California, and S. sempervirens, the redwood, both of which attain an immense height.

Sequoi\'89ne

Se*quoi"\'89ne (?), n. (Chem.) A hydrocarbon (C13H10) obtained in white fluorescent crystals, in the distillation products of the needles of the California "big tree" (Sequoia gigantea).

Seraglio

Se*ragl"io (?), n. [It. serraglio, originally, an inclosure of palisades, afterwards also, a palace, seraglio (by confusion with Per. ser\'be\'8ba a palace, an entirely different word), fr. serrare to shut, fr. LL. serra a bar for fastening doors, L. sera. See Serry, Series.]

1. An inclosure; a place of separation. [Obs.]

I went to the Ghetto, where the Jews dwell as in a suburb, by themselves. I passed by the piazza Judea, where their seraglio begins. Evelyn.

2. The palace of the Grand Seignior, or Turkish sultan, at Constantinople, inhabited by the sultan himself, and all the officers and dependents of his court. In it are also kept the females of the harem.

3. A harem; a place for keeping wives or concubines; sometimes, loosely, a place of licentious pleasure; a house of debauchery.

Serai

Se*ra"i (?), n. [Per. ser\'be\'8b, or sar\'be\'8b, a palace, a king's court, a seraglio, an inn. Cf. Caravansary.] A palace; a seraglio; also, in the East, a place for the accommodation of travelers; a caravansary, or rest house.

Seralbumen

Ser`al*bu"men (?), n. (Physiol. CHem.) Serum albumin.

Serang

Se*rang" (?), n. [Per. sarhang a commander.] The boatswain of a Lascar or East Ondian crew.

Serape

Se*ra"pe (?), n. [Sp. Amer. sarape.] A blanket or shawl worn as an outer garment by the Spanish Americans, as in Mexico.

Seraph

Ser"aph (?), n.; pl. E. Seraphs (#), Heb. Seraphim (#). [Heb. ser\'bephim, pl.] One of an order of celestial beings, each having three pairs of wings. In ecclesiastical art and in poetry, a seraph is represented as one of a class of angels. Isa. vi. 2.
As full, as perfect, in vile man that mourns, As the rapt seraph that adores and burns. Pope.
Seraph moth (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of geometrid moths of the genus Lobophora, having the hind wings deeply bilobed, so that they seem to have six wings.

Seraphic, Seraphical

Se*raph"ic (?), Se*raph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82raphique.] Of or pertaining to a seraph; becoming, or suitable to, a seraph; angelic; sublime; pure; refined. "Seraphic arms and trophies." Milton. "Seraphical fervor." Jer. Taylor. -- Se*raph"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Se*raph"ic*al*ness, n.

Seraphicism

Se*raph"i*cism (?), n. The character, quality, or state of a seraph; seraphicalness. [R.] Cudworth.

Seraphim

Ser"a*phim (?), n. The Hebrew plural of Seraph. Cf. Cherubim. &hand; The double plural form seraphims is sometimes used, as in the King James version of the Bible, Isa. vi. 2 and 6.
Page 1314

Seraphina

Ser`a*phi"na (?), n. [NL.] A seraphine.

Seraphine

Ser"a*phine (?), n. [From Seraph.] (Mus.) A wind instrument whose sounding parts are reeds, consisting of a thin tongue of brass playing freely through a slot in a plate. It has a case, like a piano, and is played by means of a similar keybord, the bellows being worked by the foot. The melodeon is a portable variety of this instrument.

Serapis

Se*ra"pis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Myth.) An Egyptian deity, at first a symbol of the Nile, and so of fertility; later, one of the divinities of the lower world. His worship was introduced into Greece and Rome.

Seraskier

Se*ras"kier (?), n. [Turk., fr. Per. ser head, chief + Ar. 'asker an army.] A general or commander of land forces in the Turkish empire; especially, the commander-in-chief of minister of war.

Seraskierate

Se*ras"kier*ate (?), n. The office or authority of a seraskier.

Serbonian

Ser*bo"ni*an (?), a. Relating to the lake of Serbonis in Egypt, which by reason of the sand blowing into it had a deceptive appearance of being solid land, but was a bog.
A gulf profound as that Serbonian bog . . . Where armies whole have sunk. Milton.

Sere

Sere (?), a. Dry; withered. Same as Sear.
But with its sound it shook the sails That were so thin and sere. Coleridge.

Sere

Sere, n. [F. serre.] Claw; talon. [Obs.] Chapman.

Serein

Se*rein" (?), n. [F. Cf. Serenade, n.] (Meteorol.) A mist, or very fine rain, which sometimes falls from a clear sky a few moments after sunset. Tyndall.

Serenade

Ser`*enade" (?), n. [F. s\'82r\'82nade, It. serenata, probably fr. L. serenus serene (cf. Serene), misunderstood as a derivative fr. L. serus late. Cf. Soir\'82e.] (Mus.) (a) Music sung or performed in the open air at nights; -- usually applied to musical entertainments given in the open air at night, especially by gentlemen, in a spirit of gallantry, under the windows of ladies. (b) A piece of music suitable to be performed at such times.

Serenade

Ser`e*nade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Serenaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Serenading.] To entertain with a serenade.

Serenade

Ser`e*nade", v. i. To perform a serenade.

Serenader

Ser`e*nad"er (?), n. One who serenades.

Serenata, Serenate

Ser`e*na"ta (?), Ser"e*nate (?), n. [It. serenata. See Serenade.] (Mus.) A piece of vocal music, especially one on an amoreus subject; a serenade.
Or serenate, which the starved lover sings To his pround fair. Milton.
&hand; The name serenata was given by Italian composers in the time of Handel, and by Handel himself, to a cantata of a pastoreal of dramatic character, to a secular ode, etc.; also by Mozart and others to an orchectral composition, in several movements, midway between the suite of an earlier period and the modern symphony. Grove.

Serene

Se*rene" (?), a. [L. serenus to grow dry, Gr.

1. Bright; clear; unabscured; as, a serene sky.

The moon serene in glory mounts the sky. Pope.
Full many a gem of purest ray serene The dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear. Gray.

2. Calm; placid; undisturbed; unruffled; as, a serene aspect; a serene soul. Milton. &hand; In several countries of Europe, Serene is given as a tittle to princes and the members of their families; as, His Serene Highness. Drop serene. (Med.) See Amaurosis. Milton.

Serene

Se*rene", n.

1. Serenity; clearness; calmness. [Poetic.] "The serene of heaven." Southey.

To their master is denied To share their sweet serene. Young.

2. [F. serein evening dew or damp. See Serein.] Evening air; night chill. [Obs.] "Some serene blast me." B. Jonson.

Serene

Se*rene", v. t. [L. serenare.] To make serene.
Heaven and earth, as if contending, vie To raise his being, and serene his soul. Thomson.

Serenely

Se*rene"ly, adv.

1. In a serene manner; clearly.

Now setting Ph&oe;bus shone serenely bright. Pope.

2. With unruffled temper; coolly; calmly. Prior.

Sereneness

Se*rene"ness, n. Serenity. Feltham.

Serenitude

Se*ren"i*tude (?), n. Serenity. [Obs.]

Serenity

Se*ren"i*ty (?), n. [L. serenuas: cf. F. s\'82r\'82nit\'82.]

1. The quality or state of being serene; clearness and calmness; quietness; stillness; peace.

A general peace and serenity newly succeeded a general trouble. Sir W. Temple.

2. Calmness of mind; eveness of temper; undisturbed state; coolness; composure.

I can not see how any men should ever transgress those moral rules with confidence and serenity. Locke.
&hand; Serenity is given as a title to the members of certain princely families in Europe; as, Your Serenity.

Serf

Serf (?), n. [F., fr. L. serus servant, slave; akin to servare to protect, preserve, observe, and perhaps originally, a client, a man under one's protection. Cf. Serve, v. t.] A servant or slave employed in husbandry, and in some countries attached to the soil and transferred with it, as formerly in Russia.
In England, at least from the reign of Henry II, one only, and that the inferior species [of villeins], existed . . . But by the customs of France and Germany, persons in this abject state seem to have been called serfs, and distinguished from villeins, who were only bound to fixed payments and duties in respect of their lord, though, as it seems, without any legal redress if injured by him. Hallam.
Syn. -- Serf, Slave. A slave is the absolute property of his master, and may be sold in any way. A serf, according to the strict sense of the term, is one bound to work on a certain estate, and thus attached to the soil, and sold with it into the service of whoever purchases the land.

Serfage, Serfdom

Serf"age (?), Serf"dom (?), n. The state or condition of a serf.

Serfhood, Serfism

Serf"hood (?), Serf"ism (
, n. Serfage.

Serge

Serge (?), n. [F. serge, sarge, originally, a silken stuff, fr. L. serica, f. or neut. pl. of sericus silken. See Sericeous, Silk.] A woolen twilled stuff, much used as material for clothing for both sexes. Silk serge, a twilled silk fabric used mostly by tailors for lining parts of gentlemen's coats.

Serge

Serge, n. [F. cierge.] A large wax candle used in the ceremonies of various churches.

Sergeancy

Ser"gean*cy (?), n.; pl. Sergeancies (#). [Cf. Sergeanty.] The office of a sergeant; sergeantship. [Written also serjeancy.]

Sergeant

Ser"geant (?), n. [F. sergent, fr. L. serviens, -entis, p. pr. of servire to serve. See Serve, and cf. Servant.] [Written also serjeant. Both spellings are authorized. In England serjeant is usually preferred, except for military officers. In the United States sergeant is common for civil officers also.]

1. Formerly, in England, an officer nearly answering to the more modern bailiff of the hundred; also, an officer whose duty was to attend on the king, and on the lord high steward in court, to arrest traitors and other offenders. He is now called sergeant-at-arms, and two of these officers, by allowance of the sovereign, attend on the houses of Parliament (one for each house) to execute their commands, and another attends the Court Chancery.

The sergeant of the town of Rome them sought. Chaucer.
The magistrates sent the serjeant, saying, Let those men go. Acts xvi. 35.
This fell sergeant, Death, Is strict in his arrest. Shak.

2. (Mil.) In a company, battery, or troop, a noncommissioned officer next in rank above a corporal, whose duty is to instruct recruits in discipline, to form the ranks, etc. &hand; In the United States service, besides the sergeants belonging to the companies there are, in each regiment, a sergeant major, who is the chief noncommissioned officer, and has important duties as the assistant to the adjutant; a quartermaster sergeant, who assists the quartermaster; a color sergeant, who carries the colors; and a commissary sergeant, who assists in the care and distribution of the stores. Ordnance sergeants have charge of the ammunition at military posts.

3. (Law) A lawyer of the highest rank, answering to the doctor of the civil law; -- called also serjeant at law. [Eng.] Blackstone.

4. A title sometimes given to the servants of the sovereign; as, sergeant surgeon, that is, a servant, or attendant, surgeon. [Eng.]

5. (Zo\'94l.) The cobia. Drill sergeant. (Mil.) See under Drill. -- Sergeant-at-arms, an officer of a legislative body, or of a deliberative or judicial assembly, who executes commands in preserving order and arresting offenders. See Sergeant, 1. -- Sergeant major. (a) (Mil.) See the Note under def. 2, above. (b) (Zo\'94l.) The cow pilot.

Sergeantcy

Ser"geant*cy (?), n. Same as Sergeancy.

Sergeantry

Ser"geant*ry (?), n. [CF. OF. sergenteric.] See Sergeanty. [R.] [Written also serjeantry.]

Sergeantship

Ser"geant*ship, n. The office of sergeant.

Sergeanty

Ser"geant*y (?), n. [Cf. OF. sergentie, LL. sergentia. See Sergeant.] (Eng. Law) Tenure of lands of the crown by an honorary kind of service not due to any lord, but to the king only. [Written also serjeanty.] Grand sergeanty, a particular kind of tenure by which the tenant was bound to do some special honorary service to the king in person, as to carry his banner, his sword, or the like. Tomlins. Cowell. Blackstone. -- Petit sergeanty. See under Petit.

Serial

Se"ri*al (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to a series; consisting of a series; appearing in successive parts or numbers; as, a serial work or publication. "Classification . . . may be more or less serial." H. Spencer.

2. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to rows. Gray. Serial homology. (Biol.) See under Homology. -- Serial symmetry. (Biol.) See under Symmetry.

Serial

Se"ri*al, n. A publication appearing in a series or succession of part; a tale, or other writing, published in successive numbers of a periodical.

Seriality

Se`ri*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of succession in a series; sequence. H. Spenser.

Serially

Se"ri*al*ly, adv. In a series, or regular order; in a serial manner; as, arranged serially; published serially.

Seriate

Se"ri*ate (?), a. Arranged in a series or succession; pertaining to a series. -- Se"ri*ate*ly, adv.

Seriatim

Se`ri*a"tim (?), adv. [NL.] In regular order; one after the other; severally.

Seriation

Se`ri*a"tion (?), n. (Chem.) Arrangement or position in a series.

Sericeous

Se*ri"ceous (?), a. [L. sericus silken, sericum Seric stuff, silk, fr. Sericus belonging to the Seres, Gr. Silk, Serge a woolen stuff.]

1. Of or pertaining to silk; consisting of silk; silky.

2. (Bot.) Covered with very soft hairs pressed close to the surface; as, a sericeous leaf.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Having a silklike luster, usually due to fine, close hairs.

Sericin

Ser"i*cin (?), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Chem.) A gelatinous nitrogenous material extracted from crude silk and other similar fiber by boiling water; -- called also silk gelatin.

Sericite

Ser"i*cite (?), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Min.) A kind of muscovite occuring in silky scales having a fibrous structure. It is characteristic of sericite schist.

Sericterium

Ser`ic*te"ri*um (?), n. [See Sericeous.] (Zo\'94l.) A silk gland, as in the silkworms.

Sericulture

Ser"i*cul`ture (?), n. [See Sericeous, and Culture.] The raising of silkworms.

Serie

Se"rie (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82rie.] Series. [Obs.]

Seriema

Ser`i*e"ma (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A large South American bird (Dicholophus, ∨ Cariama cristata) related to the cranes. It is often domesticated. Called also cariama.

Series

Se"ries (?), n. [L. series, fr. serere, sertum, to join or bind together; cf. Gr. sarit thread. Cf. Assert, Desert a solitude, Exert, Insert, Seraglio.]

1. A number of things or events standing or succeeding in order, and connected by a like relation; sequence; order; course; a succession of things; as, a continuous series of calamitous events.

During some years his life a series of triumphs. Macaulay.

2. (Biol.) Any comprehensive group of animals or plants including several subordinate related groups. &hand; Sometimes a series includes several classes; sometimes only orders or families; in other cases only species.

3. (Math.) An indefinite number of terms succeeding one another, each of which is derived from one or more of the preceding by a fixed law, called the law of the series; as, an arithmetical series; a geometrical series.

Serin

Ser"in (?), n. [F. serin.] (Zo\'94l.) A European finch (Serinus hortulanus) closely related to the canary.

Serine

Ser"ine (?), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance obtained by the action of dilute sulphuric acid on silk gelatin<-- an amino acid -->.

Serio-comic, Serio-comical

Se`ri*o-com"ic (?), Se`ri*o-com"ic*al (?), a. Having a mixture of seriousness and sport; serious and comical.

Serious

Se"ri*ous (?), a. [L. serius: cf. F. s\'82rieux, LL. seriosus.]

1. Grave in manner or disposition; earnest; thoughtful; solemn; not light, gay, or volatile.

He is always serious, yet there is about his manner a graceful ease. Macaulay.

2. Really intending what is said; being in earnest; not jesting or deceiving. Beaconsfield.

3. Important; weighty; not trifling; grave.

The holy Scriptures bring to our ears the most serious things in the world. Young.

4. Hence, giving rise to apprehension; attended with danger; as, a serious injury. Syn. -- Grave; solemn; earnest; sedate; important; weighty. See Grave. -- Se"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Se"ri*ous*ness, n.

Seriph

Ser"iph (?), n. (Type Founding) See Ceriph.

Serjeant, Serjeantcy

Ser"jeant (?), Ser"jeant*cy, etc.See Sergeant, Sergeantcy, etc. Serjeant-at-arms. See Sergeant-at-arms, under Sergeant.

Sermocination

Ser*moc`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. sermocinatio. See Sermon.] The making of speeches or sermons; sermonizing. [Obs.] Peacham.

Sermocinator

Ser*moc"i*na`tor (?), n. [L.] One who makes sermons or speeches. [Obs.] Howell.

Sermon

Ser"mon (?), n. [OE. sermoun, sermun, F. sermon, fr. L. sermo, -onis, a speaking, discourse, probably fr. serer, sertum, to join, connect; hence, a connected speech. See Series.]

1. A discourse or address; a talk; a writing; as, the sermens of Chaucer. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Specifically, a discourse delivered in public, usually by a clergyman, for the purpose of religious instruction and grounded on some text or passage of Scripture.

This our life exempt from public haunts Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, Sermons in stones and good in everything. Shak.
His preaching much, but more his practice, wrought, A living sermon of the truths he taught. Dryden.

3. Hence, a serious address; a lecture on one's conduct or duty; an exhortation or reproof; a homily; -- often in a depreciatory sense.

Sermon

Ser"mon, v. i. [Cf. OF. sermoner, F. sermonner to lecture one.] To speak; to discourse; to compose or deliver a sermon. [Obs.] Holinshed.
What needeth it to sermon of it more? Chaucer.

Sermon

Ser"mon, v. t.

1. To discourse to or of, as in a sermon. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To tutor; to lecture. [Poetic] Shak.

Sermoneer

Ser`mon*eer" (?), n. A sermonizer. B. Jonson.

Sermoner

Ser"mon*er (?), n. A preacher; a sermonizer. [Derogative or Jocose.] Thackeray.

Sermonet

Ser`mon*et" (?), n. A short sermon. [Written also sermonette.]

Sermonic, Sermonical

Ser*mon"ic (?), Ser*mon"ic*al (?), a. Like, or appropriate to, a sermon; grave and didactic. [R.] "Conversation . . . satirical or sermonic." Prof. Wilson. "Sermonical style." V. Knox.

Sermoning

Ser"mon*ing (?), n. The act of discoursing; discourse; instruction; preaching. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sermonish

Ser"mon*ish, a. Resembling a sermon. [R.]

Sermonist

Ser"mon*ist, n. See Sermonizer.

Sermonize

Ser"mon*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sermonized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sermonizing (?).]

1. To compose or write a sermon or sermons; to preach.

2. To inculcate rigid rules. [R.] Chesterfield.

Sermonize

Ser"mon*ize, v. t. To preach or discourse to; to affect or influence by means of a sermon or of sermons. [R.]
Which of us shall sing or sermonize the other fast asleep? Landor.

Sermonizer

Ser"mon*i`zer (?), n. One who sermonizes.

Serolin

Ser"o*lin (?), n. [Serum + L. oleum oil.] (Physiol. Chem.) (a) A peculiar fatty substance found in the blood, probably a mixture of fats, cholesterin, etc. (b) A body found in fecal matter and thought to be formed in the intestines from the cholesterin of the bile; -- called also stercorin, and stercolin.
Page 1315

Seron, Seroon

Se*ron" (?), Se*roon" (?), n. [Sp. seron a kind of hamper or pannier, aug. of sera a large pannier or basket.] Same as Ceroon. &hand; This word as expressing a quantity or weight has no definite signification. McElrath.

Serose

Se"rose` (?), a. Serous. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Serosity

Se*ros"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. serosit\'82. See Serous.]

1. The quality or state of being serous.

2. (Physiol.) A thin watery animal fluid, as synovial fluid and pericardial fluid.

Serotine

Ser"o*tine (?), n. [F. s\'82rotine, fr. L. serotinus that comes or happens late.] (Zo\'94l.) The European long-eared bat (Vesperugo serotinus).

Serotinous

Se*rot"i*nous (?), a. [L. serotinus, fr. serus late.] (Biol.) Appearing or blossoming later in the season than is customary with allied species.

Serous

Se"rous (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82reux. See Serum.] (Physiol.) (a) Thin; watery; like serum; as the serous fluids. (b) Of or pertaining to serum; as, the serous glands, membranes, layers. See Serum. Serous membrane. (Anat.) See under Membrane.

Serow, Surrow

Ser"ow (?), Sur"row (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The thar.

Serpens

Ser"pens (?), n. [L. See Serpent.] (Astron.) A constellation represented as a serpent held by Serpentarius.

Serpent

Ser"pent (?), n. [F., fr. L. serpens, -entis (sc. bestia), fr. serpens, p. pr. of serpere to creep; akin to Gr. sarp, and perhaps to L. repere, E. reptile. Cf. Herpes.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any reptile of the order Ophidia; a snake, especially a large snake. See Illust. under Ophidia. &hand; The serpents are mostly long and slender, and move partly by bending the body into undulations or folds and pressing them against objects, and partly by using the free edges of their ventral scales to cling to rough surfaces. Many species glide swiftly over the ground, some burrow in the earth, others live in trees. A few are entirely aquatic, and swim rapidly. See Ophidia, and Fang.

2. Fig.: A subtle, treacherous, malicious person.

3. A species of firework having a serpentine motion as it passess through the air or along the ground.

4. (Astron.) The constellation Serpens.

5. (Mus.) A bass wind instrument, of a loud and coarse tone, formerly much used in military bands, and sometimes introduced into the orchestra; -- so called from its form. Pharaoh's serpent (Chem.), mercuric sulphocyanate, a combustible white substance which in burning gives off a poisonous vapor and leaves a peculiar brown voluminous residue which is expelled in a serpentine from. It is employed as a scientific toy. -- Serpent cucumber (Bot.), the long, slender, serpentine fruit of the cucurbitaceous plant Trichosanthes colubrina; also, the plant itself. -- Serpent eage (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of raptorial birds of the genera Circa\'89tus and Spilornis, which prey on serpents. They inhabit Africa, Southern Europe, and India. The European serpent eagle is Circa\'89tus Gallicus. -- Serpent eater. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The secretary bird. (b) An Asiatic antelope; the markhoor. -- Serpent fish (Zo\'94l.), a fish (Cepola rubescens) with a long, thin, compressed body, and a band of red running lengthwise. -- Serpent star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiuran; a brittle star. -- Serpent's tongue (Paleon.), the fossil tooth of a shark; -- so called from its resemblance to a tongue with its root. -- Serpent withe (Bot.), a West Indian climbing plant (Aristolochia odoratissima). -- Tree serpent (Zo\'94l.), any species of African serpents belonging to the family Dendrophid\'91.

Serpent

Ser"pent, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Serpented; p. pr. & vb. n. Serpenting.] To wind like a serpent; to crook about; to meander. [R.] "The serpenting of the Thames." Evelyn.

Serpent

Ser"pent, v. t. To wind; to encircle. [R.] Evelyn.

Serpentaria

Ser`pen*ta"ri*a (?), a.[L. (sc. herba), fr. serpens serpent.] (Med.) The fibrous aromatic root of the Virginia snakeroot (Aristolochia Serpentaria).

Serpentarius

Ser`pen*ta"ri*us (?), n.[NL., fr. L. serpens serpent.] (Astron.) A constellation on the equator, lying between Scorpio and Hercules; -- called also Ophiuchus.

Serpentiform

Ser*pen"ti*form (?), a. [L. serpens a serpent + -form.] Having the form of a serpent.

Serpentigenous

Ser`pen*tig"e*nous (?), a. [L. serpens, -entis, a serpent + -genous: cf. L. serpentigena.] Bred of a serpent.

Serpentine

Ser"pen*tine (?), a. [L. serpentinus: cf. F. serpentin.] Resembling a serpent; having the shape or qualities of a serpent; subtle; winding or turning one way and the other, like a moving serpent; anfractuous; meandering; sinuous; zigzag; as, serpentine braid.
Thy shape Like his, and color serpentine. Milton.

Serpentine

Ser"pen*tine, n. [Cf. (for sense 1) F. serpentine, (for sense 2) serpentin.]

1. (Min.) A mineral or rock consisting chiefly of the hydrous silicate of magnesia. It is usually of an obscure green color, often with a spotted or mottled appearance resembling a serpent's skin. Precious, or noble, serpentine is translucent and of a rich oil-green color. &hand; Serpentine has been largely produced by the alteration of other minerals, especially of chrysolite.

2. (Ordnance) A kind of ancient cannon.

Serpentine

Ser"pen*tine, v. i. To serpentize. [R.] Lyttleton.

Serpentinely

Ser"pen*tine*ly, adv. In a serpentine manner.

Serpentinian

Ser`pen*tin"i*an (?), n. (Eccl.) See 2d Ophite.

Serpentinize

Ser"pen*tin*ize (?), v. t. (Min.) To convert (a magnesian silicate) into serpentine. -- Ser`pen*tin`i*za"tion (#), n.

Serpentinous

Ser"pen*ti`nous (?), a. Relating to, or like, serpentine; as, a rock serpentinous in character.

Serpentize

Ser"pent*ize (?), v. i. To turn or bend like a serpent, first in one direction and then in the opposite; to meander; to wind; to serpentine. [R.]
The river runs before the door, and serpentizes more than you can conceive. Walpole.

Serpentry

Ser"pent*ry (?), n.

1. A winding like a serpent's.

2. A place inhabited or infested by serpents.

Serpent-tongued

Ser"pent-tongued` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a forked tongue, like a serpent.

Serpet

Ser"pet (?), n. [L. sirpus, scirpus, a rush, bulrush.] A basket. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

Serpette

Ser*pette" (?), n. [F.] A pruning knife with a curved blade. Knight.

Serpiginous

Ser*pig"i*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. serpigineux.] (Med.) Creeping; -- said of lesions which heal over one portion while continuing to advance at another.

Serpigo

Ser*pi"go (?), n. [LL., fr. L. serpere to creep.] (Med.) A dry, scaly eruption on the skin; especially, a ringworm.

Serpolet

Ser"po*let (?), n. [F.] (Bot.) Wild thyme.

Serpula

Ser"pu*la (?), n.; pl. Serpul\'91 (#), E. Serpulas (#). [L., a little snake. See Serpent.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of tubicolous annelids of the genus Serpula and allied genera of the family Serpulid\'91. They secrete a calcareous tube, which is usually irregularly contorted, but is sometimes spirally coiled. The worm has a wreath of plumelike and often bright-colored gills around its head, and usually an operculum to close the aperture of its tube when it retracts.

Serpulian, Serpulidan

Ser*pu"li*an (?), Ser*pu"li*dan (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A serpula.

Serpulite

Ser"pu*lite (?), n. A fossil serpula shell.

Serr

Serr (?), v. t. [F. serrer. See Serry.] To crowd, press, or drive together. [Obs.] Bacon.

Serranoid

Ser*ra"noid (?), n. [NL. Serranus, a typical genus (fr. L. serra a saw) + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the family Serranid\'91, which includes the striped bass, the black sea bass, and many other food fishes. -- a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Serranid\'91.

Serrate, Serrated

Ser"rate (?), Ser"ra*ted (?), a. [L. serratus, fr. serra a saw; perhaps akin to secare to cut, E. saw a cutting instrument. Cf. Sierra.]

1. Notched on the edge, like a saw.

2. (Bot.) Beset with teeth pointing forwards or upwards; as, serrate leaves. Doubly serrate, having small serratures upon the large ones, as the leaves of the elm. -- Serrate-ciliate, having fine hairs, like the eyelashes, on the serratures; -- said of a leaf. -- Serrate-dentate, having the serratures toothed.

Serration

Ser*ra"tion (?), n.

1. Condition of being serrate; formation in the shape of a saw.

2. One of the teeth in a serrate or serrulate margin.

Serratirostral

Ser*ra`ti*ros"tral (?), a. [Serrate + rostral.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a toothed bill, like that of a toucan.

Serrator

Ser*ra"tor (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The ivory gull (Larus eburneus).

Serrature

Ser"ra*ture (?), n. [L. serratura a sawing, fr. serrare to saw.]

1. A notching, like that between the teeth of a saw, in the edge of anything. Martyn.

2. One of the teeth in a serrated edge; a serration.

Serricated

Ser"ri*ca`ted (?), a. [See Sericeous.] Covered with fine silky down.

Serricorn

Ser"ri*corn (?), a. [L. serra saw + cornu horn.] (Zo\'94l.) Having serrated antenn

Serricorn

Ser"ri*corn, n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of a numerous tribe of beetles (Serricornia). The joints of the antenn\'91 are prominent, thus producing a serrate appearance. See Illust. under Antenna.

Serried

Ser"ried (?), a. [See Serry.] Crowded; compact; dense; pressed together.
Nor seemed it to relax their serried files. Milton.

Serrifera

Ser*rif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. serra saw + ferre to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Hymenoptera comprising the sawflies.

Serrirostres

Ser`ri*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL. fr. L. serra saw + rostrum beak.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Lamellirostres.

Serrous

Ser"rous (?), a. [L. serra a saw.] Like the teeth off a saw; jagged. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Serrula

Ser"ru*la (?), n. [L., a little saw.] (Zo\'94l.) The red-breasted merganser.

Serrulate, Serrulated

Ser"rulate (?), Ser"ru*la`ted (?), a. [L. serrula a lttle saw, dim. of serra a saw.] Finely serrate; having very minute teeth.

Serrulation

Ser`ru*la"tion (?), n.

1. The state of being notched minutely, like a fine saw. Wright.

2. One of the teeth in a serrulate margin.

Serry

Ser"ry (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Serried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Serrying.] [F. serrer, LL. serrare, serare, from L. sera a bar, bolt; akin to serere to join or bind together. See Serries.] To crowd; to press together. [Now perhaps only in the form serried, p. p. or a.]

Sertularia

Ser`tu*la"ri*a (?), n. [NL., dim. fr. L. serta a garland.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of delicate branching hydroids having small sessile hydrothec\'91 along the sides of the branches.

Sertularian

Ser`tu*la"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Sertularia, or of Sertularid\'91, a family of hydroids having branched chitinous stems and simple sessile hydrothec\'91. Also used adjectively.

Serum

Se"rum (?), n. [L., akin to Gr. s\'bera curd.] (Physiol.) (a) The watery portion of certain animal fluids, as blood, milk, etc. (b) A thin watery fluid, containing more or less albumin, secreted by the serous membranes of the body, such as the pericardium and peritoneum. Blood serum, the pale yellowish fluid which exudes from the clot formed in the coagulation of the blood; the loquid portion of the blood, after removal of the blood corpuscles and the fibrin. -- Muscle serum, the thin watery fluid which separates from the muscles after coagulation of the muscle plasma; the watery portion of the plasma. See Muscle plasma, under Plasma. -- Serum albumin (Physiol. Chem.), an albuminous body, closely related to egg albumin, present in nearly all serous fluids; esp., the albumin of blood serum. -- Serum globulin (Physiol. Chem.), paraglobulin. -- Serum of milk (Physiol. Chem.), the whey, or fluid portion of milk, remaining after removal of the casein and fat.

Servable

Serv"a*ble (?), a. [See Serve.]

1. Capable of being served.

2. [L. servabilis.] Capable of being preserved. [R.]

Servage

Serv"age (?), n. [Cf. F. servage.] Serfage; slavery; servitude. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Serval

Ser"val (?), n. [Cf. F. serval.] (Zo\'94l.) An African wild cat (Felis serval) of moderate size. It has rather long legs and a tail of moderate length. Its color is tawny, with black spots on the body and rings of black on the tail.

Servaline

Ser"val*ine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Related to, or resembling, the serval.

Servant

Serv"ant (?), n. [OE. servant, servaunt, F. servant, a & p. pr. of servir to serve, L. servire. See Serve, and cf. Sergeant.]

1. One who serves, or does services, voluntarily or on compulsion; a person who is employed by another for menial offices, or for other labor, and is subject to his command; a person who labors or exerts himself for the benefit of another, his master or employer; a subordinate helper. "A yearly hired servant." Lev. xxv. 53.

Men in office have begun to think themselves mere agents and servants of the appointing power, and not agents of the government or the country. D. Webster.
&hand; In a legal sense, stewards, factors, bailiffs, and other agents, are servants for the time they are employed in such character, as they act in subordination to others. So any person may be legally the servant of another, in whose business, and under whose order, direction, and control, he is acting for the time being. Chitty.

2. One in a state of subjection or bondage.

Thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt. Deut. v. 15.

3. A professed lover or suitor; a gallant. [Obs.]

In my time a servant was I one. Chaucer.
Servant of servants, one debased to the lowest condition of servitude. -- Your humble servant, ∨ Your obedient servant, phrases of civility often used in closing a letter.
Our betters tell us they are our humble servants, but understand us to be their slaves. Swift.

Servant

Serv"ant, v. t. To subject. [Obs.] Shak.

Servantess

Serv"ant*ess, n. A maidservant. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Servantry

Serv"ant*ry (?), n. A body of servants; servants, collectively. [R.]

Serve

Serve (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Served (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Serving.] [OE. serven, servien, OF. & F. servir, fr. L. servire; akin to servus a servant or slave, servare to protect, preserve, observe; cf. Zend har to protect, haurva protecting. Cf. Conserve, Desert merit, Dessert, Observe, Serf, Sergeant.]

1. To work for; to labor in behalf of; to exert one's self continuously or statedly for the benefit of; to do service for; to be in the employment of, as an inferior, domestic, serf, slave, hired assistant, official helper, etc.; specifically, in a religious sense, to obey and worship.

God is my witness, whom I serve with my spirit. Rom. i. 9.
Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter. Gen. xxix. 18.
No man can serve two masters. Matt. vi. 24.
Had I but served my God with half the zeal I served my king, he would not in mine age Have left me naked to mine enemies. Shak.

2. To be subordinate to; to act a secondary part under; to appear as the inferior of; to minister to.

Bodies bright and greater should not serve The less not bright. Milton.

3. To be suitor to; to profess love to. [Obs.]

To serve a lady in his beste wise. Chaucer.

4. To wait upon; to supply the wants of; to attend; specifically, to wait upon at table; to attend at meals; to supply with food; as, to serve customers in a shop.

Others, pampered in their shameless pride, Are served in plate and in their chariots ride. Dryden.

5. Hence, to bring forward, arrange, deal, or distribute, as a portion of anything, especially of food prepared for eating; -- often with up; formerly with in.

Bid them cover the table, serve in the meat, and we will come in to dinner. Shak.
Some part he roasts, then serves it up so dressed. Dryde.

Page 1316

6. To perform the duties belonging to, or required in or for; hence, to be of use to; as, a curate may serve two churches; to serve one's country.

7. To contribute or conduce to; to promote; to be sufficient for; to satisfy; as, to serve one's turn.

Turn it into some advantage, by observing where it can serve another end. Jer. Taylor.

8. To answer or be (in the place of something) to; as, a sofa serves one for a seat and a couch.

9. To treat; to behave one's self to; to requite; to act toward; as, he served me very ill.

10. To work; to operate; as, to serve the guns.

11. (Law) (a) To bring to notice, deliver, or execute, either actually or constructively, in such manner as the law requires; as, to serve a summons. (b) To make legal service opon (a person named in a writ, summons, etc.); as, to serve a witness with a subp&oe;na.

12. To pass or spend, as time, esp. time of punishment; as, to serve a term in prison.

13. To copulate with; to cover; as, a horse serves a mare; -- said of the male.

14. (Tennis) To lead off in delivering (the ball).

15. (Naut.) To wind spun yarn, or the like, tightly around (a rope or cable, etc.) so as to protect it from chafing or from the weather. See under Serving. To serve an attachment ∨ a writ of attachment (Law), to levy it on the person or goods by seizure, or to seize. -- To serve an execution (Law), to levy it on a lands, goods, or person, by seizure or taking possession. -- To serve an office, to discharge a public duty. -- To serve a process (Law), in general, to read it, so as to give due notice to the party concerned, or to leave an attested copy with him or his attorney, or his usual place of abode. -- To serve a warrant, to read it, and seize the person against whom it is issued. -- To serve a writ (Law), to read it to the defendant, or to leave an attested copy at his usual place of abode. -- To serve one out, to retaliate upon; to requite. "I'll serve you out for this." C. Kingsley. -- To serve one right, to treat, or cause to befall one, according to his deserts; -- used commonly of ill deserts; as, it serves the scoundrel right; -- To serve one's self of, to avail one's self of; to make use of. [A Gallicism]

I will serve myself of this concession. Chillingworth.
-- To serve out, to distribute; as, to serve out rations. -- To serve the time ∨ the hour, to regulate one's actions by the requirements of the time instead of by one's duty; to be a timeserver. [Obs.]
They think herein we serve the time, because thereby we either hold or seek preferment. Hooker.
Syn. -- To obey; minister to; subserve; promote; aid; help; assist; benefit; succor.

Serve

Serve (?), v. i.

1. To be a servant or a slave; to be employed in labor or other business for another; to be in subjection or bondage; to render menial service.

The Lord shall give thee rest . . . from the hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve. Isa. xiv. 3.

2. To perform domestic offices; to be occupied with household affairs; to prepare and dish up food, etc.

But Martha . . . said, Lord, dost thou not care that my sister hath left me to serve alone? Luke x. 40.

3. To be in service; to do duty; to discharge the requirements of an office or employment. Specifically, to act in the public service, as a soldier, seaman. etc.

Many . . . who had before been great commanders, but now served as private gentlemen without pay. Knolles.

4. To be of use; to answer a purpose; to suffice; to suit; to be convenient or favorable.

This little brand will serve to light your fire. Dryden.
As occasion serves, this noble queen And prince shall follow with a fresh supply. Shak.

5. (Tennis) To lead off in delivering the ball.

Server

Serv"er (?), n.

1. One who serves.

2. A tray for dishes; a salver. Randolph.

Servian

Ser"vi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Servia, a kingdom of Southern Europe. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Servia. <-- modern spelling, Serbia -->

Service, n., ∨ Service

Serv"ice (?), n., ∨ Serv"ice (?). [Properly, the tree which bears serve, OE. serves, pl., service berries, AS. syrfe service tree; akin to L. sorbus.] (Bot.) A name given to several trees and shrubs of the genus Pyrus, as Pyrus domestica and P. torminalis of Europe, the various species of mountain ash or rowan tree, and the American shad bush (see Shad bush, under Shad). They have clusters of small, edible, applelike berries. Service berry (Bot.), the fruit of any kind of service tree. In British America the name is especially applied to that of the several species or varieties of the shad bush (Amelanchier.)

Service

Serv"ice, n. [OE. servise, OF. servise, service, F. service, from L. servitium. See Serve.]

1. The act of serving; the occupation of a servant; the performance of labor for the benefit of another, or at another's command; attendance of an inferior, hired helper. slave, etc., on a superior, employer, master, or the like; also, spiritual obedience and love. "O God . . . whose service is perfect freedom." Bk. of Com. Prayer.

Madam, I entreat true peace of you, Which I will purchase with my duteous service. Shak.
God requires no man's service upon hard and unreasonable terms. Tillotson.

2. The deed of one who serves; labor performed for another; duty done or required; office.

I have served him from the hour of my nativity, . . . and have nothing at his hands for my service but blows. Shak.
This poem was the last piece of service I did for my master, King Charles. Dryden.
To go on the forlorn hope is a service of peril; who will understake it if it be not also a service of honor? Macaulay.

3. Office of devotion; official religious duty performed; religious rites appropriate to any event or ceremonial; as, a burial service.

The outward service of ancient religion, the rites, ceremonies, and ceremonial vestments of the old law. Coleridge.

4. Hence, a musical composition for use in churches.

5. Duty performed in, or appropriate to, any office or charge; official function; hence, specifically, military or naval duty; performance of the duties of a soldier.

When he cometh to experience of service abroad . . . ne maketh a worthy soldier. Spenser.

6. Useful office; advantage conferred; that which promotes interest or happiness; benefit; avail.

The stork's plea, when taken in a net, was the service she did in picking up venomous creatures. L'Estrange.

7. Profession of respect; acknowledgment of duty owed. "Pray, do my service to his majesty." Shak.

8. The act and manner of bringing food to the persons who eat it; order of dishes at table; also, a set or number of vessels ordinarily used at table; as, the service was tardy and awkward; a service of plate or glass.

There was no extraordinary service seen on the board. Hakewill.

9. (Law) The act of bringing to notice, either actually or constructively, in such manner as is prescribed by law; as, the service of a subp&oe;na or an attachment.

10. (Naut.) The materials used for serving a rope, etc., as spun yarn, small lines, etc.

11. (Tennis) The act of serving the ball.

12. Act of serving or covering. See Serve, v. t., 13. Service book, a prayer book or missal. -- Service line (Tennis), a line parallel to the net, and at a distance of 21 feet from it. -- Service of a writ, process, etc. (Law), personal delivery or communication of the writ or process, etc., to the party to be affected by it, so as to subject him to its operation; the reading of it to the person to whom notice is intended to be given, or the leaving of an attested copy with the person or his attorney, or at his usual place of abode. -- Service of an attachment (Law), the seizing of the person or goods according to the direction. -- Service of an execution (Law), the levying of it upon the goods, estate, or person of the defendant. -- Service pipe, a pipe connecting mains with a dwelling, as in gas pipes, and the like. Tomlinson. -- To accept service. (Law) See under Accept. -- To see service (Mil.), to do duty in the presence of the enemy, or in actual war.

Serviceable

Serv"ice*a*ble (?), a.

1. Doing service; promoting happiness, interest, advantage, or any good; useful to any end; adapted to any good end use; beneficial; advantageous. "Serviceable to religion and learning". Atterbury. "Serviceable tools." Macaulay.

I know thee well, a serviceable villain. Shak.

2. Prepared for rendering service; capable of, or fit for, the performance of duty; hence, active; diligent.

Courteous he was, lowly, and servysable. Chaucer.
Bright-hearnessed angels sit in order serviceable. Milton.
Seeing her so sweet and serviceable. Tennnyson.
-- Serv"ice*a*ble*ness, n. -- Serv"ice*a*bly, adv.

Serviceage

Serv"ice*age (?), n. Servitude. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Servient

Serv"i*ent (?), a. [L. serviens, -entis, p. pr. See Serve.] Subordinate. [Obs. except in law.] Dyer. Servient tenement ∨ estate (Law), that on which the burden of a servitude or an easement is imposed. Cf. Dominant estate, under Dominant. Gale & Whately.

Serviette

Ser`viette" (?), n. [F.] A table napkin.

Servile

Serv"ile (?), a. [L. servile, fr. servus a servant or slave: cf. F. servile. See Serve.]

1. Of or pertaining to a servant or slave; befitting a servant or a slave; proceeding from dependence; hence, meanly submissive; slavish; mean; cringing; fawning; as, servile flattery; servile fear; servile obedience.

She must bend the servile knee. Thomson.
Fearing dying pays death servile breath. Shak.

2. Held in subjection; dependent; enslaved.

Even fortune rules no more, O servile land! Pope.

3. (Gram.) (a) Not belonging to the original root; as, a servile letter. (b) Not itself sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceeding vowel, as e in tune.

Servile

Serv"ile, n. (Gram.) An element which forms no part of the original root; -- opposed to radical.

Servilely

Serv"ile*ly, adv. In a servile manner; slavishly.

Servileness

Serv"ile*ness, n. Quality of being servile; servility.

Servility

Ser*vil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. servilit\'82.] The quality or state of being servile; servileness.
To be a queen in bondage is more vile Than is a slave in base servility. Shak.

Serving

Serv"ing, a & n. from Serve. Serving board (Naut.), a flat piece of wood used in serving ropes. -- Serving maid, a female servant; a maidservant. -- Serving mallet (Naut.), a wooden instrument shaped like a mallet, used in serving ropes. -- Serving man, a male servant, or attendant; a manservant. -- Serving stuff (Naut.), small lines for serving ropes.

Servite

Serv"ite (?), n. [It. servita.] (R.C.Ch.) One of the order of the Religious Servants of the Holy Virgin, founded in Florence in 1223.

Servifor

Serv"i*for (?), n. [L., fr. servire to serve: cf. F. serviteur.]

1. One who serves; a servant; an attendant; one who acts under another; a follower or adherent.

Your trusty and most valiant servitor. Shak.

2. (Univ. of Oxford, Eng.) An undergraduate, partly supported by the college funds, whose duty it formerly was to wait at table. A servitor corresponded to a sizar in Cambridge and Dublin universities.

Servitorship

Serv"i*tor*ship, n. The office, rank, or condition of a servitor. Boswell.

Servitude

Serv"i*tude (?), n. [L. servitudo: cf. F. servitude.]

1. The state of voluntary or compulsory subjection to a master; the condition of being bound to service; the condition of a slave; slavery; bondage; hence, a state of slavish dependence.

You would have sold your king to slaughter, His princes and his peers to servitude. Shak.
A splendid servitude; . . . for he that rises up early, and goeSouth.

2. Servants, collectively. [Obs.]

After him a cumbrous train Of herds and flocks, and numerous servitude. Milton.

3. (Law) A right whereby one thing is subject to another thing or person for use or convenience, contrary to the common right. &hand; The object of a servitude is either to suffer something to be done by another, or to omit to do something, with respect to a thing. The easements of the English correspond in some respects with the servitudes of the Roman law. Both terms are used by common law writers, and often indiscriminately. The former, however, rather indicates the right enjoyed, and the latter the burden imposed. Ayliffe. Erskine. E. Washburn. Penal servitude. See under Penal. -- Personal servitude (Law), that which arises when the use of a thing is granted as a real right to a particular individual other than the proprietor. -- Predial servitude (Law), that which one estate owes to another estate. When it related to lands, vineyards, gardens, or the like, it is called rural; when it related to houses and buildings, it is called urban.

Serviture

Serv"i*ture (?), n. Servants, collectively. [Obs.]

Servitute

Serv"i*tute (?), n. [L. servitus.] Servitude. [Obs.]

Serye

Se"rye (?), n. A series. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sesame

Ses"a*me (?), n. [L. sesamum, sesama, Gr. s\'82same.] (Bot.) Either of two annual herbaceous plants of the genus Sesamum (S. Indicum, and S. orientale), from the seeds of which an oil is expressed; also, the small obovate, flattish seeds of these plants, sometimes used as food. See Benne. Open Sesame, the magical command which opened the door of the robber's den in the Arabian Nights' tale of "The Forty Thieves;" hence, a magical password. -- Sesame grass. (Bot.) Same as Gama grass.

Sesamoid

Ses"a*moid (?), a. [Gr. s\'82samo\'8bde.]

1. Resembling in shape the seeds of sesame.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sesamoid bones or cartilages; sesamoidal. Sesamoid bones, Sesamoid cartilages (Anat.), small bones or cartilages formed in tendons, like the patella and pisiform in man.

Sesamoid

Ses"a*moid, n. (Anat.) A sesamoid bone or cartilage.

Sesamoidal

Ses`a*moid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Sesamoid.

Sesban

Ses"ban (?), n. [F., fr. Ar. saisab\'ben, seiseb\'ben, a kind of tree, fr. Per. s\'c6sab\'ben seed of cinquefoil.] (Bot.) A leguminous shrub (Sesbania aculeata) which furnishes a fiber used for making ropes. &hand; The name is applied also to the similar plant, Sesbania \'92gyptiaca, and other species of the same genus.

Sesqui-

Ses`qui- (?). [L., one half more, one and a half.] (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting that three atoms or equivalents of the substance to the name of which it is prefixed are combined with two of some other element or radical; as, sesquibromide, sesquicarbonate, sesquichloride, sesquioxide. &hand; Sesquidupli- is sometimes, but rarely, used in the same manner to denote the proportions of two and a half to one, or rather of five to two.

Sesquialter

Ses`qui*al"ter (?), a. Sesquialteral.

Sesquialter, Sesquialtera

Ses`qui*al"ter (?), Ses`qui*al"ter*a (?), n. [NL. sesquialtera.] (Mus.) A stop on the organ, containing several ranks of pipes which re\'89nforce some of the high harmonics of the ground tone, and make the sound more brilliant.

Sesquialteral, Sesquialterate

Ses`qui*al"ter*al (?), Ses`qui*al"ter*ate (?), a. [L. sesquialter once and a half; sesqui- + alter other: cf. F. sesquialt\'82re.] Once and a half times as great as another; having the ratio of one and a half to one. Sesquialteral ratio (Math.), the ratio of one and a half to one; thus, 9 and 6 are in a sequialteral ratio.

Sesquialterous

Ses`qui*al"ter*ous (?), a. Sesquialteral.

Sesquibasic

Ses`qui*ba"sic (?), a. [Sesqui- + basic.] (Chem.) Containing, or acting as, a base in the proportions of a sesqui compound.

Sesquiduplicate

Ses`qui*du"pli*cate (?), a. [Sesqui- + duplicate.] Twice and a half as great (as another thing); having the ratio of two and a half to one. Sesquiduplicate ratio (Math.), the ratio of two and a half to one, or one in which the greater term contains the lesser twice and a half, as that of 50 to 20.

Sesquioxide

Ses`qui*ox"ide (?), n. [Sesqui- + oxide.] (Chem.) An oxide containing three atoms of oxygen with two atoms (or radicals) of some other substance; thus, alumina, Al2O3 is a sesquioxide.

Sesquipedal, Sesquipedalian

Ses*quip"e*dal (?), Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an (?), a. [Sesqui- + pedal: cf. F. sesquip\'82dal, L. sesquipedalis.] Measuring or containing a foot and a half; as, a sesquipedalian pygmy; -- sometimes humorously applied to long words. <-- 2. having a tendency to use long words. -->

Sesquipedalianism, Sesquipedalism

Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an*ism (?), Ses*quip"e*dal*ism (?), n. Sesquipedality.

Sesqyipedality

Ses`qyi*pe*dal"i*ty (?), n.

1. The quality or condition of being sesquipedal. Sterne.

2. The use of sesquipedalian words; style characterized by the use of long words; sesquipedalism.

Sesquiplicate

Ses*quip"li*cate (?), a. [Sesqui- + plicate.] (Math.) Subduplicate of the triplicate; -- a term applied to ratios; thus, a and a\'b7 are in the sesquiplicate ratio of b and b\'b7, when a is to a\'b7 as the square root of the cube of b is to the square root of the cube of b\'b7, or a:a\'b7::&root;b3:&root;b\'b73.
The periodic times of the planets are in the sesquiplicate ratio of their mean distances. Sir I. Newton.

Sesquisalt

Ses"qui*salt (?), n. [Sesqui- + salt.] (Chem.) A salt derived from a sesquioxide base, or made up on the proportions of a sesqui compound.
Page 1317

Sesquisulphide

Ses`qui*sul"phide (?), n. [Sesqui- + sulphide.] (Chem.) A sulphide, analogous to a sesquioxide, containing three atoms of sulphur to two of the other ingredient; -- formerly called also sesquisulphuret; as, orpiment, As2S3 is arsenic sesquisulphide.

Sesquitertial

Ses`qui*ter"tial (?), a. Sesquitertian.

Sesquitertian, Sesquitertianal

Ses`qui*ter"tian (?), Ses`qui*ter"tian*al (?), a. [Sesqui- + L. tertianus belonging to the third. Cf. Tertian.] (Math.) Having the ratio of one and one third to one (as 4 : 3).

Sesquitone

Ses"qui*tone (?), n. [Sesqui- + tone.] (Mus.) A minor third, or interval of three semitones.

Sess

Sess (?), v. t. [Aphetic form of assess. See Assess, Cess.] To lay a tax upon; to assess. [Obs.]

Sess

Sess, n. A tax; an assessment. See Cess. [Obs.]

Sessa

Ses"sa (?), interj. Hurry; run. [Obs.] Shak.

Sessile

Ses"sile (?), a. [L. sessilis low, dwarf, from sedere, sessum, to sit: cf. F. sessile.]

1. Attached without any sensible projecting support.

2. (Bot.) Resting directly upon the main stem or branch, without a petiole or footstalk; as, a sessile leaf or blossom.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Permanently attached; -- said of the gonophores of certain hydroids which never became detached.

Sessile-eyed

Ses"sile-eyed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having eyes which are not elevated on a stalk; -- opposed to stalk-eyed. Sessile-eyed Crustacea, the Arthrostraca.

Session

Ses"sion (?), n. [L. sessio, fr. sedere, sessum, to sit: cf. F. session. See Sit.]

1. The act of sitting, or the state of being seated. [Archaic]

So much his ascension into heaven and his session at the right hand of God do import. Hooker.
But Viven, gathering somewhat of his mood, . . . Leaped from her session on his lap, and stood. Tennyson.

2. The actual sitting of a court, council, legislature, etc., or the actual assembly of the members of such a body, for the transaction of business.

It's fit this royal session do proceed. Shak.

3. Hence, also, the time, period, or term during which a court, council, legislature, etc., meets daily for business; or, the space of time between the first meeting and the prorogation or adjournment; thus, a session of Parliaments is opened with a speech from the throne, and closed by prorogation. The session of a judicial court is called a term.

It was resolved that the convocation should meet at the beginning of the next session of Parliament. Macaulay.
&hand; Sessions, in some of the States, is particularly used as a title for a court of justices, held for granting licenses to innkeepers, etc., and for laying out highways, and the like; it is also the title of several courts of criminal jurisdiction in England and the United States. Church session, the lowest court in the Presbyterian Church, composed of the pastor and a body of elders elected by the members of a particular church, and having the care of matters pertaining to the religious interests of that church, as the admission and dismission of members, discipline, etc. -- Court of Session, the supreme civil court of Scotland. -- Quarter sessions. (Eng.Law) See under Quarter. -- Sessions of the peace, sittings held by justices of the peace. [Eng.]

Sessional

Ses"sion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a session or sessions.

Sesspool

Sess"pool` (?), n. [Prov. E. suss hogwash, soss a dirty mess, a puddle + E. pool a puddle; cf. Gael. ses a coarse mess.] Same as Cesspool.

Sesterce

Ses"terce (?), n. [L. sestertius (sc. nummus), fr. sestertius two and a half; semis half + tertius third: cf. F. sesterce.] (Rom. Antiq.) A Roman coin or denomination of money, in value the fourth part of a denarius, and originally containing two asses and a half, afterward four asses, -- equal to about two pence sterling, or four cents. &hand; The sestertium was equivalent to one thousand sesterces, equal to \'9c8 17s 1d. sterling, or about $43, before the reign of Augustus. After his reign its value was about \'9c7 16s. 3d. sterling. The sesterce was originally coined only in silver, but later both in silver and brass.

Sestet

Ses*tet" (?), n. [It. sestetto, fr. sesto sixth, L. sextus, fr. sex six.]

1. (Mus.) A piece of music composed for six voices or six instruments; a sextet; -- called also sestuor. [Written also sestett, sestette.]

2. (Poet.) The last six lines of a sonnet.

Sestetto

Ses*tet"to (?), n.[It.] (Mus.) A sestet.

Sestine

Ses"tine (?), n. See Sextain.

Sestuor

Ses"tu*or (?), n. [F.] A sestet.

Set

Set (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Set; p. pr. & vb. n. Setting.] [OE. setten, AS. setton; akin to OS. settian, OFries. setta, D. zetten, OHG. sezzen, G. setzen, Icel. setja, Sw. s\'84tta, Dan. s, Goth. satjan; causative from the root of E. sit. Sit, and cf. Seize.]

1. To cause to sit; to make to assume a specified position or attitude; to give site or place to; to place; to put; to fix; as, to set a house on a stone foundation; to set a book on a shelf; to set a dish on a table; to set a chest or trunk on its bottom or on end.

I do set my bow in the cloud. Gen. ix. 13.

2. Hence, to attach or affix (something) to something else, or in or upon a certain place.

Set your affection on things above. Col. iii. 2.
The Lord set a mark upon Cain. Gen. iv. 15.

3. To make to assume specified place, condition, or occupation; to put in a certain condition or state (described by the accompanying words); to cause to be.

The Lord thy God will set thee on hihg. Deut. xxviii. 1.
I am come to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother. Matt. x. 35.
Every incident sets him thinking. Coleridge.

4. To fix firmly; to make fast, permanent, or stable; to render motionless; to give an unchanging place, form, or condition to. Specifically: -- (a) To cause to stop or stick; to obstruct; to fsten to a spot; hence, to occasion difficulty to; to embarrass; as, to set a coach in the mud.

They show how hard they are set in this particular. Addison.
(b) To fix beforehand; to determine; hence, to make unyielding or obstinate; to render stiff, unpliant, or rigid; as, to set one's countenance.
His eyes were set by reason of his age. 1 Kings xiv. 4.
On these three objects his heart was set. Macaulay.
Make my heart as a millstone, set my face as a flint. Tennyson.
(c) To fix in the ground, as a post or a tree; to plant; as, to set pear trees in an orchard. (d) To fix, as a precious stone, in a border of metal; to place in a setting; hence, to place in or amid something which serves as a setting; as, to set glass in a sash.
And him too rich a jewel to be set In vulgar metal for a vulgar use. Dryden.
(e) To render stiff or solid; especially, to convert into curd; to curdle; as, to set milk for cheese.

5. To put into a desired position or condition; to adjust; to regulate; to adapt. Specifically: -- <-- to set a table --> (a) To put in order in a particular manner; to prepare; as, to set (that is, to hone) a razor; to set a saw.

Tables for to sette, and beddes make. Chaucer.
(b) To extend and bring into position; to spread; as, to set the sails of a ship. (c) To give a pitch to, as a tune; to start by fixing the keynote; as, to set a psalm. Fielding. (d) To reduce from a dislocated or fractured state; to replace; as, to set a broken bone. (e) To make to agree with some standard; as, to set a watch or a clock. (f) (Masonry) To lower into place and fix silidly, as the blocks of cut stone in a structure.

6. To stake at play; to wager; to risk.

I have set my life upon a cast, And I will stand the hazard of the die. Shak.

7. To fit with music; to adapt, as words to notes; to prepare for singing.

Set thy own songs, and sing them to thy lute. Dryden.

8. To determine; to appoint; to assign; to fix; as, to set a time for a meeting; to set a price on a horse.

9. To adorn with something infixed or affixed; to stud; to variegate with objects placed here and there.

High on their heads, with jewels richly set, Each lady wore a radiant coronet. Dryden.
Pastoral dales thin set with modern farms. Wordsworth.

10. To value; to rate; -- with at.

Be you contented, wearing now the garland, To have a son set your decrees at naught. Shak.
I do not set my life at a pin's fee. Shak.

11. To point out the seat or position of, as birds, or other game; -- said of hunting dogs.

12. To establish as a rule; to furnish; to prescribe; to assign; as, to set an example; to set lessons to be learned.

13. To suit; to become; as, it sets him ill. [Scot.]

14. (Print.) To compose; to arrange in words, lines, etc.; as, to set type; to set a page. To set abroach. See Abroach. [Obs.] Shak. -- To set against, to oppose; to set in comparison with, or to oppose to, as an equivalent in exchange; as, to set one thing against another. -- To set agoing, to cause to move. -- To set apart, to separate to a particular use; to separate from the rest; to reserve. -- To set a saw, to bend each tooth a little, every alternate one being bent to one side, and the intermediate ones to the other side, so that the opening made by the saw may be a little wider than the thickness of the back, to prevent the saw from sticking. -- To set aside. (a) To leave out of account; to pass by; to omit; to neglect; to reject; to annul.

Setting aside all other considerations, I will endeavor to know the truth, and yield to that. Tillotson.
(b) To set apart; to reserve; as, to set aside part of one's income. (c) (Law) See under Aside. -- To set at defiance, to defy. -- To set at ease, to quiet; to tranquilize; as, to set the heart at ease. -- To set at naught, to undervalue; to contemn; to despise. "Ye have set at naught all my counsel." Prov. i. 25. -- To set a trap, snare, ∨ gin, to put it in a proper condition or position to catch prey; hence, to lay a plan to deceive and draw another into one's power. -- To set at work, ∨ To set to work. (a) To cause to enter on work or action, or to direct how tu enter on work. (b) To apply one's self; -- used reflexively. -- To set before. (a) To bring out to view before; to exhibit. (b) To propose for choice to; to offer to. -- To set by. (a) To set apart or on one side; to reject. (b) To attach the value of (anything) to. "I set not a straw by thy dreamings." Chaucer. -- To set by the compass, to observe and note the bearing or situation of by the compass. -- To set case, to suppose; to assume. Cf. Put case, under Put, v. t. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To set down. (a) To enter in writing; to register.
Some rules were to be set down for the government of the army. Clarendon.
(b) To fix; to establish; to ordain.
This law we may name eternal, being that order which God . . . hath set down with himself, for himself to do all things by. Hooker.
(c) To humiliate. -- To set eyes on, to see; to behold; to fasten the eyes on. -- To set fire to, ∨ To set on fire, to communicate fire to; fig., to inflame; to enkindle the passions of; to irritate. -- To set flying (Naut.), to hook to halyards, sheets, etc., instead of extending with rings or the like on a stay; -- said of a sail. -- To set forth. (a) To manifest; to offer or present to view; to exhibt; to display. (b) To publish; to promulgate; to make appear. Waller. (c) To send out; to prepare and send. [Obs.]
The Venetian admiral had a fleet of sixty galleys, set forth by the Venetians. Knolles.
-- To set forward. (a) To cause to advance. (b) To promote. -- To set free, to release from confinement, imprisonment, or bondage; to liberate; to emancipate. -- To set in, to put in the way; to begin; to give a start to. [Obs.]
If you please to assist and set me in, I will recollect myself. Collier.
-- To set in order, to adjust or arrange; to reduce to method. "The rest will I set in order when I come." 1 Cor. xi. 34. -- To set milk. (a) To expose it in open dishes in order that the cream may rise to the surface. (b) To cause it to become curdled as by the action of rennet. See 4 (e).
-- To set much, ∨ little, by, to care much, or little, for. -- To set of, to value; to set by. [Obs.] "I set not an haw of his proverbs." Chaucer. -- To set off. (a) To separate from a whole; to assign to a particular purpose; to portion off; as, to set off a portion of an estate. (b) To adorn; to decorate; to embellish.
They . . . set off the worst faces with the best airs. Addison.
(c) To give a flattering description of. -- To set off against, to place against as an equivalent; as, to set off one man's services against another's. -- To set on ∨ upon. (a) To incite; to instigate. "Thou, traitor, hast set on thy wife to this." Shak. (b) To employ, as in a task. " Set on thy wife to observe." Shak. (c) To fix upon; to attach strongly to; as, to set one's heart or affections on some object. See definition 2, above. -- To set one's cap for. See under Cap, n. -- To set one's self against, to place one's self in a state of enmity or opposition to. -- To set one's teeth, to press them together tightly. -- To set on foot, to set going; to put in motion; to start. -- To set out. (a) To assign; to allot; to mark off; to limit; as, to set out the share of each proprietor or heir of an estate; to set out the widow's thirds. (b) To publish, as a proclamation. [Obs.] (c) To adorn; to embellish.
An ugly woman, in rich habit set out with jewels, nothing can become. Dryden.
(d) To raise, equip, and send forth; to furnish. [R.]
The Venetians pretend they could set out, in case of great necessity, thirty men-of-war. Addison.
(e) To show; to display; to recommend; to set off.
I could set out that best side of Luther. Atterbury.
(f) To show; to prove. [R.] "Those very reasons set out how heinous his sin was." Atterbury. (g) (Law) To recite; to state at large. -- To set over. (a) To appoint or constitute as supervisor, inspector, ruler, or commander. (b) To assign; to transfer; to convey. -- To set right, to correct; to put in order. -- To set sail. (Naut.) See under Sail, n. -- To set store by, to consider valuable. -- To set the fashion, to determine what shall be the fashion; to establish the mode. -- To set the teeth on edge, to affect the teeth with a disagreeable sensation, as when acids are brought in contact with them. -- To set the watch (Naut.), to place the starboard or port watch on duty. -- To set to, to attach to; to affix to. "He . . . hath set to his seal that God is true." John iii. 33. -- To set up. (a) To erect; to raise; to elevate; as, to set up a building, or a machine; to set up a post, a wall, a pillar. (b) Hence, to exalt; to put in power. "I will . . . set up the throne of David over Israel." 2 Sam. iii. 10. (c) To begin, as a new institution; to institute; to establish; to found; as, to set up a manufactory; to set up a school. (d) To enable to commence a new business; as, to set up a son in trade. (e) To place in view; as, to set up a mark. (f) To raise; to utter loudly; as, to set up the voice.
I'll set up such a note as she shall hear. Dryden.
(g) To advance; to propose as truth or for reception; as, to set up a new opinion or doctrine. T. Burnet. (h) To raise from depression, or to a sufficient fortune; as, this good fortune quite set him up. (i) To intoxicate. [Slang] (j) (Print.) To put in type; as, to set up copy; to arrange in words, lines, etc., ready for printing; as, to set up type. -- To set up the rigging (Naut.), to make it taut by means of tackles. R. H. Dana, Jr. Syn. -- See Put.

Set

Set (?), v. i.

1. To pass below the horizon; to go down; to decline; to sink out of sight; to come to an end.

Ere the weary sun set in the west. Shak.
Thus this century sets with little mirth, and the next is likely to arise with more mourning. Fuller.

2. To fit music to words. [Obs.] Shak.

3. To place plants or shoots in the ground; to plant. "To sow dry, and set wet." Old Proverb.

4. To be fixed for growth; to strike root; to begin to germinate or form; as, cuttings set well; the fruit has set well (i. e., not blasted in the blossom).

5. To become fixed or rigid; to be fastened.

A gathering and serring of the spirits together to resist, maketh the teeth to set hard one against another. Bacon.

6. To congeal; to concrete; to solidify.

That fluid substance in a few minutes begins to set. Boyle.

7. To have a certain direction in motion; to flow; to move on; to tend; as, the current sets to the north; the tide sets to the windward.

8. To begin to move; to go out or forth; to start; -- now followed by out.

The king is set from London. Shak.

9. To indicate the position of game; -- said of a dog; as, the dog sets well; also, to hunt game by the aid of a setter.

10. To apply one's self; to undertake earnestly; -- now followed by out.

If he sets industriously and sincerely to perform the commands of Christ, he can have no ground of doubting but it shall prove successful to him. Hammond.

11. To fit or suit one; to sit; as, the coat sets well. [Colloquially used, but improperly, for sit.] &hand; The use of the verb set for sit in such expressions as, the hen is setting on thirteen eggs; a setting hen, etc., although colloquially common, and sometimes tolerated in serious writing, is not to be approved. To set about, to commence; to begin. -- To set forward, to move or march; to begin to march; to advance. -- To set forth, to begin a journey. -- To set in. (a) To begin; to enter upon a particular state; as, winter set in early. (b) To settle one's self; to become established. "When the weather was set in to be very bad." Addyson. (c) To flow toward the shore; -- said of the tide. -- To set off. (a) To enter upon a journey; to start. (b) (Typog.) To deface or soil the next sheet; -- said of the ink on a freshly printed sheet, when another sheet comes in contract with it before it has had time to dry. -- To set on ∨ upon. (a) To begin, as a journey or enterprise; to set about.

He that would seriously set upon the search of truth. Locke.
(b) To assault; to make an attack. Bacon.
Cassio hath here been set on in the dark. Shak.
-- To set out, to begin a journey or course; as, to set out for London, or from London; to set out in business;to set out in life or the world. -- To set to, to apply one's self to. -- To set up. (a) To begin business or a scheme of life; as, to set up in trade; to set up for one's self. (b) To profess openly; to make pretensions.
Those men who set up for mortality without regard to religion, are generally but virtuous in part. Swift.

Page 1318

Set

Set (?), a.

1. Fixed in position; immovable; rigid; as, a set line; a set countenance.

2. Firm; unchanging; obstinate; as, set opinions or prejudices.

3. Regular; uniform; formal; as, a set discourse; a set battle. "The set phrase of peace." Shak.

4. Established; prescribed; as, set forms of prayer.

5. Adjusted; arranged; formed; adapted. Set hammer. (a) A hammer the head of which is not tightly fastened upon the handle, but may be reversed. Knight. (b) A hammer with a concave face which forms a die for shaping anything, as the end of a bolt, rivet, etc. -- Set line, a line to which a number of baited hooks are attached, and which, supported by floats and properly secured, may be left unguarded during the absence of the fisherman. -- Set nut, a jam nut or lock nut. See under Nut. -- Set screw (Mach.), a screw, sometimes cupped or printed at one end, and screwed through one part, as of a machine, tightly upon another part, to prevent the one from slipping upon the other. -- Set speech, a speech carefully prepared before it is delivered in public; a formal or methodical speech.

Set

Set, n.

1. The act of setting, as of the sun or other heavenly body; descent; hence, the close; termination. "Locking at the set of day." Tennyson.

The weary sun hath made a golden set. Shak.

2. That which is set, placed, or fixed. Specifically: -- (a) A young plant for growth; as, a set of white thorn. (b) That which is staked; a wager; a venture; a stake; hence, a game at venture. [Obs. or R.]

We will in France, by God's grace, play a set Shall strike his father's crown into the hazard. Shak.
That was but civil war, an equal set. Dryden.
(c) (Mech.) Permanent change of figure in consequence of excessive strain, as from compression, tension, bending, twisting, etc.; as, the set of a spring. (d) A kind of punch used for bending, indenting, or giving shape to, metal; as, a saw set. (e) (Pile Driving) A piece placed temporarily upon the head of a pile when the latter cannot be reached by the weight, or hammer, except by means of such an intervening piece. [Often incorrectly written sett.] (f) (Carp.) A short steel spike used for driving the head of a nail below the surface.

3. [Perhaps due to confusion with sect, sept.] A number of things of the same kind, ordinarily used or classed together; a collection of articles which naturally complement each other, and usually go together; an assortment; a suit; as, a set of chairs, of china, of surgical or mathematical instruments, of books, etc. [In this sense, sometimes incorrectly written sett.]

4. A number of persons associated by custom, office, common opinion, quality, or the like; a division; a group; a clique. "Others of our set." Tennyson.

This falls into different divisions, or sets, of nations connected under particular religions. R. P. Ward.

5. Direction or course; as, the set of the wind, or of a current.

6. In dancing, the number of persons necessary to execute a quadrille; also, the series of figures or movements executed.

7. The deflection of a tooth, or of the teeth, of a saw, which causes the the saw to cut a kerf, or make an opening, wider than the blade.

8. (a) A young oyster when first attached. (b) Collectively, the crop of young oysters in any locality.

9. (Tennis) A series of as many games as may be necessary to enable one side to win six. If at the end of the tenth game the score is a tie, the set is usually called a deuce set, and decided by an application of the rules for playing off deuce in a game. See Deuce.

10. (Type Founding) That dimension of the body of a type called by printers the width. Dead set. (a) The act of a setter dog when it discovers the game, and remains intently fixed in pointing it out. (b) A fixed or stationary condition arising from obstacle or hindrance; a deadlock; as, to be at a dead set. (c) A concerted scheme to defraud by gaming; a determined onset. -- To make a dead set, to make a determined onset, literally or figuratively. Syn. -- Collection; series; group. See Pair.

Seta

Se"ta (?), n.; pl. Set\'91. [L. seta, saeta, a bristle.]

1. (Biol.) Any slender, more or less rigid, bristlelike organ or part; as the hairs of a caterpillar, the slender spines of a crustacean, the hairlike processes of a protozoan, the bristles or stiff hairs on the leaves of some plants, or the pedicel of the capsule of a moss.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the movable chitinous spines or hooks of an annelid. They usually arise in clusters from muscular capsules, and are used in locomotion and for defense. They are very diverse in form. (b) One of the spinelike feathers at the base of the bill of certain birds.

Setaceous

Se*ta"ceous (?), a. [L. seta a bristle: cf. F. s\'82tac\'82.]

1. Set with, or consisting of, bristles; bristly; as, a stiff, setaceous tail.

2. Bristelike in form or texture; as, a setaceous feather; a setaceous leaf.

Setback

Set"back` (?), n.

1. (Arch.) Offset, n., 4.

2. A backset; a countercurrent; an eddy. [U. S.]

3. A backset; a check; a repulse; a reverse; a relapse. [Colloq. U.S.]

Setbolt

Set"bolt` (?), n. (Shipbuilding)

1. An iron pin, or bolt, for fitting planks closely together. Craig.

2. A bolt used for forcing another bolt out of its hole.

Setdown

Set"down` (?), n. The humbling of a person by act or words, especially by a retort or a reproof; the retort or the reproof which has such effect.

Setee

Set*ee" (?), n. (Naut.) See 2d Settee.

Seten

Set"en (?), obs. imp. pl. of Sit. Sat. Chaucer.

Setewale

Set"e*wale (?), n. See Cetewale. [Obs.]

Set-fair

Set"-fair` (?), n. In plastering, a particularly good troweled surface. Knight.

Setfoil

Set"foil` (?), n. See Septfoil.

Sethen

Seth"en (?), adv. & conj. See Since. [Obs.]

Sethic

Seth"ic (?), a. See Sothic.

Setiferous

Se*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. seta a bristle + -ferous.] Producing, or having one or more, bristles.

Setiform

Se"ti*form (?), a. [Seta + -form: cf. F. s\'82tiforme.] Having the form or structure of set\'91.

Setiger

Se"ti*ger (?), n. [NL. See Setigerous.] (Zo\'94l.) An annelid having set\'91; a ch\'91topod.

Setigerous

Se*tig"er*ous (?), a. [Seta + -gerous.] Covered with bristles; having or bearing a seta or set\'91; setiferous; as, setigerous glands; a setigerous segment of an annelid; specifically (Bot.), tipped with a bristle.

Setim

Se"tim (?), n. See Shittim.

Setiparous

Se*tip"a*rous (?), a. [Seta + L. papere to produce.] (Zo\'94l.) Producing set\'91; -- said of the organs from which the set\'91 of annelids arise.

Setireme

Se"ti*reme (?), n. [Seta + L. remus an oar.] (Zo\'94l.) A swimming leg (of an insect) having a fringe of hairs on the margin.

Setness

Set"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being set; formality; obstinacy. "The starched setness of a sententious writer." R. Masters.

Set-off

Set"-off` (?), n. [Set + off.]

1. That which is set off against another thing; an offset.

I do not contemplate such a heroine as a set-off to the many sins imputed to me as committed against woman. D. Jerrold.

2. That which is used to improve the appearance of anything; a decoration; an ornament.

3. (Law) A counterclaim; a cross debt or demand; a distinct claim filed or set up by the defendant against the plaintiff's demand. &hand; Set-off differs from recoupment, as the latter generally grows out of the same matter or contract with the plaintiff's claim, while the former grows out of distinct matter, and does not of itself deny the justice of the plaintiff's demand. Offset is sometimes improperly used for the legal term set-off. See Recoupment.

4. (Arch.) Same as Offset, n., 4.

5. (Print.) See Offset, 7. Syn. -- Set-off, Offset. -- Offset originally denoted that which branches off or projects, as a shoot from a tree, but the term has long been used in America in the sense of set-off. This use is beginning to obtain in England; though Macaulay uses set-off, and so, perhaps, do a majority of English writers.

Seton

Se"ton (?), n. [F. s\'82ton (cf. It. setone), from L. seta a thick, stiff hair, a bristle.] (Med. & Far.) A few silk threads or horsehairs, or a strip of linen or the like, introduced beneath the skin by a knife or needle, so as to form an issue; also, the issue so formed.

Setose, Setous

Se*tose" (?), Se"tous (?), a. [L. setosus, saetosus, from seta, saeta, bristle: cf. F. s\'82teux.] Thickly set with bristles or bristly hairs.

Setout

Set"out` (?), n. A display, as of plate, equipage, etc.; that which is displayed. [Coloq.] Dickens.

Set-stitched

Set"-stitched` (?), a. Stitched according to a formal pattern. "An old set-stiched chair, valanced, and fringed with party-colored worsted bobs." Sterne.

Sett

Sett (?), n. See Set, n., 2 (e) and 3.

Settee

Set*tee" (?), n. [From Set; cf. Settle a seat.] A long seat with a back, -- made to accommodate several persons at once.

Settee

Set*tee", n. [F. sc\'82tie, scitie.] (Naut.) A vessel with a very long, sharp prow, carrying two or three masts with lateen sails, -- used in the Mediterranean. [Written also setee.]

Setter

Set"ter (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, sets; -- used mostly in composition with a noun, as typesetter; or in combination with an adverb, as a setter on (or inciter), a setter up, a setter forth.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A hunting dog of a special breed originally derived from a cross between the spaniel and the pointer. Modern setters are usually trained to indicate the position of game birds by standing in a fixed position, but originally they indicated it by sitting or crouching. &hand; There are several distinct varieties of setters; as, the Irish, or red, setter; the Gordon setter, which is usually red or tan varied with black; and the English setter, which is variously colored, but usually white and tawny red, with or without black.

3. One who hunts victims for sharpers. Shak.

4. One who adapts words to music in composition.

5. An adornment; a decoration; -- with off. [Obs.]

They come as . . . setters off of thy graces. Whitlock.

6. (Pottery) A shallow seggar for porcelain. Ure.

Setter

Set"ter, v. t. To cut the dewlap (of a cow or an ox), and to insert a seton, so as to cause an issue. [Prov. Eng.]

Setterwort

Set"ter*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The bear's-foot (Helleborus f&oe;tidus); -- so called because the root was used in settering, or inserting setons into the dewlaps of cattle. Called also pegroots. Dr. Prior.

Setting

Set"ting (?), n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, sets; as, the setting of type, or of gems; the setting of the sun; the setting (hardening) of moist plaster of Paris; the setting (set) of a current.

2. The act of marking the position of game, as a setter does; also, hunting with a setter. Boyle.

3. Something set in, or inserted.

Thou shalt set in it settings of stones. Ex. xxviii. 17.

4. That in which something, as a gem, is set; as, the gold setting of a jeweled pin. Setting coat (Arch.), the finishing or last coat of plastering on walls or ceilings. -- Setting dog, a setter. See Setter, n., 2. -- Setting pole, a pole, often iron-pointed, used for pushing boats along in shallow water. -- Setting rule. (Print.) A composing rule.

Settle

Set"tle (?), n. [OE. setel, setil, a seat, AS. setl: akin to OHG. sezzal, G. sessel, Goth. sitls, and E. sit. &root;154. See Sit.]

1. A seat of any kind. [Obs.] "Upon the settle of his majesty" Hampole.

2. A bench; especially, a bench with a high back.

3. A place made lower than the rest; a wide step or platform lower than some other part.

And from the bottom upon the ground, even to the lower settle, shall be two cubits, and the breadth one cubit. Ezek. xliii. 14.
Settle bed, a bed convertible into a seat. [Eng.]

Settle

Set"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Settled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Settling (?).] [OE. setlen, AS. setlan. &root;154. See Settle, n. In senses 7, 8, and 9 perhaps confused with OE. sahtlen to reconcile, AS. sahtlian, fr. saht reconciliation, sacon to contend, dispute. Cf. Sake.]

1. To place in a fixed or permanent condition; to make firm, steady, or stable; to establish; to fix; esp., to establish in life; to fix in business, in a home, or the like.

And he settled his countenance steadfastly upon him, until he was ashamed. 2 Kings viii. 11. (Rev. Ver.)
The father thought the time drew on Of setting in the world his only son. Dryden.

2. To establish in the pastoral office; to ordain or install as pastor or rector of a church, society, or parish; as, to settle a minister. [U. S.]

3. To cause to be no longer in a disturbed condition; to render quiet; to still; to calm; to compose.

God settled then the huge whale-bearing lake. Chapman.
Hoping that sleep might settle his brains. Bunyan.

4. To clear of dregs and impurities by causing them to sink; to render pure or clear; -- said of a liquid; as, to settle coffee, or the grounds of coffee.

5. To restore or bring to a smooth, dry, or passable condition; -- said of the ground, of roads, and the like; as, clear weather settles the roads.

6. To cause to sink; to lower; to depress; hence, also, to render close or compact; as, to settle the contents of a barrel or bag by shaking it.

7. To determine, as something which is exposed to doubt or question; to free from unscertainty or wavering; to make sure, firm, or constant; to establish; to compose; to quiet; as, to settle the mind when agitated; to settle questions of law; to settle the succession to a throne; to settle an allowance.

It will settle the wavering, and confirm the doubtful. Swift.

8. To adjust, as something in discussion; to make up; to compose; to pacify; as, to settle a quarrel.

9. To adjust, as accounts; to liquidate; to balance; as, to settle an account.

10. Hence, to pay; as, to settle a bill. [Colloq.] Abbott.

11. To plant with inhabitants; to colonize; to people; as, the French first settled Canada; the Puritans settled New England; Plymouth was settled in 1620. To settle on ∨ upon, to confer upon by permanent grant; to assure to. "I . . . have settled upon him a good annuity." Addison. -- To settle the land (Naut.), to cause it to sink, or appear lower, by receding from it. Syn. -- To fix; establish; regulate; arrange; compose; adjust; determine; decide.

Settle

Set"tle, v. i.

1. To become fixed or permanent; to become stationary; to establish one's self or itself; to assume a lasting form, condition, direction, or the like, in place of a temporary or changing state.

The wind came about and settled in the west. Bacon.
Chyle . . . runs through all the intermediate colors until it settles in an intense red. Arbuthnot.

2. To fix one's residence; to establish a dwelling place or home; as, the Saxons who settled in Britain.

3. To enter into the married state, or the state of a householder.

As people marry now and settle. Prior.

4. To be established in an employment or profession; as, to settle in the practice of law.

5. To become firm, dry, and hard, as the ground after the effects of rain or frost have disappeared; as, the roads settled late in the spring.

6. To become clear after being turbid or obscure; to clarify by depositing matter held in suspension; as, the weather settled; wine settles by standing.

A government, on such occasions, is always thick before it settles. Addison.

7. To sink to the bottom; to fall to the bottom, as dregs of a liquid, or the sediment of a reserveir.

8. To sink gradually to a lower level; to subside, as the foundation of a house, etc.

9. To become calm; to cease from agitation.

Till the fury of his highness settle, Come not before him. Shak.

10. To adjust differences or accounts; to come to an agreement; as, he has settled with his creditors.

11. To make a jointure for a wife.

He sighs with most success that settles well. Garth.

Settledness

Set"tled*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being settled; confirmed state. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Settlement

Set"tle*ment (?), n.

1. The act of setting, or the state of being settled. Specifically: -- (a) Establishment in life, in business, condition, etc.; ordination or installation as pastor.

Every man living has a design in his head upon wealth power, or settlement in the world. L'Estrange.
(b) The act of peopling, or state of being peopled; act of planting, as a colony; colonization; occupation by settlers; as, the settlement of a new country.
Page 1319

(c) The act or process of adjusting or determining; composure of doubts or differences; pacification; liquidation of accounts; arrangement; adjustment; as, settlement of a controversy, of accounts, etc. (d) Bestowal, or giving possession, under legal sanction; the act of giving or conferring anything in a formal and permanent manner.

My flocks, my fields, my woods, my pastures take, With settlement as good as law can make. Dryden.
(e) (Law) A disposition of property for the benefit of some person or persons, usually through the medium of trustees, and for the benefit of a wife, children, or other relatives; jointure granted to a wife, or the act of granting it.

2. That which settles, or is settled, established, or fixed. Specifically: -- (a) Matter that subsides; settlings; sediment; lees; dregs. [Obs.]

Fuller's earth left a thick settlement. Mortimer.
(b) A colony newly established; a place or region newly settled; as, settlement in the West. (c) That which is bestowed formally and permanently; the sum secured to a person; especially, a jointure made to a woman at her marriage; also, in the United States, a sum of money or other property formerly granted to a pastor in additional to his salary.

3. (Arch.) (a) The gradual sinking of a building, whether by the yielding of the ground under the foundation, or by the compression of the joints or the material. (b) pl. Fractures or dislocations caused by settlement.

4. (Law) A settled place of abode; residence; a right growing out of residence; legal residence or establishment of a person in a particular parish or town, which entitles him to maintenance if a pauper, and subjects the parish or town to his support. Blackstone. Bouvier. Act of settlement (Eng. Hist.), the statute of 12 and 13 William III, by which the crown was limited to the present reigning house (the house of Hanover). Blackstone.

Settler

Set"tler (?), n.

1. One who settles, becomes fixed, established, etc.

2. Especially, one who establishes himself in a new region or a colony; a colonist; a planter; as, the first settlers of New England.

3. That which settles or finishes; hence, a blow, etc., which settles or decides a contest. [Colloq.]

4. A vessel, as a tub, in which something, as pulverized ore suspended in a liquid, is allowed to settle.

Settling

Set"tling (?), n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, settles; the act of establishing one's self, of colonizing, subsiding, adjusting, etc.

2. pl. That which settles at the bottom of a liquid; lees; dregs; sediment. Milton. Settling day, a day for settling accounts, as in the stock market.

Set-to

Set"-to` (?), n. A contest in boxing, in an argument, or the like. [Colloq.] Halliwell.

Setula

Set"u*la (?), n.; pl. Setul\'91 (#). [L. setula, saetula, dim. of seta, saeta, bristle.] A small, short hair or bristle; a small seta.

Setule

Set"ule (?), n. [See Setula.] A setula.

Setulose

Set"u*lose` (?), a. Having small bristles or set\'91.

Setwall

Set"wall` (?), n. [CF. Cetewale.] (Bot.) A plant formerly valued for its restorative qualities (Valeriana officinalis, or V. Pyrenaica). [Obs.] [Written also setwal.] Chaucer.

Seven

Sev"en (?), a. [OE. seven, seoven, seofen, AS. seofon, seofan, seofen; akin to D. zeven, OS., Goth., & OHG. sibun, G. sieben, Icel. sjau, sj\'94, Sw. sju, Dan. syv, Lith. septyni, Russ. seme, W. saith, Gael. seachd, Ir. seacht, L. septem, Gr. saptan. &root;305. Cf. Hebdomad, Heptagon, September.] One more than six; six and one added; as, seven days make one week. Seven sciences. See the Note under Science, n., 4. -- Seven stars (Astron.), the Pleiades. -- Seven wonders of the world. See under Wonders. -- Seven-year apple (Bot.), a rubiaceous shrub (Genipa clusiifolia) growing in the West Indies; also, its edible fruit. -- Seven-year vine (Bot.), a tropical climbing plant (Ipom&oe;a tuberosa) related to the morning-glory.

Seven

Sev"en, n.

1. The number greater by one than six; seven units or objects.

Of every beast, and bird, and insect small, Game sevens and pairs. Milton.

2. A symbol representing seven units, as 7, or vii.

Sevenfold

Sev"en*fold` (?), a. Repeated seven times; having seven thicknesses; increased to seven times the size or amount. "Sevenfold rage." Milton.

Sevenfold

Sev"en*fold`, adv. Seven times as much or as often.
Whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. Gen. iv. 15.

Sevennight

Seven"night (?), n. A week; any period of seven consecutive days and nights. See Sennight.

Sevenscore

Sev"en*score` (?), n. & a. Seven times twenty, that is, a hundred and forty.
The old Countess of Desmond . . . lived sevenscore years. Bacon.

Seven-shooter

Sev"en-shoot`er (?), n. A firearm, esp. a pistol, with seven barrels or chambers for cartridges, or one capable of firing seven shots without reloading. [Colloq.]

Seventeen

Sev"en*teen` (?), a. [OE. seventene, AS. seofont&ymac;ne, i. e., seven-ten. Cf. Seventy.] One more than sixteen; ten and seven added; as, seventeen years.

Seventeen

Sev"en*teen`, n.

1. The number greater by one than sixteen; the sum of ten and seven; seventeen units or objects.

2. A symbol denoting seventeen units, as 17, or xvii.

Seventeenth

Sev"en*teenth` (?), a. [From Seventeen: cf. AS. seofonte\'a2&edh;a, seofonteoge&edh;a.]

1. Next in order after the sixteenth; coming after sixteen others.

In . . . the seventeenth day of the month . . . were all the fountains of the great deep broken up. Gen. vii. 11.

2. Constituting or being one of seventeen equal parts into which anything is divided.

Seventeenth

Sev"en*teenth` (?), n.

1. The next in order after the sixteenth; one coming after sixteen others.

2. The quotient of a unit divided by seventeen; one of seventeen equal parts or divisions of one whole.

3. (Mus.) An interval of two octaves and a third.

Seventh

Sev"enth (?), a. [From Seven: cf. AS. seofo&edh;a.]

1. Next in order after the sixth;; coming after six others.

On the seventh day, God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. Gen. ii. 2.

2. Constituting or being one of seven equal parts into which anything is divided; as, the seventh part. Seventh day, the seventh day of the week; Saturday. -- Seventh-day Baptists. See under Baptist.

Seventh

Sev"enth, n.

1. One next in order after the sixth; one coming after six others.

2. The quotient of a unit divided by seven; one of seven equal parts into which anything is divided.

3. (Mus.) (a) An interval embracing seven diatonic degrees of the scale. (b) A chord which includes the interval of a seventh whether major, minor, or diminished.

Seven-thirties

Sev`en-thir"ties (?), n. pl. A name given to three several issues of United States Treasury notes, made during the Civil War, in denominations of $50 and over, bearing interest at the rate of seven and three tenths (thirty hundredths) per cent annually. Within a few years they were all redeemed or funded.

Seventhly

Sev"enth*ly (?), adv. In the seventh place.

Seventieth

Sev"en*ti*eth (?), a. [AS. hund-seofontigo&edh;a.]

1. Next in order after the sixty-ninth; as, a man in the seventieth year of his age.

2. Constituting or being one of seventy equal parts.

Seventieth

Sev"en*ti*eth, n.

1. One next in order after the sixty-ninth.

2. The quotient of a unit divided by seventy; one of seventy equal parts or fractions.

Seventy

Sev"en*ty (?), a. [AS. hund-seofontig. See Seven, and Ten, and cf. Seventeen, Sixty.] Seven times ten; one more than sixty-nine.

Seventy

Sev"en*ty, n.; pl. Seventies (.

1. The sum of seven times ten; seventy units or objects.

2. A symbol representing seventy units, as 70, or lxx. The Seventy, the translators of the Greek version of the Old Testament called the Septuagint. See Septuagint.

Seventy-four

Sev`en*ty-four" (?), n. (Naut.) A naval vessel carrying seventy-four guns.

Seven-up

Sev"en-up`, n. The game of cards called also all fours, and old sledge. [U. S.]

Sever

Sev"er (?), v. t. [imp. &. p. p. Severed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Severing.] [OF. sevrer, severer, to separate, F. sevrer to wean, fr. L. separare. See Separate, and cf. Several.]

1. To separate, as one from another; to cut off from something; to divide; to part in any way, especially by violence, as by cutting, rending, etc.; as, to sever the head from the body.

The angels shall come forth, and sever the wicked from among the just. Matt. xiii. 49.

2. To cut or break open or apart; to divide into parts; to cut through; to disjoin; as, to sever the arm or leg.

Our state can not be severed; we are one. Milton.

3. To keep distinct or apart; to except; to exempt.

I will sever in that day the land of Goshen, in which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there. Ex. viii. 22.

4. (Law) To disunite; to disconnect; to terminate; as, to sever an estate in joint tenancy. Blackstone.

Sever

Sev"er, v. i.

1. To suffer disjunction; to be parted, or rent asunder; to be separated; to part; to separate. Shak.

2. To make a separation or distinction; to distinguish.

The Lord shall sever between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt. Ex. ix. 4.
They claimed the right of severing in their challenge. Macaulay.

Severable

Sev"er*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being severed. Encyc. Dict.

Several

Sev"er*al (?), a. [OF., fr. LL. separalis, fr. L. separ separate, different. See Sever, Separate.]

1. Separate; distinct; particular; single.

Each several ship a victory did gain. Dryden.
Each might his several province well command, Would all but stoop to what they understand. Pope.

2. Diverse; different; various. Spenser.

Habits and faculties, several, and to be distinguished. Bacon.
Four several armies to the field are led. Dryden.

3. Consisting of a number more than two, but not very many; divers; sundry; as, several persons were present when the event took place.

Several

Sev"er*al, adv. By itself; severally. [Obs.]
Every kind of thing is laid up several in barns or storehoudses. Robynson (More's Utopia).

Several

Sev"er*al, n.

1. Each particular taken singly; an item; a detail; an individual. [Obs.]

There was not time enough to hear . . . The severals. Shak.

2. Persons oe objects, more than two, but not very many.

Several of them neither rose from any conspicuous family, nor left any behind them. Addison.

3. An inclosed or separate place; inclosure. [Obs.]

They had their several for heathen nations, their several for the people of their own nation. Hooker.
In several, in a state of separation. [R.] "Where pastures in several be." Tusser.

Severality

Sev`er*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Severalities (. Each particular taken singly; distinction. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Severalize

Sev"er*al*ize (?), v. t. To distinguish. [Obs.]

Severally

Sev"er*al*ly, adv. Separately; distinctly; apart from others; individually.
There must be an auditor to check and revise each severally by itself. De Quincey.

Severalty

Sev"er*al*ty (?), n. A state of separation from the rest, or from all others; a holding by individual right.
Forests which had never been owned in severalty. Bancroft.
Estate in severalty (Law), an estate which the tenant holds in his own right, without being joined in interest with any other person; -- distinguished from joint tenancy, coparcenary, and common. Blackstone.

Severance

Sev"er*ance (?), n.

1. The act of severing, or the state of being severed; partition; separation. Milman.

2. (Law) The act of dividing; the singling or severing of two or more that join, or are joined, in one writ; the putting in several or separate pleas or answers by two or more disjointly; the destruction of the unity of interest in a joint estate. Bouvier.

Severe

Se*vere" (?), a. [Compar. Severer (?); superl. Severest.] [L. severus; perhaps akin to Gr. swikns innocent, chaste: cf. F. s\'82v\'8are. Cf. Asseverate, Persevere.]

1. Serious in feeeling or manner; sedate; grave; austere; not light, lively, or cheerful.

Your looks alter, as your subject does, From kind to fierce, from wanton to severe. Waller.

2. Very strict in judgment, discipline, or government; harsh; not mild or indulgent; rigorous; as, severe criticism; severe punishment. "Custody severe." Milton.

Come! you are too severe a moraler. Shak.
Let your zeal, if it must be expressed in anger, be always more severe against thyself than against others. Jer. Taylor.

3. Rigidly methodical, or adherent to rule or principle; exactly conformed to a standard; not allowing or employing unneccessary ornament, amplification, etc.; strict; -- said of style, argument, etc. "Restrained by reason and severe principles." Jer. Taylor.

The Latin, a most severe and compendious language. Dryden.

4. Sharp; afflictive; distressing; violent; extreme; as, severe pain, anguish, fortune; severe cold.

5. Difficult to be endured; exact; critical; rigorous; as, a severe test. Syn. -- Strict; grave; austere; stern; morose; rigid; exact; rigorous; hard; rough; harsh; censorious; tart; acrimonious; sarcastic; satirical; cutting; biting; keen; bitter; cruel. See Strict. -- Se*vere"ly, adv. -- Se*vere"ness, n.

Severity

Se*ver"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Severities (#). [L. severitas: cf. F. s\'82v\'82rit\'82.] The quality or state of being severe. Specifically: -- (a) Gravity or austerity; extreme strictness; rigor; harshness; as, the severity of a reprimand or a reproof; severity of discipline or government; severity of penalties. "Strict age, and sour severity." Milton. (b) The quality or power of distressing or paining; extreme degree; extremity; intensity; inclemency; as, the severity of pain or anguish; the severity of cold or heat; the severity of the winter. (c) Harshness; cruel treatment; sharpness of punishment; as, severity practiced on prisoners of war. (d) Exactness; rigorousness; strictness; as, the severity of a test.
Confining myself to the severity of truth. Dryden.

Severy

Sev"er*y (?), n. [Prob. corrupted fr. ciborium. Oxf. Gloss.] (Arch.) A bay or compartment of a vaulted ceiling. [Written also civery.]

Sevocation

Sev`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L. sevocare, sevocatum, to call aside.] A calling aside. [Obs.]

S\'8avres blue

S\'8a"vres blue` (?). A very light blue.

S\'8avres ware

S\'8a"vres ware` (?). Porcelain manufactured at S\'8avres, France, ecpecially in the national factory situated there.

Sew

Sew (?), n.[OE. See Sewer household officer.] Juice; gravy; a seasoned dish; a delicacy. [Obs.] Gower.
I will not tell of their strange sewes. Chaucer.

Sew

Sew, v. t. [See Sue to follow.] To follow; to pursue; to sue. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Sew

Sew (?), v. t. [imp. Sewed (?); p. p. Sewed, rarely Sewn (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sewing.] [OE. sewen, sowen, AS. si\'a2wian, s\'c6wian; akin to OHG. siuwan, Icel. s, Sw. sy, Dan. sye, Goth. siujan, Lith. siuti, Russ, shite, L. ssuere, Gr. siv. &root;156. Cf. Seam a suture, Suture.]

1. To unite or fasten together by stitches, as with a needle and thread.

No man also seweth a piece of new cloth on an old garment. Mark ii. 21.

2. To close or stop by ssewing; -- often with up; as, to sew up a rip.

3. To inclose by sewing; -- sometimes with up; as, to sew money in a bag.

Sew

Sew, v. i. To practice sewing; to work with needle and thread.

Sew

Sew (?), v. t. [&root;151 b. See Sewer a drain.] To drain, as a pond, for taking the fish. [Obs.] Tusser.

Sewage

Sew"age (?), n.

1. The contents of a sewer or drain; refuse liquids or matter carried off by sewers

2. Sewerage, 2.

Sewe

Sewe (?), v. i. To perform the duties of a sewer. See 3d Sewer. [Obs.]

Sewel

Sew"el (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A scarecrow, generally made of feathers tied to a string, hung up to prevent deer from breaking into a place. Halliwell.

Sewellel

Se*wel"lel (?), n. [Of American Indian origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar gregarious burrowing rodent (Haplodon rufus), native of the coast region of the Northwestern United States. It somewhat resembles a muskrat or marmot, but has only a rudimentary tail. Its head is broad, its eyes are small and its fur is brownish above, gray beneath. It constitutes the family Haplodontid\'91. Called also boomer, showt'l, and mountain beaver.
Page 1320

Sewen

Sew"en (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A British trout usually regarded as a variety (var. Cambricus) of the salmon trout.

Sewer

Sew"er (?), n.

1. One who sews, or stitches.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A small tortricid moth whose larva sews together the edges of a leaf by means of silk; as, the apple-leaf sewer (Phoxopteris nubeculana)

Sewer

Sew"er (?), n. [OF. sewiere, seuwiere, ultimately fr. L. ex out + a derivative of aqua water; cf. OF. essevour a drain, essever, esseuwer, essiaver, to cause to flow, to drain, to flow, LL. exaquatorium a channel through which water runs off. Cf. Ewer, Aquarium.] A drain or passage to carry off water and filth under ground; a subterraneous channel, particularly in cities.

Sewer

Sew"er, n. [Cf. OE. assewer, and asseour, OF. asseour, F. asseoir to seat, to set, L. assidere to sit by; ad + sedere to sit (cf. Sit); or cf. OE. sew pottage, sauce, boiled meat, AS. se\'a0w juice, Skr. su to press out.] Formerly, an upper servant, or household officer, who set on and removed the dishes at a feast, and who also brought water for the hands of the guests.
Then the sewer Poured water from a great and golden ewer, That from their hands to a silver caldron ran. Chapman.

Sewerage

Sew"er*age (?), n.

1. The construction of a sewer or sewers.

2. The system of sewers in a city, town, etc.; the general drainage of a city or town by means of sewers.

3. The material collected in, and discharged by, sewers. [In this sense sewage is preferable and common.]

Sewin

Sew"in (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sewen.

Sewing

Sew"ing (?), n.

1. The act or occupation of one who sews.

2. That which is sewed with the needle. Sewing horse (Harness making), a clamp, operated by the foot, for holding pieces of leather while being sewed. -- Sewing machine, a machine for sewing or stitching. -- Sewing press, ∨ Sewing table (Bookbinding), a fixture or table having a frame in which are held the cords to which the back edges of folded sheets are sewed to form a book.

Sewster

Sew"ster (?), n. A seamstress. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Sex-

Sex- (?). [L. sex six. See Six.] A combining form meaning six; as, sexdigitism; sexennial.

Sex

Sex, n. [L. sexus: cf. F. sexe.]

1. The distinguishing peculiarity of male or female in both animals and plants; the physical difference between male and female; the assemblage of properties or qualities by which male is distinguished from female.

2. One of the two divisions of organic beings formed on the distinction of male and female.

3. (Bot.) (a) The capability in plants of fertilizing or of being fertilized; as, staminate and pistillate flowers are of opposite sexes. (b) One of the groups founded on this distinction. The sex, the female sex; women, in general.

Sexagenarian

Sex`a*ge*na"ri*an (?), n. [See Sexagenary.] A person who is sixty years old.

Sexagenary

Sex*ag"e*na*ry (?), a. [L. sexagenarius, fr. sexageni sixty each, akin to sexaginta sixty, sex six: cf. sexag\'82naire. See Six.] Pertaining to, or designating, the number sixty; poceeding by sixties; sixty years old. Sexagenary arithmetic. See under Sexagesimal. -- Sexagenary, ∨ Sexagesimal, scale (Math.), a scale of numbers in which the modulus is sixty. It is used in treating the divisions of the circle.

Sexagenary

Sex*ag"e*na*ry, n.

1. Something composed of sixty parts or divisions.

2. A sexagenarian. Sir W. Scott.

Sexagesima

Sex`a*ges"i*ma (?), n. [L., fem. of sexagesimus sixtieth, fr. sexaginta sixty.] (Eccl.) The second Sunday before Lent; -- so called as being about the sixtieth day before Easter.

Sexagesimal

Sex`a*ges"i*mal (?), a. [Cf. F. sexag\'82simal.] Pertaining to, or founded on, the number sixty. Sexagesimal fractions ∨ numbers (Arith. & Alg.), those fractions whose denominators are some power of sixty; as, astronomical fractions, because formerly there were no others used in astronomical calculations. -- Sexagesimal, ∨ Sexagenary, arithmetic, the method of computing by the sexagenary scale, or by sixties. -- Sexagesimal scale (Math.), the sexagenary scale.

Sexagesimal

Sex`a*ges"i*mal, n. A sexagesimal fraction.

Sexangle

Sex"an`gle (?), n. [L. sexangulus sexangular; sex six + angulus angle: cf. F. sexangle. Cf. Hexangular.] (Geom.) A hexagon. [R.] Hutton.

Sexangled, Sexangular

Sex"an`gled (?), Sex*an"gu*lar (?) a. [Cf. F. sexangulaire.] Having six angles; hexagonal. [R.] Dryden.

Sexangularly

Sex*an"gu*lar*ly, adv. Hexagonally. [R.]

Sexavalent

Sex*av"a*lent (?), a. See Sexivalent. [R.]

Sexdigitism

Sex*dig"it*ism (?), n. [Sex- + digit.] The state of having six fingers on a hand, or six toes on a foot.

Sexdigitist

Sex*dig"it*ist, n. One who has six fingers on a hand, or six toes on a foot.

Sexed

Sexed (?), a. Belonging to sex; having sex; distinctively male of female; as, the sexed condition.

Sexenary

Sex"e*na*ry (?), a. Proceeding by sixes; sextuple; -- applied especially to a system of arithmetical computation in which the base is six.

Sexennial

Sex*en"ni*al (?), a. [L. sexennium a period of six years, sexennis of six years; sex six + annus a year. See Six, and Annual.] Lasting six years, or happening once in six years. -- n. A sexennial event.

Sexennially

Sex*en"ni*al*ly, adv. Once in six years.

Sexfid, Sexifid

Sex"fid (?), Sex"i*fid (?), a. [Sex- + root of L. findere to split: cf. F. sexfide.] (Bot.) Six-cleft; as, a sexfid calyx or nectary.

Sexisyllabic

Sex`i*syl*lab"ic (?), a. [Sex- + syllabic.] Having six syllables. Emerson.

Sexisyllable

Sex"i*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Sex- + syllable.] A word of six syllables.

Sexivalent

Sex*iv"a*lent (?), a. [Sex- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valence.] (hem.) Hexavalent. [R.]

Sexless

Sex"less (?), a. Having no sex.

Sexlocular

Sex`loc"u*lar (?), a. [Sex- + locular: cf. F. sexloculaire.] (Bot.) Having six cells for seeds; six-celled; as, a sexlocular pericarp.

Sexly

Sex"ly (?), a. Pertaining to sex. [R.]
Should I ascribe any of these things unto myself or my sexly weakness, I were not worthy to live. Queen Elizabeth.

Sexradiate

Sex*ra"di*ate (?), a. [Sex- + radiate.] (Zo\'94l.) Having six rays; -- said of certain sponge spicules. See Illust. of Spicule.

Sext

Sext (?), n. [L. sexta, fem. of sextus sixtt, fr. sex six: cf. F. sexte.] (R.C.Ch.) (a) The office for the sixth canonical hour, being a part of the Breviary. (b) The sixth book of the decretals, added by Pope Boniface VIII.

Sextain

Sex"tain, n. [L. sextus sixth, fr. sex six: cf. It. sestina.] (Pros.) A stanza of six lines; a sestine.

Sextans

Sex"tans (?), n. [L. See Sextant.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) A Roman coin, the sixth part of an as.

2. (Astron.) A constellation on the equator south of Leo; the Sextant.

Sextant

Sex"tant (?), n. [L. sextans, -antis, the sixth part of an as, fr. sextus sixth, sex six. See Six.]

1. (Math.) The sixth part of a circle.

2. An instrument for measuring angular distances between objects, -- used esp. at sea, for ascertaining the latitude and longitude. It is constructed on the same optical principle as Hadley's quadrant, but usually of metal, with a nicer graduation, telescopic sight, and its arc the sixth, and sometimes the third, part of a circle. See Quadrant.

3. (Astron.) The constellation Sextans. Box sextant, a small sextant inclosed in a cylindrical case to make it more portable.

Sextary

Sex"ta*ry (?), n.; pl. Sextaries (#). [L. sextarius the sixth part of a measure, weight, etc., fr. sextus sixth, sex six.] (Rom. Antiq.) An ancient Roman liquid and dry measure, about equal to an English pint.

Sextary

Sex"ta*ry (?), n. [For sextonry.] A sacristy. [Obs.]

Sextet, Sextetto

Sex*tet" (?), Sex*tet"to (?), n. (Mus.) See Sestet.

Sexteyn

Sex"teyn (?), n. A sacristan. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sextic

Sex"tic (?), a. [L. sextus sixth.] (Math.) Of the sixth degree or order. -- n. (Alg.) A quantic of the sixth degree.

Sextile

Sex"tile (?), a. [F. sextil, fr. L. sextus the sixth, from sex six. See Six.] (Astrol.) Measured by sixty degrees; fixed or indicated by a distance of sixty degrees. Glanvill.

Sextile

Sex"tile, n. [Cf. F. aspect sextil.] (Astrol.) The aspect or position of two planets when distant from each other sixty degrees, or two signs. This position is marked thus: <8star/. Hutton.

Sextillion

Sex*til"lion (?), n. [Formed (in imitation of million) fr. L. sextus sixth, sex six: cf. F. sextilion.] According to the method of numeration (which is followed also in the United States), the number expressed by a unit with twenty-one ciphers annexed. According to the English method, a million raised to the sixth power, or the number expressed by a unit with thirty-six ciphers annexed. See Numeration.

Sexto

Sex"to (?), n.; pl. Sextos (#). [L. sextus sixth.] A book consisting of sheets each of which is folded into six leaves.

Sextodecimo

Sex`to*dec"i*mo (?), a. [L. sextus-decimus the sixteenth; sextus the sixth (fr. sex six) + decimus the tenth, from decem ten. See -mo.] Having sixteen leaves to a sheet; of, or equal to, the size of one fold of a sheet of printing paper when folded so as to make sixteen leaves, or thirty-two pages; as, a sextodecimo volume.

Sextodecimo

Sex`to*dec"imo, n.; pl. Sextodecimos (. A book composed of sheets each of which is folded into sixteen leaves; hence, indicating, more or less definitely, a size of a book; -- usually written 16mo, or 16°.

Sextolet

Sex"to*let (?), n. (Mus.) A double triplet; a group of six equal notes played in the time of four.

Sexton

Sex"ton (?), n. [OE. sextein, contr. fr. sacristan.] An under officer of a church, whose business is to take care of the church building and the vessels, vestments, etc., belonging to the church, to attend on the officiating clergyman, and to perform other duties pertaining to the church, such as to dig graves, ring the bell, etc. Sexton beetle (Zo\'94l.), a burying beetle.

Sextoness

Sex"ton*ess, n. A female sexton; a sexton's wife.

Sextonry

Sex"ton*ry (?), n. Sextonship. [Obs.] Ld. Bernes.

Sextonship

Sex"ton*ship, n. The office of a sexton. Swift.

Sextry

Sex"try (?), n. See Sacristy. [Obs.]

Sextuple

Sex"tu*ple (?), a. [Formed (in imitation of quadruple) fr. L. sextus sixth: cf. F. sextuple.]

1. Six times as much; sixfold.

2. (Mus.) Divisible by six; having six beats; as, sixtuple measure.

Sexual

Sex"u*al (?), a. [L. sexualis, fr. sexus sex: cf. F. sexuel.] Of or pertaining to sex, or the sexes; distinguishing sex; peculiar to the distinction and office of male or female; relating to the distinctive genital organs of the sexes; proceeding from, or based upon, sex; as, sexual characteristics; sexual intercourse, connection, or commerce; sexual desire; sexual diseases; sexual generation. Sexual dimorphism (Biol.), the condition of having one of the sexes existing in two forms, or varieties, differing in color, size, etc., as in many species of butterflies which have two kinds of females. -- Sexual method (Bot.), a method of classification proposed by Linn\'91us, founded mainly on difference in number and position of the stamens and pistils of plants. -- Sexual selection (Biol.), the selective preference of one sex for certain characteristics in the other, such as bright colors, musical notes, etc.; also, the selection which results from certain individuals of one sex having more opportunities of pairing with the other sex, on account of greater activity, strength, courage, etc.; applied likewise to that kind of evolution which results from such sexual preferences. Darwin.
In these cases, therefore, natural selection seems to have acted independently of sexual selection. A. R. Wallace.

Sexualist

Sex"u*al*ist, n. (Bot.) One who classifies plants by the sexual method of Linn\'91us.

Sexuality

Sex`u*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being distinguished by sex. Lindley.

Sexualize

Sex"u*al*ize (?), v. t. To attribute sex to.

Sexually

Sex"u*al*ly, adv. In a sexual manner or relation.

Sey, Seyh

Sey (?), Seyh (?), obs. imp. sing. & 2d pers. pl. of See. Chaucer.

Seye, Seyen

Seye (?), Seyen (?), obs. imp. pl. & p. p. of See.

Seynd

Seynd (?), obs. p. p. of Senge, to singe. Chaucer.

Seynt

Seynt (?), n. A gridle. See 1st Seint. [Obs.]

Sforzando, Sforzato

Sfor*zan"do (?), Sfor*za"to (?), a. [It. sforzando, p. pr., and sforzato, p. p. of sforzare to force.] (Mus.) Forcing or forced; -- a direction placed over a note, to signify that it must be executed with peculiar emphasis and force; -- marked fz (an abbreviation of forzando), sf, sfz, or

Sfumato

Sfu*ma"to (?), a. [It.] (Paint.) Having vague outlines, and colors and shades so mingled as to give a misty appearance; -- said of a painting.

Sgraffito

Sgraf*fi"to (?), a. [It.] (Paint.) Scratched; -- said of decorative painting of a certain style, in which a white overland surface is cut or scratched through, so as to form the design from a dark ground underneath.

Shab

Shab (?), n. [OE. shabbe, AS. sc. See Scab.] The itch in animals; also, a scab. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Shab

Shab, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shabbing.] [See Scab, 3.] To play mean tricks; to act shabbily. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

Shab

Shab, v. t. To scratch; to rub. [Obs.] Farquhar.

Shabbed

Shab"bed (?), a. Shabby. [Obs.] Wood.

Shabbily

Shab"bi*ly (?), adv. In a shabby manner.

Shabbiness

Shab"bi*ness, n. The quality or state of being sghabby.

Shabble, Shabble

Shab"ble (?), Shab"ble, n.[Cf. D. sabel, and G. s\'84bel.] A kind of crooked sword or hanger. [Scot.]

Shabby

Shab"by (?), a. [Compar. Shabbier (?); superl. Shabbiest.] [See Shab, n., Scabby, and Scab.]

1. Torn or worn to rage; poor; mean; ragged.

Wearing shabby coats and dirty shirts. Macaulay.

2. Clothed with ragged, much worn, or soiled garments. "The dean was so shabby." Swift.

3. Mean; paltry; despicable; as, shabby treatment. "Very shabby fellows." Clarendon.

Shabrack

Shab"rack (?), n. [Turk. tsh\'bepr\'bek, whence F. chabraque, G. shabracke.] (Mil.) The saddlecloth or housing of a cavalry horse.

Shack

Shack (?), v. t. [Prov. E., to shake, to shed. See Shake.]

1. To shed or fall, as corn or grain at harvest. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.

2. To feed in stubble, or upon waste corn. [Prov. Eng.]

3. To wander as a vagabond or a tramp. [Prev.Eng.]

Shack

Shack, n. [Cf. Scot. shag refuse of barley or oats.]

1. The grain left after harvest or gleaning; also, nuts which have fallen to the ground. [Prov. Eng.]

2. Liberty of winter pasturage. [Prov. Eng.]

3. A shiftless fellow; a low, itinerant beggar; a vagabond; a tramp. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] Forby.

All the poor old shacks about the town found a friend in Deacon Marble. H. W. Beecher.
Common of shack (Eng.Law), the right of persons occupying lands lying together in the same common field to turn out their cattle to range in it after harvest. Cowell.

Shackatory

Shack"a*to*ry (?), n. A hound. [Obs.]

Shackle

Shac"kle (?), n. Stubble. [Prov. Eng.] Pegge.

Shackle

Shac"kle, n. [Generally used in the plural.] [OE. schakkyll, schakle, AS. scacul, sceacul, a shackle, fr. scacan to shake; cf. D. schakel a link of a chain, a mesh, Icel. sk\'94kull the pole of a cart. See Shake.]

1. Something which confines the legs or arms so as to prevent their free motion; specifically, a ring or band inclosing the ankle or wrist, and fastened to a similar shackle on the other leg or arm, or to something else, by a chain or a strap; a gyve; a fetter.

His shackles empty left; himself escaped clean. Spenser.

2. Hence, that which checks or prevents free action.

His very will seems to be in bonds and shackles. South.

3. A fetterlike band worn as an ornament.

Most of the men and women . . . had all earrings made of gold, and gold shackles about their legs and arms. Dampier.

4. A link or loop, as in a chain, fitted with a movable bolt, so that the parts can be separated, or the loop removed; a clevis.

5. A link for connecting railroad cars; -- called also drawlink, draglink, etc.

6. The hinged and curved bar of a padlock, by which it is hung to the staple. Knight. Shackle joint (Anat.), a joint formed by a bony ring passing through a hole in a bone, as at the bases of spines in some fishes.


Page 1321

Shackle

Shac"kle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shackled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shackling.]

1. To tie or confine the limbs of, so as to prevent free motion; to bind with shackles; to fetter; to chain.

To lead him shackled, and exposed to scorn Of gathering crowds, the Britons' boasted chief. J. Philips.

2. Figuratively: To bind or confine so as to prevent or embarrass action; to impede; to cumber.

Shackled by her devotion to the king, she seldom could pursue that object. Walpole.

3. To join by a link or chain, as railroad cars. [U. S.] Shackle bar, the coupling between a locomotive and its tender. [U.S.] -- Shackle bolt, a shackle. Sir W. Scott.

Shacklock

Shack"lock` (?), n. A sort of shackle. [Obs.]

Shackly

Shack"ly, a. Shaky; rickety. [Colloq. U. S.]

Shad

Shad (?), n. sing. & pl. [AS. sceadda a kind of fish, akin to Prov. G. schade; cf. Ir. & Gael. sgadan a herring, W. ysgadan herrings; all perhaps akin to E. skate a fish.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of food fishes of the Herring family. The American species (Clupea sapidissima), which is abundant on the Atlantic coast and ascends the larger rivers in spring to spawn, is an important market fish. The European allice shad, or alose (C. alosa), and the twaite shad. (C. finta), are less important species. [Written also chad.] &hand; The name is loosely applied, also, to several other fishes, as the gizzard shad (see under Gizzard), called also mud shad, white-eyed shad, and winter shad. Hardboaded, ∨ Yellow-tailed, shad, the menhaden. -- Hickory, ∨ Tailor, shad, the mattowacca. -- Long-boned shad, one of several species of important food fishes of the Bermudas and the West Indies, of the genus Gerres. -- Shad bush (Bot.), a name given to the North American shrubs or small trees of the rosaceous genus Amelanchier (A. Canadensis, and A. alnifolia) Their white racemose blossoms open in April or May, when the shad appear, and the edible berries (pomes) ripen in June or July, whence they are called Juneberries. The plant is also called service tree, and Juneberry. -- Shad frog, an American spotted frog (Rana halecina); -- so called because it usually appears at the time when the shad begin to run in the rivers. -- Trout shad, the squeteague. -- White shad,the common shad.

Shadbird

Shad"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The American, or Wilson's, snipe. See under Snipe. So called because it appears at the same time as the shad. (b) The common European sandpiper. [Prov. Eng.]

Shadd

Shadd (?), n. (Mining.) Rounded stones containing tin ore, lying at the surface of the ground, and indicating a vein. Raymond.

Shadde

Shad"de (?), obs. imp. of Shed. Chaucer.

Shaddock

Shad"dock (?), n. [Said to be so called from a Captain Shaddock, who first brought this fruit from the East Indies.] (Bot.) A tree (Citrus decumana) and its fruit, which is a large species of orange; -- called also forbidden fruit, and pompelmous.

Shade

Shade (?), n. [OE. shade, shadewe, schadewe, AS. sceadu, scead; akin to OS. skado, D. schaduw, OHG. scato, (gen. scatewes), G. schatten, Goth. skadus, Ir. & Gael. sgath, and probably to Gr. Shadow, Shed a hat.]

1. Comparative obscurity owing to interception or interruption of the rays of light; partial darkness caused by the intervention of something between the space contemplated and the source of light. &hand; Shade differs from shadow as it implies no particular form or definite limit; whereas a shadow represents in form the object which intercepts the light. When we speak of the shade of a tree, we have no reference to its form; but when we speak of measuring a pyramid or other object by its shadow, we have reference to its form and extent.

2. Darkness; obscurity; -- often in the plural.

The shades of night were falling fast. Longfellow.

3. An obscure place; a spot not exposed to light; hence, a secluded retreat.

Let us seek out some desolate shade, and there Weep our sad bosoms empty. Shak.

4. That which intercepts, or shelters from, light or the direct rays of the sun; hence, also, that which protects from heat or currents of air; a screen; protection; shelter; cover; as, a lamp shade.

The Lord is thy shade upon thy right hand. Ps. cxxi. 5.
Sleep under a fresh tree's shade. Shak.
Let the arched knife well sharpened now assail the spreading shades of vegetables. J. Philips.

5. Shadow. [Poetic.]

Envy will merit, as its shade, pursue. Pope.

6. The soul after its separation from the body; -- so called because the ancients it to be perceptible to the sight, though not to the touch; a spirit; a ghost; as, the shades of departed heroes.

Swift as thought the flitting shade Thro' air his momentary journey made. Dryden.

7. (Painting, Drawing, etc.) The darker portion of a picture; a less illuminated part. See Def. 1, above.

8. Degree or variation of color, as darker or lighter, stronger or paler; as, a delicate shade of pink.

White, red, yellow, blue, with their several degrees, or shades and mixtures, as green only in by the eyes. Locke.

9. A minute difference or variation, as of thought, belief, expression, etc.; also, the quality or degree of anything which is distinguished from others similar by slight differences; as, the shades of meaning in synonyms.

New shades and combinations of thought. De Quincey.
Every shade of religious and political opinion has its own headquarters. Macaulay.
The Shades, the Nether World; the supposed abode of souls after leaving the body.

Shade

Shade (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Shading.]

1. To shelter or screen by intercepting the rays of light; to keep off illumination from. Milton.

I went to crop the sylvan scenes, And shade our altars with their leafy greens. Dryden.

2. To shelter; to cover from injury; to protect; to screen; to hide; as, to shade one's eyes.

Ere in our own house I do shade my head. Shak.

3. To obscure; to dim the brightness of.

Thou shad'st The full blaze of thy beams. Milton.

4. To pain in obscure colors; to darken.

5. To mark with gradations of light or color.

6. To present a shadow or image of; to shadow forth; to represent. [Obs.]

[The goddess] in her person cunningly did shade That part of Justice which is Equity. Spenser.

Shadeful

Shade"ful (?), a. Full of shade; shady.

Shadeless

Shade"less, a. Being without shade; not shaded.

Shader

Shad"er (?), n. One who, or that which, shades.

Shadily

Shad"i*ly (?), adv. In a shady manner.

Shadiness

Shad"i*ness, n. Quality or state of being shady.

Shading

Shad"ing, n.

1. Act or process of making a shade.

2. That filling up which represents the effect of more or less darkness, expressing rotundity, projection, etc., in a picture or a drawing.

Shadoof

Sha*doof" (?), n. [Ar. sh\'bed.] A machine, resembling a well sweep, used in Egypt for raising water from the Nile for irrigation.

Shadow

Shad"ow (?), n. [Originally the same word as shade. &root;162. See Shade.]

1. Shade within defined limits; obscurity or deprivation of light, apparent on a surface, and representing the form of the body which intercepts the rays of light; as, the shadow of a man, of a tree, or of a tower. See the Note under Shade, n., 1.

2. Darkness; shade; obscurity.

Night's sable shadows from the ocean rise. Denham.

3. A shaded place; shelter; protection; security.

In secret shadow from the sunny ray, On a sweet bed of lilies softly laid. Spenser.

4. A reflected image, as in a mirror or in water. Shak.

5. That which follows or attends a person or thing like a shadow; an inseparable companion; hence, an obsequious follower.

Sin and her shadow Death. Milton.

6. A spirit; a ghost; a shade; a phantom. "Hence, horrible shadow!" Shak.

7. An imperfect and faint representation; adumbration; indistinct image; dim bodying forth; hence, mystical reprresentation; type.

The law having a shadow of good things to come. Heb. x. 1.
[Types] and shadows of that destined seed. Milton.

8. A small degree; a shade. "No variableness, neither shadow of turning." James i. 17.

9. An uninvited guest coming with one who is invited. [A Latinism] Nares.

I must not have my board pastered with shadows That under other men's protection break in Without invitement. Massinger.
Shadow of death, darkness or gloom like that caused by the presence or the impending of death. Ps. xxiii. 4.

Shadow

Shad"ow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shadowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shadowing.] [OE. shadowen, AS. sceadwian. See adow, n.]

1. To cut off light from; to put in shade; to shade; to throw a shadow upon; to overspead with obscurity.

The warlike elf much wondered at this tree, So fair and great, that shadowed all the ground. Spenser.

2. To conceal; to hide; to screen. [R.]

Let every soldier hew him down a bough. And bear't before him; thereby shall we shadow The numbers of our host. Shak.

3. To protect; to shelter from danger; to shroud.

Shadoving their right under your wings of war. Shak.

4. To mark with gradations of light or color; to shade.

5. To represent faintly or imperfectly; to adumbrate; hence, to represent typically.

Augustus is shadowed in the person of Dryden.

6. To cloud; to darken; to cast a gloom over.

The shadowed livery of the burnished sun. Shak.
Why sad? I must not see the face O love thus shadowed. Beau & Fl.

7. To attend as closely as a shadow; to follow and watch closely, especially in a secret or unobserved manner; as, a detective shadows a criminal.

Shadowiness

Shad"ow*i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shadowy.

Shadowing

Shad"ow*ing, n.

1. Shade, or gradation of light and color; shading. Feltham.

2. A faint representation; an adumbration.

There are . . . in savage theology shadowings, quaint or majestic, of the conception of a Supreme Deity. Tylor.

Shadowish

Shad"ow*ish, a. Shadowy; vague. [Obs.] Hooker.

Shadowless

Shad"ow*less, a. Having no shadow.

Shadowy

Shad"ow*y (?), a.

1. Full of shade or shadows; causing shade or shadow. "Shadowy verdure." Fenton.

This shadowy desert, unfrequented woods. Shak.

2. Hence, dark; obscure; gloomy; dim. "The shadowy past." Longfellow.

3. Not brightly luminous; faintly light.

The moon . . . with more pleasing light, Shadowy sets off the face things. Milton.

4. Faintly representative; hence, typical.

From sshadowy types to truth, from flesh to spirit. Milton.

5. Unsubstantial; unreal; as, shadowy honor.

Milton has brought into his poems two actors of a shadowy and fictitious nature, in the persons of Sin and Death. Addison.

Shadrach

Sha"drach (?), n. (Metal.) A mass of iron on which the operation of smelting has failed of its intended effect; -- so called from Shadrach, one of the three Hebrews who came forth unharmed from the fiery furnace of Nebuchadnezzar. (See Dan. iii. 26, 27.)

Shad-spirit

Shad"-spir`it (?), n. See Shadbird (a)

Shad-waiter

Shad"-wait`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A lake whitefish; the roundfish. See Roundfish.

Shady

Shad"y (?), a. [Compar. Shadier (?); superl. Shadiest.]

1. Abounding in shade or shades; overspread with shade; causing shade.

The shady trees cover him with their shadow. Job. xl. 22.
And Amaryllis fills the shady groves. Dryden.

2. Sheltered from the glare of light or sultry heat.

Cast it also that you may have rooms shady for summer and warm for winter. Bacon.

3. Of or pertaining to shade or darkness; hence, unfit to be seen or known; equivocal; dubious or corrupt. [Colloq.] "A shady business." London Sat. Rev.

Shady characters, disreputable, criminal. London Spectator.
On the shady side of, on the thither side of; as, on the shady side of fifty; that is, more than fifty. [Colloq.] -- To keep shady, to stay in concealment; also, to be reticent. [Slang]

Shaffle

Shaf"fle (?), v. i. [See Shuffle.] To hobble or limp; to shuffle. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

Shaffler

Shaf"fler (?), n. A hobbler; one who limps; a shuffer. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

Shafiite

Sha"fi*ite (?), n. A member of one of the four sects of the Sunnites, or Orthodox Mohammedans; -- so called from its founder, Mohammed al-Shafe\'8b.

Shaft

Shaft (?), n. [OE. shaft, schaft, AS. sceaft; akin to D. schacht, OHG. scaft, G. schaft, Dan. & Sw. skaft handle, haft, Icel. skapt, and probably to L. scapus, Gr. Scape, Scepter, Shave.]

1. The slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence, an arrow.

His sleep, his meat, his drink, is him bereft, That lean he wax, and dry as is a shaft. Chaucer.
A shaft hath three principal parts, the stele [stale], the feathers, and the head. Ascham.

2. The long handle of a spear or similar weapon; hence, the weapon itself; (Fig.) anything regarded as a shaft to be thrown or darted; as, shafts of light.

And the thunder, Winged with red lightning and impetuous rage, Perhaps hath spent his shafts. Milton.
Some kinds of literary pursuits . . . have been attacked with all the shafts of ridicule. V. Knox.

3. That which resembles in some degree the stem or handle of an arrow or a spear; a long, slender part, especially when cylindrical. Specifically: (a) (Bot.) The trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant. (b) (Zo\'94l.) The stem or midrib of a feather. See Illust. of Feather. (c) The pole, or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill. (d) The part of a candlestick which supports its branches.

Thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold . . . his shaft, and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, shall be of the same. Ex. xxv. 31.
(e) The handle or helve of certain tools, instruments, etc., as a hammer, a whip, etc. (f) A pole, especially a Maypole. [Obs.] Stow. (g) (Arch.) The body of a column; the cylindrical pillar between the capital and base (see Illust. of Column). Also, the part of a chimney above the roof. Also, the spire of a steeple. [Obs. or R.] Gwilt. (h) A column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped or columnar monument.
Bid time and nature gently spare The shaft we raise to thee. Emerson.
(i) (Weaving) A rod at the end of a heddle. (j) (Mach.) A solid or hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the shaft of a steam engine. See Illust. of Countershaft.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A humming bird (Thaumastura cora) having two of the tail feathers next to the middle ones very long in the male; -- called also cora humming bird.

5. [Cf. G. schacht.] (Mining) A well-like excavation in the earth, perpendicular or nearly so, made for reaching and raising ore, for raising water, etc.

6. A long passage for the admission or outlet of air; an air shaft.

7. The chamber of a blast furnace. Line shaft (Mach.), a main shaft of considerable length, in a shop or factory, usually bearing a number of pulleys by which machines are driven, commonly by means of countershafts; -- called also line, or main line. -- Shaft alley (Naut.), a passage extending from the engine room to the stern, and containing the propeller shaft. -- Shaft furnace (Metal.), a furnace, in the form of a chimney, which is charged at the top and tapped at the bottom.

Shafted

Shaft"ed, a.

1. Furnished with a shaft, or with shafts; as, a shafted arch.

2. (Her.) Having a shaft; -- applied to a spear when the head and the shaft are of different tinctures.

Shafting

Shaft"ing, n. (Mach.) Shafts, collectivelly; a system of connected shafts for communicating motion.

Shaftman, Shaftment

Shaft"man (?), Shaft"ment (?), n. [AS. sceaftmund.] A measure of about six inches. [Obs.]
Page 1322

Shag

Shag (?), n. [AS. sceacga a bush of hair; akin to Icel. skegg the beard, Sw. sk\'84gg, Dan. skj. Cf. Schock of hair.]

1. Coarse hair or nap; rough, woolly hair.

True Witney broadcloth, with its shag unshorn. Gay.

2. A kind of cloth having a long, coarse nap.

3. (Com.) A kind of prepared tobacco cut fine.

4. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of cormorant.

Shag

Shag, a. Hairy; shaggy. Shak.

Shag

Shag, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shagging.] To make hairy or shaggy; hence, to make rough.
Shag the green zone that bounds the boreal skies. J. Barlow.
<-- (Sport) To chase, as (a) to chase and return balls hit out of bounds. (b) (Baseball) to catch fly balls for practise. -->

Shagbark

Shag"bark` (?), n. (Bot.) A rough-barked species of hickory (Carya alba), its nut. Called also shellbark. See Hickory. (b) The West Indian Pithecolobium micradenium, a legiminous tree with a red coiled-up pod.

Shagebush

Shage"bush` (?), n. A sackbut. [Obs.]

Shagged

Shag"ged (?), a. Shaggy; rough. Milton. -- Shag"ged*ness, n. Dr. H. More.

Shagginess

Shag"gi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shaggy; roughness; shaggedness.

Shaggy

Shag"gy (?), a. [Compar. Shaggier (?); superl. Shaggiest.] [From Shag, n.] Rough with long hair or wool.
About his shoulders hangs the shaggy skin. Dryden.

2. Rough; rugged; jaggy. Milton.

[A rill] that winds unseen beneath the shaggy fell. Keble.

Shag-haired

Shag"-haired` (?), a. Having shaggy hair. Shak.

Shag-rag

Shag"-rag` (?), n. The unkempt and ragged part of the community. [Colloq. or Slang.] R. Browning.

Shagreen

Sha*green" (?), v. t. To chagrin. [Obs.]

Shagreen

Sha*green", n. [F. chagrin, It. zigrino, fr. Turk. saghri the back of a horse or other beast of burden, shagreen. Cf. Chagrin.]

1. A kind of untanned leather prepared in Russia and the East, from the skins of horses, asses, and camels, and grained so as to be covered with small round granulations. This characteristic surface is produced by pressing small seeds into the grain or hair side when moist, and afterward, when dry, scraping off the roughness left between them, and then, by soaking, causing the portions of the skin which had been compressed or indented by the seeds to swell up into relief. It is used for covering small cases and boxes.

2. The skin of various small sharks and other fishes when having small, rough, bony scales. The dogfishes of the genus Scyllium furnish a large part of that used in the arts.

Shagreen, Shagreened

Sha*green" (?), Sha*greened" (?) a.

1. Made or covered with the leather called shagreen. "A shagreen case of lancets." T. Hook.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Covered with rough scales or points like those on shagreen.

Shah

Shah (?), n. [Per. sh\'beh a king, sovereign, prince. Cf. Checkmate, Chess, Pasha.] The title of the supreme ruler in certain Eastern countries, especially Persia. [Written also schah.] Shah Nameh. [Per., Book of Kings.] A celebrated historical poem written by Firdousi, being the most ancient in the modern Persian language. Brande & C.

Shahin

Sha*hin" (?), n. [Ar. sh\'beh\'c6n.] (Zo\'94l.) A large and swift Asiatic falcon (Falco pregrinator) highly valued in falconry.

Shaik

Shaik (?), n. See Sheik.

Shail

Shail (?), v. i. [Cf. AS. sceolh squinting, Icel. skj\'begr wry, oblique, Dan. skele to squint.] To walk sidewise. [Obs.] L'Estrange.

Shake

Shake (?), obs. p. p. of Shake. Chaucer.

Shake

Shake, v. t. [imp. Shook (?); p. p. Shaken (?), (Shook, obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Shaking.] [OE. shaken, schaken, AS. scacan, sceacan; akin to Icel. & Sw. skaka, OS. skakan, to depart, to flee. &root;161. Cf. Shock, v.]

1. To cause to move with quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly one way and the other; to make to tremble or shiver; to agitate.

As a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. Rev. vi. 13.
Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels That shake heaven's basis. Milton.

2. Fig.: To move from firmness; to weaken the stability of; to cause to waver; to impair the resolution of.

When his doctrines grew too strong to be shook by his enemies, they persecuted his reputation. Atterbury.
Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love Can by his fraud be shaken or seduced. Milton.

3. (Mus.) To give a tremulous tone to; to trill; as, to shake a note in music.

4. To move or remove by agitating; to throw off by a jolting or vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; -- generally with an adverb, as off, out, etc.; as, to shake fruit down from a tree.

Shake off the golden slumber of repose. Shak.
'Tis our fast intent To shake all cares and business from our age. Shak.
I could scarcely shake him out of my company. Bunyan.
To shake a cask (Naut.), to knock a cask to pieces and pack the staves. -- To shake hands, to perform the customary act of civility by clasping and moving hands, as an expression of greeting, farewell, good will, agreement, etc. -- To shake out a reef (Naut.), to untile the reef points and spread more canvas. -- To shake the bells. See under Bell. -- To shake the sails (Naut.), to luff up in the wind, causing the sails to shiver. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Shake

Shake, v. i. To be agitated with a waving or vibratory motion; to tremble; to shiver; to quake; to totter.
Under his burning wheels The steadfast empyrean shook throughout, All but the throne itself of God. Milton.
What danger? Who 's that that shakes behind there? Beau & FL.
Shaking piece, a name given by butchers to the piece of beef cut from the under side of the neck. See Illust. of Beef.

Shake

Shake (?), n.

1. The act or result of shaking; a vacillating or wavering motion; a rapid motion one way and other; a trembling, quaking, or shivering; agitation.

The great soldier's honor was composed Of thicker stuff, which could endure a shake. Herbert.
Our salutations were very hearty on both sides, consisting of many kind shakes of the hand. Addison.

2. A fissure or crack in timber, caused by its being dried too suddenly. Gwilt.

3. A fissure in rock or earth.

4. (Mus.) A rapid alternation of a principal tone with another represented on the next degree of the staff above or below it; a trill.

5. (Naut.) One of the staves of a hogshead or barrel taken apart. Totten.

6. A shook of staves and headings. Knight.

7. (Zo\'94l.) The redshank; -- so called from the nodding of its head while on the ground. [Prov. Eng.] No great shakes, of no great importance. [Slang] Byron. -- The shakes, the fever and ague. [Colloq. U.S.]

Shakedown

Shake"down` (?), n. A temporary substitute for a bed, as one made on the floor or on chairs; -- perhaps originally from the shaking down of straw for this purpose. Sir W. Scott. <-- shake down, v. t. subject to extortion. -->

Shakefork

Shake"fork` (?), n. A fork for shaking hay; a pitchfork. [Obs.]

Shaken

Shak"en (?), a.

1. Caused to shake; agitated; as, a shaken bough.

2. Cracked or checked; split. See Shake, n., 2.

Nor is the wood shaken or twisted. Barroe.

3. Impaired, as by a shock.

Shaker

Shak"er (?), n.

1. A person or thing that shakes, or by means of which something is shaken.

2. One of a religious sect who do not marry, popularly so called from the movements of the members in dancing, which forms a part of their worship. &hand; The sect originated in England in 1747, and came to the United States in 1774, under the leadership of Mother Ann Lee. The Shakers are sometimes nicknamed Shaking Quakers, but they differ from the Quakers in doctrine and practice. They style themselves the "United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing." The sect is now confined in the United States.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of pigeon. P. J. Selby.

Shakeress

Shak"er*ess, n. A female Shaker.

Shakerism

Shak"er*ism (?), n. Doctrines of the Shakers.

Shakespearean

Shake*spear"e*an (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or in the style of, Shakespeare or his works. [Written also Shakespearian, Shakspearean, Shakspearian, Shaksperean, Shaksperian.etc.]

Shakiness

Shak"i*ness (?), n. Quality of being shaky.

Shakings

Shak"ings (?), n. pl. (Naut.) Deck sweepings, refuse of cordage, canvas, etc. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Shako

Shak"o (?), n. [Hung. cs\'a0k\'a2: cf. F. shako, schako.] A kind of military cap or headress.

Shaky

Shak"y (?), a. [Compar. Shakier (?); superl. Shakiest.]

1. Shaking or trembling; as, a shaky spot in a marsh; a shaky hand. Thackeray.

2. Full of shakes or cracks; cracked; as, shaky timber. Gwilt.

3. Easily shaken; tottering; unsound; as, a shaky constitution; shaky business credit. [Colloq.]

Shale

Shale (?), n. [AS. scealy, scalu. See Scalme, and cf. Shell.]

1. A shell or husk; a cod or pod. "The green shales of a bean." Chapman.

2. [G. shale.] (Geol.) A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure. Bituminous shale. See under Bituminous.

Shale

Shale, v. t. To take off the shell or coat of; to shell.
Life, in its upper grades, was bursting its shell, or was shaling off its husk. I. Taylor.

Shall

Shall (?), v. i. & auxiliary. [imp. Should (?).] [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen, pres. zal, imp. zoude, zou, OHG. solan, scolan, pres. scal, sol. imp. scolta, solta, G. sollen, pres. soll, imp. sollte, Icel. skulu, pres. skal, imp. skyldi, SW. skola, pres. skall, imp. skulle, Dan. skulle, pres. skal, imp. skulde, Goth. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skulda, and to AS. scyld guilt, G. schuld guilt, fault, debt, and perhaps to L. scelus crime.] [Shall is defective, having no infinitive, imperative, or participle.]

1. To owe; to be under obligation for. [Obs.] "By the faith I shall to God" Court of Love.

2. To be obliged; must. [Obs.] "Me athinketh [I am sorry] that I shall rehearse it her." Chaucer.

3. As an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you shall go; he shall go; that is, I order or promise your going. It thus ordinarily expresses, in the second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. If the auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. It is also employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day shall come when . . . , " since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly coincide in significance. In shall with the first person, the necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than in the speaker; as, I shall suffer; we shall see; and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is indicated by will. "I shall go" implies nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or an expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a certain degree of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the shall, and the event is described as certain to occur, and the expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic "I will go." In a question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of course transferred to the person addressed; as, "Shall you go?" (answer, "I shall go"); "Shall he go?" i. e., "Do you require or promise his going?" (answer, "He shall go".) The same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such phrases as "You say, or think, you shall go;" "He says, or thinks, he shall go." After a conditional conjunction (as if, whether) shall is used in all persons to express futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he shall say they are right. Should is everywhere used in the same connection and the same senses as shall, as its imperfect. It also expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he should do it whether he will or not. In the early English, and hence in our English Bible, shall is the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express simple futurity. (Cf. Will, v. t.) Shall may be used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be omitted. "He to England shall along with you." Shak. &hand; Shall and will are often confounded by inaccurate speakers and writers. Say: I shall be glad to see you. Shall I do this? Shall I help you? (not Will I do this?) See Will.

Shalli

Shal"li (?), n. See Challis.

Shallon

Shal"lon (?), n. (Bot.) An evergreen shrub (Gaultheria Shallon) of Northwest America; also, its fruit. See Salal-berry.

Shalloon

Shal*loon" (?), n. [F. chalon, from Ch\'83lons, in France, where it was first made.] A thin, loosely woven, twilled worsted stuff.
In blue shalloon shall Hannibal be clad. Swift.

Shallop

Shal"lop (?), n. [F. chaloupe, probably from D. sloep. Cf. Sloop.] (Naut.) A boat.
[She] thrust the shallop from the floating strand. Spenser.
&hand; The term shallop is applied to boats of all sizes, from a light canoe up to a large boat with masts and sails.

Shallot

Shal*lot" (?), n. [OF. eschalote (for escalone), F. \'82chalote. See Scallion, and cf. Eschalot.] (Bot.) A small kind of onion (Allium Ascalonicum) growing in clusters, and ready for gathering in spring; a scallion, or eschalot.

Shallow

Shal"low (?), a. [Compar. Shallower (?); superl. Shallowest.] [OE. schalowe, probably originally, sloping or shelving; cf. Icel. skj\'belgr wry, squinting, AS. sceolh, D. & G. scheel, OHG. schelah. Cf. Shelve to slope, Shoal shallow.]

1. Not deep; having little depth; shoal. "Shallow brooks, and rivers wide." Milton.

2. Not deep in tone. [R.]

The sound perfecter and not so shallow and jarring. Bacon.

3. Not intellectually deep; not profound; not penetrating deeply; simple; not wise or knowing; ignorant; superficial; as, a shallow mind; shallow learning.

The king was neither so shallow, nor so ill advertised, as not to perceive the intention of the French king. Bacon.
Deep versed in books, and shallow in himself. Milton.

Shallow

Shal"low, n.

1. A place in a body of water where the water is not deep; a shoal; a flat; a shelf.

A swift stream is not heard in the channel, but upon shallows of gravel. Bacon.
Dashed on the shallows of the moving sand. Dryden.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The rudd. [Prov. Eng.]

Shallow

Shal"low, v. t. To make shallow. Sir T. Browne.

Shallow

Shal"low, v. i. To become shallow, as water.

Shallow-bodied

Shal"low-bod`ied (?), a. (Naut.) Having a moderate depth of hold; -- said of a vessel.

Shallow-brained

Shal"low-brained` (?), a. Weak in intellect; foolish; empty-headed. South.

Shallow-hearted

Shal"low-heart`ed (?), a. Incapable of deep feeling. Tennyson.

Shallowly

Shal"low*ly, adv. In a shallow manner.

Shallowness

Shal"low*ness, n. Quality or state of being shallow.

Shallow-pated

Shal"low-pat`ed (?), a. Shallow-brained.

Shallow-waisted

Shal"low-waist`ed (?), a. (Naut.) Having a flush deck, or with only a moderate depression amidships; -- said of a vessel.

Shalm

Shalm (?), n. See Shawm. [Obs.] Knolles.

Shalt

Shalt (?), 2d per. sing. of Shall.

Shaly

Shal"y (?), a. Resembling shale in structure.

Sham

Sham (?), n. [Originally the same word as shame, hence, a disgrace, a trick. See Shame, n.]

1. That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint; a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug. "A mere sham." Bp. Stillingfleet.

Believe who will the solemn sham, not I. Addison.

2. A false front, or removable ornamental covering. Pillow sham, a covering to be laid on a pillow.

Sham

Sham, a. False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham fight.
They scorned the sham independence proffered to them by the Athenians. Jowett (Thucyd)

Sham

Sham, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shammed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shamming.]

1. To trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false pretenses.

Fooled and shammed into a conviction. L'Estrange.

2. To obtrude by fraud or imposition. [R.]

We must have a care that we do not . . . sham fallacies upon the world for current reason. L'Estrange.

3. To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign. To sham Abram ∨ Abraham, to feign sickness; to malinger. Hence a malingerer is called, in sailors' cant, Sham Abram, or Sham Abraham.

Sham

Sham, v. i. To make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
Wondering . . . whether those who lectured him were such fools as they professed to be, or were only shamming. Macaulay.

Shama

Sha"ma (?), n. [Hind. sh\'bem\'be.] (Zo\'94l.) A saxicoline singing bird (Kittacincla macroura) of India, noted for the sweetness and power of its song. In confinement it imitates the notes of other birds and various animals with accuracy. Its head, neck, back, breast, and tail are glossy black, the rump white, the under parts chestnut.

Shaman

Sha"man (?), n. [From the native name.] A priest of Shamanism; a wizard among the Shamanists.
Page 1323

Shamanic

Sha*man"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Shamanism.

Shamanism

Sha"man*ism (?), n. The type of religion which once prevalied among all the Ural-Altaic peoples (Tungusic, Mongol, and Turkish), and which still survives in various parts of Northern Asia. The Shaman, or wizard priest, deals with good as well as with evil spirits, especially the good spirits of ancestors. Encyc. Brit.

Shamanist

Sha"man*ist, n. An adherent of Shamanism.

Shamble

Sham"ble (?), n. [OE. schamel a bench, stool, AS. scamel, sceamol, a bench, form, stool, fr. L. scamellum, dim. of scamnum a bench, stool.]

1. (Mining) One of a succession of niches or platforms, one above another, to hold ore which is thrown successively from platform to platform, and thus raised to a higher level.

2. pl. A place where butcher's meat is sold.

As summer flies are in the shambles. Shak.

3. pl. A place for slaughtering animals for meat.

To make a shambles of the parliament house. Shak.

Shamble

Sham"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shambling (?).] [Cf. OD. schampelen to slip, schampen to slip away, escape. Cf. Scamble, Scamper.] To walk awkwardly and unsteadily, as if the knees were weak; to shuffle along.

Shambling

Sham"bling (?), a. Characterized by an awkward, irregular pace; as, a shambling trot; shambling legs.

Shambling

Sham"bling, n. An awkward, irregular gait.

Shame

Shame (?), n. [OE. shame, schame, AS. scamu, sceamu; akin to OS. & OHG. scama, G. scham, Icel. sk\'94mm, shkamm, Sw. & Dan. skam, D. & G. schande, Goth. skanda shame, skaman sik to be ashamed; perhaps from a root skam meaning to cover, and akin to the root (kam) of G. hemd shirt, E. chemise. Cf. Sham.]

1. A painful sensation excited by a consciousness of guilt or impropriety, or of having done something which injures reputation, or of the exposure of that which nature or modesty prompts us to conceal.

HIde, for shame, Romans, your grandsires' images, That blush at their degenerate progeny. Dryden.
Have you no modesty, no maiden shame? Shak.

2. Reproach incurred or suffered; dishonor; ignominy; derision; contempt.

Ye have borne the shame of the heathen. Ezek. xxxvi. 6.
Honor and shame from no condition rise. Pope.
And every woe a tear can claim Except an erring sister's shame. Byron.

3. The cause or reason of shame; that which brings reproach, and degrades a person in the estimation of others; disgrace.

O Cshame is this! Shak.
Guides who are the shame of religion. Shak.

4. The parts which modesty requires to be covered; the private parts. Isa. xlvii. 3. For shame! you should be ashamed; shame on you! -- To put to shame, to cause to feel shame; to humiliate; to disgrace. "Let them be driven backward and put to shame that wish me evil." Ps. xl. 14.

Shame

Shame, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shaming.]

1. To make ashamed; to excite in (a person) a comsciousness of guilt or impropriety, or of conduct derogatory to reputation; to put to shame.

Were there but one righteous in the world, he would . . . shame the world, and not the world him. South.

2. To cover with reproach or ignominy; to dishonor; to disgrace.

And with foul cowardice his carcass shame. Spenser.

3. To mock at; to deride. [Obs. or R.]

Ye have shamed the counsel of the poor. Ps. xiv. 6.

Shame

Shame, v. i. [AS. scamian, sceamian. See Shame, n.] To be ashamed; to feel shame. [R.]
I do shame To think of what a noble strain you are. Shak.

Shamefaced

Shame"faced` (?), a. [For shamefast; AS. scamf. See Shame, n., and Fast firm.] Easily confused or put out of countenance; diffident; bashful; modest.
Your shamefaced virtue shunned the people's prise. Dryden.
&hand; Shamefaced was once shamefast, shamefacedness was shamefastness, like steadfast and steadfastness; but the ordinary manifestations of shame being by the face, have brought it to its present orthography. Trench. -- Shame"faced, adv. -- Shame"faced`ness, n.

Shamefast

Shame"fast (?), a. [AS. scamf&ae;st.] Modest; shamefaced. -- Shame"fast*ly, adv. -- Shame"fast*ness, n. [Archaic] See Shamefaced.
Shamefast she was in maiden shamefastness. Chaucer.
[Conscience] is a blushing shamefast spirit. Shak.
Modest apparel with shamefastness. 1 Tim. ii. 9 (Rev. Ver.).

Shameful

Shame"ful (?), a.

1. Bringing shame or disgrace; injurious to reputation; disgraceful.

His naval preparations were not more surprising than his quick and shameful retreat. Arbuthnot.

2. Exciting the feeling of shame in others; indecent; as, a shameful picture; a shameful sight. Spenser. Syn. -- Disgraceful; reproachful; indecent; unbecoming; degrading; scandalous; ignominious; infamous. -- Shame"ful*ly, adv. -- Shame"ful*ness, n.

Shameless

Shame"less, a. [AS. scamle\'a0s.]

1. Destitute of shame; wanting modesty; brazen-faced; insensible to disgrace. "Such shameless bards we have." Pope.

Shame enough to shame thee, wert thou not shameless. Shak.

2. Indicating want of modesty, or sensibility to disgrace; indecent; as, a shameless picture or poem. Syn. -- Impudent; unblushing; audacious; immodest; indecent; indelicate. -- Shame"less*ly, adv. -- Shame"less*ness, n.

Shame-proof

Shame"-proof` (?), n. Shameless. Shak.

Shamer

Sham"er (?), n. One who, or that which, disgraces, or makes ashamed. Beau & Fl.

Shammer

Sham"mer (?), n. One who shams; an impostor. Johnson.

Shammy

Sham"my (?), n. [F. chamious a chamois, shammy leather. See Chamois.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The chamois.

2. A soft, pliant leather, prepared originally from the skin of the chamois, but now made also from the skin of the sheep, goat, kid, deer, and calf. See Shamoying. [Written also chamois, shamoy, and shamois.]

Shamois, Shamoy

Sham"ois, Sham"oy (?), n. See Shammy.

Shamoying

Sha*moy"ing (?), n. [See Shammy.] A process used in preparing certain kinds of leather, which consists in frizzing the skin, and working oil into it to supply the place of the astringent (tannin, alum, or the like) ordinarily used in tanning.

Shampoo

Sham*poo" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shampooed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shampooing.] [Hind. ch\'bempn\'be to press, to squeeze.] [Writing also champoo.]

1. To press or knead the whole surface of the body of (a person), and at the same time to stretch the limbs and joints, in connection with the hot bath.

2. To wash throughly and rub the head of (a person), with the fingers, using either soap, or a soapy preparation, for the more thorough cleansing.

Shampoo

Sham*poo", n. The act of shampooing.

Shampooer

Sham*poo"er (?), n. One who shampoos.

Shamrock

Sham"rock (?), n. [L. seamrog, seamar, trefoil, white clover, white honeysuckle; akin to Gael. seamrag.] (Bot.) A trifoliate plant used as a national emblem by the Irish. The legend is that St. Patrick once plucked a leaf of it for use in illustrating the doctrine of the trinity. &hand; The original plant was probably a kind of wood sorrel (Oxalis Acetocella); but now the name is given to the white clover (Trifolium repens), and the black medic (Medicago lupulina).

Shandrydan

Shan"dry*dan (?), n. A jocosely depreciative name for a vehicle. [Ireland]

Shandygaff

Shan"dy*gaff (, n. A mixture of strong beer and ginger beer. [Eng.]

Shanghai

Shang`hai" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shanghaied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shanghaiing.] To intoxicate and ship (a person) as a sailor while in this condition. [Written also shanghae.] [Slang, U.S.]

Shanghai

Shang`hai" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large and tall breed of domestic fowl.

Shank

Shank (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Chank.

Shank

Shank, n. [OE. shanke, schanke, schonke, AS. scanca, sceanca, sconca, sceonca; akin to D. schonk a bone, G. schenkel thigh, shank, schinken ham, OHG. scincha shank, Dan. & Sw. skank. &root;161. Cf. Skink, v.]

1. The part of the leg from the knee to the foot; the shin; the shin bone; also, the whole leg.

His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank. Shak.

2. Hence, that part of an instrument, tool, or other thing, which connects the acting part with a handle or other part, by which it is held or moved. Specifically: (a) That part of a key which is between the bow and the part which enters the wards of the lock. (b) The middle part of an anchor, or that part which is between the ring and the arms. See Illustr. of Anchor. (c) That part of a hoe, rake, knife, or the like, by which it is secured to a handle. (d) A loop forming an eye to a button.

3. (Arch.) The space between two channels of the Doric triglyph. Gwilt.

4. (Founding) A large ladle for molten metal, fitted with long bars for handling it.

5. (Print.) The body of a type.

6. (Shoemaking) The part of the sole beneath the instep connecting the broader front part with the heel.

7. (Zo\'94l.) A wading bird with long legs; as, the green-legged shank, or knot; the yellow shank, or tattler; -- called also shanks.

8. pl. Flat-nosed pliers, used by opticians for nipping off the edges of pieces of glass to make them round. Shank painter (Naut.), a short rope or chain which holds the shank of an anchor against the side of a vessel when it is secured for a voyage. -- To ride shank's mare, to go on foot; to walk.

Shank

Shank, v. i. To fall off, as a leaf, flower, or capsule, on account of disease affecting the supporting footstalk; -- usually followed by off. Darwin.

Shankbeer

Shank"beer` (?), n. See Schenkbeer.

Shanked

Shanked (?), a. Having a shank.

Shanker

Shank"er (?), n. (Med.) See Chancre.

Shanny

Shan"ny (?), n.; pl. Shannies (#). [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The European smooth blenny (Blennius pholis). It is olive-green with irregular black spots, and without appendages on the head.

Shan't

Shan't (?). A contraction of shall not. [Colloq.]

Shanty

Shan"ty (?), a. Jaunty; showy. [Prov. Eng.]

Shanty

Shan"ty, n.;pl. Shanties (#). [Said to be fr. Ir. sean old + tig. a house.] A small, mean dwelling; a rough, slight building for temporary use; a hut.

Shanty

Shan"ty, v. i. To inhabit a shanty. S. H. Hammond.

Shapable

Shap"a*ble (?), a.

1. That may be shaped.

2. Shapely. [R.] "Round and shapable." De Foe.

Shape

Shape (?), v. t. [imp. Shaped (#); p. p. Shaped or Shapen (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Shaping.] [OE. shapen, schapen, AS. sceapian. The p. p. shapen is from the strong verb, AS. scieppan, scyppan, sceppan, p. p. sceapen. See Shape, n.]

1. To form or create; especially, to mold or make into a particular form; to give proper form or figure to.

I was shapen in iniquity. Ps. li. 5.
Grace shaped her limbs, and beauty decked her face. Prior.

2. To adapt to a purpose; to regulate; to adjust; to direct; as, to shape the course of a vessel.

To the stream, when neither friends, nor force, Nor spead nor art avail, he shapes his course. Denham.
Charmed by their eyes, their manners I acqire, And shape my foolishness to their desire. Prior.

3. To image; to conceive; to body forth.

Oft my jealousy Shapes faults that are not. Shak.

4. To design; to prepare; to plan; to arrange.

When shapen was all this conspiracy, From point to point. Chaucer.
Shaping machine. (Mach.) Same as Shaper. -- To shape one's self, to prepare; to make ready. [Obs.]
I will early shape me therefor. Chaucer.

Shape

Shape (?), v. i. To suit; to be adjusted or conformable. [R.] Shak.

Shape

Shape, n. [OE. shap, schap, AS. sceap in gesceap creation, creature, fr. the root of scieppan, scyppan, sceppan, to shape, to do, to effect; akin to OS. giskeppian, OFries. skeppa, D. scheppen, G. schaffen, OHG. scaffan, scepfen, skeffen, Icer. skapa, skepja, Dan. skabe, skaffe, Sw. skapa, skaffa, Goth. gaskapjan, and perhaps to E. shave, v. Cf. -ship.]

1. Character or construction of a thing as determining its external appearance; outward aspect; make; figure; form; guise; as, the shape of a tree; the shape of the head; an elegant shape.

He beat me grievously, in the shape of a woman. Shak.

2. That which has form or figure; a figure; an appearance; a being.

Before the gates three sat, On either side, a formidable shape. Milton.

3. A model; a pattern; a mold.

4. Form of embodiment, as in words; form, as of thought or conception; concrete embodiment or example, as of some quality. Milton.

5. Dress for disguise; guise. [Obs.]

Look better on this virgin, and consider This Persian shape laid by, and she appearing In a Greekish dress. Messinger.

6. (Iron Manuf.) (a) A rolled or hammered piece, as a bar, beam, angle iron, etc., having a cross section different from merchant bar. (b) A piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will receive when completely forged or fitted. To take shape, to assume a definite form. <-- in shape, having a good muscle tone; healthy. Get into shape, to exercise so as to acquire a good muscle tone. -->

Shapeless

Shape"less, a. Destitute of shape or regular form; wanting symmetry of dimensions; misshapen; -- opposed to shapely. -- Shape"less*ness, n.
The shapeless rock, or hanging precipice. Pope.

Shapeliness

Shape"li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shapely.

Shapely

Shape"ly, a. [Compar. Shapelier (?); superl. Shapeliest.]

1. Well-formed; having a regular shape; comely; symmetrical. T. Warton.

Waste sandy valleys, once perplexed with thorn, The spiry fir and shapely box adorn. Pope.
Where the shapely column stood. Couper.

2. Fit; suitable. [Obs.]

Shaply for to be an alderman. Chaucer.

Shaper

Shap"er (?), n.

1. One who shapes; as, the shaper of one's fortunes.

The secret of those old shapers died with them. Lowell.

2. That which shapes; a machine for giving a particular form or outline to an object. Specifically; (a) (Metal Working) A kind of planer in which the tool, instead of the work, receives a reciprocating motion, usually from a crank. (b) (Wood Working) A machine with a vertically revolving cutter projecting above a flat table top, for cutting irregular outlines, moldings, etc.

Shapoo

Sha"poo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The o\'94rial.

Shard

Shard (?), n. A plant; chard. [Obs.] Dryden.

Shard

Shard, n. [AS. sceard, properly a p. p. from the root of scearn to shear, to cut; akin to D. schaard a fragment, G. scharte a notch, Icel. skar. See Shear, and cf. Sherd.] [Written also sheard, and sherd.]

1. A piece or fragment of an earthen vessel, or a like brittle substance, as the shell of an egg or snail. Shak.

The precious dish Broke into shards of beauty on the board. E. Arnold.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The hard wing case of a beetle.

They are his shards, and he their beetle. Shak.

3. A gap in a fence. [Obs.] Stanyhurst.

4. A boundary; a division. [Obs. & R.] Spenser.

Shard-borne

Shard"-borne` (?), a. Borne on shards or scaly wing cases. "The shard-borne beetle." Shak.

Sharded

Shard"ed, a. (Zo\'94l.) Having elytra, as a beetle.

Shardy

Shard"y (?), a. Having, or consisting of, shards.

Share

Share (?), n. [OE. schar, AS. scear; akin to OHG. scaro, G. schar, pflugshar, and E. shear, v. See Shear.]

1. The part (usually an iron or steel plate) of a plow which cuts the ground at the bottom of a furrow; a plowshare.

2. The part which opens the ground for the reception of the seed, in a machine for sowing seed. Knight.

Share

Share, n. [OE. share, AS. scearu, scaru, fr. sceran to shear, cut. See Shear, v.]

1. A certain quantity; a portion; a part; a division; as, a small share of prudence.

2. Especially, the part allotted or belonging to one, of any property or interest owned by a number; a portion among others; an apportioned lot; an allotment; a dividend. "My share of fame." Dryden.

3. Hence, one of a certain number of equal portions into which any property or invested capital is divided; as, a ship owned in ten shares.

4. The pubes; the sharebone. [Obs.] Holland. To go shares, to partake; to be equally concerned. -- Share and share alike, in equal shares.

Share

Share, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sharing.]

1. To part among two or more; to distribute in portions; to divide.

Suppose I share my fortune equally between my children and a stranger. Swift.

Page 1324

2. To partake of, use, or experience, with others; to have a portion of; to take and possess in common; as, to share a shelter with another.

While avarice and rapine share the land. Milton.

3. To cut; to shear; to cleave; to divide. [Obs.]

The shared visage hangs on equal sides. Dryden.

Share

Share (?), v. i. To have part; to receive a portion; to partake, enjoy, or suffer with others.
A right of inheritance gave every one a title to share in the goods of his father. Locke.

Sharebeam

Share"beam` (?), n. The part of the plow to which the share is attached.

Sharebone

Share"bone` (?), n. (Anat.) The public bone.

Sharebroker

Share"bro`ker (?), n. A broker who deals in railway or other shares and securities.

Shareholder

Share"hold`er (?), n. One who holds or owns a share or shares in a joint fund or property.

Sharer

Shar"er (?), n. One who shares; a participator; a partaker; also, a divider; a distributer.

Sharewort

Share"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A composite plant (Aster Tripolium) growing along the seacoast of Europe.

Shark

Shark (?), n. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps through OF. fr. carcharus a kind of dogfish, Gr. Shark, v. t.&i.); cf. Corn. scarceas.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of elasmobranch fishes of the order Plagiostomi, found in all seas. &hand; Some sharks, as the basking shark and the whale shark, grow to an enormous size, the former becoming forty feet or more, and the latter sixty feet or more, in length. Most of them are harmless to man, but some are exceedingly voracious. The man-eating sharks mostly belong to the genera Carcharhinus, Carcharodon, and related genera. They have several rows of large sharp teeth with serrated edges, as the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias, ∨ Rondeleti) of tropical seas, and the great blue shark (Carcharhinus glaucus) of all tropical and temperate seas. The former sometimes becomes thirty-six feet long, and is the most voracious and dangerous species known. The rare man-eating shark of the United States coast (Charcarodon Atwoodi) is thought by some to be a variety, or the young, of C. carcharias. The dusky shark (Carcharhinus obscurus), and the smaller blue shark (C. caudatus), both common species on the coast of the United States, are of moderate size and not dangerous. They feed on shellfish and bottom fishes.

2. A rapacious, artful person; a sharper. [Colloq.]

3. Trickery; fraud; petty rapine; as, to live upon the shark. [Obs.] South. Baskin shark, Liver shark, Nurse shark, Oil shark, Sand shark, Tiger shark, etc. See under Basking, Liver, etc. See also Dogfish, Houndfish, Notidanian, and Tope. -- Gray shark, the sand shark. -- Hammer-headed shark. See Hammerhead. -- Port Jackson shark. See Cestraciont. -- Shark barrow, the eggcase of a shark; a sea purse. -- Shark ray. Same as Angel fish (a), under Angel. -- Thrasher shark, ∨ Thresher shark, a large, voracious shark. See Thrasher. -- Whale shark, a huge harmless shark (Rhinodon typicus) of the Indian Ocean. It becomes sixty feet or more in length, but has very small teeth.

Shark

Shark, v. t. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps fr. shark, n., or perhaps related to E. shear (as hearken to hear), and originally meaning, to clip off. Cf. Shirk.] To pick or gather indiscriminately or covertly. [Obs.] Shak.

Shark

Shark, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sharked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sharking.]

1. To play the petty thief; to practice fraud or trickery; to swindle.

Neither sharks for a cup or a reckoning. Bp. Earle.

2. To live by shifts and stratagems. Beau & Fl.

Sharker

Shark"er (?), n. One who lives by sharking.

Sharking

Shark"ing, n. Petty rapine; trick; also, seeking a livelihood by shifts and dishonest devices.

Sharock

Shar"ock (?), n. An East Indian coin of the value of 12

Sharp

Sharp (?), a. [Compar. Sharper (?); superl. Sharpest.] [OE. sharp, scharp, scarp, AS. scearp; akin to OS. skarp, LG. scharp, D. scherp, G. scharf, Dan. & Sw. skarp, Icel. skarpr. Cf. Escarp, Scrape, Scorpion.]

1. Having a very thin edge or fine point; of a nature to cut or pierce easily; not blunt or dull; keen.

He dies upon my scimeter's sharp point. Shak.

2. Terminating in a point or edge; not obtuse or rounded; somewhat pointed or edged; peaked or ridged; as, a sharp hill; sharp features.

3. Affecting the sense as if pointed or cutting, keen, penetrating, acute: to the taste or smell, pungent, acid, sour, as ammonia has a sharp taste and odor; to the hearing, piercing, shrill, as a sharp sound or voice; to the eye, instantaneously brilliant, dazzling, as a sharp flash.

4. (Mus.) (a) High in pitch; acute; as, a sharp note or tone. (b) Raised a semitone in pitch; as, C sharp (C♯), which is a half step, or semitone, higher than C. (c) So high as to be out of tune, or above true pitch; as, the tone is sharp; that instrument is sharp. Opposed in all these senses to flat.

5. Very trying to the feelings; pierching; keen; severe; painful; distressing; as, sharp pain, weather; a sharp and frosty air.

Sharp misery had worn him to the bones. Shak.
The morning sharp and clear. Cowper.
In sharpest perils faithful proved. Keble.

6. Cutting in language or import; biting; sarcastic; cruel; harsh; rigorous; severe; as, a sharp rebuke. "That sharp look." Tennyson.

To that place the sharp Athenian law Can not pursue us. Shak.
Be thy words severe, Sharp as merits but the sword forbear. Dryden.

7. Of keen perception; quick to discern or distinguish; having nice discrimination; acute; penetrating; sagacious; clever; as, a sharp eye; sharp sight, hearing, or judgment.

Nothing makes men sharper . . . than want. Addison.

8. Eager in pursuit; keen in quest; impatient for gratification; keen; as, a sharp appetite.

9. Fierce; ardent; fiery; violent; impetuous. "In sharp contest of battle." Milton.

A sharp assault already is begun. Dryden.

10. Keenly or unduly attentive to one's own interest; close and exact in dealing; shrewd; as, a sharp dealer; a sharp customer.

The necessity of being so sharp and exacting. Swift.

11. Composed of hard, angular grains; gritty; as, sharp sand. Moxon.

12. Steep; precipitous; abrupt; as, a sharp ascent or descent; a sharp turn or curve.

13. (Phonetics) Uttered in a whisper, or with the breath alone, without voice, as certain consonants, such as p, k, t, f; surd; nonvocal; aspirated. &hand; Sharp is often used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, sharp-cornered, sharp-edged, sharp-pointed, sharp-tasted, sharp-visaged, etc. Sharp practice, the getting of an advantage, or the attempt to do so, by a tricky expedient. -- To brace sharp, ∨ To sharp up (Naut.), to turn the yards to the most oblique position possible, that the ship may lie well up to the wind. Syn. -- Keen; acute; piercing; penetrating; quick; sagacious; discerning; shrewd; witty; ingenious; sour; acid; tart; pungent; acrid; severe; poignant; biting; acrimonious; sarcastic; cutting; bitter; painful; afflictive; violent; harsh; fierce; ardent; fiery.

Sharp

Sharp (?), adv.

1. To a point or edge; piercingly; eagerly; sharply. M. Arnold.

The head [of a spear] full sharp yground. Chaucer.
You bite so sharp at reasons. Shak.

2. Precisely; exactly; as, we shall start at ten o'clock sharp. [Colloq.] Look sharp, attend; be alert. [Colloq.]

Sharp

Sharp, n.

1. A sharp tool or weapon. [Obs.]

If butchers had but the manners to go to sharps, gentlemen would be contented with a rubber at cuffs. Collier.

2. (Mus.) (a) The character [♯] used to indicate that the note before which it is placed is to be raised a half step, or semitone, in pitch. (b) A sharp tone or note. Shak.

3. A portion of a stream where the water runs very rapidly. [Prov. Eng.] C. Kingsley.

4. A sewing needle having a very slender point; a needle of the most pointed of the three grades, blunts, betweens, and sharps.

5. pl. Same as Middlings, 1.

6. An expert. [Slang]

Sharp

Sharp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sharped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sharping.]

1. To sharpen. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. (Mus.) To raise above the proper pitch; to elevate the tone of; especially, to raise a half step, or semitone, above the natural tone.

Sharp

Sharp, v. i.

1. To play tricks in bargaining; to act the sharper. L'Estrange.

2. (Mus.) To sing above the proper pitch.

Sharp-cut

Sharp-cut` (?), a. Cut sharply or definitely, or so as to make a clear, well-defined impression, as the lines of an engraved plate, and the like; clear-cut; hence, having great distinctness; well-defined; clear.

Sharpen

Sharp"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sarpened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sharpening.] [See Sharp, a.] To make sharp. Specifically: (a) To give a keen edge or fine point to; to make sharper; as, to sharpen an ax, or the teeth of a saw. (b) To render more quick or acute in perception; to make more ready or ingenious.
The air . . . sharpened his visual ray To objects distant far. Milton.
He that wrestles with us strengthens our nerves and sharpens our skill. Burke.
(c) To make more eager; as, to sharpen men's desires.
Epicurean cooks Sharpen with cloyless sauce his appetite. Shak.
(d) To make more pungent and intense; as, to sharpen a pain or disease. (e) To make biting, sarcastic, or severe. "Sharpen each word." E. Smith. (f) To render more shrill or piercing.
Inclosures not only preserve sound, but increase and sharpen it. Bacon.
(g) To make more tart or acid; to make sour; as, the rays of the sun sharpen vinegar. (h) (Mus.) To raise, as a sound, by means of a sharp; to apply a sharp to
Many other things belong to the material world, wherein the sharpest philosophers have never yeL. Watts.
.

Sharpen

Sharp"en, v. i. To grow or become sharp.

Sharper

Sharp"er (?), n. A person who bargains closely, especially, one who cheats in bargains; a swinder; also, a cheating gamester.
Sharpers, as pikes, prey upon their own kind. L'Estrange.
Syn. -- Swindler; cheat; deceiver; trickster; rogue. See Swindler.

Sharpie

Sharp"ie (?), n. (Naut.) A long, sharp, flat-bottomed boat, with one or two masts carrying a triangular sail. They are often called Fair Haven sharpies, after the place on the coast of Connecticut where they originated. [Local, U.S.]

Sharpling

Sharp"ling (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A stickleback. [Prov. Eng.]

Sharply

Sharp"ly, adv. In a sharp manner,; keenly; acutely.
They are more sharply to be chastised and reformed than the rude Irish. Spenser.
The soldiers were sharply assailed with wants. Hayward.
You contract your eye when you would see sharply. Bacon.

Sharpness

Sharp"ness, n. [AS. scearpness.] The quality or condition of being sharp; keenness; acuteness.

Sharpsaw

Sharp"saw` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The great titmouse; -- so called from its harsh call notes. [Prov. Eng.]

Sharp-set

Sharp"-set` (?), a. Eager in appetite or desire of gratification; affected by keen hunger; ravenous; as, an eagle or a lion sharp-set.
The town is sharp-set on new plays. Pope.

Sharpshooter

Sharp"shoot`er (?), n. One skilled in shooting at an object with exactness; a good marksman.

Sharpshooting

Sharp"shoot`ing, n. A shooting with great precision and effect; hence, a keen contest of wit or argument.

Sharp-sighted

Sharp"-sight`ed (?), a. Having quick or acute sight; -- used literally and figuratively. -- Sharp`-sight`ed*ness, n.

Sharptail

Sharp"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pintail duck. (b) The pintail grouse, or prairie chicken.

Sharp-witted

Sharp"-wit`ted (?), a. Having an acute or nicely discerning mind.

Shash

Shash (?), n. [See Sash.]

1. The scarf of a turban. [Obs.] Fuller.

2. A sash. [Obs.]

Shaster, Shastra

Shas"ter (?), Shas"tra (?), n. [Skr. c\'bestra an order or command, a sacred book, fr. c\'bes to order, instruct, govern. Cf. Sastra.] A treatise for authoritative instruction among the Hindoos; a book of institutes; especially, a treatise explaining the Vedas. [Written also sastra.]

Shathmont

Shath"mont (, n. A shaftment. [Scot.]

Shatter

Shat"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shattering.] [OE. schateren, scateren, to scatter, to dash, AS. scateran; cf. D. schateren to crack, to make a great noise, OD. schetteren to scatter, to burst, to crack. Cf. Scatter.]

1. To break at once into many pieces; to dash, burst, or part violently into fragments; to rend into splinters; as, an explosion shatters a rock or a bomb; too much steam shatters a boiler; an oak is shattered by lightning.

A monarchy was shattered to pieces, and divided amongst revolted subjects. Locke.

2. To disorder; to derange; to render unsound; as, to be shattered in intellect; his constitution was shattered; his hopes were shattered.

A man of a loose, volatile, and shattered humor. Norris.

3. To scatter about. [Obs.]

Shatter your leaves before the mellowing year. Milton.

Shatter

Shat"ter, v. i. To be broken into fragments; to fal
Some fragile bodies break but where the force is; some shatter and fly in many places. Bacon.

Shatter

Shat"ter, n. A fragment of anything shattered; -- used chiefly or soley in the phrase into shatters; as, to break a glass into shatters. Swift.

Shatter-brained, Shatter-pated

Shat"ter-brained` (?), Shat"ter-pat`ed (?), a. Disordered or wandering in intellect; hence, heedless; wild. J. Goodman.

Shattery

Shat"ter*y (?), a. Easily breaking into pieces; not compact; loose of texture; brittle; as, shattery spar.

Shave

Shave (?), obs. p. p. of Shave. Chaucer.
His beard was shave as nigh as ever he can. Chaucer.

Shave

Shave, v. t. [imp. Shaved (?);p. p. Shaved or Shaven (; p. pr. & vb. n. Shaving.] [OE. shaven, schaven, AS. scafan, sceafan; akin to D. schaven, G. schaben, Icel. skafa, Sw. skafva, Dan. skave, Goth. scaban, Russ. kopate to dig, Gr. scabere to scratch, to scrape. Cf. Scab, Shaft, Shape.]

1. To cut or pare off from the surface of a body with a razor or other edged instrument; to cut off closely, as with a razor; as, to shave the beard.

2. To make bare or smooth by cutting off closely the surface, or surface covering, of; especially, to remove the hair from with a razor or other sharp instrument; to take off the beard or hair of; as, to shave the face or the crown of the head; he shaved himself.

I'll shave your crown for this. Shak.
The laborer with the bending scythe is seen Shaving the surface of the waving green. Gay.

3. To cut off thin slices from; to cut in thin slices.

Plants bruised or shaven in leaf or root. Bacon.

4. To skim along or near the surface of; to pass close to, or touch lightly, in passing.

Now shaves with level wing the deep. Milton.

5. To strip; to plunder; to fleece. [Colloq.] To shave a note, to buy it at a discount greater than the legal rate of interest, or to deduct in discounting it more than the legal rate allows. [Cant, U.S.]


Page 1325

Shave

Shave (?), v. i. To use a razor for removing the beard; to cut closely; hence, to be hard and severe in a bargain; to practice extortion; to cheat.

Shave

Shave (?), n. [AS. scafa, sceafa, a sort of knife. See Shave, v. t.]

1. A thin slice; a shaving. Wright.

2. A cutting of the beard; the operation of shaving.

3. (a) An exorbitant discount on a note. [Cant, U.S.] (b) A premium paid for an extension of the time of delivery or payment, or for the right to vary a stock contract in any particular. [Cant, U.S.] N. Biddle.

4. A hand tool consisting of a sharp blade with a handle at each end; a drawing knife; a spokeshave.

5. The act of passing very near to, so as almost to graze; as, the bullet missed by a close shave. [Colloq.] Shave grass (Bot.), the scouring rush. See the Note under Equisetum. -- Shave hook, a tool for scraping metals, consisting of a sharp-edged triangular steel plate attached to a shank and handle.

Shaveling

Shave"ling (?), n. A man shaved; hence, a monk, or other religious; -- used in contempt.
I am no longer a shaveling than while my frock is on my back. Sir W. Scott.

Shaver

Shav"er (?), n.

1. One who shaves; one whose occupation is to shave.

2. One who is close in bargains; a sharper. Swift.

3. One who fleeces; a pillager; a plunderer.

By these shavers the Turks were stripped. Knolles.

4. A boy; a lad; a little fellow. [Colloq.] "These unlucky little shavers." <-- often little shaver --> Salmagundi.

As I have mentioned at the door to this young shaver, I am on a chase in the name of the king. Dickens.

5. (Mech.) A tool or machine for shaving. A note shaver, a person who buys notes at a discount greater than the legal rate of interest. [Cant, U.S.]

Shaving

Shav"ing, n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, shaves; specifically, the act of cutting off the beard with a razor.

2. That which is shaved off; a thin slice or strip pared off with a shave, a knife, a plane, or other cutting instrument. "Shaving of silver." Chaucer. Shaving brush, a brush used in lathering the face preparatory to shaving it.

Shaw

Shaw (?), n. [OE. schawe, scha, thicket, grove, AS. scaga; akin to Dan. skov, Sw. skog, Icel. sk.]

1. A thicket; a small wood or grove. [Obs. or Prov.Eng. & Scot.] Burns.

Gaillard he was as goldfinch in the shaw. Chaucer.
The green shaws, the merry green woods. Howitt.

2. pl. The leaves and tops of vegetables, as of potatoes, turnips, etc. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Shawfowl

Shaw"fowl`, n. [Scot. schaw, shaw, show + fowl.] The representation or image of a fowl made by fowlers to shoot at. Johnson.

Shawl

Shawl (?), n. [Per. & Hind. sh\'bel: cf. F. ch\'83le.] A square or oblong cloth of wool, cotton, silk, or other textile or netted fabric, used, especially by women, as a loose covering for the neck and shoulders. India shawl, a kind of rich shawl made in India from the wool of the Cashmere goat. It is woven in pieces, which are sewed together. -- Shawl goat (Zo\'94l.), the Cashmere goat.

Shawl

Shawl, v. t. To wrap in a shawl. Thackeray.

Shawm

Shawm (?), n. [OE. shalmie, OF. chalemie; cf. F. chalumeau shawm, chaume haulm, stalk; all fr. L. calamus a reed, reed pipe. See Haulm, and cf. Calumet.] (Mus.) A wind instrument of music, formerly in use, supposed to have resembled either the clarinet or the hautboy in form. [Written also shalm, shaum.] Otway.
Even from the shrillest shaum unto the cornamute. Drayton.

Shawnees

Shaw`nees" (?), n. pl.; sing. Shawnee (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians who occupied Western New York and part of Ohio, but were driven away and widely dispersed by the Iroquois.

Shay

Shay (?), n. A chaise. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]

She

She (?), pron. [sing. nom. She; poss. Her. ( or Hers (; obj. Her; pl. nom. They (?); poss. Their (?) or Theirs (; obj. Them (?).] [OE. she, sche, scheo, scho, AS. se\'a2, fem. of the definite article, originally a demonstrative pronoun; cf. OS. siu, D. zij, G. sie, OHG. siu, s\'c6, si, Icel. s&umac;, sj\'be, Goth. si she, s&omac;, fem. article, Russ. siia, fem., this, Gr. s\'be, sy\'be. The possessive her or hers, and the objective her, are from a different root. See Her.]

1. This or that female; the woman understood or referred to; the animal of the female sex, or object personified as feminine, which was spoken of.

She loved her children best in every wise. Chaucer.
Then Sarah denied, . . . for she was afraid. Gen. xviii. 15.

2. A woman; a female; -- used substantively. [R.]

Lady, you are the cruelest she alive. Shak.
&hand; She is used in composition with nouns of common gender, for female, to denote an animal of the female sex; as, a she-bear; a she-cat.

Sheading

Shead"ing (?), n. [From AS. sc\'bedan, sce\'a0dan, to separate, divide. See Shed, v. t.] A tithing, or division, in the Isle of Man, in which there is a coroner, or chief constable. The island is divided into six sheadings.

Sheaf

Sheaf (?), n. (Mech.) A sheave. [R.]

Sheaf

Sheaf, n.; pl. Sheaves (#). [OE. sheef, shef, schef, AS. sce\'a0f; akin to D. schoof, OHG. scoub, G. schaub, Icel. skauf a fox's brush, and E. shove. See Shove.]

1. A quantity of the stalks and ears of wheat, rye, or other grain, bound together; a bundle of grain or straw.

The reaper fills his greedy hands, And binds the golden sheaves in brittle bands. Dryden.

2. Any collection of things bound together; a bundle; specifically, a bundle of arrows sufficient to fill a quiver, or the allowance of each archer, -- usually twenty-four.

The sheaf of arrows shook and rattled in the case. Dryden.

Sheaf

Sheaf, v. t. To gather and bind into a sheaf; to make into sheaves; as, to sheaf wheat.

Sheaf

Sheaf (?), v. i. To collect and bind cut grain, or the like; to make sheaves.
They that reap must sheaf and bind. Shak.

Sheafy

Sheaf"y (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, a sheaf or sheaves; resembling a sheaf.

Sheal

Sheal (?), n. Same as Sheeling. [Scot.]

Sheal

Sheal, v. t. To put under a sheal or shelter. [Scot.]

Sheal

Sheal, v. t. [See Shell.] To take the husks or pods off from; to shell; to empty of its contents, as a husk or a pod. [Obs. or Prov.Eng. & Scot.] Jamieson.
That's a shealed peascod. Shak.

Sheal

Sheal, n. A shell or pod. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

Shealing

Sheal"ing, n. The outer husk, pod, or shell, as of oats, pease, etc.; sheal; shell. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Shealing

Sheal"ing, n. Same as Sheeling. [Scot.]

Shear

Shear (?), v. t. [imp. Sheared (?) or Shore (;p. p. Sheared or Shorn (; p. pr. & vb. n. Shearing.] [OE. sheren, scheren, to shear, cut, shave, AS. sceran, scieran, scyran; akin to D. & G. scheren, Icel. skera, Dan. ski, Gr. Jeer, Score, Shard, Share, Sheer to turn aside.]

1. To cut, clip, or sever anything from with shears or a like instrument; as, to shear sheep; to shear cloth. &hand; It is especially applied to the cutting of wool from sheep or their skins, and the nap from cloth.

2. To separate or sever with shears or a similar instrument; to cut off; to clip (something) from a surface; as, to shear a fleece.

Before the golden tresses . . . were shorn away. Shak.

3. To reap, as grain. [Scot.] Jamieson.

4. Fig.: To deprive of property; to fleece.

5. (Mech.) To produce a change of shape in by a shear. See Shear, n., 4.

Shear

Shear, n. [AS. sceara. See Shear, v. t.]

1. A pair of shears; -- now always used in the plural, but formerly also in the singular. See Shears.

On his head came razor none, nor shear. Chaucer.
Short of the wool, and naked from the shear. Dryden.

2. A shearing; -- used in designating the age of sheep.

After the second shearing, he is a two-sher ram; . . . at the expiration of another year, he is a three-shear ram; the name always taking its date from the time of shearing. Youatt.

3. (Engin.) An action, resulting from applied forces, which tends to cause two contiguous parts of a body to slide relatively to each other in a direction parallel to their plane of contact; -- also called shearing stress, and tangential stress.

4. (Mech.) A strain, or change of shape, of an elastic body, consisting of an extension in one direction, an equal compression in a perpendicular direction, with an unchanged magnitude in the third direction. Shear blade, one of the blades of shears or a shearing machine. -- Shear hulk. See under Hulk. -- Shear steel, a steel suitable for shears, scythes, and other cutting instruments, prepared from fagots of blistered steel by repeated heating, rolling, and tilting, to increase its malleability and fineness of texture.

Shear

Shear, v. i.

1. To deviate. See Sheer.

2. (Engin.) To become more or less completely divided, as a body under the action of forces, by the sliding of two contiguous parts relatively to each other in a direction parallel to their plane of contact.

Shearbill

Shear"bill`, n. (Zo\'94l.) The black skimmer. See Skimmer.

Sheard

Sheard (?), n. See Shard. [Obs.]

Shearer

Shear"er (?), n.

1. One who shears.

Like a lamb dumb before his shearer. Acts viii. 32.

2. A reaper. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Shearing

Shear"ing, n.

1. The act or operation of clipping with shears or a shearing machine, as the wool from sheep, or the nap from cloth.

2. The product of the act or operation of clipping with shears or a shearing machine; as, the whole shearing of a flock; the shearings from cloth.

3. Same as Shearling. Youatt.

4. The act or operation of reaping. [Scot.]

5. The act or operation of dividing with shears; as, the shearing of metal plates.

6. The process of preparing shear steel; tilting.

7. (Mining) The process of making a vertical side cutting in working into a face of coal. Shearing machine. (a) A machine with blades, or rotary disks, for dividing plates or bars of metal. (b) A machine for shearing cloth.

Shearling

Shear"ling (?), n. A sheep but once sheared.

Shearman

Shear"man (?), n.; pl. Shearmen (. One whose occupation is to shear cloth.

Shearn

Shearn (?), n. [AS. scearn. Cf. Scarn.] Dung; excrement. [Obs.] [Written also shern.] Holland.

Shears

Shears (?), n. pl. [Formerly used also in the singular. See Shear, n.,1.]

1. A cutting instrument. Specifically: (a) An instrument consisting of two blades, commonly with bevel edges, connected by a pivot, and working on both sides of the material to be cut, -- used for cutting cloth and other substances.

Fate urged the shears, and cut the sylph in twain. Pope.
(b) A similar instrument the blades of which are extensions of a curved spring, -- used for shearing sheep or skins. (c) A shearing machine; a blade, or a set of blades, working against a resisting edge.

2. Anything in the form of shears. Specifically: (a) A pair of wings. [Obs.] Spenser. (b) An apparatus for raising heavy weights, and especially for stepping and unstepping the lower masts of ships. It consists of two or more spars or pieces of timber, fastened together near the top, steadied by a guy or guys, and furnished with the necessary tackle. [Written also sheers.]

3. (Mach.) The bedpiece of a machine tool, upon which a table or slide rest is secured; as, the shears of a lathe or planer. See Illust. under Lathe. Rotary shears. See under Rotary.

Sheartail

Shear"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common tern. (b) Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus Thaumastura having a long forked tail.

Shearwater

Shear"wa`ter (?), n. [Shear + water; cf. G. wassersherer; -- so called from its running lightly along the surface of the water.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of long-winged oceanic birds of the genus Puffinus and related genera. They are allied to the petrels, but are larger. The Manx shearwater (P. Anglorum), the dusky shearwater (P. obscurus), and the greater shearwater (P. major), are well-known species of the North Atlantic. See Hagdon.

Sheatfish

Sheat"fish` (?), n. [Cf. dial. G. scheid, schaid, schaiden.] (Zo\'94l.) A European siluroid fish (Silurus glanis) allied to the cat-fishes. It is the largest fresh-water fish of Europe, sometimes becoming six feet or more in length. See Siluroid.

Sheath

Sheath (?), n. [OE. schethe, AS. sc&aemac;&edh;, sce\'a0&edh;, sc&emac;&edh;; akin to OS. sk&emac;&edh;ia, D. scheede, G. scheide, OHG. sceida, Sw. skida, Dan. skede, Icel. skei&edh;ir, pl., and to E. shed, v.t., originally meaning, to separate, to part. See Shed.]

1. A case for the reception of a sword, hunting knife, or other long and slender instrument; a scabbard.

The dead knight's sword out of his sheath he drew. Spenser.

2. Any sheathlike covering, organ, or part. Specifically: (a) (Bot.) The base of a leaf when sheathing or investing a stem or branch, as in grasses. (b) (Zo\'94l.) One of the elytra of an insect. Medullary sheath. (Anat.) See under Medullary. -- Primitive sheath. (Anat.) See Neurilemma. -- Sheath knife, a knife with a fixed blade, carried in a sheath. -- Sheath of Schwann. (Anat.) See Schwann's sheath.

Sheathbill

Sheath"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Either one of two species of birds composing the genus Chionis, and family Chionid\'91, native of the islands of the Antarctic.seas. &hand; They are related to the gulls and the plovers, but more nearly to the latter. The base of the bill is covered with a saddle-shaped horny sheath, and the toes are only slightly webbed. The plumage of both species is white.

Sheathe

Sheathe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sheathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sheating.] [Written also sheath.]

1. To put into a sheath, case, or scabbard; to inclose or cover with, or as with, a sheath or case.

The leopard . . . keeps the claws of his fore feet turned up from the ground, and sheathed in the skin of his toes. Grew.
'T is in my breast she sheathes her dagger now. Dryden.

2. To fit or furnish, as with a sheath. Shak.

3. To case or cover with something which protects, as thin boards, sheets of metal, and the like; as, to sheathe a ship with copper.

4. To obtund or blunt, as acrimonious substances, or sharp particles. [R.] Arbuthnot. To sheathe the sword, to make peace.

Sheathed

Sheathed (?), a.

1. Povided with, or inclosed in, sheath.

2. (Bot.) Invested by a sheath, or cylindrical membranaceous tube, which is the base of the leaf, as the stalk or culm in grasses; vaginate.

Sheather

Sheath"er (?), n. One who sheathes.

Sheathfish

Sheath"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sheatfish.

Sheathing

Sheath"ing (?), p. pr. & a. from Sheathe. Inclosing with a sheath; as, the sheathing leaves of grasses; the sheathing stipules of many polygonaceous plants.

Sheathing

Sheath"ing, n. That which sheathes. Specifically: (a) The casing or covering of a ship's bottom and sides; the materials for such covering; as, copper sheathing. (b) (Arch.) The first covering of boards on the outside wall of a frame house or on a timber roof; also, the material used for covering; ceiling boards in general.

Sheathless

Sheath"less (?), a. Without a sheath or case for covering; unsheathed.

Sheath-winged

Sheath"-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having elytra, or wing cases, as a beetle.

Sheathy

Sheath"y (?), a. Forming or resembling a sheath or case. Sir T. Browne.

Shea tree

She"a tree` (?). (Bot.) An African sapotaceous tree (Bassia, ∨ Butyrospermum, Parkii), from the seeds of which a substance resembling butter is obtained; the African butter tree.
Page 1326

Sheave

Sheave (?), n. [Akin to OD. schijve orb, disk, wheel, D. schiff, G. scheibe, Icel. sk\'c6fa a shaving, slice; cf. Gr. Shift, v., Shive.] A wheel having a groove in the rim for a rope to work in, and set in a block, mast, or the like; the wheel of a pulley. Sheave hole, a channel cut in a mast, yard, rail, or other timber, in which to fix a sheave.

Sheave

Sheave, v. t. [See Sheaf of straw.] To gather and bind into a sheaf or sheaves; hence, to collect. Ashmole.

Sheaved

Sheaved (?), a. Made of straw. [Obs.] Shak.

Shebander

Sheb"an*der (?), n. [Per. sh\'behbandar.] A harbor master, or ruler of a port, in the East Indies. [Written also shebunder.]

Shebang

She*bang" (?), n. [Cf. Shebeen.] A jocosely depreciative name for a dwelling or shop. [Slang,U.S.]

Shebeen

She*been" (?), n. [Of Irish origin; cf. Ir. seapa a shop.] A low public house; especially, a place where spirits and other excisable liquors are illegally and privately sold. [Ireland]<-- in the 1920's, termed a speakeasy -->

Shechinah

She*chi"nah (?), n. See Shekinah.

Shecklaton

Sheck"la*ton (?), n. [Cf. Ciclatoun.] A kind of gilt leather. See Checklaton. [Obs.] Spenser.

Shed

Shed (?), n. [The same word as shade. See Shade.] A slight or temporary structure built to shade or shelter something; a structure usually open in front; an outbuilding; a hut; as, a wagon shed; a wood shed.
The first Aletes born in lowly shed. Fairfax.
Sheds of reeds which summer's heat repel. Sandys.

Shed

Shed, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shed; p. pr. & vb. n. Shedding.] [OE. scheden, sch, to pour, to part, AS. sc\'bedan, sce\'a0dan, to pert, to separate; akin to OS. sk, OFries. skscheiden, OHG. sceidan, Goth. skaidan, and probably to Lith. sk\'89du I part, separate, L. scindere to cleave, to split, Gr. chid, and perch. also to L. caedere to cut. &root;159. Cf. Chisel, Concise, Schism, Sheading, Sheath, Shide.]

1. To separate; to divide. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.] Robert of Brunne.

2. To part with; to throw off or give forth from one's self; to emit; to diffuse; to cause to emanate or flow; to pour forth or out; to spill; as, the sun sheds light; she shed tears; the clouds shed rain.

Did Romeo's hand shed Tybalt's blood? Shak.
Twice seven consenting years have shed Their utmost bounty on thy head. Wordsworth.

3. To let fall; to throw off, as a natural covering of hair, feathers, shell; to cast; as, fowls shed their feathers; serpents shed their skins; trees shed leaves.

4. To cause to flow off without penetrating; as, a tight roof, or covering of oiled cloth, sheeds water.

5. To sprinkle; to intersperse; to cover. [R.] "Her hair . . . is shed with gray." B. Jonson.

6. (Weaving) To divide, as the warp threads, so as to form a shed, or passageway, for the shuttle.

Shed

Shed, v. i.

1. To fall in drops; to pour. [Obs.]

Such a rain down from the welkin shadde. Chaucer.

2. To let fall the parts, as seeds or fruit; to throw off a covering or envelope.

White oats are apt to shed most as they lie, and black as they stand. Mortimer.

Shed

Shed, n.

1. A parting; a separation; a division. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

They say also that the manner of making the shed of newwedded wives' hair with the iron head of a javelin came up then likewise. Sir T. North.

2. The act of shedding or spilling; -- used only in composition, as in bloodshed.

3. That which parts, divides, or sheds; -- used in composition, as in watershed.

4. (Weaving) The passageway between the threads of the warp through which the shuttle is thrown, having a sloping top and bottom made by raising and lowering the alternate threads.

Shedder

Shed"der (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, sheds; as, a shedder of blood; a shedder of tears.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A crab in the act of casting its shell, or immediately afterwards while still soft; -- applied especially to the edible crabs, which are most prized while in this state.

Shedding

Shed"ding (?), n.

1. The act of shedding, separating, or casting off or out; as, the shedding of blood.

2. That which is shed, or cast off. [R.] Wordsworth.

Shelfa, Shilfa

Shel"fa (?), Shil"fa (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The chaffinch; -- so named from its call note. [Prov. Eng.]

Sheeling

Sheel"ing (?), n. [Icel. skj a shelter, a cover; akin to Dan. & Sw. skjul.] A hut or small cottage in an expessed or a retired place (as on a mountain or at the seaside) such as is used by shepherds, fishermen, sportsmen, etc.; a summer cottage; also, a shed. [Written also sheel, shealing, sheiling, etc.] [Scot.]

Sheely

Sheel"y (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sheelfa.

Sheen

Sheen (?), a. [OE. sehene, AS. sci\'82ne, sc, sc, splendid, beautiful; akin to OFries. sk, sk, OS. sc, D. schoon, G. sch\'94n, OHG. sc, Goth, skanus, and E. shew; the original meaning being probably, visible, worth seeing. It is not akin to E. shine. See Shew, v. t.] Bright; glittering; radiant; fair; showy; sheeny. [R., except in poetry.]
This holy maiden, that is so bright and sheen. Chaucer.
Up rose each warrier bold and brave, Glistening in filed steel and armor sheen. Fairfax.

Sheen

Sheen, v. i. To shine; to glisten. [Poetic]
This town, That, sheening far, celestial seems to be. Byron.

Sheen

Sheen, n. Brightness; splendor; glitter. "Throned in celestial sheen." Milton.

Sheenly

Sheen""ly, adv. Brightly. [R.] Mrs. Browning.

Sheeny

Sheen"y (?), a. Bright; shining; radiant; sheen. "A sheeny summer morn." Tennyson.

Sheep

Sheep (?), n. sing. & pl. [OE. shep, scheep, AS. sc, sce\'a0p; akin to OFries. sk, LG. & D. schaap, G. schaf, OHG. sc\'bef, Skr. ch\'bega. &root;295. Cf. Sheepherd.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of ruminants of the genus Ovis, native of the higher mountains of both hemispheres, but most numerous in Asia. &hand; The domestic sheep (Ovis aries) varies much in size, in the length and texture of its wool, the form and size of its horns, the length of its tail, etc. It was domesticated in prehistoric ages, and many distinct breeds have been produced; as the merinos, celebrated for their fine wool; the Cretan sheep, noted for their long horns; the fat-tailed, or Turkish, sheep, remarkable for the size and fatness of the tail, which often has to be supported on trucks; the Southdowns, in which the horns are lacking; and an Asiatic breed which always has four horns.

2. A weak, bashful, silly fellow. Ainsworth.

3. pl. Fig.: The people of God, as being under the government and protection of Christ, the great Shepherd. Rocky mountain sheep.(Zo\'94l.) See Bighorn. -- Maned sheep. (Zo\'94l.) See Aoudad. -- Sheep bot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the sheep botfly. See Estrus. -- Sheep dog (Zo\'94l.), a shepherd dog, or collie. -- Sheep laurel (Bot.), a small North American shrub (Kalmia angustifolia) with deep rose-colored flowers in corymbs. -- Sheep pest (Bot.), an Australian plant (Ac\'91na ovina) related to the burnet. The fruit is covered with barbed spines, by which it adheres to the wool of sheep. -- Sheep run, an extensive tract of country where sheep range and graze. -- Sheep's beard (Bot.), a cichoraceous herb (Urospermum Dalechampii) of Southern Europe; -- so called from the conspicuous pappus of the achenes. -- Sheep's bit (Bot.), a European herb (Jasione montana) having much the appearance of scabious. -- Sheep pox (Med.), a contagious disease of sheep, characterixed by the development of vesicles or pocks upon the skin. -- Sheep scabious. (Bot.) Same as Sheep's bit. -- Sheep shears, shears in which the blades form the two ends of a steel bow, by the elasticity of which they open as often as pressed together by the hand in cutting; -- so called because used to cut off the wool of sheep. -- Sheep sorrel. (Bot.), a prerennial herb (Rumex Acetosella) growing naturally on poor, dry, gravelly soil. Its leaves have a pleasant acid taste like sorrel. -- Sheep's-wool (Zo\'94l.), the highest grade of Florida commercial sponges (Spongia equina, variety gossypina). -- Sheep tick (Zo\'94l.), a wingless parasitic insect (Melophagus ovinus) belonging to the Diptera. It fixes its proboscis in the skin of the sheep and sucks the blood, leaving a swelling. Called also sheep pest, and sheep louse. -- Sheep walk, a pasture for sheep; a sheep run. -- Wild sheep. (Zo\'94l.) See Argali, Mouflon, and O\'94rial.

Sheepback

Sheep"back` (?), n. (Geol.) A rounded knoll of rock resembling the back of a sheep. -- produced by glacial action. Called also roche moutonn\'82e; -- usually in the plural.

Sheepberry

Sheep"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) The edible fruit of a small North American tree of the genus Viburnum (V. Lentago), having white flowers in flat cymes; also, the tree itself. Called also nannyberry.

Sheepbite

Sheep"bite` (?), v. i. To bite or nibble like a sheep; hence, to practice petty thefts. [Obs.] Shak.

Sheepbiter

Sheep"bit`er (?), n. One who practices petty thefts. [Obs.] Shak.
There are political sheepbiters as well as pastoral; betrayers of public trusts as well as of private. L'Estrange.

Sheepcot, Sheepcote

Sheep"cot` (?), Sheep"cote` (?), n. A small inclosure for sheep; a pen; a fold.

Sheep-faced

Sheep"-faced` (?), a. Over-bashful; sheepish.

Sheepfold

Sheep"fold` (?), n. A fold or pen for sheep; a place where sheep are collected or confined.

Sheep-headed

Sheep"-head`ed (?), a. Silly; simple-minded; stupid. Taylor (1630)

Sheephook

Sheep"hook` (?), n. A hook fastened to pole, by which shepherds lay hold on the legs or necks of their sheep; a shepherd's crook. Dryden.

Sheepish

Sheep"ish, a.

1. Of or pertaining to sheep. [Obs.]

2. Like a sheep; bashful; over-modest; meanly or foolishly diffident; timorous to excess.

Wanting change of company, he will, when he comes abroad, be a sheepish or conceited creature. Locke.
-- Sheep"ish*ly, adv. -- Sheep"ish*ness, n.

Sheepmaster

Sheep"mas`ter (?), n. A keeper or feeder of sheep; also, an owner of sheep. 2 Kings iii. 4.

Sheeprack

Sheep"rack` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The starling.

Sheep's-eye

Sheep's"-eye` (?), n. A modest, diffident look; a loving glance; -- commonly in the plural.
I saw her just now give him the languishing eye, as they call it; . . . of old called the sheep's-eye. Wycherley.

Sheep's-foot

Sheep's-foot` (?), n. A printer's tool consisting of a metal bar formed into a hammer head at one end and a claw at the other, -- used as a lever and hammer.

Sheepshank

Sheep"shank` (?), n. (Naut.) A hitch by which a rope may be temporarily shortened.

Sheepshead

Sheeps"head` (, n. [So called because of the fancied resemblance of its head and front teeth to those of a sheep.] (Zo\'94l.) A large and valuable sparoid food fish (Archosargus, ∨ Diplodus, probatocephalus) found on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It often weighs from ten to twelve pounds. &hand; The name is also locally, in a loose way, applied to various other fishes, as the butterfish, the fresh-water drumfish, the parrot fish, the porgy, and the moonfish.

Sheep-shearer

Sheep"-shear`er (?), n. One who shears, or cuts off the wool from, sheep.

Sheep-shearing

Sheep"-shear`ing (?), n.

1. Act of shearing sheep.

2. A feast at the time of sheep-shearing. Shak.

Sheepskin

Sheep"skin` (?), n.

1. The skin of a sheep; or, leather prepared from it.

2. A diploma; -- so called because usually written or printed on parchment prepared from the skin of the sheep. [College Cant]

Sheepsplit

Sheep"split` (?), n. A split of a sheepskin; one of the thin sections made by splitting a sheepskin with a cutting knife or machine.

Sheepy

Sheep"y (?), a. Resembling sheep; sheepish. Testament of Love.

Sheer

Sheer (?), a. [OE. shere, skere, pure, bright, Icel. sk; akin to sk\'c6rr, AS. sc\'c6r, OS. sk\'c6ri, MHG. sch\'c6r, G. schier, Dan. sk, Sw. sk\'84r, Goth. skeirs clear, and E. shine. &root;157. See Shine, v. i.]

1. Bright; clear; pure; unmixed. "Sheer ale." Shak.

Thou sheer, immaculate, and silver fountain. Shak.

2. Very thin or transparent; -- applied to fabrics; as, sheer muslin.

3. Being only what it seems to be; obvious; simple; mere; downright; as, sheer folly; sheer nonsense. "A sheer impossibility." De Quincey.

It is not a sheer advantage to have several strings to one's bow. M. Arnold.

4. Stright up and down; vertical; prpendicular.

A sheer precipice of a thousand feet. J. D. Hooker.
It was at least Nine roods of sheer ascent. Wordsworth.

Sheer

Sheer, adv. Clean; quite; at once. [Obs.] Milton.

Sheer

Sheer, v. t. [See Shear.] To shear. [Obs.] Dryden.

Sheer

Sheer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sheered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sheering.] [D. sheren to shear, cut, withdraw, warp. See Shear.] To decline or deviate from the line of the proper course; to turn aside; to swerve; as, a ship sheers from her course; a horse sheers at a bicycle. To sheer off, to turn or move aside to a distance; to move away. -- To sheer up, to approach obliquely.

Sheer

Sheer, n.

1. (Naut.) (a) The longitudinal upward curvature of the deck, gunwale, and lines of a vessel, as when viewed from the side. (b) The position of a vessel riding at single anchor and swinging clear of it.

2. A turn or change in a course.

Give the canoe a sheer and get nearer to the shore. Cooper.

3. pl. Shears See Shear. Sheer batten (Shipbuilding), a long strip of wood to guide the carpenters in following the sheer plan. -- Sheer boom, a boom slanting across a stream to direct floating logs to one side. -- Sheer hulk. See Shear hulk, under Hulk. -- Sheer plan, ∨ Sheer draught (Shipbuilding), a projection of the lines of a vessel on a vertical longitudinal plane passing through the middle line of the vessel. -- Sheer pole (Naut.), an iron rod lashed to the shrouds just above the dead-eyes and parallel to the ratlines. -- Sheer strake (Shipbuilding), the strake under the gunwale on the top side. Totten. -- To break sheer (Naut.), to deviate from sheer, and risk fouling the anchor.

Sheerly

Sheer"ly (?), adv. At once; absolutely. [Obs.]

Sheerwater

Sheer"wa`ter (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The shearwater.

Sheet

Sheet (?), n. [OE. shete, schete, AS. sc, sc, fr. sce\'a0t a projecting corner, a fold in a garment (akin to D. schoot sheet, bosom, lap, G. schoss bosom, lap, flap of a coat, Icel. skaut, Goth. skauts the hem of a garment); originally, that which shoots out, from the root of AS. sce\'a2tan to shoot. &root;159. See Shoot, v. t.] In general, a large, broad piece of anything thin, as paper, cloth, etc.; a broad, thin portion of any substance; an expanded superficies. Specifically: (a) A broad piece of cloth, usually linen or cotton, used for wrapping the body or for a covering; especially, one used as an article of bedding next to the body.
He fell into a trance, and saw heaven opened, and a certain vessel descending unto him, as it had been a great sheet knit at the four corners. Acts x. 10, 11.
If I do die before thee, prithee, shroud me In one of those same sheets. Shak.
(b) A broad piece of paper, whether folded or unfolded, whether blank or written or printed upon; hence, a letter; a newspaper, etc. (c) A single signature of a book or a pamphlet; in pl., the book itself.
To this the following sheets are intended for a full and distinct answer. Waterland.
(d) A broad, thinly expanded portion of metal or other substance; as, a sheet of copper, of glass, or the like; a plate; a leaf. (e) A broad expanse of water, or the like. "The two beautiful sheets of water." Macaulay. (f) A sail. Dryden. (g) (Geol.) An extensive bed of an eruptive rock intruded between, or overlying, other strata.

2. [AS. sce\'a0ta. See the Etymology above.] (Naut.) (a) A rope or chain which regulates the angle of adjustment of a sail in relation in relation to the wind; -- usually attached to the lower corner of a sail, or to a yard or a boom. (b) pl. The space in the forward or the after part of a boat where there are no rowers; as, fore sheets; stern sheets. &hand; Sheet is often used adjectively, or in combination, to denote that the substance to the name of which it is prefixed is in the form of sheets, or thin plates or leaves; as, sheet brass, or sheet-brass; sheet glass, or sheet-glass; sheet gold, or sheet-gold; sheet iron, or sheet-iron, etc. A sheet in the wind, half drunk. [Sailors' Slang] -- Both sheets in the wind, very drunk. [Sailors' Slang] -- In sheets, lying flat or expanded; not folded, or folded but not bound; -- said especially of printed sheets. -- Sheet bend (Naut.), a bend or hitch used for temporarily fastening a rope to the bight of another rope or to an eye. -- Sheet lightning, Sheet piling, etc. See under Lightning, Piling, etc. <-- Three sheets to the wind, very drunk (now more common than "both sheets in the wind" -->

Sheet

Sheet, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sheeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sheeting.]

1. To furnish with a sheet or sheets; to wrap in, or cover with, a sheet, or as with a sheet. "The sheeted dead." "When snow the pasture sheets." Shak.


Page 1327

2. To expand, as a sheet.

The star shot flew from the welkin blue, As it fell from the sheeted sky. J. R. Drake.
To sheet home (Naut.), to haul upon a sheet until the sail is as flat, and the clew as near the wind, as possible.

Sheet anchor

Sheet" an"chor (?). [OE. scheten to shoot, AS. sce\'a2tan; cf. OE. shoot anchor. See Shoot, v. t.]

1. (Naut.) A large anchor stowed on shores outside the waist of a vessel; -- called also waist anchor. See the Note under Anchor.

2. Anything regarded as a sure support or dependence in danger; the best hope or refuge.

Sheet cable

Sheet" ca"ble (?). (Naut.) The cable belonging to the sheet anchor.

Sheet chain

Sheet" chain" (?). (Naut.) A chain sheet cable.

Sheetful

Sheet"ful (?), n.; pl. Sheetfuls (. Enough to fill a sheet; as much as a sheet can hold.

Sheeting

Sheet"ing, n.

1. Cotton or linen cloth suitable for bed sheets. It is sometimes made of double width.

2. (Hydraul. Engin.) A lining of planks or boards (rarely of metal) for protecting an embankment.

3. The act or process of forming into sheets, or flat pieces; also, material made into sheets.

Sheik

Sheik (?), n. [Ar. sheikh, shaykh, a venerable old man, a chief, fr. sh\'bekha to grow or be old.] The head of an Arab family, or of a clan or a tribe; also, the chief magistrate of an Arab village. The name is also applied to Mohammedan ecclesiastics of a high grade. [Written also scheik, shaik, sheikh.]

Shell, Shelling

Shell (?), Shell"ing, n. See Sheeling.

Shekel

Shek"el (?), n. [Heb. shegel, fr. sh\'begal to weigh.]

1. An ancient weight and coin used by the Jews and by other nations of the same stock. &hand; A common estimate makes the shekel equal in weight to about 130 grains for gold, 224 grains for silver, and 450 grains for copper, and the approximate values of the coins are (gold) $5.00, (silver) 60 cents, and (copper half shekel), one and one half cents.

2. pl. A jocose term for money.

Shekinah

She*ki"nah (?), n. [Heb Talmud shek\'c6n\'beh, fr. sh\'bekan to inhabit.] The visible majesty of the Divine Presence, especially when resting or dwelling between the cherubim on the mercy seat, in the Tabernacle, or in the Temple of Solomon; -- a term used in the Targums and by the later Jews, and adopted by Christians. [Written also Shechinah.] Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.)

Sheld

Sheld (?), a. [OE., fr. sheld a shield, probably in allusion to the ornamentation of shields. See Shield.] Variegated; spotted; speckled; piebald. [Prov. Eng.]

Sheldafle, Sheldaple

Sheld"a*fle (?), Sheld"a*ple (?), n. [Perhaps for sheld dapple. Cf. Sheldrake.] (Zo\'94l.) A chaffinch. [Written also sheldapple, and shellapple.]

Sheldfowl

Sheld"fowl` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The common sheldrake. [Prov. Eng.]

Sheldrake

Shel"drake` (?), n. [Sheld + drake.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large Old World ducks of the genus Tadorna and allied genera, especially the European and Asiatic species. (T. cornuta, ∨ tadorna), which somewhat resembles a goose in form and habit, but breeds in burrows. &hand; It has the head and neck greenish black, the breast, sides, and forward part of the back brown, the shoulders and middle of belly black, the speculum green, and the bill and frontal bright red. Called also shelduck, shellduck, sheldfowl, skeelduck, bergander, burrow duck, and links goose. &hand; The Australian sheldrake (Tadorna radja) has the head, neck, breast, flanks, and wing coverts white, the upper part of the back and a band on the breast deep chestnut, and the back and tail black. The chestnut sheldrake of Australia (Casarca tadornoides) is varied with black and chestnut, and has a dark green head and neck. The ruddy sheldrake, or Braminy duck (C. rutila), and the white-winged sheldrake (C. leucoptera), are related Asiatic species.

2. Any one of the American mergansers. &hand; The name is also loosely applied to other ducks, as the canvasback, and the shoveler.

Shelduck

Shel"duck` (?), n. [Sheld variegated + duck.] (Zo\'94l.) The sheldrake. [Written also shellduck.]

Shelf

Shelf (?), n.; pl. Shelves (#). [OE. shelfe, schelfe, AS. scylfe; akin to G. schelfe, Icel. skj\'belf. In senses 2 & 3, perhaps a different word (cf. Shelve, v. i.).]

1. (Arch.) A flat tablet or ledge of any material set horizontally at a distance from the floor, to hold objects of use or ornament.

2. A sand bank in the sea, or a rock, or ledge of rocks, rendering the water shallow, and dangerous to ships.

On the tawny sands and shelves. Milton.
On the secret shelves with fury cast. Dryden.

3. (Mining) A stratum lying in a very even manner; a flat, projecting layer of rock.

4. (Naut.) A piece of timber running the whole length of a vessel inside the timberheads. D. Kemp. To lay on the shelf, to lay aside as unnecessary or useless; to dismiss; to discard.

Shelfy

Shelf"y (?), a.

1. Abounding in shelves; full of dangerous shallows. "A shelfy coast." Dryden.

2. Full of strata of rock. [Obs.]

The tillable fields are in some places . . . so shelfy that the corn hath much ado to fasten its root. Carew.

Shell

Shell (?), n. [OE. shelle, schelle, AS. scell, scyll; akin to D. shel, Icel. skel, Goth. skalja a tile, and E. skill. Cf. Scale of fishes, Shale, Skill.]

1. A hard outside covering, as of a fruit or an animal. Specifically: (a) The covering, or outside part, of a nut; as, a hazelnut shell. (b) A pod. (c) The hard covering of an egg.

Think him as a serpent's egg, . . . And kill him in the shell. Shak.
(d) (Zo\'94l.) The hard calcareous or chitinous external covering of mollusks, crustaceans, and some other invertebrates. In some mollusks, as the cuttlefishes, it is internal, or concealed by the mantle. Also, the hard covering of some vertebrates, as the armadillo, the tortoise, and the like. (e) (Zo\'94l.) Hence, by extension, any mollusks having such a covering.

2. (Mil.) A hollow projectile, of various shapes, adapted for a mortar or a cannon, and containing an explosive substance, ignited with a fuse or by percussion, by means of which the projectile is burst and its fragments scattered. See Bomb.

3. The case which holds the powder, or charge of powder and shot, used with breechloading small arms.

4. Any slight hollow structure; a framework, or exterior structure, regarded as not complete or filled in; as, the shell of a house.

5. A coarse kind of coffin; also, a thin interior coffin inclosed in a more substantial one. Knight.

6. An instrument of music, as a lyre, -- the first lyre having been made, it is said, by drawing strings over a tortoise shell.

When Jubal struck the chorded shell. Dryden.

7. An engraved copper roller used in print works.

8. pl. The husks of cacao seeds, a decoction of which is often used as a substitute for chocolate, cocoa, etc.

9. (Naut.) The outer frame or case of a block within which the sheaves revolve.

10. A light boat the frame of which is covered with thin wood or with paper; as, a racing shell. Message shell, a bombshell inside of which papers may be put, in order to convey messages. -- Shell bit, a tool shaped like a gouge, used with a brace in boring wood. See Bit, n., 3. -- Shell button. (a) A button made of shell. (b) A hollow button made of two pieces, as of metal, one for the front and the other for the back, -- often covered with cloth, silk, etc. -- Shell cameo, a cameo cut in shell instead of stone. -- Shell flower. (Bot.) Same as Turtlehead. -- Shell gland. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A glandular organ in which the rudimentary shell is formed in embryonic mollusks. (b) A glandular organ which secretes the eggshells of various worms, crustacea, mollusks, etc. -- Shell gun, a cannon suitable for throwing shells. -- Shell ibis (Zo\'94l.), the openbill of India. -- Shell jacket, an undress military jacket. -- Shell lime, lime made by burning the shells of shellfish. -- Shell marl (Min.), a kind of marl characterized by an abundance of shells, or fragments of shells. -- Shell meat, food consisting of shellfish, or testaceous mollusks. Fuller. -- Shell mound. See under Mound. -- Shell of a boiler, the exterior of a steam boiler, forming a case to contain the water and steam, often inclosing also flues and the furnace; the barrel of a cylindrical, or locomotive, boiler. -- Shell road, a road of which the surface or bed is made of shells, as oyster shells. -- Shell sand, minute fragments of shells constituting a considerable part of the seabeach in some places.

Shell

Shell, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shelling.]

1. To strip or break off the shell of; to take out of the shell, pod, etc.; as, to shell nuts or pease; to shell oysters.

2. To separate the kernels of (an ear of Indian corn, wheat, oats, etc.) from the cob, ear, or husk.

3. To throw shells or bombs upon or into; to bombard; as, to shell a town. To shell out, to distribute freely; to bring out or pay, as money. [Colloq.]

Shell

Shell, v. i.

1. To fall off, as a shell, crust, etc.

2. To cast the shell, or exterior covering; to fall out of the pod or husk; as, nuts shell in falling.

3. To be disengaged from the ear or husk; as, wheat or rye shells in reaping.

Shell-lac, Shellac

Shell"-lac`, Shel"lac` (?), n. [Shell + lac a resinous substance; cf. D. shellak, G. schellack.] See the Note under 2d Lac.

Shellapple

Shell"ap`ple, n. (Zo\'94l.) See Sheldafle.

Shellbark

Shell"bark` (?), n. (Bot.) A species of hickory (Carya alba) whose outer bark is loose and peeling; a shagbark; also, its nut.

Shelled

Shelled (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a shell.

Sheller

Shell"er (?), n. One who, or that which, shells; as, an oyster sheller; a corn sheller.

Shellfish

Shell"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any aquatic animal whose external covering consists of a shell, either testaceous, as in oysters, clams, and other mollusks, or crustaceous, as in lobsters and crabs.

Shelling

Shell"ing, n. Groats; hulled oats. Simmonds.

Shell-less

Shell"-less, a. Having no shell. J. Burroughs.

Shellproof

Shell"proof` (?), a. Capable of resisting bombs or other shells; bombproof.

Shellwork

Shell"work` (?), n. Work composed of shells, or adorned with them. Cotgrave.

Shelly

Shell"y (?), a. Abounding with shells; consisting of shells, or of a shell. "The shelly shore." Prior.
Shrinks backward in his shelly cave. Shak.

Shelter

Shel"ter (?), n. [Cf. OE. scheltrun, shiltroun, schelltrome, scheldtrome, a guard, squadron, AS. scildtruma a troop of men with shields; scild shield + truma a band of men. See Shield, n.]

1. That which covers or defends from injury or annoyance; a protection; a screen.

The sick and weak the healing plant shall aid, From storms a shelter, and from heat a shade. Pope.

2. One who protects; a guardian; a defender.

Thou [God] hast been a shelter for me. Ps. lxi. 3.

3. The state of being covered and protected; protection; security.

Who into shelter takes their tender bloom. Young.
Shelter tent,a small tent made of pieces of cotton duck arranged to button together. In field service the soldiers carry the pieces. Syn. -- Asylum; refuge; retreat; covert; sanctuary; protection; defense; security.

Shelter

Shel"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sheltered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sheltering.]

1. To be a shelter for; to provide with a shelter; to cover from injury or annoyance; to shield; to protect.

Those ruins sheltered once his sacred head. Dryden.
You have no convents . . . in which such persons may be received and sheltered. Southey.

2. To screen or cover from notice; to disguise.

In vain I strove to cheek my growing flame, Or shelter passion under friendship's name. Prior.

3. To betake to cover, or to a safe place; -- used reflexively.

They sheltered themselves under a rock. Abp. Abbot.

Shelter

Shel"ter, v. i. To take shelter.
There oft the Indian herdsman, shunning heat, Shelters in cool. Milton.

Shelterless

Shel"ter*less, a. Destitute of shelter or protection.
Now sad and shelterless perhaps she lies. Rowe.

Sheltery

Shel"ter*y (?), a. Affording shelter. [R.]

Sheltie, Shelty

Shel"tie (?), Shel"ty (?), n. A Shetland pony.

Shelve

Shelve (?), v. t.

1. To furnish with shelves; as, to shelve a closet or a library.

2. To place on a shelf. Hence: To lay on the shelf; to put aside; to dismiss from service; to put off indefinitely; as, to shelve an officer; to shelve a claim.

Shelve

Shelve, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shelved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shelving.] [Perhapss originally from the same source as shallow, but influenced by shelf a ledge, a platform.] To incline gradually; to be slopping; as, the bottom shelves from the shore.

Shelving

Shelv"ing, a. Sloping gradually; inclining; as, a shelving shore. Shak. "Shelving arches." Addison.

Shelving

Shelv"ing, n.

1. The act of fitting up shelves; as, the job of shelving a closet.

2. The act of laying on a shelf, or on the shelf; putting off or aside; as, the shelving of a claim.

3. Material for shelves; shelves, collectively.

Shelvy

Shelv"y (?), a. Sloping gradually; shelving.
The shore was shelving and shallow. Shak.

Shemite

Shem"ite (?), n. A descendant of Shem.

Shemitic, Shemitish

Shem*it"ic (?), Shem"i*tish (?), a. Of or pertaining to Shem, the son of Noah, or his descendants. See Semitic.

Shemitism

Shem"i*tism (?), n. See Semitism.

Shend

Shend (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shent (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shending.] [AS. scendan to disgrace, bring to shame, from sceand, sceond, disgrace, dishonor, shame; akin to G. schande, Goth. skanda. See Shame, n.]

1. To injure, mar, spoil, or harm. [Obs.] "Loss of time shendeth us." Chaucer.

I fear my body will be shent. Dryden.

2. To blame, reproach, or revile; to degrade, disgrace, or put to shame. [Archaic] R. Browning.

The famous name of knighthood foully shend. Spenser.
She passed the rest as Cynthia doth shend The lesser stars. Spenser.

Shendful

Shend"ful (?), a. Destructive; ruinous; disgraceful. [Obs.] -- Shend"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] Fabyan.

Shendship

Shend"ship, n. Harm; ruin; also, reproach; disgrace. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Shent

Shent (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Shend, for shendeth. Chaucer.

Shent

Shent, v. t. To shend. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sheol

She"ol (?), n. [Heb. sh.] The place of departed spirits; Hades; also, the grave.
For thou wilt not leave my soul to sheel. Ps. xvi. 10. (Rev. Ver.)

Shepen

Shep"en (?), n. A stable; a shippen. [Obs.]
The shepne brenning with the blacke smoke. Chaucer.

Shepherd

Shep"herd (?), n. [OE. schepherde, schephirde, AS. sce\'a0phyrde; sce\'a0p sheep + hyrde, hirde, heorde, a herd, a guardian. See Sheep, and Herd.]

1. A man employed in tending, feeding, and guarding sheep, esp. a flock grazing at large.

2. The pastor of a church; one with the religious guidance of others. Shepherd bird (Zo\'94l.), the crested screamer. See Screamer. -- Shepherd dog (Zo\'94l.), a breed of dogs used largely for the herding and care of sheep. There are several kinds, as the collie, or Scotch shepherd dog, and the English shepherd dog. Called also shepherd's dog. -- Shepherd dog, a name of Pan. Keats. -- Shepherd kings, the chiefs of a nomadic people who invaded Egypt from the East in the traditional period, and conquered it, at least in part. They were expelled after about five hundred years, and attempts have been made to connect their expulsion with narrative in the book of Exodus. -- Shepherd's club (Bot.), the common mullein. See Mullein. -- Shepherd's crook, a long staff having the end curved so as to form a large hook, -- used by shepherds. -- Shepherd's needle (Bot.), the lady's comb. -- Shepherd's plaid, a kind of woolen cloth of a checkered black and white pattern. -- Shephered spider (Zo\'94l.), a daddy longlegs, or harvestman. -- Shepherd's pouch, ∨ Shepherd's purse (Bot.), an annual cruciferous plant (Capsella Bursapastoris) bearing small white flowers and pouchlike pods. See Illust. of Silicle. -- Shepherd's rod, ∨ Shepherd's staff (Bot.), the small teasel.

Shepherd

Shep"herd, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shepherded; p. pr. & vb. n. Shepherding.] To tend as a shepherd; to guard, herd, lead, or drive, as a shepherd. [Poetic]
White, fleecy clouds . . .
Shepherded by the slow, unwilling wind. Shelley.

Shepherdess

Shep"herd*ess, n. A woman who tends sheep; hence, a rural lass.
She put herself into the garb of a shepherdess. Sir P. Sidney.

Shepherdia

Shep*her"di*a (?), n.; pl. Shepherdias (#). [NL. So called from John Shepherd, an English botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs having silvery scurfy leaves, and belonging to the same family as El\'91agnus; also, any plant of this genus. See Buffalo berry, under Buffalo.
Page 1328

Shepherdish

Shep"herd*ish (?), n. Resembling a shepherd; suiting a shepherd; pastoral. Sir T. Sidney.

Shepherdism

Shep"herd*ism (?), n. Pastoral life or occupation.

Shepherdling

Shep"herd*ling (?), n. A little shepherd.

Shepherdly

Shep"herd*ly (?), a. Resembling, or becoming to, a shepherd; pastoral; rustic. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

Shepster

Shep"ster (?), n. A seamstress. [Obs.] Caxton.

Sherbet

Sher"bet (?), n. [Ar. sherbet, shorbet, sharbat, properly, one drink or sip, a draught, beverage, from shariba to drink. Cf. Sorbet, Sirup, Shrub a drink.]

1. A refreshing drink, common in the East, made of the juice of some fruit, diluted, sweetened, and flavored in various ways; as, orange sherbet; lemon sherbet; raspberry sherbet, etc.

2. A flavored water ice.

3. A preparation of bicarbonate of soda, tartaric acid, sugar, etc., variously flavored, for making an effervescing drink; -- called also sherbet powder.

Sherd

Sherd (?), n. A fragment; -- now used only in composition, as in potsherd. See Shard.
The thigh . . . which all in sherds it drove. Chapman.

Shereef, Sherif

Sher"eef (?), Sher"if (?), n. [Ar. sher\'c6f noble, holy, n., a prince.] A member of an Arab princely family descended from Mohammed through his son-in-law Ali and daughter Fatima. The Grand Shereef is the governor of Mecca.

Sheriat

Sher"i*at (?), n. [Turk. sher\'c6 'at] The sacred law of the Turkish empire.

Sheriff

Sher"iff, n. [OE. shereve, AS. sc\'c6r-ger; sc\'c6r a shire + ger a reeve. See Shire, and Reeve, and cf. Shrievalty.] The chief officer of a shire or county, to whom is intrusted the execution of the laws, the serving of judicial writs and processes, and the preservation of the peace. &hand; In England, sheriffs are appointed by the king. In the United States, sheriffs are elected by the legislature or by the citizens, or appointed and commissioned by the executive of the State. The office of sheriff in England is judicial and ministerial. In the United States, it is mainly ministerial. The sheriff, by himself or his deputies, executes civil and criminal process throughout the county, has charge of the jail and prisoners, attends courts, and keeps the peace. His judicial authority is generally confined to ascertaining damages on writs of inquiry and the like. Sheriff, in Scotland, called sheriff depute, is properly a judge, having also certain ministerial powers. Sheriff clerk is the clerk of the Sheriff's Court in Scotland. Sheriff's Court in London is a tribunal having cognizance of certain personal actions in that city. Wharton, Tomlins. Erskine.

Sheriffalty, Sheriffdom, Sheriffry, Sheriffship, Sheriffwick

Sher"iff*al*ty (?), Sher"iff*dom (?), Sher"iff*ry (?), Sher"iff*ship (?), Sher"iff*wick (?), n. The office or jurisdiction of sheriff. See Shrievalty.

Shern

Shern (?), n. See Shearn. [Obs.]

Sherris

Sher"ris (?), n. Sherry. [Obs.] Shak.

Sherry

Sher"ry (?), n. [So called from Xeres, a Spanish town near Cadiz, x in Spanish having been formerly pronounced like sh in English.] A Spanish light-colored dry wine, made in Andalusia. As prepared for commerce it is colored a straw color or a deep amber by mixing with it cheap wine boiled down. Sherry cobbler, a beverage prepared with sherry wine, water, lemon or orange, sugar, ice, etc., and usually imbided through a straw or a glass tube.

Sherryvallies

Sher"ry*val`lies (?), n. pl. [Cf. Sp. zaraquelles wide breeches or overalls.] Trousers or overalls of thick cloth or leather, buttoned on the outside of each leg, and generally worn to protect other trousers when riding on horseback. [Local, U.S.] Bartlett.

Shet

Shet (?), v. t. & i. [imp. Shet. (Obs. Shette (); p. pr. Shet; p. pr. & vb. n. Shetting.] To shut. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer.

Shete

Shete (?), v. t. & i. To shoot. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sheth

Sheth (?), n. The part of a plow which projects downward beneath the beam, for holding the share and other working parts; -- also called standard, or post.

Shetland pony

Shet"land po"ny (?). One of a small, hardy breed of horses, with long mane and tail, which originated in the Shetland Islands; a sheltie.

Shew

Shew (?), v. t. & i. See Show.

Shew

Shew, n. Show. [Obs. except in shewbread.]

Shewbread

Shew"bread` (?). See Showbread.

Shewel

Shew"el (?), n. A scarecrow. [Obs.] Trench.

Shewer

Shew"er (?), n. One who shews. See Shower.

Shewn

Shewn (?), p. p. of Shew.

Shiah

Shi"ah (?), n. Same as Shiite.

Shibboleth

Shib"bo*leth (?), n. [Heb. shibb&omac;leth an ear of corn, or a stream, a flood.]

1. A word which was made the criterion by which to distinguish the Ephraimites from the Gileadites. The Ephraimites, not being able to pronounce sh, called the word sibboleth. See Judges xii.

Without reprieve, adjudged to death, For want of well pronouncing shibboleth. Milton.
Also in an extended sense.
The th, with its twofold value, is . . . the shibboleth of foreigners. Earle.

2. Hence, the criterion, test, or watchword of a party; a party cry or pet phrase.

Shide

Shide (?), n. [OE. shide, schide, AS. sc\'c6de; akin to OHG. sc\'c6t, G. scheit, Icel. sk\'c6, and E. shed, v.t.] A thin board; a billet of wood; a splinter. [Prov. Eng.]

Shie

Shie (?), v. t. See Shy, to throw.

Shied

Shied (?), imp. & p. p. of Shy.

Shiel

Shiel, n. A sheeling. [Scot.] Burns.

Shield

Shield (?), n. [OE. sheld, scheld, AS. scield, scild, sceld, scyld; akin to OS. scild, OFries. skeld, D. & G. schild, OHG. scilt, Icel. skj\'94ldr, Sw. sk\'94ld, Dan. skiold, Goth. skildus; of uncertain origin. Cf. Sheldrake.]

1. A broad piece of defensive armor, carried on the arm, -- formerly in general use in war, for the protection of the body. See Buckler.

Now put your shields before your hearts and fight, With hearts more proof than shields. Shak.

2. Anything which protects or defends; defense; shelter; protection. "My council is my shield." Shak.

3. Figuratively, one who protects or defends.

Fear not, Abram; I am thy shield, and thy exceeding great reward. Gen. xv. 1.

4. (Bot.) In lichens, a Hardened cup or disk surrounded by a rim and containing the fructification, or asci.

5. (Her.) The escutcheon or field on which are placed the bearings in coats of arms. Cf. Lozenge. See Illust. of Escutcheon.

6. (Mining & Tunneling) A framework used to protect workmen in making an adit under ground, and capable of being pushed along as excavation progresses.

7. A spot resembling, or having the form of, a shield. "Bespotted as with shields of red and black." Spenser.

8. A coin, the old French crown, or \'82cu, having on one side the figure of a shield. [Obs.] Chaucer. Shield fern (Bot.), any fern of the genus Aspidium, in which the fructifications are covered with shield-shaped indusia; -- called also wood fern. See Illust. of Indusium.

Shield

Shield (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shielded; p. pr. & vb. n. Shielding.] [AS. scidan, scyldan. See Shield, n.]

1. To cover with, or as with, a shield; to cover from danger; to defend; to protect from assault or injury.

Shouts of applause ran ringing through the field, To see the son the vanquished father shield. Dryden.
A woman's shape doth shield thee. Shak.

2. To ward off; to keep off or out.

They brought with them their usual weeds, fit to shield the cold to which they had been inured. Spenser.

3. To avert, as a misfortune; hence, as a supplicatory exclamation, forbid! [Obs.]

God shield that it should so befall. Chaucer.
God shield I should disturb devotion! Shak.

Shield-bearer

Shield"-bear`er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, carries a shield.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any small moth of the genus Aspidisca, whose larva makes a shieldlike covering for itself out of bits of leaves.

Shielddrake

Shield"drake` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A sheldrake.

Shieldless

Shield"less, a. Destitute of a shield, or of protection. -- Shield"less*ly, adv. -- Shield"less*ness, n.

Shieldtail

Shield"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of small burrowing snakes of the family Uropeltid\'91, native of Ceylon and Southern Asia. They have a small mouth which can not be dilated.

Shieling

Shiel"ing (?), n. A hut or shelter for shepherds of fishers. See Sheeling. [Scot.]

Shift

Shift (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shifting.] [OE. shiften, schiften, to divide, change, remove. AS. sciftan to divide; akin to LG. & D. schiften to divide, distinguish, part Icel. skipta to divide, to part, to shift, to change, Dan skifte, Sw. skifta, and probably to Icel. sk\'c6fa to cut into slices, as n., a slice, and to E. shive, sheave, n., shiver, n.]

1. To divide; to distribute; to apportion. [Obs.]

To which God of his bounty would shift Crowns two of flowers well smelling. Chaucer.

2. To change the place of; to move or remove from one place to another; as, to shift a burden from one shoulder to another; to shift the blame.

Hastily he schifte him[self]. Piers Plowman.
Pare saffron between the two St. Mary's days, Or set or go shift it that knowest the ways. Tusser.

3. To change the position of; to alter the bearings of; to turn; as, to shift the helm or sails.

Carrying the oar loose, [they] shift it hither and thither at pleasure. Sir W. Raleigh.

4. To exchange for another of the same class; to remove and to put some similar thing in its place; to change; as, to shift the clothes; to shift the scenes.

I would advise you to shift a shirt. Shak.

5. To change the clothing of; -- used reflexively. [Obs.]

As it were to ride day and night; and . . . not to have patience to shift me. Shak.

6. To put off or out of the way by some expedient. "I shifted him away." Shak. To shift off, to delay; to defer; to put off; to lay aside. -- To shift the scene, to change the locality or the surroundings, as in a play or a story.

Shift the scene for half an hour; Time and place are in thy power. Swift.

Shiff

Shiff, v. i.

1. To divide; to distribute. [Obs.]

Some this, some that, as that him liketh shift. Chaucer.

2. To make a change or changes; to change position; to move; to veer; to substitute one thing for another; -- used in the various senses of the transitive verb.

The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slippered pantaloon. Shak.
Here the Baillie shifted and fidgeted about in his seat. Sir W. Scott.

3. To resort to expedients for accomplishing a purpose; to contrive; to manage.

Men in distress will look to themselves, and leave their companions to schift as well as they can. L'Estrange.

4. To practice indirect or evasive methods.

All those schoolmen, though they were exceeding witty, yet better teach all their followers to shift, than to resolve by their distinctions. Sir W. Raleigh.

5. (Naut.) To slip to one side of a ship, so as to destroy the equilibrum; -- said of ballast or cargo; as, the cargo shifted.

Shift

Shift (?), n. [Cf. Icel skipti. See Shift, v. t.]

1. The act of shifting. Specifically: (a) The act of putting one thing in the place of another, or of changing the place of a thing; change; substitution.

My going to Oxford was not merely for shift of air. Sir H. Wotton.
(b) A turning from one thing to another; hence, an expedient tried in difficalty; often, an evasion; a trick; a fraud. "Reduced to pitiable shifts." Macaulay.
I 'll find a thousand shifts to get away. Shak.
Little souls on little shifts rely. Dryden.

2. Something frequently shifted; especially, a woman's under-garment; a chemise.

3. The change of one set of workmen for another; hence, a spell, or turn, of work; also, a set of workmen who work in turn with other sets; as, a night shift.

4. In building, the extent, or arrangement, of the overlapping of plank, brick, stones, etc., that are placed in courses so as to break joints.

5. (Mining) A breaking off and dislocation of a seam; a fault.

6. (Mus.) A change of the position of the hand on the finger board, in playing the violin. To make shift, to contrive or manage in an exigency. "I shall make shift to go without him." Shak.

[They] made a shift to keep their own in Ireland. Milton.

Shiftable

Shift"a*ble (?), a. Admitting of being shifted.

Shifter

Shift"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, shifts; one who plays tricks or practices artifice; a cozener.

'T was such a shifter that, if truth were known, Death was half glad when he had got him down. Milton.

2. (Naut.) An assistant to the ship's cook in washing, steeping, and shifting the salt provisions.

3. (Mach.) (a) An arrangement for shifting a belt sidewise from one pulley to another. (b) (Knitting Mach.) A wire for changing a loop from one needle to another, as in narrowing, etc.

Shiftiness

Shift"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being shifty.
Diplomatic shiftiness and political versatility. J. A. Syminds.

Shifting

Shift"ing, a.

1. Changing in place, position, or direction; varying; variable; fickle; as, shifting winds; shifting opinions or principles.

2. Adapted or used for shifting anything. Shifting backstays (Naut.), temporary stays that have to be let go whenever the vessel tacks or jibes. -- Shifting ballast, ballast which may be moved from one side of a vessel to another as safety requires. -- Shifting center. See Metacenter. -- Shifting locomotive. See Switching engine, under Switch.

Shiftingly

Shift"ing*ly, adv. In a shifting manner.

Shiftless

Shift"less, a. Destitute of expedients, or not using successful expedients; characterized by failure, especially by failure to provide for one's own support, through negligence or incapacity; hence, lazy; improvident; thriftless; as, a shiftless fellow; shiftless management. -- Shift"less*ly, adv. -- Shift"less*ness, n.

Shifty

Shift"y (?), a. Full of, or ready with, shifts; fertile in expedients or contrivance. Wright.
Shifty and thrifty as old Greek or modern Scot, there were few things he could not invent, and perhaps nothing he could not endure. C. Kingsley.

Shiite, Shiah

Shi"ite (?), Shi"ah (?), n. [Ar. sh\'c6'a\'c6a follower of the sect of Ali, fr. sh\'c6'at, sh\'c6'ah, a multitude following one another in pursuit of the same object, the sect of Ali, fr. sh\'be'a to follow.] A member of that branch of the Mohammedans to which the Persians belong. They reject the first three caliphs, and consider Ali as being the first and only rightful successor of Mohammed. They do not acknowledge the Sunna, or body of traditions respecting Mohammed, as any part of the law, and on these accounts are treated as heretics by the Sunnites, or orthodox Mohammedans.

Shikaree, Shikari

Shi*ka"ree, Shi*ka"ri (?) n. [Hind.] A sportsman; esp., a native hunter. [India]

Shilf

Shilf (?), n. [CF. G. shilf sedge.] Straw. [Obs.]

Shill

Shill (?), v. t. To shell. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Shill

Shill, v. t. [Cf. Sheal.] To put under cover; to sheal. [Prov.ng.] Brockett.

Shillalah, Shillelah

Shil*la"lah, Shil*le"lah (?), n. An oaken sapling or cudgel; any cudgel; -- so called from Shillelagh, a place in Ireland of that name famous for its oaks. [Irish] [Written also shillaly, and shillely.]

Shilling

Shil"ling (?), n. [OE. shilling, schilling, AS. scilling; akin to D. schelling, OS. & OHG. scilling, G. schilling, Sw. & Dan. skilling, Icel. skillingr, Goth. skilliggs, and perh. to OHG. scellan to sound, G. schallen.]

1. A silver coin, and money of account, of Great Britain and its dependencies, equal to twelve pence, or the twentieth part of a pound, equivalent to about twenty-four cents of the United States currency.

2. In the United States, a denomination of money, differing in value in different States. It is not now legally recognized. &hand; Many of the States while colonies had issued bills of credit which had depreciated in different degrees in the different colonies. Thus, in New England currency (used also in Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida), after the adoption of the decimal system, the pound in paper money was worth only $3.333, and the shilling 16 Am. Cyc.


Page 1329

3. The Spanish real, of the value of one eight of a dollar, or 12 York shilling. Same as Shilling, 3.

Shill-I-shall-I, Shilly-shally

Shill"-I-shall`-I (?), Shil"ly-shal`ly, adv. [A reduplication of shall I.] In an irresolute, undecided, or hesitating manner.
I am somewhat dainty in making a resolution, because when I make it, I keep it; I don't stand shill-I-shall-I then; if I say 't, I'll do 't. Congreve.

Shilly-shally

Shil"ly-shal`ly, v. i. To hesitate; to act in an irresolute manner; hence, to occupy one's self with trifles.

Shilly-shally

Shil"ly-shal`ly, n. Irresolution; hesitation; also, occupation with trifles.
She lost not one of her forty-five minutes in picking and choosing, -- no shilly-shally in Kate. De Quincey.

Shiloh

Shi"loh (sh\'c6\'b6l\'d3), n. [Heb. sh\'c6l\'d3h, literally, quiet, rest, fr. sh\'bel\'beh to rest.] (Script.) A word used by Jacob on his deathbed, and interpreted variously, as "the Messiah," or as the city "Shiloh," or as "Rest."

Shily

Shi"ly (?), adv. See Shyly.

Shim

Shim (?), n.

1. A kind of shallow plow used in tillage to break the ground, and clear it of weeds.

2. (Mach.) A thin piece of metal placed between two parts to make a fit.

Shimmer

Shim"mer (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shimmered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shimmering.] [OE. schimeren, AS. scimerian; akin to sc\'c6mian, sc\'c6man, to glitter, D. schemeren, G. schimmern, Dan. skimre, Sw. skimra, AS. sc\'c6ma a light, brightness, Icel. sk\'c6ma, Goth. skeima a torch, a lantern, and E. shine. &root;157. See Shine, v. i.] To shine with a tremulous or intermittent light; to shine faintly; to gleam; to glisten; to glimmer.
The shimmering glimpses of a stream. Tennyson.

Shimmer

Shim"mer, n. A faint, tremulous light; a gleaming; a glimmer.
TWo silver lamps, fed with perfumed oil, diffused . . . a trembling twilight-seeming shimmer through the quiet apartment. Sir W. Scott.

Shimmering

Shim"mer*ing, n. A gleam or glimmering. "A little shimmering of a light." Chaucer.

Shimmy

Shim"my (?), n. A chemise. [Colloq.]

Shin

Shin (?), n. [OE. shine, schine, AS. scina; akin to D. scheen, OHG. scina, G. schiene, schienbein, Dan. skinnebeen, Sw. skenben. Cf. Chine.]

1. The front part of the leg below the knee; the front edge of the shin bone; the lower part of the leg; the shank. "On his shin." Chaucer.

2. (Railbroad) A fish plate for rails. Knight. Shin bone (Anat.), the tibia. -- Shin leaf (Bot.), a perennial ericaceous herb (Pyrola elliptica) with a cluster of radical leaves and a raceme of greenish white flowers.

Shin

Shin, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shinned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shinning.]

1. To climb a mast, tree, rope, or the like, by embracing it alternately with the arms and legs, without help of steps, spurs, or the like; -- used with up; as, to shin up a mast. [Slang] <-- now usu. shinny -->

2. To run about borrowing money hastily and temporarily, as for the payment of one's notes at the bank. [Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.

Shin

Shin, v. t. To climb (a pole, etc.) by shinning up. [Slang]

Shindle

Shin"dle (?), n. [See 2d Shingle.] A shingle; also, a slate for roofing. [Obs.] Holland.

Shindle

Shin"dle, v. t. To cover or roof with shindles. [Obs.]

Shindy

Shin"dy (?), n.; pl. Shindies (#). [Etymol. uncertain; cf. Shinney, Shinty.]

1. An uproar or disturbance; a spree; a row; a riot. [Slang] Thackeray.

2. Hockey; shinney. Bartlett.

3. A fancy or liking. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

Shine

Shine (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shone ( (archaic Shined (); p. pr. & vb. n. Shining.] [OE. shinen, schinen, AS. sc\'c6nan; akin to D. schijnen, OFries. sk\'c6na, OS. & OHG. sc\'c6nan, G. scheinen, Icel.sk\'c6na, Sw. skina, Dan. skinne, Goth. skeinan, and perh. to Gr. Sheer pure, and Shimmer.]

1. To emit rays of light; to give light; to beam with steady radiance; to exhibit brightness or splendor; as, the sun shines by day; the moon shines by night.

Hyperion's quickening fire doth shine. Shak.
God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Cghrist. 2 Cor. iv. 6.
Let thine eyes shine forth in their full luster. Denham.

2. To be bright by reflection of light; to gleam; to be glossy; as, to shine like polished silver.

3. To be effulgent in splendor or beauty. "So proud she shined in her princely state." Spenser.

Once brightest shined this child of heat and air. Pope.

4. To be eminent, conspicuous, or distinguished; to exhibit brilliant intellectual powers; as, to shine in courts; to shine in conversation.

Few are qualified to shine in company; but it in most men's power to be agreeable. Swift.
To make, ∨ cause, the face to shine upon, to be propitious to; to be gracious to. Num. vi. 25.

Shine

Shine, v. t.

1. To cause to shine, as a light. [Obs.]

He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor shine honor and virtues, upon men equally. Bacon.

2. To make bright; to cause to shine by reflected light; as, in hunting, to shine the eyes of a deer at night by throwing a light on them. [U. S.] Bartlett.

Shine

Shine, n.

1. The quality or state of shining; brightness; luster, gloss; polish; sheen.

Now sits not girt with taper's holy shine. Milton.
Fair opening to some court's propitious shine. Pope.
The distant shine of the celestial city. Hawthorne.

2. Sunshine; fair weather.

Be it fair or foul, or rain or shine. Dryden.

3. A liking for a person; a fancy. [Slang, U.S.]

4. Caper; antic; row. [Slang] To cut up shines, to play pranks. [Slang, U.S.]

Shine

Shine (?), a. [AS. sc\'c6n. See Shine, v. i.] Shining; sheen. [Obs.] Spenser.

Shiner

Shin"er (?), n. That which shines. Specifically: (a) A luminary. (b) A bright piece of money. [Slang]
Has she the shiners, d' ye think? Foote.
<-- [Colloq.] A bruised eye; a black eye. --> (c) (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small freshwater American cyprinoid fishes, belonging to Notropis, or Minnilus, and allied genera; as the redfin (Notropis megalops), and the golden shiner (Notemigonus chrysoleucus) of the Eastern United States; also loosely applied to various other silvery fishes, as the dollar fish, or horsefish, menhaden, moonfish, sailor's choice, and the sparada. (d) (Zo\'94l.) The common Lepisma, or furniture bug. Blunt-nosed shiner (Zo\'94l.), the silver moonfish.

Shiness

Shi"ness (?), n. See Shyness.

Shingle

Shin"gle (?), n. [Prob. from Norw. singl, singling, coarse gravel, small round stones.] (Geol.) Round, water-worn, and loose gravel and pebbles, or a collection of roundish stones, such as are common on the seashore and elsewhere.

Shingle

Shin"gle, n. [OE. shingle, shindle, fr. L. scindula, scandula; cf. scindere to cleave, to split, E. shed, v.t., Gr.

1. A piece of wood sawed or rived thin and small, with one end thinner than the other, -- used in covering buildings, especially roofs, the thick ends of one row overlapping the thin ends of the row below.

I reached St. Asaph, . . . where there is a very poor cathedral church covered with shingles or tiles. Ray.

2. A sign for an office or a shop; as, to hang out one's shingle. [Jocose, U. S.] Shingle oak (Bot.), a kind of oak (Quercus imbricaria) used in the Western States for making shingles.

Shingle

Shin"gle, v. t. [imp. &. p. p. Shingled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shingling (?).]

1. To cover with shingles; as, to shingle a roof.

They shingle their houses with it. Evelyn.

2. To cut, as hair, so that the ends are evenly exposed all over the head, as shingles on a roof.

Shingle

Shin"gle, v. t. To subject to the process of shindling, as a mass of iron from the pudding furnace.

Shingler

Shin"gler (?), n.

1. One who shingles.

2. A machine for shingling puddled iron.

Shingles

Shin"gles (?), n. [OF. cengle a girth, F. sangle, fr. L. cingulum a girdle, fr. cingere to gird. Cf. Cincture, Cingle, Surcingle.] (Med.) A kind of herpes (Herpes zoster) which spreads half way around the body like a girdle, and is usually attended with violent neuralgic pain.

Shingling

Shin"gling (?), n.

1. The act of covering with shingles; shingles, collectively; a covering made of shingles.

2. (Metal) The process of expelling scori\'91 and other impurities by hammering and squeezing, in the production of wrought iron. Shingling hammer, a ponderous hammer moved by machinery, used in shingling puddled iron. -- Shingling mill, a mill or forge where puddled iron is shingled.

Shingly

Shin"gly (?), a. Abounding with shingle, or gravel.

Shinhopple

Shin"hop`ple (?), n. The hobblebush.

Shining

Shin"ing (?), a.

1. Emitting light, esp. in a continuous manner; radiant; as, shining lamps; also, bright by the reflection of light; as, shining armor. "Fish . . . with their fins and shining scales." Milton.

2. Splendid; illustrious; brilliant; distinguished; conspicious; as, a shining example of charity.

3. Having the surface smooth and polished; -- said of leaves, the surfaces of shells, etc. Syn. -- Glistening; bright; radiant; resplendent; effulgent; lustrous; brilliant; glittering; splendid; illustrious. -- Shining, Brilliant, Sparking. Shining describes the steady emission of a strong light, or the steady reflection of light from a clear or polished surface. Brilliant denotes a shining of great brightness, but with gleams or flashes. Sparkling implies a fitful, intense shining from radiant points or sparks, by which the eye is dazzled. The same distinctions obtain when these epithets are figuratively applied. A man of shining talents is made conspicious by possessing them; if they flash upon the mind with a peculiarly striking effect, we call them brilliant; if his brilliancy is marked by great vivacity and occasional intensity, he is sparkling.

True paradise . . . inclosed with shining rock. Milton.
Some in a brilliant buckle bind her waist, Some round her neck a circling light display. Gay.
His sparkling blade about his head he blest. Spenser.

Shining

Shin"ing, n. Emission or reflection of light.

Shiningness

Shin"ing*ness, n. Brightness. J. Spence.

Shinney

Shin"ney (?), n. [CF. Shindy.] The game of hockey; -- so called because of the liability of the players to receive blows on the shin. Halliwell. <-- shinny. Same as shin, to climb with hands and feet -->

Shinplaster

Shin"plas`ter (?), n. Formerly, a jocose term for a bank note greatly depreciated in value; also, for paper money of a denomination less than a dollar. [U. S.]

Shinto, Shintiism

Shin"to (?), Shin"ti*ism (?), n. [Chin. shin god + tao way, doctrine.] One of the two great systems of religious belief in Japan. Its essence is ancestor worship, and sacrifice to dead heroes. [Written also Sintu, and Sintuism.]

Shintoist

Shin"to*ist (?), n. An adherent of Shintoism.

Shinty

Shin"ty (?), n. [Cf. Gael. sinteag a skip, a bound.] A Scotch game resembling hockey; also, the club used in the game. Jamieson.

Shiny

Shin"y (?), a. [Compar. Shinier (?); superl. Shiniest.] Bright; luminous; clear; unclouded.
Like distant thunder on a shiny day. Dryden.

-ship

-ship (?). [OE. -schipe, AS. -scipe; akin to OFries. -skipe, OLG. -skepi, D. -schap, OHG. -scaf, G. -schaft. Cf. Shape, n., and Landscape.] A suffix denoting state, office, dignity, profession, or art; as in lordship, friendship, chancellorship, stewardship, horsemanship.

Ship

Ship (?), n. [AS. scipe.] Pay; reward. [Obs.]
In withholding or abridging of the ship or the hire or the wages of servants. Chaucer.

Ship

Ship, n. [OE. ship, schip, AS. scip; akin to OFries. skip, OS. scip, D. schip, G. schiff, OHG. scif, Dan. skib, Sw. skeep, Icel. & Goth. skip; of unknown origin. Cf. Equip, Skiff, Skipper.]

1. Any large seagoing vessel.

Like a stately ship . . . With all her bravery on, and tackle trim, Sails filled, and streamers waving. Milton.
Thou, too, sail on, O Ship of State! Longfellow.

2. Specifically, a vessel furnished with a bowsprit and three masts (a mainmast, a foremast, and a mizzenmast), each of which is composed of a lower mast, a topmast, and a topgallant mast, and square-rigged on all masts. See Illustation in Appendix. <-- illustration: Deck plan of a ship --> l Port or Larboard Side; s Starboard Side; 1 Roundhouse or Deck House; 2 Tiller; 3 Grating; 4 Wheel; 5 Wheel Chains; 6 Binnacle; 7 Mizzenmast; 8 Skylight; 9 Capstan; 10 Mainmast; 11 Pumps; 12 Galley or Caboose; 13 Main Hatchway; 14 Windlass; 15 Foremast; 16 Fore Hatchway; 17 Bitts; 18 Bowsprit; 19 Head Rail; 20 Boomkins; 21 Catheads on Port Bow and Starboard Bow; 22 Fore Chains; 23 Main Chains; 24 Mizzen Chains; 25 Stern. <--illustration: Outline of a ship --> 1 Fore Royal Stay; 2 Flying Jib Stay; 3 Fore Topgallant Stay;4 Jib Stay; 5 Fore Topmast Stays; 6 Fore Tacks; 8 Flying Martingale; 9 Martingale Stay, shackled to Dolphin Striker; 10 Jib Guys; 11 Jumper Guys; 12 Back Ropes; 13 Robstays; 14 Flying Jib Boom; 15 Flying Jib Footropes; 16 Jib Boom; 17 Jib Foottropes; 18 Bowsprit; 19 Fore Truck; 20 Fore Royal Mast; 21 Fore Royal Lift; 22 Fore Royal Yard; 23 Fore Royal Backstays; 24 Fore Royal Braces; 25 Fore Topgallant Mast and Rigging; 26 Fore Topgallant Lift; 27 Fore Topgallant Yard; 28 Fore Topgallant Backstays; 29 Fore Topgallant Braces; 30 Fore Topmast and Rigging; 31 Fore Topsail Lift; 32 Fore Topsail Yard; 33 Fore Topsail Footropes; 34 Fore Topsail Braces; 35 Fore Yard; 36 Fore Brace; 37 Fore Lift; 38 Fore Gaff; 39 Fore Trysail Vangs; 40 Fore Topmast Studding-sail Boom; 41 Foremast and Rigging; 42 Fore Topmast Backstays; 43 Fore Sheets; 44 Main Truck and Pennant; 45 Main Royal Mast and Backstay; 46 Main Royal Stay; 47 Main Royal Lift; 48 Main Royal Yard; 49 Main Royal Braces; 50 Main Topgallant Mast and Rigging; 51 Main Topgallant Lift; 52 Main Topgallant Backstays; 53 Main Topgallant Yard; 54 Main Topgallant Stay; 55 Main Topgallant Braces; 56 Main Topmast and Rigging; 57 Topsail Lift; 58 Topsail Yard; 59 Topsail Footropes; 60 Topsail Braces; 61 Topmast Stays; 62 Main Topgallant Studding-sail Boom; 63 Main Topmast Backstay; 64 Main Yard; 65 Main Footropes; 66 Mainmast and Rigging; 67 Main Lift; 68 Main Braces; 69 Main Tacks; 70 Main Sheets; 71 Main Trysail Gaff; 72 Main Trysail Vangs; 73 Main Stays; 74 Mizzen Truck; 75 Mizzen Royal Mast and Rigging; 76 Mizzen Royal Stay; 77 Mizzen Royal Lift; 78 Mizzen Royal Yard; 79 Mizzen Royal Braces; 80 Mizzen Topgallant Mast and Rigging; 81 Mizzen Topgallant Lift; 82 Mizzen Topgallant Backstays; 83 Mizzen Topgallant Braces; 84 Mizzen Topgallant Yard; 85 Mizzen Topgallant Stay; 86 Mizzen Topmast and Rigging; 87 Mizzen Topmast Stay; 88 Mizzen Topsail Lift; 89 Mizzen Topmast Backstays; 90 Mizzen Topsail Braces; 91 Mizzen Topsail Yard; 92 Mizzen Topsail Footropes; 93 Crossjack Yard; 94 Crossjack Footropes; 95 Crossjack Lift; 96 Crossjack Braces; 97 Mizzenmast and Rigging; 98 Mizzen Stay; 99 Spanker Gaff; 100 Peak Halyards; 101 Spanker Vangs; 102 Spanker Boom; 103 Spanker Boom Topping Lift; 104 Jacob's Ladder, or Stern Ladder; 105 Spanker Sheet; 106 Cutwater; 107 Starboard Bow; 108 Starboard Beam; 109 Water Line; 110 Starboard Quarter; 111 Rudder.


Page 1330

3. A dish or utensil (originally fashioned like the hull of a ship) used to hold incense. [Obs.] Tyndale. Armed ship, a private ship taken into the service of the government in time of war, and armed and equipped like a ship of war. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- General ship. See under General. -- Ship biscuit, hard biscuit prepared for use on shipboard; -- called also ship bread. See Hardtack. -- Ship boy, a boy who serves in a ship. "Seal up the ship boy's eyes." Shak. -- Ship breaker, one who breaks up vessels when unfit for further use. -- Ship broker, a mercantile agent employed in buying and selling ships, procuring cargoes, etc., and generally in transacting the business of a ship or ships when in port. -- Ship canal, a canal suitable for the passage of seagoing vessels. -- Ship carpenter, a carpenter who works at shipbuilding; a shipwright. -- Ship chandler, one who deals in cordage, canvas, and other, furniture of vessels. -- Ship chandlery, the commodities in which a ship chandler deals; also, the business of a ship chandler. -- Ship fever (Med.), a form of typhus fever; -- called also putrid, jail, ∨ hospital fever. -- Ship joiner, a joiner who works upon ships. -- Ship letter, a letter conveyed by a ship not a mail packet. -- Ship money (Eng. Hist.), an imposition formerly charged on the ports, towns, cities, boroughs, and counties, of England, for providing and furnishing certain ships for the king's service. The attempt made by Charles I. to revive and enforce this tax was resisted by John Hampden, and was one of the causes which led to the death of Charles. It was finally abolished. -- Ship of the line. See under Line. -- Ship pendulum, a pendulum hung amidships to show the extent of the rolling and pitching of a vessel. -- Ship railway. (a) An inclined railway with a cradelike car, by means of which a ship may be drawn out of water, as for repairs. (b) A railway arranged for the transportation of vessels overland between two water courses or harbors. -- Ship's company, the crew of a ship or other vessel. -- Ship's days, the days allowed a vessel for loading or unloading. -- Ship's husband. See under Husband. -- Ship's papers (Mar. Law), papers with which a vessel is required by law to be provided, and the production of which may be required on certain occasions. Among these papers are the register, passport or sea letter, charter party, bills of lading, invoice, log book, muster roll, bill of health, etc. Bouvier. Kent. -- To make ship, to embark in a ship or other vessel.

Ship

Ship (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shipping.]

1. To put on board of a ship, or vessel of any kind, for transportation; to send by water.

The timber was . . . shipped in the bay of Attalia, from whence it was by sea transported to Pelusium. Knolles.

2. By extension, in commercial usage, to commit to any conveyance for transportation to a distance; as, to ship freight by railroad.

3. Hence, to send away; to get rid of. [Colloq.]

4. To engage or secure for service on board of a ship; as, to ship seamen.

5. To receive on board ship; as, to ship a sea.

6. To put in its place; as, to ship the tiller or rudder.

Ship

Ship, v. i.

1. To engage to serve on board of a vessel; as, to ship on a man-of-war.

2. To embark on a ship. Wyclif (Acts xxviii. 11)

Shipboard

Ship"board` (?), n. [Ship + board. See Board, n., 8] A ship's side; hence, by extension, a ship; -- found chiefly in adverbial phrases; as, on shipboard; a shipboard.

Shipbuilder

Ship"build`er (?), n. A person whose occupation is to construct ships and other vessels; a naval architect; a shipwright.

Shipbuilding

Ship"build`ing, n. Naval architecturel the art of constructing ships and other vessels.

Shipful

Ship"ful (?), n.; pl. Shipfuls (. As much or as many as a ship will hold; enough to fill a ship.

Shipholder

Ship"hold`er (?), n. A shipowner.

Shipless

Ship"less, a. Destitute of ships. Gray.

Shiplet

Ship"let (?), n. A little ship. [R.] Holinshed.

Shipload

Ship"load` (?), n. The load, or cargo, of a ship.

Shipman

Ship"man (?), n.; pl. Shipmen (. A seaman, or sailor. [Obs. or Poetic] Chaucer. R. Browning.
About midnight the shipmen deemed that they drew near to some country. Acts xxvii. 27.
Shipman's card, the mariner's compass. [Obs.] Shak.

Shipmaster

Ship"mas`ter (?), n. The captain, master, or commander of a ship. Jonah i. 6.

Shipmate

Ship"mate` (?), n. One who serves on board of the same ship with another; a fellow sailor.

Shipment

Ship"ment (?), n.

1. The act or process of shipping; as, he was engaged in the shipment of coal for London; an active shipment of wheat from the West.

2. That which is shipped.

The question is, whether the share of M. in the shipment is exempted from condemnation by reason of his neutral domicle. Story.

Shipowner

Ship"own`er (?), n. Owner of a ship or ships.

Shippen

Ship"pen (?), n. [AS. scypen. Cf. Shop, Shepen.] A stable; a cowhouse. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

Shipper

Ship"per (?), n. [See Ship, n., and cf. Skipper.] One who sends goods from one place to another not in the same city or town, esp. one who sends goods by water.

Shipping

Ship"ping (?), a.

1. Relating to ships, their ownership, transfer, or employment; as, shiping concerns.

2. Relating to, or concerned in, the forwarding of goods; as, a shipping clerk.

Shipping

Ship"ping, n.

1. The act of one who, or of that which, ships; as, the shipping of flour to Liverpool.

2. The collective body of ships in one place, or belonging to one port, country, etc.; vessels, generally; tonnage.

3. Navigation. "God send 'em good shipping." Shak. Shipping articles, articles of agreement between the captain of a vessel and the seamen on board, in respect to the amount of wages, length of time for which they are shipping, etc. Bouvier. -- To take shipping, to embark; to take ship. [Obs.] John vi.24. Shak.

Shippon

Ship"pon (?), n. A cowhouse; a shippen. [Prov. Eng.]
Bessy would either do fieldwork, or attend to the cows, the shippon, or churn, or make cheese. Dickens.

Ship-rigged

Ship"-rigged` (?), a. (Naut.) Rigged like a ship, that is, having three masts, each with square sails.

Shipshape

Ship"shape` (?), a. Arranged in a manner befitting a ship; hence, trim; tidy; orderly.
Even then she expressed her scorn for the lubbery executioner's mode of tying a knot, and did it herself in a shipshape orthodox manner. De Quincey.
Keep everything shipshape, for I must go Tennyson.

Shipshape

Ship"shape` (?), adv. In a shipshape or seamanlike manner.

Shipworm

Ship"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any long, slender, worm-shaped bivalve mollusk of Teredo and allied genera. The shipworms burrow in wood, and are destructive to wooden ships, piles of wharves, etc. See Teredo.

Shipwreck

Ship"wreck` (?), n.

1. The breaking in pieces, or shattering, of a ship or other vessel by being cast ashore or driven against rocks, shoals, etc., by the violence of the winds and waves.

2. A ship wrecked or destroyed upon the water, or the parts of such a ship; wreckage. Dryden.

3. Fig.: Destruction; ruin; irretrievable loss.

Holding faith and a good conscience, which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwreck. 1 Tim. 1. 19.
It was upon an Indian bill that the late ministry had made shipwreck. J. Morley.

Shipwreck

Ship"wreck`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shipwrecked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shipwrecking.]

1. To destroy, as a ship at sea, by running ashore or on rocks or sandbanks, or by the force of wind and waves in a tempest.

Shipwrecking storms and direful thunders break. Shak.

2. To cause to experience shipwreck, as sailors or passengers. Hence, to cause to suffer some disaster or loss; to destroy or ruin, as if by shipwreck; to wreck; as, to shipwreck a business. Addison.

Shipwright

Ship"wright` (?), n. One whose occupation is to construct ships; a builder of ships or other vessels.

Shipyard

Ship"yard` (?), n. A yard, place, or inclosure where ships are built or repaired.

Shiraz

Shi*raz" (?), n. A kind of Persian wine; -- so called from the place whence it is brought.

Shire

Shire (?), n. [AS. sc\'c6re, sc\'c6r, a division, province, county. Cf. Sheriff.]

1. A portion of Great Britain originally under the supervision of an earl; a territorial division, usually identical with a county, but sometimes limited to a smaller district; as, Wiltshire, Yorkshire, Richmondshire, Hallamshire.

An indefinite number of these hundreds make up a county or shire. Blackstone.

2. A division of a State, embracing several contiguous townships; a county. [U. S.] &hand; Shire is commonly added to the specific designation of a county as a part of its name; as, Yorkshire instead of York shire, or the shire of York; Berkshire instead of Berks shire. Such expressions as the county of Yorkshire, which in a strict sense are tautological, are used in England. In the United States the composite word is sometimes the only name of a county; as, Berkshire county, as it is called in Massachusetts, instead of Berks county, as in Pensylvania.

The Tyne, Tees, Humber, Wash, Yare, Stour, and Thames separate the counties of Northumberland, Durham, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, etc. Encyc. Brit.
Knight of the shire. See under Knight. -- Shire clerk, an officer of a county court; also, an under sheriff. [Eng.] -- Shire mote (Old. Eng. Law), the county court; sheriff's turn, or court. [Obs.] Cowell. Blackstone. -- Shire reeve (Old Eng. Law), the reeve, or bailiff, of a shire; a sheriff. Burrill. -- Shire town, the capital town of a county; a county town. -- Shire wick, a county; a shire. [Obs.] Holland.

Shirk

Shirk (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shirked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shirking.] [Probably the same word as shark. See Shark, v. t.]

1. To procure by petty fraud and trickery; to obtain by mean solicitation.

You that never heard the call of any vocation, . . . that shirk living from others, but time from Yourselves. Bp. Rainbow.

2. To avoid; to escape; to neglect; -- implying unfaithfulness or fraud; as, to shirk duty.

The usual makeshift by which they try to shirk difficulties. Hare.

Shirk

Shirk, v. i.

1. To live by shifts and fraud; to shark.

2. To evade an obligation; to avoid the performance of duty, as by running away.

One of the cities shirked from the league. Byron.

Shirk

Shirk, n. One who lives by shifts and tricks; one who avoids the performance of duty or labor.

Shirker

Shirk"er (?), n. One who shirks. Macaulay.

Shirky

Shirk"y (?), a. Disposed to shirk. [Colloq.]

Shirl

Shirl (?), a. Shrill. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Shirl

Shirl, n. (Min.) See Schorl.

Shirley

Shir"ley (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The bullfinch.

Shirr

Shirr (?), n. (Sewing) A series of close parallel runnings which are drawn up so as to make the material between them set full by gatherings; -- called also shirring, and gauging.

Shirred

Shirred (?), a.

1. (Sewing) Made or gathered into a shirr; as, a shirred bonnet.

2. (Cookery) Broken into an earthen dish and baked over the fire; -- said of eggs.

Shirt

Shirt (?), n. [OE. schirte, sherte, schurte; akin to Icel. skyrta, Dan. skiorte, Sw. skjorta, Dan. ski\'94rt a petticoat, D. schort a petticoat, an argon, G. schurz, sch\'81rze, an argon; all probably from the root of E. short, as being originally a short garment. See Short, and cf. Skirt.] A loose under-garment for the upper part of the body, made of cotton, linen, or other material; -- formerly used of the under-garment of either sex, now commonly restricted to that worn by men and boys.
Several persons in December had nothing over their shoulders but their shirts. Addison.
She had her shirts and girdles of hair. Bp. Fisher.

Shirt

Shirt, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Shirted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shirting.] To cover or clothe with a shirt, or as with a shirt. Dryden.

Shirting

Shirt"ing, n. Cloth, specifically cotton cloth, suitable for making shirts.

Shirtless

Shirt"less, a. Not having or wearing a shirt. Pope. -- Shirt"less*ness, n.

Shist, Shistose

Shist (?), Shis*tose" (?). See Shist, Schistose.

Shittah, Shittah tree

Shit"tah (?), Shit"tah tree`, n. [Heb. shitt\'beh, pl. shitt\'c6m.] A tree that furnished the precious wood of which the ark, tables, altars, boards, etc., of the Jewish tabernacle were made; -- now believed to have been the wood of the Acacia Seyal, which is hard, fine grained, and yellowish brown in color.

Shittim, Shittim wood

Shit"tim (?), Shit"tim wood`, n. The wood of the shittah tree.

Shittle

Shit"tle (?), n. [See Shuttle.] A shuttle. [Obs.] Chapman.

Shittle

Shit"tle, a. Wavering; unsettled; inconstant. [Obs.] Holland.

Shittlecock

Shit"tle*cock` (?), n. A shuttlecock. [Obs.]

Shittleness

Shit"tle*ness, n. Instability; inconstancy. [Obs.]
The vain shittlenesse of an unconstant head. Baret.

Shive

Shive (?), n. [See Sheave, n.]

1. A slice; as, a shive of bread. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Shak.

2. A thin piece or fragment; specifically, one of the scales or pieces of the woody part of flax removed by the operation of breaking.

3. A thin, flat cork used for stopping a wide-mouthed bottle; also, a thin wooden bung for casks.

Shiver

Shiv"er (?), n. [OE. schivere, fr. shive; cf. G. schifer a splinter, slate, OHG. scivere a splinter, Dan. & Sw. skifer a slate. See Shive, and cf. Skever.]

1. One of the small pieces, or splinters, into which a brittle thing is broken by sudden violence; -- generally used in the plural. "All to shivers dashed." Milton.

2. A thin slice; a shive. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "A shiver of their own loaf." Fuller.

Of your soft bread, not but a shiver. Chaucer.

3. (Geol.) A variety of blue slate.

4. (Naut.) A sheave or small wheel in a pulley.

5. A small wedge, as for fastening the bolt of a window shutter.

6. A spindle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Shiver

Shiv"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shivered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shivering.] [OE. schiveren, scheveren; cf. OD. scheveren. See Shiver a fragment.] To break into many small pieces, or splinters; to shatter; to dash to pieces by a blow; as, to shiver a glass goblet.
All the ground With shivered armor strown. Milton.

Shiver

Shiv"er, v. i. To separate suddenly into many small pieces or parts; to be shattered.
There shiver shafts upon shields thick. Chaucer
The natural world, should gravity once cease, . . . would instantly shiver into millions of atoms. Woodward.

Shiver

Shiv"er, v. i. [OE. chiveren, cheveren; of uncertain origin. This word seems to have been confused with shiver to shatter.] To tremble; to vibrate; to quiver; to shake, as from cold or fear.
Prometheus is laid On icy Caucasus to shiver. Swift.
The man that shivered on the brink of sin, Thus steeled and hardened, ventures boldly in. Creech.

Shiver

Shiv"er, v. t. (Naut.) To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the wind.

Shiver

Shiv"er, n. The act of shivering or trembling.

Shiveringly

Shiv"er*ing*ly, adv. In a shivering manner.

Shiver-spar

Shiv"er-spar` (?), n. [Cf. G. schiefer-spath.] (Min.) A variety of calcite, so called from its slaty structure; -- called also slate spar.

Shivery

Shiv"er*y (?), a.

1. Tremulous; shivering. Mallet.

2. Easily broken; brittle; shattery.

Shoad

Shoad (?), n. [Cf. G. schutt rubbish.] (Mining) A train of vein material mixed with rubbish; fragments of ore which have become separated by the action of water or the weather, and serve to direct in the discovery of mines. [Written also shode.]

Shoading

Shoad"ing, n. (Mining) The tracing of veins of metal by shoads. [Written also shoding.] Pryce.

Shoal

Shoal (?), n. [AS. scolu, sceolu, a company, multitude, crowd, akin to OS. skola; probably originally, a division, and akin to Icel. skilja to part, divide. See Skill, and cf. School. of fishes.] A great multitude assembled; a crowd; a throng; -- said especially of fish; as, a shoal of bass. "Great shoals of people." Bacon.
Beneath, a shoal of silver fishes glides. Waller.

Shoal

Shoal, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shoaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shoaling.] To assemble in a multitude; to throng; as, the fishes shoaled about the place. Chapman.

Shoal

Shoal, a. [Cf. Shallow; or cf. G. scholle a clod, glebe, OHG. scollo, scolla, prob. akin to E. shoal a multitude.] Having little depth; shallow; as, shoal water.

Shoal

Shoal, n.

1. A place where the water of a sea, lake, river, pond, etc., is shallow; a shallow.

The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the sides some shoals for the fish to lay their span. Mortimer.
Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory, And sounded all the depths and shoals of honor. Shak.

2. A sandbank or bar which makes the water shoal.

The god himself with ready trident stands, And opes the deep, and spreads the moving sands, Then heaves them off the shoals. Dryden.

Shoal

Shoal, v. i. To become shallow; as, the color of the water shows where it shoals.

Shoal

Shoal, v. t. To cause to become more shallow; to come to a more shallow part of; as, a ship shoals her water by advancing into that which is less deep. Marryat.

Shoaliness

Shoal"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shoaly; little depth of water; shallowness.

Shoaling

Shoal"ing, a. Becoming shallow gradually. "A shoaling estuary." Lyell.

Shoaly

Shoal"y (?), a. Full of shoals, or shallow places.
The tossing vessel sailed on shoaly ground. Dryden.

Shoar

Shoar (sh&omac;r), n. A prop. See 3d Shore.

Shoat

Shoat (sh&omac;t), n. A young hog. Same as Shote.
Page 1331

Shock

Shock (?), n. [OE. schokke; cf. OD schocke, G. schock a heap, quantity, threescore, MHG. schoc, Sw. skok, and also G. hocke a heap of hay, Lith. kugis.]

1. A pile or assemblage of sheaves of grain, as wheat, rye, or the like, set up in a field, the sheaves varying in number from twelve to sixteen; a stook.

And cause it on shocks to be by and by set. Tusser.
Behind the master walks, builds up the shocks. Thomson.

2. [G. schock.] (Com.) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; -- a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.

Shock

Shock, v. t. To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook; as, to shock rye.

Shock

Shock, v. i. To be occupied with making shocks.
Reap well, scatter not, gather clean that is shorn, Bind fast, shock apace. Tusser.

Shock

Shock, n. [Cf. D. schok a bounce, jolt, or leap, OHG. scoc a swing, MHG. schoc, Icel. skykkjun tremuously, F. choc a shock, collision, a dashing or striking against, Sp. choque, It. ciocco a log. &root;161. Cf. Shock to shake.]

1. A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision, or violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a sudden violent impulse or onset.

These strong, unshaken mounds resist the shocks Of tides and seas tempestuous. Blackmore.
He stood the shock of a whole host of foes. Addison.

2. A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings; a sensation of pleasure or pain caused by something unexpected or overpowering; also, a sudden agitating or overpowering event. "A shock of pleasure." Talfourd.

3. (Med.) A sudden depression of the vital forces of the entire body, or of a port of it, marking some profound impression produced upon the nervous system, as by severe injury, overpowering emotion, or the like.

4. (Elec.) The sudden convulsion or contraction of the muscles, with the feeling of a concussion, caused by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity from a charged body. Syn. -- Concussion, Shock. Both words signify a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or colision; but concussion is restricted in use to matter, while shock is used also of mental states.

Shock

Shock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shocked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shocking.] [OE. schokken; cf. D. schokken, F. choquer, Sp. chocar. &root;161. Cf. Chuck to strike, Jog, Shake, Shock a striking, Shog, n. & v.]

1. To give a shock to; to cause to shake or waver; hence, to strike against suddenly; to encounter with violence.

Come the three corners of the world in arms, And we shall shock them. Shak.
A shall never forget the force with which he shocked De Vipont. Sir W. Scott.

2. To strike with surprise, terror, horror, or disgust; to cause to recoil; as, his violence shocked his associates.

Advise him not to shock a father's will. Dryden.

Shock

Shock, v. i. To meet with a shock; to meet in violent encounter. "They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together." De Quincey.

Shock

Shock, n. [Cf. Shag.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A dog with long hair or shag; -- called also shockdog.

2. A thick mass of bushy hair; as, a head covered with a shock of sandy hair.

Shock

Shock, a. Bushy; shaggy; as, a shock hair.
His red shock peruke . . . was laid aside. Sir W. Scott.

Shockdog

Shock"dog` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See 7th Shock, 1.

Shock-head

Shock"-head` (?), a. Shock-headed. Tennyson.

Shock-headed

Shock"-head`ed, a. Having a thick and bushy head of hair.

Shocking

Shock"ing, a. Causing to shake or tremble, as by a blow; especially, causing to recoil with horror or disgust; extremely offensive or disgusting.
The grossest and most shocking villainies. Secker.
-- Shock"ing*ly, adv. -- Shock"ing*ness, n. <-- Shock troops, a highly trained or seasoned group within an army used to spearhead a strong offensive action. -->

Shod

Shod (?), imp. & p. p. f Shoe.

Shoddy

Shod"dy (?), n. [Perhaps fr. Shed, v. t.; as meaning originally, waste stuff shedor thrown off.]

1. A fibrous material obtained by "deviling," or tearing into fibers, refuse woolen goods, old stockings, rags, druggets, etc. See Mungo.

2. A fabric of inferior quality made of, or containing a large amount of, shoddy. &hand; The great quantity of shoddy goods furnished as army supplies in the late Civil War in the United States gave wide currency to the word, and it came to be applied to persons who pretend to a higher position in society than that to which their breeding or worth entitles them.

Shoddy

Shod"dy, a. Made wholly or in part of shoddy; containing shoddy; as, shoddy cloth; shoddy blankets; hence, colloquially, not genuine; sham; pretentious; as, shoddy aristocracy.
Shoddy inventions designed to bolster up a factitious pride. Compton Reade.

Shoddyism

Shod"dy*ism (?), n. The quality or state of being shoddy. [Colloq.] See the Note under Shoddy, n.

Shode

Shode (?), n. [AS. sc\'bede, fr. sce\'a0dan. See Shed, v. t.]

1. The parting of the hair on the head. [Obs.]

Full straight and even lay his jolly shode. Chaucer.

2. The top of the head; the head. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Shode, Shoding

Shode, Shod"ing. See Shoad, Shoading.

Shoder

Sho"der (?), n. A package of gold beater's skins in which gold is subjected to the second process of beating.

Shoe

Shoe (?), n.; pl. Shoes (#), formerly Shoon (#), now provincial. [OE. sho, scho, AS. sc, sce\'a2h; akin to OFries. sk, OS. sk, D. schoe, schoen, G. schuh, OHG. scuoh, Icel. sk, Dan. & Sw. sko, Goth. sk; of unknown origin.]

1. A covering for the human foot, usually made of leather, having a thick and somewhat stiff sole and a lighter top. It differs from a boot on not extending so far up the leg.

Your hose should be ungartered, . . . yourshoe untied. Shak.
Spare none but such as go in clouted shoon. Shak.

2. Anything resembling a shoe in form, position, or use. Specifically: (a) A plate or rim of iron nailed to the hoof of an animal to defend it from injury. (b) A band of iron or steel, or a ship of wood, fastened to the bottom of the runner of a sleigh, or any vehicle which slides on the snow. (c) A drag, or sliding piece of wood or iron, placed under the wheel of a loaded vehicle, to retard its motion in going down a hill. (d) The part of a railroad car brake which presses upon the wheel to retard its motion. (e) (Arch.) A trough-shaped or spout-shaped member, put at the bottom of the water leader coming from the eaves gutter, so as to throw the water off from the building. (f) (Milling.) The trough or spout for conveying the grain from the hopper to the eye of the millstone. (g) An inclined trough in an ore-crushing mill. (h) An iron socket or plate to take the thrust of a strut or rafter. (i) An iron socket to protect the point of a wooden pile. (j) (Mach.) A plate, or notched piece, interposed between a moving part and the stationary part on which it bears, to take the wear and afford means of adjustment; -- called also slipper, and gib. &hand; Shoe is often used adjectively, or in composition; as, shoe buckle, or shoe-buckle; shoe latchet, or shoe-latchet; shoe leathet, or shoe-leather; shoe string, shoe-string, or shoestring. Shoe of an anchor. (Naut.) (a) A small block of wood, convex on the back, with a hole to receive the point of the anchor fluke, -- used to prevent the anchor from tearing the planks of the vessel when raised or lowered. (b) A broad, triangular piece of plank placed upon the fluke to give it a better hold in soft ground. -- Shoe block (Naut.), a block with two sheaves, one above the other, and at right angles to each other. -- Shoe bolt, a bolt with a flaring head, for fastening shoes on sleigh runners. -- Shoe pac, a kind of moccasin. See Pac. -- Shoe stone, a sharpening stone used by shoemakers and other workers in leather. <-- brake shoe. the movable portion of a drum brake on a vehicle which is pressed against the rotating drum to slow or stop the vehicle by the friction of the brakeshoe against the drum. -->

Shoe

Shoe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shod; p. pr. & vb. n. Shoeing.] [AS. sc, sce. See Shoe, n.]

1. To furnish with a shoe or shoes; to put a shoe or shoes on; as, to shoe a horse, a sled, an anchor.

2. To protect or ornament with something which serves the purpose of a shoe; to tip.

The sharp and small end of the billiard stick, which is shod with brass or silver. Evelyn.

Shoebill

Shoe"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large African wading bird (Bal\'91niceps rex) allied to the storks and herons, and remarkable for its enormous broad swollen bill. It inhabits the valley of the White Nile. See Illust. (l.) of Beak.

Shoeblack

Shoe"black` (?), n. One who polishes shoes.<-- = bootblack -->

Shoehorn, Shoeing-horn

Shoe"horn`, Shoe"ing-horn` (?), n.

1. A curved piece of polished horn, wood, or metal used to facilitate the entrance of the foot into a shoe.

2. Figuratively: (a) Anything by which a transaction is facilitated; a medium; -- by way of contempt. Spectator. (b) Anything which draws on or allures; an inducement. [Low] Beau & Fl. <-- verb shoehorn = squeeze into a tight-fitting place, as with a shoehorn. Also fig. -->

Shoeless

Shoe"less, a. Destitute of shoes. Addison.

Shoemaker

Shoe"mak`er (?), n.

1. One whose occupation it is to make shoes and boots.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The threadfish. (b) The runner, 12.

Shoemaking

Shoe"mak`ing, n. The business of a shoemaker.

Shoer

Sho"er (?), n. One who fits shoes to the feet; one who furnishes or puts on shoes; as, a shoer of horses.

Shog

Shog (?), n. [See Shock a striking.] A shock; a jog; a violent concussion or impulse. [R. or Scot.]

Shog

Shog, v. t. To shake; to shock. [R. or Scot.]

Shog

Shog, v. i. [Cf. W. ysgogi to wag, to stir. Cf. Jog.] To jog; to move on. [R. or Scot.] Beau & Fl.

Shoggle

Shog"gle (?), v. t. [See Shog, Joggle.] To joggle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Pegge.

Shogun

Sho"gun (?), n. [Chin. tsiang ki\'9an commander in chief.] A title originally conferred by the Mikado on the military governor of the eastern provinces of Japan. By gradual usurpation of power the Shoguns (known to foreigners as Tycoons) became finally the virtual rulers of Japan. The title was abolished in 1867. [Written variously, Shiogun, Shiogoon, etc.] <-- Jap. Shogun = military general -->

Shogunate

Sho*gun"ate (?), n. The office or dignity of a Shogun. [Written also Siogoonate.]

Shola

Sho"la (?), n. (Bot.) See Sola.

Shole

Shole (?), n. A plank fixed beneath an object, as beneath the rudder of a vessel, to protect it from injury; a plank on the ground under the end of a shore or the like.

Shole

Shole, n. See Shoal. [Obs.]

Shonde

Shonde (?), n. [AS. sceond. Cf. Shend.] Harm; disgrace; shame. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Shone

Shone (?), imp. & p. p. of Shine.

Shoo

Shoo (?), interj. [Cf. G. scheuchen to scare, drive away.] Begone; away; -- an expression used in frightening away animals, especially fowls.

Shooi

Sho"oi, n. (Zo\'94l.) The Richardson's skua (Stercorarius parasiticus);- so called from its cry. [Prov. Eng.]

Shook

Shook (?), imp. & obs. or poet. p. p. of Shake.

Shook

Shook, n. [Cf. Shock a bundle of sheaves.] (Com.) (a) A set of staves and headings sufficient in number for one hogshead, cask, barrel, or the like, trimmed, and bound together in compact form. (b) A set of boards for a sugar box. (c) The parts of a piece of house furniture, as a bedstead, packed together.

Shook

Shook, v. t. To pack, as staves, in a shook.

Shoon

Shoon (?), n., pl. of Shoe. [Archaic] Chaucer.
They shook the snow from hats and shoon. Emerson.

Shoop

Shoop (?), obs. imp. of Shape. Shaped. Chaucer.

Shoot

Shoot (?), n. [F. chute. See Chute. Confused with shoot to let fly.] An inclined plane, either artificial or natural, down which timber, coal, etc., are caused to slide; also, a narrow passage, either natural or artificial, in a stream, where the water rushes rapidly; esp., a channel, having a swift current, connecting the ends of a bend in the stream, so as to shorten the course. [Written also chute, and shute.] [U. S.] To take a shoot, to pass through a shoot instead of the main channel; to take the most direct course. [U.S.]

Shoot

Shoot (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shot (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shooting. The old participle Shotten is obsolete. See Shotten.] [OE. shotien, schotien, AS. scotian, v. i., sce\'a2tan; akin to D. schieten, G. schie, OHG. sciozan, Icel. skj, Sw. skjuta, Dan. skyde; cf. Skr. skund to jump. &root;159. Cf. Scot a contribution, Scout to reject, Scud, Scuttle, v. i., Shot, Sheet, Shut, Shuttle, Skittish, Skittles.]

1. To let fly, or cause to be driven, with force, as an arrow or a bullet; -- followed by a word denoting the missile, as an object.

If you please To shoot an arrow that self way. Shak.

2. To discharge, causing a missile to be driven forth; -- followed by a word denoting the weapon or instrument, as an object; -- often with off; as, to shoot a gun.

The two ends od a bow, shot off, fly from one another. Boyle.

3. To strike with anything shot; to hit with a missile; often, to kill or wound with a firearm; -- followed by a word denoting the person or thing hit, as an object.

When Roger shot the hawk hovering over his master's dove house. A. Tucker.

4. To send out or forth, especially with a rapid or sudden motion; to cast with the hand; to hurl; to discharge; to emit.

An honest weaver as ever shot shuttle. Beau & Fl.
A pit into which the dead carts had nightly shot corpses by scores. Macaulay.

5. To push or thrust forward; to project; to protrude; -- often with out; as, a plant shoots out a bud.

They shoot out the lip, they shake the head. Ps. xxii. 7.
Beware the secret snake that shoots a sting. Dryden.

6. (Carp.) To plane straight; to fit by planing.

Two pieces of wood that are shot, that is, planed or else pared with a paring chisel. Moxon.

7. To pass rapidly through, over, or under; as, to shoot a rapid or a bridge; to shoot a sand bar.

She . . . shoots the Stygian sound. Dryden.

8. To variegate as if by sprinkling or intermingling; to color in spots or patches.

The tangled water courses slept, Shot over with purple, and green, and yellow. Tennyson.
To be shot of, to be discharged, cleared, or rid of. [Colloq.] "Are you not glad to be shot of him?" Sir W. Scott.

Shoot

Shoot, v. i.

1. To cause an engine or weapon to discharge a missile; -- said of a person or an agent; as, they shot at a target; he shoots better than he rides.

The archers have . . . shot at him. Gen. xlix. 23.

2. To discharge a missile; -- said of an engine or instrument; as, the gun shoots well.

3. To be shot or propelled forcibly; -- said of a missile; to be emitted or driven; to move or extend swiftly, as if propelled; as, a shooting star.

There shot a streaming lamp along the sky. Dryden.

4. To penetrate, as a missile; to dart with a piercing sensation; as, shooting pains.

Thy words shoot through my heart. Addison.

5. To feel a quick, darting pain; to throb in pain.

These preachers make His head to shoot and ache. Herbert.

6. To germinate; to bud; to sprout.

Onions, as they hang, will shoot forth. Bacon.
But the wild olive shoots, and shades the ungrateful plain. Dryden.

7. To grow; to advance; as, to shoot up rapidly.

Well shot in years he seemed. Spenser.
Delightful task! to rear the tender thought, To teach the young idea how to shoot. Thomson.

8. To change form suddenly; especially, to solidify.

If the menstruum be overcharged, metals will shoot into crystals. Bacon.

9. To protrude; to jut; to project; to extend; as, the land shoots into a promontory.

There shot up against the dark sky, tall, gaunt, straggling houses. Dickens.

10. (Naut.) To move ahead by force of momentum, as a sailing vessel when the helm is put hard alee. To shoot ahead, to pass or move quickly forward; to outstrip others.

Shoot

Shoot, n.

1. The act of shooting; the discharge of a missile; a shot; as, the shoot of a shuttle.

The Turkish bow giveth a very forcible shoot. Bacon.
One underneath his horse to get a shoot doth stalk. Drayton.

2. A young branch or growth.

Superfluous branches and shoots of this second spring. Evelyn.

3. A rush of water; a rapid.

4. (Min.) A vein of ore running in the same general direction as the lode. Knight.

5. (Weaving) A weft thread shot through the shed by the shuttle; a pick.

6. [Perh. a different word.] A shoat; a young hog.

Shooter

Shoot"er (?), n.

1. One who shoots, as an archer or a gunner.

2. That which shoots. Specifically: (a) A firearm; as, a five-shooter. [Colloq. U.S.] (b) A shooting star. [R.]

Shooting

Shoot"ing, n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, shoots; as, the shooting of an archery club; the shooting of rays of light.

2. A wounding or killing with a firearm; specifically (Sporting), the killing of game; as, a week of shooting.

3. A sensation of darting pain; as, a shooting in one's head.

Shooting

Shoot"ing, a. Of or pertaining to shooting; for shooting; darting. Shooting board (Joinery), a fixture used in planing or shooting the edge of a board, by means of which the plane is guided and the board held true. -- Shooting box, a small house in the country for use in the shooting season. Prof. Wilson. -- Shooting gallery, a range, usually covered, with targets for practice with firearms.<-- [Slang] a place, often a building or neighborhood, where addicts "shoot up" drugs. --> -- Shooting iron, a firearm. [Slang, U.S.] -- Shooting star. (a) (Astron.) A starlike, luminous meteor, that, appearing suddenly, darts quickly across some portion of the sky, and then as suddenly disappears, leaving sometimes, for a few seconds, a luminous train, -- called also falling star. Shooting stars are small cosmical bodies which encounter the earth in its annual revolution, and which become visible by coming with planetary velocity into the upper regions of the atmosphere. At certain periods, as on the 13th of November and 10th of August, they appear for a few hours in great numbers, apparently diverging from some point in the heavens, such displays being known as meteoric showers, or star showers. These bodies, before encountering the earth, were moving in orbits closely allied to the orbits of comets. See Leonids, Perseids. (b) (Bot.) The American cowslip (Dodecatheon Meadia). See under Cowslip. -- Shooting stick (Print.), a tapering piece of wood or iron, used by printers to drive up the quoins in the chase. Hansard.
Page 1332

Shooty

Shoot"y (?), a. Sprouting or coming up freely and regularly. [Prev. Eng.] Grose.

Shop

Shop (?), obs. imp. of Shape. Shaped. Chaucer.

Shop

Shop, n. [OE. shoppe, schoppe, AS. sceoppa a treasury, a storehouse, stall, booth; akin to scypen a shed, LG. schup a shed, G. schoppen, schuppen, a shed, a coachhouse, OHG. scopf.]

1. A building or an apartment in which goods, wares, drugs, etc., are sold by retail.

From shop to shop Wandering, and littering with unfolded silks The polished counter. Cowper.

2. A building in which mechanics or artisans work; as, a shoe shop; a car shop.

A tailor called me in his shop. Shak.
&hand; Shop is often used adjectively or in composition; as, shop rent, or shop-rent; shop thief, or shop-thief; shop window, or shop-window, etc. To smell of the shop, to indicate too distinctively one's occupation or profession. -- To talk shop, to make one's business the topic of social conversation; also, to use the phrases peculiar to one's employment. [Colloq.] Syn. -- Store; warehouse. See Store.

Shop

Shop, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shopping.] To visit shops for the purpose of purchasing goods.
He was engaged with his mother and some ladies to go shopping. Byron.

Shopboard

Shop"board` (?), n. A bench or board on which work is performed; a workbench. South.

Shopbook

Shop"book` (?), n. A book in which a tradesman keeps his accounts. Locke.

Shopboy

Shop"boy` (?), n. A boy employed in a shop.

Shopen

Sho"pen (?), obs. p. p. of Shape. Chaucer.

Shopgirl

Shop"girl` (?), n. A girl employed in a shop.

Shopkeeper

Shop"keep`er (?), n. A trader who sells goods in a shop, or by retail; -- in distinction from one who sells by wholesale. Addison.

Shoplifter

Shop"lift`er (?), n. [Shop + lift. See Lift to steal.] One who steals anything in a shop, or takes goods privately from a shop; one who, under pretense of buying goods, takes occasion to steal.

Shoplifting

Shop"lift`ing, n. Larceny committed in a shop; the stealing of anything from a shop.

Shoplike

Shop"like`, a. Suiting a shop; vulgar. B. Jonson.

Shopmaid

Shop"maid` (?), n. A shopgirl.

Shopman

Shop"man (?), n.; pl. Shopmen (.

1. A shopkeeper; a retailer. Dryden.

2. One who serves in a shop; a salesman.

3. One who works in a shop or a factory.

Shopper

Shop"per (?), n. One who shops.

Shoppish

Shop"pish (?), a. Having the appearance or qualities of a shopkeeper, or shopman.

Shoppy

Shop"py (?), a.

1. Abounding with shops. [Colloq.]

2. Of or pertaining to shops, or one's own shop or business; as, shoppy talk. [Colloq.] Mrs. Gaskell.

Shopshift

Shop"shift` (?), n. The trick of a shopkeeper; deception. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Shopwalker

Shop"walk`er (?), n. One who walks about in a shop as an overseer and director. Cf. Floorwalker.

Shopwoman

Shop"wom`an (?), n.; pl. Shopwomen (. A woman employed in a shop.

Shopworn

Shop"worn` (?), a. Somewhat worn or damaged by having been kept for a time in a shop.

Shorage

Shor"age (?), n. Duty paid for goods brought on shore. Grabb.

Shore

Shore (?), imp. of Shear. Chaucer.

Shore

Shore, n. A sewer. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Shore

Shore, n. [OE. schore; akin to LG. schore, D. schoor, OD. schoore, Icel. skor, and perhaps to E. shear, as being a piece cut off.] A prop, as a timber, placed as a brace or support against the side of a building or other structure; a prop placed beneath anything, as a beam, to prevent it from sinking or sagging. [Written also shoar.]

Shore

Shore, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shoring.] [OE. schoren. See Shore a prop.] To support by a shore or shores; to prop; -- usually with up; as, to shore up a building.

Shore

Shore, n. [OE. schore, AS. score, probably fr. scieran, and so meaning properly, that which is shorn off, edge; akin to OD. schoore, schoor. See Shear, v. t.] The coast or land adjacent to a large body of water, as an ocean, lake, or large river.
Michael Cassio, Lieutenant to the warlike Moor Othello, Is come shore. Shak.
The fruitful shore of muddy Nile. Spenser.
In shore, near the shore. Marryat. -- On shore. See under On. -- Shore birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for the various limicoline birds found on the seashore. -- Shore crab (Zo\'94l.), any crab found on the beaches, or between tides, especially any one of various species of grapsoid crabs, as Heterograpsus nudus of California. -- Shore lark (Zo\'94l.), a small American lark (Otocoris alpestris) found in winter, both on the seacoast and on the Western plains. Its upper parts are varied with dark brown and light brown. It has a yellow throat, yellow local streaks, a black crescent on its breast, a black streak below each eye, and two small black erectile ear tufts. Called also horned lark. -- Shore plover (Zo\'94l.), a large-billed Australian plover (Esacus magnirostris). It lives on the seashore, and feeds on crustaceans, etc. -- Shore teetan (Zo\'94l.), the rock pipit (Anthus obscurus). [Prov. Eng.]

Shore

Shore (?), v. t. To set on shore. [Obs.] Shak.

Shoreless

Shore"less, a. Having no shore or coast; of indefinite or unlimited extent; as, a shoreless ocean. Young.

Shoreling

Shore"ling (?), n. See Shorling.

Shorer

Shor"er (?), n. One who, or that which, shores or props; a prop; a shore.

Shoreward

Shore"ward (?), adv. Toward the shore.

Shoring

Shor"ing, n.

1. The act of supporting or strengthening with a prop or shore.

2. A system of props; props, collectively.

Shorl, n., Shorlaceous

Shorl (?), n., Shor*la"ceous (,a. (Min.) See Schorl, Schorlaceous.

Shorling

Shor"ling (?), n.

1. The skin of a sheen after the fleece is shorn off, as distinct from the morling, or skin taken from the dead sheep; also, a sheep of the first year's shearing. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A person who is shorn; a shaveling; hence, in contempt, a priest. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Shorn

Shorn (, p. p. of Shear.

Short

Short (?), a. [Compar. Shorter (?); superl. Shortest.] [OE. short, schort, AS. scort, sceort; akin to OHG. scurz, Icel. skorta to be short of, to lack, and perhaps to E. shear, v. t. Cf. Shirt.]

1. Not long; having brief length or linear extension; as, a short distance; a short piece of timber; a short flight.

The bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it. Isa. xxviii. 20.

2. Not extended in time; having very limited duration; not protracted; as, short breath.

The life so short, the craft so long to learn. Chaucer.
To short absense I could yield. Milton.

3. Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty; as, a short supply of provisions, or of water.

4. Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied; scantily furnished; lacking; not coming up to a resonable, or the ordinary, standard; -- usually with of; as, to be short of money.

We shall be short in our provision. Shak.

5. Deficient; defective; imperfect; not coming up, as to a measure or standard; as, an account which is short of the trith.

6. Not distant in time; near at hand.

Marinell was sore offended That his departure thence should be so short. Spenser.
He commanded those who were appointed to attend him to be ready by a short day. Clarendon.

7. Limited in intellectual power or grasp; not comprehensive; narrow; not tenacious, as memory.

Their own short understandings reach No farther than the present. Rowe.

8. Less important, efficaceous, or powerful; not equal or equivalent; less (than); -- with of.

Hardly anything short of an invasion could rouse them again to war. Landor.

9. Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; as, he gave a short answer to the question.

10. (Cookery) Breaking or crumbling readily in the mouth; crisp; as, short pastry.

11. (Metal) Brittle. &hand; Metals that are brittle when hot are called ; as, cast iron may be hot-short, owing to the presence of sulphur. Those that are brittle when cold are called cold-short; as, cast iron may be cold-short, on account of the presence of phosphorus.

12. (Stock Exchange) Engaging or engaged to deliver what is not possessed; as, short contracts; to be short of stock. See The shorts, under Short, n., and To sell short, under Short, adv. &hand; In mercantile transactions, a note or bill is sometimes made payable at short sight, that is, in a little time after being presented to the payer.

13. (Phon.) Not prolonged, or relatively less prolonged, in utterance; -- opposed to long, and applied to vowels or to syllables. In English, the long and short of the same letter are not, in most cases, the long and short of the same sound; thus, the i in ill is the short sound, not of i in isle, but of ee in eel, and the e in pet is the short sound of a in pate, etc. See Quantity, and Guide to Pronunciation, §§22, 30. &hand; Short is much used with participles to form numerous self-explaining compounds; as, short-armed, short-billed, short-fingered, short-haired, short-necked, short-sleeved, short-tailed, short-winged, short-wooled, etc. At short notice, in a brief time; promptly. -- Short rib (Anat.), one of the false ribs. -- Short suit (Whist), any suit having only three cards, or less than three. R. A. Proctor. -- To come short, To cut short, To fall short, etc. See under Come, Cut, etc.

Short

Short, n.

1. A summary account.

The short and the long is, our play is preferred. Shak.

2. pl. The part of milled grain sifted out which is next finer than the bran.

The first remove above bran is shorts. Halliwell.

3. pl. Short, inferior hemp.

4. pl. Breeches; shortclothes. [Slang] Dickens.

5. (Phonetics) A short sound, syllable, or vowel.

If we compare the nearest conventional shorts and longs in English, as in "bit" and "beat," "not" and "naught," we find that the short vowels are generally wide, the long narrow, besides being generally diphthongic as well. Hence, originally short vowels can be lengthened and yet kept quite distinct from the original longs. H. Sweet.
In short, in few words; in brief; briefly. -- The long and the short, the whole; a brief summing up. -- The shorts (Stock Exchange), those who are unsupplied with stocks which they contracted to deliver.

Short

Short (?), adv. In a short manner; briefly; limitedly; abruptly; quickly; as, to stop short in one's course; to turn short.
He was taken up very short, and adjudged corrigible for such presumptuous language. Howell.
To sell short (Stock Exchange), to sell, for future delivery, what the party selling does not own, but hopes to buy at a lower rate.

Short

Short, v. t. [AS. sceortian.] To shorten. [Obs.]

Short

Short, v. i. To fail; to decrease. [Obs.]

Shortage

Short"age (?), n. Amount or extent of deficiency, as determined by some requirement or standard; as, a shortage in money accounts.

Short-breathed

Short"-breathed` (?), a.

1. Having short-breath, or quick respiration.

2. Having short life.

Shortcake

Short"cake` (?), n. An unsweetened breakfast cake shortened with butter or lard, rolled thin, and baked.

Short circuit

Short" cir"cuit (?). (Elec.) A circuit formed or closed by a conductor of relatively low resistance because shorter or of relatively great conductivity.

Short-circuit

Short"-cir`cuit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Short-circuited; p. pr. & vb. n. Short-circuiting.] (Elec.) To join, as the electrodes of a battery or dynamo or any two points of a circuit, by a conductor of low resistance.

Shortclothes

Short"clothes` (?), n. Coverings for the legs of men or boys, consisting of trousers which reach only to the knees, -- worn with long stockings.

Shortcoming

Short"com`ing (?), n. The act of falling, or coming short; as: (a) The failure of a crop, or the like. (b) Neglect of, or failure in, performance of duty.

Short-dated

Short"-dat`ed (?), a. Having little time to run from the date. "Thy short-dated life." Sandys.

Shorten

Short"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shortened ; p. pr. & vb. n. Shortening.] [See Short, a.]

1. To make short or shorter in measure, extent, or time; as, to shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of calamity.

2. To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to shorten work, an allowance of food, etc.

Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain. Dryden.

3. To make deficient (as to); to deprive; -- with of.

Spoiled of his nose, and shortened of his ears. Dryden.

4. To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, pot liquor, or the like. To shorten a rope (Naut.), to take in the slack of it. -- To shorten sail (Naut.), to reduce sail by taking it in.

Shorten

Short"en, v. i. To become short or shorter; as, the day shortens in northern latitudes from June to December; a metallic rod shortens by cold.

Shortener

Short"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, shortens.

Shortening

Short"en*ing, n.

1. The act of making or becoming short or shorter.

2. (Cookery) That which renders pastry short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.

Shorthand

Short"hand` (?), n. A compendious and rapid method or writing by substituting characters, abbreviations, or symbols, for letters, words, etc.; short writing; stenography. See Illust. under Phonography.

Short-handed

Short`-hand"ed, a. Short of, or lacking the regular number of, servants or helpers.

Shorthead

Short"head` (?), n. A sucking whale less than one year old; -- so called by sailors.

Shorthorn

Short"horn` (?), a. One of a breed of large, heavy domestic cattle having short horns. The breed was developed in England.

Short-jointed

Short"-joint`ed (?), a. Having short intervals between the joints; -- said of a plant or an animal, especially of a horse whose pastern is too short.

Short-lived

Short"-lived` (?), a. Not living or lasting long; being of short continuance; as, a short-lived race of beings; short-lived pleasure; short-lived passion.

Shortly

Short"ly, adv. [AS. sceortlice.]

1. In a short or brief time or manner; soon; quickly. Chaucer.

I shall grow jealous of you shortly. Shak.
The armies came shortly in view of each other. Clarendon.

2. In few words; briefly; abruptly; curtly; as, to express ideas more shortly in verse than in prose.

Shortness

Short"ness, n. The quality or state of being short; want of reach or extension; brevity; deficiency; as, the shortness of a journey; the shortness of the days in winter; the shortness of an essay; the shortness of the memory; a shortness of provisions; shortness of breath.

Shortsighted

Short"sight`ed (?), a.

1. Not able to see far; nearsighted; myopic. See Myopic, and Myopia.

2. Fig.: Not able to look far into futurity; unable to understand things deep; of limited intellect.

3. Having little regard for the future; heedless. -- Short"sight`ed*ly, adv. -- Short"sight`ed*ness, n.

Cunning is a kind of shortsightedness. Addison.

Short-spoken

Short"-spo`ken (?), a. Speaking in a quick or short manner; hence, gruff; curt. [Colloq.]

Shortstop

Short"stop` (?), n. (Baseball) The player stationed in the field bewtween the second and third bases.

Short-waisted

Short"-waist`ed (?), a. Having a short waist.

Short-winded

Short"-wind`ed (?), a. Affected with shortness of breath; having a quick, difficult respiration, as dyspnoic and asthmatic persons. May.

Shortwing

Short"wing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small wrenlike Asiatic birds having short wings and a short tail. They belong to Brachypterix, Callene, and allied genera.
Page 1333

Short-wited

Short"-wit`ed (?), a. Having little wit; not wise; having scanty intellect or judgment.

Shory

Shor"y (?), a. Lying near the shore. [Obs.]

Shoshones

Sho*sho"nes (?), n. pl.; sing. Shoshone (. (Ethnol.) A linguistic family or stock of North American Indians, comprising many tribes, which extends from Montana and Idaho into Mexico. In a restricted sense the name is applied especially to the Snakes, the most northern of the tribes.

Shot

Shot (?), imp. & p. p. Shoot.

Shot

Shot, a. Woven in such a way as to produce an effect of variegation, of changeable tints, or of being figured; as, shot silks. See Shoot, v. t., 8.

Shot

Shot, n. [AS. scot, sceot, fr. sce\'a2tan to shoot; akin to D. sschot, Icel. skot. &root;159. See Scot a share, Shoot, v. t., and cf. Shot a shooting.] A share or proportion; a reckoning; a scot.
Here no shots are where all shares be. Chapman.
A man is never . . . welcome to a place till some certain shot be paid and the hostess say "Welcome." Shak.

Shot

Shot, n.; pl. Shotor Shots (#). [OE. shot, schot, AS. gesceot a missile; akin to D. schot a shot, shoot, G. schuss, geschoss a missile, Icel. skot a throwing, a javelin, and E. shoot, v.t. &root;159. See Shoot, and cf. Shot a share.]

1. The act of shooting; discharge of a firearm or other weapon which throws a missile.

He caused twenty shot of his greatest cannon to be made at the king's army. Clarendon.

2. A missile weapon, particularly a ball or bullet; specifically, whatever is discharged as a projectile from firearms or cannon by the force of an explosive. &hand; Shot used in war is of various kinds, classified according to the material of which it is composed, into lead, wrought-iron, and cast-iron; according to form, into spherical and oblong; according to structure and modes of operation, into solid, hollow, and case. See Bar shot, Chain shot, etc., under Bar, Chain, etc.

3. Small globular masses of lead, of various sizes, -- used chiefly for killing game; as, bird shot; buckshot.

4. The flight of a missile, or the distance which it is, or can be, thrown; as, the vessel was distant more than a cannon shot.

5. A marksman; one who practices shooting; as, an exellent shot. Shot belt, a belt having a pouch or compartment for carrying shot. -- Shot cartridge, a cartridge containing powder and small shot, forming a charge for a shotgun. -- Shot garland (Naut.), a wooden frame to contain shot, secured to the coamings and ledges round the hatchways of a ship. -- Shot gauge, an instrument for measuring the diameter of round shot. Totten. -- shot hole, a hole made by a shot or bullet discharged. -- Shot locker (Naut.), a strongly framed compartment in the hold of a vessel, for containing shot. -- Shot of a cable (Naut.), the splicing of two or more cables together, or the whole length of the cables thus united. -- Shot prop (Naut.), a wooden prop covered with tarred hemp, to stop a hole made by the shot of an enemy in a ship's side. -- Shot tower, a lofty tower for making shot, by dropping from its summit melted lead in slender streams. The lead forms spherical drops which cool in the descent, and are received in water or other liquid. -- Shot window, a window projecting from the wall. Ritson, quoted by Halliwell, explains it as a window that opens and shuts; and Wodrow describes it as a window of shutters made of timber and a few inches of glass above them.

Shot

Shot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shotting.] To load with shot, as a gun. Totten.

Shot-clog

Shot"-clog` (?), n. A person tolerated only because he pays the shot, or reckoning, for the rest of the company, otherwise a mere clog on them. [Old Slang]
Thou common shot-clog, gull of all companies. Chapman.

Shote

Shote (?), n. [AS. sce\'a2ta a darting fish, a trout, fr. sce\'a2tan. See Shoot, v. t.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A fish resembling the trout. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Garew.

2. [Perh. a different word.] A young hog; a shoat.

Shot-free

Shot"-free` (?), a. Not to be injured by shot; shot-proof. [Obs.] Feltham.

Shot-free

Shot"-free`, a. Free from charge or expense; hence, unpunished; scot-free. [Obs.] Shak.

Shotgun

Shot"gun` (?), n. A light, smooth-bored gun, often double-barreled, especially designed for firing small shot at short range, and killing small game.

Shot-proof

Shot"-proof` (?), a. Impenetrable by shot.

Shots

Shots (?), n. pl. The refuse of cattle taken from a drove. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Shotted

Shot"ted (?), a.

1. Loaded with shot.

2. (Med.) Having a shot attached; as, a shotten suture.

Shotten

Shot"ten (?), n. [Properly p. p. of shoot; AS. scoten, sceoten, p. p. of sce\'a2tan.]

1. Having ejected the spawn; as, a shotten herring. Shak.

2. Shot out of its socket; dislocated, as a bone.

Shough

Shough (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shockdog.

Shough

Shough (?), interj. See Shoo. Beau & Fl.

Should

Should (?), imp. of Shall. [OE. sholde, shulde, scholde, schulde, AS. scolde, sceolde. See Shall.] Used as an auxiliary verb, to express a conditional or contingent act or state, or as a supposition of an actual fact; also, to express moral obligation (see Shall); e. g.: they should have come last week; if I should go; I should think you could go. "You have done that you should be sorry for." Shak. Syn. -- See Ought.

Shoulder

Shoul"der (?), n. [OE. shulder, shuldre, schutder, AS. sculdor; akin to D. schoulder, G. schulter, OHG. scultarra, Dan. skulder, Sw. skuldra.]

1. (Anat.) The joint, or the region of the joint, by which the fore limb is connected with the body or with the shoulder girdle; the projection formed by the bones and muscles about that joint.

2. The flesh and muscles connected with the shoulder joint; the upper part of the back; that part of the human frame on which it is most easy to carry a heavy burden; -- often used in the plural.

Then by main force pulled up, and on his shoulders bore The gates of Azza. Milton.
Adown her shoulders fell her length of hair. Dryden.

3. Fig.: That which supports or sustains; support.

In thy shoulder do I build my seat. Shak.

4. That which resembles a human shoulder, as any protuberance or projection from the body of a thing.

The north western shoulder of the mountain. Sir W. Scott.

5. The upper joint of the fore leg and adjacent parts of an animal, dressed for market; as, a shoulder of mutton.

6. (Fort.) The angle of a bastion included between the face and flank. See Illust. of Bastion.

7. An abrupt projection which forms an abutment on an object, or limits motion, etc., as the projection around a tenon at the end of a piece of timber, the part of the top of a type which projects beyond the base of the raised character, etc. Shoulder belt, a belt that passes across the shoulder. -- Shoulder blade (Anat.), the flat bone of the shoulder, to which the humerus is articulated; the scapula. -- Shoulder block (Naut.), a block with a projection, or shoulder, near the upper end, so that it can rest against a spar without jamming the rope. -- Shoulder clapper, one who claps another on the shoulder, or who uses great familiarity. [Obs.] Shak. -- Shoulder girdle. (Anat.) See Pectoral girdle, under Pectoral. -- Shoulder knot, an ornamental knot of ribbon or lace worn on the shoulder; a kind of epaulet or braided ornament worn as part of a military uniform. -- Shoulder-of-mutton sail (Naut.), a triangular sail carried on a boat's mast; -- so called from its shape. -- Shoulder slip, dislocation of the shoulder, or of the humerous. Swift. -- Shoulder strap, a strap worn on or over the shoulder. Specifically (Mil. & Naval), a narrow strap worn on the shoulder of a commissioned officer, indicating, by a suitable device, the rank he holds in the service. See Illust. in App.

Shoulder

Shoul"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shouldered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shouldering.]

1. To push or thrust with the shoulder; to push with violence; to jostle.

As they the earth would shoulder from her seat. Spenser.
Around her numberless the rabble flowed, Shouldering each other, crowding for a view. Rowe.

2. To take upon the shoulder or shoulders; as, to shoulder a basket; hence, to assume the burden or responsibility of; as, to shoulder blame; to shoulder a debt.

As if Hercules Or burly Atlas shouldered up their state. Marston.
Right shoulder arms (Mil.), a position in the Manual of Arms which the piece is placed on the right shoulder, with the lock plate up, and the muzzle elevated and inclined to the left, and held as in the illustration.

Shouldered

Shoul"dered (?), a. Having shoulders; -- used in composition; as, a broad-shouldered man. "He was short-shouldered." Chaucer.

Shoulder-shotten

Shoul"der-shot`ten (?), a. Sprained in the shoulder, as a horse. Shak.

Shout

Shout (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shouting.] [OE. shouten, of unknown origin; perhaps akin to shoot; cf. Icel. sk, sk, a taunt.] To utter a sudden and loud outcry, as in joy, triumph, or exultation, or to attract attention, to animate soldiers, etc.
Shouting of the men and women eke. Chaucer.
They shouted thrice: what was the last cry for? Shak.
To shout at, to utter shouts at; to deride or revile with shouts.

Shout

Shout, v. t.

1. To utter with a shout; to cry; -- sometimes with out; as, to shout, or to shout out, a man's name.

2. To treat with shouts or clamor. Bp. Hall.

Shout

Shout, n. A loud burst of voice or voices; a vehement and sudden outcry, especially of a multitudes expressing joy, triumph, exultation, or animated courage.
The Rhodians, seeing the enemy turn their backs, gave a great shout in derision. Knolles.

Shouter

Shout"er (?), n. One who shouts.

Shove

Shove (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shoved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shoving.] [OE. shoven, AS. scofian, fr. sc; akin to OFries. sk, D. schuiven, G. schieben, OHG. scioban, Icel. sk, sk, Sw. skuffa, Dan. skuffe, Goth. afskiuban to put away, cast away; cf. Skr. kshubh to become agitated, to quake, Lith. skubrus quick, skubinti to hasten. &root;160. Cf. Sheaf a bundle of stalks, Scoop, Scuffle.]

1. To drive along by the direct and continuous application of strength; to push; especially, to push (a body) so as to make it move along the surface of another body; as, to shove a boat on the water; to shove a table across the floor.

2. To push along, aside, or away, in a careless or rude manner; to jostle.

And shove away the worthy bidden guest. Milton.
He used to shove and elbow his fellow servants. Arbuthnot.

Shove

Shove, v. i.

1. To push or drive forward; to move onward by pushing or jostling.

2. To move off or along by an act pushing, as with an oar a pole used by one in a boat; sometimes with off.

He grasped the oar,< eceived his guests on board, and shoved from shore. Garth.

Shove

Shove (?), n. The act of shoving; a forcible push.
I rested . . . and then gave the boat another shove. Swift.
Syn. -- See Thrust.

Shove

Shove, obs. p. p. of Shove. Chaucer.

Shoveboard, Shovegroat

Shove"board` (?), Shove"groat` (?), n. The same as Shovelboard.

Shovel

Shov"el (?), n. [OE. shovele, schovele, AS. scoft, sceoft; akin to D. schoffel, G. schaufel, OHG. sc, Dan. skovl, Sw. skofvel, skyffel, and to E. shove. &root;160. See Shove, v. t.] An implement consisting of a broad scoop, or more or less hollow blade, with a handle, used for lifting and throwing earth, coal, grain, or other loose substances. Shovel hat, a broad-brimmed hat, turned up at the sides, and projecting in front like a shovel, -- worn by some clergy of the English Church. [Colloq.] -- Shovelspur (Zo\'94l.), a flat, horny process on the tarsus of some toads, -- used in burrowing. -- Steam shovel, a machine with a scoop or scoops, operated by a steam engine, for excavating earth, as in making railway cuttings.

Shovel

Shov"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shoveled (?) or Shovelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Shoveling or Shovelling.]

1. To take up and throw with a shovel; as, to shovel earth into a heap, or into a cart, or out of a pit.

2. To gather up as with a shovel.

Shovelard

Shov"el*ard (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Shoveler. [Prov. Eng.]

Shovelbill

Shov"el*bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The shoveler.

Shovelboard

Shov"el*board` (?), n.

1. A board on which a game is played, by pushing or driving pieces of metal or money to reach certain marks; also, the game itself. Called also shuffleboard, shoveboard, shovegroat, shovelpenny.<-- now usu. shuffleboard. -->

2. A game played on board ship in which the aim is to shove or drive with a cue wooden disks into divisions chalked on the deck; -- called also shuffleboard.

Shoveler

Shov"el*er (?), n. [Also shoveller.]

1. One who, or that which, shovels.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A river duck (Spatula clypeata), native of Europe and America. It has a large bill, broadest towards the tip. The male is handsomely variegated with green, blue, brown, black, and white on the body; the head and neck are dark green. Called also broadbill, spoonbill, shovelbill, and maiden duck. The Australian shoveler, or shovel-nosed duck (S. rhynchotis), is a similar species.

Shovelful

Shov"el*ful (?), n.; pl. Shovelfuls (. As much as a shovel will hold; enough to fill a shovel.

Shovelhead

Shov"el*head` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shark (Sphryna tiburio) allied to the hammerhead, and native of the warmer parts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans; -- called also bonnet shark.

Shovelnose

Shov"el*nose` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common sand shark. See under Snad. (b) A small California shark (Heptranchias maculatus), which is taken for its oil. (c) A Pacific Ocean shark (Hexanchus corinus). (d) A ganoid fish of the Sturgeon family (Scaphirhynchus platyrhynchus) of the Mississippi and Ohio rivers; -- called also white sturgeon.

Shovel-nosed

Shov"el-nosed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a broad, flat nose; as, the shovel-nosed duck, or shoveler.

Shoven

Shov"en (?), obs. p. p. of Shove. Chaucer.

Show

Show (?), v. t. [imp. Showed (?); p. p. Shown (?) or Showed; p. pr. & vb. n. Showing. It is sometimes written shew, shewed, shewn, shewing.] [OE. schowen, shewen, schewen, shawen, AS. sce\'a0wian, to look, see, view; akin to OS. scaw, OFries. skawia, D. schouwen, OHG. scouw, G. schauen, Dan. skue, Sw. sk, Icel. sko, Goth. usskawjan to waken, skuggwa a mirror, Icel. skuggy shade, shadow, L. cavere to be on one's guard, Gr. kavi wise. Cf. Caution, Scavenger, Sheen.]

1. To exhibit or present to view; to place in sight; to display; -- the thing exhibited being the object, and often with an indirect object denoting the person or thing seeing or beholding; as, to show a house; show your colors; shopkeepers show customers goods (show goods to customers).

Go thy way, shew thyself to the priest. Matt. viii. 4.
Nor want we skill or art from whence to raise Magnificence; and what can heaven show more? Milton.

2. To exhibit to the mental view; to tell; to disclose; to reveal; to make known; as, to show one's designs.

Shew them the way wherein they must walk. Ex. xviii. 20.
If it please my father to do thee evil, then I will shew it thee, and send thee away. 1 Sam. xx. 13.

3. Specifically, to make known the way to (a person); hence, to direct; to guide; to asher; to conduct; as, to show a person into a parlor; to show one to the door.

4. To make apparent or clear, as by evidence, testimony, or reasoning; to prove; to explain; also, to manifest; to evince; as, to show the truth of a statement; to show the causes of an event.

I 'll show my duty by my timely care. Dryden.

5. To bestow; to confer; to afford; as, to show favor.

Shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me. Ex. xx. 6.
To show forth, to manifest; to publish; to proclaim. -- To show his paces, to exhibit the gait, speed, or the like; -- said especially of a horse. -- To show off, to exhibit ostentatiously. -- To show up, to expose. [Colloq.]

Show

Show, v. i. [Written also shew.]

1. To exhibit or manifest one's self or itself; to appear; to look; to be in appearance; to seem.

Just such she shows before a rising storm. Dryden.
All round a hedge upshoots, and shows At distance like a little wood. Tennyson.

Page 1334

2. To have a certain appearance, as well or ill, fit or unfit; to become or suit; to appear.

My lord of York, it better showed with you. Shak.
To show off, to make a show; to display one's self.

Show

Show (?), n. [Formerly written also shew.]

1. The act of showing, or bringing to view; exposure to sight; exhibition.

2. That which os shown, or brought to view; that which is arranged to be seen; a spectacle; an exhibition; as, a traveling show; a cattle show.

As for triumphs, masks, feasts, and such shows. Bacon.

3. Proud or ostentatious display; parade; pomp.

I envy none their pageantry and show. Young.

4. Semblance; likeness; appearance.

He through the midst unmarked, In show plebeian angel militant Of lowest order, passed. Milton.

5. False semblance; deceitful appearance; pretense.

Beware of the scribes, . . . which devour widows' houses, and for a shew make long prayers. Luke xx. 46. 47.

6. (Med.) A discharge, from the vagina, of mucus streaked with blood, occuring a short time before labor.

7. (Mining) A pale blue flame, at the top of a candle flame, indicating the presence of fire damp. Raymond. Show bill, a broad sheet containing an advertisement in large letters. -- Show box, a box xontaining some object of curiosity carried round as a show. -- Show card, an advertising placard; also, a card for displaying samples. -- Show case, a gla -- Show glass, a glass which displays objects; a mirror. -- Show of hands, a raising of hands to indicate judgment; as, the vote was taken by a show of hands. -- Show stone, a piece of glass or crystal supposed to have the property of exhibiting images of persons or things not present, indicating in that way future events.

Showbread

Show"bread` (?), n. (Jewish Antiq.) Bread of exhibition; loaves to set before God; -- the term used in translating the various phrases used in the Hebrew and Greek to designate the loaves of bread which the priest of the week placed before the Lord on the golden table in the sanctuary. They were made of fine flour unleavened, and were changed every Sabbath. The loaves, twelve in number, represented the twelve tribes of Israel. They were to be eaten by the priests only, and in the Holy Place. [Written also shewbread.] Mark ii. 26.

Shower

Show"er (?), n.

1. One who shows or exhibits.

2. That which shows; a mirror. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Shower

Show"er (?), n. [OE. shour, schour, AS. se; akin to D. schoer, G. schauer, OHG. sc, Icel. sk, Sw. skur, Goth. sk a storm of wind; of uncertain origin.]

1. A fall or rain or hail of short duration; sometimes, but rarely, a like fall of snow.

In drought or else showers. Chaucer.
Or wet the thirsty earth with falling showers. Milton.

2. That which resembles a shower in falling or passing through the air copiously and rapidly.

With showers of stones he drives them far away. Pope.

3. A copious supply bestowed. [R.]

He and myself Have travail'd in the great shower of your gifts. Shak.
Shower bath, a bath in which water is showered from above, and sometimes from the sides also.

Shower

Show"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Showered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Showering.]

1. To water with a shower; to

Lest it again dissolve and shower the earth. Milton.

2. To bestow liberally; to destribute or scatter in Shak.

Cshowers down greatness on his friends. Addison.

Shower

Show"er, v. i. To rain in showers; to fall, as in a hower or showers. Shak.

Showerful

Show"er*ful (?), a. Full of showers. Tennyson.

Showeriness

Show"er*i*ness (?), n. Quality of being showery.

Showerless

Show"er*less, a. Rainless; freo from showers.

Showery

Show"er*y (?), a.

1. Raining in showers; abounding with frequent showers of rain.

2. Of or pertaining to a shower or showers. "Colors of the showery arch." Milton.

Showily

Show"i*ly (?), adv. In a showy manner; pompously; with parade.

Showiness

Show"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being showy; pompousness; great parade; ostentation.

Showing

Show"ing, n.

1. Appearance; display; exhibition.

2. Presentation of facts; statement. J. S. Mill.

Showish

Show"ish, a. Showy; ostentatious. Swift.

Showman

Show"man (?), n.; pl. Showmen (#). One who exhibits a show; a proprietor of a show. <-- 1 (b) esp. a producer of an entertainment . 2. One who has a knack for dramatic or entertaining presentation. -->

Shown

Shown (?), p. p. of Show.

Showroom

Show"room` (?), n. A room or apartment where a show is exhibited.

2. A room where merchandise is exposed for sale, or where samples are displayed.

Showy

Show"y (?), a. [Compar. Showier (; superl. Showiest.] Making a show; attracting attention; presenting a marked appearance; ostentatious; gay; gaudy.
A present of everything that was rich and showy. Addison.
Syn. -- Splendid; gay; gaudy; gorgeous; fine; magnificent; grand; stately; sumptuous; pompous.

Shrag

Shrag (?), n. [CF. Scrag.] A twig of a tree cut off. [Obs.]

Shrag

Shrag, v. t. To trim, as trees; to lop. [Obs.]

Shragger

Shrag"ger (?), n. One who lops; one who trims trees. [Obs.] Huloet.

Shram

Shram (?), v. t. [Cf. Shrink.] To cause to shrink or shrivel with cold; to benumb. [Prov. Eng.]

Shrank

Shrank (?), imp. of Shrink.

Shrap, Shrape

Shrap (?), Shrape (?), n. [Cf. Scrap, and Scrape.] A place baited with chaff to entice birds. [Written also scrap.] [Obs.] Bp. Bedell.

Shrapnel

Shrap"nel (?), a. Applied as an appellation to a kind of shell invented by Gen. H. Shrapnel of the British army. -- n. A shrapnel shell; shrapnel shells, collectively. Shrapnel shell (Gunnery), a projectile for a cannon, consisting of a shell filled with bullets and a small bursting charge to scatter them at any given point while in flight. See the Note under Case shot.

Shred

Shred (?), n. [OE. shrede, schrede, AS. scre\'a0de; akin to OD. schroode, G. schrot a piece cut off, Icel. skrjo\'ebr a shred, and to E. shroud. Cf. Screed, Scroll, Scrutiny.]

1. A long, narrow piece cut or torn off; a strip. "Shreds of tanned leather." Bacon.

2. In general, a fragment; a piece; a particle. Shak.

Shred

Shred, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shred or Shredded (; p. pr. & vb. n. Shredding.] [OE. shreden, schreden, AS. scre\'a0dian; akin to OD. schrooden, OHG. scr, G. schroten. See Shred, n.]

1. To cut or tear into small pieces, particularly narrow and long pieces, as of cloth or leather. Chaucer.

2. To lop; to prune; to trim. [Obs.]

Shredcook

Shred"cook` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The fieldfare; -- so called from its harsh cry before rain. [Prov. Eng.]

Shredding

Shred"ding (?), n.

1. The act of cutting or tearing into shreds.

2. That which is cut or torn off; a piece. Hooker.

Shreddy

Shred"dy (?), a. Consisting of shreds.

Shredless

Shred"less, a. Having no shreds; without a shred.
And those which waved are shredless dust ere now. Byron.

Shrew

Shrew (?), a. [OE. shrewe, schrewe. Cf. Shrewd.] Wicked; malicious. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Shrew

Shrew, n. [See Shrew, a.]

1. Originally, a brawling, turbulent, vexatious person of either sex, but now restricted in use to females; a brawler; a scold.

A man . . . grudgeth that shrews [i. e., bad men] have prosperity, or else that good men have adversity. Chaucer.
A man had got a shrew to his wife, and there could be no quiet in the house for her. L'Estrange.

2. [AS. scre\'a0wa; -- so called because supposed to be venomous. ] (Zo\'94l.) Any small insectivore of the genus Sorex and several allied genera of the family Sorecid\'91. In form and color they resemble mice, but they have a longer and more pointed nose. Some of them are the smallest of all mammals. &hand; The common European species are the house shrew (Crocidura araneus), and the erd shrew (Sorex vulgaris) (see under Erd.). In the United States several species of Sorex and Blarina are common, as the broadnosed shrew (S. platyrhinus), Cooper's shrew (S. Cooperi), and the short-tailed, or mole, shrew (Blarina brevicauda). Th American water, or marsh, shrew (Neosorex palustris), with fringed feet, is less common. The common European water shrews are Crossopus fodiens, and the oared shrew (see under Oared). Earth shrew, any shrewlike burrowing animal of the family Centetid\'91, as the tendrac. -- Elephant shrew, Jumping shrew, Mole shrew. See under Elephant, Jumping, etc. -- Musk shrew. See Desman. -- River shrew, an aquatic West African insectivore (Potamogale velox) resembling a weasel in form and size, but having a large flattened and crested tail adapted for rapid swimming. It feeds on fishes. -- Shrew mole, a common large North American mole (Scalops aquaticus). Its fine, soft fur is gray with iridescent purple tints.

Shrew

Shrew, v. t. [See Shrew, a., and cf. Beshrew.] To beshrew; to curse. [Obs.] "I shrew myself." Chaucer.

Shrewd

Shrewd (?), a. [Compar. Shrewder (?); superl. Shrewdest.] [Originally the p. p. of shrew, v.t.]

1. Inclining to shrew; disposing to curse or scold; hence, vicious; malicious; evil; wicked; mischievous; vexatious; rough; unfair; shrewish. [Obs.] Chaucer.

[Egypt] hath many shrewd havens, because of the great rocks that ben strong and dangerous to pass by. Sir J. Mandeville.
Every of this happy number That have endured shrewd days and nights with us. Shak.

2. Artful; wily; cunning; arch.

These women are shrewd tempters with their tongues. Shak.

3. Able or clever in practical affairs; sharp in business; astute; sharp-witted; sagacious; keen; as, a shrewd observer; a shrewd design; a shrewd reply.

Professing to despise the ill opinion of mankind creates a shrewd suspicion that we have deserved it. Secker.
Syn. -- Keen; critical; subtle; artful; astute; sagacious; discerning; acute; penetrating. -- Shrewd, Sagacious. One who is shrewd is keen to detect errors, to penetrate disguises, to foresee and guard against the selfishness of others. Shrewd is a word of less dignity than sagacious, which implies a comprehensive as well as penetrating mind, whereas shrewd does not. -- Shrewd"ly, adv. -- Shrewd"ness, n.

Shrewish

Shrew"ish (?), a. having the qualities of a shrew; having a scolding disposition; froward; peevish.
My wife is shrewish when I keep not hours. Shak.
-- Shrew"ish*ly, adv. -- Shrew"ish*ness, n.

Shrewmouse

Shrew"mouse` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shrew; especially, the erd shrew. <-- Sorex vulgaris -->

Shriek

Shriek (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shrieked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shrieking.] [OE. shriken, originallythe same word as E. screech. See Screech, and cf. Screak.] To utter a loud, sharp, shrill sound or cry, as do some birds and beasts; to scream, as in a sudden fright, in horror or anguish.
It was the owl that shrieked. Shak.
At this she shrieked aloud; the mournful train Echoed her grief. Dryden.

Shriek

Shriek (?), v. t. To utter sharply and shrilly; to utter in or with a shriek or shrieks.
On top whereof aye dwelt the ghostly owl, Shrieking his baleful note. Spenser.
She shrieked his name To the dark woods. Moore.

Shriek

Shriek, n. A sharp, shrill outcry or scream; a shrill wild cry such as is caused by sudden or extreme terror, pain, or the like.
Shrieks, clamors, murmurs, fill the frighted town. Dryden.
Shriek owl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The screech owl. (b) The swift; -- so called from its cry.

Shrieker

Shriek"er (?), n. One who utters a shriek.

Shrieval

Shriev"al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a sheriff.

Shrievalty

Shriev"al*ty (?), n. [Contr. from sheriffalty. See Shrieve, n. Sheriff.] The office, or sphere of jurisdiction, of a sheriff; sheriffalty.
It was ordained by 28 Edward I that the people shall have election of sheriff in every shire where the shrievalty is not of inheritance. Blackstone.

Shrieve

Shrieve (?), n. [Contr. from OE. shereve. See Sheriff.] A sheriff. [Obs.] Shak.

Shrieve

Shrieve, v. t. To shrive; to question. [Obs.] "She gan him soft to shrieve." Spenser.

Shrift

Shrift (?), n. [OE. shrift, schrift, AS. scrift, fr. scr\'c6fan to shrive. See Shrive.]

1. The act of shriving.

In shrift and preaching is my diligence. Chaucer.

2. Confession made to a priest, and the absolution consequent upon it. Chaucer.

Have you got leave to go to shrift to-day? Shak.
Therefore, my lord, address you to your shrift, And be yourself; for you must die this instant. Rowe.
Shrift father, a priest to whom confession is made.

Shright

Shright (?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Shriek.
She cried alway and shright. Chaucer.

Shright

Shright, n. [See Shriek.] A shriek; shrieking. [Obs] Spenser. "All hoarse for shright." Chaucer.

Shrike

Shrike (?), n. [Akin to Icel. skr\'c6kja a shrieker, the shrike, and E. shriek; cf. AS. scr\'c6c a thrush. See Shriek, v. i.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of oscinine birds of the family Laniid\'91, having a strong hooked bill, toothed at the tip. Most shrikes are insectivorous, but the common European gray shrike (Lanius excubitor), the great northern shrike (L. borealis), and several others, kill mice, small birds, etc., and often impale them on thorns, and are, on that account called also butcher birds. See under Butcher. &hand; The ant shrikes, or bush shrikes, are clamatorial birds of the family Formicarid\'91. The cuckoo shrikes of the East Indies and Australia are Oscines of the family Campephagid\'91. The drongo shrikes of the same regions belong to the related family Dicrurid\'91. See Drongo. Crow shrike. See under Crow. -- Shrike thrush. (a) Any one of several species of Asiatic timaline birds of the genera Thamnocataphus, Gampsorhynchus, and allies. (b) Any one of several species of shrikelike Australian singing birds of the genus Colluricincla. -- Shrike tit. (a) Any one of several Australian birds of the genus Falcunculus, having a strong toothed bill and sharp claws. They creep over the bark of trees, like titmice, in search of insects. (b) Any one of several species of small Asiatic birds belonging to Allotrius, Pteruthius, Cutia, Leioptila, and allied genera, related to the true tits. Called also hill tit. -- Swallow shrike. See under Swallow.

Shrill

Shrill (?), a. [Compar. Shriller (?); superl. Shrillest.] [OE. shril, schril; akin to LG. schrell, G. schrill. See Shrill,v. i.] Acute; sharp; piercing; having or emitting a sharp, piercing tone or sound; -- said a sound, or of that which produces a sound.
Hear the shrill whistle which doth order give To sounds confused. Shak.
Let winds be shrill, let waves roll high. Byron.

Shrill

Shrill, n. A shrill sound. [Obs.] Spenser.

Shrill

Shrill, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shrilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shrilling.] [OE. schrillen, akin to G. schrillen; cf. AS. scralletan to resound loudly, Icel. skr\'94lta to jolt, Sw. skr\'84lla to shrill, Norw. skryla, skr. Cf. Skirl.] To utter an acute, piercing sound; to sound with a sharp, shrill tone; to become shrill.
Break we our pipes, that shrilledloud as lark. Spenser.
No sounds were heard but of the shrilling cock. Goldsmith.
His voice shrilled with passion. L. Wallace.

Shrill

Shrill, v. t. To utter or express in a shrill tone; to cause to make a shrill sound.
How poor Andromache shrills her dolors forth. Shak.

Shrill-gorged

Shrill"-gorged` (?), a. Having a throat which produces a shrill note. [R.] Shak.

Shrillness

Shrill"ness, n. The quality or state of being shrill.

Shrill-tongued

Shrill"-tongued` (?), a. Having a shrill voice. "When shrill-tongued Fulvia scolds." Shak.

Shrilly

Shril"ly, adv. In a shrill manner; acutely; with a sharp sound or voice.

Shrilly

Shril"ly, a. Somewhat shrill. [Poetic] Sir W. Scott.
Some kept up a shrilly mellow sound. Keats.

Shrimp

Shrimp (?), v. t. [Cf. AS. scrimman to dry up, wither, MHG. schrimpfen to shrink, G. schrumpfen, Dan. skrumpe, skrumpes, Da. & Sw. skrumpen shriveled. Cf. Scrimp, Shrink, Shrivel.] To contract; to shrink. [Obs.]

Shrimp

Shrimp, n. [OE. shrimp; -- probably so named from its shriveled appearance. See Shrimp, v.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of macruran Crustacea belonging to Crangon and various allied genera, having a slender body and long legs. Many of them are used as food. The larger kinds are called also prawns. See Illust. of Decapoda. (b) In a more general sense, any species of the macruran tribe Caridea, or any species of the order Schizopoda, having a similar form. (c) In a loose sense, any small crustacean, including some amphipods and even certain entomostracans; as, the fairy shrimp, and brine shrimp. See under Fairy, and Brine.


Page 1335

2. Figuratively, a little wrinkled man; a dwarf; -- in contempt.

This weak and writhled shrimp. Shak.
Opossum shrimp. (Zo\'94l.) See under Opossum. -- Spector shrimp, ∨ Skeleton shrimp (Zo\'94l.), any slender amphipod crustacean of the genus Caprella and allied genera. See Illust. under L\'91modopoda. -- Shrimp catcher (Zo\'94l.), the little tern (Sterna minuta). -- Shrimp net, a dredge net fixed upon a pole, or a sweep net dragged over the fishing ground.

Shrimper

Shrimp"er (?), n. One who fishes for shrimps.

Shrine

Shrine (?), n. [OE. schrin, AS. scr\'c6n, from L. scrinium a case, chest, box.]

1. A case, box, or receptacle, especially one in which are deposited sacred relics, as the bones of a saint.

2. Any sacred place, as an altar, tromb, or the like.

Too weak the sacred shrine guard. Byron.

3. A place or object hallowed from its history or associations; as, a shrine of art.

Shrine

Shrine, v. t. To enshrine; to place reverently, as in a shrine. "Shrined in his sanctuary." Milton.

Shrink

Shrink (?), v. i. [imp. Shrank (?) or Shrunk (?) p. p. Shrunk or Shrunken (, but the latter is now seldom used except as a participial adjective; p. pr. & vb. n. Shrinking.] [OE. shrinken, schrinken, AS. scrincan; akin to OD. schrincken, and probably to Sw. skrynka a wrinkle, skrynkla to wrinkle, to rumple, and E. shrimp, n. & v., scrimp. CF. Shrimp.]

1. To wrinkle, bend, or curl; to shrivel; hence, to contract into a less extent or compass; to gather together; to become compacted.

And on a broken reed he still did stay His feeble steps, which shrunk when hard thereon he lay. Spenser.
I have not found that water, by mixture of ashes, will shrink or draw into less room. Bacon.
Against this fire do I shrink up. Shak.
And shrink like parchment in consuming fire. Dryden.
All the boards did shrink. Coleridge.

2. To withdraw or retire, as from danger; to decline action from fear; to recoil, as in fear, horror, or distress.

What happier natures shrink at with affright, The hard inhabitant contends is right. Pope.
They assisted us against the Thebans when you shrank from the task. Jowett (Thucyd.)

3. To express fear, horror, or pain by contracting the body, or part of it; to shudder; to quake. [R.] Shak.

Shrink

Shrink, v. t.

1. To cause to contract or shrink; as, to shrink finnel by imersing it in boiling water.

2. To draw back; to withdraw. [Obs.]

The Libyc Hammon shrinks his horn. Milton.
To shrink on (Mach.), to fix (one piece or part) firmly around (another) by natural contraction in cooling, as a tire on a wheel, or a hoop upon a cannon, which is made slightly smaller than the part it is to fit, and expanded by heat till it can be slipped into place.

Shrink

Shrink, n. The act shrinking; shrinkage; contraction; also, recoil; withdrawal.
Yet almost wish, with sudden shrink, That I had less to praise. Leigh Hunt.

Shrinkage

Shrink"age (?), n.

1. The act of shrinking; a contraction into less bulk or measurement.

2. The amount of such contraction; the bulk or dimension lost by shrinking, as of grain, castings, etc.

3. Decrease in value; depreciation. [Colloq.]

Shrinker

Shrink"er (?), n. One who shrinks; one who withdraws from danger.

Shrinking

Shrink"ing, a. & n. from Shrink. Shrinking head (Founding), a body of molten metal connected with a mold for the purpose of supplying metal to compensate for the shrinkage of the casting; -- called also sinking head, and riser.

Shrinkingly

Shrink"ing*ly, adv. In a shrinking manner.

Shrivalty

Shriv"al*ty (?), n. Shrievalty. Johnson.

Shrive

Shrive (?), v. t. [imp. Shrived (?) or Shrove (; p. p. Shriven (?) or Shrived; p. pr. & vb. n. Shriving.] [OE. shriven, schriven, AS. scr\'c6van to shrive, to impose penance or punishment; akin to OFries. skr\'c6va to impose punishment; cf. OS. biskr\'c6ban to be troubled. Cf. Shrift, Shrovetide.]

1. To hear or receive the confession of; to administer confession and absolution to; -- said of a priest as the agent.

That they should shrive their parishioners. Piers Plowman.
Doubtless he shrives this woman, . . . Else ne'er could he so long protract his speech. Shak.
Till my guilty soul be shriven. Longfellow.

2. To confess, and receive absolution; -- used reflexively.

Get you to the church and shrive yourself. Beau & Fl.

Shrive

Shrive, v. i. To receive confessions, as a priest; to administer confession and absolution. Spenser.

Shrivel

Shriv"el (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shriveled (?) or Shrivelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Shriveling or Shrivelling.] [Probably akin to shrimp, shrink; cf. dial. AS. screpa to pine away, Norw. skrypa to waste, skryp, skryv, transitory, frail, Sw. skr\'94pling feeble, Dan. skr\'94belig, Icel. skrj brittle, frail.] To draw, or be drawn, into wrinkles; to shrink, and form corrugations; as, a leaf shriveles in the hot sun; the skin shrivels with age; -- often with up.

Shrivel

Shriv"el (?), v. t. To cause to shrivel or contract; to cause to shrink onto corruptions.

Shriven

Shriv"en (?), p. p. of Shrive.

Shriver

Shriv"er (?), n. One who shrives; a confessor.

Shriving

Shriv"ing, n. Shrift; confession. Spenser.

Shroff

Shroff (?), n. [Ar. sarr\'bef.] A banker, or changer of money. [East Indies]

Shroffage

Shroff"age (?), n. The examination of coins, and the separation of the good from the debased. [East Indies]

Shrood

Shrood (?), v. t. [Cf. Shroud.] [Written also shroud, and shrowd.] To trim; to lop. [Prov. Eng.]

Shroud

Shroud (?), n. [OE. shroud, shrud, schrud, AS. scr a garment, clothing; akin to Icel. skru the shrouds of a ship, furniture of a church, a kind of stuff, Sw. skrud dress, attire, and E. shred. See Shred, and cf. Shrood.]

1. That which clothes, covers, conceals, or protects; a garment. Piers Plowman.

Swaddled, as new born, in sable shrouds. Sandys.

2. Especially, the dress for the dead; a winding sheet. "A dead man in his shroud." Shak.

3. That which covers or shelters like a shroud.

Jura answers through her misty shroud. Byron.

4. A covered place used as a retreat or shelter, as a cave or den; also, a vault or crypt. [Obs.]

The shroud to which he won His fair-eyed oxen. Chapman.
A vault, or shroud, as under a church. Withals.

5. The branching top of a tree; foliage. [R.]

The Assyrian wad a cedar in Lebanon, with fair branches and with a shadowing shroad. Ezek. xxxi. 3.

6. pl. (Naut.) A set of ropes serving as stays to support the masts. The lower shrouds are secured to the sides of vessels by heavy iron bolts and are passed around the head of the lower masts.

7. (Mach.) One of the two annular plates at the periphery of a water wheel, which form the sides of the buckets; a shroud plate. Bowsprit shrouds (Naut.), ropes extending from the head of the bowsprit to the sides of the vessel. -- Futtock shrouds (Naut.), iron rods connecting the topmast rigging with the lower rigging, passing over the edge of the top. -- Shroud plate. (a) (Naut.) An iron plate extending from the dead-eyes to the ship's side. Ham. Nav. Encyc. (b) (Mach.) A shroud. See def. 7, above.

Shroud

Shroud, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shrouded; p. pr. & vb. n. Shrouding.] [Cf. AS. scr. See Shroud, n.]

1. To cover with a shroud; especially, to inclose in a winding sheet; to dress for the grave.

The ancient Egyptian mummies were shrouded in a number of folds of linen besmeared with gums. Bacon.

2. To cover, as with a shroud; to protect completely; to cover so as to conceal; to hide; to veil.

One of these trees, with all his young ones, may shroud four hundred horsemen. Sir W. Raleigh.
Some tempest rise, And blow out all the stars that light the skies, To shroud my shame. Dryden.

Shroud

Shroud, v. i. To take shelter or harbor. [Obs.]
If your stray attendance be yet lodged, Or shroud within these limits. Milton.

Shroud

Shroud, v. t. To lop. See Shrood. [Prov. Eng.]

Shrouded

Shroud"ed, a. Provided with a shroud or shrouds. Shrouded gear (Mach.), a cogwheel or pinion having flanges which form closed ends to the spaces between the teeth and thus strengthen the teeth by tying them together.

Shrouding

Shroud"ing, n. The shrouds. See Shroud, n., 7.

Shroud-laid

Shroud"-laid` (?), a. Composed of four strands, and laid right-handed with a heart, or center; -- said of rope. See Illust. under Cordage.

Shroudless

Shroud"less, a. Without a shroud.

Shroudy

Shroud"y (?), a. Affording shelter. [R.] Milton.

Shrove

Shrove (?), imp. of Shrive. Shrove Sunday, Quinguagesima Sunday. -- Shrove Tuesday, the Tuesday following Quinguagesima Sunday, and preceding the first day of Lent, or Ash Wednesday. It was formerly customary in England, on this day, for the people to confess their sins to their parish priests, after which they dined on pancakes, or fritters, and the occasion became one of merriment. The bell rung on this day is popularly called Pancake Bell, and the day itself Pancake Tuesday. P. Cyc.

Shrove

Shrove, v. i. To join in the festivities of Shrovetide; hence, to make merry. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.

Shrovetide

Shrove"tide` (?), n. [From shrive to take a confession (OE. imp. shrof, AS. scr\'bef) + tide.] The days immediately preceding Ash Widnesday, especially the period between the evening before Quinguagesima Sunday and the morning of Ash Wednesday.

Shroving

Shrov"ing, n. The festivity of Shrovetide. [Obs.]

Shrow

Shrow (?), n. A shrew. [Obs.] Shak.

Shrowd

Shrowd (?), v. t. See Shrood. [Prov. Eng.]

Shrub

Shrub (?), n. [Ar. shirb, shurb, a drink, beverage, fr. shariba to drink. Cf. Sirup, Sherbet.] A liquor composed of vegetable acid, especially lemon juice, and sugar, with spirit to preserve it.

Shrub

Shrub, n. [OE. schrob, AS. scrob, scrobb; akin to Norw. skrubba the dwarf cornel tree.] (Bot.) A woody plant of less size than a tree, and usually with several stems from the same root.

Shrub

Shrub, v. t. To lop; to prune. [Obs.] Anderson (1573).

Shrubbery

Shrub"ber*y (?), n.; pl. Shrubberies (.

1. A collection of shrubs.

2. A place where shrubs are planted. Macaulay.

Shrubbiness

Shrub"bi*ness (?), n. Quality of being shrubby.

Shrubby

Shrub"by (?), a. [Compar. Shrubbier (?); superl. Shrubbiest.]

1. Full of shrubs.

2. Of the nature of a shrub; resembling a shrub. "Shrubby browse." J. Philips.

Shrubless

Shrub"less, a. having no shrubs. Byron.

Shruff

Shruff (?), n. [Cf. Scruff, Scurf.] Rubbish. Specifically: (a) Dross or refuse of metals. [Obs.] (b) Light, dry wood, or stuff used for fuel. [Prov. Eng.]

Shrug

Shrug (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shrugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shrugging (?).] [Probably akin to shrink, p. p. shrunk; cf. Dan. skrugge, skrukke, to stoop, dial. Sw. skrukka, skruga, to crouch.] To draw up or contract (the shoulders), especially by way of expressing dislike, dread, doubt, or the like.
He shrugs his shoulders when you talk of securities. Addison.

Shrug

Shrug, v. i. To raise or draw up the shoulders, as in expressing dislike, dread, doubt, or the like.
They grin, they shrug. They bow, they snarl, they snatch, they hug. Swift.

Shrug

Shrug, n. A drawing up of the shoulders, -- a motion usually expressing dislike, dread, or doubt.
The Spaniards talk in dialogues Of heads and shoulders, nods and shrugs. Hudibras.

Shrunken

Shrunk"en (?), p. p. & a. from Shrink.

Shuck

Shuck (?), n. A shock of grain. [Prev.Eng.]

Shuck

Shuck, n. [Perhaps akin to G. shote a husk, pod, shell.]

1. A shell, husk, or pod; especially, the outer covering of such nuts as the hickory nut, butternut, peanut, and chestnut.

2. The shell of an oyster or clam. [U. S.]

Shuck

Shuck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shucked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shucking.] To deprive of the shucks or husks; as, to shuck walnuts, Indian corn, oysters, etc.

Shucker

Shuck"er (?), n. One who shucks oysters or clams

Shudder

Shud"der (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shuddered (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Shuddering.] [OE. shoderen, schuderen; akin to LG. schuddern, D. schudden to shake, OS. skuddian, G. schaudern to shudder, sch\'81tteln to shake, sch\'81tten to pour, to shed, OHG. scutten, scuten, to shake.] To tremble or shake with fear, horrer, or aversion; to shiver with cold; to quake. "With shuddering horror pale." Milton.
The shuddering tennant of the frigid zone. Goldsmith.

Shudder

Shud"der, n. The act of shuddering, as with fear. Shak.

Shudderingly

Shud"der*ing*ly, adv. In a shuddering manner.

Shude

Shude (?), n. The husks and other refuse of rice mills, used to adulterate oil cake, or linseed cake.

Shuffle

Shuf"fle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shuffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shuffling (?).] [Originally the same word as scuffle, and properly a freq. of shove. See Shove, and Scuffle.]

1. To shove one way and the other; to push from one to another; as, to shuffle money from hand to hand.

2. To mix by pushing or shoving; to confuse; to throw into disorder; especially, to change the relative positions of, as of the cards in a pack.

A man may shuffle cards or rattle dice from noon to midnight without tracing a new idea in his mind. Rombler.

3. To remove or introduce by artificial confusion.

It was contrived by your enemies, and shuffled into the papers that were seizen. Dryden.
To shuffe off, to push off; to rid one's self of. -- To shuffe up, to throw together in hastel to make up or form in confusion or with fraudulent disorder; as, he shuffled up a peace.

Shuffle

Shuf"fle, v. i.

1. To change the relative position of cards in a pack; as, to shuffle and cut.

2. To change one's position; to shift ground; to evade questions; to resort to equivocation; to prevaricate.

I muself, . . . hiding mine honor in my necessity, am fain to shuffle. Shak.

3. To use arts or expedients; to make shift.

Your life, good master, Must shuffle for itself. Shak.

4. To move in a slovenly, dragging manner; to drag or scrape the feet in walking or dancing.

The aged creature came Shuffling along with ivory-headed wand. Keats.
Syn. -- To equivicate; prevaricate; quibble; cavil; shift; siphisticate; juggle.

Shuffle

Shuf"fle, n.

1. The act of shuffling; a mixing confusedly; a slovenly, dragging motion.

The unguided agitation and rude shuffles of matter. Bentley.

2. A trick; an artifice; an evasion.

The gifts of nature are beyond all shame and shuffles. L'Estrange.

Shuffleboard

Shuf"fle*board` (?), n. See Shovelboard.

Shufflecap

Shuf"fle*cap` (?),.A play performed by shaking money in a hat or cap. [R.] Arbuthnot.

Shuffler

Shuf"fler (?), n.

1. One who shuffles.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Either one of the three common American scaup ducks. See Scaup duck, under Scaup.

Shufflewing

Shuf"fle*wing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hedg sparrow. [Prov. Eng.]

Shuffling

Shuf"fling (?), a.

1. Moving with a dragging, scraping step. "A shuffling nag." Shak.

2. Evasive; as, a shuffling excuse. T. Burnet.

Shuffling

Shuf"fling, v. In a shuffling manner.

Shug

Shug (?), v. i. [Cf. Shrug.]

1. To writhe the body so as to produce friction against one's clothes, as do those who have the itch. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

2. Hence, to crawl; to sneak. [Obs.]

There I 'll shug in and get a noble countenance. Ford.

Shumac

Shu"mac (?), n. (Bot.) Sumac.

Shun

Shun (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shunned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shunning.] [OE. shunien, schunien, schonien, AS. scunian, sceonian; cf. D. schuinen to slepe, schuin oblique, sloping, Icel. skunda, skynda, to hasten. Cf. Schooner, Scoundrel, Shunt.] To avoid; to keep clear of; to get out of the way of; to escape from; to eschew; as, to shun rocks, shoals, vice.
I am pure from the blood of all men. For I have not shunned to declare unto you all the counsel of God. Acts xx. 26,27.
Scarcity and want shall shun you. Shak.
Syn. -- See Avoid.

Shunless

Shun"less, a. Not to be shunned; inevitable; unavoidable. [R.] "Shunless destiny." Shak.
Page 1336

Shunt

Shunt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shunted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shunting.] [Prov. E., to move from, to put off, fr. OE. shunten, schunten, schounten; cf. D. schuinte a slant, slope, Icel. skunda to hasten. Cf. Shun.]

1. To shun; to move from. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

2. To cause to move suddenly; to give a sudden start to; to shove. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.] Ash.

3. To turn off to one side; especially, to turn off, as a grain or a car upon a side track; to switch off; to shift.

For shunting your late partner on to me. T. Hughes.

4. (Elec.) To provide with a shunt; as, to shunt a galvanometer.

Shunt

Shunt (?), v. i. To go aside; to turn off.

Shunt

Shunt, n. [Cf. D. schuinte slant, slope, declivity. See Shunt, v. t.]

1. (Railroad) A turning off to a side or short track, that the principal track may be left free.

2. (Elec.) A conducting circuit joining two points in a conductor, or the terminals of a galvanometer or dynamo, so as to form a parallel or derived circuit through which a portion of the current may pass, for the purpose of regulating the amount passing in the main circuit.

3. (Gunnery) The shifting of the studs on a projectile from the deep to the shallow sides of the grooves in its discharge from a shunt gun. Shunt dynamo (Elec.), a dynamo in which the field circuit is connected with the main circuit so as to form a shunt to the letter, thus employing a portion of the current from the armature to maintain the field. -- Shunt gun, a firearm having shunt rifling. See under Rifling.

Shunter

Shunt"er (?), n. (Railroad) A person employed to shunt cars from one track to another.

Shut

Shut (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shut; p. pr. & vb. n. Shutting.] [OE. shutten, schutten, shetten, schitten, AS. scyttan to shut or lock up (akin to D. schutten, G. sch\'81tzen to protect), properly, to fasten with a bolt or bar shot across, fr. AS. sce\'a2tan to shoot. &root;159. See Shoot.]

1. To close so as to hinder ingress or egress; as, to shut a door or a gate; to shut one's eyes or mouth.

2. To forbid entrance into; to prohibit; to bar; as, to shut the ports of a country by a blockade.

Shall that be shut to man which to the beast Is open? Milton.

3. To preclude; to exclude; to bar out. "Shut from every shore." Dryden.

4. To fold together; to close over, as the fingers; to close by bringing the parts together; as, to shut the hand; to shut a book. To shut in. (a) To inclose; to confine. "The Lord shut him in." Cen. vii. 16. (b) To cover or intercept the view of; as, one point shuts in another. -- To shut off. (a) To exclude. (b) To prevent the passage of, as steam through a pipe, or water through a flume, by closing a cock, valve, or gate. -- To shut out, to preclude from entering; to deny admission to; to exclude; as, to shut out rain by a tight roof. -- To shut together, to unite; to close, especially to close by welding. -- To shut up. (a) To close; to make fast the entrances into; as, to shut up a house. (b) To obstruct. "Dangerous rocks shut up the passage." Sir W. Raleigh. (c) To inclose; to confine; to imprison; to fasten in; as, to shut up a prisoner.

Before faith came, we were kept under the law, shut up unto the faith which should afterwards be revealed. Gal. iii. 23.
(d) To end; to terminate; to conclude.
When the scene of life is shut up, the slave will be above his master if he has acted better. Collier.
(e) To unite, as two pieces of metal by welding. (f) To cause to become silent by authority, argument, or force.

Shut

Shut, v. i. To close itself; to become closed; as, the door shuts; it shuts hard. To shut up, to cease speaking. [Colloq.] T. Hughes.

Shut

Shut, a.

1. Closed or fastened; as, a shut door.

2. Rid; clear; free; as, to get shut of a person. [Now dialectical or local, Eng. & U.S.] L'Estrange.

3. (Phon.) (a) Formed by complete closure of the mouth passage, and with the nose passage remaining closed; stopped, as are the mute consonants, p, t, k, b, d, and hard g. H. Sweet. (b) Cut off sharply and abruptly by a following consonant in the same syllable, as the English short vowels, &acr;, &ecr;, &icr;, &ocr;, &urcr;, always are.

Shut

Shut, n. The act or time of shutting; close; as, the shut of a door.
Just then returned at shut of evening flowers. Milton.

2. A door or cover; a shutter. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton.

3. The line or place where two pieces of metal are united by welding. Cold shut, the imperfection in a casting caused by the flowing of liquid metal upon partially chilled metal; also, the imperfect weld in a forging caused by the inadequate heat of one surface under working.

Shute

Shute (?), n. Same as Chute, or Shoot.

Shutter

Shut"ter (?), n.

1. One who shuts or closes.

2. A movable cover or screen for a window, designed to shut out the light, to obstruct the view, or to be of some strength as a defense; a blind.

3. A removable cover, or a gate, for closing an aperture of any kind, as for closing the passageway for molten iron from a ladle.

Shuttered

Shut"tered (?), a. Furnished with shutters.

Shuttle

Shut"tle (?), n. [Also shittle, OE. schitel, scytyl, schetyl; cf. OE. schitel a bolt of a door, AS. scyttes; all from AS. sce\'a2tan to shoot; akin to Dan. skyttel, skytte, shuttle, dial. Sw. skyttel, sk\'94ttel. &root;159. See Shoot, and cf. Shittle, Skittles.]

1. An instrument used in weaving for passing or shooting the thread of the woof from one side of the cloth to the other between the threads of the warp.

Like shuttles through the loom, so swiftly glide My feathered hours. Sandys.

2. The sliding thread holder in a sewing machine, which carries the lower thread through a loop of the upper thread, to make a lock stitch.

3. A shutter, as for a channel for molten metal. [R.] Shuttle box (Weaving), a case at the end of a shuttle race, to receive the shuttle after it has passed the thread of the warp; also, one of a set of compartments containing shuttles with different colored threads, which are passed back and forth in a certain order, according to the pattern of the cloth woven. -- Shutten race, a sort of shelf in a loom, beneath the warp, along which the shuttle passes; a channel or guide along which the shuttle passes in a sewing machine. -- Shuttle shell (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of marine gastropods of the genus Volva, or Radius, having a smooth, spindle-shaped shell prolonged into a channel at each end.

Shuttle

Shut"tle (?), v. i. To move backwards and forwards, like a shuttle.
I had to fly far and wide, shutting athwart the big Babel, wherever his calls and pauses had to be. Carlyle.

Shuttlecock

Shut"tle*cock` (?), n. A cork stuck with feathers, which is to be struck by a battledoor in play; also, the play itself.

Shuttlecock

Shut"tle*cock, v. t. To send or toss to and fro; to bandy; as, to shuttlecock words. Thackeray.

Shuttlecork

Shut"tle*cork` (?), n. See Shuttlecock.

Shuttlewise

Shut"tle*wise` (?), adv. Back and forth, like the movement of a shuttle.

Shwan-pan

Shwan"-pan (?), n. See Schwan-pan.

Shy

Shy (?), a. [Compar. Shier (?) or Shyer; superl. Shiest or Shyest.] [OE. schey, skey, sceouh, AS. sce\'a2h; akin to Dan. sky, Sw. skygg, D. schuw, MHG. schiech, G. scheu, OHG. sciuhen to be or make timid. Cf. Eschew.]

1. Easily frightened; timid; as, a shy bird.

The horses of the army . . . were no longer shy, but would come up to my very feet without starting. Swift.

2. Reserved; coy; disinclined to familiar approach.

What makes you so shy, my good friend? There's nobody loves you better than I. Arbuthnot.
The embarrassed look of shy distress And maidenly shamefacedness. Wordsworth.

3. Cautious; wary; suspicious.

I am very shy of using corrosive liquors in the preparation of medicines. Boyle.
Princes are, by wisdom of state, somewhat shy of thier successors. Sir H. Wotton.
To fight shy. See under Fight, v. i.

Shy

Shy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shying.] [From Shy, a.] To start suddenly aside through fright or suspicion; -- said especially of horses.

Shy

Shy, v. t. To throw sidewise with a jerk; to fling; as, to shy a stone; to shy a slipper. T. Hughes.

Shy

Shy, n.

1. A sudden start aside, as by a horse.

2. A side throw; a throw; a fling. Thackeray.

If Lord Brougham gets a stone in his hand, he must, it seems, have a shy at somebody. Punch.

Shyly

Shy"ly, adv. In a shy or timid manner; not familiarly; with reserve. [Written also shily.]

Shyness

Shy"ness, n. The quality or state of being shy. [Written also shiness.]
Frequency in heavenly contemplation is particularly important to prevent a shyness bewtween God and thy soul. Baxter.
Syn. -- Bashfulness; reserve; coyness; timidity; diffidence. See Bashfulness.

Shyster

Shy"ster (?), n. [Perh. from G. scheisse excrement.] A trickish knave; one who carries on any business, especially legal business, in a mean and dishonest way. [Slang, U.S.]

Si

Si (?). [It.] (Mus.) A syllable applied, in solmization, to the note B; more recently, to the seventh tone of any major diatonic scale. It was added to Guido's scale by Le Maire about the end of the 17th century.<-- now called ti -->

Siaga

Si*a"ga (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The ahu, or jairou.

Sialogogue

Si*al"o*gogue (?), n. [Gr. si`alon saliva + sialagogue.] (Med.) An agent which promotes the flow of saliva.

Siamang

Si"a*mang` (?), n. [Malay si\'bemang.] (Zool.) A gibbon (Hylobates syndactylus), native of Sumatra. It has the second and third toes partially united by a web.

Siamese

Si`a*mese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Siam, its native people, or their language.

Siamese

Si`a*mese`, n. sing. & pl.

1. A native or inhabitant of Siam; pl., the people of Siam.

2. sing. The language of the Siamese.

Sib

Sib (?), n. [AS. sibb alliance, gesib a relative. &root;289. See Gossip.] A blood relation. [Obs.] Nash.

Sib

Sib, a. Related by blood; akin. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Your kindred is but . . . little sib to you. Chaucer.
[He] is no fairy birn, ne sib at all To elfs, but sprung of seed terrestrial. Spenser.

Sibbens

Sib"bens (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Med.) A contagious disease, endemic in Scotland, resembling the yaws. It is marked by ulceration of the throat and nose and by pustules and soft fungous excrescences upon the surface of the body. In the Orkneys the name is applied to the itch. [Written also sivvens.]

Siberian

Si*be"ri*an (?), a. [From Siberia, Russ. Sibire.] Of or pertaining to Siberia, a region comprising all northern Asia and belonging to Russia; as, a Siberian winter. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Siberia. Siberian crab (Bot.), the Siberian crab apple. See Crab apple, under Crab. -- Siberian dog (Zo\'94l.), one of a large breed of dogs having erect ears and the hair of the body and tail very long. It is distinguished for endurance of fatigue when used for the purpose of draught. -- Siberian pea tree (Bot.), a small leguminous tree (Cragana arborescens) with yellow flowers. It is a native of Siberia.

Sibilance, Sibilancy

Sib"i*lance (?), Sib"i*lan*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being sibilant; sibilation.
Milton would not have avoided them for their sibilancy, he who wrote . . . verses that hiss like Medusa's head in wrath. Lowell.

Sibilant

Sib"i*lant (?), a. [L. sibilans, -antis, p. pr. of sibilare to hiss: cf. F. sibilant.] Making a hissing sound; uttered with a hissing sound; hissing; as, s, z, sh, and zh, are sibilant elementary sounds. -- n. A sibiliant letter.

Sibilate

Sib"i*late (?), v. t. & i. To pronounce with a hissing sound, like that of the letter s; to mark with a character indicating such pronunciation.

Sibilation

Sib`i*la"tion (?), n. [L. sibilatio.] Utterance with a hissing sound; also, the sound itself; a hiss.
He, with a long, low sibilation, stared. Tennyson.

Sibilatory

Sib"i*la*to*ry (?), a. Hissing; sibilant.

Sibilous

Sib"i*lous (?), a. [L. sibilus.] Having a hissing sound; hissing; sibilant. [R.] Pennant.

Sibyl

Sib"yl (?), n. [L. sibylla, Gr.

1. (Class. Antiq.) A woman supposed to be endowed with a spirit of prophecy. &hand; The number of the sibyls is variously stated by different authors; but the opinion of Varro, that there were ten, is generally adopted. They dwelt in various parts of Persia, Greece, and Italy.

2. A female fortune teller; a pythoness; a prophetess. "An old highland sibyl." Sir W. Scott.

Sibylist

Sib"yl*ist, n. One who believes in a sibyl or the sibylline prophecies. Cudworth.

Sibylline

Sib"yl*line (?), a. [L. sibyllinus.] Pertaining to the sibyls; uttered, written, or composed by sibyls; like the productions of sibyls. Sibylline books. (a) (Rom. Antiq.) Books or documents of prophecies in verse concerning the fate of the Roman empire, said to have been purchased by Tarquin the Proud from a sibyl. (b) Certain Jewish and early Christian writings purporting to have been prophetic and of sibylline origin. They date from 100 b. c. to a. d. 500.

Sic

Sic (?), a. Such. [Scot.]

Sic

Sic (?), adv. [L.] Thus. &hand; This word is sometimes inserted in a quotation [sic], to call attention to the fact that some remarkable or inaccurate expression, misspelling, or the like, is literally reproduced.

Sicamore

Sic"a*more (?), n. (Bot.) See Sycamore.

Sicca

Sic"ca (?), n. [Ar. sikka.] A seal; a coining die; -- used adjectively to designate the silver currency of the Mogul emperors, or the Indian rupee of 192 grains. Sicca rupee, an East Indian coin, valued nominally at about two shillings sterling, or fifty cents.

Siccate

Sic"cate (?), v. t. [L. siccatus, p. p. of siccare to dry, fr. siecus dry.] To dry. [R.]

Siccation

Sic*ca"tion (?), n. [L. siccatio.] The act or process of drying. [R.] Bailey.

Siccative

Sic"ca*tive (?), a. [L. siccativus.] Drying; causing to dry. -- n. That which promotes drying.

Siccific

Sic*cif"ic (?), a.[L. siccificus; siccus dry + facere to make. See -fy.] Causing dryness.

Siccity

Sic"ci*ty (?), n. [L. siccitas, fr. siccus dry.] Dryness; aridity; destitution of moisture. [Obs.]
The siccity and dryness of its flesh. Sir T. Browne.

Sice

Sice (?), n. [F. six, fr. L. sex six. See Six.] The number six at dice.

Sicer

Si"cer (?), n. [L. sicera. See Cider.] A strong drink; cider. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sich

Sich (?), a. Such. [Obs. or Colloq.] Spenser.

Sicilian

Si*cil"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Sicily or its inhabitants. Sicilian vespers, the great massacre of the French in Sicily, in the year 1282, on the evening of Easter Monday, at the hour of vespers.

Sicilian

Si*cil"i*an, n. A native or inhabitant of Sicily.

Siciliano

Si*ci`li*a"no (?), n. [It., Sicilian.] A Sicilian dance, resembling the pastorale, set to a rather slow and graceful melody in 12-8 or 6-8 measure; also, the music to the dance.

Sicilienne

Si`ci`lienne" (?), n. [F., fem. of sicilien Sicilian.] A kind of rich poplin.

Sick

Sick (?), a. [Compar. Sicker (?); superl. Sickest.] [OE. sek, sik, ill, AS. se\'a2c; akin to OS. siok, seoc, OFries. siak, D. ziek, G. siech, OHG. sioh, Icel. sj, Sw. sjuk, Dan. syg, Goth. siuks ill, siukan to be ill.]

1. Affected with disease of any kind; ill; indisposed; not in health. See the Synonym under Illness.

Simon's wife's mother lay sick of a fever. Mark i. 30.
Behold them that are sick with famine. Jer. xiv. 18.

2. Affected with, or attended by, nausea; inclined to vomit; as, sick at the stomach; a sick headache.

3. Having a strong dislike; disgusted; surfeited; -- with of; as, to be sick of flattery.

He was not so sick of his master as of his work. L'Estrange.

4. Corrupted; imperfect; impaired; weakned.

So great is his antipathy against episcopacy, that, if a seraphim himself should be a bishop, he would either find or make some sick feathers in his wings. Fuller.
Sick bay (Naut.), an apartment in a vessel, used as the ship's hospital. -- Sick bed, the bed upon which a person lies sick. -- Sick berth, an apartment for the sick in a ship of war. -- Sick headache (Med.), a variety of headache attended with disorder of the stomach and nausea. -- Sick list, a list containing the names of the sick. -- Sick room, a room in which a person lies sick, or to which he is confined by sickness. [These terms, sick bed, sick berth, etc., are also written both hyphened and solid.] Syn. -- Diseased; ill; disordered; distempered; indisposed; weak; ailing; feeble; morbid.

Sick

Sick, n. Sickness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Sick

Sick, v. i. To fall sick; to sicken. [Obs.] Shak.

Sick-brained

Sick"-brained` (?), a. Disordered in the brain.

Sicken

Sick"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sickened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sickening.]

1. To make sick; to disease.

Raise this strength, and sicken that to death. Prior.

2. To make qualmish; to nauseate; to disgust; as, to sicken the stomach.

3. To impair; to weaken. [Obs.] Shak.

Sweetest nurind. Shak.

On him I rested, after long debate, And not without considering, fixed Dryden.

In such a night Medea gathered the enchanted herbs That did renew old Shak.
The rest refresh the scaly snakes that folDryden.
Light must be supplied, among gracefulrefuges, by terracing Sir H. Wotton.

It is not my business to recriminate, hoping sufficiently toBp. Stillingfleet.
Prosperities can only be enjoyed by them who fear not at all to lose the Jer. Taylor.